The Effect of Temperature on Solubility

Temperature has a direct effect on solubility. For the majority of ionic solids,
increasing the temperature increases how quickly the solution can be made.
As the temperature increases, the particles of the solid move faster, which
increases the chances that they will interact with more of the solvent
particles. This results in increasing the rate at which a solution occurs.
Temperature can also increase the amount of solute that can be dissolved in
a solvent. Generally speaking, as the temperature is increased, more solute
particles will be dissolved. For instance, when you add table sugar to water, a
solution is quite easily made. When you heat that solution and keep adding
sugar, you find that large amounts of sugar can be added as the temperature
keeps rising. The reason this occurs is because as the temperature increases,
the intermolecular forces can be more easily broken, allowing more of the
solute particles to be attracted to the solvent particles. There are other
examples, though, where increasing the temperature has very little effect on
how much solute can be dissolved. Table salt is a good example: you can
dissolve just about the same amount of table salt in ice water as you can in
boiling water.
For all gases, as the temperature increases, the solubility decreases. The
kinetic molecular theory can be used to explain this phenomenon. As the
temperature increases, the gas molecules move faster and are then able to
escape from the liquid. The solubility of the gas, then, decreases.