Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Nasional Akreditasi RS ke II
Jakarta, 19 10 Agustus 2016
Pendahuluan
Dari berbagai pengertian pelayanan terintegrasi, definisi dari
WHO :
WHO (2008) : The management and delivery of health
services so that clients receive a continuum of preventive
and curative services, according to their needs over time
and across different levels of the health system.
Pendahuluan
Provider integration :
Integrated care is a concept bringing together inputs, delivery,
management and organization of services related to diagnosis,
treatment, care, rehabilitation and health promotion.
Integration is a means to improve services in relation to
access, quality, user satisfaction and efficiency.
User Integration
For the user, integration means health care that is
seamless, smooth and easy to navigate. Users want a
coordinated service which minimizes both the number of
stages in an appointment and the number of separate visits
required to a health facility. They want health workers to be
aware of their health as a whole (not just one clinical aspect)
and for health workers from different levels of a system to
communicate well. In short, clients want continuity of
(Integrated Health Services, Technical Brief No.1, WHO 2008)
care.
Pendahuluan
Horizontal integration :
Integration of Multidisciplinary/multifunctional teamwork
Partnership between the patient / service users, the carer
and the professionals.
Vertical integration
Integration of different levels of care like primary,
secondary, and tertiary care
Vertical integration of clinical departments
Pendahuluan
Vertical integration of clinical departments
Pendahuluan
The team structure at the department level of the hospital.
Horizontal integration
Pendahuluan
Pendahuluan
Organisational integration, where organisations are brought
together formally by mergers or through collectives and/or virtually
through co-ordinated provider networks or via contracts between
separate organisations brokered by a purchaser.
Functional integration, where non-clinical support and backoffice functions are integrated, such as electronic patient records
Service integration, where different clinical services provided are
integrated at an organizational level, such as through teams of
multidisciplinary professionals
Clinical integration, where care by professionals and providers to
patients is integrated into a single or coherent process within and/or
across professions, such as through use of shared guidelines and
protocols
Normative integration, where an ethos of shared values and
commitment to co-ordinating work enables trust and collaboration
in delivering health care
(Goodwin,N & Smith,J: The Evidence Base for Integrated Care.
London: The Kings Fund, 2011)
Pendahuluan
Standar Akreditasi RS v. 2012 mengharuskan RS
menyelenggarakan pelayanan terintegrasi pada pelayanan2 sbb
Welcome to IJIC!
The International Journal of Integrated Care (IJIC) is an online,
open-access, peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original
articles in the field of integrated care on a continuous basis.
Established in 2000, IJIC's mission has been to promote integrated
care as a scientific discipline. IJIC's primary purpose has been to
examine critically the policy and practice of integrated care and whether
and how this has impacted on quality-of-care, user experiences, and
cost-effectiveness.
Manajemen
Risiko RS
Pelayanan
Fokus Person
(Person Centred
Risiko Klinis
Care)
Etik
4 Fondasi
PPA Asuhan pasien
Asuhan
Asuhan
Asuhan
Asuhan
Medis
Keperawatan
Gizi
Obat
Mutu
Kebutuhan
Patient
Pasien
Safety
EBM
VBM
(Nico A Lumenta & Adib A Yahya, 2012)
Safety is a
fundamental principle
of patient care and a
critical component of
Quality Management.
(World Alliance for Patient
Safety, Forward Programme
Programme,,
WHO, 2004)
*Standar PP.2.
Ada prosedur untuk mengintegrasikan dan
mengkoordinasikan asuhan yg diberikan kpd setiap pasien.
Elemen Penilaian PP.2
1. Rencana asuhan diintegrasikan dan dikoordinasikan di
antara berbagai unit kerja & yan (lih.juga APK.2, EP 3)
2. Pemberian asuhan diintegrasikan dan dikoordinasikan di
berbagai unit kerja & yan
3. Hasil atau kesimpulan rapat dari tim asuhan atau diskusi
lain ttg kerjasama dicatat dalam rekam medis pasien.
*Standar AP.4.
Staf medis, keperawatan dan staf lain yg bertangg-jwb atas
pelayanan pasien, bekerja sama dlm menganalisis dan
mengintegrasikan asesmen pasien
Elemen Penilaian AP.4
1. Data dan informasi asesmen pasien dianalisis dan
diintegrasikan.
14
(Partnering with patients to drive shared decisions, better value, and care improvement. INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE, 2014)
Pasien
Pasif
Pasrah
4.
6.
7.
1.
2.
3.
5. The care planned for each patient is reviewed and verified by the
responsible physician with a notation in the progress notes.
32
Profesional
Pemberi
Asuhan
Instruksi PPA
HASIL ASESMEN PASIEN DAN PEMBERIAN PELAYANAN Termasuk Pasca
Bedah
(Tulis dengan format SOAP/ADIME, disertai Sasaran. Tulis (Instruksi ditulis
Nama, beri Paraf pada akhir catatan)
dgn rinci dan
jelas)
2/2/2015
Jm 8.00
Perawat
2/2/2015
Jm 8.30
Dokter
REVIEW &
VERIFIKASI
DPJP
(Tulis Nama, beri
Paraf, Tgl, Jam)
(DPJP harus
membaca/merevi
ew seluruh
Rencana
Asuhan)
Monitoring nyeri
tiap 30
Lapor DPJP
Kolaborasi
pemberian anti
Paraf.. inlamasi &
analgesic
Catatan/Notasi (review)DPJP
Catatan/
+paraf
DPJP
Paraf
DPJP
tiap lembar
DPJP
Gambaran kegiatan Clinical Leader, sbg motor integrasi asuhan
Profesional
Pemberi Asuhan
DPJP
Perawat/
Bidan
PPA
Tugas Mandiri,
Tugas Kolaboratif,
Tugas Delegatif
Apoteker
Nurisionis
Dietisien
Psikologi
Klinis
Terapis
Fisik
Teknisi Medis
Penata Anestesi
Lainnya
KARS Dr.Nico Lumenta
PPA
Diagram
IAR
Asesmen Pasien
Pencatatan:
PPA :
Dokter
Perawat
Bidan
Apoteker
Nutrisionis
Dietisien
Teknisi
Medis
1. Informasi dikumpulkan :
Anamnesa, pemeriksaan, pemeriksaan lain /
penunjang, dsb
2. Analisis informasi :
A
Menetapkan Diagnosis / Masalah / Kondisi
Untuk mengidentifikasi Kebutuhan Yan Pasien
3. Rencana Asuhan/Plan of Care :
Merumuskan rencana dan sasaran terukur
Untuk memenuhi Kebutuhan Yan Pasien
(PenataAnestesi)
Terapis Fisik
Asesmen
Awal
Asesmen
Ulang
SOAP
Pemberian Pelayanan
Implementasi Rencana
Monitoring
Asesmen Ulang
Std AP 1
Std PP 2 EP 1, PP
2.1, 5, Std AP 2,
R
PAB 5, 7, 7.4.
2. Pemberian Pelayanan
Implementasi Rencana
Monitoring
Std PP 2, EP 2, PP
5 EP 2 & 3, PAB 3
EP 5, 5.3, 6, 7.3,
39
Interprofessionality
Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC)
When multiple health workers from different
professional backgrounds work together with
patients, families, carers, and communities to
deliver the highest quality of care
Interprofessional Education (IPE)
When students from two or more professions
learn about, from and with each other to enable
effective collaboration and improve health
outcomes
(FrameworkKARS
for Action
onLumenta
Interprofessional Education & Collaborative Practice, WHO, 2010)
Dr.Nico
Fungsi MPP
Manajer Pelayanan Pasien menjalankan fungsi
asesmen, perencanaan, fasilitasi dan advokasi,
melalui kolaborasi dgn pasien, keluarga, PPA, shg
menghasilkan outcome/hasil asuhan yg diharapkan.
DPJP
Perawat
Clinical Leader :
Kerangka pokok
asuhan
Koordinasi
Kolaborasi
Sintesis
Interpretasi
Review
Integrasi asuhan
Fisio
terapis
Apoteker
Pasien,
Ahli
Gizi
Keluarga
Radio
grafer
Analis
Lainnya
Yan Kes
/ RS Lain
Yan
Keuangan/
Billing
MPP
Case Manager
Asuransi
Perusahaan/
Employer
BPJS
Dokter
Keluarga
Pembayar
Perusahaan
Asuransi
Output CM :
Kontinuitas Pelayanan
Pelayanan dgn Kendali
Mutu dan Biaya
Pelayanan yg memenuhi
kebutuhan Pasien-Kel pd
ranap s/d dirumah
Good Patient Care
Pasien
Keluarga
Case
Manager
MPP
(Laison,
Penghubung,Jemb
atan)
RS
PPA
Rohaniwan
Unit2
Keuangan
CASE MANAGER
Multi-tasking
Educator
Health Facilitator & Navigator
Patient Healthcare
Professional Partnership
Professional Patient Advocate
Communicator
Catalyst
Utilization review
Discharge Planning
Problem Solver
Outcome
Continuity of Care
Patient-Family Engagement
Enabling Informed Decision
Efficient delivery of care
Reduction in resource
utilization
Decrease in the volume of
re-admissions
Produces improvements in
clinical and financial
outcomes (Kendali Mutu
Mutu-Kendali Biaya
Biaya--Kendali
Keselamatan))
Keselamatan
Pasal 44
Pasal 50 & 51
Standar
Pelayanan
Kedokteran
Standar Profesi
Standar Prosedur
Operasional
Permenkes 1438/2010
PNPK
Terutama untuk penyakit yang banyak,
mahal, risiko, bervariasi dalam praktik
Dibuat oleh pakar multidisiplin
Ideal, terkini, evidence-based, canggih
Dikoordinasi Kemenkes, disahkan Menkes
Literatur:
Artikel asli
Meta-analisis
PNPK (asing)
Buku ajar, etc
Panduan profesi, Direktorat,
Kesepakatan staf medis
Diterjemahkan ke fasyankes
menjadi:
Sesuai dengan
Jenis dan strata
(hospital specific)
(Sudigdo Sastroasmoro, Konsorsium Upaya Kesehatan,
Ditjen BUK - Kemenkes RI, 2015)
Dapat +
Pathways
Algoritme
Protokol
Prosedur
Standing orders
Dapat dilakukan
tanpa
menunggu PNPK
Prinsip Penyusunan
Clinical Pathway / Alur Klinis
PPK
+ Algoritme, Protokol, Prosedur, Standing orders
+
Panduan Asuhan Keperawatan, Panduan Asuhan Gizi, Panduan
Asuhan Kefarmasian, Panduan Asuhan PPA lainnya
52
DEFINISI
(INTEGRATED) CLINICAL PATHWAY ADALAH
Suatu konsep perencanaan pelayanan terpadu /
terintegrasi yang merangkum setiap langkah yang
diberikan pada pasien, yang berdasarkan standar
(1
(2
pelayanan
Berada di setiap unit rawat inap
Case manajer mengingatkan PPA (terutama
DPJP) untuk mengikuti CP template
FORMAT CP ACTUAL
Berada pada berkas rekam medis pasien
Diisi oleh Case manajer sesuai pelaksanaan
yang tertulis dalam rekam medis pasien
Dikeluarkan dari berkas setelah pasien pulang
utk analisis oleh unit mutu
55
KOMPONEN INTEGRATED
CLINICAL PATHWAY
56
1/3
2/3
3/3
1/3
2/3
3/3
1/3
2/3
3/3
Discharge Planning
Keluarga :
Asuhan
Dirumah
Pra Admisi :
o eLOS
o Rujukan
Discharge Planning
Awal & durante
ranap
Kriteria
Tim Multidisiplin
Keterlibatan
Pasien-Kel
Antisipasi masalah
Program Edukasi
/Pelatihan
Rawat inap
Dirumah
Follow-up
Ke RS
Telpon
Proses Pulang :
o 24-48 jam pra-pulang
o Penyiapan Yan dilingkungan
o Kriteria pulang +
o Resume pasien pulang
o Transport
o dsb
Discharge Planning
Cegah Komplikasi
Pasca Discharge
Cegah Readmisi
Yan Kes
Primer
dilingkungan
Yan
Sosial
Yan
Penunjang,
Rehab
84
85
*Standar PP.5
Pasien yg berisiko nutrisi mendapat terapi gizi
Elemen Penilaian PP.5
1. Pasien yg pada asesmen berada pada risiko nutrisi, mendapat
terapi gizi.
2. Suatu proses kerjasama dipakai untuk merencanakan,
memberikan dan memonitor terapi gizi.
3. Respon pasien terhadap terapi gizi dimonitor.
4. Respon pasien terhadap terapi gizi dicatat dalam rekam
medisnya (lih.juga MKI.19.1, EP 5)
EP 2 : Asuhan gizi terintegrasi. Form Asesmen Gizi Lanjutan susun bersama,
implementasi ttd bersama
87
Terima kasih