(wer = Wee | nll al % lo | on pevfeat Intex coolly equal wos input far Cath Comper oottl Required. awe) We = We + We, = te = sem LCR) we = hah Wee OF CTa— TE) = Cp Ta e B As KS = oT [ Le a 74 | J ane’ ‘FC = RE We, = cor ( Jr 5 tee cml ap Scy icy = ha- hs = Cp €To—-Th) tL ol Eatin = Cp er: ys = Ce Ti Fe as al Wea = crraf (aie Vie \ a We, = Wey | Wi Wey + Weo_@E Vapour pewey Cycles eo ¢ RaMkmMe CYCIeD im Vo pour, powex geaw fox using water asa ycle or tetne Pits ba wt fs Chee ze © rerfeanty Stable: MANIC eis haventess respecte. Stearn ¢ encgampuon 6 smoaso? St ans > ‘sls SSC = “Bnet Pret esfsee: _ mse > Kets TeeKving ast E Be Kol kg cals => : : 163 ae, = a Wret Ksee gee SBR vimer EHX Egeo scc = 3600K8 _ Viner Ku We que net work is more specific cteaw Comgumpa'on is toon aid hence Moss Mow wee o steam win be Less stze of the Plant wilh be Sraatle > im + ond hemce tht Bw caecey CYCLES = [ema He)4) weouback olf Carnet cycle Se (D atts alFPRcutt to clean ern Combo porttol Comdemcerr: @) The op of a CemPprescoy which hantleg O tmizenure of Siduik ame vapour ts At feroatt, @) Ac Cormpress is Used the Compression wom 16 barge and hence the Net Wook fc toag. wer = Wr He ember the turbine at nn wet Region: The ow *@ The s Ltuyated Steam tat poink @) tPave2 at point G) which I afquta chyopiete In high: Velocity steam Caluse exwsotive > retion om tuwbine bladea- att > ¥ piamt are rac BODU +B Rankine cycle > Steam Power Pra ; REN yale = Pinon) Ak Sp.a “tur bine Brant Fer ererede ity generation bine = Wor — We Wp = var » s Zamnot Cytle- > wa —Wel= wner L Wr -~ Wed = wrer TD 3 —\GhisteVs Chao) 3 oe hee ha) CMD Reason fox towers effi nen ef Ronnie cycle Compare BS -te_coamet cycie > 8 7 ® L > Qp = Te Cas) a @ ; [a4 ) a : ; Tah = eeeWye { Qs - 4 Q<- 8e ‘ ax ¢ ee pee c i Qe anere p= Th ( AS) v3 ¢ 3 | at \ en o ae i Cee Trea CAS) ‘ Ae = HLS) eset I Ce) to ; ‘Tr ( sy s i Tro qhough the wet wosk output of vankine cycie ts greeny 6 thom the Net Work output of Carnot Cycle the effitionry. § oP vonking cycie is Lek because fro meam tome ( ¢ oP heat addition fn -Camkine Cycte tc Lower than «© thet mM Casnot Crcle > ie be eee ef Jmprew 4 the perfermanee cP Ramnine qa BR I Colles Pressure us @ Wr D> Ancrea in srbine work C4 BD GR > Mew ease IN Head adden ¢ @ vp 41 ( Wy ha) qe Wr we ae a y= [acme bod4 Cay) Chamba] ~[e9) bs hades (ha hs) ci) @, en 3 t @ 4t— loos SN @ ty) ee %O 1 ee fs evate hetween A soutce tmP mpa-amd Sink temPy of Saves: Roi-@ Acarnot steam cycle OF of 344°06°% equal to Lo @ work "ratio ~ 32.88% (P=5kpa): frnd © Thermal epfrelemey - . @ specific steam Conguinetion: SA Cesare) he ‘sing | bao Holig) WvFse Pada F-32596 | Ss Ett th S-395l Tes arjaee +3za~ Stee 1S TS FESS pais fee ‘ Th- it "os > aye CS Teele ae694-08 wiyet @. = wha Q7aa-F — 1409-56 Qs = agay-it Weer = 1] ¥ as Vimet 0-4 FE RISIFE-1G = CAFS S600 = #39 Kg | Kw-or 62F-k qrene Wy = ha he — Song ex Chgoht) Go) \ ng = 139-82 at Smra Ling = Ber 62 at smra $ Sa os = sf +x CS3-S#) saga = 0-4764 +H (32951 — 0° 4#59.) he = 13742 + 0-648 x Casgl-62— 124-32) b= A¢08-3 bes] l-g 9794-37 — L¥0o8-% — 1016-8 {> 627-2 016-3 te = (Ee) ss NeVapour ye JOR ee sutcrten F Uno cork ing exer tae turbine at wo pusnp work fs neat gibi . Phusd om Revie i re 2 whe eet Mat Corndemcate free ; >—\» 5 VK a 2 ‘ > jae Heat Supplied Qe = hi-ha C tena Plerop coave Te Nasa hie we RESO bean rr eae ie Megtigjnle So that we ha =h = ; Wher Caer. ] qs q) PCR) tsar % VE Goong ) vend? | Ws Gam] PPD] oS ogee | 212-92 | o-o01172| o o9g6s | 908 9 }9793-52| 9 aan Lo 15°31] 9-o0701 14-6425 791-8) |asgq-63] o-kao2 ’ Rae . : ta — eee? Gegiiqiiote) og *; 1} ae = : q hia he @ 7 ] Wa — he F 9 iS = . Be ieee ee > pesca : 0 yh Ce Wg yP4= ho = 191-91 +, hg= 2'sta 62 » ha hg x Chg—hy ) he 19u-gi-brxe C2 5ee 62 — 191-8) ) ce tu bar Sa Sa = 6 SHOR OF nOMemmERS So. = Sp emi SSeS& B408 0-64.92 4% ( B-1s401 — 0-6492) [= ° RS r9a-e2 4 Co- #58) ( 2594-63 - 491-81) ha = 2006 Now y = 8499:SI— 2006 ‘ 2499-51 —191-81 30-4 % —_Anig jeam power “Plant “using A Reheat ¢ oe Steam eaves -the bollet emer the » Usso’c Cha= Beg ["h) Af ten ppamgrom IM the. tr bine co 400 eee Cha = 2609 kof hg! Ine Steam }S Reheated to 250 °c Che = BA %o ko] 1%) ovnd nen eppanded fm 2 Presgure TWT pine to Cloo KPa) %= a165 KS[K find otet- the emthatrpy -co M2 Pump Discharge he is. @ the efpiciemey of te prone! at 4 mPa» @.* : > > 4 4; @ x3 ee © 22-3 hie he & OY 23-2 © \ wes 2s % Qe > Ta ane mbar feMnennr Dischorge §_ bee 4 ae - _ Casha) + (hs he) =e Bd) 04S — 2609) + (31% ies) st Se ci qs 29a) + ( aro — 2694) + Cod) . 9 = 41088 Ants og Fuld F Cayce Loita Staperme of Fusbine at Se essen so fe week? oyna. RE TPa ss FECPC eppanse to Co MPA f SE AebeS, rikg ) jtts Haem -re. a befere exrertyg tat sezem Stage: turbine ethich “(Sin : we oem. aac’c Ch= 33s; S= FESS it ee payed te Covmtensey prescuye ef? e+ ot ( og 089267 34 = SWS hf =LFSeS > ing = B4e3eb “ens NEL POBer Suerput To Aco scat: Fay Pe - A eftictencs oD Line CYCLE f © masg Frew Tele cP Steam hm Kg lila : @) tone Specific volume oP Sedunented © 6M Ob Cr PCgM i> is. Leonas K les male = “and he = 63F au b= Basete 3B coperheak sieve wy 5 Ss 2 2 6 > u ®t / Bre $65 FG KOU Yee: é f—Brway sSPe¥syw 5 &- FS O10: % : 7 oe 9-008 Rkra af = — > In wet Fe aie ; Sq— & mee. C SQ +.) xa ( G FOS —1-9922) a9 = hg om = ho = BHAI i s s = 77S3SH t Point 4 fr wet! -Regrn, = S% + *%4( Sgo Sf). see J-tS71 = C5976 Ge = 0938) hi 0-488 Gamos Te) 4 = hp tue Chey) 2 17.358¢ + (he= Sane se 1sI4) top = —Swde 4, — 4-008 5% 10 "ee C Bon- 8) By, > —&- 06 uri ke 6a7-52-4.0-989 ( 2066- pea C 8-22 BF — O-S926 ), « € i « € c « -¢ « ( c t c a= =F2-O6 RII = he- AFSL = g-06 ice sala ae HO) Le : = wines > Cla ho) + Ona “he — Gip) ‘ 2 Gs Sasa eee Ub ha . = 0-052 => 4do-52% s © tanep = en “inthe wT . ® De my Do © ap- iets @thertal ty : Na rw PEEL Loltty open feed cater heater Ay chotrete fie cat pel aot ame aca WA ant 2 ane hy = aReo ko) ho row K3f the bleed “Pht es header je 26 ¥. @ Stearn genercdien mete then fine the eminatary at sie ol? J ice Qoiles, |is—| nevine}—s. | lax {o oa ( centlemces | Ce) Pe eee orwtl | —p(P < on C-sy uxhy +U-¥) he = Yxhe 62% Wy 9%00 +Cl- 02 )K 20 = ha*h - ha = 720 Ka/ ke peug@ ‘VE > CESHEY OOD} osm IRy Ls » Sp= O-oneE " Sia Sy Sr 7 reeW Gan, pater CE1ed 4 jad rowex cyaieg avd eed Tm gah Gi a lea wing Fuk me pik shane CURE 7 phi Engines ove en nas ves 5 unite f r tO) ona, oie non eyerte Nor al empine apesate amo closed esyete ustng core ak thet owl fiuld 0 Tteriad Gnrnile GI ergy piewe the Cornbtt tory fret tere Place Prisid@ the engine cylinden oF Tort Cyt heat emgis HD casnot cycles >» Crevewsitte Cycler > Cs wk .gonere S a ~~ 4-2 2 Fsoth smal heat addition ( eqyepemnater> ) (49 pdiphatie eanamsion ad TSotrworrmal heat jeetion 6 a Aaishale COMP ESSIOT« cycle Ty tod. Rrevewsibte Tsotherernal Grd 00 > ie line adiabaite. y-» BE am faaok gas js osgtlined as Unt cornicing fruiy Tren for digits > Oye = 28 a Waa = eT am » Qo neon Woe ve te (tat) ® Qin = Rt es Wa-4 = Ria of = > Qa -1 = 0, : sie nea, i Zag = Saw » eutwe » uctPrexefore. Quo Netoddad |= Ag = emt weicetea = wree = Qs- &2° Ran xe (aE Noucte = as 06 \ s ome a \Merre ata ‘ x Cosmet ek oycie ts big dwac hoe pe may big 4 , pre cess Combvestot work ts TASTE > So More Ree will Comgamne “Kary Rete Roser Out PLte + yee epfdemey of alr Ht Renews le engine wooing DEL LAaMe TEwP = timer TS same - eprcieng, of Reensible Cycle depend omy wnt s, eR jomy ofa Rewen sible Hee iMdevemdent of Be ST 5 ott #uuide z exe c quod Cormatond VoEne proce)! ) wo geversivie fsothesmmas amd 4w0 “Ceversibte Isochores- gor tig of deol go jeorerrer! eyWhy 2 Ry va 2 v Grr tx (Tat) 3 t-2 =O Gy-a W-4 RT, on I a1 Cy tIg-m hs War =° mwe to heat “ans(er ab Cansieuct volume processes, the epficronty that of thre Cornet Cycle cycre ic fese han of the stialiog However Tf regempotive arerangamenct is Used Suef thot GQ. = Oe 2-3 72 eaual tn Wot area Undex 4-45 area under 2 trot Ps tat efficients heen tam tae Cycle ek a RT, br Ne R 1= —Graw se = mM Sie (7 . han cycte hag Hat Carne —apfrcrein = cycle is lp PIT cabie- to pute Debengh “=e Crtant yvonne heat addon © adiabaite “e Pensitnn: cure feat weJeetions 12 a-3 povensible gk > Comsramt peescyae = sory cucle a JOLE > AVKMSON CYCIE Is OM fdeal Cycle emgine exhausting “ko 4 ferbine: En bois propre eppanngion CA- A paey, a an oho Orc flatwerr eppard we Wak Aoivest Cycle pretmn arog te Work OUctputs ALIN for om otto cyte the f altewed to »-5) So asto nee ll 4. esa ‘ pilec at i-2= 3 — _otto cycie ee ) — atkinsion opcle \ Foe 2 es Od, qe= Cul tah) a Ope Op I5 Th) V(b) re CpCts-t = lowcie = er Lat gy Coren pression “roctio oS vo > epransion ‘edin = Ms: ‘ Neg ee erry sussuistituting To) Ta 1 TS a AtmaFeommermal and too KEMeSsInE jsohaTs- bo Reversible cx 4 kg uf ideal § Geo 4 r in 2 Gia = ™ Ter eS he = ee) ee Pal var Vad =Rita- Pt ETAT Ga-4 = Ware =-RT2 9 P oP Ovid Anu tpt oe Te Te G2, = Cot JS = wend aa nee patt of the heat is-tramsfesred at Cynstant pressure whid past at denvtant tem. othe efficiency of Hie -Eqicss\ tn cycle is Legs than that of he Cornet Cycie- But wlth Meal vegemeration 4,4 = Qy-1 Se that at 1 fom the external source at Ty amd att tint Weak 19 eoted to an external Sink at Ta the “tfieler= of the Cycle bedornes equal +o tht Carnot cycte epercremey = 7 Qo Ra Lm Et ee Sh Fe ra ) 1 = Roy tn Pi Z 2 the heat fe add and Evicsson cycle have Flt Som 3 epriciemay a% tne Camot Cycte, but Thueh e38 back work uot aly emgine coanking on these CYCle have beer Sucessttiay, coe tic défturt -to ~ransfer heat to 9 as at high Yates. since the fitta had o very Lou Ener mat Cpyrttuativiy , So (er! not heen much pregrest tay bee = oaetepment of hot ar jes. However , since the GOS © of Tc. empha fet is wg excosive, there may find B a fieiy of use fn the Near feuteree Tie crepemenative + SHAT opesated - CoeIma gat turn piene ar cor Premut Pr ane Seer. , BA Temp a 1s come syegged te G Pre ccure oP RFLP, ON Ahn Sa kas eames Got Goer’ presen ee. kas sve ™ Hoh sieges AIX 1s Reheated Bereeen usb a reene Ta Rasen eet cooyking Fuca is (Berpiaiok mani ry Rate of specie peat Y ana cect that Gnvrexs. YANO ee pansion te be serhewics, shew that Net occewmut at beth D Gxueta Ful ce Mentmum When A is equa’ ex Kg 4 - — (2)\3em -& timer = (hy—ha) 4 (ha-ha) - Cho-h1) Cae) ee - (ten) | Eee a ae % )- Or 1] ae ao (ho—he) +(ha-ha) -Ge-h) Co (1s-%) + CE-B)— (P- Wy h oes (a2) 3(3- Woe Tm 7 B =) ec equal pressure aedtin IN erosion of both By Saget a [pi= JR P é a (2) A ats Uy 2 $e 1 |aA a aoeMENA’ Gd Veheat cyere nave acy emyertn Y, Beek Mtec Cemmressey, hevieg Pntey Coolie Toe teceen Compression Afr Leaving Firs stage oP ctyopyeagien aed YO BOK, ct 7 bay YN ies COUIEY GN) SUbSEqLE Nt cf cmpressea te 8 Lat- Coroprecttd aty Leavy om stage pressey TS Passed Unyergt a ReEMeNctted or, havirg etipenest FP OrS- StthseMential Vcombeeshen fled Agcvie Mplet ote turbine having Pre HN UPte 4 bate cont! can “Teheated Upte tZ00K™ befere being expanded Upte / ax. Exhausted from Tiesbine If pasged™ tyyo Se cofere discharge ett cf .cyc te « Per fuet haar Png Calne « we ef 426d KT/ = Find _¢ Fact Aly watic Tnveach Compson chember + ; petal turbine Werks - ; : Thermat efficiency a ; eo y and ex pansinn-te be carl dir fe werkinys _Leroprescitin, mt epee COS Ko Kg ok S ‘ ‘ ‘ © © c c @ RJ wsbine Cycle with qre cycte Shown in Hyg: Soe « get Te es w heating cman cling 27s. s A T Z 8 & a 3 é Ce ; 7 S S 3 . ewick A per @ oi) rater Cooley => Dinh A COE DuUstot => 4-5 © Reheater => 6-F “® nigh pressure Grmnpressor —y 3- +a(meus | wenn’ LE | a ago oe ie = as ~ Nia = Vict Mere > Vio*= 2 VPM te = Ope eC tas ved “a = pHa Clioe tee - « Nv a vPovur = ve Cuan Very SOR Bua Ves] = oe PNG ous, NENG + uP = = 24aVue Sw us £Pvro wit wt | sisoitas ly Voy ty = POP eae ow Muga a Vos ea 5 i PWD Oak > : i re fo tut Ratioaf enthalpy rrise th moving biode to ¢ the emthatpy tise in Shege- Ah den Gh) ctege 7 d R= hom ‘ (AN ra + Ab) p :we ~* shi — ve, 2 7 ———— > & \ N B= Crag done (Mae Won) sas ; (e: Nin — ‘Wits. AUC Way) Gh consteuct_@ Veloctty i iY (Serge Yoon) y= vu vf uns cn Br = Ay tern Ba = U- Nw =U My tee Fr Vida. = VO VE t0m fo ee »| ae {Qe vg tan Fa) = OF Mp tora) | ul \s Sivnivonyy = { Net, wf anmge = [vg tor vip tern pal EEE La] stage = OL yaf-tam f= bam 93] where By Qed Gy one pyode amge Ot gle Garret epit: aes Nig — Ney OY ug ) ~ wy (ton f= ten fe)R= vy sec” Bi vp sec” Bo AUF (+00 Gi. — yen Ba) NP G ser? fi - Sec > Ba.) I (tam — tam Po) ve (2 tent i nat) Bu tam Pr — tam pe seat ne ¥E [ton eee i eee - condfiion foe 50 7: Reaction => ue Nee tor Fi = VE Neon tam 1 = Ee — WH, Vv stemes, + te Bis ip Biss same, + ten = WU. om c-Si fom prem) k= Se [tom P + bam fo. terms, — tame} ee Se ios wy tom p~ tomers | u 4 ge + Xf, (oom fa tart)a= £4 ME Cement) é aw NE sorte Ra 2 Spee C . ) tem Bo = ban % (ea \ 50% Reooton. ‘& 4 = Po Useeq, = G8 fa Mee OE ‘ Ne Ver, . as Ossor) = GS @?) Ve Lae ie / Ag Nig = Wy '@ eduation to be Roemembeced > OM w=. =u @® Va =VFs ave & Va] stage = UNE Cram p,— tam Ba ) R= i a) ©) pow S07 Reaerion B a o AEE vrowwL A Ao Stage Axiat favo Compressoy provides Gm veo preceure Tato of 5 Oth am overall sean OR chewey f ezy.~ Tre tome: of air ivlet fs a5 + The work Re equal, divided betweem att Stergeg> A oor Reao tion ne wea wah: @ blade speed of Z1oM/see. arnd omlot : vee hy of fio 1A%O W)see Firs ta bade amgre a poet ama exits T> APBAISs : ; Poa 10: F Yicornswoele Sey: ue Bio Mfsee dala au e vec ito T].se0>- ; c c t ‘ ‘ ‘ « - ¢ Ths ¢ TH : H 2 6) a 1 # agg [Tas = 956-11) SHS) ees saa Ins Io—T O8F= 4501 —Bee u wes = es. [fa = 271 how Wa Ce (to—t) y-on5 ( 481-266 — 288) ur - 194-2 kal By] wt Wicpagn = ADS: = 49040 bole ee Irs wfcenge = Vg ( ton fr tm Ba) Teen » §9°42 = 210% Ito (tem fr tom pa ) tam p, - tom Bs = 9: S44- = —- —— @ R= Me ( tevn p> bom fo ) au 3 = SE (tam Bi-Ham ps) Nd CS ae bam pit tan fo ALO... tein p, + tom BH alto e Pa taro pg, -+-tem Pa = 1-235 ————_) sa) Revue 62. Inn axial frou alt cusnprestar of oy. Reaetom hag bitdes with met and OWwttet of 45° amd Lo” Rogpeetiveby: Combretay isto produce aro 1 Pregeure yatio of 4° wlthan sven icomtropte efticiemey oP eS % The Qntet tempts Qe. The biade Speed iS G00 m/sec: Thom fined +e nium ber of stogeh>¢ Ra A > paz 29 , ees ot x y= 85% > O-kS 24384 34 BLOR ee shee iy Tos * Ts (6) a i pis = SIT Silo TT. — 310 [ee ssaek a = ep Cta-1) 7 serk WT Pace = 1-005 (553-@* S10) We = aa's kop KE * por = teen py temp) ti /srage ~ unp ( Pp ) 1 w= YE (ton tent) i ne ck wane (tomas? + tam ao”) VE = 14 t0/ sec] iN °_ Jan so dogo = gn Kido ( tends ps Ao00t of stoke = wy “3 Aas Wfewge : 39-095 (Wafaey = 2 = SSE) Im So% eee oe pressure Cation of £ atin aix mteripg «#2 ofc. ne & vencmty if Je -nlses Mom of THOviee blade ose 45° And Lo” “Te. srntek arod OX ame no- of Stese equal 12, FOF a 50% Reseesion fiqvd orn ongtal Fipty ComoPTess The ) eae Pata? eFRrciOney of A Copnpecaawt - pwiSe ey, Sah ee Th Bs 295 ~ ‘Ios = 498-86 Kk = Quosnsec i= Aso Ve Eee : i =O S8SFE A i Be Ch * ton tr) ! oe Lc ‘i 5 > aoa [ bonase tonad’] ? VER be VEX blag 40 Vf-= sF0 (eee 3 W[ssege. a uy, ue = Qeoxlto ee Yew ye") } ab ae here eek Mowe = 2EMIR = S36 “evtat= Cp C12 —Tr ) r 33h hoes (ta 243) Pom ea teSTEAL TURBLNESES Tre SP Tm gepuse Teg hine the fluid enites @ WL tanome a tughme Htode , t kinetic MERAY is used To Sasleleorsy Pewesg. ‘ me, Leval fsa Simple smpulse Tuebin x @ 4 Riynroond ctreesten E a Tytet ‘ a amye “ . t wo ‘ 9 @ Abeons Vaineliy @ xy = Nozzle eye < es a Ba oe Eefrssass abceetion © CUTE) We Me, Wi Veata, 7 ana © Gray St Be See) ‘a we Pu, -—)] 4 . os = Wu, Hun) U Le Ge PAE Yon tag A “a> ego = ficient: SS oe 4 er le : . = Clode f-ficicrny, : »@ Hy 2 ( Vorr ven u ‘ u qGg condttion for tox: EFT CeNty > ( Diagrrasn oe Blade offic a > '@ the Blade aye assumed to be Symmetrical ME- Vicie Q) The tow is asgumed to be Frictenlese he. My= Ve Ve= VP Vin = BX Nes, Mog = Vey 68 Fg — Ving = Vy Gre By — Nis, = (Yup WY, Vs = Voy — 24 D> Moy = Wess —AU = 2 [vi eee, + i ose -auyu Nio= - & Pasian - aupu 7 wi? P= Clade SPeet= Ae Us _ tote a . = ois = ag > [P= SET] Biade stocs a ‘at Sena PLB batv nays where &, > Nozzle ame st ae i = 7 Cas7ey eh Too an \s re =f temuy uf? am SMVPULEL ve Tasbine - This emnation ic Frtctiontese A 5 compound An Purse Turbine rurbine che Steam entees tne urmbine OF Im stean ? or a pressure of about fo boy Amd Leanes Ot a Cansent Une HALO Bahoute ~resgune of about 0° 035 bor thus ne Press: fgo0 - sf Steam is allowed to empamd In a a stage Hue Roter speed ane very Wen (bout Qoo00 shin) tne speads mutt be timited Omd to Reduce tne Rotey speed femmpoundiye 7s Us pressure Compound Valid When me blade are syrmoedical Cun ide ‘ Presguxe CesesyPoLundig fo Srccemy ere CRok ean Turbine} Noe ating blasts nym | > yet 2 ‘ N ET el a Solet—> vowels 2 velocity Companies > Cevrtis -rurrbime) < Granmvle Ory veo cy Cen ooundrg veL ey im Fixed Blode silerhaty eowecaseg,Sa grein bok 2 ON) Ween Fe tC V-¥) fr = ' } Fe wh (y-09 Fen Cu © vey) J pares) & ising forte PEW oo an Ivf YP | s [= “ Sy Blade Velmtny Groping ¥ = 6D Tre velocity of sreatn , teassing Aya (Nozee of am gape turbine 1S goo sfseo, and Nozzle ange a o wm Blade wvetocity ts goom}sec (uy - ond Blade see coefticiema P¢ OF Catouuple for 2 more Frow Wate 1 vey}eee orn Ssynmesheie Broding+ @® Blade amge at ink @ pines Loe on Whoek oS @ pxial “trust Z (JER ® pomar developed: ee & Dia gran -efticiemey: eg ee \e Te ee un, ——— e wes Fe 4, = Goo tAlger wy = 20° = 200 -tfee K=O} es wi = Lg]s fin Pe CeTTETRYMur = Mi gen Vor, = 9 G8 Qo” Ves) = 848-4 on) aco VE,= Musing) Gow Sin 20° ‘ BoF-8 wsec : = 438-S GS 29-4°— Boo \Von = #2 ~9[see | wriving force 9 = vh (vet Yond = sx 845°F +27) PF = Ss a7 en sin 62.= NP. Vern L: NV. sin 29-4 = fa o 42e 5 ton BP; ‘ tom ‘ sho = ‘ : ‘ sim Du = (a6 Sulte J x ¢ iar = Nor eae ss Oa aes i = Paes A-3ZB.5..m] See]... ef 4 Mog = Vi CS fa / ‘ € is a= BIS 4g meee ¢wrest = 60 Vy—Vh5) = 1 (20F%- 216. a6) = 32-34 N np ( Nort Yun) forse cevetrped (p) = AX G4 F+ BB) A4B00 3 2 (Muy Mad) UW A = 0 e > O-6sF . wim fends La i Q( 31s 4 +27] Kee aC pn ae peog.@) The first stop of a tumbine Pc a to Row weecty ail ule tursbin? qThg vewerty of Steam of xt blade Gsenpounded Sen?! e gatek es Covttset » The bade speed is x90 -soJsea~ TH vreuserty crepticiont te 0-9 Fou an blast The Nozzle fers Pisce Row noe otades , fixes Pow of anoving blade Ore 0. 21" amd Eo Rapentivel4: caseuiare (1) Blade anlet ampue for 220 Sass ing force om each Rows roving ies bane Pause Blade Finny rare of 4. leg )sece : meu! > Por St Rae » =. Ke irs Fs arene Ree gt Row Many Driving Ferre or 3 ji F392 6385 pee? Dep a F=990-236 eget a= 099% 27 Raw m8> 09 u geeQW Keae non Tusbine ap + — Hy caad WP” Weaesin TuNNiha! tee RHuRR, aetaen Kinetic cunt precsune emesgy therefore dhipub exe €quat te ae eee x * 2 Van N SN PUY emempyy (one = » Views . : a wh Mow ephiciency of parsons Readton Twsbine 2GoAR f— Wj - Se ba Stayt) Me a { \ ake | : Wee Koy tvwn) u Yq = Suter Sus bi Po put Nr Co Ry MPS Na? We? 2 2s ee eee — * ~onpuk ie reseller Peey vi BE] xe _ Renee a8 Prom A QD BD= ADL Agr Bi? = hope Be? = Avtep)* + ~pr Bc = Av*+ co™+ SADE Dy Apr Ber = EP4en'+9AD.cp Wes WP EUSE 2 bn Ujer its WEE @ CM tater, ~UJteWW Go Y= WY UL ‘ 2 _ aU (oR) u Lin se, ’ 2 [P v [oaiase Peed Watt c i ud] J UV). Cece) § pr] 1— p24 P+ 9Parsen_)fon ennye. eftciomy 9, ST = dy 7 C de | Pr 2p ws al o- aPro men} o == 27 awe, =o pS ey 21) ae [ 2 crs, (r8eti— Coen, [bp « z CoS 285 SW ee eae pen |g cae knoye rey note 2 Mth Ving = Eee Watt =e ee N Reacher Tusbime emthatpy cate ree is CQuak 0 Va Vig® = © . ei 22 Giese Ghent Ab hm st Ah = Ahhm 4nf = Q4hm— she Rht — Se the e 2 8 & & &Bhe = Ahm t+ Abe any = Abr + Ahn) Roce 5 ON vn ) = 2Ahm = Web—va ‘ ee De where n> HebNef Blade, SEN OD : pee@M AS ofa steam tbwebine With Parsons Blading , a detivers a ary. Sotwroted. Steam at AT ban from 4am amd bee Ovi brade eprom {Ss Pa= 20 The fiow Component Jf” veloctty fe 34th Blade Velocity, © (p= $u)> Stearn je Supplied at Pee ote of G goon edbn The 2fheotof Blase turckners Con be i Coiciste QD fotationes creat QW): i ® power developed, ‘ © Blade epit Orgbe= ory Go = 20° oy sine, = Ser Ny VE Vi Sime) VE = Jo sin 20° Vf) = Bo: 4S m/seor VEe 3 is me te 30° Fe Ban 7 «= 41-04 wlsec ed ere 60 GZ w= Tt DH VE A avs Jom _ sry 40x 162% 20° Zh — AR 6 66RE Ws JIT-DN a Go A104 = Few O-422XN roeond see [N= 1813 Ww] ) poner devetisped 3 — Vir Mun = Urea. coe By Mur = Cv, 68 Ba — Vow = Vi CoS, — a = Ven —& = @4-84~ 41- 0%pe [vo Xion |X € 4-St—+a ¢ « —— 7 ae | 4 ey mij > VY = ( Org a SmnPut = .S O@ 3 v et A a ayrat = ( ( ~ anput = | ( Nab UE NI Quy 84) | Var = 41-042-¢ 90% AX 41-04% 9O'C"S 20° or ‘ Naa = 53.73 m]zeo Hees ¢ Soput = sO Ke Son “63° saa] ree, =e See Sntuk— 12-69 kw é = 24 _ y 5 c 9 jeg = CUO D9 -FeLY 3 © = Wy Vs? git « = WP — 53-37 , Ms qo? 53-20 ; Kh) = 6259 T/ KE et Ny ee 5-257- . : 6 ag Ko 9hb REHEAT E ACTORS KMD hd , by ck Bhat he = eh | 0 Ay = Ys, Abou ho. = Ney Abs Ahg = = Ne AVE» Ahss Anict aha Fh” =e, Cy cans, + Mg ANSoch Tey i ie Abe. = “jy [_ ahr tahsn + Aha © Aho = Ws [ahs Absa + ahes | “Aisa ii pi Sener aati i jeemira pre erntectey ot » of surimadion las i | SS eath stepfe yo bh WetEr oven all Lcenmovie derd ape eypley Ao P* eur evwwowes iwesw sTeam ctf 15 bo amd Bsc Is “2p Pamted Chrougt, Soy Reaction purine thors a Pretgure ef 0-14 howe Bor eenepiccioney ie 757 AA cath loge am! Reheat rox fe 1:04 The SyPomtion is carried Out Ty 20 Stogee wre LAL POST fe equal tO 12000 KW: Ceulcutete to fin . nine Bhat all Stares developed equal Look. Tn the ao mentimed About at 1 Cae staze tne presaume i 1 bar amd whe Steam is dry Sota | ; We ample of blade I¢ 20> ANd Biota Sis (pee : The. Bade vedi Pe 4, of dir of Blades Cok ‘ ® Blade diameyen amd Rotoy Sheed Cat aber days $ steam specific Volume = 4-694 TH] tee c be ai sed F steam assu Nand g 14 bow at Aho Lee) ! “Yo = Age : S = € owe = Aho : 3I4E— 2293 ‘ Aho = 666-9 Ks] hg« : i Ah/, = 666.9 MR. fete dee P= rw Te we kom re 6669 .- GO6T 5:30.95 heyy 0 Ty 12006 kw = YX 666-9 KS] 07 = APS tglsec,‘a, = Vuortrtn)X _ , {sroge SS 2 gees = (Mr Coteq NIORG —U) UW = 99-35 A100 = (Ur 8x, FV Ra, — OFM JOT = 25-2578 09D =CV1 Gr5 ah Vn Ox820"— O° FO Ni = F335} fer N=mPrYessi ble How GHss te > whem a frud he to zOmo Ye kmown O8 WAKO F oth \ M— = ho — : * / on YR® {rh alee |- Tos e KES (ao 1 (s® s ' 04 : : = i 2 \ LTE Fi o: (S: : [4 Bee mt |Tere ge UY Die tou steadily Thro ha PIG tr19 350 Kp, 60% Inlet Stake- BA cron PreswZune Gind 1B vo] sec At Maoh No: = 4 Tests 350k, -Firnd Femp. at Tle and Oubteb sof sTox ty Mie wis . Mr= 5 <= ee od Wwe tye Staimatton pr P= 350k Ti = 322k Ne 182 Ife a SRT. A182 Jia xt x aes rs tad “| q KOS weve Orr atatte pressure Gm Static The DuUbtet Conctition BRS EPG. Shegprote SHag-nadtory encnys act ® Poa = ARS B50 _ = STR 2 = TRI Wes" Ne ®. ANNOY P oe oy fe Anke (CPeorenitie fies) FANNDEIOS 2> Flow in Osnckenant amea pPpe “te, Lefction catPhout Heat stromifer ie Known of formo.d F400» > movernt (on =. or @ Continuity equation Steele PPM, = FALNo. 2] Are Ad [PM = Pe! a D mMormemtum -e ion: a » oy Facer = A, z B a hA-hA-FS Wy o20m “i ae Fra <= . Prec = Wh OU) 169 eS eX qy QueWf} (Mare) {cer Ps.) A pe wo (Va 1) Motientiun -eqrotton, @ Flesh Law of thermo cy © ss hte + 2h +X hat Yeig.18e | no heat once becouce fanyno’ foro. a IN Herizontal pipe work shamifer Tt ZeRD. ni PME = Vang op Mea = ae hoo CHT, = Tor p we [Tor = Tou} Css) cragnation Tempe Remains Constamé in farynoiw flow: @® second )aw of thermodynamics => . Te ah- Vip] » ® eEuation ofa State :> PV= RT Pp =m op RE. dh = Cpdt There ane sever unkrcen (PVT, P hi S, F F Jone therm one six CQuation amd hemce there ane infinite No: of Solutions: TF one fe Ramd om Temp. 16 aesune Gane Hore ae 6 UNIO Amd BPAE Ane E equatives Grad we Com Firrd GL tuesd UNKNOWN CoBTreePendh Mo that temps Gg ee Pyocess 8 Repeated Por sent Laem. Ann sittte « Be, diaaccerdry to Seton Kaw of Hrermodyndm7'es >O AS)mivense 79 0 Jonivere = s) Sys 7 x Deganvro enti r | Recause fanmnow flo ts Wyrevershs (Ae 2 >o aw So No heact Sheamefen ™ A ae vorrumaby Sot t29e7 Farmow flow is posstbte efther from Ate B OF CHR! hus Not fom BtoA ot Bto C- Because buts \io loved _Séeerd Law) af KherModynsamics > ¢ asa-® Ar fiow inan snsutated Pipe of F-16900 cra bee | stagnation prewure amd St Temp» at three aire & Jol kpa amd Q3'c Respectivtty: The Static preggure Joo © gniet jc O8-5 kPa at 4 Seetion G@ located at Sotve ; ietamce down Stream jn csnstamt area pipe phe *emP- 448 - find © Maks from Tote @) SPEEA) cane at Seas a @ ony. Pre om @ - « ® friction force 1 Soe jwau © and.@) qg- 5 =HRF GP, KOZEA® 292-2 GP. = ANGE tg] © so d= 7 lowe CB) ; ‘ C= é a: Pey= tot Kpa Tn > 28¥ pe ie Tor =296K- To = 296 Ke si P = 48-Skes . eh = Oa et eh Jor — (Por \ t fait (@) avs c 296 = (#84 Hach 1 Ses) + ¢ { Va. = Zeek € BP = ARTs ciNba xoeex 292-2 Vi = 64-9 m1} seo} ~no48 Fins Wete SSS ay PAIN oe neues = LOB TT (716x163)? x64-F Me = ME o-39¢= 2 See © Jianaegx 20% A84- 4F mf sea SiR = fi No, 116EX 64-9= KRABI O HE-5¢% 0: 224 X 2CT ae aad ¥ S\ pricttm force cm Fuo wat: G ans ey Cr- PR HR = HCV“) é v VER nag? & ee SR) [as-sxic®—ae-sex te? ] Cre x62) F os os x63 lisa Yea [F=2SQN_[ poo = Geroore 14 (3) 10 GP ye flow => ES Frow ™m cemstamt “amen pipe with heat Tramafer cofthouct Friction Ts Knol oF RAYEBH flow @ we LIONS. => © Continsity eauction 2 ANT = BR AeNe [PN = BNo © Momentum equation > pur =O in farvns fv Momentum ©qNn: (og-PayA = tH Ca) Q] Fist tow of ensrravdy namics -> ha ME OQ = hon + VED ee oe aed hoa +Q = Noo Q@ = hoa- Wor© |ah= CedT] qhoxt dime cevem unknown CPiv,S,T, WP, 9) amd six Caultiim. Therefore ture ave Infinite No: of otttory Let Ut atgume one Value uf emp nou tale ane six Unknoum amd Six CIuatisen amd Nemnte Find Hees Gy Voluod «if thie process 1S RePEOted fory obo “hernP Gind Plotted ov ‘Ts dlogrom We awe Th Resleigh yxo (ac) sapien + QS Yeurnniy 7° mal cm Royleith flow cg there issheat -trantfes tuerc 1° embry change fore surrounding Ord hence for deziding He diteoton of Fins Systexn onrtrory One Surroundiy campy Se GEE toute be tekken Tito ageount .trerefoye py Roy lek fiow the flow i's Possible efit from a tob ot bts a. or . Cisd be dtoc: £@ PRopeary veriatian im Roytelah Tags > a = Aa =A 5 whe BRINE = fal Ra Ve: = : (R-mA = HOI) oe ® ay) (Pi— Pa A = THN — "tN ny (h- PLA = Pa Ap\aNn = AWE Creme = KLaVE- Rv] py Po = BN = vir Py + PP = Pap Ait P+ Py2—» seopulse fumcnion Ge) Fr ao > om Rayleigh foes, ompetse fimtitin Reman Comgiant “ Se eoevvseege eC SCCCCECE PHU 1 OD uD G7 KP wrPRESSURE RMT R+AW= BA aes a R= ART. D f= By, g, Po . RT i \ : | = ote + Vo. Pt SNS Pahl e 0 *., : i. 4 ah © Ee 1 rr 1 oe aly UY 3 Pe ve | i [a vo Bae ali et - fui Ue Py ] a+ ae Pa [a+ ae Temperature Yatio => SiN1 = fq Nat i Na =a Fake “ meme Wa Hy ca Ma = 3 [78a Vi = 7R mer See! SATO ee oe Vo ——— 190 lafe 3 _ A, By = ——@ 1 i TF 2 ON ho for exyn @ ao @ MeL se To fie eS me Ih Ta Ms 2 Pe. fee $7) “Pla: 2 Sasa nee hats seers ese 5 Fewnreraturt Retin Me Ca fe ; 2 Cetra?) > Density RatioVetotaty Kato #Ni = PaNeo Me Px NY ci stagnation Te To. _ Tor. T2 TH : “SCOTTY tere Yen gy fo ya a” a iz LP? ( O- Tor gy Come D = i Tou on ) To i To T=) he fe aae ey e]) a+(me) 2D Alt fous with wegtigivie friction ina constant ama pipe = Seetion D tre ProfFerWer ane +,-60'°, Pi=IZ5 KPA, ‘ ‘= 732 mk Heat fe added loi Dons @ amd maz fo | a= ft fina Ps, b>, Vay fa, Heataddes GQ) chamge okgo as. e a 4 trop: Sketch tne process on T-2 ‘ ih : a T= 243 4+60=— 322 kb. Ma = 42 A= 3-4 8 Pi= 25kpa Ne = 732 fi eo ms ‘ WYRH : Bis paige sige 34,7 2Pe ART = Pry 27K 339 lhe Lats Fp?) Mat (abet 19) Se S22 ie) Le (pat) P= SAGA paleo set Ame LAN MSY ata a2 AA aye pa Pp. = 295. 42 RPA ta, Qaeda Po . Ty CIA page Mm or, Zz TE ce wei) ae 334 DA AK 2m No" Mah Caatrnp) VN MP Gating) Vi nah (Cd band) 2 (at raX ad)Q = Ce CT. — To.) [@= 140-6 RTF tds = dh — dp ae div-g — a8 = © x ay = a : ds = os a Sap So-Si = Cp 4m B — gAm Pr Ty Bs S2-S, = 1-0 See 1 2-005 Ln ae Sq-S, = 0: 222 ko] 144 kK Q= pres (saa ~ 599 4)e > AD NORMAL SHULK WAVES a y These one has irevecsinie dis Continuity form ty sepcssonkc flows » the Phickness oP shack Wave? is around 0-2 tq ( 02K 12 Chock worse, ane fosm fh a fosters Tanner qaor As the burceners of Shock wanes Te very smal) Fave teary F=0 @ Governing equation for Swocts WANe © eonsineley equadion > [fi i= V2} a @ MOwWenturm Cg > = a 7 Thera Hence ae (PP) A= TAO Howmet simak chat » \ , ® FInst kaw of thormodynam!c ~~ = ks fr ) hit WES vt ; stopnolion emtnalry at sregeaien onineley thax = aoa) ws Cp Ton. " ettn tite of sharwawe CpTos ier perigee = (OG. Fe Fe | yor Sragmation ‘Temp: Remain! cmatant before and afiemn te - [dh= Cpdt : ) : ae The Nov? Umimnoum ane six) _arnd no: oP etuatiirn ons ( Z crn hence thene Iga UNTquL. Solution: > @ Property varviatign in shack Waves =>. @ Temperature pattie > (Ta = a) Te Te en — = + Tor Th co i eaNa Cy SivlloectyeS RE RONDE fram the Moment ditrivet 0% Py iP wa Newmot \ - =o ne es 2s fen Ro F#O ees G=0 gO UEwewial shock wane Cnt hemee 9 Swot SY Roy fateh lows. MUR SONS fer farm ttd Ye ON fre yee tue kmnou acd Piz PRT Po = RT PR Te: RN fo A. te eS OU) ita Pressune TORO Cun alto be betray %e eee efer Revyl ow een ( *refan flow) Srmaey toereaser me thin monAPE Woe Sw WeVes 4 HME TW ChamyZe tem ‘ poets : XO SUbSOW ACs vantation of Proper tes eragration Temp. Remotns Conttans i To. “Yoo | J 2 s Te rcresse “Tr Stale TERVO- canatc Pressure Ts tocreaes TT : 8 pecrease IN VeLaetty (@-P)A= BO,-v,) @ me Shee Par Pr ‘@ uae Ve = Ng oNe Cre Vis PNR um’ revocity ebocity dee - Va= wht a. Yeo= S ea rom : Vi MU AER T| mye | PER . ae ere ye ae: wy Ti my ei ale ; pemsity fs newesse > AV = fv% NOZZLE Ard DIFFUSER device whith ts used for increasing verity moze 15.4 f prescusre ements C pore source trnesgpyctec tose ft bao @ePemse me Pressure 2 Hk Sehewe aiffuses Ts used for Fncreost of kinerfe emengyy- Cveuactty deererte Appitcalion of Nozzles? : . Cemnpre Soot (28 Siem epys where C9 comle vrenoctty me voloctty of Sousnd- mach w ma Mv - o a M<4 > subsonic - \ 69) M=L > Sonic ae ; Mm >. => Supersonic: 1s worcte flow prays Sea. i csoptions: = 1. STeady flow * pi ftuses Cree USOd in Corn tii Fusod q , , 2 ome dimensional. fidv 5 % dsenhopic f10l- 5 PAV = Cernldnd | Condinulty equation 2 AP-AV-+ PY-dA-t PAN =O : ap Av-+ Pvda + pAdy _ _© 5 PAV : PAV es P dp, da. dv : Jor Bewnoutties Ona eulewes equation, ae hase = oP valk adz = 0 - Ee wD EY3 TE PyEssure energi Clempes megugible peo Roaree 88a wiv =O x< @P =-vdv ¢ as : a2 ay ae= -fv YS C poe A A ap _ dv da. a Hh ae, 22 o Bo $+ “4 a = Pp ; aoe =e {1- ae | : ee dp ‘ ae fae a) « = Foye c2 ‘ de 2 is ae fae] 7 © x 4 ‘ nozzle dy 7S oswosy poettive « a Coss - mes ( Subcomic) ‘ sé da To . 3 Pee ne _ SAM A ai ms i ; ; « da ve Cregatne) Lonven ging Novae 5 e- amen Fo cocoate,ie I Mp. (Super seme) fh erat = ve Cposttive 5 A ‘ id ) ie. accen Te Tnevea sing: cast Me 5 = Convert md — Divergend plorzie Met. ae is ap viffusec> (sonic ) aA = 0. dv oe = Cnr, Sy Fow diffuser (dv is alwags “ megodive Gre) ) Gy Cond When mats (Gubconic ) ah. ive Taek . - 2 » « "i “hes area is increasing a When m>1 © Supersonic) = coe ( ee rive - a ear be. -Pecea is decreasing « R = Coe-O) when m=1 ( Sonfe) ‘ me) 7 ' Na me & = Conner geme — Diver geme AT RegerDT RANERSUDUE CEL AHLATC c ——— pvt= Kk > Conetant: P_—p ny I ~ Pi =e eee = M5 x 4 zs, beeaute 5 N f = “ PHfRT rer ra (PQ xx Nozzle > —— 2s int VE 4 QMS bat tpt OK 2 ac bit We = ete a Nr SS Nee 2 hia ay => mh = we a 2 = fOr) ve = [Pep CHD “, =fpon G-B) for Tact got my _ (MG = Po w= Jjaeufe Gd@ cAitieat presouce satin : > ae ie 06) Maw fam Os (ey9 a 73) vi = ima fron CR) YL (BY J on bom[C@y (@yF] “Fos (OK Mase fipes Core Pere unlit ore: 2 ale) =0 - SRY " : & ob a a ase = —— nae ae AoE ay Mey a HE oe myst ee Oe be “ey a @ 9 2. eS —cRAK cat tical Pressume vetio wih be mosimum, when As is Mintmum « Ge: gris AS occurs at MWe +thnvat seetion: ase =t Ri feel) (FY Pa py = 0528 ee SU ptc- IF Super heaicd steam e¢Ppand thom N=L3 a (Gao ie = 6s : 3. or 64s Bee caxr-@ TE wer steam eum He ans" Ki Pa 1 2 2S Pa (Ge a ee Gg ae eee er 3B CHOkED, flow FoR MOZZLES > DOWN STREAMChocked Frou =a { SS ee os OF ersry 1 Pa . PE onimum mage fiow ites pective GP press z s 2 GS Choctked F100). - ee el i +) 23 ; cv 3 CW i m1 Lf \ Bi 3 CRY Me L a= IE once the Critvcal Condition ave veacned evem by tecses the pressure there eth mot be any Change mM mare flow cScike,, Be couse disturbance. eailt Mot -.PxD Pogate. i Upsirea o larvection amd hemce there wilt Mot be ang cha ay , Male fiow woke , once Crittoy Comditton ane yeacked. ono Afiuid Ot 69 bor Game 99% enmnier a Comveng Ont Nozze wrth ni bie weLoc! Oma Sepand sem i ito a Space ef So eee Mare frioo oe o ef omit aver - @ whem fluld 7s He (Heuwmy Ceo= 519 teslig-k 5 mote cuterr onepiet = @ when fuld is ethame Cp = ESE Hof rye molecular Condy et =so Ageume perfeer gae behaviour mM both Cage tsaw case 4 Critical Prescure Pa = 3:35 bor ‘ cxiticol Condiiton ane not Feaehed ama hence te Aow 6 ic necmod fio - 7 Be} = Pa Aa Ve ae a = fpVo but hee yp ee a Baro Pi eacn) M2= 2o00 € hy —ho) =Jaev0 cots (1- (82) J _ 7" a tg) . 1 OCB v2 = |fooox S:19% Bee [1 ( 48) reer vw — 022.2 Ie) anp an Gi nite TOF SRUP fexst sPan cheek CriHeat t= S Gtr 7 PYERUNT” A. x \ eC Pa (2-) ou \ PB Gyan : 3) . FR . bur ao FH vale = 2-048 i f : o 5° Say) MOY ore ‘ Wel : > Y=L6ee a a eee o Px Qs pL Sa es ae) im Gs : Pa = 486 : fi Pa = 0-486 ; 69 en Roose ec As the Ot Prewune fs gqireater shan eriticl preetune.o’ ‘Pay pi) ¥ 166R-! > et Bei =a) 1668 But Pa= PaR Tr 3:6 K lao f= 2 = Se Bike 2-048 K 2820 9, = 06140 Kg}? 1 ono area = O614% 933-8 = S4m 4 vglsime Come Cheek fox critical Preseun€ CFF B> Ge Re Re BSA 15 0.248 Bea eS. , af ae co= TE 3 pee = rons Yet = bhles p a cas tas Be ee i lecracek bisl "= 0-569 . Crridicod Prevune P= O569X6G © fre tue exit Presoure fs leg’ than calticol pressure . crincat Comdition Grre epeathed amd hemce the ey a at He NOeUe Vs S93: bow, yo! of “2. Sis: nes) % 5 T= 3661 Roa here= a. XUAN RE ( > { (Fa) earn ot Jobor ond 250°C ene 4 Nozze amd ( qed ata prestune oP 2 how Cwek csmiitin) Aninaty ee in superheated Stete , find tue Final versecty< P seeacn neegtenti jnitiatey Velaeitsyy amd Assume tre Flew = 1994 eg /s ioe she isemnspPtc: AL 4n bow , 250°C h= 2943 kolhg g= 6926 kel Rgok fa 2 bere hg = so4-% KO1KE hag Laa0-6 5 "tsar = 126° De, Spe ass? heaf tages. \s4 a re 294s Kelty S) = 6-926 Bean als aoni np we nhq Gia So = 6926 . . bot sa= Sf+ % Stq but Shq— FE D906 b= y= 4 Sanus en S = S84 eXS-599 = Hane 6926 = 1S2&+2Xx5-50g A= 0.963 has S04-% -+ 0.963 % 2201-6 r Eaashe Ve = [Streets =hay Va = [2000 (294%- 2698) «[Na- 195: 33 mls Ayras A Nozzle of am impute wrbine of amw of ¢ has steam emiening at Zobar, Bo0% ¢€ Super heated State fei. ond Sleam Comgumbtion is 8 kg kwh + steam Leaves ot 0-9 gi, Yair ama 107 ef head “crap 1s dbeee- I, overs Canis ric aier EC mh diverging powtln of nozete- © treat dia- if’ eae, y nozzle iS fein ~ find = (@ no0P Nozzles Tequined- S; 6 ExMik dias of eae nozzle , take N=13- S Ara Vo Gut P ™ ios 4 : ; Du ~) ' “i mw Pa™2 Vo. ¢ hy = mt vr ‘ > Fav ‘ [Bevo CHD = a. = « [Row RE Sis 2o8mis ce = (eae maa Lx Bylo)? xs32-9 is Poy © m = 01209 tg [see cet nic. of Nozzteg — ‘Totol Mase Grows rote ‘ gr ats ime mane flow Braoigh 20 Ae, Nozio aes ee 2-22 naa! be SS 0-209 ( a ‘ = I nozy tes € « « a 4 4[ fo pik Claverton 3 Paani Rava Va en = but Ma 0-209 , Veo #2 os Ne bat ee > ee fe i ha) hi-hgs = Pot- 142 = 665 Ir begs ba han = -O-9Cha-hasS= OG KebS ‘ bavba = $98-6 trl hg Shy hg = Chima) Chaba) C2) = 14a S98 Sai =y) hi- "2 = T40-s Kol ty V3 = [ove XK 0-5 Vg = 1216-9 -mlg AH = f Aa V2 0-209.=- Da = 0-03.96 ™ [Ba = age cro] Rigs fos 6 : } v uv 2 ’ Bd »® > 5 83 joc / Meta Stole how IN +eam NOTE \e GupersnnanTe a e — — s c h ° : ‘ 1 t ~ KS : 2 le2 : / \ / 2a = 2 2T ae f S am steam Nozzle AS Steam exppomnd from Super heated Comettiton ( tenaansation Showud Pag Mc! Th creates Soduyotion Vapouw ¢ stecte, - But due to veiny high sroneitieg Steam aoed at uncer ¢ “emdemsation ~ and Coridienrdationn 1s delayed: awis type of Frow ts: known 25 qupers cotumored Fro re nesestabie fow 10 Hozed- : @® cear of super sosmates {2,8 @ Reduction in seocitic Voluine @ recwoase in Emtholpy se @ vecresse in exit weatncity (bud Wineue = We — We 7 - 0 | pa\yP Wl as a == ig. a Pvt ¢ BY apa bier “as aL ( PaNa~ Pana)Davy TD paw ao - ae oC Pave ) As > Pays" = Pave a (RE) mT Na We = xs mae CHD" m4 = Bow [Ry Toth vine = =m Pp. Cueva) 2B ™ Mn tm \ < > Y Ye Pee este.e Are ARAAR Tae te e090nole pale .eanomce Volume yo no epfent OT Work Sivur Ht rw uel © Mon, ey whene C— chearomce factor = Ne CorePeseon SF a caving Coservprregeion SO8K 7 Pe > h=T — on : : coroaition fox coin. uals gneut_ysttn: PerisSt SSS cooling > pay et ; . ie | CA oa Ga z= Py (( Win = yey PEMD { ? gut for per foot Inter cooring pat Penne: ; wal Sg ee =m (4) tu For WAN taurk SNP pr= re Pr i VRP 8 fe on Pr =Ps Va. Pr SPP a. ovexau Ratty = . 3 nt pressure ReuttO = (Pressure reat i aah Stok? ) versal where NS No of Steels ‘ : For Per feet nvemcentieg itt miavinnum CoPtinusn) toork “Qnput the Pressure esatto in Cath ste Ps yme amd work gnput in each Stage is move: Total WOTK Input [Wr = NY Heaet [air = NY Menus | ree 86 ) } 3 a | \ Mass emiest = My : £ \ = Mo-™ ‘ | a - ees Ae OMI 2 is 4 : hoe mete eee r : = Z iM VAR emioning = mos aaativg- ‘ Because dusring as Omd @pPamsion MU Mars ¢ is emniesing OF Sean i ® Free AIR DELLVERY (gap) cd The. Volume that Te Abiivereds pce. Cz Va ihe avin +o abet preacure 15° temp: fe Known of free or doriveny- Pp. ee. B+ Mavs =e PFPs (var Vg) = HRT ; Pe ve = THARTE b ons Weak Ma- Va) om = PRYE , Rg > or — ERD y fsemirys py Cv -va) = MRT cn pce emey LPs Cae US) Sy RT > ox@® nerenmime” tet entintinum No» OP Stegod Remrirdel [7 OM » pL ook eeapressot, vinich takes ols at a bor, ae amd deter eek ¥ 80 baw. The Maps discharge emp. ic Limited +o L50°%C Mp Cemeides the "index of poryshopic Comptessdon Os 225° aon be perfeet Gnd OPVi9um inten cooing im bh Ste.ges ‘Ty = AtSALFR 30% psi Px= tbo = Loo KPA = Po = 180 baw = 48000 ka To = D434 $0 = 428s S Ty = Book, Ta 2 429 =1¢ : pverrall Pressure Fah oe 182 > a0 & ma c es % b ee tee & pee Lae 5 (Ps; al oor hone yo wb re r : iene Lanantiad s jepa’ ama 20" 1 ‘ emt OF t , * $3420 st ; M4 L= O34 N op hen PK 101 kepa ‘ v4 2 2418 se . 0-08 = A i Bae Na Py t O-0F ) BEC 3 o-t ( VpQieva) po( Vac Vad oe 7 ie 19 ar ur Toy Ne Nike en tee ys prt 2 O86 = ee 4 {o2y KOs Neve = ES seo? 00? oy OF KCB “303 _ Loe ne HUNG i 2 sapere GO NTE eat Jeyete sthis. 1s ne free aire Gene pox Cyne poe = 27" veste fevine = ER ‘ . : VE = P62%K to YY goo euyete aie wn fees D@. met WoT yn We aac PCr va) caf my i 5 | B » Be ee = 23 Kar (e918 \ Ce se toons iG eae w = bends so eyere rain w= “ees tes} on SuvesooveSe “A JD StH Corpvessoy Colby perfect ime coolivey AOuivert S ¥alenin Pale at 1 bor . The Frate CondéHon ane yhay amd BOOK. N= hg the Cateulagde Poloew yequired | cotrermal epblttemey , heat srramsferred iM each cylinder eed alfo heat chamsfer jn Nvew Cooler x R= A bar = look ti a aeO ks P, = 26 baw 9 s } ) | er E-- = Sis OO as ( € C c ¢ € € C € ¢ € ¢ « ‘ ¢ re a = 13 x 2 * 0-287 Xai) aes | [= Ro] o1) ork SNPLA 1 TSOHORMAL PROCES‘ 1S THini Inte one Vem le Teotnen tt LIO8K * cpeotherenal eppicioncy = : Actual poor. V2 =F Pr moRT Un nui MRT, UA Py W isothexmal L) = Syoae7\% goo In(7 BY 0 AeF % jo (6) = —19.89 Fw WN Sexe tel =. ae Xoo = 65% — ~ {Sot heRmad a ‘Ta: Pa yy ae ma) n be 3a GC)? > jee eee put Tpr= Tr= Sook Q= Bx s008 ( 4121- Geo) 0Pa = sen wv : Pa = 4 Ta BOOK Tas ein Cc») Ww = — 1-H Ia3[See. hy + we tay +8 = hat “ge + geet w hit = hatw Q ha— hi tw A =MCha-hi)tw Q Ce CTa Th) -+ Ww Sx 1005 (4134-300) + Cir 7) Rens: + C%eee ee ee GD patnciple of Roratheg § sncuehinn otorr at a todivs ty, thor er tue fiuld emiers the nc arose oP ameulor momentum or Friet is TA NUH % > where Nur fo Whit Crmponenk os tan Hol Corenipornerdt of abgolute vetachty ad Inlet Sientlarhy, if the Fruit eowes the rotor at 9 wadlus Ga them "rote of angular Toennndu ab exit ic "CAN ax To Rote of chamge of ne Prioxne mst uv = MNun = PVwy Bur we kro taat nore of ebatrse of omgutare fhomenctiomn _ eh = T = Tortue Sp eum To Powes = TXW pet p= [vo GW Wun ee lp a “a fae voy | i enters eaiiaon ae a arvedPum Muna te. = THE Er) iby “ein win. uo} Fone Teton ‘Turcloine uke emocey is tramefornecd From fluid to “sotdy, beer qe dewtce is tusbine S » when emacs ic Peamefenred fror soto to fits > prom ee dbyite iS Compressor oF Pump B ye Tre- @ CoTMTtugal Compressos wv eincine sf _opes tion of conrhifuant Compressor = \ CoNmrTfgged Compressoy, te Fluld exmiers agtiatty oF Tmpeney Amd Leaner rradratly ak bee «CO ney when the Auda moves mrad tally AUXLWONTS whe mre pusoy force the Pressure Triemeater + alto Cimparnts Kinetic Emer Ezy bo tne fluid ame « ence wee Erald Leones He Impeller at Wigh Kinetic amd Wgjh Pressure emengy The Ful after et ‘ ae Wmpeuer Smrntens diftuser , Where kee: vw field 18 Mnto Prescare emengy “Thug tag Fluid Leanes | press ure - 3 sen onvert® TIP OF imbe tor § 2x8 of fenpotior iffuser_ y o S ad if Roar Blade Baekunid ‘ange bac aa ‘a - G rs - V4 vo : ( ‘ ie cs « t a ¢ Pa = 30 « n r ¢\ Ly NULMIRY to 1 W@ power an put for Radial Clade dy Lid OW Cea ueiE ROR mtd P “8 [ uss tos Muy eT von But Vio, = 0 Pe nj [vo us) But Vwr=Uo wr fb tn comhifugal ComPrescor : 2% Due to Terta tre fluid Poatictes ame opeluctamty acroumd the blade Pogsage ond becasse oP these move » Bhene ts weduotion (1 Vooe Sifp = UgrVwo } stip. foster 0 = Nea } 5 - be po ™ [Wor a= Yon 41) fre godial lode vur=o = + us =e ye iB a [vee a} Put Muy = Oa re we le = me Uy | a powes Smput factor (Y) 5S tow 2 To account for Prictional LO&ceg Power gMPUe fartow Je iredueed amd Teie tne Warto of aetuct pomen sn ric fo tte trenrtico! Powen Os Pusee TE YEMS ANE MU Yrwen Hee HV_IEM Kuen are Wom UNEtTYy: USE OF SEEE IN Conmt {egal Comprye sot 2 LoRNAHTD, Stake > whem the fuctd fs brought to penn vouocrty TsemmrHyprcatty bem thot ‘tele -eathed TS Known oO stagnation Neate+ ‘i 2 Hu hi A S Tsenrhoric process ‘ : ‘ iQ 2 stagnation stede ‘ + Gr bw her = hea tw = ; We : Cas) : hos — hoo Ww=.- ( hoa— hes) : ‘ = hoa hor ¢ Wineut 0, ; : = Cp CToo- Tor) ; If Kinetic emergy is negueered wen Zi Wwinpus = hohe ( + f = Cp (h-h) : ¢ ‘" Tas —Ta 7 To — 1. eo Wwe KM + We -yus mo. \ T yous aod 5 / 12. we €pCIe-t) 3 Malteg. su f= MB PEMA oy ga 2 $ Spe se G! prewhia) im cer ( comprescot 2> fo Pediuce he TAALh No at Fhe inlet pre mhint ts ie Cran era. ay thie prewkir) ts tmemitoned Laity “pegpet omiot dtreetion: ie t prrevints] Ong ue Mi Mr Heme me pe , a fos Some Ue F BGR Rs Cf Inereaset Dp Na PROD: cy) : F A com: Crmpressor. hag om imPpetient dia of J o-S6n Ok tut Omnd rcumning at Foo Spm Aseume P-zernt whisl at met ond Tr=B9OF, Tas, Yel, md D pacer’ of? Compression is isem-hopic - Determine tne b Geosaune Motto doveLsped and SPeethic Work dnbut : yawre Cpo= 1905 Kor} tg-ik ren D2 05m , NE Ffoow thm, k=0, T SS90K , wat, Pot Ue = EDoNe = 183.25 mpcWe oY 1x) & (183-25) aassa J [sg [w = 33.584 ko [Fg] miso We Machi = Cp Cm-T) a3-604 = L005(To- 290) (ee ae | : ies (= = (=) foes G34) pa Precsune watro = 1°465 ( cl C c ‘ ¢ a) . Nas ) 28 peter minge the isempopic efficiency of) Come reaeor ahfch Under Fegd Sane fottowing nol N= lsoarbm, ¢ Tcate-= 2QFBIAA|Ig AWK, Precctine FOrlo = 4 qmeoves tp dia. Q= OFSM, Slip factor OF = 0:92 = Us = CDN _ PX OAS Ye H1SVO weoypub = Ve gue Ces 137690 THe = 184- 63 ko} kg Atso W= Ce Ca —-T1) 124-63 = 1:005(To~ 294) [Ta = 480-¢R ‘ t € « t € « « ¢ fe ( t t « x t « €Cp CTa-Ta) 1-005 (AG1-8— 290) W = F268 Ra] tes But algo We (Nuo5 Ua. — Ven, 9) But Vo. = T U2 1o3 X 14.9. 6ee = [oes xut— FOeK ME -Se] Us = B2SA-6 me f{ sr Us = 459-6} mole Bur Us = Osan 6s , <4 6000 4596 = AX MmxXAbooo 60 Do = 0 549™ P {iQ = 8 He dias (x= Seamm] Wns SA =o ee