Phn xng Naphtha Hydrotreating, U-012 (NHT)

I. TNG QUAN
Phn xng c thit k bi Nh bn quyn UOP, c cng sut thit k 23.500
BPSD.
Nguyn liu:
Nguyn liu:
( -H2 t U13 : 93.3%) (H2 c ly t Platforming unit, dng H2 trc
c a qua thit b hp ph = Al2O3 loi b Clo, sau c a qua my
nn, nn n p sut p ri i vo NHT reactor )

-naphta full range t U11 (maximum sulfur level content of 100 ppm wt ???)
p sut: 10.5 kg/cm2. Nhit 75oC

-trong TH shutdown unit 11, NHT c th ly nglieu t kho ch Tank

nh ngha:
NHT l 1 qu trnh ha hc, s dng xtac chn lc v dng H2 loi b cc hp
cht hu c cha : S,N,O trong hydrocacbon. (S H2S )
Ngoi ra cn c cc p lm no ha olefin, loi b kim loi.
Xc tc
Xc tc: (Co v/hoc Ni / Mo)/Al2O3 [UOP catalyst S-120]
Tng th tch xc tc trong NHT reactor l 18m3

-xc tc d b ng c bi cc cht nh: As, Pb,Ca,Na, Si,P (cc cht c tp trung

pha trn ca tng xc tc c nh)
Nu nguyn liu ch l Straight run naphta th thgian sng ca xtac l 4 nm

Sn phm
-make up gas
-off gas (H2S 1.2 %, H2 58%, H2O 0.7%) H2S a sang Gas plant ca RFCC
xly = amin ri tip tc c a n h thng refinery fuel gas
(trong trng hp k c Amin unit, off gas c a n Flare)

-Naphta full range (less than 0.5 wt ppm S

and less than 0.5 wt ppm N) ???
Light naphta

Heavy naptha
less than 0.5 wt ppm S
and less than 0.5 wt ppm N.
-sour water (c a n Sour water stripping unit U18)
Battery limit conditions cho sn phm

L thuyt qu trnh
As, Pb, S, gy ng c xtac ca CCR nn cn x l = NHT
S lm ng c tm thi xtac CCR, gy nh hng n sp CCR,tng lng cc
hthanh.
Olefin lng ln l tin t to cc
Oxi d to H2O tc ng n tnh axit ca xtac CCR
1. sulfur removal
SR trong hydrotreating l 1 qu trnh tng i d. hydrotreating naphta sulfur
phi duy tr lng S < 0.5 wt.ppm.
1 s p chnh ca SR:

Tuy nhin nhit cao, c th xy ra p ph ca olefin :

V vy nn vn hnh qu trnh 315-340 oC

2.nitrogen removal
Nitrogen removal l qu trnh kh hn so vs SR. hm lng N trong straight
naphta cng t hn so vs S. Tuy nhin vn phi m bo rng hlg Nito trong nglieu
n qu trnh Platforming phi < 0.5 wt.ppm . N trong nglieu khi vo Platforming
s p to thnh NH3 v sau k/hp vs Clo trong recyle gas to thnh NH4Cl.
NH3 lm mt tnh ax ca xtac trong Platforming.
1 s p chnh :

3. Oxygen removal
Oxi trong du thng tn ti cc hp cht nh phenol v ancol. Loi b Oxi = ct
t lkiet C-OH.

4. No ha olefin.
Nu nguyn liu Straight run naphta th olefin ch dng vt, cn nglieu t naphta
cracking th lng olefin rt cao.
1 s p chnh:

5. Halide removal
1 hp cht c cha halogen :

6.metal removal
Hu ht cc tp cht cha KL ch tn ti lng ppb trong naphta. Xtac ca UOP c
kh nng loi b nhng hp cht ny vi lng 5 wt.ppm hoc c th hn.

1 s KL trong naphta: As, Fe, Ca, Mg, P, Pb, Si, Cu, Na.
Fe thng tp trung phn nh ca lp xtac c nh, FeS (st sulfit).
As trong xng ch khong 1 wt.ppb tuy nhin n l nhn t quan trng gy ra ng
c Pt trong xtac Platforming.
Na, Ca, Mg cng xut hin trong naphta do qu trnh desalter.

DESCRIPTION OF FLOW
A. REACTOR SECTION
1. Feed System
Nglieu ly t CDU, c a vo Feed Surge Drum D-1201 , y nc ra c
thm vo loi b 1 lng nc c trong dng nguyn liu u vo.
p sut ca D-1201 c iu khin bng 2 dng: Fuel gas v relief header. Khi p
sut thp, dng Fuel gas c thm vo iu chnh valve 012-PV-001A . Khi p
sut qu cao, dng Fuel gas s ng v relief header s m. Nu p sut u n,
c 2 valve u ng.
(Feed t CDU i thng n NHT unit m khng cn iu chnh D-1201)
Charge Pumps P-1201 A/B bm vo nglieu u 1 hp cht sunfit (ging CCR)
sunfide ha xtac trong sut thi gian startup ban u. Lng sunfide c bm vo
c duy tr di 15ppm. N gi cho xtac hng ti u.
2. Reactor System
Naphta nguyn liu c trn vi dng kh giu H2 v i vo thit b combined feed
exchanger E-1201 . Dng nglieu ra khi TB exchanger dng hi (khong 290 oC)
sau i qua Charge heater nng nhit ti nhit p ( 340oC) sau i vo
reactor.
Nguyn liu i qua lp xc tc c nh, i t trn xung di. C 1 s thay i nh
v nhit qua lp xtac c nh. Sn phm ra khi reactor bao gm: sp desulfur,

kh giu H2, H2S v NH3 c lm lnh khi qua combined feed exchangers E-1201
(trao i nhit vs dng nglieu ban u) sau c lm lnh = product condenser E1202A/B.
1 lng nc ra cng c bm vo ha tan HCl ngn chn s to mui trong
ng ng cng nh trong TB ngng.
3. Wash Water System
4. Separator System (D-1203)
5. Recycle Gas
The Recycle Compressor Suction Drum bao gm lp sng, nhm tch lng, kh sau
khi c tch ra i vo my nn compressors C-1201 A/B. Sau c a quay tr li
trn vi dng naphta nguyn liu.

B. FRACTIONATION SECTION
1. Stripper Section (T-1201)
Dng feed i t reactor sang cn phn tch thnh nhng sp nh kh nh, LPG,
Light naphta, heavy naphta.
Dng feed t Separator D-1203 (01) sang (04) c trao i nhit vi cc dng n
nhit 165oC ri i vo a s 6 ca Stripper-T 1201. (thp 25 a).
Cn cung cp nhit cn thit khi vo Naphta stripper cn t nhit ti u
thc hin qu trnh tch: H2 ha tan, H2S, hi nc vo RH nh i ra nh.
(A reflux / feed ratio of approximately 0.25 is sufficient to strip the light ends
and water from the tower.)
(Injection of corrosion inhibitor is done into the overhead vapor line at the top of
the stripper, to prevent the corrosion of the process lines and equipment by
hydrogen sulfide in the overhead vapor.)

2.Naphtha Splitter Section (T-1202)

Dng nguyn liu Naphta Splitter c trao i nhit ti Stripper Feed-Bottoms
Exchanger E-1207A/B trc khi i vo thp a s 25 (trn tng s 52 a).
Sn phm nh c lm mt bng kk nh thit b condenser E-1212, trc khi c
a ti Naphtha splitter receiver D-1210. Ti y, RH lng c bm nh
Receiver by the Overhead Pumps P-1214A/B ,sau c chia thnh 2 dng:
- Hi lu quay tr li
- Dng naphta x l c a ti phn xng Isome
im ct gia 2 phn nh v nng naphta c thc hin bi iu chnh nhit ti
14 ca thp.
Sn phm naphta nng c bm ti Naphtha Splitter Bottoms pumps P-1213 A/B c
chia thnh 2 dng :
- 1 dng a quay ra gia nhit bay hi ti Naphtha Splitter Reboiler E-1211
(MP steam heat exchanger).
- Dng naphta nng c x l quay tr li (3) trao i nhit ri a
sang Platforming unit.

3. COMPRESSION SECTION
H2 sch t Platforming Unit a qua Recovery Plus (X1301) sau c x l clo
bi D1302 A/B . Sau khi xly clo xong, H2 c chia thnh 2 dng:
- 1 dng quay tr li cung cp H2 cho chnh CCR
- 1 dng c a sang Make-up gas compressors C-1202A/B/C cung cp
cho cc phn xng cn H2 khc.
Make-up gas compressors C-1202A/B/C c 3 qu trnh nn. 2 my nn hot ng,
1 my d phng.
Trc khi i vo bc nn th nht, dng H2 c a vo First Stage Make-up gas
compressor suction drum D-1205. TB ny bao gm 1 lp sng loi b lng trong
dng H2 trc khi i vo my nn Compressors C-1202 A/B ti y, dng kh c
nn n 10.5 kg/cm2. Sau dng kh c lm lnh ti First Stage Discharge Cooler

E-1203 n 38oC trc khi i vo Second Stage Make-up Gas Compressor Suction
Drum D-1206. Lng y D-1205 c a quay tr li CCR unit.
Qu trnh tng t xy ra Second and the third stages of compression, p sut c
nng ln 23.9 kg/cm2 / 43.4 Kg/cm2. Kh sau c lm lnh n 38oC trc khi i
vo Suction drum of the third stage of compression D-1207 / Make-up gas
Knockout drum Lube oil Mist Eliminator D-1208.
D-1206/D-1207 and D-1208, dng Lng y rt nh.
Dng H2 sau khi c nn, lm lnh c phn phi n cc phn xng nh: the
Booster Gas Coalescer A-1351 in the regeneration of the CCR unit; NHT reaction
loop; The PENEX unit; The LCO HDT; The Hydrogen storage drums D -1251A/B

C. QA TRNH
1. REACTOR PRESSURE
p sut ca phn xng ph thuc vo yu cu thi gian sng ca xc tc v c
tnh ca nguyn liu. Cho nguyn liu l Naphta t chng ct trc tip, qu trnh
desulfurization c s dng 20-35 bar, nhng c th thit k 1 p sut cao
hn nu nguyn liu c lng Nito v S cao hn bnh thng.
Nu nguyn liu l Cracking naphta c lng N v S rt ln th p sut c th c
p dng trn 55 bar.
Tng t, p sut cao cng rt cn thit cho qu trnh removal halogen.
p sut ca thit b iu chnh bng dng nguyn liu H2 i vo .
2. TEMPERATURE
Nhit tc ng ng k n s xc tin n phn ng hydrotreating. Qu trnh
desulfurization tng khi nhit tng. Cc phn ng desulfurization bt u xy ra
t nhit 230 oC . T 230-340oC t l phn ng tng dn theo chiu tng ca
nhit . Trn 340oC t l p tng rt chm.

S phn hy cc hp cht clo cng xy ra tng t nhit phn hy cc hp

cht S.

No ha olefin cng xy ra khong nhit ny, ngoi tr olefin removal c th

din ra nhit cao hn. Do phn ng ny ta nhiu nhit nn lng olefin trong
nguyn liu cn phi c iu chnh hp l trong khong nhit cho php.
nhit cao H2S c th phn ng vi nhng olefin ny to thnh mercaptan,
trong TH ny vic tin hnh nhit thp c th kh nhng olefin d tha, theo
cch ngn vic to thnh mercaptan.
Qu trnh phn hy cc hp cht N v O yu cu nhit cao hn so vi qu trnh
desulfurization v no ha olefin. Khi lng hp cht N v O ng k phi thit k
p sut cao v LHSV thp m bo qu trnh chuyn ha.
Qu trnh loi b kim loi yu cu nhit thp nht l 315oC. Trn 315oC l iu
kin thch hp nht.
Nhit u vo ca nguyn liu phi m bo khng nh hn 315oC
3. FEED QUALITY
4. HYDROGEN TO HYDROCARBON RATIO
5. SPACE VELOCITY
LHSV (liquid hourly space velocity)
i vi nguyn liu l naphta t chng ct trc tip: LHSV= 4-12 h-1 (7-8 h-1)