Respiratory System

S: 4, Episode: 5 Breathing is Believing

First Stop, The nose

The nose has two openings called nostrils or nares, through which air
enters.
The nasal septum dived the nose into two hollow spaces, called nasal
cavities.
As air enters the cavities, it is warmed, filtered, and moistened.

Next stop, the pharynx (throat)

Lies directly behind the nasal cavities. As air leaves the nose, it enters
the pharynx.
The nasopharynx is the upper portion, located behind the nasal
cavities.
The oropharynx is the middle section, located behind the oral cavity
(mouth). This section receives both air from the nasopharynx and food
and air from the mouth.
The laryngopharynx is the bottom section of the pharynx.
The esophagus carries air to and from the lungs, branch of the
laryngopharynx.
The Larynx
The larynx is also referred to as the voice box.
It lies between the pharynx and trachea. It contains nine layers of
cartilage.
It contains two folds known as the vocal cords. As air leaves the lungs,
the vocal cords vibrate and produce sounds. The tongue acts on the
sound to produce speech.

Our third stop, the trachea

The trachea is a tube extending from the larynx to the center of the
chest.
It carries air between the larynx to the center of the chest. It also
carries air between the pharynx and the bronchi.
The trachea divides into two bronchi near the center of the chest. Each
bronchus enters a ling and carries air from the trachea to the lung.

One of our final stops is the alveoli

The alveoli is shaped like a vine of grapes, small and circular. An adult
contains up to 500 million alveoli.
Alveoli are made up of one layer of squamous epithermal tissue and
contain a rich network of blood capillaries.
These capillaries allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to be changed
between the blood and the lungs.

The last stop are the Lungs

The divisions of the bronchi and the alveoli are located in the lungs.
The right lung is divided into three sections: the superior, the middle,
and the inferior.

The left lung only has two sections: the superior and the inferior. It is
also smaller than the right lung because the heart is located near the
left so it is smaller.
Each lung is enclosed in a pleura.

Video clip

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hc1YtXc_84A