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    59 views6 pages

    Peak Interpretation Lists PDF

    Uploaded by

    andresjyp

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Posotsnenpaie, Onoomp ste separ ig gas SL t : Utes geo ec eae | pinnae ge oceece eh fib bbe | | peer a i pa 1 [rr a ame ol ; ; sence | ‘sxe cars ta: | ea Se saments: ae | ‘ox! 500 3000 200 2000 ee ses { «275300 «325 350 as ag) AS SO Our ao 1: a a Chapter 10 Infrared and Raman Spectrometri Vibrational Spectrometries ‘Type of vibration Frequency (em) Intensity* CH galleries ‘rete SSRBISBSb' s ‘ i ‘fen 1450. and 1375 m Hy bend) 1465 m Alkenes (etretch) 3100-3000 m (out-of-plane bend) 1000-650 5 Aromatics (stretch) 3150-3050 s (out-of plane bend) 900-690 s Alkyne (tretch) 2.3300 8 Aldehyde 2900-2800 w 2800-2700 w c-c Alkane not interpretatively useful cc Alkene 1680-1600 mw ‘Aromatic 1600 and 1475, mw Alkyne 2250-2100 mw coc Aldehyde 1740-1720 s Ketone 1725-1705 s Carboxylic acid 1725-1700 s Ester 1750-1730 s Amide 1670-1640 s ‘Anhydride 1810 and 1760 s ‘Acid chloride 1800 5 cc Alcohols, ethers, esters, carboxylic acids, anhydrides 1300-1000 s O-H Alcohols, phenols Free 3650-3600 m H-bonded 3500-3200 m Carboxylic acids 3400-2400 m N—H Primary and secondary amines and amides (stretch) 3500-3100 m (bend) 1640-1550 ms Amines 1350-1000 ms Imines and oximes 1690-1640 ws Nitriles 260-2240 m Allenes, ketenes, isocyanates, isothiocyanates 270-1950 ms Nitro(R—NO,) 11550 and 1350 s Mercaptans 2550 w Sulfoxides 1050 s Sulfones, sulfonyl chlorides 1375-1300 and s Sulfates, sulfonamides 1200-1140 5 ox Fluoride 1400-1000 5 Chloride 800-600 s Bromide, iodide <667 5 “Data from Pavia, D. L, Lampman, G. M., Kriz, GS. 1979. Introduction to Spectroscopy: A Guide for Students of Organic Chemisty. 45 = strong, m = medium, w = weak, 174 INFRARED AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY TABLE 7-3 A Numerical Listing of Wavenumber Ranges in Which Some Functional Groups and (Classes of Compounds Absorb in the Infrared Range (em) and Intensityt Group and Class Assignment and Remarks 3700-3600 (=) OH in alcohols and phenols (OH stretch (dit soln) 3520-3320 (m-s) NH, in aromatic amines, primary amines. NH stretch (dl soln) and amides 3420-32505) —OH iin alcohols and phenols OH stretch (soids & liquids) 3360-3340 (mm) NA, in primary amides NH, antisym stretch (solids) 13320-3250 (em) OW in oximes O—H stretch 3300-3250 (m-s) CH in acetylenes S=CH—H stretch 3300-3280 (s) NH in secondary amides [NH stretch (solids); also in polypeptides and proteins 3200-3180 (3) NH, in primary amides NH, sym stretch (solids) 3200-3000 (v br) —NH;} in amino acids NH" antisym stretch 3100-2400 (v br) OH in carboxylic acids H-bonded OH stretch 3100-3000 (m) -CH in aromatic and unsaturated C—H stretch hydrocarbons 2990-2850 (m-s) CH, and ~CH,— in aliphatic (CH antisym and sym stretching compounds 2850-2700 (ea) CH, attached to O or N CCH stretching modes 2150-2650 (w-mm) CHO in aldehydes overtone of CH bending (Fermi resonance) 2730-2350 (br) —NH;* in amine hydrohalides NH stretching modes 2720-2560 (m) OH jn phosphorus oxyacids associated OH stretching 2600-2540 (w) —SH in alkyl mercaptans SH stretch; strong in Raman 2410-2280 (mn) —PH in phosphines P—H stretch; sharp peak 2300-2230 (m) NEN jn diazonium salts NEIN stretch, aq soln 2285-2250 (s) in isocyanates N=C=0 antisym stretch 2260-2200 (m-s) in nitriles CEN stretch 2260-2190 (wm) in alkynes (disubst) (C=C stretch; strong in Raman 2190-2130 (em) in thiocyanates CEN stretch 2175-2115 (5) in isonitriles N=Cstretch 2160-2080 (m) Nin azides N=NEN antisym stretch 2140-2100 (w-mm) (CSC in alkynes (monosubst) C=C stretch 2000-1650 (w) substituted benzene rings several bands from overtone and combination bands 1980-1950 (3) C=C=C in allenes (C=C=C antisym stretch 1870-1650 (vs) C=0 in carbonyl compounds stretch 1870-1830 (3) in BAactones stretch 1870-1790 (vs) in anhydrides antisym stretch; part of doublet 1820-1800 (3) in acid halides stretch; lower for aromatic acid halides 1780-1760 (3) in y-lactones C= stretch 1765-1725 (vs) anhydrides (C=O sym stretch; part of doublet 1760-1740 (vs) a-keto esters C=O stretch; enol form 1750-1730 (3) in 6lactones C=O stretch 1750-1740 (vs) C=0 in esters (C=0 stretch; 20 em lower if unsaturated 1740-1720 6) (C=O in aldehydes C=0 stretch: 30 em“ lower if unsaturated 1720-100 3) C=O in ketones (C=O stretch; 20 cm" lower if unsaturated 1710-1690 (3) (C=0 in carboxylic acids C=O stretch fairly broad 1690-1640 3) C=N in oximes CEN stretch; also imines 1680-1620 @) (C=O and NH in primary amides two bands from C=O stretch and NH ‘deformation 1680-1635 (3) C=0 jn ureas (C=O stretch; broad band 1680-1630 (m-s) (C=C in alkenes, ee CaCotretch 1680-1630 (vs) (C=0 in secondary amides C=O stretch (Amide I band) y wey # = strony 7. GROUP FREQUENCIES: INFRARED AND RAMAN 175 ‘TABLE 7-3 conti ‘Range (em tnd ines Assignment and Remarks 1670-1640 («-vs) (C=O stretch 1670-1650 (es) in primary amides C0 set (aie Hand) 1670-1630 (vs) in tertiary amides stretch 1655-1635 (vs) in B-ketone esters Co suet ena form 1650-1620 (w-m) N—H in primary amides NH deformation (Amide Il band) 1650-1580 (m-s) NH, in primary amines NH; deformation 1680-1580 () NH;* in amino acids NH, deformation 1640-1580 (vs) C=0 in Bediketones C=O stretch; enol form 1620-1610 (s) C=C in vinyl ethers (C=C stretch; doublet due to rotational 1615-1590 (m) benzene ring in aromatic compounds ring stretch; sharp peak 1615-1565 () Pyridine derivatives ring stretch; doublet 1610-1580 (5) NH; in amino acids NH; deformation; broad band o # 1610-1560 (vs) COO" in carboxylic acid salts —C{~ antsy stretch 0 1390-1580 (m) (NH, primary alkyl amide NH; deformation (Amide If band) 1515-1545 (vs) NO in aliphatic nitro compounds NO; antisym stretch 1565-1475 (v5) NH in secondary amides [NH deformation (Amide II band) 1560-1510 (s) triazine compounds ring stretch; sharp band 1550-1490 6) NO, in aromatic nitro compounds NO, antisym stretch 1530-1490 6) NH; in amino acids or hydrochlorides NH," deformation 1530-1450 (m-s) N=N~0 in azoxy compounds N=N—O antisym stretch 1515-1485 (m) ‘benzene ring in aromatic compounds ring stretch, sharp band 1475-1430 (vs) CCH; in aliphatic compounds CH, scissors vibration 1465-1440 (vs) CH, in aliphatic compounds CCH, antisym deformation 1440-1400 (m) OW in carboxylic acids in-plane OH bending 1420-1400 (m) (C—Nin primary amides CN stretch (Amide IIT band) 1400-1370 (a) butyl group CH, deformations (two bands) 1400-1310 (9) (COO™ group in éarboxylic acid salts 1390-1360 (vs) ‘SO in sulfonyl chlorides ‘SO, antisym stretch 1380-1370 (9) CCH; in aliphatic compounds CH, sym deformation 1380-1360 (em) isopropyl group CH, deformations (two bands) 1375-1350 6) NO, in aliphatic nitro compounds NO} sym stretch 1360-1335 (vs) SO; in sulfonamides ‘SO, antisym stretch 1360-1320 (vs) 'NO; in aromatic nitro compounds NO, sym stretch 1350-1280 (m-s) 'N—0 in azoxy compounds N—O sym stretch, 1335-1295 (vs) 0, in sulfones ‘SO, antisym stretch 1330-1310 (m-s) CF, attached 10 a benzene ring CCF, antisym stretch 1300-1200 (vs) N—0 in pyridine Noxides 1300-1175 (vs) in phosphorus oxyacids and phosphates 1300-1000 (vs) (C—F in aliphatic fluoro compounds 1285-1240 (vs) Ar—O in alkyl aryl ethers 1280-1250 (vs) ‘Si—CHy in silanes CH, sym deformation 1280-1240 (m-s) Gin epoxides C0 stretch 1280-1180 (3) C=N in aromatic amines CON stretch, 1280-1150 (vs) C—O-C in esters, lactones C—O=C antisym stretch 176 INFRARED AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY TABLE 7-3 (Continued) Range (em™) and Intensity* Group and Class Assignment and Remarks 1-20 (@) 7 Panis TE iain ed bed 1200 em=! ‘1245-1155 (vs) ‘SO,H in sulfonic acids S=0 stretch Heimer 20 "ewaher e-0C aren een Bom” e-em e-e-N ong ein) eo Citches €=0=C sto eh imei) ‘Sox es Sovemsean ihoinsty — eowinatos ote HmIHS6) ———_$0,8yin sons <0ysrm se timtia) Sans soars 1-9 iin mound Tro von ia Ramen 1150-1070 (ws) ae aliphatic ethers i —C antisym stretch 1120-1080 (s) C—O—H in secondary or tertiary alcohols C—O stretch tiem) ——ENi nay enh toms) Sos ona SoS aniom seh ie 18%) SO in sot ait So,amsra Imes) Otis oth ioc) th “Ona aos euoseh twos) Seo nay ten soon wassised Boe errnnttons Po anim 1009306) eae he compoans tig eng mote: song Raman 1035) Circ nay cps toute ation se030(%) = CI~CHt—in mshi abews——ctfoaatan soman oso) EHTEt nt onpos sone oe mosses) Cac insight cious wt e wnseste) 12a ene Ci entrain wo nd) rates) eth nia ns fice formic” See cit cmpout Bae Peete Passer tone tiene donation Sean) Sete sci A smn) time, aes ci oni dematon , ssessoim) ———_C—

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