aa aot Sy eka gee pat Naar | a Fiujdanecttonies a) ACen ‘ . << Ly Synawies (Fi. shabicn ig dag s atte'g ah as ga! “a 4 ae INP pal Be SAL pete Yd GR a! re «i Flaid_statie sis the staily off lads tec kanes F eal 2 s omerokhalifa-~ 1a pa ee = 4 6 ao ~ @ liad Kanimatineg agi aye 7!) aote an JY! Une! Beet sje Ly Bas ous Wot ott 7 ah ba ches eniihahiey ack ae a ead ay Sage Se or Conkoins randow —@—E) dees: grimy Me fe Vat = ap AB Py wYo wes) a Find ctynamics As concerad soith velod hig nnd Rences. exerted by-or upon fluid im srollom gis asSocoksb (wie 2 nol ws oee = 7 Ee “Tt ES eee a D Compventible Fluke ot bos wab ey | Shun ye. Wind» fodnandds $9 Lge ah Sani cll Sp oe ea Geer = iNet, Dada Compressible: Bad we io Bg aN ae Peed pfs Api. LASS Fy. Seat Mp s NCE. Aces A atin ie. SOs ined, Br. ek 1, | real Cad ead) GA oC agp, nda as) ft eu! Amey lds Ghee ep iens pia) uae hae Pr pai Lge aan newton ion oh Loa) ~ Newtonian” Ha St ae Sy hoo Nhekwhow’y ow. aR incuba. a ye ope eS r _ Shear istres eT > Ba ae Shear vealed = se of ne redex eae ee ee | 7 so ¢- Nentton’s te)aa | wie), GN Yip coeds dear gh Niet Lett ahs ard P iste) \ Sy Lk Uy a BAe ae st ed BOO EY WI) Zebedee ed pes Mey abe He YF fF ptt a Newtonion (uid: (iii whieh obey Nepions fos: teww i. Non newtowraw Mids Mand which dateat obey Newtons taw | Ex, A thid +f viscosity (oMeodl) is rested petweug two plates. The ater ofp plate iss! o-4 mt ane! the distence betwen the plates. -oiof tm. pngh The force accused. if the upper plate is pullal with velocity fe Bo cms sain: $ omer. khalifa “ t tl fp == 8teh( 22) 2 aig We ay. oop 5 4 wFe, A= go Mg otto cag a & egy Ne i Teeth Ble Ud gS | Lawinay. flow: Tats Mage of Riow , lagers af Yard — wove yeloive to each obker aithowl mm macrosiopic whtvada 2 Weis is _catleh alley Vise ut oy Naina C2 Bhs Due? ain i Yow.2 aw wheal suse —Fiecbulent flail —o— Fy —frerbeleml Plott, flere isa vert gu wh tandosia— boven end of Hhacoh a clivee Lijms— t | Peansviete— te Be weain— Ligne — zs | Ht inn ear ey = es Lt Se | Taw Braet Ne dif NSO e teh ee Eiwid Kimewtacble Faulty, doves 2 fh Pad pit ean pics apy yl ppl Oth we Bs bow ota pla Ef NN, ele Vi Dit A we antl Ee lowinay flow as sh ee cee as.2 oe pina i ie Nu ts agli thes Da Agee ee hs | Spi alee Vi seals se ey boiiaoe le Force — Walenta ees tohtioct: ——— Force 2 Fores souk. 2 BSN. ee oe - } .. piv rt (pa SE) te? T, ert L t wprlpatBiuyin, er dl dl r és = . Ses es For 20 New toman fhrig! tin _laranep flow) | 2 See py as ar ¢avereye velocity th Or pe el oge iae Phat 7 Uh = ee eee = = ES isd ____omer khali = 2 fgtedr (gg) nie Baye be ua 6 y dP yy” ty anf a 22 as fh Ppley) LP re ’ u iz a "9 anc) ee w i dP R Seem By a pee! 38. a UeYou Netocihy Reese unliabinm Por oor pataak Ptbw a { a= oy Un} od eelf atlas be eR Se ee een Pr Ua Be! Siw shew Sie F Bote Gaps) * “ene — sweat power velocity” | \ diioonas Vetocily im (uy touted igus E eo ———————$—$—<— a/ A Plecd for ia\ apipe at rate yp 2.2 When _ thanpige for the Foliowieg dale: SP 2 sis Mig A= O26 wm \\ te oof WE fm*, tate ! PR th tpg. 3 B, , ) Himmuu Velot tgs is i e |) Ff the Jounal is mcrenel to 9.03 Wh. Jelermi |_0) cletermne Te velouly at yo, 2 The Ud hve PR, te, BRK a | J) the mastimum Velog tg: omer Khalitea-— 72 e nes | Sil —— eye eee glue a pw oat athe ili aly = A=% Hd. = =F ca-0516): = Es : Ree cae [2p O-2BXO- OSE _ ter 1K Dhow qe Seana = eat 4b A 3 Ups Ss pete) de ee e eet ae 2928 Iyot afsube pe fisowed Tigths =e vas ——— at ma (Si i phge ne Zio. _ | BAER 9-0) = Lt eho diA| we prise 2 CP Clee OA coke 3, alia [18 | a Sha \ | cp x= NS font 8 fu nr @ | poise xo! = NS Smt eat see | ceed ew ES Guie Mesias © ea ee = —|— re tad a a to bow Bosbhe cS ibgbe ene as a Jad ee ail, pb Pyclisp4 22 14) SD, ads il a neh Dip oe atrial Ns J bs ; ys betes as (HS fo sek. we sbi GLP A ee 7 nae Name Te BRRT LED oe tace, aie - pps @ fh GN @. Souris Raid SASS Shown. Goltat | —_| Ae pressure diPlerence CR) 7S — —omerPekhalifa Neig = 5 — Pressure balance = Beat eine + +%hh is Pci GY Ng shale et S49 sip doy loo ip =FR= faS hr 83 Chehe) < Litton) (a-s)/02)- gah eb shlah phy Pe Z thy, 85, 1, i eS ale ala d(hs bad eh $hy nf. ths— | By 2 = 12 x 2 25(1000 NB ts sje 1355 liooe)(9- 3) (0° us) +(1000) (ag 4). ® th = 97-8 Fa —_——s2) Flay Between two 2 Esote Prates Ew 3, + (/Wiean. velocity). ye Koa. Yaxieninn veloeiky Bp IP op Pde ee 55 SP) on SEU _ (pe Ps Oy — p= (pe SPdL) cosy lh. Tse (DCI 2) ph WA OP \ pes) Cpr gPAl) as) omer: khalifa = BF (spor Sox (2 dl) | =o ae = eS Tas ae Se eS dP oy aur diye 1 IF) ds - j= 54H = = 4. 7) «BS platy ie ed? lene apiece ad - : ed ye | pei arise - : = 5 4. P (asa)13 F< yetacihy —stistribultdn— | : Sa cs se = = Q ays eas Stes Nate as yin phe eae SS) ae FOTO aps ape Je ar | A cs » Se es ee Sa a aadpe Liat ; ¢ | - Sa et Me le tie be BCH PP EST se ee ees Caw sr |jy Pp trerde)- — SS ae SSS ID (Pe 3h at) Ter me) 3) Urx ¢zjirdt) PRE ED ats ot Pre have ky aes aan Roto ysaer eo tow 2 Bt ight Oo BSW BO pel Ue By — : “ve EWS Trxtewrays pes stty Busy 16 he bets Hien = \— s ~ Xa SS Sa ee P Herne atest sTectemeit) oa t i (sk Ret} str Cpe oS =n oe ad 1 Py = sy Tae qt? RCE ya ae 2 Se ak SAE eiis | mie. (5- a SQ ay “7 tie pe eS igs | tt | fa ee ae a ERT fy a Ue. __ Gy — D6 Ue dry ppg bh 1 = == Se elgg 1.34 “2.0 at __ye¥y; thls 5 x os f2-02 o4 rev, Ujzos —— —— — > anys seat eae pe) 2Inlk ip)BAG, 6 | r 4 - fo tere ae Y Ee are Unaey Re | Fig.l thas apa es J) ss ee a Be eT. NEE aeolian et Vm. ae | Let Ya Aa ENT) iz: Pere ga pees Ss Sie. = a a \y l@ RE + | aes aes raglan ie ais are (+ a ey ) | [te- (2Ivele). 58d G Z 7) Dees spheg) peek er Qa —Unmage (2D) CR y(Z)" ot pesca Sey a 7 8/2 ae ae @=- tao Cfo fg) - (o £1 R i . | @- Une 2191 5 ae i € eg TY ze “omer khalifa | &o SS ase, a Unrerg, 2 ae anes | Fae nee | Sh = ye Ee ae sees ale a = Nee =a Si | See a 7, Vg et ae ee aes $0 = aes ® |j - Fiaisl enersiy 2 xe ww ce ~ | pie) gue), 38 ru Wap Huan (e) Frand eney | = = ; ae leer Sateen Fresh Potent inkty nok ¢ Kinehe, tng eA mes Z energy ie - = = fcr) taal = S ES “LID gases z Via (ay | ve asy ha | 2 ( & (37/5) [ase se QL omer Khalifa = Generel endyy, bakence Lefi Energy — balance Se easae Wp: Pap wart eee Friction losses. Vi Bd tHe pls\, seb) ae Vd) Ged) 2 py Ydoy ps,Sle 1s @ CV & Be BB teed Zwotzh! pw) Cbg) che pep = Assam ene internal ineepy U,=Uy Since Temi Ss tonstant. AE O- Oth & we dbs, SIU Dol) ped + ye 1p pens (w) € 5 it 2 J+ ey cs Zig4 3 oe 1 Z, ee - aes P rial) pup 2 bik tain A e iy gui dea bape wie doadd Stes. pe a, ) actty : Fi ue Zz & +S a she Opt -aa ot apy + — fon ee Ag, Continuity »¢ wadion. Mass. (om a eg Vetnnehie flowrate fis Ai = Uay)y (Geet pS HAs! 220 e i Aah] (Pa) = Arey Ay | ict Ske ge ey Shere ane feat es Osu abu J2F mney P et Pee 1p co 15 ne DW, fDi Lm Hye Spe soli oot ede [ediJ-R fhe Ing pai? rooo he > ig 9200 Fram N24 resend Hog" @gidyt at : 2 ex ber le fourehe—throigl tt pump—Is-o-| Me —— water pind tha pump hersl . The manomeRt— | vowing u1s..teo end Hg. = = Soln. ‘ = 2 Sele Ra * Oger nla; : hy to-ga\ = J , lig x ® RF) ue). Een ee fyi tage tee ae aoe 2 thon ee Wps BE Ce | hes = ; 4 2) Dk, 3 ge ae | BPs lo tm Hg sd me Hy Soa) gl) ed) 9h Bios ei Na 6h =A he PN tS FG hore t dy = 13S compe ins. Hee | oh , Sr ae | @ ee Ars Ba, = Peo.ere aN wb 8 @ _a,- s dt 2 Broig)* = 0-0/4 m* ve le Ay 2%, = or! = 313 m/s pee o- aby re Es a aN : - he . a Sia. | Ua 25.68 Mis os Se EE S4ES spate T R08 | 26 ty oP Gh] Ht 7B Ay = PJ le @ | 2 igoarig: 8xISTEX8.\ = WHye6 W ee ge sath Uae i ge sy |2 @ a Ban E Baap of Be re used itor, ree watr . The Vactum gauege on the Scckhae SPE 15 . ascem N45, Pressure on he delivering Sida 4s Bkeylom, AiPlerence Sao ltte veto bere the gamage iso tus - Caledati We, Q the sysdena belo bs sol \ oem * = Tw Suchiow + @ S Matte * Jehivenig < ea Rueytee ; = side omer khalifa Bo ua 8 Un By ty ME Wp eA, Ga Vt at a lp Ze oy 4+ ZB A= B dls = Biter)! 21bto Peal >< pea septa t fag = BD Corts)? = 0, 076 me ‘ - a | Af Ue te Mi Mp2 €2,-T)) +e ES x01 v0" ; ® | °9 - 1000 «49 ae: 7 = 30m Hey Z (2 att oh tip SOPEM RY AY) alae ar) | zg 2x43 [ips sees et - ower = PG Hp ®@ hopa Soules tooo x 9-3. B® Me= = Sea seaes of 2.0 a znteg SOO Q=0l63 dae Treasure drop Ea Fou of. shear stress at o pipe wa zm bp sige yf : i t 5 at : ® eens - 0, Wart : finesse 2 [es eae pea C2 oh — (4l/ J; Te fie Shean Shiess at the well | Nataotio at Shidt SAVE SSh im ped > en age eee — ae jee ap wrt ser Tre <3 e Sy I) I) ese | Frew ‘ I sm ean! ~ OA Oke | Ti, dr ~ * I} Gon ee : | fe Pe CO oe eae 2 F nh at reo lig =o i. ¥ whet _ a reS0 Cy pete et oe o gete Lgreae. C2 4 Sd = Tm ee oe yan ae ] 2Te Tm = 5 | Friction AOS pressure crop as faackore 4 (Re) inspipes + A Past 4 Tiler ale ai fae Seu rT Pekan factor ap foPont GE] « e ad etd poly Ty vos fo ay ander? SM wey } Bon ~ (%) abeuli gt Jy By “3B “ye pe: Cabateton ape (Tp) sot ne for lamnar flow Of = a | 5 - uel ise eFor furbuleit Yow for Me pyoe i | Be 009 6 — a Sal 4 a (Tadbilent.—smavoth pipe) || e@ = Jy is function ofe (Ref 3 (E) Yin Vesbuloat flow cong oF Pipes + - ns . Eons rouph mags of Pipe Supace.. Se ae emg Aas? we 24) BAN ne edeet! CEM Tp AF tg ey Ey, Cohaulat pressure drop in Cha) fo e System: L = 30-8 m Commercial. dis b:as26%, b.z0-00004S 6 Qie9: 095) v0 Z ha P= 1209 5 /hd? 5 : tts o-nl IR Pe [ae 2 eed 7-085 / 3606 J | Uses sae eee te | ® DR (eae SR: ; 4Se. @ 24 , -o$) 5 Re-= — = eee =J3ti- Shes roughness fovtor ae. ep eee a eee = 0-600 856 4, = o002 dbehiie 2 Cy eut ; Bo-4B ) toon I-lb Ap ey 5; ) £4" 2 80 cows)! SAT) [teenth AP = 15720fa. Estimate te in Alsee’, given; BPs 1F77%0 pad 6 = e000 VS im Liz 304% om JA, z 0-0! fas f>/100'S a Solu 4 Fal wk! Dye ut od A Pde 4 stately 258 Dl 200 bc tk Ree DDO a Ly). fu2 a pre 8 Tiel) Pod a j i : ee & Ja fs Wa aee (> (eae) Rk Se PCE wid S Ley 5 : Mong Jp Rees (ad SA = 3 f a “1%, ¢. IS:720x/200 ¥0-0526 = — ee L Li) me (4) ( 20-4) (0-01) Sie 6 t-xi0” 5 £ = 2700004F = © 0003956 @ 00626Sey re ar Prom Fig-lintet} Res Fou ee I Re- cue ee fae 7100 x 0-0! | ; i So — Pa “1000 x0-0 526 Une bepyp Jo —s shores Sarees ese ee al sheet sect) Sodus ee ue ala < c Z PPripe]es) dw Saves ‘ands parailad Aine A) Py pes int Series. & get ty a a ky | ee, 1 ; Fg Rare , AR Sr ae eherhis Seis +Qz Wp hprehese hee “@ Be Au “Pees Arce ve Qabing. on. Le 2 0sw gd BO ea tae Hd ap 8H ES 5) a |26 @ Lb- ad ate = ME js IW gs Gos Me 3 eo od , 74 x pe ———— Sew bys Pihings Sees oP ZEB beady be ® os os Vey Vs) ow, TI eh OS) ya Ur Od BU abs) expla! NAY Oulods pA te wy Le Fedor Le fae Rot een ge SUA. the bade fas 4S° elbows Cerisdiy words. 3a elbows Le = 39}-4od @ volt [Table 3-2 Sip] Sue 2 64 o Sul oso ea € hy sy ar Pgs Ex. 6x0 Cm /S) Watow whorioile is padged: i aug da tid rows a feag ty of Se min horteoittal divecXion cust up Aero s Neti coh beta! Ai Nene -dpattlel gige Ware is o Cmivol Value whid wnay be Naken ag qusuaterd te Loo Frye digmetr ond also ithe ig todkey tipe fikinn @ eqivaduck te (God) TF Te man pipe besa roghuss feo oor wm, what power fe pee if ih offiscing | 3. 60%. ed onvoat é iS a ooy ~° oe. viscosity A Stok + As 0-65 x10 N S/m* Fitates 263x150" Ws a od wa? Az Bd* 293 (4oxe*)*= 126 x19 wi. Velocity = G3 x65 de Jwals "a6 xo @Ae & gg CHS. 5 wv cig yyeble tort a! ade agol ped x we obs ere? | Fo=-e004 | I 4 Ara oh | tin ft “eH a Zor +p “ety me 7 | | ‘2 by? o | Der AOI NSS Eo BP wr eS a eee | Urs Mr f ety he 7k pe) or Hp= 2s + he ZL Ww h, 2.8 Fy C15 e -43 Skis | Lah BLE; AU seine laos xiuoxid 460%40%6 sete ty ow: - thp 28 nowt PET LBS) os wh Je) i eae, 4 @ Mp eb te bh SS Hbst ly nae | 1 ; ; Power = 9 Ho (ps rover 4: 2X M24 x 63NO" Ee power » £834 _ 67-24 — ris.6 WathLO =~ 8 gsi clrop dus to suddey. iapneclen — == 5. CAL HY ps ns pase) Apeh < + Pp fur f, ,A Olaps of pte oe } Bh fal ge) ahi ho cB Bae us fo Se” Pg a. @ Aa a . ees Sag ay whete Ai 9 SE npansion CouPfricient Rese avop duc ba Sudden contraction + LPS Gerald V pid Dated) fom oh = (CH) z hs Je Ue Con. on 29 ok (dy i ae ze yo Exp. Wakev flows ak 2000ar/S throvgh a sudden enlargement —fvava Lo mmm to a Tom diameter pipe - What is the toss iw head.a F Hoxio* 2 i Bp ge Nfs ‘| te ore. / op ate E = () so 67 ee SGT mm 2 a se —— 2 ete ss . # wae 2 Ss ete ru aye at OZ tte as Ry ue A at. | a eo eS ce %; 3° 3 4+Hp4Qs aes: hg | wi Fl hye @ “shh eo fa Pa te pee Kwa) EP Fe OMe bs 2 rsd ay Be Se itn Bu) ors 3! a eee MY, S52) dye SG) Stee ace Jee 4 Syke Sapo eet lye 23 OH) 3 moe vet BR) 6 BOY) 139 At by>-83j (5) + hg aS Se YN BY ed ere Thy . — Pies(9 8e- Wy-draubic—m san Aiametuc he Lequuilank diawaten) ted abe oi po CEP Belem op pt heey aR Va nats ay ee al ysWe sey ce £54513) re yore yb) Sys She Du av! sup i ee ates pAbaiads Seb GR. Ae Sp { Re Velen Yu) ob A Gy Goss sethoial alea ie. We He. perm Le t a Bedi D far crealWospip’. glee / 164 PPS a Je D) Fors] war cross Section a de = Ber me a a |__| 2~ fou —Pectang lar & dig eee uae ‘ 2 2a42b arb (haf s ee 4) Fer amular lex 9 di +NdeSi e z i = “Reccure dvope rhea Suir devices : aed). Pps eae \ 4. U- fube mangwetere . 2-__Tnclineh yranomebey. () Up tube mamometr Srscs Sa eo Perce loeb tain @ RAT P5Ot- aps P-h2(A-P) O29 pay pie 28 coe z { pane * (ead tots 5-4 Yds “ody as drial 1 2 ‘ne. (2) The tnchwedl manomreDr- > Rovce - bolmes:- ot Pip f9ete i geoleh P-R- op (m-P)Ib2 DbZe ae Es ‘fee. eee 3 [up (eA eee) ASO IF oR at) e Cask RsmO7 &EE <_ 32 wD e OA der eli Bp Cie oF." dee ort) BP Y, 25 G5 Flow! merswung clevice wee Sap A els 5s (Orifice meter (2) Venter) weirs (2 Pitote tube ® Weve ct) Once, eto e Qs tod Momute wis eet y ‘ clis chard e —— e. & Ay + orice = af ‘ested A te bh: Goo E plays E SHS the igs &) ® do ovslice diate wy vary e dua 4 Pipe, diamefir 1 arn! Gd AD so) Dwar yoosk alo” sy Sorpur Bag ye soe D) i SESAME aby, n ee otSen S = 3 Birth ett Retng wth Cy iehon Cig uit Pe ab 29 OS ee | uy MEK eh ; | a ates 2 we Ea . - Cpl) . Q-=-Ay Ve = fir oe Cas) | un Ae a a Ah Gee ee 7 ates} [29 SF 1) P97 (1- BF y | Px2 Gy c egh uient fp Cente ehnA Al @. 9.64, Rens. fa C= | iss | Ae le Di ey Dives Geis cbege cooffitent: uf agen. | oe 2, Ser + SM = CGA) : et \ be Ww Ct Pr ob ee Ae son oe we eS Syl: 7 @ ST es 5 et p, ax (aed pee gph ab 2 pie: CUTE F oe? SIE pS yy A dente Sade ud Wg tae AL DIME eel ae VD eaeed SAN Be e Ses | BP) (- 23) (8 2- R) og 2- Venturi omit — Fle ee e@ Blernollt en ut Lt Ari % ee one B-A Lur-w Pd @ dp — 4 SR Q=2UiArsurAr wii ue 7D ee" Ap=. St 0- gy)Go es 35 Gy S099 pret Neh oe SN (2) ee he “Berroili equating between GLO Rew ge [o> Oe ut . R=F 4 | oe @ The motth aado weir f ean | px | : ee ee : e : ee vile <3 Ghali mw sh) oa Cp Lo Lov! rw BOS De | U | ae shoes he A notch |e apsel i C'sayy J ud - eeei) Rectangular notth:-| ores 3F —echosucnl Flow metir— | Rotman (ainble— — PS be nse HY V1 BENS ‘ f.. . e as Speen pict KO ais BO') Bip lin gh Ge 5h) Forces acting err E+ gramit -fauce acting clown wos JY Ys aoe 35 \nivis Gs oe, Uae a Oy, 25 i bg woh z of G AP YE ct, CE eat antl aia ee x Fe: bounty force 4 wpward Ws Dol fu, 22 45 | Fo drag force resatins, Bamltae” Bicttin orened The Pod) ?: Se ies “ eg ete B= Cc wee : Zz o Coffe ice ee ee ee ARs Ploat alton fsa| a ~~ |@ ee era ade ‘ ieee ange Monee oli a = eee sie! og cp A8 7 Q-UA, ee ; ; Noe un, Oro“! pew Ps lade docs. Ae — Z : » Bator A, = 5 (Dea 2) he i gle " oe en ae Rye dia. Rock diamdor. e Pad wo tawehr— ee @)-zr| g oes) Ls tapereol easton fee & ea | as Qn: =G-Ae |S 1s oA) “2 ane aD 3 i pea) Bo ce DU abithahge ares 6, Set ik ks - float + oben. 2 E Ss has Ub a Rotametere od) urbe gS Ar as f fig afl Ses fo<—0 mm eS eee ae pbs ce Nas 9 Ay yy te \ @ 22 @ gt eae 2 Uae eeo 33 Aa sdendy Plow Pkoblems 2 Eig abp [Ae eS pee aah 2 vit, tap av ee. a2 ox. wi Be pas ¥ iL ott we os SS ei (| _ 4 “3 Fru) z 18 Nes s(t) Az fo 2,, Ruch = AS. cae ane vaghs o's As| Eee An Lopen wedge shaped lonk as shawn below, eo et bras Reng the of 1S f4 — perpeni¢ulay to We. _skech. _| 34 is cwained with a 340 pipe die-_of lengthy, 40 $4} whose _clistharge. end _is oh elevation erp She coeff iclent tose al pipe _crrunce—' 15 (0S) te otad bell — tess. cotifittie ent“, finz) cond - oR 2 2 olf, Find the | | Hime Aspuined! totower The wate surface in then | pe fenk froma clevaleon g tas ft. = Bai e a eee ma eae aQae fu, = Wle-2s) > SIG Zs | os ae - ax Qyag a 88453, Us QY Biss taps Ve) ne 1b eg) x SelSs 42 te f oe 32 Bs Tashi are Je = e259 Z°° 5 & sie. Ok ae St Se] Ces 4) astenad's Rona of Catomere sible Rividy mies se ee AS SD pe Se pe ew Ue 2 ery bs Dt pap tpl we ge S 5 pede Hs pple if asne| (33.6 A eo ol Z { #2 wid eh og ie oS S15) Yen ihe Gites pid! ‘ie os 3 +adrlpa(h ae ga x se aS ee a le wid Lida) Se pd on j¥ Kali x: AL-centfifugak—pumap_is vedading at ipSo RPM Fre stay frou) is 3.562 ft/sec. Suppose that —the pump —spead con be Jntseeical instoplancodsly 4a] 2000 RPM clefer mine, “Te fis nate? 2; Piicdon|Zs @ FS - _Fluicl mation in the presence af solid —_ faxticles >— Ss 4. Rlldive motion be kween oa Cluid and sels, get £ Sesingle sparbinle: « Algae rh i are i, ve ae — lp vs OW in Ball me Cg Bal os ited i eo ee Tires a a e 2 Slabgeonegyy particle in _vrovima Saad 8 Dmmina parkitle ina Stabionar® Mid. pacriclec and Piwd. le annoh Yd _ 3- Opposite Flow eey com toner ennk: Fiow of paticl 58) ck Fst pap eoned seah Dr gh cat So es Se gl eh edt iene te __weidane (8). the fractional of te bool volume ie thik not yecupred- by so-ticl matiriat | oe gS) oo Ser A ol est | __fx_$20-6 p= a2 ofp pul na 18 60) oul |ae diame. oe dle. z | weld had perimeter | deus C-O)§ Sy-2 total surfece wren of particles / anit sulame. for sphere particles So = £ AE z a ee 2S PAY kicte, Sy ee e@ Uys Nelocily | fiwid thromgh _ Pacleing « s Unies Se & : ~ PUupde = 40U el Wed Ra = = eS (Re) 22 (Rd, |b! jy £e oS a | 4 2a L ues Da te ee ge | oe : e ¥ fo Sine Sees a std. ee A Fe bal ug” ape Sad i oS 3 a ae gck wt apjo» > i og pee “partici tos o¢ eo Fy ee dy 29 akin p) aa-4) eh oy de °EP Se 3 ==) —— pl Ue } es pb uh) eps Buct io fot ¥ an Pi a - —_ yw sat) STPeltene ropes. trough pacieed.| beal es a : ya Br 5 Ae ae oF Bole @ apg. Beus-s)s, fe ae te = 21D | os i ee rane eal Wee Se or laminas flow (Re), <2. = - # re (3)s = eae “fat, fo 9, - 2528. [ e (Rede Rey Js Lie Avi ih, Sparticles os shite Ns Line GU Ke BE TON Gg gS me ee eee Kees SP bycls Ao,= & 6- U} e | Een A gas of clans 1.25. ig (neal OK: 45x a5s\ tk HS Loa s_flows _sjeactily wast through a bral oh spherical | particles o-205 min - Aina uF dass Lapel 3.00 mond, Ys thes tinwa agproa ta. velocity 1S 0503. mfsaa— | and the * pressure drop: in w/a overth 'beol. soln: (Bell mn COE cg pipeeetge eS @ ne. 6x 15x10" Ci-F) wily oe. E panhi cles. Jas! ae Ss ere at des 5 Ke Aer : | abe ee Als, So: + We wae | aa a pear Wal | p= (fo pl) as | p= (tao e = 190 X1-SK16 5X = (eet 4 a=0% (3) )} (o-005)* 4 Ate A 16-6 far Bs Spe Si joe Perr ie Berhad Sai Opi vay abun “G+ ade. — O6yCl-t) Be SR eg i Soe eile spherary ral, a127h dp@ : ©aes ro Fluid CHD “a 6 ® ec Rowping of Funids yy af on mOS.o Are © devices or Supplying energy or head: to » Flowing liquid im order te overcome beak losses due te Srickion and alse A. Meuissary ko Tgie HA Maul be Kener Lwel. B DN OY oe at RE se + (eRschage side ) eo wee Sew Saal) 7 OM) peal ess Ohs) 2 cn: BP, , on Ite Sb 2 Subs sds SPI ab eS Ay, Ge oe Asi 7 Merny sBer ye aS ab (hg) DOS, ou “A “Cerone — ps, i) Se nee aig Ga) wy slit IPN ee ey pad Pd pai See en oer At Suchen BS, Sip, Sey ae Ce) td) pes Zs + Bo hss Ho hy = 2) 4 + hea N meek Ske = (Za) + (EP alls oly) atWheres hss Guedion Qua 2 —_ ae dischame lead. \ys = heck lose plac be Peuiokk m Suction Saux : Wea oe ae Se é % Sischarye sla. —z, = State ead: in. Section side. we ’ 2 eo Sischwje side sis a PYESMre @bove Te liquel ved on Suction side Ps oe gy s # 2 2 on discharge side Nofe; 4 The Myad Lue onthe suction side ‘is below the e antre dine of the pamp - Ze I's nyative ; a 2 a ee. Wed losses dueto fricwon : hy, 3 hyy Zoey 3 ) 23 hys = 8 ( tT ee ge ahs eee : 2 Nd = hp C= De SQ) ce Cah’ hy Chs) de Siu Ee HH ky olds Cy Do UI oS @ pepe PL wis ahd! ta bob while. hye kgs dole Ret Rese Seckion head CNPSH ) ee a, s el das we noe, Sali goer G ‘Lp ey aad) Mp ~ (Suction bed) -2 57 Dee (oe cd,oe 3 ® NPSH ¢ The heal aveilable ty get he hiquid Abwomsi Wn Sutiien Side. NPSH = Ze, (B-Po)_h aes Cee oR Nesh= bys_ Re s e Pg. where Reps Vatpow presure 4 Viavindk ok syctenn bene. te errs We ey SP Aap a ey NPSH I> a sy eN Sveti favs) Le ClRN va ws (BeBe oy Akal we de Yow aw west= Zs-hys Ce rbsom yO pally a¥ w8) © 74) bl Cbs ety oo) NPSH ONS b ols @ gobs wy) wo Couthodton sf bie S3 Stat a Pe - Seb pd) MOSH sie ei 5) ple 2 SIS Nps ep Bad 6 it ZO) CSS LG Boo e z Jee 3 5s ss Types of Sie ere Le Gs Fyok SPamPs Posiwe displatemeck puwe ih we) Sly zeal) Pea) pela) O'5 aah&~ Be ~ ; © Contrifispel Fabs ¥ Ne de ke L Characherisics Curves zee), BVRS ORAS poe BR» yok Oh Cpdeh i we hen PP Te A [pnw ges ss $1 aah arb | Ponts SUE meas ala PVE, Whe systtn 2 (bor whe PT oe ESN Goi 18 GPP fe JEN Poke Sy ee J ea gy. Omer khalifa i) AR againsk @ 4s Bt q@ WES aqanst @ C2) Power ogamst @ Aue \ S) “BK against Q =p ree : . | Systim curve. ; % bh ah Q @ Sn yA) 7Had\ Pb (Yau ed ty) iw ete eo ce ir yS ake (Wz tn as PF if VEO Iya dee Bhs @ast - te 8 NPSH against pps Kips Nosit | Npsit ie availwolt ix ee a per Aha System Q f @ Pee 5 (IIL ww gD Q. omer khalifa eo oR Pe ey ore SSrsy J) 4p Xs ee Caladat the dats for System total head against Capacity C&W NS. Q curve) for the system behug Li e cat. 4 P= 0104 Parsee dese esas (7 = 12000 He /m> €= t-000045 = Zs= 3m B= tating , - Ziz%m P, = tat @ = 632m S Lese 4.9m62 -— -6\~ Tate fle rage of uw at (0S 6 m/s). Soin» ° (B=) Ah= taein ee Ve hey hiy — cel, abs af tier bu Et ahs @ Gh U we PT rom aXe) Si ied a ee eae uw Q@ ak Os oie 0g 4-654 1 09021? 6-3 sh z d+ 0043 Is ! : QaS _- 8 Contribs el Vamps Series and \m ‘Teralle\ w Fereelt, Ganection ¢ S55), Pe epi etie we whe oe ohach, = Ohara ae Qe = y+ Qr @,; a Q, 5 2 5 YW audsa (OPetating Bow) JSS, asd a Ee Nas we -(ehs'@,) = a BS SS) P18 gids omer khalifa . Soa) ab «ot CLS sp tet oS LAs oat TAs aoe oe bf 2 aa. BAe @ fr RewP ot 2- oh vo QQ For RP 3- Kh % @. Por Syston, pbs Lew uot pb aga i axis ere wena \t 3b gle ce Poe Gay, Sasi ah BoP @, .@.,@; =P wh = Qi+@2 SPB ok aa os 33) ee wwe LiyeYY . ae ye 4,2o0) Bey ad Qe Bh GSB wep Ay Sey ee Ses ede re we OQ, °Q, nee @r-QrQe gw Qosis oy RS DIP S)yd81 LS & PAP ae Bs jes La, ak, vs. Qy SP A Shh ee GR PS Year Seat “ah Q, opdahin Coudiy. yet 3), Als sy pes AS ee omer khalifa hr Q ; sig poll ieihy, MOB 3 sae as ae ‘ (9) Sues Cometion, wl, Us tui bh as bk, RenP, i Tank cave phe eee Ope wiing Poi ee alse as @ =O) ey Qhr= Shae Mee ae Q, Sy) os Mi aise waa pe uy el aah jy skh ve @ PamP A D ow V.~Q Pome & a> Br & @ SyS tw. ( '@ |& (PVD Sak Le fe Pay 22d jis es for PS ris Ip oo ah AW, | Shit ah, Se Ne! NS 2 Bhs = Shiedhe EXP LNIIN NG; PVE ces pe ah SNS A Bare @... , Fee 6 2 SoC TS ls 5 . omer khalifa SoFbN Qo ove ah SAS ee ey any po be f (Cts be Ya Le eee ' Bll oh, wey pew ea sh Ley Bhar = ohia aha . Segue eraty Sil wAG (Sr) de pas dts wee Ley, @_ vs. bh Qr Mahe Genet ce (2 ay ede, Qe vt hy : jill Bs pd GADD pes * pai ee Be vg a se ce Set Ba” i ee e~\o~ ark Pomp Power we \fover= AP @ @ ; Noiwmebrrie Strate as BP Y presire develop + Tle. pump. APs pak ok Se \Pow er so M — CSince, €@-M) where Ms Mas Plourtie uays eye) ay: Sy), Lf ror She Bad) Per rt meee é Uy srs hoi), 35 US Taps oF ae 2 we PoD EE Nay Ue pape 2 pili ras SA) Aad) fe 88 7 een) +5) es is Dads oko” pa 8: TaN, oh eS a4 a i Us Where 2 PR is named. Brake poser urbe clefiined as The actuut power clelivered fo Tle pum p poe ee qos pura Liece eis) ts EAE Uf aS wpeees_ AF BS = cae as Contrifaget pump Telatvon hie eee Thé- power. Din an ideal Contrifosal pranp> is rerio C, cons tant | where re 3 pewer | ¢ linuid) clewsity Ze + rotehionil epercp. ~ By Ds impelley~ chametr— . eh WB BO eke Habe ep oS R=! @ah Ge Snitot where ~@ The spec Gier speed. Is, used Os: ancrhex oR pump —Aypes and is always -enectuadtiod ak “he best Licieny pint Sk oaoue st et AR MTS es Spa berepions Si Loan rr ole Le rt ee i | oh a he Homologous PMPs. @ ;. te 4311 gc ~ Trp SkRienk- oi Ze Pres are Said. to be Seomekr roaly @ Similar When Lhe Paki S of Gorresgon dynss dimensions Aw one Seg. ale quo Lo tthbse aes ote Pevaes- = Q = ae homologus puimps. Wee Ne DS Fey (2) co NPSH4 (2 ce NPstle 4 Be:aa =a Sree —clisplacemenb Gules Boa hfe = teohayy, pamps 10 eae Tec proGRnS pames e Ne 3 oe aw = CY Fee Xeond Quy quid Cooghe |G Jaretely Wansfer tiquid byl chany We dction Ff voiating ge [ite internal volume of the @ Ringivy rales one varied by [pempe i Champion Ae vkadianal! SGD) Tevipiny vette s ane waied = a—ek. tha voter fg aitketnes-eker Ae Regan Sy Do net require Nahves ie} ov the beng hy ot Ha siroke —or'dee te—optras. shay talvesode required om @ @ usd for Pag \vquid— both the Suction. and = of high Wis@sit}s Aischarge sides ofthe t = pe eet : T Tay abet evency- @ ThE Wada poe TEE Tense casithe rake of use Bul work done on the- liquid + me| pp te AP = CADg _Cainte Ap = 1-9) Lee- @ often ah 9 Tene 28) @ The brake power Tyg con be -definedt-as the art Pe Clelivered fo te pump by the pre movers” TF is The Sum of the Tigusol pe Per @ oma friction ies = RAR LOR telicion power) . ). Mechanical é iclenc (Ee ; Theishf £ ecres re Mach oO Seer rs inte — Fhe Josses. tiie Ye uid friction E dit Uae: maviay. oats of thes Purp. ood expressed — ees iG, petcent.. ss 2 — 9 Gig betas ere Se ae | _ The mechanical repent decreases a S¢ SFaas \—@- The Hpi -viscosrty ond the frictional losses merense:> + @ By power tosses ia Gear sz bearmss-— — '—G) Goatact between Tha rotar~— aed a fat eviits— Mores oO lage pumps: have best effcenties ton sma Pumps- @ High Speeol fare tend Foie more effiuent than @ Tow spevel joumpPs-a L e high fpuieng panps howe high NPSH i @ Fa grneral , fe reguittments« (let psi a ax Dima Nps mba=6s ee ee eed La mse 2 = $sSui 9 1 St Factors required flowrate CQ @ The prvpertics the pumpeek liquids. @ Th desired . RB Ake Pome. er khalifa——_ Sn snes hgh viscosity. feeds ore pumped with becuse ; ny Pump Seleckion e Gs |postive displetement pumps. Why @_Centrifegal pumps xre ineffidaent when, pempng. Liqucd ef high viseostt 7 - re The pumps. pe formance 15 Very seysitive 7 changes | 5) in higutid VSS hi - : high viscosity liguids lads ts bisp frictunel heasl losses bente videce co yailable MPSH- ot Liquids with high Vapour, Pressure are not puny i cantrif sed pursp Since if towers The available WPSH. | chispiatemeht prmp ote Tlote of > | G2 Syme usith Poor lubricates, 4 juaditi 4 whith (hae &orrosion =e aS \O 4 canlawing _Susprede Tn general the liguds whith hot umpeol bY positiie,[ite ea “Ret ans oA wasduniaks= ope Sensing be Ae Ata ments — este nus et es tn Neth cc {fie Bt Vinal preduck f eat ee aaa ke we fees 10 a pees oon fab NE tee Yh pen CS LIN | ele le Mess 2 Ap aie, AST GAG ol eal) De Seinen OSep 35a A ale. id) cde ye | [wong he oA cea gettin ay repehbars vessels andl mate Steer Pod poe eNep hoe Ad Ae si andl “Ge EDU SBE pa) get oh Tego G Varge blake aver Vow seeds x eyes Eay bineS anchors —ynaring AYRS Welical =reye. PenpiTOnn eMecne ts hit poddies m — Nh: ais Sasvoeestl co Wehng AS ALS cnicinnghimg af tne ce mere. Bec mohTlavine pte opener Screw 0Q jatar +by Sanat Blade = See eae rater nibs hEraeeeesateial istesi bays “Lig eee acai ae ay ak Stel, pa (Gd Mu Eth oi, | Cad 6 lade Rick Wade urine dy | Satine reSees orange ler = am [ots Polaris — Ls oh Thequaek Sestaneaes Terie Aye —0N0 pelle y= —— Aubin { | Jb Wesehs alge mn Ak Aled hantss = jj Wed in taSlea banks |_| | Peodiite cadial Cow padktrns leciroatshs pecpend Kewhay: bo the Peiwoastaby_peepend Leu ay Ly Treduce axiod Flow. gasktms —| | pina’ Ny, patelleisve.A 2 Ane vessel |__ Anta Nessa\ wart 2 Sf hy Ace Suitable Ao ints with dynamic visteriKies OP x0-s0.Nalm™ Se ant 3p Are Suitable Ao. myx Viquids wi _- dynamic _wiscosidves vp vo 1089Bis - Pecan ye Tet | Geomeryical relakionshies sna Aypical Tier ene conning 8 pShos (ody tinadticad vesse\ ) ct patie | a (-) a Gi blade Mak blade buctine soar bine, @) Dy a Dy /g ees UG) Mp Dr /sae WW R Dr) 6 ) y= D/H MW = Dp 4 Syme trical_baf 2) ba Big aaa a where, BD, + Agitator ameter. D, 5 CyVinaricalkan. ALameker.. ee Weight o§ Mauid dy Ake Vesse| ype Height Brom, kanis vottem bo the edge of agitat eh : Babhles width. a 3 Blade width o_ vy 3. Blade length... = Central dise diameker on Which the blades ave ror 6- blade flat blade esr bint 7] 3) red. J)4 [Minna © &. Elec of toakPles ghee) sp2 EBS foe eae of GeWannOMes ANSIETS Leen, geet Hm nage manta ucla} — | ANodho}—1 “ehe ohC tas —“promoke greater warring —and. e | produte a amore RRR Sc lnbtuteaiauce! suc Race. wikhow = ton tfles machen — Rorm ab high Speed. id is Rorsed loecalh | tener bogcr borer ating, tn the Liquid rca Tia Radia Ls Sooclace —o4Viquid Suk — Com yesGond Ae Aka Verte. ae id Penn titel i 4 | ea sae Dae oa gh (Batlle) phe pee Vp ee ina 2 ee pt Sa Le Baad) pet ar Salt : ep Bes eee a ht Rat ed Bll = ge aa ace bap, Nd es i phe Bs 4 errs Asiaeuds WoR@les= — with battles Sse Uaatimd kee bees plateh tesa ae FE As qoudwainal 1 2 Lange blade Low speed agitate | Ree een a at Lorge —lolade—tow. = Sprted | agitators qre\ude anchers, gales) | paddles, Welical ribbons.ond \nelicel screws. Usuatty— ak 2 used. Ae owix velotvel yy high wiseesity Niquids ond LAegend om a large lade orua to groduce, quid mavewent rong houk lata te} Rin chons have Naeem tsk be etnl|— Viguids sth Sypawic visesity we de loo Parsec. ees,bP | . 5% a Dimension ess! arougs Roe mixing epee aus cls ee re PSR LAV EAE only Za Stl he b pe MIGNON a i. : Ps Ue Be Bae tee ae bua mumbur Sud), | wheres Pg the power consume BenlZ)u ue eb Pad © - f Coes aye an to Supgrecl} Nov \ exing «Since Mer kening iS a atavatedions\ geet, the leAs mok tequwad - to deserybe oaktlecl Froude namie _ ke exeshenis Y= 0 Mique. sing sys ttens< Be Ab tase oak ele hee a A= if Meth 15 any a dot oukMes. Me os? ALAGY S181] poy (Werke) Zeb GA Se Slee ad 12 | GUElD 41. EW) at | Pee How P= Np= CCR), pS Boxed GN Wey) S53 Nor hex- ty 32 as -omer—-khalifa—— — we NE er si eyo + (Wem sae Geo Se Bow velscotin eS hy Nip 55d) pos oe a Dep (yee oe a) (SU = ning) (UE a5 be es - ee le ode i ab i Gael os AE obs Bodo ur Mow SE yen i pope wyes - Lb ley Np. = ee me \oq Red= Metewaiuare ut ier eae i " Pawer Curves z eon | A power. curve iso plot ot ee power Rwction D or Phe gomey Number (Ned a gamst the [venotds saawrbeye On. ae Scale.Neamt dees Power Carve For ba Ped wAVor ening System Sea EE op ie Sten pei ena nse LT RET] SMOG Poet a Metastasis see | Nakes: 11 Bach onbigurahion qeemedyicsl has ks win power Carve al each A ae “an dependent oh ante Sete. | | Z ects Eeua: _|[2)__Beve Nao PR led ora —uarharing sys tenn equation. || opptics —__Wog New logic 3 atte (Redn} 4 w MIP i j 1 Sei fi 5). Lawminays Slows lregion ” (Relm <10 3 the slope isc) i leg Ne slog.c-— 10.¢(Bedon You Ans ela pi be Bid) 2b le te i man PESO Res lO SoH Sea |) | — wen ver kexing System 2 Jl for the. ¢dandarel dank Configuratre re (ot ex adotp ttpe 2 SS pb teas ) 2 ae ; 5 For, TUrmnsthton Region BOD «soe (Re), C10 the Pavamekecs (o)_ sed) Aw CAMS HH Nar OnXinnously ‘ an | ; 1 5) hee Fay srt tent ion DE (Rede S 10° p he care 16 es Mors Zomkal: awd She qower Cunctio wwe (Redm_iee = is independent ey Pwer Carve Rex! untae ied System omer khalifa Viscous, Transition Teybulant riehe range nage >Mining | it f . 2 Notes lhe pdawt (co) wiere _[Xe), = 300 5 fa) ke power curves Poe the traSled system ig Hl Ha dendecah with power curve feic antrakiied systew well ha) As are (Re) increases essjond point {C) im Nee —twahaStled syshew-Mochevans, maccenses and tee gowerLalls shace\y- sf (foud No.) 224 by ee ks 0 emeahena. fo > Dieo5 (ieee. ular Notes Ts _equallicn cam be Used ko calculate, only the) power Concamed bey tre agitate , AAdikional Spower Gs yepuited bo overcome elecdrical and mechanical losces which occur Wy all Mingng system . || Fer n\n Shad 9 Legale Bs = = i ik ae Rae 2 sanaanieseaieas omer khalifa— Where; —"Tg2 Tip speed nt ae ee + Agitatpr diameter -_ ae pe My Rerreludto— peck . Agitator tip. spads TS are commonly used as a meu of tha degree ef agitation in att quiel manors system, Tie Spud range for turbine agitator. 25 3-3 m/s for low agitaton 3-3..—-H-| m/s for medium agitation G-1 5-6 _m/5__for_high agitation |)2 ee Sheek 4 / mong 4 EE ; “Qi —Colliota ane —athectee bien powec tn (w) Per a 5m diame — |G —blade Hat blade Awrbine agitator running sk oe veuss. in {orem systema cdinforening be Moe Standards Thee quid in | Roe Raine WAS a Aunabic viscosity of 1.0 .N9/m7 anol a tiga — density of tous ¥5/4q7, given Ake Raw is_toallled. Sell it Qr{_Coleuotrs Mac thesvetical power in iw fer aol na diamerge 6 — lelade Mot blade Luring agitator? twinivesy ok 16 ¢8u/] omy oh AOS yg Nena witout olfles pwr cXnerwie _| ID Pant ta Mae Standard tants configuration The liquid | iw Meehan has a sanamic viscosity ef ood Sfm™ awh! ox Uyaad clensidy, ef Qo ky Zon 3 given thot. the ming | dante is undated, Tass Pes ee ee Qs |—Callotat. the _trenre sical power in wartt—Poree3—ty cioweter_6—lb lavle flat —blade purine a g/talbrr—nenning at_o.0.6 reufS (a tame _SyStena— tonfor mins, tothe Stand fank confiyunatiyn _(ailih baffles) big sid in te |} ee ee andy nslbpaps-Bee Lol omer khalit a: T Qu Cal Culote Ae Lieoretteal Power in Wart ler a gin f—— dismetirn 6 —blade flak blade turbine agitated rumting at 4 re/s im a tants System Conformug +o the Standard tun Configuration ( provided with. bakRles) —! The liquid mateline ta the Nescul hada dynamic Viscosity ef 4 Us fm |] ond clasavidey, ak devo Alon Bea iern) Shuts Elna 3 Aa A NS lat 4 he if, Dzolmn _| (Re), = ae agen Ht, Welbreitexeslen = )fe0_ dea = 208 2) } (fe se ees? Remo. [Feo ie9 eee By eM game lk |For _[uRe) Neer lia aS ar \ a5 3 a 5 Nida. eee)? GA) ee aauee ‘i 9-80 =e eses So ee Pure _2 Gas) GS oe Plowsy ee eno 636_(g\ven)}- = enn (Fs: beaten (o- 1-6 WwW: | + Laat - oe pexeeth 3. gare wnat t So t ae Uae Reictuppil sme i eco ag Np = 09-0-— 109 Ren Lines. slopes -\§f Pb - is — Por €-blade flat blacl mixer C24) ° wet leg Nps Hep Gy- 40g (99rd = 0-683 + es 28 | || Sr SOc See Runa eC = | Bete PNUD 2 7-3-6900) C206) (34.5 34S Wath. —| Q| CiRevee Pee Dare: Base pre 18S. Patvoo, 7 a z — Mel slr | (Pdm- 2-100 UH)” ason0 | f ° Not thet Re > loos iin thit_ryiom Tarbulant t Np ¢8 Gnstand —omel equal to 6:3 am Pe aaah el 34 og é bp PND =~ 6.3 (102) (1) (Ss) = 14-60 an o oe i eesgl = ver oe i Sheet 1 Flaine? BY TM lamar; flow , velocity potile tm pipe for Newtonian fluid is ; Uy seaLe (2) + Ux ts Pomt velocity ot ewvy radial position (ry) use. the, Cquakion above te. drive an expression for velocity grouiint of the Pipe Way a) Gy Piet tebe survey over the crose sectional of 10 cm Siameir yield Hee Fortiowivag date 3. r ai ° od oy e-6 os Lone Ue - oo ee tas 2495 eB oF 3 ° _ Estima. b Unman 4 10 mis ley. Numericed method . e Bs] Woter Frowing through pipe of 25 em diameter the Seperimental data is shown below tke s On RRB Hin ihe | Reel p 165 Ux 638 Ga tay y 23 0 Hs~#E- Qu] Find” the (4): the pipe throwgh which « Hacer, (8 Flossing t ($.3.20-3) ome Mao] poise at’ Mak. 20 Lwin Rnowing thad tha flow i's stream bine end average presswe dup per unt length is 7 Y92 emoPeils Clear the pomt ‘velocity cutel Shem stress at dlistence Grad ond =oS -~ x2 — — —Selutions te provleme = lve. aro flecols Une BALE ¢ -y =2nLt- (Sy ]= = 2ue -25(8 Ux 2h u a wie al) met Me) 4 1 ga v Ar2@ = R ~" a ~ omerrkhalifa a for lamina Plow Hof Sty 7 L 324 = SMe AP. i Py id oe Hien -L et ie ok gh ss sah | —_ 4 = | el A ASQ= Ux 4 a |e attra = an [ Yer de eo? EY) aa Seb error © FO) 8x B . Sen, Ee fe | 4‘ ° 10 o . 0.2 oas aol VT 2095 OnM o-F eo2 2 alb |o6 oF o02 F 2-2 oO? oy op oy 3 ee oi = Gebg! ig ° |_ fo- . ta iter dpe [fe “- 5 [fe f+ : 2h + a2] i ¢ ool ; ‘we #8 Lewes ate. Ibe mien loets road] se sotprt ys. 5.934107 ® a 20 (5.93x10*) = 22372 w/S, es anus ~<—_ e @s| AQ — Ue RU 2 die — ; ae = is “wt ; e uy r Ux = as ee « \ ° ° e-0635 oO Oo” 2025 o06\ 1925 Ri8> fe | oy 2-057 o- es ty 2.67 xe? \. - = ! LX. eG, o-0 4S e-oy Bxio3 ‘ (2 | ons o-l e-023) 2. 3xi03 dos | 4 e125 oo Ga 7 | : | R 4a a: J anus dr naa eae ds Fx ay * hx s ¢ i € S frarste BL for, # 22h waz fi - } <5 ate : 2 SPS [oro 261x0 wExi0) EH (usesKio ay .p I = 168x163 '; = Bk j She Fld | 2 4 _ AP di Cali Q << (me) seen i i. BE. ¢gh = eBlloodaga x VE 27698 Palin | | f jes rai i! yi Axio *76n8 : I (ian i Sp diz42lm 00423 ™ \ ‘ wr, rer arte. yLec UE" « 6p (% pense SMe FE). Wy 25-217 [1-(2)'] | S| wh eed \ | q 24 |. — Ug =o 7 T- By 224 w/S ao Ux =5-81F Lino] 2S BIF ls Ces =e) ¥ eo ee uy) when ve S ¥ | L Beg 2 ECS Oe (Hae | ca 2 ot = Bese Pa | | e When Veo | | Tre=oS62, Sheet2 / Fluid Qy te the flow rates through The pume is of Ms op water fing the pump heed. The manometer Yeading is Loo Cmilg. given that the cuction sile Hamer is 08m. auch discharge side diawtus iy. olSm.. t Qel A pipe at different cross sections (2.2 , 25.8, 6S)em? (vespectively at points (4,23) the hegit of these peints 92,65, 21 Gm baseol te the Reference Ing . The ripe Join to an open tank as Shown below the height & the wel tn the tank is 2m base fo the RP ime. ColewleL- 3 (1) Q- (2) Pond “et all pBints . (rectst faction loss). omer khalifaQs Find Prewereed a (ans: Flay = 171-7 Pa) ‘ B a3) 15m Ch wet. oe yu Syn 0.8 45m 2) Pressure ok ALC (ans) Un to-umds tim B= 46 KPa fas 69-94 KPa Pose 674 KPa. @ E D ip by) Jan meompressivic tind flows wp word In pipe ak an Y bay CB) with hei zantat + a) Deriwe on exeresswn for pressure gradiant im pipe Ww Drive am txpressin fr the length of the pipe Im which the pressure reduced by hath (7 Gheulede the Length of the pipe (lL) ever which the pressume 1s reslucd by half given; ies -%%- 2 ’ sheet 2 (Cont 4.) C= $i 200 4s +4 Pe 200 KPa, , Os 30° AWS a) AP. Pg sin (b). te Fe 2950 () Le (7m. Cleukete the Pee Poe, een, Tso 4, P= 20a, . = @| Coton TED eee Ruled to pump core 7 oP Amin °F stycerme thwogh 150m of 225m PIPE diemetern discharged. freely into an open tank 5 oy above Ths lwef of Te fourer rtamze - 44 B slycerm = 9 pore , Ps i2Fo ky m3 rag f jac. 2c, &J) ™ ~~ TES let ( a (SJ r s™~35- Qe| Wot flows ini So mm PIpe » 100 mw tong — whose Ra) \2 Youshness £ = molS mu » TF the pressure drop across Mhis length is not exceed So KPa. Wht is the wal velocity . P= to Kafe, M= ovcol Taesec Ai pump developing a pressure ef Bee kPa. useol to pump watur thwh a 150 mm pipt of Soom to & tent Geom higher. The Flow rate obfainas is 0S mise. As a result of corrosion nna Stoding - fpective absolu__ roughness of the pipe Swrgace mereases by factor 10 Whe jouw -entege is the flow ek. relied 7? lo: omer khalifa grin tele 60m e PSF ha C a Wodtr frows fram donk trogh series of ripe jomed as Shown YF ta exit is) tom below Ake level in tha tome . cofudale the discharac velocity. pipe is cast tron (20-25 wns) Take K valne for txpastion ancl Son traction = 0-9 bie torm dua Wola | d= tocm Laetoom Ly toe m dete$6 4 estan septal of prabloms “for Sheet 2/Fluis! suo discharge: {$i 4 ai ou wo = loot Hy | . 45 an Wy more een ner hy as apa | gero2y, ess Sa 1 pun an pee als t Ad) Doral die mw gilt 6s Cbsbule Bhy ae bls oly ( fe) » i(i3ee2 ) 3 eon Bho = 136 m. ws + RR 20 eet oe - > phe = 36 ™SL Pat @2,@- ne ae Lyosen oa ue CAPSS eRe, sey Beds hy —$ = 2H0-8/ = 1-79 ™ Us ze) 3 =(2-Z ~4HA 3-5 1G FRE na fS =e = ao72(2 226.500") = = 3-84.10 “hs Wea gis yc bs F_@ -@ 2UsAy UsAse UrAr Us/As) _ os Zs Us= (B) = se = 14a m/s U,- Us(A3) 26. Oe) tia re 31S) S-92 (4 Georg M/sB%- 2 ES z ae Qe o- Batt italy. —_| u 1 FP) wet hegioe? Oa ee - -® | Bay et) a ene) ga | f-B - o.1gs s rT) 4 Pe 018809) + Fh 2 0.198 (009 K481) e101x 1D =F sto}. PY x10 (Re. = 102.9 12. Fas ¢-230P8) + = 1-23to0oxg-F1) + tol 3x18 = 113. ax Pee nga-3 te. es >_> f » Qs/sh. 2] eu CO ®D way Fg. Wen per kes ul a tag tA eet gb ree a hy m/sco B79 3 Re 279178) +f = 5.748 (lo00x4-8)+ lol-3 x10. F=_13g. 68 Re. Qy /Sh-2 es 2 oe Bist he naa PR’ eg 3 @ © eee Zit ate Sates ee ONS pa! DBP y, gi ts on | \ ») 2(2-%)2 S$: = pele <10.33 “Ys | R uo PR | seer Zi oe =e ee J, up P39 *, tag “pg t tg | =— Baik Z,oZe | @ 7 ' Ss 2a ee ee { 2s 4 Co mie?) (4-9) 4 told x10 = 69.44 Kea. ! sis Bete) iS @) eres fs Up’ : Bam Be ay oS Hdpetz 3S (g2-7:(O-Bx10KG.B) 1013 ate > Yo = 46.4 KPO,= Pom » | { Coa) Forte ~ fee - pA= afer 4 = Pas]. ndtesine g pneninenitos Raney = ae ae ee “= ——— | tb) fF des fg sing dz seh : omer - khalifa cry" x Pgcinol “pebpal =F Sino L Bhd oo, VS ne tome 8 2 CZ sind . = x10 (©) | bs F e if 7S SiO 2Bx1270x4.g91 8 3M BO bz Am. SSS? 6/sh-2 | Energy babne @ I® ae BoM fab, WY a; eg ae 4 ° 29 SP. av ne pareEBA mn Ay =U, Ae 2 mais 2Az 5 ea (9lo4)*- =. BY (o. 3 rae foe 2 Wet) (0.2) were Ma a a z 2 M Uy H16U,_U, 215 UZ 13600 X4F Laing 1o00 x4: Ses © + O- abs en #7}. ____ © omer, khalifa us z tigy ter te = pag ay | (ermp hi 2 Style Gy J —9- hy | (2D Sp sep Yeu | i $s! . (pad, be Qrz | I eh > Be BLxI0" : : a= 4x 9.Bl x10 4 Lotxto = 443.7 x Pa. tap ee . ; 8 PE EN eo \ peeae gi y 76-26 5 “epmstes Fie =e = 65.784 KPa. £ Be : i Ze WIS) x10 ESD KGXIO hip -. TEER = 43.66 mw Bre foeo AE 8 Powers pPxh Qs 43-65 VEAlCCON O-e72 = Bo txiew72. Az q Pee = 0.4 Pus | A Cp x5 = Pas. ‘ 4 | _& Oe SK} =. d at Energy balance betwen @) 6s —— ——|f ae teem es ert hie a (ZB) hy $$ porlerp ae see fo “3 a [Sep bee RR = = o-8S m/s eae | fg — —;—omer-khalifa a | yY | | : . i ot — 7 ESA 2p (Lamia) —_| | = (Te Convert from Poine. to_Pasee) * a. ole soe Je Re 237° #26 | | oe 5 i y ' hyizie (ovens nt 52: soe a3 (o-85)" «soy mn = (225xi0") 2x9-71 : t us: ons | fp = at S-Bdehs Fay PE ASB S869 my Power = C9lp@ = i2?ox 1IOXS 96.9 00-025 Power. = 30u3S KWQg- sho = eS As aes rai +g a g s ee gai 6 7 = Fee Too 0 x9-8 | >: ~ ae if 23 l Hs uw Fi 8 oul \ + 23.) omer, khalifa PS i wees LA Uae sot | Posies e¢ (ib 1p 5 bps ep Daalisp cay do) {| ; ect Sycbaey Re wets wed? Hs, poy) | SM, Assy Sia) ) a cis Is ods) Dssib het po | ernie PS lM ame we | Ep Gidioaye Neld Zope UL wo ons (2) | 5=(3) (D3) , | | | le we vy, . ere R. fe ee pK 2(4) (Day 3 ti) x295 2x9-BX1006 z z ° 2 eyes) 2. J, fe =(p) by Sousa. t f Too ete? : 7 J, Re = 56 KIO 1 Peg. coeds oe se 7 Vo. 1 ~t4p 3.¢ 7 ed ne > Rez FRG xO = 48 “ary ; 4 ye (Z-Za) + (PR) ey 4 ¢ Beerlet) aw 24 my oF 1000 AGB : 7 a i— hee ae tk aIp) B of po yids 2 BOE ita: _ Us teypa= ee / To 1S) %e 2-22 maps + he 2 Lf, BOS ee eer txie 3 eo J = 1.7% x00 # peas “SE oles Wi pw ict d : m is stevemteot by Jo feet ik Leo & 3.003 S ~ Ly at Ay aat2q a8 LIS : Mp 3-8 bi Cg a, Bax Ube mated ap J ' Or 40h a wr? Tk = <<) ee ag AT _ z 3 t Je = tatty LAL, 22 VMtoce ssl t F Foe yet Rex 245x007 abi n ‘ =e TMI sy ue ID mS : @,-@ 2.92-1-97 Freda tiom im flow = too on ‘ees Kos_@O@ aod) ow aise yao Ks Haze ly zon 4 hy : 2 Q1o./sh- ef uy, oo) we _ hye axog Se 3 Bett ie Ha (8) 2 ‘ oO A etl) ya = oF But UG PisMeAr=UsAs > UageuUg 2 2 QW U. uU 20 = 5 + LB av + 84, (1000) a + BJ,.1009) ‘ : us “, i (Aes + BJ, cooe) 3 PIT Ty Sp et ee De yt Uy ot dow A se Sire o2 ABA) adh oy Us ee Seth wee ry cy pus rey, Wy pap nds. os 4,' In os mse ao Geant % coeds vs py weds Uy Byes ego> Sheet 5 /luid Qa- sh3|— Utube mamomekte was used to meawre Ake pressure drop in apip c—Ce-0S m diamuior). Why Gas Cor of 20C is Mow w eipe ae uidate vending Ns 60254 wm Ho | @ %) Cobeuket. the sme pressure drop. b) Glatat The U-tebe preaching +h the 2 is Yeplatesl by War at Same tonditions. Ra. Shes} Oil has_ spgr. th 04 oma viscosity a on3 Flow ok —tonstowd Lemp... trong), a pipe of ero Tl 2 M — PYOVided With Pitot Aube to measure Pa- se’ a the volumatni, flowrate... The pliot dake is Gnneced te Ute weno mi $F contains Wain. taf eletis the volumeTue, Plone if He ananometre Pending, YS 9-4 om. Qs. sh.3} Waker Blow of nate af 23 lit /sec. Heough apipe +4 imsicke dfmmetr, FS mmm. The Pipe is providedt with orifice metuc ( dezo-2sem). @ How route Ae fle Namaliny of Ue mangmcl rr,a Quy ~Shuk 34——Aie— Flows throng, -oup ip ofp 0+ Smad james, ——— at 30€ Provicled with a pilot tibe to measwe We flow Date. T} the manometsre Jenshings a%@ 5 cae hh Com Wao) 432 9.%0S 6.78 4.626 _3-SS_2.032 0563 | Com) ° 4-62 12-} 19548 20.32 22-86 249 * bay Glut, the flomnrate of aie 2 —______ Jee b) x Th. prtot is _replaceal by orifice rmetre , frrel ® GY the magus samedi 13 SS man Hy. ame dp = 2-2. essen ete Qs: Sheed3\ Liye bas Sp. or .of 4-3. Plow ino - pipe +f inside. diametin of. Som provided | with_oreGmnion 4 dee mm) TF the -manpwen | ranaligg it 10 Gay ond duchange Goof git is ‘ _ e+ 6) -Coheketu Es ! 1) The flowrate = = : ae 2) The pressure lose due t orifice mL . ' Qe- Shaatly The rate af flow af vate m o ISD mm diawctor pipe is mmeatweal wi 9 D rardens! eater WA 4 So wm dia depel . whe the pretione aye over Me Convers section GW A2L mon 4 way~~ @y- Sheek 3) The_rate of Plow of waFr in a 150mm FE- the flow rnke. is 2.0 K9/s. Wheat is tHe cotdt teed, Fev the conversing cont of The. meter at This flowrate diameter pipe is measured with a venturi motu _with A Somm astoik > Whin the pressure drop: oven tle | converging Section 1S Aon mann ody Weturs the i flowrate ls 27 KS /S Whek is Me confficiod dor the conversing “come of thee mite ok that flowrati aml whet is the Mad lost gue to friction 2 TF thetotal | vtoss af hamd over He mihrs 15 1S vam Waki, Whok is | (The wtthicwd for Th diveraus, cone 2 Qq + Sherk 4 A votowstim has sabe 0-3 m Hons: wrich has an internal Siamhur of as mm ok the 407 and 20mm ot HL better The diameter ok the float Ts 20 me, VAs hhective specific oravity is 4.8, and WL Nola 6.6 co. TL the corfGrcient of dischogr ls 6.92. of whet hegit will He float be when mekeoma Wain ok too cm/s 7— + ~~ == A e ! Solutions to _probtems a Sheat.3 [rhs 2 ee Q4--sh3 = ——— (a) eh = 0-025) m Hg. — —— Vevy tow APs $4h(K-7) = 9-8) x 0.0254 (rséee fl) | AP= S388 Pa = 3.3g KPa... aes ea th) Now if AP 1s dhe Same at in la) but angted e eh cor thine is water AP= 3397-5 <2ah o-Fine) 9-71 AN (13600 Hoan) Bhs 3388.3 4 (12 600) -S6-0274 mm, “omer khalifa i 1 Qs Shs) Asan ae 28-(R-f) 8z ee 2%4-81 Galas eerie ey e i mr e ae Ao mes eH M/S — i es i She Blow 45 lamin i -- Hh eS Uo seS (iw) oF m/s New 2ekaen Bor! tancany assene Mon - PUI qoox 07 « 2-762 : Re= Hs ae ie = 364 | ( lamin] aa 2 2 Q=UR = of (DL Ae 062) = 3-14 xt0° mis ee wr 7 a re be easel = ea BZ ue Alby Dea eee esahoe- == -@;-shet2=j|—___ a Sapien al Sapo hy | agah RENN ehh yy, et doz c025™, dys 0.095 int OG g) Ake cap ere nh Inf Cy on AL Cy pa BD, 9.66 BO ot LG | = U,= Ss Bx” 2 «612 ws He (e-025)* Reon Fad Pud. = _!200 x0: 612 x 25x16? (xcs 1S 3e0. Using Fig. S-u2 P08 vel de C= 064 Now n+ 6) = O35 =e-6F04 4 x10 1) Cs00) Sma sixh - o-98F he 2-O42 ™, i ———— + —- Quy Shet3| pir flows thous o-pipe af-o-Son wat BoC -provideol with pitot tube +o measure He flowrate .Tf the manometir of pitet Presslog.s ane ; h (cm Meo) Q-32 B 30S 6-78 4.896 355 #032 ofssy r Com) 0 V62 18-7 I7-78 20-32 2286 By | {ay Caleutetr The volumetric Flourak of aie?PM bx 24 ie st ee KT te Ke - RT 2-082 A503 co | 2K 4-81(tovo=b e ee sus — gee ae ——L),| ° @= 26 J (Ukr) dr Ate sheX tos, (2). Boel Dope tyler gine oi SL ed eH 25 fptudy 21518) tds and HO) WP Qe ee (i pa x I, (49) as | Hite Wao) Neem) Ux Cmts) (Ue) OY a 4:32 Genie 3a-6s ° \ B+30S 262 | 3F.42 2.352 o 678 12. ___ 33.92 $2495 3.554 20.32 24.49 ; 4-476 2.032 22.86 | (8.51 4.23 2 S$ $3 24-76 ~ 9rbl e 2-28 > (Sun AAD Fon pict Qss-Im/s (e) | 29an( he?) @e GA 1 ane (-] e > Os 15)“i f \e2- PAP rcpt SiO a Say Pe ee | 3 ag h(&-rye Q= G Ae Ta(at Peg her : eee ame agit), 242); i | sa duh Ceo? woh ow os ead Sepywlese ca, pur olp Ne wets f SAe| | thaby oe “pti van emutur J) ager ply | Se a” as py Bidy a ev. x ee } Cae an fs Gg shaky 1 = - } = 28h (fe-Dip a. . ae 3 ‘di ae + Geoer - dozle tm. y di= Somm Ais: Ra, 2 B(soi)*= tas xo io? ————————_—_—__.. Qiao: et 4 2g UIKOt (13800-130)/5,, [1-C3.)"} ra ne 3 Qs 2.06xis" /soO sNoueg @ ‘ | : ey (Sheek 3 fives, veer Aha curve, we ne rte R @:af (Uj) dr é ae : e pe oes os lesnid mt Set) & ra Une sn egP las) Bw /s Ss a Q i x v4 ; = x > a eo : 3 ryset - Q fo%- ‘ —+— 5/33 eaeee 3 3 1 = 4.28 pou Bigs E28) = 8-9 Ley Alas Pa 24 . ae ter Pe goers OS ton Nig 204-81 ie xo> 7) (R- A)= gh (tee p) (a) ioe | = oe . Api Jun hina E pould a See |Ve = Converging, ine is 25 eee war SEL ea ergy se tt — | 20250 mm igs eee (die 150 we Lge Se BF gan m/s fe e ! | é ZZ h- x CscG hoe i { rs S dé = 2K 4 FXO = & (1-96 x10") pee mex * 1- (30 )" Iso = eee omer khalifa b= he. a) onith py adi Po abe Zed, -=o-t (i 109m) tonverging pod acl 2 hg = 4.54 mmHoo Le hee hep 2 hyps Mg hee sis-u.sy e Po ee ey ee 2 efi Mee — -1 z A 10.4S KID we.) CU -') > G=108 <_—See ae ee = XPOS (a iy oo? e-02s A= 0-8X 40-24 @ ©-2KT0-24 X21. 2m xed 2 b+K _ teh? 5 a ats 2-025 ie = + oth 2 OP yevk Lo-satz 26, ay °-01s de bath 1 A) deine. as Ten/i | as A, eee @ \ Al Br]_ G@= QP s0.1xt0*x love =o-l K9/s 3 (2 -£) f= (4800- 1000) loon m 3. gx10% (2h) es: aM a BC 282) 34 x05 vael )* oe t AR - 2 ( Aowk (eeety” 3.4 xo" 3 m z Ky Jiaaa tp. Sq es 88 tpipeof. aia ieee ele dang cid “as the, vertical, ies C2) Theepipt contains _| Bae. ophatas cml a Gales sralure: Cobtutates the] hesiti Z ofthese Phavettle plant. givenCail z fy the. pump to A ithaes donk Sie abave the CL ft the pluapaiThe. Suction presiure new,ones rer& _ cous xI6 3 2:05% 7. ao bf Sees REA B ue ret La ax0, puobaina SH) oer. wet| (21194 103 103 %18 ee Bre : love Kgs 3 —Vf-R 90025 for, Dttboos ak, pes 2ae ees a RU Re >. =. Pg agt tat Zi-Zes OZ! aed i So BE. PE hyo ogatiossy(g 3)(45) of = _GoS72 patee i ees “; ck sc eu? wi we) ae ea Pe eb) . ae bane 2 Heth | ccad a i ‘Ieb0% YDb bx Co.e2s ii VE SUeR Col (2g xie2)t 9~ Pow ase— aes Kees pt ce evil toe Bt The storage tanks Aaomel.B contamina, a geinetaine, prdact: discharged Awash Pipe-et osm Spada ht S Kw end ko -a junction ak—D. Fam D AKe produit Vs-onried PY a OS™ cVawtu/2 Fee to acthird stomp e Homie oF Kn ot ay The Surface af the dred 54 6 As ‘wally low abwe Wot imc ak the tequd Wel Bons Yu kighws Tt thek in A Chalo he Rial wrote of Sineleoge ob ts bated 4} the 6 Pp ee + mild steel Tape the density oft priniomn predachat 32 Ko/ne ok rhea veces AS oF mNs At, | Grateline oe 20b rd Sp gr of (OPE), the viscourhy E is 2-867 Cp «4 pumpol thaws h apipe ef eS alvamition. wt a rab ob. Simin ak the wok ob Zoom Tae. pipe 1S branched to, Thrus pipes fociownteny _*@ 25 ee vmnd Leg th 4 5.0 y Joe Bee Lvespectively, . Cateulett the Phurats at each jripe , given tat the thre pipes ore. lischarg cal fo atmosphere, e7 ee Flow %. . & bags: 4. To wa trol the Second ioith — diametur : oem Be potapd Som - Clade, The ei flow rat in each pipe Neyhet tee fatction losses in fittings aniol tle losses dine. fr difference in elevahov, Cal fio cil of & ET SP.97- ond bep Viscosity flees Hoough a pipe line an onfice with opining — lfemetin > of one- badd the wnsiole, Atemetey of ao pipe is useal to Measwre Th, fb. TH 15 preprsed to rplecee! this orffice with ~ ventur) with threat cdiamcty? eg ued to orilfpes cliametee) + TF th. co of erifice is o-6) of and tht for vettuni 0-93 7 aud the Pols mate, is anihimajedd -cadtlate so: Ay The ratio ithe vinituxt revel fo orifice realy b) The tate af Ths mb Presswte loss due te “fhe vente. istalletions te tha found wit Un oti fire Qs] Water is foes ck 1500 cm /S In 0 Sovm Mam. Oe Pipervy wekened by mums fa Simple orifice Samet 2S wm. ch tall cong hic ff discharrg eof of, metu> i$ 2-624 hak will ve “tle ds florence im (wel lon a manomei— filled wit meruiry Connected cccress tae meiA——" °y Sir pee ef Pe ab one jo—protiessef shack eo * BL, in Us is ® = Bs a a ee ‘i Shes ee : Ze Me 2 Tye MO ly 42) SO eee Ss from Os0 en- ==2-YB hg = BA pees ® ie Co Me = ry Bor dos At jpreece , Blo ti “£SKe it, ya Ft Blows) CAE as 2s Uy =. Fe 155 UA alan rug)’ Ox jou e350 a t Ie Petal bay SBS) elec ree SE ahyes 2 “ —©. Oa Ue : fiom @) SD See erat 5. aout —hppoZethge yes (Band bp — =o ®| ithe eS fee ® due & i Ae eS On Bug So gud 6 ip Oe’ | Wes CF 6643. Un) New Ondine, eqn: s QrWH_ey Baz Res DT cot) Soot nt | AseD (os)taas ne | OOF An +e 0-0F Ug ols us fi c 20 Ua bod ( ete t= ola (E66. oH un) = < Sy WA S erry | Ma shu wl Qs ocquy 3/5 | Me=t-43 ws Qe~ess mis | Uc tN m/s C > 0-227 m/s © poe Ame SSN MERE ors eb te PENG i EAR ass ol Atay Gin! Je an | lien ua ie1 bP _ 928 ; @ Bishkek 5 /entl- = = Energy balance betuecs Adc aot p41, of : Eres blence betecen ASD i 2B =k a 7 aRzaR= Pa = Kae hyeahy : da © eseiubeass ub, oner khalifa Moe e8T Ut estes ).ue 4, 3 —YD Also Ng) =hfg yp U3 = tg wow Rpt Qi4 Wit Q;z Ze AU AU ee Ay a «me Cees s zi RAH C ou = S.e26 x18 2 TS te ane - Are iH nt = Ha AE 2 (se 21.48 x12 de, 22 Soren ety. g x78" CUS) Une 1.46218 LI Us = 257-5 ma/min B= 4 Us: 282 “/min Berois Mg 2 BF m/e Oj oS6. _ — = a _ ®rz tooo Pel / her 23-195 nV bw z0zm 42=30™m e 1 A,= up De 775116 3) fle= TD = 0.034 | Eneny quaton between a3 ® , Shagy equahion betnen Ashe . SAG eR We = De | Qrs QixrQy = [5-785 = (asx) ee Coos) $67 BS som( Teel Jur + 0-0 Ty Ue Une 107.59 m/hr—— —~Qy = ab Ur = 47-7 M/be Qe o-3Z, fe & ey) sek 5/ Fmd — orifice meer doz a Tabet) a a=%, wee < cs onfte were — (D cil") ME Ft Q-Sa, Ae wemleet/f ae Viner toe bé Ny . 5. artes Efe) in ae @ Oa o> mks 2 2:58 Teh hye lt Lagy jabes os Bho i yet or) he et Wy oIS PRY cs \ AAS Paps broek Bh en Qs) Qe 4 hs ir Witt) iP. 7 Fy a( aay Cc 4ay*y ee sue’ wis cy = 0-62 do =2S™™ ope : dis 5omm doj)%) - 25 Se _f2)- = (022) = 0993 [nc] 21 OD" 0 reser 1-S x5 = 0-626 axid" Me c-ogt WH = 9-2 Unig. {eee eel 2xe.a! (136 9437S126 - -1- bal oh Sheek 6 / Fluids pe } 24 A pitot tube used to measure the Flew of | wat, in Siw Ala. Cipe. TE the) wean velocity =S msec. sh pit tube is connect across meyenty : = ued An manomekey> oo whek sMould be the lwel | dikherence ow Wy nanomAyr Qr| The discharge over rectang layy notch be uy when the Water level is 23 cm abort the wer. Psswme Cys a6 Calder he width of notch req mod LQ5, R merury fillad U- tere manometer ennectel acwss Venton mei. doz tim, disid wm The marometey—~ vending 1s 3 cm, My differentia for the flom ef an ofhef Sf = 0-7) Celene th dis chwye flow nab. z Qu Wo reserves are conmectal py three Pipe: WA SEMes \ | @ Un Alem aw Beo 30 {fea 250 ie | lez) 2eo 2a. A ssuming PE s0.0t , ors wea a 03 vespectively“To ig Shut €7 Fiat: —2- N |i beta Teh ischang e Har ongh oud t the elevats 3 |] difference t he Hwel is 20m. | | | $]Qs|. Two reservoirs are connecteal by three pipes In patatled Wr dv q loo 2 2 Zon 20 iB) loo lo | The total discharge (5 o2 m Vee Souk, the dilfwence in elevations G he to Swhaees inthe | vreservtors BT 0-02 reach pipe. | & 4 Cy | | @) gas of 62S te? 8 persae Toa sec flows mf — so — rt thug h a bed gf spohescad Petites + doz ares mr i the Meas t eH bel Sm 2 Ee: 4 plapssso Nia Cabealale— — Jha Superfacisl velociig | | | ¢ | gas Plows Tangh racked bel (73 625 les m3) 2d Pe bso? asec. the beal 4% Cylindrited par tictes of ae 8 2 Lay and Thyceness 20-gmm, bul SjametIr 21S in hewht ofdyy . Peper feciad =0-03 MUSee 4 Cel cut The pretiure dap. . No Pp prices = Bodoa 12Z6- shat 6/ Fld: ear if ee | Cal A veservioy JOm xX Tm Section ntans ws | uprte a depth of Sm. The wel ts asm abeve | the grand id is desired to emply th tanis thonsh a 1Tem opening nen th, pte ok the veseruer + gst faster do_emply it through Th opening 43 an orifice 01 throwh a pipe reaching The grounal. Take fer pIPe SJ 20:02 Kioss = | Qal A dram of 06m dia, Which centring WALL ty depth of dim ts desivh te emply inte adrian by WANS Siphon 4S Shown. one end of siphon ts Weld wwthe dvam near TAL bate ah the othr end is held at an elevation of oo m above the base the dram . How long weatd ib take te empty the dram © ff ssame d of Siphon =15mvq and Fm lors al BT. 2-00]aw AZ Bi = Soliton to Problems - *t Sheet 6 to00 54.96 tT 2H Fle (13bo0—I00H) Check per Res ud SKS 4 Ree LHI © lo90KFhoOS oye va feet 2 Weg 1 A? ea ERT I Bhi Sel a= 554143 Zo 3 O14 =2 Co6) bvty (0-23) => b=076 ™" —_ Qz ne aes | aa @a ct | 28h hReh | UMN qnigeat 3 Pe Se oe '~ (Sey ri Ss a i Toke Cyz 9-48 or Vow Ayer ( | Mer Be =F Coreg) me 1463 X10? ihs J w Q 1 x ZC BIC 13 600-1008) 40-03 ‘ 5098 C146 3x082) ee ea ae 1-(2)" lo 3 Qs oth w/S } <_ omer khalifa & ~ 2 ue YW, 205 ap (oy (4) + PRG) ay t yc) 1 seer a )¢ #) + ovees( 25° Gees 2 o07( 208, Zoe ) ug | r oe” ) 2xe8l 20 eye go= 2 uy Wz 4 22 9 79 ee 2+ 35 Ug A =AcUr +> Uz fru, d 2{2 : m = is 2 yw et4qul diy” ao \ MastZ) MW =(3) = BIT Uy, 2 ROKR < nomi 4 256204) 41 + 30 (S06 )UP 392.4 = 2234) UP 5 hIS4 a Usk 2 mss | i | Me = 1g m/S Mas 2-43. eeVs - [3t- / eo 2 Bee le BA ies a ag ag Oa | Zi-da = hy 1 lye yeh ahyy a3, (“) we 28 le) we = 33, (ts 45 WG) ay = OFS a5 7 BAIT) a 2 | oa cieg (Ht) = oon ( tee) ME Sean? & rose tel > Uas 0707 U, 2 < ena Ss peenl se) = ‘S00 y= teoo us => U3 o-J0F | Qa Dir Vit G3 z | 0.2 = AM + A222 +AQUs = g lezuy 4M co-a)le-107 4) + Eloy’ (oqo 4) | 0-254 =0-0753 Ur DS Us 3-34 m/s | “Ue s 2.38 wits | gt Rais RTT wal : br yu [bees GS h | hy = con (22. (33% ) = 77y mm) | | hee oo a t \ || Zrzee O7eym. | 3 |a oy Ree it mr fer spherial PACIny ($0 = 150 abistice pie 4 | (gd (20%5)* SS Us oeZ nls. =— Ga) Hires, aps (kK, Mu) | C1 w) |- & Ke=S afdrse de eis Me bex/6 oa. sec. Les fim omer khalifa Usoc-o3 m/g + ES ep hae Ye S 65x16 My 6s OSKIBL Og KEKIDS Le xd? in Sz Sarttcle Sun face omen, ° Fariay Velen , (Prvete sufeces Mad 4 2Tvel 42 (re-rt) | = 324103 wn? FRanditche — Sawindie tl (rear?) = 478x007? m? so. 132x107 = ga6y a santé 418 x05 F oe Volume of PACAT hel ahcomaiandt | | °° | eka cena (chet tea, eS oil eRe (Sis) Te rae geee, / “HOt theet J— Contd. — 2 aes (Ke # L) (es S | u = e p (1-038 2764 oP =(3x wee) | | Kee 3 (eas)? OP = 123-4 KR. t Taal Bn Uae 2gh | _ 4 Wide aye, Poet p10 ob = Ca B&B Poud Use GT *h = Que G Be-) 23h zat (ons) Jagh & oS Qo ze o4svh | Meise ably ? (xt) dl Pa cea fh Beth 2 f Gd dh | wet po] i, Ope 3 ae oF 7 ts B64R sen- 10% _ 2 (| —}|—Qe/shat 6-/ Contd ._ zr : case B Z 2 2 Bebe Be ty ced cf 2 EA. 2 ! 4 | hy= 8% (F) 3 Ky od | | ‘ | 2 a é ZZech = 97h) Me, We p ge | Sag te P05 | h = ove( 2%.) Wy gus ij ce apt AB = 4.93 ve > Merag hs ieee ie : = AM « ens) Qaayyh = o035 > oj dh tgs. - mos | t+: | St ills = izes | ho ooh | \) 25 8 8-095 (OS as “eee omer khalifa YDS pe <8 = (22 ats = PIYS See. | gry Ids « ASO M2 PERN va dre kb OA BIG Ue — Ms, elt) be — } L= 25-32 22m | | za | zs | GolL -!36- Shek Bf Tamping System. og = itt s/uq Py ste is EN, st onls—, A stati head she Such na the Inside, NPSH imc Pamplny ecjsiten if tke Mawid density PL 1x00 bg lb a ee _ | pipe—diaweder = sat mand the otk leg on — cht id Sole toe The Niquid is ot ibs ‘bes — ef @-condunsec—in—wicich te CGeateersce idan iS B.1Y.6. sates My 922 N cunbrifigal — ern fae tse coherence feel = Fig act td danger ine SO nt nab ak Se — wove side. cauitecien. vapomue pressure, 2f 0. merece, 7 Tf losses \nathas Lani rconwuade ve a banal. Luvch inthas condense aoe the pump —ideh f. | tof 4.5 an, What iynusit be ita least heigih o® the vga omer khalifa = Ladistitiatton column throwgh o vaporizer at the ral of Goocni/s | anal te intvoducedd the superheated liquid above the vapour space {tw the rebilee wWhicis contains liquid to a death at toFas,. | —lid=25 mm . ond ZlLes= 10m _( take tte pipe as Swefte.) calculate the state Ruadl in Suction siole Zs if the pipe diawdar| Quy Two_tentvitigel pusups_alte._ connected in Series ina given» ——— | || suemping system. Plot total head. Ah against capaci by- Q_ pump a | Hnael sys be Seth Carries and determines the opeardig points Rn _ | {jlo only pump 1. aang - ose - “ [ick only ‘Pump 2 Yanni --— $$ sd eat Wey Naot Pames Tana + Susait | on Nae leaSiS of The felouing dato. = = Operatives, dst for pume + Ses _ a Baym 50. 4GS BT GB GES HY yl — 39S 36-32. 29 — lq wis 0 25 5D 75... [op #5 ISD. (PS bop BS 4250 Lllopeuting el for Panne a ao. 39S 39 39 — 3 -36.— BY --32-—__ S28 295 Quo 25, 50.95 lod 125 480 17S 2d 227 250 | Bhz,™ tl ate Br syste 8 - = Wa Vahsem 35 3% oe aus YS BS SWS SHS 66 TLS io HOw 9 26D Shed ABE ISD... 195 -200.. 285,250)—~(TZ- Sheet 5/ RnPiny Syston. Lge lp niesti = #, . B-Re ‘ 2G aoe ; RR, (The Viguid is ok US bethinn pais), kip s OF fZbesp ur _ ade ts 7 @ \ | Pe Pdi ce] 3 dt Nad RP Cee || = at Ory = é jf _ 8 : fl = o:0Gnh. i ae i 0 NPSHe p= 4Corosod) 7 FY) Cy)” ap ans 4-8) 0526” on PSH—= 4-03-04 =< T omer khalifa i | Qow: _ Rewrtieee Abode : Absslub. pressure = Atmessheris 2 —afhtmospheel : Rap ee fn psd BR. | le Bz F60-6v0 = 20 mmHy = (6000 Re Pas Fbe-J/0 = 5 went = 6640 fee Pee K5/m* , NPSH= 3, hpse tS am —|__ Ba Ze + (ceizextize: abs. (160) gogt Ay. = BBY wo _~ 458 Q=H00Alo 6 O/s | Cywss-secHonal aren ? pipes es Bz wen 24.914 m/s _ ie a Rebel le Bedi qi Hass) ~(b) f Since he nga bad pumped (sack tks tbe sig, poh. R-Qvee — pS = Ze-—hys — = 5 A Rew Ped eal & gern oO Y -025) boos xo XO-B16 a Baz Kio | OFA wer khalifa et for Smooth pipe from chart pac-ve2e I, by = BY (Sts) ae mi a lewanrainaese 2 )xlo = 60,304 om _ 22 By = 0.304 ae Ba Bb eres oR 4%. From plot of prblem.@)_j— 7 - - (2) When. only —Pamp b Paring ——-@ = too. wilh. R= 46m Fd 6) 4 Femp2 running — Qeeges m'fn, bes34qm Point ad both Pames ramming Qxzos min ph 245m Pointe) @min | as MIS faa) 440 | | |y GEES 20 ~ PART ONE BASIC FLUID FLOW the flow characteristic 8u/d; must equal the shear rate },, al the pipe wall for a Newtonian fluid in laminar flow,-since from Newton's law of viscosity 15 (2.4-10) or , (2441) For the turbulent flow of Newtonian fluids in smooth cylindrical pipes and tubes, j, is approximately related to Nx by the equation . _ 0.0396 Lo ee (24-12) Equation (2.4-12) is an empirical equation which holds for Reynolds numbers up to 10°. In terms of the Fanning friction factor f, equation (2.4-12) is known as the Blasius equation which is usually written as 0,079 (2.4-13) An alternative to equation (24-13) for the turbulent flow of Newtonian fluids in smooth cylindrical pipes is the yon Karmai equation which is normally written in terms of fas follows: {= cy For pipes which are not smooth, the friction factors f and j for turbulent flow are a function not only of Ngg but also of a dimensionless roughness factor e/d, where ¢ is a linear quantity representing the roughness of the pipe surface. Values of ¢ for various kinds of pipes are given in Table (24-1), TABLE (2.41) absolute roughness einm drawn tubing 0,0000015 commercial steel and wrought iron —-0.000045 asphalted cast iron 0.00012 galvanized iron 0.00015 x cast iron 0.00026 * wood stave 0.00018-0.00082 a concrete 9,00030-0.0030 riveted steel 9.00092-0,0092 7 = 40 log (Nae ft) — 0.40 (2.4-14)| vi fr p! : semua ea~ FLUID FLOW at the pipe m Newton's (2.4-10) (24-11) th cylindrical the equation (24-12) h holds for n (24-12) is ten as (24-13) ich flow of | von Karman lows: (2.4414) tors f and j, out also of a ear quantity fe for various a ——— OS a i if Al- FLOW OF INCOMPRESSIBLE NEWTONIAN FLUIDS 21 For rough pipes, f for turbulent flow is related to e/d; by another Pp PY: von Karman equation z I di re Fi 7 406 108 (F} + 2.16 7 2415) Friction factor data are conventionally given in log-log plots of- friction factor against Reynolds number such as the j, against N yp plot in Figure (2.4-1), i 0050 0030 0 Rw A hO10 1 pat i} — <4, «= este toes m ee 4; = inside pipe diameter, m fA ¥9~0:0001 woer€ So > Ho? omer khalifa te qo Shs fs it = io Sos i ay ‘| ' j 3. 050 > 1074} wok 40-030 8 010 8 fe 0008 Sea, § |—o-001 an g Smogry {——0-0005 = 107% Ml itll we tiuil JioX—0-0001 2x10? o 10 10° 10% 0 Reynolds number Ne dimensioniess Figure (2,4-1f lq Friction factor j, against Reynolds nurhber plot.6 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Pipe Fittings Most pipes are made from steel with or without small alloying ingredients; and they are made by welding or drawing to give a seamless pipe. Tubes from 6 to 50 mm are frequently made from non-ferraus metals such as copper, brass, or aluminium, and these are very ‘widely used in heat exchangers. For special purposes there is ni very witte range of materials including industrial glass. many varieties of phsties, cubher, stoneware, and ceramic materials. Tke normal metal piping is supplied in standard lengths of about 6m and these are ivined 10 give longer lengths as required. Such jointing is by screw flanging or welding, snd the small diameter copper or brass tubes are often brazed or soldered or jointed by compression fittings. + A op erperangs of UN bow NURLE 2A. east end barges aie iate arranged for industrial pipe layouts. For the control of the flow of a fluid, valves of various kinds are used. The most important of these are known as gate, globe, and needle vulves. In addition, cheek valves are supplied for relieving the pressure in pipelines, and reducing vaives are available for controlling the pressure on the downstream side of the valve. Gate and joke valves are supplict in all sizes und may be controlled by motor units operated from ic control sysiem, Hand wheels should be fitted for emergency use. On the whole, gate valves give coarse control, globe valves finer and needle valves the fines! control of the rate of flow. Diaphragm valves are also very much in-use for the handling of corrosive Muids since the diaphragm can be made of corrasion resistant materials, Some average figures are given in Table 3,2 for the friction losses in various pipe fittings for the turbulent flow of fluid. They are expressed in terms of the equivalent length of straight pipe with the same resistance and as the number of velocity heads (u'/2¢ ) lost. Considerable variation will occur according to the exact construction of the fittings. ‘Typical fittings are shown in Figs. 3.18 and 3.19. ‘TABLEI.2. Fletion over pine fits ‘Number of Number of ioe Sometert _veliy heme (Ba) 35 elbows (a 1s 3 407 bows (landand radius) (b) 30-40 ~ Ger eines mows fe) o Envy from Tex of Tpiece () “o Eryn ep Tee () a Unions and coupligs () ery a lobe valves ful 0-300 Gate vl ; “0 Pa on 150n conte ‘tiny there poweUniversity of Baghdad | Es chew otEagnecing Bi eer it “tia Yoas-fiet Atempt cee erases ate: 5161997 Flea Flore Time: 3 hours Final Examination Q.1_ A centrifugal pump, with the characteristics given below, is to be used to supply water to a house from a nearby lake. The water surface in storage tank in the c, house is 2m higher than the lake surface There is 50 m (equivalent length) of 5 cm steel pipe diameter connecting the lake. pump and house. What flow rate of water can he delivered to the house. Calculate the brake power of the pump. (arr) Capacity [10 | 20 [30 1 a0 | 50] 60 | 7 Head (m) is [147 [43 [3s Por] 6 \ [Efficiency (4) 38 | 32 | | 64 | 63 | 56 | 45 £ of steel = 0.046 mn, 1 = | cP & p= 1000 kp/m’, A- A centrifugal pump with an impeller diameter of 50 cm delivers 0.032m’/s of water against a head of 25 m when rotating at 1450 rpm. (1) If its G efiiciency is 82%. what is the brake power of the driving shaft. (2) If a pump with an impeller diameter of 80 cm is rotating at 1200 rpm, what would be the discharge head and the shaft power. Assume both pumps bilge es sop taime (3) Compute the specific speed of both pumps. Calculate the time for a liquid to fall in a tank from height Z,= 9 m to ze 4 m above the level of diecharge ec of the outhe pipe Bo the bollowing data: tank diameter (Dy) = 2 m,1.D. gk outet pipe (Y= 0.02 m, Jp = 0.004 & equivalent length of outlet pipe (L.) ~ 2S mor uw (Q.3 A gas p of 125 kg/m’ and p of 1.5x10™ Pa.s flows steadily through a bed of eylindrical rings particles (the dimensions given below). The bed bas a height of 1 mand linear approach velocity of 0.03 m/s. Calculate AP through the bed (No. of particles = 1300). D, (Outside diameter of particle) | 13.4mm abue steamy 14.9 mm (Thickness of particle) 0.86 mm Q4 A Develop an expression for the orifice meter equation. B- Water flows through an orifice meter with 25 mm diameter. situated in \, 75 mm pipe diameter at the rate of 3x107 m’/s. Caloulate AP in the Hg “manometer connected across the meter. Assume the discharge coefficient and explain your assumption. (p of He= 13600 ke/m’). Q5 A tank is used in mixing a liquid muxcture of p = 1200 kgim’ & p= 0.01 Pas using « typical turbine mixing standard configuration (6-flat blade turbine). If the Up speed of the turpme is 3 mV/s and N= 764 rpm. Draw and find the dimensions of the mixing tank and the power requirements. Q. fey fap tol? Zaid Kadhim Ahmed * Ky