BIOL 103 Homework Set #2

(due in class Oct 6)

Chapter 4:
1. What are the differences between a monosaccharide, disaccharide, and
polysaccharide?

2. What advantage does the branched-chain structure of glycogen provide compared

to a straight chain of glucose?

3. Describe the difference between starch and fiber.

4. Which blood glucose regulation hormone is secreted in the fed state? The fasting
state?

5. Which foods contain carbohydrates?

6. True or False: Consuming too much non-nutritive sweeteners can contribute to

calorie gain.

7. How will eating excessive amounts of added sugars affect health?

8. List the benefits of eating more fiber. What are the consequences of eating too
much? Too little?

Chapter 5:
9. Whatdoesthehardnessorsoftnessofafattypicallysignify?

10. Namethetwoessentialfattyacids.Whyaretheyessential?

11. Listthemanyfunctionsoftriglycerides.

12. Whatarethepositiveandnegativeconsequencesofhydrogenatingafat?

13. Howisfatdistributedinourbody?Answerthisusingvariouslipoproteins.

14. Listtherecommendationsforintakeoftotalfat,saturatedfat,andcholesterol.

Chapter6:
15. Describethedifferencesamongessential,nonessential,andconditionallyessential
aminoacids.

16. Listthe3functionsofbodyproteinsandgiveexamples.

17. Whatismeantbynitrogenbalance?Giveexamplesofconditionsassociatedwith
positiveandnegativenitrogenbalance.

18. Whatarethedifferencesbetweenvegetariansandvegans?

19. Listthepotentialhealthbenefitsofavegetariandiet.