EDUCATION IN PAKISTAN:

1.
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b.
11.
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Meaning of Education
Education is the light of life
Education in the light of Islam
Education is vital for the development of a country
Education in Pakistan
System of education in Pakistan
Article 25-A of Constitution of Pakistan
Literacy rate in Pakistan and other developing
countries
Human Development report
Problems of education in Pakistan
Inconsistent and conflicting policies and
political interference.
Low education spending
Corruption
Blind imitation of western curriculum and
modes of teaching
Private sector's lukewarm participation
Teachers related issues
Examination system
Gender discrimination
Lack of technical education
Politicization
Poverty
Impacts of these Failure
Failure of democracy
Degradation of society
Hampered the economic progress
Agriculture and industrial sectors have suffered
Government's attempts to amelioration of this sector
Increase in spending on higher education
Establishment of HEC
Reforms made by HEC
Faculty improvement programs
Tenure Track System for faculty remuneration
Provision of laboratories, equipment and
scientific material
Alignment of academic degrees with
international norms and standards
Exploitation of the potential of distance
learning
Provision of scholarships
Accountability in universities
Impacts of these reforms
Enrollments experienced a robust growth
Recruitment on merit
Suggestions for improvement
Implementation instead of projecting policies
Education Spending should be increased
Promotion of primary education
Maintain balance between public and private
institutes
Hiring of talented and qualified staff
Higher Education-A Panacea for Pakistan
Infusion of technical education
Future of education in Pakistan
Conclusion

ENERGY CRISES IN PAKISTAN:

1. Introduction
2. Pakistans Energy Sector
2.1 Energy Supply
2.2 Energy Consumption
3. Sources of Energy in Pakistan
3.1 Non-renewable resources (Fossil fuels)
a). Petroleum products
b). Natural Gas
c). Coal
3.2 Renewable Resources
a). Hydro power
b). Current Hydropower stations
c). Potential Hydropower stations
3.3 Alternative Energy Sources
a). Wind
b). Solar
c). Agricultural biomass /bio diesel
d). Tidal
3.4 Nuclear
4. Causes of Energy Crisis
4.1 Growing Energy Demand
4.2 Lack of proactive & integrated planning energy production
4.3 Imbalance energy mix
4.4 Non-utilization of enormous indigenous energy resources
a). Thar Coal
b). Hydal power generation
5. Consequences of Energy Crisis
5.1 Economic Factors
5.2 Agriculture Sector
5.3 Industrial Sector
5.4 Unemployment
5.5 Social Issues
5.6 Poverty
6. Conclusion
7. Recommendation/Solutions of Energy Crisis
7.1 Judicious energy use/saving unnecessary energy usage
electricity saving devices
Awareness campaign for energy saving
Reduction in unnecessary transportations
Installation of effective equipment
Decreasing line/transmission losses
7.2 Developing new energy resources
Tapping indigenous resources
Using renewable resources (water)
Import of natural gas
Utilizing alternative energy resources
Wind power
Bio diesel /Biomass
Solar
Tidal

GOVERNANCE IN PAKISTAN:
1. Introduction
2. Definition of Governance
3. Governance in Pakistan.
4. Failures of Governance in Pakistan
5. Causes of failures:
1. Political commotion
2. No democratic setup
3. Military intrusion
4. Feudal indulgence
5. Massive Corruption
6. Constitutional crises
7. Institutional clashes
8. Mismanagement of resources
9. Lack of Accountability
10. Over Exploitation of funds
11. Restrictions on media
12. Ethnic conflicts
13. Sectarianism
14. Extremism
6 Essentials of Good Governance
1. Public Participation
2. National Integration
3. Political stability
4. Constitutional supremacy
5. Institutional supremacy
6. Unrestricted media
7. No military intervention
8. Socio economic development
9. Independent judiciary
7. Good governance and Islam
8. Distinction between Good governance and bad Governance
9 Parameter of good governance
Responsibility
Accountability
Rule of law
Legitimacy
open administrative system
Good relationship between ruler and ruled
Definition of bad governance
Arbitrary policies of ruler
Irresponsible attitude
No rule of law
Unjust legal system
Closed administrative system
10.Impacts of good Governance
Individual Life
Social life
Political life
Economic life
11. Good Governance and democracy
12. Conclusion.
DEMOCRACY IN PAKISTAN
. Introduction
. What is democracy?
. Nature of democracy.
. Beginning of democracy
. Democracy since creation
. Causes of failure of democracy
. Impacts of democracy

. Measures for the survival of democracy

. Conclusion
PAKISTANS ECONOMY:
A- Introduction
B- Current situation (facts)
C- Economic problems of Pakistan:
* INTERNAL THREATS:
1. illiteracy
2 .poverty
3. corruption
4. misuse of resources
5. provincial tussles
6. deteriorating law and order conditions
7. extremism
8. political uncertainty
9. habit of borrowing and consequences of this borrowing
10.water,power and energy crisis
*EXTERNAL THREATS:
1.threats of reaching the war on terror on into our borders
2.proxy war b/w India n Pak in Afghanistan
3.global financial crunch and Pakistan
4.international protectionism rising
5.climate change
6.propaganda against Pakistan by India
D- emerging multi-polar world and lessons for Pakistan
E- positive indicators/hopes for the future:
1. multi-polar world a hope
2. judicial activism aimed at countrys betterment
3. worlds efforts on climate change
4. positive indicators in our economy
5. pledge of Friends of Pakistan to promote countrys economy
6.efforts of higher education commission
7. consciousness of government
F-Opinion for consideration:
a-individual level effort
b-state level effort
G-Conclusion
MEDIA IN PAKISTAN
. Introduction
. What Is Media?
. Functions Of Media

Creation Of Awareness

Strengthen Democracy

Promotion Of Tolerance And Understanding

Attract The Attention Of Policy Makers

Strengthen Relations With Other Countries

Entertainment
. Effects Of Media

Positive Effects
i) Political Analysis
ii) Economic Debate
iii) Social Awareness
iv) Religious Clarification

Negative Effects
i) Political Gimmick
ii) Social Evils
iii) Deteriorating Religious Impressions
. Media In Pakistan
. Challenges To Media In Pakistan
. Causes Of Controlled Media

. Suggestions
. Conclusion
FORIEGN POLICY OF PAKISTAN:
1-definition, nature, scope
2-constituents of foreign policy
religion
language
geography
economy
regional cooperation
defense
emotional ties
3-constituents and objectives of pak foreign policy
ideology of pakistan
historical legacy
national interest
geographical location
pan-islamism
defense
terrorism
economic situation
indian factor
4-pak foreign policy and effecting factors
indo-pak conflicts
afghan factor
terrorism
economic compulsions
religious ties
us-china conflict
us-russia conflict
5-principles of pak foreign policy
sovereign equality of all states
non-intervention in internal affairs of other states
respect for sovereignty and integrity of other states
non-agression and peaceful settlements of disputes
6-international relations
pak-china
pak-us
pak-arab
pak-iran
pak-afghan
indo-pak
7-pakistan and international organizations
pak-uno
pak-saarc
pak-oic
pak-sco
8-failure and its causes
no role of parliament
foreign police rounds the personalities
military rules
inefficient policy makers
lack of policy implementation
patriotism is not ruling passion
economic and defense compulsions
role of army in us-india factor
9-conclusion

SOCIO ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF PAKISTAN:

Introduction:
A problem-free society; desire of every individual
Defining social and economic problems
Why they are a menace?
A. Social Problems
Problems at the time of separation.
The current scenario
a. Poor law and order situation
b. Poverty
c. Illiteracy
d. Corruption
e. Unemployment
f. Child Labour
B. Economic Problems
Power crises and war on terrorism
Loss of MNCs business
Tumbling stock market
Unprecedented Inflation
Declining exports
Loss of Foreign Exchange through Tourism Industry
Influx of local people from war
C. Remedies
Improved law and order situation
Poverty alleviation
Stern accountability
Building new dams to curb energy crises
Conclusion
NOT ECONOMY BUT POLITICS IS THE KEY TO SUCCESS:
Introduction
1. Islamic medium of politics in the fifth and sixth century
2. Advent of Islam and role of politics in the subcontinent
3. Political affairs in the subcontinent till 1857
4. Renaissance of Muslim nationhood and role of politics in the
subcontinent after 1857
5. Freedom of Pakistan is the reward of true politics
6. Disparate triumph of politics after the inception of Pakistan till now
a. Objective resolution 1949
b. Exchange of war prisoners 1971
c. 1973 constitution
d. Revival of democracy in 2008
e. Eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth amendments
7. Sophisticated political affairs
A. Political model
a. Good governance
b. Pave the way for accountability
c. Eradication corruption
d. Motivating competent judiciary
e. disheartening feudalistic culture
B. Economic Pattern
a. Mushroom FDI
b. Enhancing Export
c. Industrialization
d. Development in agriculture sector
e. Overcoming energy crisis
8. Comparison of political affairs of Pakistan with neighbor countries
a. China
b. India

c. Iran

d. Afghanistan

Conclusion
GENDER EQUALITY IS A MYTH:
Introduction
Thesis Statement - (Hint given above)
- What is gender equality?
- Gender Equality and Religion
+ Reference to Islam/State of woman before and after Islam
- Gender Equality and Society
- Gender Equality and Western Countries
- Gender Equality and Pakistan
+ In Pakistani society
- Recent Developments in Pakistan
+ Benazir Income Support Program, Woman Bank, Minor Credits etc.
+ Woman in Government, Organisations and other roles.
+ Strategies adopted by government related to gender equality.
+ Third gender empowerment.
- Recommendations in regards to gender equality
+ Women empowerment
+ Other genders
Conclusion
GENDER DISCRIMINATION:
Introduction
What is Gender
What is Discrimination
Meaning of Gender Discrimination
Gender discrimination in different Religions:
Christianity
Islam
Hinduism
Gender Discrimination and Politics
Gender Discrimination in Pakistan
Causes of Gender Discrimination
Suggestion about Gender Discrimination
Conclusion

GENDER DISCRIMINATION:
Introduction
thesis statement
Gender discrimination in Pakistan is distinct at each and every
level and at each for a discrimination is embedded in
our
social, cultural and religious precepts.
What is GD?
GD and developed world
GD and third world
GD and Muslim world
GD and Pakistan
On what standards we measure GD?
Western
Islamic
Social values
Cultural norms
GD at
Individual level
Family level
Society level
Local level
Provincial level
Federal level
GD in different departments?
Health, education (students and employees)
Services, businesses
GD in
Rural areas
Cities
Tribal areas
GD in provinces
Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan, Kpk, Ajk, GB
GD in the organs of the state
Executives
Judiciary
Legislative
GD in Law
Discriminatory laws
GD and
Media
Civil societies
Religious parties
NGOs
GD and our National History
Zias Draconian Era
Mushrafs Enlighten Era
Why is GD said to be threatened by
Cultural practices
Religious matters
Norms, values, customs, rites, rituals
Is there and end to GD in Pakistan?
Future of GD?
Conclusion