Meyers 2 @ ratevoaaz [2 Line-focus prineiple- used to reduce the effective area ofthe focal spot on the anode (most ‘common target anode angle i 12 degrees). Thisis what allows the best resolution of detail while ‘permitting as large ofan actual area as possible. + ‘The effective focal-spot size is controlled by the size of the actal focal spot and the anode targetangle “ ‘Thelarger the effective focal spot is, the larger the effective focal spot will be, This also decreases detail but i deal for larger anatomy such as abdomens, pelvis, chest, ec. | ‘The smaller the actual foal spot i, the smaller the effective focal spot will be, This does the oppasite of larger spot and smaller increases detall Useful for images that require smaller SID and detalled anatomy such asthe phalanges. ‘0 When the target anode is less than 45 degrees the effective focal spot smaller than the actual focal spot. + Greater anode angle, wider useful beam. *+ Smaller anode angle, narrower useful beam. Image: 'A: Projected focal spot Bi actual focal spot + Anode heel effect-The line focus princlple causes a problem known as the Anode Heel Effect. Due tothe angle ofthe target anode, the radiation intensity is greater on the cathode (side fF the Xray tub, ‘+ Aselectrons hitthe target anode, photons (X-rays) are emitted at angles between 45-90 degrees * Photons that are emitted toward the anode end are more likely to be absorbed by the target material itself than thoee that are amlted toward the cathode end, * The electrons that are emitted vary between 45 degrees from the cathode to the anode side causing noticeable difference in exposures when a lage film site is used short distance + The ideal amountof photons goes straight down on the central ray. Thatis why there isa specific place to lineup the central ray on each body part. ' ‘Thi ie why there is the “head” of the table Because there are more photons being produced atthe negative cathode side, you would want the thicker part ofthe part of interest towards the head to get more photons, Image: 2 ‘anode (3 Breathode (+) anode heel De central ray E: of central ray intensity