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l,lg fmr ud iska ,shk ,j iudcjdohg kj w: l:khla wjYHhs
hk uefhka jhsk nodod w;sflfhys m<jQ ,sms fm<la kej; ilia flfuka miqj fmd;a
msxpla f,i fuf,i m<fjhs' udlaiajdoh wo h,a mek .sh m%jdohla fjhs' ta u.ska w;a lr
.; yels iudcjdohla fkdue;s h' tfia jqj o ;ju;a we;euqkag wkqj udlaiajdohg
reoaO u fkdl< hq;= mdm luhls'
udlaiajdoh wo we;e ;efkl l%shd;aul jkqfha f,dal wrdcHjdofhys
meje;au Wfoid h' f,dal wrdcHjdoh f,dfjys tla cd;sl;ajhla" tk hqfo l%sia;shdks
weulka ^ngysr hqfrdamSh& cd;sl;ajh" yefrkakg wfkla ish cd;sl;aj keiSu i|yd
ishq j l%shdlrhs' wdl" foaYmd,ksl iy ixialD;sl flaIa;%j, Odldrfhka fuu
l%shd;aul u wmg lsh yels h' udlaiajdoh wo we;e ;efkl Bkshd cd;Hka;r
llre mx;s u;jdoh ;=<ska cd;sl;ajhg tfrys j l%shdlrka f,dal wrdcHjdohg jl%
j yjq,a fjhs'
fuu ikaoNh ;=< wo ,xldfjys udlaiajdoh l%shd;aul jkafka isxy,
cd;sl;ajhg tfrysj h' udlaiajdofhys tk h,a mek.sh nxfldf<d;a woyia lg.d.;a
udlaiajd fukau udlaiajd fkdjk Bkshd m%nqoaOfhda udkj ys;jd fjia uqyqKq me<e|
f.k isxy, frda l%shdjkays ksr; fj;s' Tjqyq ;uka lg .d.;a mx;s {dkh" mx;s
.egqu" wd ixl,am u;=rka isxy, cd;sl;ajhg tfrys j jd.am%ydr t,a, lr;s' tfy;a
tys we;s ysia nj yd fnd<| nj fuu Bkshd m%nqoaOhkg f;are .; fkdyels h'
fcda ldIa mjik whqka u mx;s {dkh hkak udlaiajdoh ;=< f;are
.; yelalla fkdfjhs' mx;sh .ek fl;r l;d l< o" mx;sh u; mok u;jdo
bm;a l< o udlaiajdohg mx;s {dkh hkak ix.; j ixjd fkdjk whqka iQ;% .;
lr .ekSug fkdyels we;'
fuu fmd;a msxfpys idlPd flfrkafka udlaiajdofhys uQ,sl ixjdo
lsysmhls' mx;s .egqu ^wr.,h&" mx;s {dkh" iudc ldYkh" ma,jh wd jYfhka
udlaiajdofhys tk uQ,sl ixl,am lsysmhla iy ta u; f.dvkef.k u;jdo lsysmhla
ixjd nj;a th weiqre lr.;a uQ,sl m%jdoh wix.; nj;a fmkaug fuys lreKq
bm;a flf' fuu fmd;a msxfpys wkqmQrlh f,i" Bkshd wfmdayl fN!;sl jdofhys we;s
ixjdoh fmkakq flfrk fmd;a msxpla wfmdaylfha remslh kka b ld,fha t<s
lafjkq we;'
udlaiajd iudcjdoh iy Okjdoh w;r we;s iudkl fndfyda g wmg
fkdfmfka' tlu im%odhl ys jQ udlaiajd iudcjdoh iy Okjdoh w;r ksIamdok
ud;fhys whs;sh inkaO m%Yakfhys yefrkakg wfkla fndfyda lreKq j, olakg
we;af;a iduHhls'
udlaiajdofhka m%ldYs; j lSug ;e;a lrkak iy bka lshefjkak w;r
we;af;a fjkils' fy.,a f.a n,mEu fya;=fldg f.k udlaiajdohg uqyqK mEug is we;s
m%Yak lsysmhla o fuys idlPd flf'
Okjdohg tfrys j we;s tlu udj; udlaiajdoh Tiafia je we;ehs
udlaiajdyq lsh;s' udlaiajdohg roaOjkakd Okjdohg mlaImd;Sh hk oafldal ;lh
;=< iefjka Tjqyq udlaiajd fkdjk iudcjd udj;la ksudKh lrkakkag wl=,a
fy<;s' tu.ska o udlaiajdyq Okjdofha meje;au ;yjqre lr;s'
fidah foaYfhys iy kef.kysr hqfrdamfhys udlaiajd iudcjdoh
lvdjefuka miqj m%dfhda.sl j u udlaiajdofhys ksire nj fy<s we;' wjqre
ye;a;Ejlg wl ld,hla ;=< Bkshd mx;s ixl,am hgf;a yod jvd .;a ck;dj wo

cd;sl mokulska lghq;= l%shd lr;s' je,af,a Tj ijd .kak meianreka fkd
iudcjdohg udlaiajd fkdjk kj w:l:k ug W;aidy l< hq;= j we;'
fuu fmd;a msxp m< flfuys ug wdOdr l< ish,a,kag u ia;+;s jka;
fj' fYaIfhka u fuys tk woyia jOkh lr .ekSfuys,d tl, ug iydh jQ fld<U
YajoHd,fhys .fIlhkag uu lD;{ fj' msg ljrh ksudKh l< fla' v,s'
ckrxck uy;dg iy fuh uqKh l< iskq uqKd,fhys ldh uKav,hg o uf.a
ia;+;sh mskefuhs'
k,ska o is,ajd
1993 foien ui 06 jeks k
uyr.u h'

fidah reishdf iy kef.kysr hqfrdamfha miq.sh ld,fha isjQ oE

fya;=fldg f.k fndfyda iudcjdka i,s; u mquhla fkdf' tu rgj, isjQfha l=ula
o@ tu l%sodufhys wjidkh l=ula fo @
weuldf jik ,snr,a jdhl= jk *%dkaisia *ql=hdudg wkqj f isoaka
f.ka wm ,nd .; hq;= ks.ukh k b;sydifha l%shdoduh" jvd;a ksjerj lsjfyd;a
u;jd flaIa;%fha wr.,h" wjidkhlg m;a j we;s nj h' Tyqg wkqj ,snr,a u;jdoh
ngysr fuka u kef.kysr o ch.%yKh lr we;' ,snr,a jdohg ;snQ m%Odk u ;ckhla
jQ meisiajdoh yd fldhqksia jdoh mrdch j we;' *mql=hdudf.a m%jdoh wkqj
b;sydifha jeo.;a jkqfha woyia h' fy.,a wkq.ukh lrka Tyq mjikafka
,snr,ajdoh ka ch.%yKh lr we;s neka b;sydih o bka wjidk jk nj h' ka
bhg isjkq we;af;a ,snr,ajd woyia wkqj f,dalh l%ufhka yev.eiSu hehs Tyq
mjihs'
fndfyda fg%dialsjdkag wkqj reishdf yd kef.kysr hqfrdamfha is
we;af;a iage,skajdoh mrdch u i iudcjdoh m%;slafIam ula fkdf' Tjqkag wkqj
iageka,skajd ks,Od;ka;%jdoh b;sydih iska m%;slafIam fl we;' fg%dials f.a ,sms
f,aLk j,ska mdG Wmqgd olajk Tjqka mjikafka reishdj jeks wvq hqKq rgl muKla
iudcjdoh we;s l< fkdyels njh' reishdf iageka,skajd iudcjdofhys mrdchg fya;=j
ngysr hqKq rgj, iudcjd ma,jh ch.%yKh fkdlsu hehs Tjqyq fmkajd fo;s'
fg%dialsjdkag wkqj iageka,skajdoh mrdch we;s neka ka ksjer udlaiajdohg
Okjdoh mrdch lr ksOk mx;sfha ienE m%cd;ka;%jd wd{dodhl;ajh msysgqh yels
hehs Tjqyq ;l lr;s'
iuyr iageka,sjdka fuka u Tjqka iu. tl;= we;s we;e fg%dialsjdka
o mjikafka fjku u l:djls' f whg wkqj udlaiajdoh .ek wm kej; is;d ne,sh hq;=
h' fYaIfhka u Okjdofha jOkh ms<sn|j Tjqyq kj u;jdo m<lr;s' Tjqka mjik
whqka Okjdohg ;j ;j;a jOkh h yels h' fYaIfhka u oHdf yd ;dlaIKfha
hqKqj iu. Okjdoh jOkh we;s nj fmkajd fok Tjqyq fjf<|fmdf<a wdlh yd
tys n,f. ms<sn| j kej; is;d ne,sh hq;= nj;a iudcjdoh ;=<g o tajd we;=<;a lr
.; hq;= nj;a mji;s' oHdf yd ;dlaIKfha hqKqj yd fjf<|fmd<o Wmfhda.S lr
.kska iudcjdoh ms<sn| j kej;;a is;d ne,sh hq;= nj Tjqkaf.a woyi f' f woyia
j, ;ldkql+, wka;h ^kj& iudc m%cd;ka;%jdoh nj meye,s h'
f w;r ;j;a iuyr iageka,skajdka" fYaIfhka u we;e udjdka
mjikafka fidah reishdf iudcjdoh ke;s hEu wdrN jQfha lDfIma iska l<
m%;sixialrK iu. nj h' Tjqkag wkqj tu m%;sixialrK iu. iudcjdoh fjkqjg rdcH
Okjdoh;a" f.dnfpdma yd fh,aiska iu. Okjdoh;a fidah reishdjg ykajd fokq
,eK' fudjqyq ;uka udlaia" f,kska yd iage,ska f.a u;jdo wkq.ukh lrkafka hehs
lsh;s' fudjqyq o ksOk mx;s wd{dodhl;ajh we;s lr .ekSug yels hhs Yajdi lr;s'
by; i|yka u; y;r ms<sfj<ska ,snr,ajd" fg%dialsjd iudc
m%cd;ka;%jd yd iage,skajd u; f,i ykajuq' fuu j.SlrKh imQKfhka u ksjer
fkdf' tfuka u ta ta u;jdo ;=< we;s m%fNao o wms fkdi,ld we;af;uq' tfy;a idlPdj
i|yd ta ta u;jdo tf,i o< jYfhka yekau wkq; fkdf'
f u;jdo y;r u merKs u;jdo f' ,snr,a u;jdoh fy.,a iska u
m%ishdkq wrdcHh iu. b;sydifha wjidkh ,d we;ehs hkqfjka bm;a l,
m%jdohg idl,Hfhka u wkqrEm f' ta nj *ql=hdud o i|yka lr we;' tla;rd w;lska
.;a l, udlaia o i|yka flf<a b;sydifha wjidkhla ms<sn|j h' Tyqg wkqj b;sydih
wjika jkafka fldhqksia iudch we;su;a iu. h' wvqu ;rka ,s; udkj b;sydih
hkq mx;s igfka b;sydih hehs b.ekafjk udlaiajdohg wkqj mx;s rys;" rdcH rys;
^rdcHh hel=Kq& iudch we;s u;a iu. b;sydih wjika fjhs' bka miqj isjkafka mx;s

igka fkdj mx;s rys; iudchl ksid mmQK;ajhg hEu neka udlaiag wkqj
fldhqksia iudch we;s jkafka b;sydih fl<jr lrks' fy.,a yd udlaia tlu ldisfha
fome;a; nj o Tjqka fofokd u mrK .siqf fmdfrdka foaYfha l;dfjka wdNdih ,nd
we;s nj o meye,s h' f fofokd u f,dalfha wfkla ixialD;Ska ;=< b;sydih ms<sn|
we;s woyia j,g t;r .re lsula lr fkdue;s njo ta ;rugu meye,s h' *ql=hdudg
wkqj wo meisiajdoh yd udlaiajdoh mrojd ,snr,ajdoh chf.k we;' tfy;a wdishdf
yd wm%sldf flda ixLHd; ckldhlg ka l=uk u;hla ch .;a; o bka isjkafka ;u
u;jdohka f.a mrdchla h' tu u;jdo y;ka l=ula ch .;a; o wjidk jYfhka .;a
l, th ngysr u;jd ch.%ykhls' *ql=hdud wo Wo wkkafka ,snr,a u;jdoh ngysr
ch.%dyS u;jdoh njg m;a we;s neka f,df ms<s.;a u;jdoh njg th m;ajkafka h
hk wdia:dkfha msysgks'
fg%dialsjdohg Wo wekSug fohla fkdue;' fg%dialsjdkag l< yelafla
Tjqka mrdch fkdue;s njg lreKq bm;a flu h' tfy;a wjdikdjlg fuka Tjqkag
;uka ch.;a njg lreKq bm;a l< fkdyels h' lsisu rgl llre mx;s rdcHhla
msysgqjd ke;sjd muKla fkdj" tfia msysgqh yels njl fiahdjla o olakg fkdue;'
f,dalfha m%Odk u fg%dialsjd mlaIh njg ixLHd;aul j m;a ;snQ ,xld iuiudc
mlaIhg w;a jQ brKu fg%dialsjdofha ch.%ykhla fukau mrdchla f,io O
fg%dialsjdkag jrKh lrkakg yelsu b;sydifha wjidkh flfia fj;;a Bkshd
ft;sydisl fN!;sljdofha h:d:h ms<sn| j hula mjikjd h hq;= h'
iage,skajd u;hg wkqj ish,a,g u jrolrejd lDfIma h' lDfIma iska
ykajd fok ,o wdl m%;sm;a;s fya;= fldg f.k fidah reishdj rdcH Okjdohg
we .sh nj Tjqyq lsh;s' fudjqkaf.a ft;sydisl fN!;sljdoh t;ekska u fl<jr f'
lDfIma jeks ;ks mqoa.,hl=g tjeks fohla l< yels o @ th miqmi we;s fN!;sl fya;=
ljf o @ lDfIma wdl m%;sm;a;Ska fjkia flf<a wehs @ tfia flf<a wehs o hk
m%Yakhg fN!;sljd iage,Skajdyq ms<s;=re fkdfo;s'
wvqu ;rka ,snr,ajdoh" fg%dialsjdoh yd iage,skajdoh b;sydih ms<sn|
j jD;j mjikafka b;sydifha ;uka fkdfhla jr m%ldY lr we;s woyia h' tneka ta
ms<sn| j t;r .egjla fkdue;' tfy;a iudc m%cd;ka;%jd u;h udlaiajdoh ;=<g
kj ka;khla bm;a lrkafka hehs mjika b;du;a jxpksl wdldrhg lghq;= lrhs'
fuu iudc m%cd;ka;%jdyq udlaiajdoh m%;slafIam lr;s' tfy;a ta nj f,dalhdg fkdlsh;s'
udlaiajdoh ixfYdaOkh lsu m%Yakhla fkdf' kEu u;jdohla ld,hla
iu. fjkia f' tfy;a ta nj fkdlshd we;e g udlaiajdofha b;du;a u uQ,sl
Wml,amk yd ks.uk m%;slafIam lrka" ;uka bm;a lrkafka udlaiajd ks.uk u hehs
lSu jxpksl l%shdjls'
udlaiajdohg wkqj f,dal Okm;s l%uh wnqohg hd hq;=h' tfy;a wo
wnqohg f.dia we;af;a Okm;s l%uhg jvd udlaiajdoh nj meye,s h' f jdlHh lshjQ
muKska we;e udlaiajdhl= l,n, ud wdjvkafka Okm;s l%uhg hehs m%ldY lrkq
ksiel h' udlaiajdoh fpkh l< muKska" tys wvqmdvq la jQ muKska mqoa.,hl=
Okm;s mx;shg wdjvkafka hehs mjikafka lsk ;lhg wkqj hs is;d .; yels h'
udlaiajdofha wo mj;akd wnqoh k th iska m%ldY lrk ,o wdldrhg
iudch ldYkh fkdu h' uQ,sl jYfhka u udlaiajdoh hkq b;sydih ms<sn| j ngysr
oHdj iska bm;a lr we;s m%jdoh fjhs' ld,audlaia Okm;s l%uh Yaf,aIkh flf<a o
th .;sl moaO;shla f,i i,lks' Okm;s l%uh o we;s " jOkh " ke;s hkakla
f,i Tyq gqf h' Okm;s iudch hkq iudc ldYkfha tla wjia:djla f,i
udlaiajdofhka ia;r flf' iudc ldYkfha m%jdoh f,i th jvd;a u kEl lshkafka
;j;a ngysr oHdjl m%jdohla jk vdkaf.a mKdujdohg h' ld,audlaia ;u m%d.aOkh
lD;sh vdkag ms<s .ekaug woyia flf<a f iudk;ajh fya;= fldg f.k h'

wm udlaiajdoh ie,lsh hq;af;a iudchSh oHdf olakg ,efnk mKduh

yd ma,jh ms<sn| m%jdoh f,isks' j oHdj kka yekafjk kq moaO;sh ;=< vdka
f.a mKdujdoh m%jdohla jkafka flf<il o" ta whqka udlaiajdoh iudchSh oHdfjys
m%jdohla fjhs' m%jdoh hkak ud fuys fhdod.kafka bx.sisfhka Theory hkqfjka
yekafjkak m%ldY lsu i|yd h' bx.sis Science hk jokska lshefjkakg oHdj hkak
fuys fhdod .efka' ^oHdjla hkq m%jdo ixl,am ksjpk wdl,am wdfhys tl;=jls&'
wo m%Yakh we;af;a wm yuqf we;s idOl ^lsisu idOlhla m%jdohlska
uqukskau iajdhla; fkdf h hkak o wm isys ;nd .; hq;= h&' bfha udlaiajd m%jdoh
flfia ixfYdaOkh h hq;= o hkak h' tfia;a ke;ak" ixfYdaOkh l< fkdyels muKg
th idOl iu. fkd.e,fma k" wm th m%;slafIam l< hq;= o hkak h'
ngysr iudchSh oHdfjys ;j;a m%jdohla jQ udlaiajd b;sydihg
^ft;sydisl fN!;sl jdohg& ngysr oHdf wdl,am fuka u oYkh o mok we;' th
vdka f.a mKdujdoh fuka u f,dalh .%yKh lrkafka .;sl moaO;shla f,i h' vdka
f.a mKdujdoh" udlaia f.a b;sydih" ksgka f.a .;slh" j;auka lafjdkag fN!;sl
oHdj yd YajoHdj ^Cosmology& wdh .;sl moaO;s jqj o ngysr oHdf fndfyda
m%jdo ia;sl moaO;s f' fuu .;sl moaO;s j,g fmd jQ tla jeo.;a lreKla k tajdys
ld,h hkak tal fh ixl,amhla u h' tu fh ld,h tla ,laIHhl isg ;j;a
,laIHhla lrd jOkh jkakla neka ta ta m%jdo iska .%yKh flfrk f,dalh o tla
,laIhl isg ;j;a ,laIHhla lrd tal fh j jOkh jkq olakg yels h' udlaia f.a
b;sydifha o iudch m%d:l wjkaf.ka wer Wiia wjia:d lrd jOkh u yeoEf'
f,dalh .;sl j .%yKh lr .; yelafla tal fh jYfhka muKla
fkdf' pl%Shj o f,dalh .;sl j .%yKh lr .; yels h' fmr. oHdjkays fndfyda g
isjkafka thhs'
tal fh .;sl moaO;shla u yefrkakg udlaiajdoh ngysr oHdf
olakg ,efnk fjk;a wdl,am yd ka;k u; o mok f' iajNdj Ouh ksid
fjkqfjka ue we;ehs ie,lSu" ksid iajNdj Oufhys iajdhd njg m;aug W;aidy
u" idOl tla lreKlg fyda wfkHdakH jYfhka fjka jQ lreKq lsysmhlg fyda W!kkh
lsu ^W!ks; jdoh&" i;Hh we;af;a hqla; lrKfhys nj ms<s.ekSu ^weoySu&" iSudka;sl
fya;=jdoh" kqu n,h i|yd f hehs .ekSu wdh bka iuyrls' f w;r Bkshd
wfmdaylhla ^ohf,la;slh& .ek l;d l< o udlaiajdoh wfkla ngysr oHdjka fuka u
rEmsl oafldal ;lh u fhdod.kshs' ^wfmdaylfha rEmslh hk fmd;a msxfpys fuh
idlPd flf&' udlaiajdoh wfkla ngysr oHdjkaf.ka fjka jkafka f,dalh Ih
jYfhka fjka fkdlr iuia;h f,i ^wfkHdakH j inkaO jQ& .%yKh lsug W;aidy
lsfuks'
by; lS wdl,am tlsfkl f.k iia;rj idlPd lsu wkjYH fjhs'
tfy;a udlaiajdoh iska f,dalh .%yKh lr .kafka flfia o hkak wjfndaO lr .ekSu
i|yd tajd by; i|yka whqka fyda k.ekSu wjYH fjhs' ^ngysr oHdf wdl,am uf.a
f,dalfha lD;sfhys i|yka fjhs&'
udlaiajdohg wkqj b;sydih ^wvqu ;rka ,s; b;sydih& hkq mx;s igfka
b;sydihhs' wjidk .%yfha iudc ldYkh wdl inkaO;djkag W!kkh jk nj
tys lshefjhs' ksIamdokfhys yd ksIamdokh fnod yef ksiqka O l=,l j,g
^mx;s& f.dkq jk nj;a ta ta mx;s w;r mj;akd inkaO;d u; mok j iudch ldYkh
jk nj;a udlaiajdoh W.kajhs' tu ldYkh fndfyda g mKduhla o iSudld
wjia:djka ys ma,jhla o jkafka h hkak udlaiajdofha Wml,amhls' ^fuu Wml,amkh
udlaiajdoh ;=< ks.ukhl iajrEmh .efkhs&'

iudc ldYkfhys isjk m%Odk u lreK k ksIamdok n,f. j,

jOkh hehs udlaiajdofhka lshefjhs' fuu jOkh fohdldrhlska isfjhs' tla
me;a;lska n,f.j, m%udKh ^ixLHdj& jeu fya;= fldg f.k uq ksIamd;h
jefjhs' wfkla me;af;ka tu n,f.j, ldhlaIu;dj jOkh u ksid tal mqoa.,
ksIamd;h je uq ksIamd;h je fjhs' tal mqoa., ksIamd;h je jkafka h
hkafkys f;areu k ksIamdok l%uj, .=Kd;aul jOkhla isjk nj h' tneka
ksIamdok n,f.j, jOkh hkq .=Kd;aul yd $ fyda m%udKd;aul jOkhls'
udlaiajdofhys lshefjk iudchSh ma,jh ms<sn| woyi fuf,i idrdxY
lr .; yels h' iudc ldYkfhys idudkH wjka ys isjkafka ksIamdok n,f.j,
mKdl jOkhls' tu n,f. jOkh jkqfha iudcfhys ksIamdok inkaO;d rduqj
;=< h' ksIamdok n,f.hka f.a jOkhg ksIamdok inkaO;djkaf.ka wjysrhla is
fkdjk;dla iudcfhys isjkafka mKduhls' fy;a we;e wjia:dj, ksIamdok
inkaO;d ^tk mx;s w;r mj;akd inkaO;d& ksIamdok n,f.j, jOkhg ndOdjla
fjhs' tjeks wjia:dj, ksIamdok inkaO;d mqmqrejd,k iudc ma,j is fjhs' fuu
ma,j ;=<ska tf;la mej;s md,l mx;sh ke;s fjk;a mx;shla md,l mx;sh njg m;a
fjhs' ta iu. u kj ksIamdok inkaO;d f.dv kef.hs' tu kj inkaO;d rduqj ;=<
ksIamdok n,f. ;j rg;a jOkh fjhs' fldhqksia iudchla ysjk ;=re fuu
l%shdj,sh bhg hhs'
udlaiajdoh iska b;sydih ^tk iudc ldYkh& olskq ,nkafka ta whqks'
b;sydifha m%Odku ldhh jkqfha ksIamdokh ^n,f.& jOkh lsu h' mj;akd
ksIamdok inkaO;d keue;s rduqj ^iudc l%uh& mej;sh yelafla ta ;=< ksIamdokh je
jk;dla l,a muKs' ksIamdokfha ^n,f.j,& jOkhg tu rduqj ndOdlhla jQ g
ma,h whqka rduqj | oukq ,efnhs' udlaiajd idys;Hfhys uqLH j lshejqK o" mx;s
.egqu fyda wr.,h fuu b;sydih ms<sn| m%jdoh ;=< oa;Shl fjhs'
fldhqksia m%ldYkh werfUkafka b;sydih ^,s; b;sydih& hkq mx;s
.egqf ^wr.,fha& b;sydih nj i|yka lrka h' iudc ldYkh bhg ^tal fh
ld, ixl,amh ;=< th bhg u hhs' tal fh hkafkka ir, fLdjla muKla woyia
fkdflf' ims,dldr jl%hla o tal fh .Khg u wh;a fjhs' fuys tal fh hkak
ixjD;" pl%Sh wdhg reoaOd:hla f.k fohs'& hkafka mx;s .egqu" mx;s w;r mj;akd
wfmdayl inkaOh ;=<ska hehs udlaiajdoh m%ldY lrhs' m%ldYs; udlaiajdoh wkqj
b;sydih ;SrKh flfrkafka mx;s inkaO;d ;=<sks'
tfy;a mx;s .egqu hkak udlaiajdoh ;=<g msi we;af;a wd.ka;=l
ixl,amhla f,i h' th we;a;g u udlaia iska fy.,af.ka Khg .;a ixl,amhlska
ksudKh we;' iudch ldYkh jkafka l=ula i|yd o hk m%Yakhg udlaiajdofhka
,efnk m%Odk ms<s;=r ksIamdokh je lsu i|yd h hkak h' ta inkaO j udlaiajdofhys
m%Odk ks.uk fufia lah yels h' iudc ldYkfha wruqK wka lsisjla fkdj
ksIamdokh je lsu h' iudc ldYkh wjYH jkqfha ksIamdokh je lsu i|yd h'
ksIamdokh je lsug wjYH fkdjkafka k iudc ldYkhka wjYH fkdf' iudc
ldYkh" tk b;sydih hkq wka lsisjla fkdj ksIamdokh jOkh f l;dj fjhs'
^b;sydihg fuu w: l:kh f udlaiag ;ud j;a jQ Okjd mirh n,md we;s nj
meye,s h'&
ksIamdokh jOkh jkafka flfia o hk m%Yakhg h yels tla wdxYsl
ms<s;=rla k th isjkafka mx;s inkaO;djh ^.egqu& Tiafia h hkak h' tfy;a th
wdxYsl ms<s;=rla muKls' WodyrKhla f,i .;fyd;a Okjd iudc l%uh ;=< ksIamdok
n,f.j, jOkh i|yd wjYH tla m%Odk idOlhla jQ m%d.aOkh f.dv ke.Sf
Okm;s mx;sh iska llrejka f.a Y%uh iQrdlEu jeo.;a jk nj ienE h' tfy;a
m%d.aOkh f.dv kef.kafka Y%uh iQrdlEfuka muKla fkdfjhs' tys Y%uh iQrdlEug;a
jvd n,mdkafka iajdNdl im;a ^mirh& iQrdlEu h' mirh iQrdlEu ms<sn| j

udlaiajdoh ksy~ h' ^Yd, udlaiajd idys;Hhl ;ekl fo;ekl wyfnka mirh
.ek i|yka lsfuka iuia: m%jdoh ms<sn| jQ fuu .%yh ksIam%Nd fkdflf'&
tfuka u ksIamdok n,f.j, jOkhg oHdf yd ;dlaIKfha hqKqj o
jeo.;a fjhs' tu hqKqj we;s jkafka kj woyia fya;= fldg f.k h' ksIamdokfha
jOkhg m%d.aOkh fuka u oHdj yd ;dlaIKh o wjYH fjhs'
fuys oHdf yd ;dlaIKfha hqKqjg m%d.aOkh wjYH fkdjkafka hs
lsisjl=g m%Yak l< yels h' ixlSK jQ o ishq jQ o WmlrK j,ska iE Yd,
mfhaIKd.dr we;s lsu i|yd m%d.aOkh wjYH nj ienE h' tfy;a oHdf yd
;dlaIKfha jOkh i|yd n,mdk woyia we;s jkafka m%d.aOkh ksid u fkdf'
ffioaOdka;sl fN!;sl oHdj wo jOkh jkafka ixl,amSh ^yd .Ks;& kq moaO;shla
f,i h' tys tk mfhaIK lsu i|yd mfhaIKd.dr ;ekSug m%d.aOkhg Yla;shla
fkdue;'
wms yq ;lh i|yd ksIamdok n,f. jOkh f oHdj yd
;dlaIKh iska bgq lrk ldhh wu;l lruq' tfia;a ke;fyd;a udlaiajdofha lshefjk
whqka oHdj yd ;dlaIKfha jOkh o wjidk .%yfha mx;s inkaO;d ^.egqu& u;
r|d mj;skafka hehs is;uq' tfia jqj;a udlaiajdohg u wkqj fuu mx;s inkaO;d ^tk
ksIamdok inkaO;d& tla;rd wjia:djl " ksIamdokfha jOkhg ndOdjla fjhs' tfia
k tjeks iSudld wjia:djkays " tk jvd ;SrKd;aul ma,h wjia:djkays
ksIamdokfha jOkh we;s jkafka ksIamdok inkaO;d ^mx;s .egqu& ;=<ska fkdf'
udlaiajdohg wkqj jqj;a ksIamdokfha jOkhg ksIamdok inkaO;d jeo.;a jkqfha
mKdl wjia:djkays i ma,h wjia:djkays fkdf'
mx;s inkaO;d hkq ksIamdok l%shdj,sfha mx;s w;r we;s jk
inkaO;djka h' tu inkaO;d we;e fgl iDcq .egqul iajrEmhla o .kshs' llre
jck mj;akd wjia:d thg WodyrK f' tfy;a iDcq .egqula we;sj fyda ke;sj fyda
mx;s w;r ;sfnk inkaOh ksIamdokhg wjYH f' jev jckhla jeks .egqula mjd
wjidk jYfhka i|kq ,nkafka ksIamdokhg ys;lr wkaoulsks'
ma,jh hkq mx;s .egqf Wp;u wjia:dj hehs mejiSug udlaiajdoh
wid:l W;aidyhla f.k we;' udlaiajdoh iska fmkajd ug ;e;a flfrkafka mx;s
.egqu ^inkaO;dj& W;aikak m%udKd;aul jOkh .=Kd;aul jOkhla njg m;a
ma,h wjia:djlg fmrf<k nj h' tfy;a b;sydifha flkl fyda tfia is ke;'
jevji hq.fhka Okjdohg iudch fjkia jQfha m%fKsodihka yd ro<hka w;r jQ .egqu
W;aikak fkdf' tfia;a ke;ak Bkshd wfmdayl jpk ud,dj wkqj hka"
m%fKsodihka yd ro<hka w;r jQ ixjdoh iukh fuka" Okm;s ma,jh is fkd h'
wfkla w;g Okm;shkaf.ka miqj llre mx;shg md,kh w;am;a ula wmg reishdf"
kfha fyda fjk;a rgl olakg fkd,enqKs'
udlaiajdoh l=ula m%ldYs; j lSug ;e;a l< o tu m%jdohg wkqj ma,jh
isjkafka mx;s inkaO;djka ksid fkdj" mj;akd mx;s inkaO;djkag ;j rg;a
ksIamdokh jOkh l< fkdyels neKs' ^lSug ;e;a lrk h yd lshefjk h w;r
Yd, fjkila we;'& ksIamdokh jOkhg lsug mka;s inkaO;djkag fkdyels u hkq
u tu inkaO;d j, m%;sM,hla fyda .=Kd;aul fmr<shla hehs Bkshd wfmdayljd jpk
yrUhla flug hul= W;aidy l< o th wid:l jkqfha ma,jfhka miqj o iQrdlEug
,la jQ mx;shg wh;a ck;dj fjk;a mx;shla f,i fyda tu mx;sh f,i u fyda ;j rg;a
iQrdlEug ,lajk neks'
udlaiajdoh ;=< ksIamdokh ^n,f.& jOkh u yd mx;s .egqu hk
ixl,am fol we;' tfy;a tmuKska u ksIamdokh iEu gu jOkh jkafka mx;s .egqu
;=<ska h" hk ks.ukhg meKSug fkdyelsh' mx;s .egqu ^ksIamdok inkaO;d& ;=<ska

ksIamdokh jOkh jkafka mKdl wjia:djkays ^idudkH wjia:djkays& muK h'

ma,jhlska isjkafka tla wdldrhl mx;s .egqula fjkqjg fjk;a wdldrhl mx;s
.egqula wdfoaY u h' tu wdfoaY u mx;s .egqf m%;sM,hla f,i lSug udlaiajdoh
orK W;aidyh wid:l jQjls' udlaiajdoh iska m%ldY flfrkafka b;sydih hkq mx;s
.egqf ^fyda wr.,fha& b;sydih nj h' tfy;a tu m%jdofhka lshefjkafka b;sydih hkq
ksIamdokfha jOkfha b;sydih nj;a ksIm
a dokfha jOkh i|yd mx;s .egq tla
wdldrhl isg ;j;a wdldrhlg udre h hq;= nj;a h' <orejl=f.a jOkh i|yd
wdydrh u lsfrka fjk;a j wdydr j,g o" miqj >k wdydr j,g o udre jk whqka
ksIamdokfha jOkh i|yd iudc l%uh jevji l%ufhka Okjdohg o bkamiq
iudcjdohg o udre h hq;= nj wmg udlaiajdoh ;=<ska ks.ukh lsug is fjhs'
udlaia mx;s wr.,h ^udlaiag wkqj mx;s wr.,h yd mx;s .egqu hkq folla
fkdj tlls& hk ixl,amh fhdod .kafka wehs@ mKdl wjia:djkays muKla fhdod .;
yels mx;s .egqu udlaia iska ma,h wjia:djkays muKla fhdod .; yels mx;s .egqu
udlaia iska ma,h wjia:djka i|yd o fhdod .kq ,enQfha fy.,a f.a wdNdifhka Bkshd
wfmdaylhg mska is jkakg h' fy.,ag wkqj woyia ^u;jdo& jOkh jkafka jdoh"
m%;sjdoh yd iyjdoh hk wjia:d ;=<sks' h u;jdohla we;s u;a iu. tys m%;sjdoh o
we;s fjhs' jdofha yd m%;sjdofha .egqu ;=<ska kj u;jdohla ^iyjdohla& ys fjhs' ta
iu. kj u;jdofha m%;sjdoh o we;s fjhs' kej;;a iyjdohla ;=<ska ;j;a w;a jdohla
we;s fjhs' u;jd b;sydih tfia bhg .,d hhs' tk u;jdo jOkh jkafka ta
whqks'
{dkjd fy.,a f.ka fN!;sljd udlaia Khg .kafka f ixl,amhhs'
u;jdoj, jOkh ms<sn| j fy.,a f.a woyiaj, id:l;ajhla ;snqK o" iudc
ldYkh inkaOfhka udlaia tu woyia ^fN!;sljd j& fhdod.;a wdldrfhys
id:l;ajhla fkd h'
jdoh yd m%;sjdoh w;r .egqu fjkqjg iQrdlk mx;sh yd iQrdlkq ,nk
mx;sh w;r .egqu udlaia iska bm;a flKs' woyiaj, jOkh i|yd fy.,a bm;a
l< l%uh wkq.ukh l< udlaia iudc ldYkh ^ksIamdokfha jOkh& lSug jEh
flf<a mx;s .egqu weiqks' tfy;a Tyqg fy.,af.a iyjdoh fjkqjg meye,s ixl,amhla
bm;a lsug fkdyels h' fy.,ag wkqj jdoh yd m%;sjdoh w;r .egqu iukh jkafka
iyjdoh ;=<sks' tfy;a iQrdlk mx;sh yd iQrdlkq ,nk mx;sh w;r .egqu ^Bkshd
ixjdoh& iukh flfrkafka flfia o@ udlaia thg meye,s ms<s;=rla fkdfohs'
jy,a hq.fhka jevji hq.hg fmrKq iudc ma,jh is jQfha flfia
hs udlaia iqfjka fyda ia;r fkdlrhs' jyka yd jy,a yshka w;r jQ .egqu i|d
.;af;a flfia hs wms fkdoksuq' jevji l%ufhka Okm;s l%uhg fmr<Sf bv ys
ro,hka yd m%fKsodihka w;r jQ .egqu iukh jQfha flfia o @ udlaia thg o ms<s;=rla
fkdfohs' Tyq ta fjkqjg jev ji l%uh ;=< we;s jQ ;=kajeks mx;shla" ^n. jre&
ksIamdok l%uj, fjkila we;s lr .;a miqj foaYmd,k n,h ,nd.;a nj mjihs' bv
yshka yd m%fKs odihka w;r jQ .egqu ;=< kj Okm;s mx;shla ys jQfha flfia o @ tu
mx;s l,ska lS mx;s fofla iyjdohla hehs wmg lsisfia;a lsj fkdyels h' f kj
mx;sfha ysu udlaiajdoh ;=<ska f;are.; yelafla flfia o @ udlaia iska ia;rd;aul
j Yaf,aIkh flreKq tlu ma,jh Okm;s ma,jh h' tfy;a tys mjd Okm;s mx;sfha
ysu lsk ft;sydisl kshuhlg wkqj is jqKs hs udlaiajdohg lSug fkdyels h'
iudcjd ma,jfha udlaiajdohg wkqj llre mx;sh n,h w;a m;a lr
.kshs' tfy;a th tfia h hq;af;a wehs hs udlaia ia;r fkdlrhs' mx;s .egqu ;=< tla
mx;shla wNsnjd wfkla mx;sh ch .ekSu wfmdayljdohg mgyeKs h' Bkshd wfmdayljd
.egq ;=< tjekakla is fkdf' tfuka u udlaiajd ft;sydisl fN!;sljdohg wkqj jqj o
b;sydifhys wka lsisu wjia:djl iQrdlkq ,enQ mx;sh tfia ma,jfhka miqj md,k n,h

w;am;a lrf.k fkdue;' tfia k iudcjd ma,jfhys muKla th ish hq;af;a wehs
@
udlaiajdoh fuu m%Yakhg o meye,s ms<s;=rla fkdfohs' ms<s;=rla fjkqjg
tys bm;a jkqfha my; i|yka woyia lsysmh h' mx;s iudch ;=< NdKav ksIamdokh
lsf yd tajd w;am;a lr .ekSf wjidk yd mQK m%ldYkh OfkaYajr fm!oa.,sl foam<
l%uh f' foam< whs;sh ke;s llre mx;sh fm!oa.,sl foam< l%uh wfydais l< hq;=h'
^tfy;a llre mx;sh idOdrK jYfhka foam< wfydais fkdlrhs' fuh miqj ia;r
flf'&
mx;s iudc ;=< ys jQ wjidk yd mQK m%ldYkh OfkaIajr foam< l%uh h
hq;af;a wehs hs udlaia m%ldY fkdlrhs' mx;s iudchg fjk;a foam< l%uhla ksudKh
lr.; fkdyels o @ fkdyels k ta nj fmkajd fokafka flfia o @ wfkla w;g mx;s
iudch ;=< ysh yels wjidk foam< l%uh OfkaYajr l%uh jqj;a th ke;s lsu llre
mx;sfha ldhNdrh jkafka flfia o @ llre mx;shg ta i|yd we;s iqiq lu
^wjYH;dj& l=ula o @
OfkaYajrh yuqf isk ish mx;Skaf.ka ma,jld mx;sh llre mx;sh
nj udlaiajdoh mjihs' wfkla fldgia ^iq OfkaYajrh& OfkaYajrh iu. igka jkafka
;uka b;sydifhka w;=.E hEu j<lajd .ekSug muKla hehs udlaiajdoh i|yka lrhs'
tfy;a fuh m%Yakhg ms<s;=rla fkdf' llre mx;sh OfkaYajrh mrojd n,h ,nd.;
hq;af;a wehs o hk m%Yakhg tk llre mx;sh ma,jfha kdhl;ajh .; hq;af;a wehs o
hkakg ms<s;=r f,i ,efnkafka llre mx;sh ma,jld mx;sh nj h' th m%Yakhg
ms<s;=rla fkdj m%Yakh u fjk;a wdldrhlska m%ldY lsuls'
llre mx;sh ma,jfha kdhl;ajh .kakd nj udlaiajdoh iska m%ldY
flreK o wdrNfha isg u th m%Yakhla ugka u we;s nj fmfka' llrejka mx;shla
njg m;ajkafka flfia o ljod o wdh udlaiajdofha fkdiKq m%Yak f,i mj;S' fuh
miqj ;j rg;a idlPd lruq'
udlaiajdohg wkqj Okm;s l%ufha ldYkh ;=< ck;djf.ka w;sYd,
nyq;rh llrejka njg m;a fjhs' ta w;r Okh tla wka;hl" tk Okm;shka lsysm
fokl= w;r ixflaka .; u fya;=fjka llrejkaf.a ld,lkaks nj o je fjhs; fuu
;;a;ajfhka ck;dj f.dv wd hq;=h' udlaia i|yka lrk wdldrhg thg kdhl;ajh h
yelafla nyq;rh jQ llre mx;shg h' ta fya;=fjka ^udlaiajdohg wkqj ish hq;=&
llre mx;s ma,jh b;sydifha wfkla ma,j j,ska fjka jkafka m<uq jrg nyq;rh
iska md,k n,h w;am;a lr .kakd neks'
ld,a udlaia gq wdldrfhka wjqre .Kkla hk f;la u ngysr rgj,
ck;djf.ka nyq;rh llrejka njg m;afjka ;snQ nj ienE h' tfy;a Tjqkaf.a
ld,lkaks nj je hehs lsj yels fkdf' ld,lkaks nj uekSf ksKdhlh meye,s
ke;;a llrejkaf.a jk ugu l%ufhka by, f.dia we;s nj fmfkhs' tfuka u miq.sh
oYl ;=k y;r ;=< ngysr rgj, ck;djf.ka nyq;rh llre fkdjk" fjk;a
fiajdjkays fhfokakka njg l%ufhka m;afjka ishs' jegqmg jev lrk ish fokd u
llrejka fh hk ksjpkh ms<s.kafka k muKla ngysr rgj, nyq;rh llrejka
hehs ks.ukh lsug yels h' tfy;a NdKav ksIamdokfhys yd fnodyef muKla
Y%uh l=kkakka ^ldl& llrejka f,i yekajqjfyd;a ;j rg;a tu rgj, nyq;rh
llrejka fkdjk njg ks.ukh lsug is fjhs' ta w: l:kh wkqj ngysr rgj, wo
l%ufhka Yd, fiajd mx;shla ysfjka mj;S'
ta l=ula jqj;a h mx;shla iudcfha nyq;rh u tu mx;sh ma,jhg
kdhl;ajh ug iqiq lula njg m;a fkdf' udlaiajdoh iska ielhlska f;drj fmkajd
h hq;= lreK o b;sydifha m<uq jrg nyq;rh ma,jhg kdhl;ajh h hq;af;a wehs o
hkak h' tu uQ,sl m%Yakhg udlaiajdoh ms<s;=rla fkdimhhs'

Y%uh iQrdlEu keje;au i|yd llre mx;sh n,h ,nd .; hq;= h hkak
o m%Yakhg ms<s;=rla fkdf' wod< m%Yakh k b;sydifha m<uq j;djg Y%uh iQrdlEu
keje;ah hq;af;a wehs o hkak;a tfia iQrd lEu k;r lsug llre mx;shg muKla
yels jkafka wehs o hkak;a h'
fuu m%Yakh ms<sn| j h h whqka lreKq laug udlaiajdoh W;aidy
ord we;' iQrd lEu k;r l< yelafla ksIamdok ud.j, whs;shla fkdue;s fm!oa.,sl
foam, rys; ck;djlg" tk llre mx;shg hehs hk ms<s;=r udlaiajdofhka wmg
,ef' tfy;a th m%udkj;a fkdf' th Wml,amkhla muKls' m<uqfjka u fm!oa.,sl
foam, yshka iQrdlkakka njg m;ajk ksidu fm!oa.,sl foam, wys jQ llrejka lsis
kl iQrd fkdlkakka njg m;a fkdf hehs ks.ukh l< yels fkdf' llre mx;sh
tfia iQrd fkdlkakka jqj;a Tjqkag md,k n,h .; yels o hkak" ta i|yd Yla;shla ;sf
o hkak fojeks m%Yakh f' udlaiajdoh iska m<ujekak Wml,amkh flfrk w;r
fojeks m%Yakhg lsisu fya;=jla fkdolajd T hehs ms<s;=re iemfha'
udlaiajdofha lshefjk ;j;a lreKla k OfkaYajr l%uh ;=< ksIamdok
ud. fm!oa.,sl whs;shg m;ajk w;r ksIamdokh iudchSh jk nj h' fm!oa.,sl whs;sh
yd iudchSh ksIamdokh w;r mj;sk ixjdoh iukh lr .; yelafla whs;sh o iudc
ika;l fuka nj mjik udlaiajdoh th l< yelafla fm!oa.,sl whs;shla fkdue;s
llre mx;shg nj mjihs'
ksIamdokh yd ksIamdokfha whs;sh w;r we;s ixjdoh iukh lr .;
yelafla flfia o@ ksIamdokh iudchSh we; hkafkka woyia lrkafka l=ulao @ we;a;g
u Okm;s l%uh ;=< ksIamdokh iudchSh we;ao @ udlaiajdoh ;=< tjeks m%Yak .eUqka
idlPd fkdf'
Bkshd wfmdaylh ;=< ksIamdokh yd ksIamdokfha whs;sh w;r ixjdohla
;sh yelso @ ixjdohla ;sh yelafla h m%mxphl i m%mxp foll fkdf' tlaflda
ksIamdokfha ixjdohla .ek l:d l, hq;= h' ke;fyd;a ksIamdokfha whs;sfha ixjdohla
.ek l:d l< hq;= h' ^wfmdaylfha rEmslh fmd;a msxp n,kak&' tneka u udlaiajdoh
iska m%Yakh w,a,df.k we;af;a ksjer hehs th iska mejfik ixl,amSh rduqj ;=< o
fkdf' wfkla w;g we;a;g u ksIamdokh iudchSh we;ao @
Okm;s l%ufha ksIamdokh flfrkafka llrejka rdYshla iska Yd,
ludka; Yd,d ;=< nj ienE h' llrejka rdYshla iska tla NdKavhla ^fudag r:hla
jeks& ksIamdokh flfrk neka ksIamdokh iudchSh we;ehs hul=g lsj yels h' tfy;a
wfkla me;af;ka iEu llrejl= u ksIamdokh lrk NdKavhla fyda lrk ldhhla f'
th iuyr g weKhla ksIamdokh lsu fyda weKhla i lsu fyda h yels h' ta
wre;ska .;a l, ksIamdokfha fm!oa.,sl njla o f' weK ksIamdokh lrk llrejd
weK ilrk llrejdg weKh i lsf yjq,a fkdf'
fuu ksIamdokh ,xldf w;a; l%uh iu. ixikaokh lrkak' w;a;
l%ufha f.dfhda wfkla f.dkag Wmldr lr;s' ta Wmldr lsu ;=< wod< iEu
ldhhla u fndfyda g wfkHdakH jYfhka Wmld jk f,i iEu f.dhl= iska u mdfya
is flf' th iudchSh ksIamdokhla f,i yekah yels jqj o" ludka; Yd,djl
llrejka rdYshla tla tfy;a fjk fjku lrk ksIamdokh iudchSh ksIamdokhla
f,i yekah yels fkdf' th mqoa.,hka tl;=jl f.a ksIamdokhla fkdj tl;= jQ
mqoa.,hka f.a ksIamdokhls' iudchla hkq mqoa., tl;=jla i tl;= jQ mqoa.,hka msila
fkdf'
ksIamdokh jOkh j;a u ludka;Yd,dj, jev lrk llrejka f.a
ixLHdj by, f.dia we;' oyila fyda thg je .Kkla fyda tl;= flfrk

ksIamdokhla iudchSh ksIamdokhla hehs lshkafka fliao @ thg;a jvd m<,a j .;fyd;a
tl u iud.ul YdLd foll llrejka w;r we;s wfkHdakH inkaOh l=ula o @
nyqcd;sl iud.ul" rgj,a lsysmhl we;s YdLdj, llrejka tl;=jla f,i i,lkafka
flfia o @ Okm;s l%uh ;=< ksIamdokh iudchSh we; hkafkka iduqysl ksIamdokhla
.uH fkdf' th iduqysl;ajhg jvd llrejka Y= mudKfhka Y%u Nckhlg m;a
lsuls'
OfkaYajr l%uh ;=< ksIamdokh ieneka u iudchSh fkdjk neka o
ksIamdokfhys yd ksIamdokfha whs;sh w;r we;s ixjdohka .ek l:d lsu Bkshd
wfmdaylhg tl fkdjk neka o ixjdoh iukh lsf m%Yakhla mek fkdk.S' f
Bkshd ixjdofha meg,S udlaia t< jer ks.ukh k ma,jhlska miqj ksIamdokfha
whs;sh iudc ^rdcH& ika;l h hq;= nj h' udlaia ixjdoh iukh lf<a ta whqks' wo
udlaiajdkag rjd .; fkdyels ks.ukhla njg m;a we;s m%Odk lreKla k fuu
iudc ^rdcH& ika;l lsuh' th tfia fkdf hehs lSug iudc m%cd;ka;%jdyq W;aidy
lr;s' tfy;a fldhqksia m%ldYkh jeks lD;shl jqjo ksIamdokh rdcH ika;l h hq;=
hehs lsh fjhs'
Bkshd ixjdoh iukh lsula f,i ksIamdokh iudc ika;l l<
fkdyelafla Okm;s l%uh ;=< ksIamdokh iudchSh fkdue;s neks' th jpkfha
miudma;Ffhka u iudchSh ;snqKs k llre mx;s ma,jfhka miqj ksIamdokh
iudc ika;l l< hq;= hehs wudrefjka ks.ukh flug bvla fjhs' tfy;a udlaia
wfmdaylh ms<sn|j fl;r mqridr fovQj o rEmh ^tla ludka; Yd,djl Yd, msila
tlg ksIamdokh lsu&" yrh ^ksIamdokh iudchSh u& f,i wjfndaO lrf.k ;snqKs'
tlg tl;= jQ mqoa.,hka f.a ksIamdokh mqoa., tl;=jl f.a ksIamdokhla f,i udlaia
iska jgyd f.k ;snqKs' Y= jQ Y%u Nckh iduqysl;ajh f,i udlaia iska ykd .eksKs'
f ksid Bkshd llre mx;s ma,jfhka miqj lsis fkl ksIamdokh iudc
ika;l l< yels fkdf' bkamiqj Wmu jYfhka l< yels jkafka ksIamdokh rdcH
ika;l lsu muKls'
ludka; Yd,djl tl;= jQ mqoa.,hka iska flfrk ksIamdokh ie,iq
lsug yd l<ukdlrKh lsug fjk;a msila wjYH fjhs' Okm;s l%uh ;=< f ldhh
lrkafka wjYH;dj m wOHlaIljreka iy l<ukdlrejka h' llre mx;s
ma,jfhka miqj o ksIamdokfhys mj;sk fuu iajNdjh ^Y= Y%u Nckh& fya;=fldg
f.k l<ukdlrejka yd ie,iqlrejka wjYH fjhs' ksIamdokh iudchSh fkdu ksid u
ksIamdokh iudc ika;l fkd l<ukdlrejka ika;l fjhs' tk wjidkfhys
ksIamdokh rdcH ika;l fjhs' tf,i ksIamdokh rdcH ika;l lrkafka llre mx;sh
iska fkdj llre mx;sfha kdufhka l%shdlrk fjk;a msila isks'
by; i|yka l, ixjdoh ms<sn| m%Yakh ke;s jqj;a" ksIamdokfha whs;sh
iudc ika;l l, hq;=h hk ks.ukh ksjer jqj;a B,g kej;;a u;=jk m%Yakh k
ksIamdokfha whs;sh iudc ika;l l< yelafla llre mx;shg o hkak h' udlaiajdohg
wkqj llre mx;shg ta i|yd we;s m%Odk;u iqiq lu k Tjqkg ksIamdokfha mqoa.,sl
whs;shla fkdue;s u h' tfy;a th wid:l ms<s;=rla ne wms by; gqfjuq'
llre mx;sh n,h ,nd.; hq;af;a wehs o hkakg udlaiajdoh iska fok
;j;a ms<s;=rla k mqoa.,hkaf.a .,s; nj ^mr;ajdfrdamkh& ke;s lsug h hkak h'
fuys o m%Yak folla mek k.S' tk udlaiajdoh olajk l%uhg wkqj .,s; nj ke;s
l< yels o hkak;a tfia ke;s l< yels jqj;a tu ldhh llre mx;sfha ldhNdrh h
hq;af;a wehs o hkak;a h'
udlaiajdohg wkqj OfkaYajr l%uh ;=< ksid .,s; njg m;a fjhs; tfia
jkafka ksid f.a Y%ufhka ksIamd; jQ oEh' ksidf.ka fjka u ksid h; wjidk jYfhka

.;a l, ksid f.a Y%uh o ksidf.ka fjka we;; f fya;=j ksid ksid lg m;a fjhs;
ksidg uqla;sh <dlr .; yelafla .,s; nj ke;s lsfuks' jvd;a u .,s; njg
m;a jkafka llrejka jk neka yd .,s; njg fya;=j ksIamdokfha whs;sh mqoa.,hka
i;=u neka udlaiajdohg wkqj .,s; nj ke;s l< yelafla llrejka n,hg m;a
ksIamdok ud.j, whs;sh iudch ^tk rdcHh& ika;l flfuks'
.,s; njg fya;=j l=ulao @ wjidk .%yfhys ish,a, wdl
inkaO;djhkg W!kkh lrk udlaiajdoh .,s; njg fya;=j olskafka o OfkaYajr
ksIamdok l%uh ;=< h' tfy;a .,s; nj thg jvd .eUqre ixl,amhls' ksid ;u
ksIamdokfhka yd Y%ufhka muKla fkdj ;udf.ka o fjka jkafka uq, u ;ud hkqfjka
ixl,amhla ;kdf.k wfkla jia;+kaf.ka fjkajk neks' wfkla jia;+kaf.ka fjka jQ
ksidg ;udf.ka o fjka ug t;r l,la .; fkdf' .,s; nj uQ,sl jYfhka
ksIamdokh iu. mj;akd m%Yakhla fkdf' th mD:.ack" tk f,dalh fldgiaj,g lvd
fjka lrk ksidf.a m%Yakhls' ta ta iudc ;=< .,s; nj wvq je jYfhka mj;S'
.,s; njg fya;=j ;uka iska ksIamdokh flfrk foh yd ;u Y%uh
;ukag wh;a ke;' ;ukaf.ka fjka we; hkqfjka .;a; o" ksIamdokh iudc ika;l l<
muKska .,s; nj ke;sjkafka flfia o hk m%Yakhg bka ms<s;=rla fkd,ef' mqoa.,hl=
i;= ludka; Yd,djl tl .g weK ;o lrk llrejd f.a udkisl;ajh iudc ^rdcH&
ika;l ludka;Yd,djl tl .g weK ;o lrk llrejl= f.a udkisl;ajfhka fjkia
jkafka flf,il o @ ludka; Yd,dj wjidk .%yfha ;udg o whs;sh hk yeSu ksid
llrejl=f.a .,s; nj ke;s fkdf' iudc ^rdcH& ika;l ludka; Yd,djl jev l<
o ksIamdokfhys fm!oa.,sl j muKla fkdj ksudKd;aulj o iyNd.S fkdjkafka k
;ud lrkafka ;udf.a jevla fkdj fjk;a whl= f.a jevla h hk yeSu llrejl= f.a
isf;ys my< u je<elah yels fkdf' tys o Tyqf.a ksIamdokh fuka u Y%uh o
Tyqf.ka fjka fjhs' ksIamdok ud. j, whs;sh iudch ^rdcHh& ika;l lsfuka muKla
.,s; nj ke;s l< fkdyels h'
ta ish,a, ;sh .,s; nj ke;s lsu i|yd llrejkag we;s wfkla
whg ke;s iqiqlu l=ula hs weish hq;= h' ;uka jvd;a .,s; u fyda ksIamdok ud.
j, whs;sh ;ukag fkdue;s u ta i|yd llre mx;shg we;s iqiqlu h yels fkdf'
.,s; nj ke;s lsf wdl lreKq j,g jvd jeo.;a jkafka udkisl
lreKq h' tfukau ksIamdokh jOkh lsf jqjukdj ;sfnk;dla ksIamdokhg ksid hg
u o je<elah yels fkdf' udlaia f.a ksid ksIamdokh jOkh lsu m%Odk fldg
i,lhs' tjeks jOkhla ;=< ksIamdokh jv jvd;a ldhlaIu lsug Tyq fm<fUhs'
ksIamdok l%u ldhlaIu lsu i|yd ksmojk ixlSK hka;% iQ;% iu. ksid o hka;%hla
njg m;a ;udf.ka yd ;u Y%ufhka ;j ;j;a fjka fjhs'
wfkla w;g .,s; nj je jQ ksid o llre mx;shg .,s; nj ke;s
lsf whs;sh ^iqiq lu& ys fkdf' flfia fj;;a udlaia i|yka lrk l%uh wkqj" tk
ksIamdokh iudc ika;l lsfuka" .,s; nj ke;s l< yels fkdf' fm!oa.,sl foam,
yshdf.a ludka; Yd,djl weK ;o lrk llrejdf.a .,s; Ndjhg jvd iudc
^rdcH& ika;l ludka; Yd,djl weK ;o lrk llrejl= f.a .,s; Ndjh wvq
fkdf'
f ish,af,ka meye,s jkafka iudcjd ma,jfha llre mx;sh
kdhl;ajh .; hq;af;a wehs o hk m%Yakhg udlaiajdoh i;=gqodhl ms<s;=rla fkdimhk
nj h' we;a;g u udlaiajdofhys isjkafka llre mx;sh iudcjd ma,jfha n,hg
m;ajkafka hehs Wml,amkh lsu h' Okm;s l%uh fmr<d oud n,h w;am;a lr .ekSu
llre mx;sfha ft;sydisl ldhNdrh f h hk idvnr jd.aud,djlska tu
Wml,amkfhys we;s fnd,a nj jid .; yels fkdf'

udlaiag fmr is iudcjdka ufkdardl iudcjdka f,i udlaiajdoh iska

ykajkq ,ef' thska woyia jkqfha Tjqka oHdjla u; mok fkd" b;sydifha kshdu
wjfndaO lr .ekSulska f;drj" ;uka f.a ukig f.dapr jQ iudcjdohla f.dv ke.Sug
l;d l< nj h' Tjqka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ f,dalh idlaId;a lr .; fkdyels ufkda uQ,sl
jQjla f,i udlaiajdoh iska ie,fla'
udlaia f.a iudcjdoh .ek lsj yelafla l=ula o@ th wfkla tajdg o jvd
ufkdardl iudcjdohla hehs lsj yels h' tla me;a;lska .;a l, ;ju;a lsis u rgl
udlaia f.a iudcjdoh ys fkdue;' wfkla me;af;ka udlaia ;u m%jdoh ix.; j fya;=
idOl iys; j bm;a lr fkdue;s nj fmkS hhs'
udlaia o wfkla iudcjdka fuka u udkj ys;jdhl= hehs lsj yels h'
fuu iudch ;=< isjk widOdrKh Tyq gqf h' ksid iska ksid iQrdlEu Tyqf.a
fpkhg ,la h' fuu iQrd lEu ke;s lsug wfkla iudcjdkag fuka u udlaiag o
wjYH h' ta i|yd fjk;a iudcjdhl= iuQmldr l%uh fyda tjeks fjk;a l%uhla
bm;a flf<a k udlaia llre mx;s rdcHh hkak iQ;%.; flf<a h' ;u m%jdo oHdjg
wh;a hehs o ta h:d:h hehs o ;ud oHd;aul iudcjdhl= jkafka hehs o udlaia m%ldY
flf<a h'
udlaia f.a m%jdoh o ixjdo j,ska .yK h' Tyq uq uy;a iudc ldYkh
u wdl inkaO;dj,g W!kkh lsug ;e;a flf<a h' tu.ska Tyq iudcjdofhys
udkh nj yqlr wev ia;a" ldfvda jeks wdl jdhl= njg m;a h' hqfrdamShl= jQ
udlaiag flfiaj;a udkj flakaSh nj blaujd hd fkdyels h' iudcfha mj;sk mx;s
.egq ;=< iudch ldYkh jkafka hehs Tyq fy.,a f.a woyila Khg .kska mejiQf
h' tfia jqj;a fuu mx;s .egqu ;=<ska ma,jh isjkafka flfia hs meye,s lsug Tyqg
fkdyels h'
jy,a hq.fhka jevji hq.hg t<u udlaiajdoh ;=< Yaf,aIKh
fkdfjhs' jevji hq.fhka Okm;s hq.hg iudch fmrf<kafka ;=kajeks mx;shla
wdOdrfhks' tys mx;s wr.,h is we;af;a iQrd lk mx;sh yd iQrd lkq ,enQ mx;sh
w;r fkdj bv ys ro<hka yd Okm;shka w;r h' ke.S wd Okm;sfhda ^n. jre&
wdrNfha Ys,amSka jqj o" k.rhg fiaka llrejka njg m;a jQ f.dhka iQrd lEy'
iudc ma,jh is jQfha iQrd lE yd iQrd lEug bm;a jQ mx;s folla w;r jQ wr.,hl
m%;sM,hla f,i h' tys iQrd lEug bm;a jQ mx;sh iQrd lE mx;sh wNsnjd wdl
jYfhka fuka u foaYmd,k jYfhka o ch .;af;a h' iQrd lkq m%fKs odifhda uQ,sl
jYfhka u iQrd lkq ,nk llrejka njg m;a jQy'
iudcjd ma,jfha llre mx;sh ch.; hq;af;a wehs hs udlaiajdoh
fkdlshhs' ta fjkqjg ta nj Wml,amkh lrhs' Okm;s l%uh ;=< ;sfnk Okm;s yd llre
mx;s w;r .egqu ma,jfha W;aikak wr.,hla njg m;a jkafka o @ tfia k thg
l,ska jQ ma,jj, tjekakla is fkdjQfha wehs @ flfhka lsjfyd;a mx;s .egqu yd
ma,jh w;r inkaOh l=ula hs udlaiajdofhka fy<s orjq fkdf' ta fjkqjg bka
lshkafka ma,h fkdjk idudkH ;;a;ajhka ;=< mx;s .egqu ^ksIamdok inkaO;d& ;=<ska
iudc ldYkh bhg hk nj h' tk ksIamdokh jOkh jk nj h' udlaiajd
m%jdofha m%Odk u fldgila jk ma,jh f;are lsug udlaiajdohg mx;s .egqu ;=<ska
l< fkdyels h' udlaiajdoh iska mx;s w;r we;s inkaOh ^.egqu& wr.,hla njg m;a
lrkafka lsis fya;=jla fkdue;sj h' f nj ^fya;=jla fkdue;s nj& jid .ekSug fuu
.egqu yd wr.,h w;r fjki udlaiajdoh iska meye,s fkdflf' ^wr.,h hkak fuys
fhdod .efkkafka mx;s folla w;r n,h i|yd flfrk wr.,h hk wref;ks' fuys
.egqu hkak mx;s w;r we;s inkaOh f;are lsug fhfoa' ta folu struggle hk
jpkfhka ykajk udlaiajdoh f fjki meye,s fkdlrhs' ta flfia jqj;a mx;s wr.,h
yd ma,jh w;r inkaOh fyda udlaiajdofhka meye,s fkdflf'&

tfy;a l,ska i|yka we;s whqka udlaiajdoh ma,jh f;are .kakd

fjk;a l%uhla wmg my; i|yka whqka iQ;% .; l< yels h' ma,h fkdjk idudkH
wjia:d j, mj;akd kssIamdok inkaO;d rduqj ;=< ksIamdokhg jOkh h yels jqj;a
tu inkaO;d ksIamdokfha jOkhg ndOl muqKqjk wjia:djla mefKk nj udlaia
i|yka lrhs' tg ksIamdokfha b .uk i|yd mj;akd rduqj lvd kj ksIamdok
inkaO;d we;s lr .; hq;= hs' ta iudc ma,jh fjhs' fuu m%jdofha k ix.; njla
we;' tfy;a th mx;s .egqu fyda wr.,h hk ixl,amhg uq,a ;ekla fkd fohs' tys
uq,a;ek ,efnkafka ksIamdokfha jOkh hkakg h' udlaiajd m%jdoh ;=< m%Odk ixl,am
jkqf ksIamdokfha jOkh yd ma,jh h' mx;s .egqu tu ixl,am tla lsu i|yd udlaia
iska wdfrdamkh lr we;af;a fy.,a f.a Bkshd wdfmdayljd l%ufhys Bkshd ixjdoh
hkak Khg .ekSfuks'
mqkre;a;s fodaIhg yiq jqj o fuh ;j;a meye,s l< hq;= h' udlaiajdofhka
lshefjkafka mj;akd ksIamdok inkaO;d rduqj ;=< ksIamdokh jOkh ug fkdyels jQ
g tu rduqj ma,h wdldrhlska lvd | oud fjk;a ksIamdok inkaO;d rduqjla
ksudKh lr .kakd nj h' tys m%Odk ixl,am jkqfha ksIamdokfha jOkh yd ma,jh
h'
tfy;a udlaiajdoh lshkafka fjk;a fohla h' tk mj;akd ksIamdok
inkaO;d rduqj ;=< isjk mx;s .egqu ^wr.,h fkdf& fya;= fldgf.k iudch
ldYkh isjk nj h' fuu .egqfuys ^mx;s inkaO;d ;=<& ixjdo f' ixjdohlg
WodyrKhla f,i m%d.aOkh ixflakaSh u iy ksIamdokh ^Y%uh& iudchSh u lah
yels h' tu ixjdo uqyql=rd f.dia ksIamdok inkaO;d rduqj ;=< ;jrg;a ksIamdokh
bhg fkdhk g ixjdoh iukh lr .efkkafka mx;s wr.,fha Wp;u wjia:dj jQ
ma,jhlsks'
mx;s .egqu yd mx;s wr.,h ^udlaiajdoh iska i|yka flfrk whqka&
tlla f,i .;a; o" tu ixl,amh udlaia iska fhdod .efkkafka ksIamdokfha jOkh yd
ma,jh hk ixl,am tlaflu i|yd h' ksIamdokfha jOkh isjkafka mx;s .egqu ksid
hehs lshk udlaiajdoh ma,jh mx;s wr.,fha Wp;u wjia:dj f,i olshs' mx;s .egqu
yd mx;s wr.,h tlla f,i .ekSfuka ksIamdokfha jOkh yd ma,jh oDYHudk j
tlslsug udlaiajdohg yels h'
tfy;a l,ska fmkajd we;s whqka mx;s .egqf m%;sM,hla f,i fyda tys
ixjdo iukh lsula f,i ma,jh lsh yels fkdf' Okm;s ma,jh fya;= fldgf.k
ro<hka yd m%fKs odihka w;r jQ mx;s .egqu ma,h ;;a;ajhkg uqyql=rd .sh nj;a
fyda tu mx;Ska w;r jQ ixjdo iukh jQ nj;a fyda fmkajd h fkdyels h'
udlaia iska tfia mx;s .egqu hkak wdfrdamkh flf<a Tyq f.a udkj ys;jd
Ndjh fya;= fldg f.k h yelsh' ;u m%jdo f.dvk.d .ekSug uqla;sh iQrdlEu wd
ixl,am udlaiag wjYH h' yqfola ksIamdokfha jOkh hk ixl,amfhka muKla udkj
ys;jd nj .uH fkdf' th wdljd fjhs' udlaia f.a udkj ys;jdoh l, t<s
neiafia mx;s .egqu k ixl,amh Tiafia h' udlaia iudcjd jQfha tu ixl,amh Tiafia h'
tfy;a th ixjd wimQK moaO;shlg u. mEf h' jvd id:l ixl,amh jQfha
wdljd ksIamdofha jOkh hs' tneka udlaiajdoh tla fm%d mjik m wjidk
jYfhka .;a l< udkh jQjla fkdj wdljd jQjls' ^wm n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk
iudcjdoh hqfrdamSh ixl,amhla jQ udkh nj o blaujd hkakls'&
flfia fj;;a miq ld,Skj mx;s .egqu yd ksIamdokfha jOkh hk ixl,am
tl;= lsf jEhula o fl we;s nj fmfka' jevji wd wfkla iudc l%u ;=< tu
tl;=j lsug lsisfia;a fkdyels fjhs' fuu tl;=j is lsug W;aidy ord we;af;a
Okjd iudch ;=< h' fYaIfhka u udlaiag miqj wd f,kska jekakka fuu tl;=j lsug

 W;aidyhla f.k we;' tfy;a tu W;aidyh fl<jr we;af;a udlaiajdoh m%;slafIam

lrka h'
;u m%jdofhys jQ by; i|yka wvqmdvqj ld,a udlaia iuyr g jgyd .;a;d
h yelsh' wdrNfha llrejka mx;shla jYfhka lghq;= fkdlrkafka hehs Tyq
mjihs' uq, llrejka igka lrkafka hka;% iQ;% j,g reoaO j nj;a llrejka
mx;shla f,i ixOdkh fuka miqj Okm;shkag reoaO j wr., lrk nj;a udlaiajd
m%jdofhka lshef' tfia k Okm;s l%uh wdrNfha iudch ldYkh jkafka mx;s
.egqula ;=<ska fkdf' mx;s .egqulg wjYH jQ fojeks mx;sh ^llre mx;sh& Okm;s
l%uh wdrNfha ys fkd;su thg fya;=j h'
udlaiag m%Yakh jQfha Okjdohg reoaO j wr., lr n,h ,nd.kakd ljqo
hkak h' f m%Yakhg udlaiajd idys;Hh ;=< we;af;a tla ms<s;=rla muKla fkdf'
udlaiajd idys;Hfhys wvq u ;rka llrejka fofokl= olakg ,ef' tu
llrejka fofokd uq,ska u gq ;eke;a;d jQfha udlaia h' hka;% iQ;%j,g reoaO j l%shd
lrk llrejd yd Okjdohg tfrys j wr., lrk llrejd hkq tu fofokdh'
llrejd hka;% iQ;% frda wjfha isg Okm;s frda wjh olajd ldYkh jkafka
hehs udlaia Yajdi flf<a h' Tyq fuu ldYkh ksIamdokfha n,f.j, jOkh u;
r|d mj;skafka hehs m%ldY flf<ah' mx;s .egqu ^wr.,h& ksIamdokfha jOkh iu. noaO
lsug udlaia W;aidy .;af;a tf,i h' tfy;a th wid:l W;aidyhla jQfha llre
mx;sh ysug ^tk wjYH Okm;s frda {dkh ,nd .ekSug& fmr u ksIamdok
n,f.j, jOkhla u fya;= fldg f.k h'
llrejka mx;shla f,i jOkh u o udlaia gqf by; i|yka whqks'
wdrNfha llrejkag we;af;a hka;% iQ;% kdY lrk udkisl;ajhls' th ^miqj fjk;a
wh bm;a l< woyia yd ixl,am wkqj& ma,jjd {dkhla fkdf' udlaiag wkqj
ksIamdokh jOkhj;a u llrefjda ma,jjd {dkh w;am;a lr f.k mx;shla f,i
ixOdkh fj;s' fufia mx;shla f,i ixOdkh f udlaiag wkqj jvd;a u n,mdk
idOl jkqfha llrejka tla tla uOHia:dkj, ^ludka; Yd,dj,& uyd mudKfhka
ixflaka.; u;a" k.r w;r m%jdyk myiql we;su;a iu. llrejka w;r
inkaO;djh jeula h' tfia Yd, mudKfhka inkaO ixOdkh jk llrefjda
udlaiag wkqj mx;shla f,i Okm;s mx;shg reoaOj wr., lr;s'
fuhska meye,s jk tla lreKla k udlaia ksIamdok n,f.j,g fl;r
m%Odk;ajhla kafka o hkak h' udlaiajd m%jdohg wkqj {dkh wjidk .%fha
ksIamdok n,f. inkaO;d yd fnodyeu u; r|d mj;S' udlaia fuys mjik wfkla
m%Odk ldrKh k llre mx;s {dkh ffki.slj llrejka ;=<ska u we;s jk nj
h' thg wjYH jQ mQj fldkafoaish ksIamdokfha jOkh muKls' ksIamdokh jOkh j;a
u llrefjda ma,jjd {dkh ,ndf.k mx;shla f,i lghq;= lr;s' llre mx;shg
ys {dkh ,ndf.k mx;shla f,i lghq;= lr;s' llre mx;shg ys {dkh fkdue;s
j llrejkg mx;shla h yels fkdf' ta w:fhka .;a l, llre mx;sh my<
jkafka ksIamdokh jOkh llrejkag mx;s {dkh we;s u;a iu. h'
llre mx;sfhys ma,jjd {dkh ksIamdokfhys jOkh iu. we;sjk
nj fmkajdfuka udlaia {dkh fN!;sl jOkh u; r|d meje;aug i,iajk uq;a ta
iu. Tyq ;j;a m%Yakhlg uqyqK mdhs' b;sydih" tk iudc ldYkh mx;s .egqf
b;sydih f,i fmkaug Tyqg ka fkdyels jkafka llre mx;sh {dkhla iys;j
ysug fmrd;=j;a iudc ldYkhla isjk neks' tfuka u Okm;s mx;sh we;su;a
iu. tys ksj, lmkakd jQ llre mx;sh o ysjkafka h hk iqm%isoaO wfmdayl lshuk
o bka wmyiq ;;a;ajhlg weo jefghs' tu lshukg w:hla ,efnkafka Okm;s mx;sh
ysu;a iu. Okm;s frda {dkhla iys; llre mx;sh fkdj tys fmr .ukalre jQ
wdljd {dkhla iys; llre mx;sh ysjkafka h hk f,i th ilia lr

.ekSfuka muKls' tfy;a udlaiajdohg wkqj wdljd {dkh iys; llrejka f.a
tl;=jlska mx;shla ys h fkdyels h'
f j, lu ;sh ;a udlaia ma,jjd {dkhka .ek f,kska m%ldY
lrk w:fhka i|yka fkdlrk nj fuys wjOdrKh l< hq;= h' udlaiag wkqj
llrefjda ksIamdok n,f.j, jOkh ;=<ska u Okm;s l%uh fmr<d h hq;=h hk
ks.ukhg mefK;s' O ludka; Yd,dj, f.dkq isk llrejka inkaO flu
yd taldrdYS u u.ska Okm;s mx;sh fmr<d h hq;=h hk yeSu llrejkag we;s
Tjqyq mx;shla njg m;afj;s' fldhqksiajdka f.a ldhhka f,i udlaia olskafka
llrejka mx;shla njg m;a lsu h' fuys udlaia i|yka lrkafka f,kska fuka
llremx;s {dkh msg;ska llrejka ;=<g f.k tau fkdj llrejka w;r
inkaOl we;s lsug yd ixOdk f.dvke.Sug wdOdr lrka llre mx;sh
f.dvke.Su h' f ish,a,g wu;rj udlaiag wkqj Okm;s l%ufha jOkh;a iu.
llrejka iudcfha nyq;rh njg m;au o Okm;s l%uh fmr<d f ldhhfha
n,mdk idOlhla njg m;a f'
udlaia OfkaYajr l%uh ;=< ksIamdokfha jOkh yd mx;s wr.,h noaO
lsug W;aidy flf<a ta whqks' tfy;a th ;ju;a wimQK jQjla h' ksIamdokh
jOkh j;au mx;s .egqu bhg f.dia llre mx;sh n,hg m;ah hq;af;a wehs o hk
m%Yakhg fyda llre mx;sh n,hg m;ah hq;af;a wehs o hk m%Yakhg fyda llre
mx;sh n,hg m;ajkafka flf<iska o hk m%Yakhg fyda ms<s;=re o udlaiaf.ka wmg
fkd,ef' thg tla fya;=jla k Okm;s l%uh ;=< mx;s .egqu ksIamdokfha jOkh u;
rod mj;sk nj i ksIamdokfha jOkh mx;s .egqu u; r|d mj;sk nj;a fmkaug
udlaiag uq, isg u fkdyels u h'
udlaiaf.ka miqj mx;s {dkh ms<sn|j m%Yakhg w; .eiQ m%Odk u
mqoa.,hd jQfha f,kska h' llre mx;shg ksifhka u fuu mx;s {dkh ,nd.;
fkdyels nj f,kska meye,sj u m%ldY flf<a h' fuu lshufkys u ixjdohla we;'
ma,jjd {dkh ,eug fmr llrejka llre mx;sh njg m;a fkdue;s k
llre mx;shg ^llrejkag fkdj& ksifhka u mx;s {dkh ,nd.; fkdyels h
hkak ixjd m%ldYkhls' tfuka u f,kska mjik wdldrhg llre mx;shg ndyska
mx;s {dkh f.k wd hq;=h hkak o ixjdo woyils' ndyska mx;s {dkh f.fkkafka
k th f.k wd hq;=j we;af;a llrejkg i llre mx;shg fkdf' llrejka
llre mx;sh njg m;a we;ak Tjqkag ndyska fyda wNHka;rfhka fyda ;j;a
{dkhla wjYH fkdf'
flfia fyda fjd mx;s {dkh ,eug fmr llre mx;sh hkqfjka
i|yka lsu ksjer jqj;a ke;;a llrejkag ndyska {dkh f.k taula .ek flfrk
i|yk f,kska iska tl;= lrk ,oaols'
f,kska iska fuys lrk ,oafoa l=ula o @ Tyq b;d iQlaIu j udlaiajdoh
m%;slafIam lrhs' udlaia f.a iqms jHqyh yd wdfOda jHqyh ms<sn| kHdhg wkqj" ^Bkshd
wfmdayl l%uhla .ek l=ula lSj o& wjidk .%yfha ish,a, ksIamdok inkaO;d
^mx;s .egqu $ ksIamdok n,f.j, jOkh& u; r|d mj;S' udlaiag wkqj is h hq;af;a
ksIamdokh jeh;au ksi.fhka u llrejka ;=<ska u llre mx;s {dkh we;s u h'
^udlaiag wjYH jQfha b;sydih hkq mx;s .egqf b;sydih nj fmkaug h' tfy;a is
we;af;a b;sydih o ksIamdokfha jOkfha b;sydih nj fmkaug W;aidy .ekSuhs'&
tfy;a f,kska th m%;slafIam lrka mx;s {dkh ndyska ,nd.; hq;= nj mejiS h'
f,kskag wkqj llrejkag ksh;fhkau we;af;a jD;a;Sh i;s {dkhls' tlaa w;lska .;a
l, th hka;% iQ;% lvd | ouk {dkfha u ;j;a wjia:djls' llrejka ;u wdl
iqNidOkh i|yd hka;% iQ;% leu yd jD;a;Sh i;s f,i ixOdkh je jegqma yd
myiql kd .ekSu w;r .=Kd;aul fjkila fkdue;'

f,kska g wkqj llrejka mx;shla njg m;a lrkafka ndysr mqoa.,hka

isks' f mqoa.,hka ljq o@ Tjqka wh;a jkafka lsk mx;shlg o @
f,kska mjik whqka Tjqyq wmx;sl nqoau;a;= fj;s' ta ;j;a ixjdohls'
f nqoau;=kaf.a {dkh llre mx;s {dkh f' tfy;a Tjqyq ksIamdok inkaO;d
jYfhka .;a l, llrefjda fkdfj;s' Tjqka Okm;s mx;sfhka fyda iq OfkaYajrfhka
fyda i{dkslj fjka jQ wh h yels h' llrejkag wOHdmkhla yd fjk;a myiql
fkdue;s neka llre mx;s {dkh w;a m;a lr .; fkdyels kuq;a fuu nqoau;=kag
tu {dkh w;a m;a lr .ekSf ndOdjla fkdue;s nj f,kskaf.ka miqj f,kskajd
idys;Hfhys i|yka fjhs'
f,kska f.a by; lS ixjdoh iu i|yd wkaf;daksfhda .%Eials fuu
nqoau;=ka llre mx;s nqoau;=ka f,i yekah' Tjqka llrejka fkdjQj o {dkh
iska .;a l, llre mx;shg wh;a jkafkah hkak .%Eialsf.a ;lfhys yrh h'
f,kska wkqj .sh o .%eials wkqj .sh o udlaia f.a udlaiajdoh ^ft;sydisl
fN!;sljdoh& fuys Yd, wnqohlg uqyqK fohs' tla me;a;lska .;a l, {dkh we;s
jkafka ksIamdok inkaO;d ;=< mx;s .ef ^wr.,fha& m%;sM,hla f,i fkdf' {dkh
l,ska we;s ^udlaia o we;= nqoau;=ka ;=<& miqj th llrejka w;rg hhs' llrejka
mx;shla jkafka o mx;s wr.,h werfUkafka o bka miqj h' fuh Bkshd wfmdaylh hehs
lshd .e,ug fkdyels h' woyia j, jeo.;a nj f,kska iu. w{dkslj ms<s.ekS we;'
;j;a me;a;lska .;a l, {dkhla fkdue;s msila ^llrejka& iy Okm;s mx;sh w;r
mx;s .egqula we;sh yelafla flfia o hk m%Yakh mj;S'
udlaiag wkqj llrejka ksi.j llre mx;sh njg fmr<sh hq;= h'
tfy;a f,kskag ^.%Eialsg& wkqj llre" mx;s {dkh ^llre mx;sh& uq,ska u we;s
jkafka llrejka f.ka mndysrj h' lsisjl=g udlaiaf.a m%jdoh fuhg;a jvd m%;slafIam
l< yels o @ ft;sydisl fN!;sl jdohg" llre mx;sfha ft;sydisl ldhNdrhg fuys
isjkafka l=ula o @
udlaia f.a ^ma,jjd& nqoau;d yd f,kska f.a ^ma,jjd& nqoau;d w;r
we;af;a Yd, mr;rhls' udlaia f.a nqoau;d ^udlaia o we;=j& hkq llre mx;s
{dkfha mQj m%ldYhkhls' fuu {dkh wkd.;fha we;s jkakla h yels h'
j;udkfha nqoau;d lrkafka tu wkd.; {dkh m%ldY lsuh' tfy;a f,kskaf.a
nqoau;d tfia fkdf' Tyq llre mx;sfha {dkh llrejka ;=<g f.k hhs' Ty ;j
rg;a llre mx;s {dkfha mQj m%ldYlfhla muKla fkdf' Tyq llre mx;sh u
f' ^ta nj ksrjq,a j m%ldY flf<a .%Eials h'&
f,kska je rg;a f.dia llre mx;sfha mlaIh ixOdkh flf<ah'
llre mx;sfha mlaIh hkq by; i|yka l< {dkh w;am;a lr .kakjqka f.a mlaIh
h' tys idudl;ajh ,eug tu {dkfhka lshefjk ma,jh idlaId;a lr .ekSug
mQKld,Skj wem lem jev lrkakl= h hq;= h' tf,i jev lrkafkda jD;a;Sh
ma,jjdyq fj;s' Tjqka jD;a;sfhka llrejka u wksjdhh fkdf' ma,jjdhl= ug
wjYH jkafka llre mx;s {dkh ,nd .ekSu h'
fuys f,kska f.a mlaIh m%Odk jYfhka u jD;a;Sh ma,jjdka f.a
mlaIhla i uq ukskau jD;a;Sh ma,jjdka f.a mlaIh fkdf hehs lsisjl= lshkq we;'
l< hq;af;a l=ula o hk lD;sfhys f,kska fgl jD;a;Sh ma,jjdka f.a mlaIhla .ek
i|yka lrk w;r ;j;a fgl m%Odk jYfhka jD;a;Sh ma,jjdka f.a mlaIhla .ek
l;d lrhs' f wjia:d foflka u lshefjkafka yrh jYfhka .;a l, f,kska f.a mlaIh
jD;a;Sh ma,jdka f.a mlaIhla nj h'

f,kska f.a jD;a;Sh ma,jjdhd hkq udlaia f.a llrejd fkdf' udlaia o
nqoau;l= f,i ma,jhg mlaI h' tfy;a Tyq ma,jfhys m%ldYlfhla muKla h'
f,kskag wkqj udlaia f.a llrejdg lsisfkl ;ud iska u ma,jjdhl= h yels
fkdf' f,kska f.a .%yhg wkqj jD;a;Sh ma,j jdkaf.a iuka; jk mlaIh" tk
Bkshd llre mx;s mlaIh ck;djf.a iydh we;sj ma,jh idlaId;a lr .kshs' f,kska
lshk ma,jh ck;dj f.a fyda llrejka f.a fyda ma,jhla fkdj mlaIfha ma,jhls'
wo iudc m%cd;ka;%jdka hehs lshd .kakd fldgi kej; udlaia lrd hEug
;e;a lrk njla fmfka' llrejka iudcfha nyq;rh njg m;a ;ukag u n,h ,nd
.ekSu;a .ek l;d lsug iudc m%cd;ka;%jdyq W;aiql fj;s' fuys Tjqyq llre
mx;sfha mlaIh iska ck;dj f.a ^tk nyq;rh jQ llrejka f.a& iyfhda.h we;sj
flfrk ma,jh m%;slafIam lr;s' n,h ,nd .; hq;af;a mlaIh fkdj llrejka h hkak
fudjqka f.a ks.ukh fjhs'
udlaia f.a llrejd yd f,kska f.a llrejd w;r meye,s fjkila we;'
fuys llrejd hkqfjka woyia jkafka Y%uh iQrdlEug Ndckh jk ;eke;a;d fkdf'
ta w:fhka k udlaiaf.a llrejd o f,kska f.a llrejd o tla whl= nj wuq;=fjka
lsj hq;= fkdf' fuys jeo.;a jkafka Okm;s l%uh fmr<d oukakd ljqo hkakh' Okm;s
l%uh fmr<d oukafka llre mx;sh hehs udlaia yd f,kska hk fofokd u mejiqj o Tjqka
thska woyia lrkafka tlu fldgila fkdf'
f,kska udlaiajdoh m%;slafIam flf<a ta whqka muKla fkdf' udlaiag wkqj
ma,jfhka miqj Okm;s mx;sh mrdch lr llre mx;sfha wd{dodhl;ajh msysgqh hq;=
h' f,kskag wkqj msysgqjkafka llrejka f.a yd f.dka f.a wd{dodhl;ajh h' udlaia
f.dka foi nef b;d idj{ whqks' Tyq Tjqka .ek i|yka flf<a f.dakshl nyd w,
f,ih' udlaia f.a udlaiajdohg wkqj ^th Wml,amkhla jqjo& ma,h mx;sh jkqfha
llre mx;sh h' Okm;s mx;sh mrdch l< yelafla;a bka miqj rdcHh msysgqh
yelafla;a OfkaYajr l%uh iska W;amdokh lrkq ,enQ llre mx;shg i wfkla iq
OfkaYajr fldgia j,g fkdf' tfy;a f,kska th m%;slafIam lrhs' Tyqg wkqj ma,jfhka
miqj we;s jk rdcHh llrejkaf.a yd f.dkaf.a wd{dodhl;ajhls'
f,kska f.dka o we;=,;a lr .;af;a lreKq folla fya;=fldg f.k hehs
is;sh yels h' tla lreKla k reishdf mej;s ;;a;ajhhs' udlaiag wkqj ma,h
wjia:dj t<fUk g llre mx;sh rf nyq;rh njg m;aj ish hq;=h' tfy;a
reishdf 1917 jk g o llrejka f,i isfha ck.ykfhka iq msils' Okm;s mx;sh
mrdch lsfuka miqj we;s lrk rdcHh b;sydifha m<uq jrg nyq;rfha rdcHh jkafka
hehs udlaia mjihs' reishdf mEf.k nyq;rh jQfha f.d ck;djhs' udlaia f.a udlaia
jdohg reoaO jqj o f,kska llrejka f.a yd f.dkaf.a wd{dodhl;ajhla fjkqfjka
fmkS isfha h' tu.ska nyq;rfha rdcHhla f.dv ke.Sug bm;a fuka Tyq yrfhka
flfia fj;;a rEmsl j k udlaia iu. tl h'
fojkqj f,kskag we;a;g u jeo.;a jQfha llrejd fkdj jD;a;Sh
ma,jjdhd h; ma,jjd {dkh i;= ;eke;a;d h' lrejka f.a yd f.dkaf.a
wd{dodhl;ajh hkak jD;a;Sh ma,jjdhdg wdlIkSh igkamdGhla h' llrejka
fkdjQ jD;a;Sh ma,jdjdkag ;uka f.a meje;au hqla;s hqla; lr .ekSu i|yd f,kska f.a
igkamdGh jeo.;a h'
flfia fj;;a Okm;s l%uh ;=< ksIamdokhg llrejka yjq,a jk whqka
yjq,a fkdjk f.dka o ma,jhg wEod .ekSfuka f,kska Okm;s mx;sh yd llre mx;sh
muKla w;r jQ mx;s wr.,h m%;slafIam flf<a h' tk udlaiajdofha lshefjk m%d.aOkh
yd Y%uh ;r .egqu ^yd wr.,h& f,kska iska m%;slafIam flKs' f,kskag wkqj mx;s
.egqu fjkia iajrEmhla .kshs'

f lreKqj,ska fmkS hkafka f,kska bm;a l< m%jdoh udlaia f.a

m%jdofhka fjkia njh' udlaiag wkqj llrejdg ma,jjd {dkh ,enqfKa
llrejdf.a ldYkh ;=< h' tfy;a f,kskag wkqj llre mx;s {dkh ndyska
llrejka ;=<g meKsfha h' f,kskaf.ka miqj udlaiajdoh" udlaia f,kskajdoh f,i
yekau ksjer fkdf' f,kskaf.a m%jdofhka udlaiajdoh m%;slafIam flfrk neka
f,kska f.a m%jdoh yekah hq;af;a f,kskajdoh fyda ^iage,ska iska miq lf,l
f,kskajdoh miq lrf.k f,kska wkqj hka f.dvk.k ,o mlaI wdm;Hh o
i,lka& f,kska-iage,skajdoh fyda hk kks'
udlaia f.a m%jdohg o jvd f,kskaf.a m%jdoh ixjdoj,ska .yK h' llre
mx;sh OfkaYajr l%uh mrdch lsfuka miqj n,hg meKsh hq;af;a wehs hs udlaia
f;are lr fkdkafka h' ksIamdokh yd mx;s .egqu ^wr.,h& w;r inkaOh o Tyq
meye,s fkdflf<a h' tfy;a wvq u ;rka Tyq fjk;a ixjdo ueo jqjo llrejka f.a
mx;s {dkh jOkh u ksIamdokh iu. noaO flf<a h' f,kska th o m%;slafIam lr
{dkh llrejdf.a jOkfhka ndysrj ;e h' ta u; mok Tyqg Bkshd llre
mx;sfha mlaIh ms<sn| kj w:l:khla ug o yels h' f,kska f.a mlaIh llre
mx;sfha mlaIhlg jvd llre mx;s {dkfha mlaIh h' th llre mx;s {dkh w;a
m;a lr .;a Bkshd jD;a;Sh ma,jjdkaf.a mlaIh h' f,kskaf.a mlaIh llre mx;sfha
m%ldYkh fkd h' llrefjda Bkshd llre mx;s mlaIfha rElv njg m;a jQy'
iage,skag n,hg meKsh yels jQfha f,kska iska f.dvk.k ,o fuu Bkshd llre mx;s
mlaIfha uOH.; Ndjhg yd th iska w;a m;a lr .;a n,hg mska isjkakg h'
iageka,ska mok jQfha f,kskajdoh u; i udlaiajdoh u; fkdf' udlaiag wkqj llre
mx;sfha ldhNdrh jQfha iudcjd ma,jh hs' f,kskag wkqj ma,jh mlaIfha ft;sydisl
ldhNdrh h' f,kskajd mlaIhg f,kska iska b;sydifhka ^ft;sydisl
fN!;sljdofhka& ,ndka fuu iy;slhla iu. mlaIfha ;SrK ksjer njg ta;a;=
.ekaKs' ^b;sydifha ldhNdrh bgqlrk mlaIh jer h yelafla flfia o@& f ish,a,
iska udlaiajdofha b.ekafjk" wjidk .%yfha ish,a, fN!;slhg ^ksIamdok
inkaO;djkag& W!kkh h hq;=h hkak m%;slafIam flKs' Bkshd WmjHqyh wfOda
jHqyh u; ^{dkh fN!;slh u;& n,mE lrk nj fuhska meye,s f'
udlaia f.a m%jdohg wkqj ,nd.; yels ;j;a ks.ukhla jQfha iudcjd
ma,jh m<uqfjka ish hq;af;a OfkaYajrh jOkh jQ rgj, nj h' udlaia f.a yd
tx.,aia f.a ,shlsh,s j,ska ta nj meye,sj u m%ldY lr we;' we;a;g u udlaia
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQfha tx.,ka;fha iudcjd ma,jh m%:ufhka isfh hkak h'
udlaia yd tx.,aa we;e ;ekl fjk;a l,am o i,ld n,d ke;af;a fkdf'
WodyrKhla f,i .;afyd;a fldhqksia m%ldYkfha reishka mj;khg ,shk ,o
fmrjofka reishdf m%d:l fmd bv whs;h
s fl,skau Wiia fldhqksia fmd whs;sh
lrd hd yels o hk m%Yakh udlaia yd tx.,aia iska k.d we;' ta w;r u Tjqka k.d we;s
wfkla m%Yakh k reishdj ngysr rgj,a ldYkh jQ wkaoug u ldYkh h hq;= o
hkak h' udlaia yd tx.,aia f m%Yakj,g meye,s ms<s;=re fkdfo;s' tjeks m%Yakhla
folla k.d ;snqk o tajdg meye,s ms<s;=re fkdfuka yd lrk wfkla m%ldYkj,ska .uH
jk lreK k udlaiajd m%jdoh ;=< reishdj jeks wvqhqKq rgla m<uq j Okjd l%uh
Tiafia f.dia iudcjdoh idlaId;a lr .; hq;= nj h'
fYaIfhka u bkahdf Okm;s l%ufhys jOkh ms<sn| j udlaia iska
,shd we;s fohska ta nj meye,s fjhs' ;dkska hgf;a bkahdf is jQ fjkial
ms<sn|j Tyq wNsrefhka i|yka lrhs' iu; udlaiajd woyiaj,g wkqj wvq hqKq
rgj, wkd.;h hqKq rgj,a u.ska m%;snkh flf'
wvq hqKq rgj,a ms<sn|j jQ fuu m%jdoh iuia;hla f,i .;a l<
reishdf ixfYdaOkh jvd ksrjq,a h' tfy;a th ixfYdaOkh ula i m%;slafIam
ula fkdjk nj wm f;are .; hq;= h' m%Odk jYfhka u fg%dials iska ixfYdaOkh

lrk ,o m%jdohg wkqj reishka Okm;s mx;shg Okm;s ma,jh idlaId;a lr .ekSug
Yla;shla fkdh' tneka iudcjd ma,jh ft;sydisl ldhNdrh lr.;a llre
mx;sh Okm;s mx;sfha ldHNdrh o bgql< hq;= h' llre mx;shg th bgq lr .;
yels jQfha id l%uh | oud n,h w;g .ekSfuks' tfia n,h .ekSfuka miqj msysgqjk
llre mx;s rdcHh Okm;s ma,jh Tiafia iudcjd ma,jhg o md ;eh hq;= h'
jvd;a ksjer j lsjfyd;a iudcjd ma,jh ;=< u Okm;s ma,jfha lghq;= o imQK
l< hq;=j ;snqKs' tys Okm;s ma,jh yd iudcjd ma,jh hkqfjka wj folla fkd h'
tla ma,jhla fkdkej;S bhg f.dia wfkla ma,jh njg o m;a fjhs' ^1917 jk g
f,kska o fg%dials f.a f m%jdoh ms<s.;af;a h' wfkla w;g f,kskaf.a llrejd udlaia
f.a llrejd fkdj jD;a;Sh ma,jjdhdh hk m%jdohg fg%dials uq,ska reoaO jqj o
1917 jk g llrejd ms<sn| f,kska f.a w: l:kh ms<s.;af;a h'& udlaiajdofha
ixfYdaOkhla jQ fuu m%jdohg tl, iudc m%cd;ka;%jdka f,i fmkS is hqKq Okm;s
rgj, udlaiajdyq yd fukafIlajdyq tl fkdjQy' Tjqkag wkqj m%:ufhka Okm;s
mx;sh iska Okm;s ma,jh is l< hq;=j ;snqKs' iudcjd ma,jh meKsfha bka miqj
h' kQ;k iudc m%cd;ka;%jdka o fg%dials f.a ixfYdaOkh mfil,d wdmiq udlaia yd
fukafIlajdoh lrd hEug ;e;a lrk nj fmfka'
fg%dials tf,i udlaiajdoh ixfYdaOkh l< o Tyqf.a isf;ys Yd, l=l=ila
jQ nj meye,s h' Tyqg m%Yakh jQfha f,dal wdl moaO;sh ;=< reishdj jeks wvq hqKq
rgl iudcjd ma,jh ish yels jqj;a th bhg f.k hkafka flfia o hkak h'
fjk;a jpkj,ska lsjfyd;a reishdj jeks rgl llre mx;sfha wd{dodhl;ajhla" tk
llre mx;s rdcHhla" .g u mj;ajdf.k hd yels o hkak fg%dialsg m%Yakhla h' ;ks
rgl m%Yakhla f,i fkdj f,dal wdl moaO;sfha m%Yakhla f,i th .%y l< fg%dialsg
wkqj reishdf llre mx;s rdcHh .ska .g u mj;ajdf.k hEug yels jkafka hqKq
Okm;s rgj, o iudcjd ma,jh isjkafka k muKls' Tyqf.a m%jdohg wkqj hqKq
rgj, iudcjd ma,jh idlaId;a lr fkdf.k reishka llre mx;s rdcHh
mj;ajdf.k hdug fkdyels h'
tfy;a iageka,s hqKq rgj, iudcjd ma,jh isyskhla f,i ie,l=f h'
tu rgj, iudcjd ma,jh isjQj;a ke;;a reishdf iudcjdoh f.dvke.sh yels hehs
Tyq Yajdi flf<a h' tfuka u iudcjdoh f.dvke.Su fg%dials fuka fkdj wj follska
^Okm;s yd iudcjd& isjkafka hehs o Tyq lshd isfha h'
reishdf uE;l jQ isj,ska fmkakq flfrkafka hqKq rgl
iudcjd ma,jh ch.%yKh fkdlr wvq hqKq rgl iudcjdoh f.dvke.sh fkdyels
nj o@ iageka,s f.a n,dfmdfrd;a;= lv jqj o fg%dials f.a m%jdoh thska ;yjqre Kso @
fg%dialsjdka th tfia hehs lSug m%sh lrk ne wms oksuq' tfy;a ta w;r fg%dials ;j;a
lreKla o i|yka lr we;' tk reishdj jeks wvq hqKq rgl iajNdjh yd ma,jfhka
miqj we;s jQ is,a hqoaOh wdh fya;= fldg f.k reishdf ks,Od ;ka;%h ys jQ nj;a
tfy;a ksIamdokfha jOkh;a iu. rg ;=< u we;s jk foaYmd,k ma,jhlska fuu
ks,Od ;ka;%h m<jd yk nj;a h' fuu wkdjelsh reishdf fyda fjk;a udlaiajd
iudcjd rgl ;ju;a bgq fkdue;' wjYH k tjeks foaYmd,k ma,jhla is fkdjQfha
o hqKq rgl iudcjd ma,jh is fkdu ksid hehs j;auka fg%dials jdhdg ;l
l< yels nj k ienE h'
tfy;a tg o by; i|yka wfkla wjia:dj, o mek k.sk m%Yakh jkqfha
hqKq rgl iudcjd ma,jh ch fkd.;af;a wehs o hkak h' th b;d jeo.;a uQ,sl
m%YaKhls' ksIamdokfha jOkhg Okm;s l%uh ndOdjla fkdjQfha o@ tfia;a fkdf k
llrejkg llre mx;s {dkh fkd;sKs o@ ;uka f.a .,s; nj llrejka
fkdokafka o@ llrejkag kdhl;ajh ug Bkshd ufkdauQ, idOlh jQ o" ma,jjd
{dkh llrejka ;=<g f.k hkakd jQ o" jD;a;Sh ma,jjdka f.a mlaIh ys fkdKs
o @ tfia ys fkdKs k thg fya;=j f,dal Okm;s wdl l%uh ;=< mfha msys
fkdhqKq rgj,a uOHfha msys hqKq rgj,a u.ska iQrd lEu iska miqj lS rgj, we;s

lrkq ,enQ w;sla;fhka fldgila tu rgj, llrejkg o fnod uo @ th tfia k"

tg wOHdmkfha myiql ,enQ llre mx;sfha whg tu {dkh ,nd.; fkdyels o@
tfia fkdyels k thg fya;=j l=ula o@
hqKq hehs lshk rgj, llrjkaf.ka nyq;rhg ma,jjd {dkhla
fkdue;s nj meye,s h' Tjqka Wmu jYfhka .;a l< jD;a;Sh i;s {dkhg jvd je
fohla w;am;a lrf.k ke;' udlaia f.a m%jdoh l=ula jqj;a f,kska mjid we;s m u
llrejkg Bkshd llre mx;s ma,jjd {dkh we;s fkdf' fkdhqKq rgj, fuka
u hqKq rgj, o b;sydih iska" ta inkaOfhka .;a l, k f,kskajdoh ikd: fl
we;' flakafhys msys rgj, llrejkg ma,jjd {dkh we;s fkdug fya;=j tu
rgj,a iska mfha msys fkdhqKq rgj,a iQrd lEfuka ,;a w;sla;h fnod yeu k
fkdhqKq rgj, llrejkg tlS {dkh w;a fkdjQfha wehs @ fkdhqKq rgj,
OfkaYajr l%uh ;=< ksIamdokh bhg fkdhoa;a tys o llre mx;shg ma,jjd
{dkh ,nd .ekSug fkdyels fuka fmkakq lrkafka wka lsisjla fkdj udlaiajdohg
wkqj llrejdg ksifhka u ,nd.; yels hehs lshefjk {dkh Tjqkag ,nd .ekSug
fkdyels nj h' ^reishdf yd wfkla rgj, ma,jjd {dkh we;s jQfha llrejkg
fkdj f,kska f.a jD;a;Sh ma,jjdkag h'&
hqKq rgj, llrejkag llre mx;s {dkh w;a fkdug fya;=j
wOHdmkh fkd,eu hehs we;euqka m%ldY l< o th ms<s.; fkdyels h' tjeks rgj,
fkdfhl=;a wOHdmk wjia:d llrejkag ,ef' tfia k hul=g lsj yelafla tu
wOHdmkh iska llrejka uq<d flfrk nj h' wdlD;sl wOHdmk ,nd fok mdi,a"
YajoHd, iy wkdlD;sl wOHdmk ,ndfok ckudOHh yd iudch llrejkag
,ndfokafka Okm;s wOHdmkhla nj;a bka llre mx;s {dkh ,nd.; fkdyels nj;a
tjekakl=g lsj yels h' tfy;a tjeks ;lhlska lshefjkafka lsis llrejl=g lsisuodl
llre mx;s {dkh ,nd .ekSug Okm;s wOHdmkh ;=< bvla fkdue;s nj h' wfkla
w;g fkdhqKq rgj, llrejkag wOHdmk wjia:d fkd,eu fya;= fldg f.k llre
mx;s {dkh ,nd .ekSug fkdyels k thska lshefjkafka tjeks rgj, llrejkag o
llre mx;s {dkh ,nd .; fkdyels nj h'
udlaia f.a m%jdofhys bm;a flfrk ixjd woyiaj,g wkqj llrejka
tlaflda ksIamdokh jOkhj;au ma,jjd {dkh w;am;a lr .; hq;=h; ke;ak
ksIamdokh bhg fkdhEu ;=< mx;s wr.,h i|yd wjYH ma,jjd {dkh ,nd .;
hq;= h' hqKq yd fkdhqKq rgj,a fjk fjk u fuu wjia:d fol llrejkg ,ndka
kuq;a Tjqka iska w;am;a lr .ekqKq ma,jd {dkhla ke;'
tfia jqj;a udlaiajd m%jdohg iudcjd rdcHhla i|yd ;j;a tla
wjia:djla b;s we;' tk Okm;s l%uh ;=< uq,ska ksIamdokh b;d Yd, jYfhka
jOkh miqj ksIamdokfha jOkhg wdl inkaO;d ^Okm;s l%uh& ndOdjla jk
wjia:dj h' hqKq rgl fyda fkdhqKq rgl fyda ;ju;a fuu wjia:dj Wod fkdue;s
hehs lsisjl=g ;l l< yels h' tfy;a tf,i ;l lrkakkag reishka ma,jh o
iudcjd ma,jhla fkdf hehs m%ldY lsug isjkq we;af;a reishdfj ys Okm;s l%uh
;=< ksIamdokh <ore wjia:dfjka Tng fkd.sh neks'
h lsisjl= tf,i 1917 reishdf iudcjd ma,jhla is fkdKs hehs
m%ldY lr ;ju;a f,dalfha lsis u rgl llrejkag ksi.fhka u ma,jjd {dkhla
,nd .ekSug fkdyels we;ehs ks.ukh lrkafka hehs is;uq' tg tu mqoa.,hd bka lshkq
we;af;a OfkaYajr l%uh ;=< ;ju;a ksIamdokh bhg hk nj h' ta wkqj ksIamdokh
jOkh OfkaYajr l%uh ksIamdokhg ndOdjla jk wjia:df muKla llrejkag
ksi.fhka u ma,jjd {dkh ,efnkq we;'
udlaiajd m%jdofhys tla wxYhla ;=< h lsisjl=g tf,i ;l l< yels
jqj o udlaiag wkqj ksIamdokh jOkh j;a u ksIamdokfha hka;% iQ;% fhdod .ekSu je

j;a u OfkaYajr l%uh wnqohg hd hq;= h' ta w;r llrejka f.a ld,lkaks nj yd
o;djh je h hq;= h' tfy;a hqKq rgj, tfia jQ njla fmfkkakg ke;' OfkaYajr
l%uh ld,dj;s;j wnqohg .sh o iuia;hla f,i .;a l, .=ld,Sk ksIamdok fha
jOkhla isj we;' fuh is we;af;a flakah iska mh iQrd lEu ksid o@ tfia k
tla moaO;shla f,i .;a l, f,dal Okm;s wdl l%ufha weK ysula wkd.;fha isjk
nj;a tg mfha msys rgj, llrejka ma,jd {dkh w;alr .kq we;s nj;a wm
ks.ukh l< hq;= o @
udlaia f.a udlaiajdohg wjidk jYfhka l< yelafla b;du;a ixjd j wm
tu ks.ukhg t<h hq;= nj mejiSu h' tk f,dal OfkaYajr moaO;sh ;=< mfha msys
rgj, llrejka ;j ;j;a ld,lkaks .,s; " h wjia:djl uq uy;a f,dal
wdlh u ;j rg;a jOkh fkdjk gl" wr.,h i|yd wjYH llre mx;s {dkh
w;am;a lr .kakd nj h' tfy;a wm b;d wudrefjka tu ks.ukhg mefK;a u
udlaiajdoh u thg tfrysj hhs' tu llrejkg iudcjd rdcHhla f.dvke.Sug k
Okm;s l%uh ;=< ksIamdokh jOkh llrejkaf.a {dkh Wiia ugulg m;a
;sh hq;= hehs udlaiajdoh lshhs' fuu llrejka iudcjdoh f.dv ke.Sug h;ak
orkafka uq f,dalfhys u fkdj ;u ;ukaf.a rgj, h' f,dal ugfuka ksIamdokh
jOkh jqj o ;ks ;ksj .;a l, mfha msys rgj, ksIamdokh jOkh fkdue;'
tneka Tjqkag ld,lkaks nj yefrkakg iudcjdoh f.dvke.Su i|yd wjYH Wiia
{dkhla ,e ke;' tfia k f rgj, llrejka iudcjd rdcHh f.dv k.kafka
flfia o @
uq f,dalh u tl u wdl moaO;shla f,i i,lka lrk Yaf,aIKfha
m%Odk j, lula jkafka thhs' Okm;s l%uh iska iuia; f,dalh u wdl jYfhka
inkaO lr we;ehs ms<s.;a; o wjidkfha ma,jh ch.%yKh lsug isjkafka f,dal
ugka fkdj ta ta rg f,i h' tg f,dal ugka lrk Yaf,aIKh ;j rg;a j,x.=
fkdfjhs' udlaia f.a udlaiajdohg fuu ixjdofhka f.dv taug fkdyels h'
udlaia f.a udlaiajdoh fuu j, lka fmf<oa f,kskajdohg o tjeks u
jQ m%Yak mek k.S' f,kskajdka iska mKa;udkS j l;dlrk ufkdauQ, idOlh jQ
ma,jjd mlaIh lsisu hqKq rgl tlaflda we;s fkdue;' tfia;a ke;ak we;s jQ
ufkdauQ, idOlhg llrejka ma,jh lrd fufyh ug fkdyels h' ufkdauQ, idOlh
we;s llrejka ma,jh lrd fufyh jQ rgj,a we;ak ta reishdj" kh jeks
fkdhqKq rgj,a h'
hqKq rgj, Bkshd llre mx;sfha mlaIh we;s fkd k thg fya;=j
l=ula o@ ufkdauQ, idOlh we;s fkdug fN!;sl idOlhla mj;S o@ ke;ak ufkdauQ,
idOlh fN!;slfhka iajdhla; j mj;S o@ tfia iajdh;a; j mj;skafka hehs mejiSu
fN!;sl jdhl=g l< fkdyelalls' Bkshd wfmdayl inkaO;d yd wfmdayl l%u .ek
fl;r l,d l< o wjidk .%yfha ish,a, wdl inkaO;djkg W!kkh lsug
W!ks;jd fN!;sljdka g isf' tfia k m%Yakh jkqfha ma,jjd mlaIh ys fkdug
fya;= jQ fN!;sl idOlh l=ula hs fidhd .ekSu h'
hqKq rgj, ksIamdokh ;ju;a jOkh fjka mj;skafka h hkak ta
i|yd hyels ms<s;=r fjhs' Okm;s l%uh ksIamdokfha jOkhg ;j u ndOlhla
fkdue;s neka hqKq rgj, Bkshd llre mx;sfha mlaIh ys fkdue;s nj tg
ks.ukh lsug isfjhs' tg udlaia f.a udlaiajdohg tfrysj l,ska ke.+ fpk f,kska
jdohg o tfrys j ke.sh yels h'
fkdhqKq rgj, ufkdauQ, idOkh ys fkd we;ak ta ms<sn| j
f,kskajdohg h yels ms<s;=r tu rgj, tjeks {dkhla ysu i|yd ksIamdokh
jOkh fkdue;s h hkak h' kej; jrla flakah yd mh w;r inkaOh wdh
ms<sn| j udlaiajdoh wrNhd we;s fpk fuys o j,x.= fjhs'

hlsis whqlska f,kskajdka we;e rgj, ufkdauQ, idOlh ys we;;a

thg llrejka ma,jh lrd fufyh ug fkdyels hehs mejiQj o thska fyda f,kska
jdohg wdf,dalhla fkdjefghs' tg m%Yakh jkqfha llrejka tfia ma,jh lrd
fufyhug fkdyelafla fN!;sl idOlh tk wdl ksIamdokh wjYH m%udKhg
jOkh fkdue;s neka o hkak hs' th tfia hehs ms<s.;fyd;a ksIamdok n,f.
jOkh f we;e fN!;sl ;;a;ajhka fug m%:u ufkdauQ, idOlh we;s h yels
hehs .uH jk neka tg ufkdauQ, idOlhg fN!;sl idOlh blaujd hk meje;aula
we;ehs ms<s.ekSug is fjhs' th ft;sydisl fN!;sljdohg mgyeks jk nj wuq;=fjka
lsjhq;= fkdf'
fuu m%Yakh f,kskajdoh wrNhd b;du;a uQ,sl jYfhka o u;=jkakls' ta
ma,jjd {dkh inkaOfhks' jD;a;Sh ma,jjdka f.a mlaIh llrejka w;rg tu
{dkh f.k hk ixOdkh fjhs' fN!;sl idOl w;=ka {dkh u;=jkq fjkqjg
{dkh fN!;slh lrd hEula ka ks.ukh jk neka f,kskajdoh wjidk .%yfha
fN!;sljdohg o msgqmd hhs'
f,kskajdohg ix.; m%jdohla bm;a l< yelafla fN!;sljd rduqjl
fkdf' ma,jjd {dkh ndyska llrejka ;=<g f.k hEu ms<sn| woyi bm;a lr
{dkfha m%Odk;ajhla .ek f,kskajdohg i|yka l< yels h' tfy;a tfia {dkjd
ia:djrhla .ekSfuka miqj f,kskajd jD;a;Sh ma,jjdkag lsjyelafla wmg ma,jh
wjYH jqj o llrejkg th wjYH fkdue;s nj h'
wjidkfha udlaiajdohg fukau f,kskajdohg o b;d wudrefjka Bkshd
fN!;sljd rduqj ;=< k fhdod .; yelafla fg%dials iska ixfYdaOkh lrk ,o
udlaiajdoh muKls' fkdhqKq rgj, Okm;s mx;shg Okm;s ma,jh fyda idlaId;a lr
.ekSug fkdyels neka llre mx;sh iska Okm;s mx;sfha l;jH o bgq lrkafka h
hkak tu ixfYda; m%jdoh f' reishdj jeks fkdhqKq rgj, tf,i llre mx;s
ma,jh idlaId;a lrf.k we;ehs ks.ukh lsula" hqKq rgj, hg lshk ,o h lsis
fya;=jla ksid ma,jh isfkd hehs lSula yer udlaiajdohg fyda f,kskajdohg fyda l<
yels wka fohla fkdue;'
hqKq rgj,a ms<sn| m%Yakhg tu fya;+ka ms<s;=re fkdjk ne wms by;
gqfjuq' tg fg%dialsjdohg wkqj fkdhqKq rgj,a inkaOfhka lsj yelafla l=ula o
@ fg%dials lshk wdldrhg tjeks rgl llre mx;sh n,h f.k Okm;s ma,jfhys
ldhNdrh o bgq lrkafka hehs is;uq' tys u;=jk m%Odk m%Yakhla k ma,jh is
jQfha udlaiajdohg tlj o tfia;a ke;ak f,kskajdohg tlj o hkak hs' llre
mx;sfha {dkh ksij u we;s o ke;ak ndyska f.fkk ,oaola o hkak tys
jeo.;a jk lreKls'
reishdj yd wfkla rgj, iudcjd ma,jh is jQ wdldrh uiSf
ma,jjd mlaIhla iska bgq lrk ,o ldhh o tu mlaIfha kdhl;ajfha ishjqkaf.a
ldhh o b;d meye,s h' tys wmg f,kska jdofhka neyer h fkdyelafla fuu
rgj, ma,jhg kdhl;ajh kafka f,kskaf.a khla yd lemlSula iys;
ma,jjdka f.a uOH.; ^m%cd;ka;%jd& mlaIh u fya;= fjks' ^uOH.; m%cd;ka;%jd
hehs lshejqK o l%shd;aul f th b;d uOH.; mlaIhla h'& llre mx;sh
ksielfhka ma,jjd {dkh w;alr fkd.;a nj;a ndyska llrejkag yd wfkla
ck;djg kdhl;ajh iemhqKq nj;a tys ms<s.ekSug isfjhs' mlaIh llre mx;sfha
m%ldYkh jQjd fkdj th llrejkag {dkh f.k tk wdhqOh njg m;a h' tfia k
is we;af;a fuu {dkh f.k tkakjQ;a fkdhqKq rgj, Okm;s mx;sfha ldhNdrh
o bgq lsug l%shd lr we;s nj h' llre mx;sfha mlaIh llrejkg Wka isg
llrejkaf.ka ndysr j my< jQ {dkh llrejka w;rg f.k hk nj bka meye,s
h' fN!;slhg jvd {dkh bia u;= h' ^fg%dialsg o th m%Yakhla jQjdg ielhla ke;'
mx;sh" mlaIh yd kdhl;ajh hkqfjka lD;shla m, lsug Tyq fm<Uqfka o tneka hehs

is;sh yels h' tfia jqj;a ma,jh ms<sn| m%Yakhl fl;r fN!;sl jdoh .ek l;d l<
o udlaia-fg%dials jdohg o {dkjd ia:djrhla .ekSug isfjhs'&
tfy;a fg%dialsg wkqj fkdhqKq rgl is jk iudcjd ma,jfhka miqj
iudcjdoh idlaId;a lr .ekSug hqKq rgj, ma,jh ch.%yKh l< hq;= h'
ke;fyd;a rf fkdhqKq iajNdjh fya;= fldg f.k ks<Od ;ka;%hla mek ke.S lD;s
^reishdf k msysKq& llre mx;s rdcHhla we;s h hq;= hehs o fuu ks,Od ;ka;%h
mkakd ug ksIamdokh jOkh j;a u llre mx;sh fmrg tkq we;ehs o fg%dials m<
flf<ah' tfy;a wo wmg ms<s.ekSug isjkafka tjeks rdcHj, llre mx;sh iska
ks,Od ;ka;%h mkakd fkdfuk nj h' Tjqkag isjkafka hqKq rgj, llre mx;sh
n,hg tkf;la n,disu hs' tfy;a hqKq rgj, ma,jh is fkdf' tneka fg%dials
f.a ixfYda; m%jdohg o udlaiajdoh .,jd .; fkdyels h'
iage,skag wkqj wvq hqKq rgl iudcjdoh f.dvke.sh yels h' hqKq
rgj, ma,jh foi n,d isug wjYH ke;ehs hkak Tyqf.a ks.ukh h' tfy;a
fkdhqKq rgl iudc jdoh f.dvke.Sug fkdyels nj ka ikd: we;'
udlaiajdoh" f,kskajdoh wd ish,a, wo wnqohg f.dia h' f.dnfjdma yd
fh,aiska hgf;a reishdj fjf<| fmd< .ek l;d lrhs; fm!oa.,sl jHdmdrj,g thg
ys ;eka ,nd ug hhs' rdcH i;= lsu jer nj f.dnfpdma wkqj hka f,kskaiage,skajdyq o we;e udlaia-fg%dialsjdyq o mji;s' ta w;r Okjd hqKq rgj,
ksIamdokh ;j ;j;a jOkh fjka mj;S'
f ish,af,ka u fmkakq lrkafka udlaiajdofhys nxfldf,d;a njh; tys
o;djh h' th iage,skajdofha m%Yakhla fkdj udlaia -fg%dialsjdoh yd f,kskaiage,skajdoh hk foflys u wnqohls' wo f tla jdohla fyda ;j rg;a ixfYdaOkh l<
fkdyels h' ta jdo fol u uqukska u m%;slafIam lsug wo is we;' lsisu rgl
udlaiajdoh wkqj fyda f,kska jdoh wkqj fyda ^llre mx;s& iudcjdohla we;s
fkdue;'
iudc m%cd;ka;%jdoh msis udlaiajdoh lrd wdmiq hEug ;e;a lrhs'
tfy;a udlaiajdoh wmsis fuka u msis wdldrfhka o ixjd h' th wix.;h' tneka
udlaiajdohg wdmiq hEu hkq ;u wirK nj ke;slr .ekSug lrkakd jQ ksIaM, l%shdjls'
^th l%shdjlg jvd m%ldYhlg iSud f&'
iudc m%cd;ka;%jdka f.ka we;efula ^Tjqka ;uka iudc m%cd;ka;%jdka
hehs ykajd .;a; o ke;a o& wo Okjdoh je hqKq lsug W;aidyh lr;s' Tjqkaf.a
;lh jkqfha iudcjdoh ;ju;a f,dal b;sydifha kHdh m;%hg we;=,;a fkdue;s
nj;a" wo wm iskafka Okjdoh jOkh jk hq.hl nj;a h' iudcjdofha mQj idOlh
Okjdoh neka wm l< hq;af;a Okjdofha jOkhg Wmldr lsu hehs Tjqyq mji;s' ta
w:fhka Okjd rdcH mj;ajdf.k hEug wdOdr lsug Tjqyq bm;a fj;s' tfy;a Tjqka
f;are fkd.kakd m%Odk lreK k flf;la n,d ish o" udlaia lS wdldrfhka
iudcjdoh idlaId;a lr.; fkdyels nj h' udlaiajdofhys ixjd nj fuka u wix.;
nj o tys o;djh o fya;=fldg f.k tys tk wkdjels udlaia f.a ys; muKla njg
m;a we;' udlaiajd iudcjdohg jvd ufkdardl iudcjdohla fidhd .; fkdyels h'
tneka fuu kj iudc m%cd;ka;%jdka f.a l%shdud.fhys wjidk m%;sM,h
jkq we;af;a Okjd rdcH ;yjqre lsu h' ta w:fhka .;a l, fuu kj iudc
m%cd;ka;%jdoh hkq Okjdoh u i wfklla fkdf'
b;d meye,sj u lsisu hqKq rgl iudcjd ma,jh is fkdue;'
fkdhqKq rgj, ma,j j,g kdhl;ajh we;af;a llre mx;sh fkdj f,kska f.a
jD;a;Sh ma,jjdkaf.a mlaIh h' tjeks rgj,o tu jD;a;Sh ma,jjdka f.a rdcH
;jrg;a mj;ajdf.k hd fkdyels ;;a;ajhla Woa.; we;' udlaia f.a Bkshd oHd;aul

iudcjdoh mqiaila njg m;a we;' f.dnfjdma f.ka miqj reishdf tlaflda kj iudc
m%cd;ka;%jd ^Okjd& rdcHhla f.dvke.sh hq;=hs; ke;a; iage,skag;a jvd wka;hg .sh
taldm;s;ajhla ys h hq;= h' reishdj m<uqjeks l%shd ud.h f;dard f.k we;' liaf;%da
bj;afuka miqj lshqndj o tu u. u hkq we;'
udlaia woyia l< whqka hqKq rgl ma,jh is fkdjQfha;a fg%dials
woyia l< whqka hqKq rgl ma,jh is fyda is fkd fyda llre mx;sh iska
fkdhqKq rgj, we;s jQ ks<Od ;ka;% ^msyqKq fyda lD; llre rdcH& mrdch lrk
foaYmd,k ma,j is fkdjQfha;a" iage,ska woyia l< whqka tu rgj, iudcjdoh
f.dvke.Sug yels fkdjQfha;a wehs @ thg tl u fya;=j f ish,a, yq ufkdardl
Wml,amkhla yd bka ,nd.;a ks.uk u hs'
udlaiag Okm;s l%uh imQKfhka u Yaf,aIKh lr.; fkdyels jQ nj
meye,s h hq;= h' udlaia f.a mx;s .egqu yd ksIamdokfha jOkh ms<sn|j ixl,amh
w;r inkaOhla fkdue;' udlaia f.a m%Odk Wml,amkh jQfha b;sydih mqrd ksIamdokh
jOkh jk nj yd h ld, mfohlg miqj b;sydifha mej;s wfkla iudc l%u fuka
u Okm;s l%uh o ksIamdokfha jOkhg ndOdjla jk njh' udlaia Okjdoh Yaf,aIKh
flf<a fuu Wml,amkh u; msysgks' thg wu;rj Tyq wjidk .%yfha ish,a,
wdl ksIamdok inkaO;dj,g W!kkh lsug o W;aidy flf<ah' iudcfhys Bkshd
u;=uyf,ys ^Wm jHqyfhys& isjk oE wjidk .%yfha huy,g ^wfOda jHqyhg&
W!kkh lsug yels hehs Bkshd wfmdaylhla .ek fl;r foiQj o Tyq Yajdi flf<a h'
iudc ldYkfhys ,d ixialD;sh" oHdj" ;dlaIKh wdfhys n,mEu udlaia iska
iqfjka ;lafiare lrk ,'
oHdf yd ;dlaIKfhys jOkh o wjidk jYfhka .;a l, wdlh u;
r|d mj;skafka hehs lsisjl=g ;l l< yelsh' tfy;a oHdj" ;dlaIKh yd wdlh
w;r fndfyda g lsh yelafla pl%Sh inkaOhls' ^thg wfmdayl inkaOhla hehs lSug
uu tl fkdfj'& wdlh ksid oHdj o oHdj ksid wdlh o jOkh fjhs' we;e
jia:djl oHdf iDcq n,mEula fkdue;s j wdlh o wdlfha iDcq n,mEula
fkdue;sj oHdj o jOkh f' ta oE w;r pl%Sh inkaOhla we;s w;r we;e
wjia:djl tajd tla;rd iajdk;ajhla o ys lr .kshs' we;e ngysr oHd;aul yd
;dlaIKsl mfhaIKj,g Yd, wdl im;a kq wjYH fkdf' tjeks wjia:d wm
w;ayer uQjo oHdf yd ;dlaIKfha hqKqj ksid ksIamdokh jOkh we;s nj o
ksIamdokfha jOkh fya;= fldgf.k ;dlaIKh jOkh we;s nj o wmg fmkS hhs'
tneka oHdf yd ;dlaIKfha jOkh wdlhg muKla W!kkh l< yels fohla
fkdf'
udlaia iska i|yka fl we;s Bkshd WmjHqyh wjidk .%yfha
wfOdajHqyhg W!kkh fh hk u;h :Hdjls' iudcfhys u;=uyf,ys we;s oHdj"
ixialD;sh" wd.u wdh wjidk .%yfha wdlh u; r|d mj;afka hehs lSu tla
wf;lska .;a l, wfmdayl inkaOhla fkdf' th W!ks;jdoh ms<s.ekSuls'
ffioaOdka;slj lah yels tu uQ,sl frdaO;djhg miqj meye,s jk lreKla k
ixialD;sh yd oHdj iska wdlh fjkia lr we;s wdldrhhs' oHdj iska ksIamdokh
flfrk we;e woyia Wmfhda.S lr .kska ;kd we;s hka;% iQ;% u.ska ksIamdokh jOkh
lr we;' oHd{hka fuu woyia u;=lr we;af;a yq wdl n,f. ksid fkdjk nj
meye,s h' isjeks ishjfia ffioaOdka;sl fN!;sl oHdf l;dj hkq wkalsisjla fkdj
woyiaj, Yla;sfha l;dj h'
oHdj iska wdlh fjkia lr we;s wdldrhhs' oHdj iska ksIamdokh flfrk we;e
woyia Wmfhda.S lr .kska ;kd we;s hka;% iQ;% u.ska ksIamdokh jOkh lr we;'
oHd{hka fuu woyia u;+lr we;af;a yq wdl n,f. ksid fkdjk nj meye,sh'
isjeks ishjfia ffioaOdka;sl fN!;sl oHdf l;dj hkq wka lsisjla fkdj woyiaj,
Yla;sfha l;dj h'

ta ta iudch iska ys lrk l,dj wjidk .%yfha wdlh W!kkh

lsug jeh lsu ysjlg jvd je fohla fkdf' ksiqkaf.a rel;ajh wdl
inkaO;dj,ska Tng hk nj jevji hq.fha l,dlD;Ska ^vdkaf ta i|yd fyd|
WodyrKhls& Okjd hq.fha ck;dj o ri fuka fmkakq flf' Okjdoh iska
jevji hq.fha hym;a oE wjfYdaIKh flfrkafka hehs lshd f m%Yakfhka mek hd
fkdyelsh'
tfukau Bkshd wdfmdaylhla .ek l:d lr bka .e,ug o fkdyelsh
wdlh yd l,dj w;r we;af;a hdka;%Sl inkaOhla fkdf hehs udlaiajdfhl=
mKa;udkSj m%ldY lrkq we;' tfy;a tjekafkl= wdfmdaylh hkqfjka woyia lrkafka
pl%Sh inkaOhla i wfklla fkdf' udlaiajdka muKla fkdj udlaia yd fya.,ao
wdfmdaylh f,i ykd.kafka pl%Sh inkaOhls'
wjidk jYfhka .;a l, udlaiajdoh u fuu u;=uy, yd huy, w;r we;ehs lshk
inkaOjh mgyeks fjhs' ft;sydisl fN!;sljdohla .ek l;d l< o lsis u rgl
udlaiajd .%yhg wkqj ma,j is fkdue;' tfia jqj o udlaiajdofha woyia h ld,
mfohla ;=< uq f,dalhg u n,md we;' is we;af;a wdl fya;+ka ksid iudcjd
rdcH ysu fkdj" udlaiajd woyia u; mok we;e mqoa.,hka ma,j ixOdk
lsuh' u;=uyf,a udlaiajdoh h uy,g n,mE lr we;'
u;=uy, wjidk .%yfha huy,g W!kkh jkafka hehs lSj o wo Okm;s l%ufha
jOkhg ngysr oHdf yd ;dlaIKfha jOkh ieneka u n,md we;' tfukau
;dlaIKsl jOkhla iu. ksIamdokfha hka;% iQ;% Nd;h je u;a iu. udlaia
n,dfmdfrd;a;+ jQ wdldrfhka ieu gu ,dN wkqmd;slh my< fkd.sfhah' Yd, jYfhka
llrejka ld,lkaks ndjhlg m;a fkdh' we;a; jYfhka u udlaia g fkdfmkqKq
whqrlska ksIamdokfha hka;% iQ;% Nd;h jej;a u Okm;Skaf.a ,dN wkqmd;lh o by<
f.dia we;' hqKq rgj, llrejkaf.a jk ;;a;ajh o tf,i u jOkh we;'
we;e udlaiajdka fmkaug W;aidy lrk whqka uOHfhys Okm;s rgj,a
jOkh jkafka yqfola tu rgj,a iska mfha we;s rgj,a iqrdleu ksid fkdf' th
udlaia f.a Y%uh iqrdlEu ms<sn| ixl,amh ia;SrKh lsfuka ksudKh lr.;a m%jdohls'
uOHfhys we;s rgj, jOkh yd ;dlaIKfhys jOkh w;r inkaO;djh
udlaiajdkaf.a fyda f,kskajdkaf.a fyda ig fhduq fkdjkafka Tjqka W!ks;jd j ta
ish,a, wdl ksIamdok inkaO;djkag W!kkh lssug W;aidy lrk neks' tys
W!ks;jd fkdjQ inkaO;djla olskakd ;ud udlaiajdhl= hehs lshd .;a; o udlaiajdhl=
fyda f,kskajdhl= fyda jkafka fkdf'
ta w;r Okm;s l%ufhys jOkhg fya;+ we;s ixialD;sl idOl o
udlaiajdoh yd f,kskajdoh iska ie,ls,a,g fkd.efkhs' thg fya;=j l,ska i|yka lrk
,o u;=uy, yd huy, w;r udlaiajdoh olska inkaOhhs' tfy;a thg mgyeksj
ksIamdokfhys jOkh flfrys olajk wdl,amh ixialD;sh u; r|d mj;S' ksIamdokh
.ska .gu iS>%j jOkh h hq;+h hk woyi iEu ixialD;shlu we;s fohla fkdf'
wo ksIamdokfha jOkh isjkafka iajNdj Ouh iQrd lefuks' th tal fh ksIamdok
jOkhls' im;a iQrd lEfuka jia;+j ksudKh lsu ngysr ixialD;sfhys we;s
wdl,amhls' fuu wdl,amh Okjdohg fuka udlaiajdohg yd f,kska jdohg o fmdh'
Okjdofha hqKqj" ixjOkh wdh ms<sn| ixl,am ngysr ixialD;sh
;=< we;s wdl,am ksid ksudKh we;' tu wdl,am j,ska f;drj Okjdofha jOkhla
is fkdf' tk tu wdl,am Okjdoh ;+< ksIamdokh jOkh ug bjy,a h' fjk;a
jpk j,ska lsjfyd;a ksIamdokh jOkh ug ksIamdokh jOkh h hq;+h hk wdl,amh
fnfyka n,mdhs'

udlaia yd Tyqg miqj f,kska" fg%dials yd iage,ska o ixjOkh ms<sn|

wdlD;s f.dv k.d .;af;a f wdl,am mo k lr .ksks' Tjqka f;are fkd.;a lreKla
jQfha Okjdofha jOkhg o tu wdl,am u n,mdk njh' ksid iska ksid iQrdlEu
inkaOfhka .;a l, udlaiajdoh yd f,kskajdoh Okjdohg reoaO jqj o ksid iska
iajNdj Ouh ^im;a& iQrd ld jia;+j jOkh ;=< hq;=h' ksIamdokh jOkh l< hq;=h"
wdfhys Okjdoh iu. tl h' ksIamdokfhys jvd;a uq,sl jkafka Y%uh iQrd leug
jvd im;a iQrdleu nj udlaiag wjfndaO lr .; fkdyels jQfha Tyq o hqfrdamSh
ixialD;sh ;+< u my< jQ nqoau;l+ jQ neks' ksIamdokfhys jOkhla wjYH hehs lS g
wjYHfhkau im;a iQrd lE hq;+ nj Wml,amkh wjikah' hqfrdamSh ixialD;sh ;=<
my< jQ nqoau;l=g l< yelafla tu Wml,amkfhka msg fkdmek th fpkhg ,la
fkdlr bka miqj ksIamdokfha jOkh fya;+ jk fjk;a idOlhla fyda idOl uid
ne,Suh' udlaia Y%uh iQrdleu hk ixl,amhg meKsfha ta whqka ngysr nqoau;l+
f,ih'
udlaiaf.a w.h ms<sn|j Y%u m%jdoh Okjdoh Yaf,aIKh lsf m%Odk u
;ekla fkdWiq,k nj wvqu ;rka miq.sh jir mKyl muK b;sydih foi ne,Sfuka
fmkS hhs' m%d.aOkh f.dvkef.kafka fyda jia;=j jOkh jkafka fyda ksid iska ksid
iQrd lEug jvd ksid iska im;a ^mirh& iQrd lEu fya;= fldg f.kh' iajNdj
Oufha im;aj, wvq fuka jia;=f jeu isf hehs fuu woyi b;d o< whqrlska
m%ldY l< yelsh' Okjdohg wjidkfha ;ckhla h yelafla mirfhka i llre
mx;sfhka fkdf'
Okjdoh" ngysr oHdj yd ;dlaIKh w;r we;af;a pl%Sh inkaO;djla
ne l,ska i|yka flKs' ta ish,a, mok we;af;a iajNdj Ouh ksid fjkqfjka ujd
fyda ue we; hk wdl,amh u;h' tu wdl,amh fkdue;sj Okjdohg;a ngysr oHdjg yd
;dlaIKhg;a jOkh h fkdyels h' Okjdofha fuka u flka wkqj hka oHdf o
kqu n,h i|yd f hehs ie,flhs' udlaiajdoh" ngysr oHdj yd Okjdoh w;r we;s
wka; inkaOh wu;l lrkafka wjidk .%yfha ixialD;sh ^oHdj o we;=<;aj&
wdl inkaO;djkg W!kkh flfuks'
udlaiajdoh iska tu wka; inkaOh ie,ls,a,g .;a;do wjidkfha
t;r fjkila isf hehs Yajdi l< fkdyelsh' thg fya;=j udlaiajdoh o iajNdj
Ouh ksid fjkqfjka ue we; hkqfjka ie,lSuh' udlaiajdohg jqjukd lrkafka
iajNdj Oufhys iajdhd njg m;a ugh' tk iajNdj Ouh ;ukag wjYH wdldrhg
md,kh lsugh'
udlaiajdoh Okjdohg reoaO jkafka jia;=j wrNhd fkdf' jia;=j /ia
lsu yd jOkh lsu ms,sn|j udlaiajd iudc jdoh yd Okjdoh w;r fjkila ke;'
tajd w;r fjki we;af;a jia;+j mqoa.,hka i;= h hq;=o hk lrefKys h' Okjdohg
wkqj jia;=j mqoa.,hka i;= h hq;=h' tk mqoa.,sl jia;=j hkak Okjdohg tlh'
udlaiajdoh tl jkafka idudh jia;=jgh ^ksIamdokhgh'& b;d ishq j .%y lsf
udlaiajdohg mqoa.,sl whs;sh o wlem fkdjk nj fmkS hhs' th reoaO jkafka mqoa.,sl
ksIamdok ud;hgh h'
ixjOkh ms<sn| ixl,amfhys o Okjdoh yd udlaiajdoh ^yd
f,kskajdoh& w;r fjkila olakg fkdue;' ixjOkh hkafkka Okjdoh fuka u
udlaiajdoh o woyia lrkafka k.r ;j ;j;a ixjOkh lsu iy mqoa.,hkaf.a wdYdjka
;j ;j;a je lsuh' jv jvd;a hka;% iQ;% Nd;h" jv jvd;a ldlrKh u yd Bkshd
fl iqjh k ld,h je lsu wdh Okjdohg yd udlaiajdohg fmd jQ oEh'
udlaiajdoh fuka u f,kskajdoh ;+< o kq oKav jQfha ngysr hqKq
rgj,ah' fuu rgj,a Okjdoh fuka u udlaiajdoh iska o hqKq hehs mejfikafka
ksIamdokfhys yd mfNdackfhys jOkhla we; hk wre;sks' udlaia wkqj hka fidah

reishdfjys md,lfhda o ieu gu ixjOkjfha wefuldj mrdch lsug W;aidy

l<y' hqo w" frdl" ihs, wdh inkaOfhka wefuldj iu. lrg lr ish yels
jqjo ck;djf.a wfmalaId njg m;a lr ;snQ fndfyda mdfNda.sl NdKav inkaOfhka
wefuldjhg oYl .Kkdjla miqmiska fidah foaYh isfhah' f,kska-iage,ska jdyQ
fidah foaYfha jeishkag ixjOkh ms,sn| fjk;a w:l:khla" jrKhla lsug
bm;a fkdjQy' tneka fidah jeishd o hqKqj hkafkka uq,sl jYfhka gqf
wefuldf hqKqj h'
f inkaOfhka f,kskajdoh ;=< fjk;a w: l:khla ug ;e;a l<
whl= jQfha k ta ud fia;=x h' Tyqf.a ixialD;sl ma,jh tla wre;lska .;a l<
ixjOkhg fjk;a w: l:khla ug l< jEhuls' tys wdishd;sl k ixialD;sh
Tyqg n,mef hehs is;sh yelsh' tfy;a ud fia;+x g je rla hEug fkdyels jQfha Tyq
o wjidk jYfhka .;a l, f,kskajd wdlD;sh ;+< u lghq;+ l< neks'
reishdf yd kef.kysr hqfrdamfha jeishka tla w;lska .;a l, f,kskajdoh
^ta iu. udlaiajdoho& m%;slafIam lsu mquhla k fkdf' ixjOk wdlD;sh tlla jQ
l< tu ixjOkh Okjdoh ;=,ska ngysr cuksfha" ;dhsjdkfha fyda cmdkfha fuka
t;r lror fkdo iy h wdldrhl m%cd;ka;%jd ksoyila we;sj ,nd .ekSug yels
fgl lgql jQ fidah ud.h ;=,ska th ,nd .ekSug we;s wjYH;djh l=ulao @
udlaiajdoh yd Okjdoh hk foflys u ksid iajNdj Oufhys iajdhd njg m;a lsu
wruqK f' tu wruqK lrd <d f Okm;s fjf<| fmd< wdlh jvd ldhlaIu
nj kef.kysr hqfrdamh f;are f.k we;' ^wo kj iudc m%cd;ka;%jdka Bkshd iudcjd
fj<| fmd<la .ek l;d lrkafka f fya;+fjks' udlaiajdohg o fjf<| fmd<la wo wjYH
we;'&
fidah foaYfha ck;djg fjk;a ixjOk wdlD;shla ,nd ;snqKs k"
wis; wdYdjka uokh lsug W.kajd fjk;a wdl,am iys; ksil= yslr ;snqKs k"
tk udlaiajd iudcjd iudchla fjkqjg fjk;a iudcjd iudchla sys lsug
W;aidy f.k ;snqKs k" j;auka /,a, ta wdldrfhka u;= fkdug bv ;snqKs' tfy;a
udlaiajdoh ;=< fuka u f,kskajdoh ;=< o ixialD;sh {dkh wdhg jvd wdl
inkaO;d jeo.;a f'
fidah foaYfha yd kef.kysr hqfrdamfha isjQ hg jrolrejd
iage,skajdoh hehs lshd we frd .eksug lsisu udlaiajdhl=g fyda f,kskajdhl=g fyda
fkdyelsh' ^tu rgj, ck;dj miq.shod fmr,d uqfha iage,skaf.a m%;sud muKla fkdjk
nj o wu;l fkdl< hq;=h' Tjqka w;ska f,kska f.a m%;sud o | jegqKs'&
tu rgj, is j,g m%Odk fya;=jla we;af;a udlaiajdofha yd
f,kskajdofha o;djh hs' ish fkdyels ma,jhla ^llre mx;s ma,jh& we;s h
fkdyels iudchla ^jia;=j u; mok jQ iudcjd iudchla& ms<sn| ks.uk iy
Wml,amk iys; m%jdohla lsisfia;a u ikd: h yels fkdf' tu m%jdohg l< yelafla
we;e nqoau;=ka fkdu. heu;a" tfia fkdu. hejQjka ,jd ma,j lru fyda lrug
;e;a lsu;a h'
hqKq rgj,aj, udlaiajdoh fyda f,kskajdoh fyda mjik whqka llre
mx;s ma,j we;s h fkdyels h' tu rgj, Okm;s l%uh" m%d.aOkh yd Y%uh w;r
mj;akd ixjdoh fya;= fldg f.k u wnqohg fkdhhs' ;djld,sl wjmd;hla we;s jQ
wjia:dj, Y%uh ms<sn| .egjg jvd oHdjg yd ;dlaIKhg ksIamdokh bhg f.k
heu i|yd kj hka;% iQ;% WmlrK ;ekSug fkdyels u n,md we;' fojeks f,dal
hqoaOfhka miqj we;s jQ ngysr oHdf yd ;dlaIKfha jOkh Okjdofha jOkh i|yd
fhdod .kakd ,' b ld,fha th ;j ;j;a jOkh jkq we;' Okjdofha jOkh wek
yskq we;af;a ngysr oHdf yd ;dlaIKfha jOkh wek ysu;a iu. h' tfy;a th
wek ysulg jvd ksid iska lrkq ,nk i{dksl wekysgula f hehs

n,dfmdfrd;a;= h yels h' Okjdofha" ngysr oHdf yd ;dlaIKfha jOkh fya;=fjka

mirhg ^iajNdj Ouhg& isjk ydksh f;are .kakd ksidg ;u meje;au i|yd u
fuu jOkh fjk;a u.lg fhduq lssug isjkq we;' ksid ta nj wjfndaO lr
fkd.;fyd;a iajNdj Ouh ksidf.a meje;au iy;sl fkdlrkq we;' Okjdoh iajhxl%Sh
j wnqohg hkafka hehs fyda llre mx;sh k ft;sydisl ldhNdrh f,i n,h
w;am;a lr .kafka hehs fyda is;Su ufkdardl jQjls'
Okjdofha jOkhla iu. mfNdackfha jOkhla o" isfjhs' Okjdoh
iska ksIamdokh jOkh lrkjd muKla fkdf' th iska ksIamdokfha jOkfha
is>%;djh o je lrhs' Okjdofha meje;au hkq m%d.aOkfha yd jia;+f jOkhhs' thg
mej;sh yelafla ksIamdokfha jOkfha is>%;djh je lsfuks' f jir oyh ;=<
ksIamdokh fo.=Khla f k B< jir oyh ;=< ksIamdokh tl, mj;sk ugu fuka
fo.=Khlg jvd je lsug Okjdoh isf' th l< yelafla ksidf.a mfNdack o je
lsfuks' ta fya;+fjka wo Okjdoh iska ksIamdokh flfrkafka ksidg wjYH foag jvd
Okjdofha meje;aug wjYH foa h' Okjdofha meje;aug wjYH jQ ksIamdokh ksid iska
wo mfNdackh flf' fj<| ka yd fjk;a Wml%u fhdod .ekSfuka wo flfrkqfha
ksidf.a wdYdjka jOkh lr" ksidg lD;%su wjYH;djhka we;s lr tu lD;%su
wjYH;djhka imqrd,Su i|yd Okjdofha meje;aug wjYH ksIamdok wf, lsu h'
udlaia yd tx.,aia n,dfmdfrd;a;+ jQ wdldrhg ksIamdokfha jOkhg
Okjdoh ndOdjla jkq fjkqjg isjkafka Okjdoh iska ;u meje;au i|yd ksIamdokh
;j ;j;a je lsu h' tfy;a fuys m%;sM,h we;af;a iajNdl im;a b;d iS>%fhka
kdY hEuh' Okjdoh iska Okh njg m;a lrkafka m%Odk jYfhka iajdNdl im;a
h'
Okjdofhys wnqo mek k.skafka fuys h' Okjdohg ku meje;au" tk
m%d.aOkh yd jia;+j je lr .ekSu i|yd ksIamdokh >d;Sh whqka jOkh lr .ekSug
is we;' ngysr oHdj yd ;dlaIKh thg Wmld h yels hhs Wml,amkh l< o
wjidkfha mirh thg bv fkdfohs' oHdj yd ;dlaIKh fl;r jOkh
Okjdofha Wmldrhg meKsho ^thg tfia l< yels fkdf&" iajNdl im;a j,
jOkh;a we;s lsug fkdyels h' tneka Okjdohg ksIamdokh jOkh lsug u.la
fkdue;s fjhs' tfy;a ksIamdokh jOkh lsfuka f;drj Okjdohg meje;aula fkdue;'
Okjdoh ksIamdokfha jOkhg ndOdjla jkjd fkdj im;a laIh heu fya;=fjka
ksIamdokh jOkh lsug fkdyels u Okjdohg ndOdjla f'
wo mirh wd lreKq .ek uis,su;a jk we;e udlaiajdyQ yd
f,kskajdyQ ;u m%jdo iqiq m ixfYdaOkh lsug W;aidy .ks;s' fudjqka fndfyda g
fmkakq lsug h;ak orkafka udlaia" tx.,aia fyda f,kska h h lreKq inkaOfhka
we;e wjia:djl mirh .ek i|yka lr we;s nj h' tfia;a ke;ak mirh iQrd ld
iajNdj Oufhys iajdhd njg ksid m;a lrk ;u iuia; m%jdofhka neyerj hk
lshqula fuu mqfrda.dka iska lr we;af;a fld;ekl hs uiSug Tjqyq fjfyfi;s' ;j;a
iuyre udlaiajdohg imQKfhka u m%;sreoaO jQ u;jdo bm;a lrka th udlaiajdoh
ne fmkaug ;e;a lr;s' Tjqyq w{dkslj udlaiajdoh m%;slafIam lrka ;uka
udlaiajdoh ixfYdaOkh lrk nj mji;s' Tjqyq Bkshd kj ka;lfhda fj;s'
tfy;a udlaiag yd tx.,aiag iuia;hla f,i .;a l, ;u moaO;sh ;=<
iajNdj Ouhg ^im;a j,g& jeo.;a ;ekla ug fkdyels nj f ka;lhkag
fkdjegfyhs' lD;Ska Yd, ixLHdjla ysl, tu mqfrda.dyQ w;ka m;r mirh ms<sn|
jdlHhka folla i|y lr ;snqko iuia;hla f,i .;a l, ksid iajNdj Oufhys
iajdhd jkafkah hk wdl,amh b;d wdOdk.%dySj rEy' tneka udlaiaf.a fyda tx.,aiaf.a
fyda lD;shlska wudrefjka jdlHhla fidhdf.k Tjqka o mirh .ek wjOdkh fhduq lr
we;ehs lSu ysjls'

iajNdj Oufhys im;a kdY fkdlrk jOkhla udlaiajdofhys l

.ekSug fkdyelsh' im;a kdY lrka ;dkska iska bkahdf lrk ,o ixjOkh
udlaia b;d w.h lf<ah' wo Bkshd udlaiajdka mirh iq/lSu i|yd jk mdG udlaiajd
idys;Hfhka fiug W;aidy lrkafka ;u .=rejrekag jer we;s ne lSug we;s
wlue;a; fya;= fldg f.k h'
fudjqka tjeks W;aidy orkafka mirh inkaOfhka muKla fkdf'
cki;= wdlh ms<sn| m%Yak u;=jk g udlaiajdofhys rdcH ika;l lsula fkdf hehs
lSug f Bkshd udlaiajdyQ W;aidy .ks;s'
fudjqka iuyrl=g wkqj f.dnfpdma lsug ;e;a lf<a tod f,kska lsug
;e;a l< foa u h' fidahg foaYh fjf<| fmdf,a n,f. j,g jD; lsu iy
f,kskaf.a kj wdl m%;sm;a;s w;r iudk;djla iuyre ols;s' ta w;r ksIamdokh rdcH
ika;l lsu iudcjdoh fkdf hehs o Tjqyq lsh;s' f .rd je we;s udlaiajdoh
wudrefjka ke.sgug lrk W;aidyhls'
Okjdoh ;=< ksIamdokh iudchSh hehs o ksIamdokj, ud;fhys whs;sh
fm!oa.,sl hehs o f.k udlaiajdoh iska flfrk Yaf,aIKh ixjd ne by; fmkajd
we;' tu ixjdoh wu;l lr udlaiajd rduqj ;=< f m%Yakh idlPd l< o udlaia yd
tx.,aia iudcjd ma,jfhka miqj ksIamdokh rdcH ika;l h hq;= hehs ks.ukh lr
we;s nj m%;slafIam l< yels fkdf'
fuys wm m%:ufhka u tla lreKla u;l ;nd .; hq;= h' iudcjd
iudch iy tys wdlh ms,sn| udlaia fyda tx.,aia fyda iska flgqm;a lrk ,o
ia;rhla fkdh' f,kska n,hg mefKk g Tyqg yd Tyqf.a i.hkag iudcjd
rdcHhla lghq;= l< hq;af;a flfiao hkak ms<sn|j wjfndaOhla fkdh' tfy;a Tjqyq tla
lreKla k ishy' tk ksIamdokh yd fnod yeu rdcHh i;= h hq;+ njhs' th
rdcHh fkdj iudch i;= h hq;+ nj udlaiajdoh lshkafka hehs lsisfjl=g ;l l<
yelsh' tfy;a iudch i;=u iy rdcHh i;=u w;r fjki l+ulao @ rdcHhla mj;sk
wjia:djl Bkshd llre mx;sfha w{d odhl;ajh laIh fkd.sh wjia:djl" we;a;g u
th iska b;d uOH.;j Yd, n,hla ixflaka.; fl we;s gl iudc ika;l hkak
rdcH ika;l hkafkka fjkia jkafka flfiao @ iudc ika;l lsu hkq Bkshd
ck;dlrKh h fkdyelsh' yer;a fldhqksia
m%ldYkhg wkqj ksOk mx;s
wd{dodhl;ajh ish ksIamdok ud. rdcH yia;h ;=< uOH.; lrhs' th b;d meye,sj
u tys i|yka fjhs' f ms<sn| j jdohla ;sh fkdyels ;rh' m%d.aOkh iy Y%uh
w;r we;ehs udlaiajdoh lshk .egqu iukh lr .kafka flfiao @ mqoa.,sl jia;=j" foam<
l%uh ke;s lsu hkafkka woyia flfrkafka rdcH ika;l lsu i fjk;a fohla fkdf'
tneka wo hul= rdcH ika;l flug reoaO jkafka k Tyq
udlaiajdhl= h fkdyelsh' udlaiajd m%jdofha uQ,sl lreKq m%;slafIam lrkakl=g
udlaiajdhl= h yels fkdf' f,kska f.a kj wd;sl m%;sm;a;shg miq jQfha l=ulao @
fnd,afIla mlaIh n,hg m;afuka miqj f.k .sh hqO fldhqksia jdoh wid:l h'
hqO fldhqksia jdoh we;s lsug tla fya;=jla jQfha rdcHh mj;ajdf.k hkafka flfiao
@ hkak ms<sn|j fnda,afIla mlaIhg ksYa; kqula fkd;suh' f,kska kj wdl
m%;sm;a;shg ;,a jQfha m%dfhda.slj fjk;a l%shdud.hla fkd;snQ wjia:djl" rdcHh
mj;ajdf.k hdug fjk;a Wmfoia ke;s gl" ;djld,sl mshjrla f,igh' ^udlaia rdcHh
mj;ajdf.k hEu ms<sn|j Wmfoia ke;'&
flfia fj;;a f,kska kj wdl m%;sm;a;sg ;,a fuka lshefjk m%Odk
fohla k hg;a msfihska isudka;sl wjia:djkays rdcH ika;l ksIamdokh yd
fnodyeu wid:l jk nj b;d fl ld,hla ;=<u f,kskajdkag wjfndaO u h'
tfy;a Tjqyq bka mdvula bf.k fkd.;ay' kj wdl ms<sfj; ;djld,sl mshjrla f,i
Tjqka iska i,lkq ,enqfha tneks' wjqre ye;a;Ejlg muK miqj f.dnfpdmag isjQfha

kej; jrla fidah wdlfha wid:l nj fya;+ fldg f.k fidah foaYh
fj<|fmd, wdlhlg jD; lsu h' fuys iage,ska o ka by; fj<|fmd, wdhla
iudcjdoh ;+< l%shd;aul lrkafka flfiao hkak uid ne nj iage,skajdhl= iska
lSug bv we;' tfy;a iage,ska th l%shd;aul fkdlf,ah' thg fya;=j l=ulao @ rdcH
ika;l uOH.; ie,iq l%uh m%dfhda.sl jYfhka .;a l< wid:l nj iage,ska o
jgydf.k ishd h yelsh' tfy;a udlaiajd yd f,kskajd m%jdo j,g tlj
fjf<|fmd< wdlhla mj;ajdf.k hdug fkdyelsh' iage,ska tod ;ud wkqu; l<
f,kskajd m%jdohg wjk;j ksy~j issh o" fidah wdlfha wnqoh fya;=fldg f.k
;jrg;a m%jdoh /l .ekSug f.dnfpdma g fkdyels h'
.rdje we;s udlaiajdoh yd f,kskajdoh f.dvke.Sug wid:l jEhul
fh isk Bkshd udlaiajdka yd f,kskajdka ;j ;j;a kj u; b;du;a fnd<| yd
NdiHckl whqka bm;a lrkq lsh yelsh'
iuyr f,kskajdkag wkqj f,kskaf.a kj wdl m%;sm;a;sh llre mx;s
{dkh jOkh lsu i|yd h' Tjqkaf.a m%jdoh fufiah' fnda,afIla mlaIh n,hg
m;a jk g fidah foayfha Yd, llre mx;shla fkdh' tfuka u miqj llre
mx;sfha Yd, fldgila >d;kh h' tneka llre mx;sh ixLHd;aulj jelr
.ekSf wjYH;djla fidah foaYfhys h' tmuKla fkdf' fuu f,kskajdkag wkqj
llre mx;sfha {dkfha .+Kd;aul jOkhla o tl, wjYH h' Tjqka mjik whqka
llre mx;sh n,hg meKsug ;sh hq;af;a tla {dkhls' iudcjd iudchla we;s lr
mj;ajdf.k heug thg jvd hqKq {dkhla wjYH fjhs'
fudjqkag wkqj f,kskaf.a kj wdl m%;sm;a;sfhka isjQfha ksIamdokh
jOkh lsu u.ska fuu hqKq {dkh w;am;a lr .ekSug llrejkag wjia:dj i,id
uh' tfy;a m%Yakh jQfha fuu Bkshd hqKq {dkh o f,kskag ndyska u f.k wd
fkdyels jQfha wehs o hkakh' f k kej; jrla wid:l j {dkh wdlhg W!kkh
lsug heuls'
fuh jeu jqjfyd;a fnd<| ;lhls' f ;lhg wkqj rdcH n,h
,nd.;a llre mx;shg iudcjd rdcHhla mj;ajdf.k hdug wjYH {dkh fkdue;;
tneka llre mx;sh tu {dkh w;am;a lr .ekSu i|yd ksIamdokh je lrk f,i
;djld,sl Okm;s wdl l%ufhka b,a,d is; tg Okm;s wdl l%uh meK
ksIamdokh je lr bka miqj llre mx;sfha {dkh o hqKq ugulg f.k ths; ta
ish,a, flfrkafka llre mx;s rdcHhlh' udlaiajd yd f,kskajd m%jdo wid:l
we;s nj ms<s.ekSug wlue;s whl= m;a jk wjq, tnh'
f,kskaf.a kj wdl m%;sm;a;sh;a f.dnmfpdma f.a yd fh,aiska f.a
m%;sm;a;ska u.ska lshefjkafka tlu fohls' tk udlaiajdoh fldhqksia m%ldYkfhka yd
fjk;a ,sh,s j,ska ksIamdokh yd fnodyeu rdcH ika;l l< hq;= hehs lsh;;a
udlaiajd ^yd f,kskajd& wdl l%uhg fjf<| fmd<la wjYH njh' thg fya;=j
udlaiajd iudcjdofhys ksIamdokh jOkh lsu" iajNdj Oufhys iajdhd njg
m;au wd wdl,am Okjd wdl,am j,ska fjkia fkuh' tu wdl,am iu. fjf<|
fmd<lska f;drj wdlhla mj;ajdf.k hd yelafla b;d iS; ld,hla ;=< uokh
hgf;a b;du;a lD;%su wdldrhlgh' kj iudc m%cd;ka;%jdka we;= j;auka udlaiajdka
ish ixjdo ;=< iudcjd fjf<|fmd<lg ;,a we;af;a tneks'
udlaiajdoh yd f,kskajdoh ;+< we;s ixjdo tys wix.; nj" wdh
wjfndaO lr f.k tu m%jdo m%;slafIam lsug wmg yels h hq;=h' udlaiajdoh yd
f,kskajdoh m%;slafIam lsu hkq iudcjdoh m%;slafIam lsu fkdf'
wo wm iska l< hq;af;a iudcjdohg kj w: l:khla iemhSuh'
iudcjdoh hkq l+ulao @ th we;s lrkafka ljqo @ th we;sjkafka flfiao wd m%Yakj,g

wm ms<s;+re imhd.; hq;+h' tys o kj iudc m%cd;ka;%jdf.a nxfldf,d;a woyia wm

m%:ufhka u m%;slafIam l< hq;+h' fuu iudc m%cd;ka;%jdka lrkafka Bkshd iudcjd
fjf<|fmd< yryd Okjdoh wdrlaId lsuh' Tjqka mjik whqka fkdjqk;a rdcH ika;l
flu yd iudc ika;l flu w;r fjkila we;' tfy;a tu fjki we;s jkafka uOH.;
rdcHfha n,h fnfyka wvq jQ ;;a;ajhla ;=<h' flfia fj;;a l,ska fmkajd we;s
whqka ksIamdokh iudc ika;l flu hk ks.ukhg udlaiajdoh t<fUkafka Bkshd
ixjdofhka iukh flu jeks jer Wml,amkh Tiafiah'
uOH.; llre mx;s rdcHh ;=< iudc ika;l flu hkq rdcH ika;l
fluh' Okm;s rdcHhla ;=< iudc ika;l flu hkq Bkshd ck;d lrKh fyda
mqoa.,sllrKh fjhs' kj iudc m%cd;ka;%jdka lrkafka iudc ika;l flf kHdhg
uqjd mqoa.,slrKhg wdOdr lsuh' Tjqkaf.a Bkshd iudcjd fjf<|fmd< wdlh hkq
wka lsisjla fkdj jD; fyda t;r jD; ke;s Okjd wdlhhs' iudcjdohg kj w:
l:khla iemhSf fmr. uQ,dY% j,ska yd im%odfhka ,nd.; yels wdOdrh buy;ah'
wo wm iska l< hq;af;a f im%odfhka ,nd.; yels oE ljf hs uid ne,Suh'
Okjdohg reoaOj l< wr.,fha udlaiajdoh ^fyda f,kskajdoh& yefrkakg fjk;a
u;jdohla" m%jdohla fkdue;s hehs wmg W.kajd ;snqKs' tu ;;a;ajh wo isoaka yuqf
udlaiajdoh weo jeu ;=< u u.ye f.dia we;' tnekau iudcjdohg kj w:
l:khla f fuf;la fkd;snQ wjia:djla Wod we;' tu wjia:dj wm m%fhdackhg
fkd.; fyd;a ch.%yKhla ,nkq we;af;a *ql=hdud yd ,snr,ajdoka we;= Okjdka h' th
we;a;gu b;sydifha wjidkh jkq we;' ta wka lsisjla ksid fkdj Okjdofha" ngysr
oHdf yd ;dlaIKfha j;udk jOkh ukqIH ixy;sfha meje;aug wys;lr nekah'

msg ljrfha i|yka jelsh

fuu fmd;a msxfpys idlPd flfrkafka udlaiajdofhys

uQ,sl ixjdo lsysmhls' mx;s .egqu ^wr.,h&" mx;s
{dkh"

iudc

ldYkh"

ma,jh

wd

jYfhka

udlaiajdofhys tk uQ,sl ixl,am lsysmhla iy ta u;

f.dvkef.k u;jdo lsysmhla ixjd nj;a th weiqre
lr.;a uQ,sl m%jdoh wix.; nj;a fmkaug fuys lreKq
bm;a flf'
fidah foaYfhys iy kef.kysr hqfrdamfhys udlaiajd
iudcjdoh

lvdjefuka

udlaiajdofhys

ksire

nj

miqj
fy<s

m%dfhda.sl

wjqre

we;'

ye;a;Ejlg wl ld,hla ;=< Bkshd mx;s ixl,am hgf;a

yod jvd .;a ck;dj wo cd;sl mokulska lghq;= l%shd
lr;s' je,af,a Tj ijd .kak meianreka fkd
iudcjdohg

udlaiajd

fkdjk

kj

w:l:k

W;aidy l< hq;= j we;'

ka;k mIo m%ldYkhls

msg ljrh( fla' v,s' ckrxck

ug