Acknowledgement

I would like to express my deep gratitude and appreciation

to Professor Dr Hany Ali Nawara , professor of General
Surgery , faculty of medicine , Cairo university for his great
supervision and encouragement and it was great honor to
finish this work under his supervision .
I wish to express my thanks to Professor Dr Ayman
Salaheldeen Helmy , professor of General Surgery faculty
of medicine, Cairo University for his help and valuable
guidance throughout this work.
I am particularly thankful to Dr Mahmoud Ali Shaker,
consultant of General Surgery, General Organization of
Teaching Hospitals Institute, for his sincere help,
continuous advice and guidance during this work.
Finally I am very thankful to all those who helped me
during this work in all stages.