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đề cương ck PTCC
đề cương ck PTCC
18. Nguyn nhn no lm xut hin th tip xc trong phng php o in th? Gi tr in th
tip xc nh hng nh th no n vic phn tch? Lm th no lm gim in th tip xc?
19. Vit h thc Nernst cho in cc mng thy tinh? Ti sao phi chun ha in cc thy tinh
trc khi o pH. Hy gii thch cc sai s gy ra khi s dng in cc thy tinh trong mi trng
pH qu cao v qu thp.
20. ngha khi s phn hi in cc ch th tun theo h thc Nernst l g?
21. Nu nh ngha in cc ch th, in cc so snh, in cc kim loi. Ly v d cho mi loi
in cc v nu yu cu i hi vi cc in cc ny.
22. Vi in cc bc-bc clorua, chng ta c E = 0,222V, E(KCl bo ha) = 0,197V. Hy d
on gi tr E ca in cc calomen nu E ca n l E = 0,268V.
23. S dng cc gi tr in th cho di y tnh hot ca Cl trong KCl 1M
E (in cc calomen) = 0,268 V, E (in cc calomen, KCl 1M) = 0,280V
24. Hy gii thch s hnh thnh sng cc ph ca mt ion kim loi trn in cc git Hg
25. Trnh by phng trnh Inkovich biu din s ph thuc cng dng khuch tn vo nng
cht phn tch.
26. Ti sao phi ui oxy khi phn tch bng phng php cc ph?
27. Nu nh ngha dng Faraday v dng dch chuyn trong phng php cc ph (v hnh minh
ha). Ti sao ngi ta chn thi im o dng giai on cui ca chu k git thy ngn?
28. Cht nn cc ph l g? Nu vai tr ca cht nn cc ph.
29. Trnh by c s phn tch nh tnh v nh lng bng phng php cc ph. Trnh by th
tc ng chun v thm tiu chun trong phn tch nh lng bng phng php cc ph.
30. Hy gii thch nhng u im vt tri ca cc ph xung vung so vi cc ph xung thng
v cng tn hiu, gii hn pht hin, phn gii v thi gian qut th (v hnh minh ha)
31. Trnh by nguyn tc ca phng php vn-ampe ha tan (von-ampe ngc). Tnh u vit
ca phng php ny so vi phng php cc ph xung thng.
32. Khi chit axit axetic vo dung mi hexan, hiu qu chit cao hn khi iu chnh pH pha
nc pH = 3 hay 8? Gii thch
33. Khi chit mt amin vo dung mi hu c, hiu qu chit cao hn khi iu chnh pH pha
nc pH = 3 hay 8? Gii thch
34. Hy gii thch ti sao cht mang trong pha tnh thng c silica ha?
35. Nu cu to v nguyn tc lm vic ca detector dn nhit
36. Nu cu to v nguyn tc lm vic ca detector ion ha ngn la
37. Mn c s dng nh mt cht ni chun trong xc nh Fe bng phng php ph hp th
nguyn t. Mt hn hp chun cha 2,00 g Mn/ml v 2,50 g Fe/ml cho t s tn hiu (Tn hiu
Fe /tn hiu Mn) = 1,05/1,00. Mt hn hp vi th tch l 6,00 mL c chun b bng cch trn
5,00 ml dung dch phn tch cha Fe vi 1.00 ml cha 13,5 g Mn/ml. hp th ca hn hp
bc sng ca Mn l 0,128, v hp th bc sng ca Fe l 0,185. Tnh nng mol/l ca
dung dch Fe cn phn tch.
S: 8,3310-5 M
38. Mt dung dch c chun b bng cch trn 10,00 ml dung dch cn phn tch (X) vi 5,00
ml dung dch chun (S) cha 8,24 g S/ml v pha long hn hp ny ti th tch bng 50,0 ml.
T s tn hiu o c l (tn hiu X/ tn hiu S) = 1,690/1,000.
(a) Nu lm mt th nghim ring l vi nng X v Y l bng nhau, t s tn hiu o c l
(tn hiu X/ tn hiu S) = 0,930/1,000. Hy xc nh nng ca X
(b) Hy xc nh nng ca X nu lm mt th nghim ring khc vi nng ca X ln hn
nng ca S l 3,42 ln, t s tn hiu o c l (tn hiu X/ tn hiu S) = 0,930/1,000.
S: (a) 7,49 g X/ml; (b) 25,6 g X/ml
39. hp th A ca dung dch X v Y nguyn cht v hn hp X+Y vi cuvet c b dy 1,00
cm ti hai bc sng 400 nm v 565 nm c cc gi tr nh bng di y
Cht Nng
A (ti 400 nm) A(ti 565 nm)
-4
X
1,5010 M
0,942
0,201
-4
Y
3,0010 M
0,226
1,162
X+Y (Cx+Cy)
0,680
0,858
Tnh nng X v Y trong hn hp
S. X= 8,8510-5M; Y = 1,9310-4M;
40. mt sc k ca sc k kh, cho bit (4 ) = 0,5 pht; tr(octan) = 14,3 pht, tr (cht
phn tch) = 15,7 pht v tr (nonan) = 18,5 pht, hy tnh ch s lu Kovats cho cht phn tch.
41. Cho mt ct sc k c chiu di 120cm, tin hnh phn tch hai cht A v B thu c kt qu
sau:
Cht
trA = 250
wA =15 (s)
trB = 270
wA =17 (s)
Mu trng
Mu chun
Mu phn tch
hp th 625 nm
0,140
0,308
0,592
(a). Tnh hp th mol ca sn phm phn ng gia phenol v amoniac (sn phm xanh)
(b). Tnh phn trm khi lng ca nit trong protein
S. (a) = 4,49 103 M1cm1; (b) %N = 16,1%
47. Cu+ phn ng vi neocuproine to thnh phc hp mu (neocuproine)2Cu+, vi cc i
hp th 454 nm. Neocuproine c bit hu ch v n phn ng vi cc kim loi khc. Phc ng
ha tan trong 3-methyl-1-butanol (ru isoamyl). y l mt dung mi hu c khng ha tan
ng k trong nc. Ni cch khc, khi ru isoamyl c thm vo nc, hn hp ru nc
c phn ra lm hai lp, vi lp nc c t trng ln hn pha di. Nu (neocuproine)2Cu+ c
mt, n hu nh i ht vo pha hu c. Gi s rng ru isoamyl khng ha tan trong nc v tt
c phc mu s i vo pha hu c. Gi s rng th tc sau y c thc hin:
1, Mt tng c cha ng c nghin thnh bt, v tt c cc kim loi c chit tch ra vi
axit mnh. Dung dch axit c trung ha vi baz v pha long n 250,0 ml trong bnh nh
mc A.
2, Tip theo, 10,00 ml dung dch A c chuyn vo bnh B, thm 10,00 ml dung dch cht kh
kh tt c Cu2+ v Cu+. Sau thm 10.00 mL dung dch m mang li pH thch hp
cho s hnh thnh phc Cu+ vi neocuproine.
3, Sau , 15,00 ml dung dch ny c ly ra cho vo bnh C. Thm vo 10,00 ml dung dch
cha neocuproine v 20,00 ml ru isoamyl vo bnh C. Sau khi hn hp c lc u, cc
pha c tch ra khi nhau, tt c (neocuproine)2Cu+ trong pha hu c.
4, Mt vi ml lp trn c ly ra. o hp th 454 nm s dng cuvet c b dy 1,00 cm.
Mu trng thc hin thng qua cc th tc tng t cho mt hp th l 0.056.
(a) Gi s rng cha 1,00 mg Cu. Nng ca Cu (mol/l) trong ru isoamyl l bao nhiu?
(b) Nu hp th phn t ca (neocuproine)2Cu+ l 7,90 103 M1cm1. hp th o c s l
bao nhiu? Lu rng mt trng thc hin thng qua cc th tc tng t a ra mt hp th
l 0,056.
(c) Mt tng c phn tch v o c hp th l 0.874 (cha c hiu chnh vi dung
dch trng). Hy xc nh c bao nhiu mg Cu l trong ?
S. (a) C = 1,57 105 M; (b) A = 0,180; (c) 6,60 mg Cu;
48. hp th mol ca mt n axit yu HInd (Ka = 1.42105) v baz yu lin hp ca n l
Ind bc sng 430 v 570 nm c xc nh bng cch o trong mi trng axit mnh v baz
mnh ( ton b cht ch th tng ng dng HInd v Ind). Kt qu thu c cho bng
di y:
HInd
Ind-
430 (M1cm1)
6,30102
2,06104
570 (M1cm1)
7,12103
9,61102
272
327
16400
3990
3870
6420
E = 0,339V
Sn2+ + 2e Sn
E = 0,141V
52. Cd2+ c s dng nh mt cht ni chun trong phn tch Pb2+ bng phng php von-ampe
xung vung, Cd2+ b kh 0,60(0,02)V v Pb2+ b kh 0,40(0,02)V. Xc nhn rng t l
ca chiu cao pic l t l thun vi t l nng trn ton b phm vi nng s dng trong th
nghim. Di y l kt qu cho hn hp bit nng v hn hp (cn xc nh nng +
cht ni chun):
Cht phn tch
bit nng
Cd2+
Pb2+
Cha bit nng
Cd2+
Pb2+
Nng , M
3,23(0,01)10 5
4,18(0,01)10 5
+ cht ni chun
?
?
Dng (A)
1,64(0,03)
1,58(0,03)
2,00(0,03)
3,00(0,03)
Dung dch cn xc nh nng c chun b bng cch trn 25,00(0,05) ml dung dch cn
xc nh nng v 10,00(0,05) ml dung dch Cd2+ 3,23(0,01)10
M v pha long n
50,00(0,05) ml.
B qua khng m bo, hy xc nh nng Pb2+ trong dung dch cha pha long
S. 2,6010 5M
53. Mt hn hp gm 1,06 mmol 1-pentanol v 1,53 mmol ca 1-hexanol c tch bng phng
php sc k kh cho tn hiu din tch pic tng i l 922 v 1570 n v. Khi 0,57 mmol
pentanol c thm vo dung dch hexanol cha bit nng , t l din tch pic tng i l 843
v 816 (pentanol:hexanol). Xc nh s mmol hexanol trong dung dch cn xc nh.
S. 0,47 mmol
54. Mt dung dch chun cha 6,3108M iotoaxeton v p cloro benzen 2,0107M (mt cht ni
chun) cho din tch pic tng ng l 395 v 787 khi s dng phng php sc k kh. Hn hp
gm 3,00 ml dung dch iotoaxeton cha bit nng v 0,100 ml 1,6105M p cloro benzen c
pha long n 10,00 ml. Phng php sc k cho din tch pic 622 v 520 tng ng vi
iotoaxeton v p cloro benzen. Tnh nng ca iotoaxeton trong 3,00 ml dung dch iotoaxeton
cha bit nng .
S. 0,41 M