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http://pdf-book.net

http://pdf-book.net

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1ApyU BTBe SwA k{ BM Bkj A BQ oM Bnj SiB{

,zi JAoA ,jovA X
M ,oBnj y /k AkQ Rk{
B kMB AkU ,AoA

Mo\U BnB onB M o pA C bA ji

2Akw oU w M KA

3s jo oU BwB{ AoM nBM

5wnA xn 4Aow BT X) kTwA Bk { n Bnj SiB{ ,AoMBM /SwA

SiB{ nd y oM TiB{ k /SwA A B] nBMnj RBA kM nC] AoM

,oA A /k k FU

/(1996 ,

7RBA xpAjoQ kU

B A M

6AnAbo xpAjoQ B\ nj

9) jAj fn wBzAn pe nj j 1970 j nj SwA 8TiB{ JA JBUpBM

koLM Aw op An nCJAoA ApjovA BoyQ BU kj jB AnBM M AoBnj SiB{

AnBM M AoBnj a ,A oM /k B oU onj An BC ,o A pA

,` /k wnoM An ji BT w Sd
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,kj nAo wnoM k jn An jBM Bo B BU k AnBM M AoBnj SiB{

" X) Bo A SwA /kAk{ BC JAoA jovA WBM Bo Aop

/k{BM T{Ak Mo\U nB _ ("Tv SBM B xpnAM jC

A nj /SwA

11wB{ nAkkQ p nj (1960) 10ow v BnB k Bnj SiB{

SiB{ M RBU /k dU U An JnB\U SwA wB{nAkkQ ,Bnj SiB{

oMkU ,BwB{nAkkQ Mo\U pC AoM M SwA A nj ow v BnB BM M Bnj

/nBA BpC SA :SwA kzkA

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14BwB{ ,Ao kpBw BBkj nj /So o nj

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15B SA BU

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/ko Rn B B RBA tBwAoM z B MyQ /

1. stressful states

2. biased

3. idiosyncratic

4. Socratic

5. Aristotle

6. schematic processing

7. information processing

8. cognitive revolution

9. Leahy

10. Husserl

11. phenomenology

12. open system

13. constructivist

14. knower

15. facts

16. certainty

17

http://pdf-book.net

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z ,

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RBTeA k BlA kBM oBnj SiB{ ("!oM BQA w nj SwA BA

,SwA Swj
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An

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,ji yAj yAqA AoM j{ ]T

nBM a /j{ jB\A oU nBM "

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A M An "LS" ,nBM kj Bz pB A wnoM KA /SwA UM B MyQ kpB

/k U ,nA oT M pA zhM

nBMnj kj nAo ok
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k BA An zhMkA oLn y kBL oBnjSiB{ kT /kBM BM

BoM nj

7 B{ ,TvAj M pB

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B nk M ,kTv Ji i" :k o A M nAjA An B{ kAi A /k Ao]A

NBC BL{L{

ji jAo M "zkASLX" o pA jnAk k~ Bnj SiB{ !"knAj Swj An B{ jo k{BM

A M ,SwA "BMA oU" xpC ,yk M ;jnCnj o C A M An jo kwoM

/wBzM oTM An SA ATM

B SA /SwAomQ pBM Tvw ,SwA k{ nAm BQ C oM Bnj SiB{ zAj Tvw

,AoMBM /kBM kkQ Bkj o pA SwA ,kk] RBU B BpB Te

kk] JnB\U ,kk]

a o] /joM nB M An

9joMnB Bkj ,yAj oMAoM nj kj jB nBM M oBnj SiB{

SiB{ ,BX A M "?S{Am kAi B{ oM oYA a o A" :SwA jBM Aw A ,Bkj

oBnj ,` "?jnAj (KB BAq) kBQ a B{ LkFU" :kwoPM SwA oBnj

nA B YjBe a ,jnB Swj M An Aoj kFU o A" :k pC An nBM A kAhM nBM pA SwA

kz kFU jo jB

11(pCSo] X) 10nBTn BzBpC o pA nBM /"kC yQ yAoM

o nj An nBM A j M BzBpC a /kwoM p M BwC j{ WBM ,Aoj KB] pA

/kTv qAoMtoU ,kj nAo

fn

12joMnB pC

15nBL]A wAw TiA nj 14nAoU 13eAq nBA AoM joMnB BpC pA

1. inferential thinking

2. indeterminative

3. demand certainty

4. existential

5. uncertainty

6. knowledge needs

7. skeptical

8. stuart smalley

9. pragmatic

10. behavioral experiments

11. assertive training

12. pragmatic test

13. intrusive

14. repeating

15. obsessive - compulsive disorder

http://pdf-book.net

19 . k

yB An nBA A pA xji toU ,eAq nBA nAoU BM kAU nBM /SwA

oYA nj /kj nAo Bnj ZBC An (1993 ,

1nBA pBwo ,kj

3aAn) 2 o {\ ,nBA pBwo U /kj

z An jAp Ba BM kwoM l M o A o A" X) wAw o AAo ,U A onB M

T An o

4Bzo A o{ M TLA ,k AkQ yB kAU ("SwA nB A B\A B M

,` / nAoU An C j 500 nBM ji nBz pe M An o :j B\A C i nBTn

jB\A BM ,A oM /jAj nAo pC o nj An eAq o AU

/(1997

a,

7q) jo BA nBM nj An 6wC SBe AU BwoU BwBveA

o BkCo U

JnB\U

5,nBn U o pA

8 BdU jnAj BlA SA A M oBnj SiB{

9Mo\U BU oC qA ,B\ ThAoM /k{BL B oU jB\A AoM SwA

/k{BM no oU jB\A AoM SwA q ,k B An kk] BwB{nAkkQ BwBveA

AoM nB A /k Mo\U

10B\ cw nj An kk] JnB\U nBA k{BM T{Aj pB nBM SwA

nj kk] o Lw j{ WBM k AkQ jBM SA

,nBM l nj BhwBQ dU

An o ,nBTn BzBpC o pA BU k B]Ao M AoBnj SiB{ /joM { nBM l

/k kLU joMnB M An yM M

BM oTzM SwA AojBw nBvM ,jon A kkT Bnj SiB{ AkT pA ioM

M j SA
B\ xpAjoQ v M Bnj kCo nj /BB\ BU k pBM RB

kCo nj kBM /AjAj |B~TiA "nd B\ Bnj" Mo\U BU M ~ ,JBT A nj j

nAo BU nj

12{qA LeB~ nBM z kFU ,11k BM Bnj SiB{ BU ,Bnj

B\ A M An TiB{ RiAk BU k nBM M Bnj Lw a lBhUA /ko

RAoU kAU AojBTA a a K\U KA /k Mo\U Tzi M Mo

pA /k ]U ,jnC j]M Jo jovA jAoA nj Bnj SiB{ An B\ oza

uQ ,kj yB An ji JAoA jovA k jAoA M Bnj SiB{ o A ,T{m BA

An AnBM A k w jo onj A M An B\ ,Bnj SiB{

/kj oU

nBM A Sv /ko nBM An ji JLd BU ,AoBnj SiB{ kwn o M KA

,"

15kCnB B nBA Apn SLY" "14kA{ wnoM" ,"13SB qnBoM" X BU An Bnj

1. thoughts flooding

2. thought - action fusion

3. Rachman

4. suppression

5. exposure

6. panic

7. Wells

8. rational analysis

9. expriential

10. emotional level

11. empathy

12. motivational interviewing

13. activity scheduling

14. examining the evidences

15. daily record of dysfunctional thoughts

http://pdf-book.net

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pA ,{ (ji KB] Boow pA ) BzkA tAw nBaj ji T /k{

BA
,kk AoM BU A / jBTwA v e BjoLAn kCnB B nBA SLY BU
pA w k xU oBe JBT /k{BL oY z BM oj jo AoM SwA

BTeA ,BU T A /kj nAo BM ~~hT nBTiA nj An Bnj SiB{ BU

A oYoX k ,k jnioM BC BM Bnj nj AoBnj SiB{ Th Rz AoM

/k{

Bnj SiB{ kCo nj B{ kwoQ pA o ,pnB nj nj yQ Bw ka kC jB

/ jBTwA U Ak pA SwA A xn jo o ?k bo An ji RAw n a

k{ ]T
GkM BA

jL kM An yMA] a BTeA !oiq Aw K\ jo o AA

pA BBw S{m BM /(jM kwo ji l M Aw a Aoa k{ wFT ) SwA LB] nBvM Aw

AkQ Aw C M ]U
ninj gwBQ ATvAT p ,ATo jB An jBp BU A BM ,Ao]B A

jBTwA BC pA S_ j{ nMn BU BM JBT A nj SwA k kAi /

A B BM BM ~~hT ,jBp BTeA M /(k{BM jnh y{ M BC wA Te

B ) SwA jo

oj U B\Q ,k jBTwA ji AnBM AoM U [Q ApA M k{ ]T ,JBT

~~hT ,` /kAjo jBTwA BC pA oiA (BBw Te B) BB nj jnAj j]

oTzM B An ji U Aqi k{ B{C kk] BU BM ,JBT A B BM kAU

/kzhLM

MBpnA"

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"nBA BM

AT Rn~M kBM ~ w A /jpAjoQ Bnj SiB{ jBM BU M

~ A BU a o A /jnAj |B~TiA ,

B A
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8"kA Bo

9"BAo MBpnA" M nBa ~ /k{ kAi

10o Ao JAoA TiA s M MAoA RTiA BM LUo Rz M GoB

\Q B~ /kj y{Q q An AnBM BMyQ pA {B Rz ,~ A BU

BM ~~hT M ,

12"oLB]"

kBwoM yM A M An AnBM ,

11" BBi RBA xpAjoQ" ,z{

13nBTBM B ,A BnB pA jBTwA BM BU k

Bnj" ,T ~ /kC nj JC pA Swnj ,k o Aka ,BzBo \T

1. rational role play

2. deuble standards

3. testing prediction

4. eliciting

5. assumptions

6. evaluating

7. challenging

8. rules

9. worries

10. generalized anxiety disorder

11. logical error

12. putting things in perspective

13. context

http://pdf-book.net

21 . k

nj /kk

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SwA k{ AnA Th B\ B Mo\U BU ,"B\ xpAjoQ BU" ,Tz ~

wnoM" , ~ nj /k{ A oY B\ xBi

BBnj bA pBwB AoM kAU

BodU BM yBa AoM Ajo bo An UiAk BAw ,"

,jpB ~

3TiB{ BodU BM yBa

4"L kFU M pB bA" ,j ~ /ko nAo jBTwA jn Th TiB{

pA nBvM /jo bA An o BA A AU a kj Bz ,

5"ojBTA

ji BM yBa"

M JBT A nj /kAk{ To nBM ~ j A nj SwA k{ bo L B~ nj BU

nBL]A wAw TiA

Bnj RiAk Beo"

6BT]A tAo ,wC X ,I nd RTiA |~h BU

JBT pA kAU p A nj p RBA Kv AoM /SwA kz TiAjoQ

/k jBTwA (2000)

SiB{"

8k oYA ,"7MAoA BTiA jovA AoM

,k{pnA jBA JBT nj Bnj SiB{ BU pA nBvM joMnB d `

Ak M MBTwj AoM /SwA kC (1995)

(1996) oYA ,

9M Sj] oYA ,"#C wAo jBM A :Bnj

10BjoMnB jBM A :Bnj SiB{" JBT M kAU Bnj SiB{ nBMnj

/k ]Ao

BM /SwA k{ kMo nd U i ,Bnj SiB{ k onBA SwA AkT

, kM ,nBLTAM ,B xn Rn~M kAU Bnj SiB{ A oe A

An "Bnj

SiB{ nj SB oM L " JBT

j M /j{ To nB M k Tvi jBw ,dw

##SB pA kM S oM JBT A nj /jnCnj oodU T{n M

pA kUnBL k M S A /Ajo k BU

13(B) BMo y BA ,12qooi ,11L kFU AoM l BT{A"

xpAjoQ ,
nj kAU MBT BTA v /(2001

b ,)

16Tzi RBLY 15pBwjkdji ,14AnAbo

pA BU k oBnj M SwA A joMnB /j{ pBw Bnj SiB{ jon KB

An nBM jo M MAn MB] ,xji nj MBT BTA BMop Bo nBA nj o

onB M Bnj SiB{ nj no {BM T{Aj ok

An T A TvBM BA

/k nj oTM

1. schema-focused therapy

2. personal schemas

3. cognitive distortions

4. approval seeking

5. self-criticism

6. social phobia

7. Treatment plans and Interventions for Depression and Anxiety Disorders

8. Holland
#

Cognitive Therapy: Basic and Beyond

:SwA k{ ]oU wnB M op RB~hz BM JBT A #

B Lve :BA /kMB Bnkd Anj ZoA ]oU /(k] 2) Bnj SiB{ M B MB BA n /(1386) /M ,Sj]

9. Judith Beck
/(/) /SwA jBT pA

10. Congnitive Therapy: Basic principle and Applications

(moral resistance)

iA SB /SwA kz o l SB jBMA pA kwn o M #

11. validation concerns

12. risk aversion

13. victim roles

14. schematic processing

15. self - limitation

16. self - consistency

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 22

k{ BM A A BQ oM Bnj SiB{ /SwBnBTn nBA oU yBa ,pC ,AiAo ,BU

/knAjnioM d Mo\U ATzQ pA A A /SwA

SwA no j poM pB]A BpAjoPBi M KA ji BkAi AoM T A o l

,Bnj nj yM v TiBw Tv]oM BC Rz zn nBMnj AnBM BM v BWdM

nj T / Bn An Bnj SiB{ B
Aow Lw k KoU An B pA nBvM SwA

T{Aj pB kB{ SwA A k ni l M o A ,{ ]A SvMM BM Bnj kCo

MyQ BM SB qnBoM :j nAo ok

nBA kM ,Rm
nBMj An jBM A {BM

1xAn ,M) oj jBM BU pA nBvM kA{ \Tv] ,KB BAq wnoM ,kCji

nBM An BU a A pA uQ /(1997 , ;1989 ,qoM ;1995 ,M ;1979 ,

3oA 2B{

nd nAbo BU ,nBM z pBw X RiAk BU oBw M B C ,To

pA nBvM /kAjo kFU q An BU A zhMoYA ,BysQ TLA / ]U

nd B\ BU

k
k w ko nB M An B{ji |~h Bnj Lw ,Bnj kCo nj AoBnj
JBve M k{pnA nB j{ oBnj k{ Tv WBM nB A ao A /koM nB M An B{ji
d Mo\U ATzQ SwA BBnj onB M , v k S
j kBM AoBnj BA
,kC
yB Bp BU An nAbo n oM nB k tBveA oBnj SwA ,BX A M /knAj

\T nj SwA k{ kFU BC zhMoYA BU jpAkM oiFU M jovA JAoA

AnB BU ,Bnj nB AkTMA nj AU HA B Aoa /kkM Swj pA An k{pnA BM Bz{

,pCnB nj nj kC jB ?oLM nB M An (sQ\T RBB zQ tBwAoM) yhMoYA

Bw Lw M An Bnj SiB{ kAU S{Aj jBTA ,jM {BM nBvM tBzAn AnB pA

C nj ) ji BTA Lw A /kjo Bn nB An Bnj ,yAnBM pA nBvM /joLM nB M xji

An RBv] ,So nB M A Swnj An BU S{Am nB An (jAj nBM M Bi U

A AnBM pA nBvM Sn BM nBvM nB zhMoYA /jAj Bi U AnBM M jo jnBTiBw

/kjAj AjA An Bnj BBTz

An ji zhMoYA Bnj Bjon BU oM AkTMA TvBM oBnj jBzQ Gk]

nBM BpB tBwAoM An Bnj SiB{ kAhM A pA L ,k AkQ B vU ,kAjAj Bz

nj kAhM A pA L ,joM nB M An Bnj SiB{ jBM A AkTMA SwA oTM /k kU |Bi

jo nB M An BU ,oA AkTMA nj SwA oTM /k qnBQ An nqM o bo ,ji l

/SwA k{ kFU BC Mo\U An

pA kM Te
;o nB M |Bi nBM AoM An U ka KA ,Bnj SiB{ kAo nj

1. Rash

2. Shaw

3. Emery

http://pdf-book.net

23 . k

,nAj jBTA

2pCoQ 1nBoQ M /kjAj oU An ji o ,B pAkA M AnBM A

onB M BS q
pA / An q BQoj o BUjB Ai T H~h

M An BU A pA kC nj nBM o A SwA A ,keA o BM yBa AoM Th BU

An jo pCnB nj L Bw ka /k jBTwA oj U pA kAU ,jL oY So nB

nAo xn A oYFUSdU ,knAm ,SwA Te KeB oBnj SiB{ ,"qoM kj" oop

"qoM kj" BM An [w o X nBM |Bi z ~ e a T /To

jBTwA BC pA nBM o A yBa AoM ATM oLM B An U j" :S M ,T{Am B nj

Bnj RBv] knBTiBw oM o{ oYFU a ,nAj gwAn jBTA BU U M ,A nj /"

AnBM j{ WBM nB A /jnAm B] M AnBM n jBp oYFU ji M M oA knAj

/koM jB B{ nBA BM MB a nBMnj jBp BRnB

oM /SwA no AnBM pA Mk Ak To kwn \T A M BM JnB\U nj

p ` /k{BM k kAU nBM oBnj w pA kAjoM nB M BU jo i ,A

wnoM BX A M /kpAjoPM BC oYFU k j oYA M BU wnoM M oBnj nBM SwA

kB{ /jM kAi k ,k{BM oY SwA TvAT kCji o kA{ w Lw U Aoa A

xB \Tv] kpB jnAj j] nBM l nj LS U B o{ kB ,oUjBM nBM

oUjBM Bv M kj pB]A B M Tv{ a ,j{ A oY U T /SwA oTzM

,B\ pAoQkM BM ~~hT ,A nj / AkQ Swj omQB BA BnAbo B kA X

kAU Bnj nj (SB B) Sv{ a ,k S
j oTzM BU zhMoYA joMnB k M kBM

Ao nBM z pBw AoM To kBzM nBM oU k]

Rz BwB{ w M An

/jnC BnA M AnBM qo BnBM wnoM AoM An oUoY BU ,nB a /k

nj An BU A pA Two /kTv p no Bnj kCo nj nBTn BU , o M

,k )

MAoA RTiA jovA AoM Bnj RiAk Beo "

JBT A SwQ

BkAi M SwA Bnj TiB{ BL] U ,JBT A A k B\C pA /AjnC (2000

JBT M ,(2000) k JBT oM ,nBTn B B AoM jBzQ k
/k ]Ao "BvnqM

j :BM Bnj nBTn" A

BM (2002)

3wo oM

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MyQ k{ kM]nj BU" ,"SB qnBoM" ,BX A M /SwA nBA pC
"Rm

qa_ pA" X) BnBM kj pB]A nBM M k{ Jvd nBTn UiAk

Rm

jBTwA nBA A pC AoM "pCSo]" /jnAmM Mo\U d M An ("AjovA z " B "oM

1. overpractice

2. overlearning

3. Hersen

http://pdf-book.net

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/"Tv o jC" B "jnAk Swj Ao u _" :j{

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/k kU ,SwA dU
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/jqioM yBa M "SwA dU

MBo B ioM M jo o" nBM A BM v\U nBn

(J) ,AL~ z o A pC (A) X k BLj An k ka kAU "pC yAnC"

ThAoM cw yB (Z) nBA BM yBa AoM yhMAnC i SBe B nBA BA M

BnBM bA nj kAU "TvMA Sok" "jxAjBQ ji" A HTB / A BB\

kCji nBA ,k nBM M nBTn BU /k{ A oY ,kCnB SB M ]An

/k jBTwA nBA A BM yBa AoM nBTn BpC pA kwBzM An

ji /SwA k{ jnC nBM oBnj BT pA A ,U o nBMnj ,JBT A nj

k ,BT A kT Aop ,Ajo jBp jBTwA nBM BM oBnj T a pA z

kjw k kATM JBT A nAkA ka o /kn nB{ M BU joMnB a pA pBw

l nj j A M o po A /joM An "RnB SdU

xpC"
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SiB{ BoC TTvA" nj oTj nj AoM An AoBnj kj So {

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M ]o A M kATM JBT A nAkA /j{ U ojB BBQ B M kBL nB p\ AoQ

/SwA k{ ]UM
BC M BTeA k opBM An Be An BU k BkAi

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1. B
eck

2. elicitation

3. m
aintenance

4. E
m
ery

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reenberg

6. cognitive biases

7. cognitive assessm
ent

8. autom
atic thoughts

9. distortions

10. m
ind reading

11. personalizing

12. labling

13. fortune telling

14. catastrophizing

15. dichotom
ous

16. Leahy

17. H
olland

18. underlying assum

ptions

19. rules

20. schem
as

21. m
aladaptive

22. rigid

25

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 26

;1997 ,

3Bw 2AkAo ,1AoA M k B oTzM RBA AoM) k{ MAoA BTBe

jovA M SLv ,koM nAo kFU jn kBM kkT jAoA ,AoMBM /(1992 ,AkAo

4qwoQ

/k{ ]A Sv{ BM BnB A M MBTwj nj { kM a ,koUomQKwC JAoA

jo oTzM An BC Aoj k o j{ WBM jAoA a BpBw~h{ BAil

/k{BM T{Ak Sd A qa a SwA Be nj ,k

uPw k{ jAj S] (?"ThMkM nk A Aoa" X) kCji nBA o pA kk] RBA

/("{pnAM uQ ,k kFU Ao Aoj o A" X) ko nAo MBpnA jn BMop Bo L

BnBM SU WBM knAj BLUnA ("{pnAM " X) jo BnAbo BM BMop Bo

A /k{ BC oTzM k~U WBM ,k{ jo pA toU jBTAM o pA k{ jo

Be ]U
WBM ("TBM" "xpnAM" ,"k{ jo j] ") jo BnAbo

ovU An BCB k{ B ]T
,oTzM BTeA jAoA RnkM ;k{ MBhTA

SU WBM BkCo a ,AoMBM /knC jB M oTzM An nAbo BM Ah RBA k

/kTv "

6nAkysQ" "5SwBi nU" ,MAoA pBwjovA oU BLw /k{ nAbo

BM k
A /kCoM nAbo SU AoM RBA \Tv] nj HAj oU BLw A ,UnBL M

9qB ,Bw ;1980 ,8TwB) SwA Ah AnAbo BkCo e MB 7zsQ zQ

BnU ,jo BnAbo kB /ko nAo Be ]U BMop (2002 ,

Rn nj Te
k oLUw An RBA HTv k{ SAk

k /(1970 ,

10jqU

11BAjAnBQ wM KA

13 ;1985 ,12vB) kj AjA ji BM M, BT RBA BM k{ n M n

A oM o (1955) Zn] k
nj /SwA k{ BM ,(1955)

14 Zn] k BQ oM Bnj SiB{

15BpBw" B BnBM kAU BBvA BkM ,"SwA kzAj BvA" SwA

BC kwBzM An ji "
jM oM As k BU ,SB xoTv yAnB M wU oB TiB{ k
/k pC An
B "

16BMA" BLj M ,ji nBM kkFU kA{ \Tv] B] M jo A oU /jnAj oU

jovA jAoA /(1959 ,

18oQQ M k B oTzM RBA Kv AoM) /k{BM xnBM "17kFU k"

o pA SwA Ah BC jovA SBe BM k ]U

UBA M MBhTA n M SwA

/SwA kA{ A j o wnoM BLj M TiB{ k

kA{

/koM kjB An BzBnBM k jn

1. Ingram

2. miranda

3. Segal

4. Persons

5. theory - driven

6. research - based

7. literature

8. Hastic

9. Williams

10. Teasdale

11. Paradigms

12. Hanson

13. Kuhn

14. George Kelly

15. constructs

16. falisfication

17. disconfirmation

18. Popper

http://pdf-book.net

27 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

1uA omQBnBA y M Be A BM BA , k BU M Bnj SiB{ k oM JBT A nj ao A

/(2002 ,

5UAoBU 4wB ;1990 ,3Pwj 2kAnj M k B) nAj BlA q yAnB

oU jon ,[An TiB{ BomQKwC oM k BU BM ,kC j]M M k

BM Bq uA o
,"zkAkBM" ,"

6TB " pA kUnBL BomQKwC A /k AnA An wB{KwC nBMnj

8B\ Bnj nBTn k BM JBT A jon /"o TiB{ BodU" 7"UoQ"

ok BM oY k d M An BC AU knAk nBU ,j{ nAkLB] uA w pA

/jo U

BM kAU a AoBnj pAjoQ T A wnoM M (JBT owBUow nj ) ~ A nj

A SwQ nj) /k MBpnA An BC kwBzM An ji nBA BU k AnBM M Th Bxn

AnA MAoA RTiA wBwA jovA AoM TiB{ BpBw ,2000 ,k JBT

TiB{ Bow BodU nj oTz Bs M An wB{KwC TiB{ k

/(SwA k{
T A oM ,Be A BM BA
,jnAj BlA (kCji nBA BodU BX A M) ~hzU BkML
AnBM M SwA A A k /jnAj pB s |Bi pBw M TiA o k k BU q

jon KB nj An ji z kwBzM An B{o BA ,ji BB\ BM B] M

kooMnj BB\ knAj L An T A ,Mo\U BM AoBnj SiB{ ,Be A BM /k nj TiB{

pAoMA a kjAj Bz

10"AoBw o]" 9"oLo v" TLA /kTv k{pnA RBA

nBMnj UBA L A M BzBB\ pA BU k AnBM M kAU

nBMnj

13B\

12Bnj jBdUA 11B\

BnAbo A /(1987 ,AoBw oLo ) k jBTwA B{kz BnA BpB

nj nBM M k{ B kk{ B\ BSBe wU BnAbo A ,KA) kz BnA BpB

pA
yhM k Ao

Tz B~ nj An "

14BnATiB{ nBMnj k RBA (k BB\ AA qBU

15Mo\U BU"

/kn nB{ M BwBveA nBA A oU Bxn

/pAjoQ Bnj SiB{ w BU M oTzM ,B\A nj BA

,j cU

"knC j]M An RBwBveA a nBA" :U

U
a kU ,A pA jAoA ovU SwA nATwA jBM o A oM Bnj SiB{

1. Ellis

2. Dryden

3. Digiuseppese

4. Kassinove

5. Tafrate

6. low frustration tolerance

7. demands

8. Rational - Emotive Behavior Therapy

9. Lieslie Greenberg

10. Jeremy Safran

11. emotional expression

12. therapeutic alliance

13. emotional schemas

14. cognitions

15. experiential techniques

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 28

BC BwBveA k T k K\U jAoA pA nBvM ,A nj /SwBC nBTn tBveA

M kAU A C pA BzBovU oU BM A SwA A nBMnj BC oU a \T

AnBM M o An Th BU ,~ A nj /kMB Swj UBT BwBveA

j A M jAoA ,j] A BM /knAj ok oM MBT oYFU a BC BwBveA nBA koLM Q BU k

nBTn ,BwBveA ,BC ]Ao A j M ,kjo Bnj BLj M SwA o B{o

:k ]U
k{pnA j A M /SwA BzoCz MAn

/kTv UBT BkkQ ,BwBveA nBA /1

/knC j]M An (nBTn ) BwBveA ,nBA /2

tBveA X ;kn nB{ M BB\ nj JnB\U ,BwBveA /kTv BwBveA M L{ nBA

T / wBU kBnj ,B\ ,UBUM ,{ ,kAB ,toU ,zi ,jovA ,JAoA

A" B "kApw An Swj ,Aj C A" M SwA A X nB{A |Bi B\ B tBveA M

HA BC woQ nBM pA /

1yBa ,BwBveA BM Bnj kCo nj B /"SwA xi i

M nBM jBo jAj Be nj ,SwA kApv An nBM Swj ,Aj C M A X ?knAj JAoA

M ,kAk{ BwBveA A WBM An nBA M ,oM Awop An BwBveA B /SwA k{ kM BwC

/z yBa

yAqA B yB jB\A WBM kAU B{nBA a kj cU AnBM AoM kBM oBnj

o" :k S
j ,knC j]M ] j A wBveA M BX A M /k{ BzBwBveA

uQ ,j{ oTM Akp A kM o" B " kAB tBveA uQ ,jnAk Swj Ao u _

/SwA k{ AnA p A nj oTzM BBX 11 { nj /" oBijwC nAkA tBveA

iAk B U AnA d jBzQ

M /k jBTwA AnBM M U A cU AoM k
A M op AnTwj pA kAU oBnj
oU An BC k yBa BUnBA BM kATM A pA L" : nBM M MB {n BMp

B jovA tBveA B{ T /knC j]M An BwBveA a nBA koM jB SwA oTM ,kj

nj K{ k n~U ,BX A M /k{BM k{ B BTl nj Bi nBA SwA ,k JAoA

/k{ An BUA o\Q jni M Ak B B /kTv qU B{BU Be nj kATvz BU ,q

k o o A BA
/?toU ?kj Swj B{ M wBveA a /SwA k{ Bi jnA jpj kwn BTl M
opn kp nj T /?oBi jwC ?k Mo\U An wBveA a ,SwA jp M An o\Q jBM

1. challenge

http://pdf-book.net

29 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

/ /// tBveA uQ

:tBveA

/// o

:o

kAB

/kj Ah An ThL{i n B _ oj

kBnj

/jnAk -Tvp xpnA ,kp

kAB

/jL MAm] jC a ,k{ Ak] - pA jqB

wC ,toU

/{ Aj

jM Bj ,pU ,SBL~

/jo kAi jBTwAw - pA B

jo ,BU

/Sv - pvj u_

TvMA ,kBnj ,JoA

/ SLAo ji pA AU

nAkA

/ e An C AU nBMj ,jo e An z -A L -

oT nBz ,oBijwC

/{BM } KM nB o nj Sv p

Bd{i ,no

/kM qB] ji M kBM {U oBhM

/knC j]M An RBwBveA a nBA /11 {

,kk{ toU nBaj T /kwn BTl M UBT nBA ,k JAoA B jovA tBveA ,ji

?jo ni BTl M nBA a

BX
B /knBM j]M An SLX BwBveA kAU nBA ,k{ nB{A 11 { nj nB
,kAU |Bi o jz ]T
\T nj k S
j ji tBveA M SwA nBM RBA

:k S
j T A M /jnBM j]M An Bi tBveA

?kTv SeAnB kwn o M

:oBnj

/TeAnB

?k TeAnB tBveA Aoa

:oBnj

/jo o i poj / ThMkM tBveA

A H /kT a BUji M kk{ SeAnB T M BU k M SwA

:nBM

:nBM

:oBnj

/"/// jo o a TeAnB tBveA" :k B An ]

/Tj

nBMnj ,BUji nBMnj ?kT a BUji M ,kk{ SeAnB /SwA tBveA ,Tj

:nBM

:oBnj

?kT a BUji M Mo\U A nBMnj kC

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 30

/k{ Ah ShL{i S_ T ji M

:nBM

ShL{i S_" :kzM oM A l pA An nBM kkAB MyQ SvAU oBnj ,BX A nj

BAq dU :jo nAo yBa MBpnA jn op BU o pA kAU MyQ A /"k{ Ah

X) TiB{ BodU wnoM k MyQ Sd k jn

kkFU kA{ wnoM ,KB

BU M oBe ~ nj /("jM Ai SeAnB z uQ , TeAnB tBveA oBe Be nj a"

/k{ kAi TiAjoQ BU A

Bi U
wnoM An B{nBA BM BwBveA A BLUnA a k MB jn
An BzBwBveA Ai AnBM pA

o A nj An ji BwBveA ,kC T nj Ai B{ pA" :kM kAU oBnj /k

zi ,kAB ,toU ,JAoA ,TeAnB X) tBveA B B\ /k SLY

[~ BTA

nj 11 o

BTl M Bq An nBA ,Oa Sw Tw nj uPw /kvM SwAn Sw Tw nj An (kBnj

:k{BM T{Aj Mn o A M SwA "JAoA" tBveA ,BX A M /k S{AjjB ,k ni

a ,Mo" :SwA A B{ tBveA o ,AoMBM /"j B\A Ji An nB { kM"

/"j B\A Ji An nB { kM

BTeA Rz
\Q Swj AoM oBnj SwA oTM /k{ [ ,nBA BwBveA M T{AmqBU nj KA AnBM

jAoA RBA B " :k{BM oYoX kAU KA BX A AnA /k{BM jBC L pA z A BM jo o

A /"AL~ a Mo" kM SwA o ,BX A M /ko BLT{A tBveA BM An o

,Mo " /kTv B\ j o ,jM L~ JAoA ,SwA B\ B tBveA BM ,]

o" :k{BM A SwA kCyQ o /"SwA oj tBveA q jM L~ SwA tBveA

/"ni Sv{ z o" B "j B\A Ji An nB

BM LUo nBA kAT AnBM SwA A ,kBM yQ nB AkTMA nj SwA oj B{ z

~ A BU oBw pA kAU oBnj ,jnA a nj /kwBzM An ji BwBveA

jAj cU

1l pBwo~U BU ,Tz ~ nj /k jBTwA Tz ~ BUB

/kAk{

1. imagery techniques

http://pdf-book.net

31 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

k BU oBw M nB{A

1
pA B oLM nBM An " o jp tke" X ~ A BU oBw AU ,k{ nB{A nB
AnBM pA nBvM / jBTwA ,kAk{ U Tz ~ nj

l" JBT B

2"l pBwo~U BA BU"

4qoM kj oYA (1989) 3"Ji Be" JBT X ,Bnj SiB{ pe nj BMBT kAi BM

An B{kCji nBA kAU ,

7wkQ Tvo 6ooLo uj T{ (1995) "#5i wAo

yM kAU ,(16 o) B{ TiB{ BodU pA Two T{Am nBTiA nj ,A oM /kwBzM

/k{BM oYoX

o
/(knC j]M An RBwBveA a nBA :nBji o) 11 o

8SA pA o qBU :U
U
/knAj SA nBA jnioM BnBA BM A M ,Tv jovA B BL~ T KA

B o SwA /"SwA Aiji jC" k ni l M o A ,kj BM BU nj SwA

:kwoM l M o A SwA ,Tv Jo T / o BLT{A jnAj BTeA BA

,SwA BM e
/k{BM B Swnj kAU o A /"jo Ai B ,B AnA nj "

Anp HA Sv B kM o A BA
,Tv Anp {BM T{Aj nBM B o AU
nBA /k{BM Swnj HA nBA Sv BkM A

,zkA Bi A M a /Tv

B jM /nAj kkQ nBMnj B kTv Bwke Te

BBkj ,BU ,Bo ,B

BM An BC uPw kwBzM An B{nBA koM jB knAj pB AnBM /j{ SMBY kAU BzjM cd

A-B-C

U pA kAU AoBnj ,BSA BwBveA ,nBA qBU AoM /kj LU SA

Bv pBwB A a koM jB k AkQ So AnBM ,U A nj /k jBTwA

nj {BM kT o A /j{ UBT (nBTn BwBveA) BkBQ (nBA) BnBM M o\ kAU

kAB tBveA ,o L SwA ( o) jo Ah Ji ] _ M BdTA

Mi o AU {BM kT o A ,oj w pA /( nBTn) /{BM T{Ak B e Be

/{ jBC BdTA AoM nAkA tBveA SwA ,oM

1. guessing the thought

2. imagery induction techniques

3. feeling good handbook

4. David Burns

k{ ozT k]nA RAnBzTA w pA ]oU jAp wB oTjBC wU ,"SwA

5. Mind Over Mood

Be B\C"

A BM JBT A #
(//)/SwA

6. Dennis Greenberger

7. Christine padesky

8. fact

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 32

("jo Ah Ji ] _ M BdTA nj") A o SwA A BX A nj KB] T

SwA

1yhLBji yQ A nj j{ BdTA AoM kz jBC nBpBwB nBTn M o\

/o Mi \T BdTA nj ,nBTn o oBi M

k jnioM A M B{nBA BM ,k{ BL~ B Jo ,jovA jAoA pA nBvM

SwA k{ AnA BX ka 12 { nj /knBA Bv SA BM An B{o ,knAj SA nBA

/j{ o\ UBT BnBTn BwBveA ,nBA M kAU Bv pBwB A kj Bz

Ai nBM pA B\A nj /jpAjoQ BTeA BSA pA o qBU SA

M 13 {

zU An A uPw /SwA k{ B yl nj ("Tv jBC BdTA AoM" X) o k n~U

nBM , A o /kvM Oa Sw Tw nj An BC kzkM BTeA BSA oBw M

nBM pA UAw a AU /k{ bo nBM A M kAU q BTeA BSA oBw /SwA

?kTo o nj An KA] BU BC ?k{BL j] SA BU B{ nBA SwA BC" :woPM

T{Aj j] oj BSA SwA BC ?kjo B BUji Bkj pA , A M BC

/kTv Bv oMAoM ok BM BSA nBA "?kjo ]U

BC M k{BM

iAk B U AnA d jBzQ

,knAj SA Bqa ioM k o B{ A j M Ho /kTv M L{ Hj BSA nBA"

B A M o BA
,Tv Anp o AU /Sv BC jM Swnj B M Hq
/"nAmM Mo\U d M BSA MB nj An BnBA nL\ /zM Anp Sv

BX
?kk{ SeAnB ,jAk An BTw JA] B{  Swj T

:oBnj

/kk An w JA] T{Ak U A

/k{ SeAnB TLA

?jAk An B{ w JA] BTTwj Aoa ,B{ o M

:oBnj

/SwA no Aiji jC uM pA

?SwA Aiji jC kAj B\ pA

:nBM

:oBnj

/jAk An w JA] a

An B{ w JA] BTTwj jnAj j] oj j a ,jM no pA o k o

:nBM

:nBM

:oBnj

?SwA jAk

/jM Tvi kB{ /k{BM kz kB{ /Aj

1. self - fulfilling prophecy

:nBM

http://pdf-book.net

33 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

(nBTn kBQ)

jp p ,Jnj jo

(wBveA kBQ)

JoA

(o B nBM)

(pBwB A)

/SwA k{ Bi jnA jpj An o\Q jni M Ak

/Ba -T{AjoM ,uQ M

/{

,o\Q -TvM AoM xU

omQodU kA jp M An o\Q jBM /{ An o\Q jni M Ak

/JAhTin M nBMj SzpBM

/A -To dU

/SwA
TeAnB

-A k{ ShMkM nka j{ jn BUnB pA B{ Swj

An w JA] ,B

/kj An B{ w JA]

/kj
/BTTwj jo Ak

pvj

/SwA Tvi

j{ jn BUnB pA B{ Swj
/kj An B{ w JA]

/ov BM jq oe

nhj ,SBL~

/jnAk - M A Be nj Tvz L n ov
/SwA kAi JBT

/ov AoM jnC Ba

/BTwnBM uArnA M -Tn

Bd{i
wC ,JAoA

/-Tn An TvC

JBT kAi M nka Be nj Tvz L n ov

/jnAj

/SwA kAi JBT

/ Tw A

/kp kUkU L

/Tn An kU i

/kp kUkU L

Tvi
BwBveA kAU nBA -A j{ o\ UBT nBA M Bv A /A-B-C U /12 {
/koLM Q BUo TwnjB B Twnj M BSA wnoM BM kAU /knBM j]M An Th BnBTn

BTeA BSA oBw

/SwA jo knBM M o{ L SBw pA a ,j{ AnBM SwA - Sow SwA - jnBM AnBM
/ a An v -A oM oM AU

/wo Bi M

BU pA ioM Ajo So{ KUo An Bw ,AkAi An BdTA KB -

/Akz jBC BdTA AoM

/AjAj B\A q An w
Swj BU ka /kTA BUA a kC nj Aj a ,To o nj An SA BU
/SwA k{pnA Aoj AoM nAj Mi Bs ,-A oM /nAj
BTeA BSA MB nj nBA MBU /13 {

/kB Ai BU z

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 34

An B{ Ak kB{ kT nB /jL BUA A nj SA BU jM no /Twnj

:oBnj

SA BU An BnBA SwA oTM /jAk An B{ w JA] jM Tvi BTTwj kB{ /k{BM kz

/ ]U
q BTeA BSA oBw M o o nj

/kTv SA pnA Bv ,nBM gwAn BLU nBM jo jAj Bz oBnj ,BX A nj

SA ,nBA A M BlA /jpAjoPM nBM A j kA{ wnoM M SwAi nBM pA uPw oBnj

/SwA B nBMnj "oC ovU" AoM nBM M o{ ,knAk

Bi U
nj) 12 o o pA An BwBveA B BnBM kCyQ B pBwB B kAhM nBM pA kAU oBnj

BSA oMAoM nj nBA) 13 o pA kAU nBM ,A oM /k MB jn

(SwA kC ~ A BTA

jBC BdTA AoM" o A ,BX A M /k jBTwA BTeA BSA BU wnoM AoM (BTeA

"T{Aj ne ,Bt KA nj" ,"{BM " :jooMnj An BTeA BSA oBw ,"Tv

/"jAj B\A An t BU"

BTeA Rz
, nBA kkT q ioM ,A oM /kTv SA MB B

B{nBA kkT jAoA ioM

a /SwA BC nBA BA AnBM l nj An S{AjoM A Ai B /knAj SA

q RBA B kTA j U B{ nBA RBA B " :j{ BM { A M kAU qBU

nBA T{Am d M AoM kB A pA Sv oTM /kTv SA BU j JBUpBM B{ nBA

"?k jBTwA BSA oMAoM nj BU

A /SwBC Rz M ]UM
jBTA B M BSA wnoM kkT AnBM pA ioM

tBveA nBM o A /(2001

b, ) AjAj cU "Bnj SiB{ nj SB oM L " JBT nj An v

BSA TvBM /pAjoPM oTzM xB M v A nBMnj AU ,Ajo nj An A k

,BSA wnoM SwA A T / wnoM oTzM An "BMji" B "Bjo" X nBM kp

/Sv nBM jo BLT{A B M Hq

k BU oBw M nB{A
,nBA Sd
k jn
kkFU kA{ :pA kUnBL jo jBTwA BC pA AU BU oBw

A M /|Bi nBM nj Bw \Tv] TiB{ BodU kM ,BwBveA pA nBA qBU

pA AU ,k oU ("Tv Ajni Sv{ jC " X) o M xjBTA Aq nBM ,BX

http://pdf-book.net

35 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

/k oU Ao{ M TvM xo M A jBTA Aoa Aw A

o
/(BTeA BSA MB nj nBA) 13 o BM (

o M jBTA Aq B\

A-B-C U :nBji o) 12 o

1kM]nj :U
U

nBMnj SwA A T /{BM T{Aj YjBe nBMnj UBT BnBM BB\ SwA B

/nAj

jBTA

,YjBe A nBMnj Bo M nka ` nAj kM

tBveA

nka ,YjBe

jke BU , TeAnB tBveA AU /knAj UBT Rk{

,BB\ SwA cAoQ

,TeAnB nBaj jAoA pA nBvM B]C pA /{BM SeAnB Gkk{ B ,{BM SeAnB i ,{BM SeAnB
kj Zoi M An p S
j ,BzBB\ B nBA opBM nj KA ,k{ zi B JAoA

k ,BB\ Rk{
qBU U a xpC AoMBM ,k U ok pA An BC kAU

AnBM AoMBM ,SwA \nkU kCo KA ,Bnj nj oU a ,A oM /jM kAi oYoX

Aq nBM ,BX A M /k kBz S
j M An BzBB\ B BwBveA nj oU Aq kATM kBM

nj kMB Swj \T A M BMA SwA ,SwA jo oU "jke BU" M "Gkk{" pA xATeAnB

/SwA T{Aj Mi SozQ ,Bnj ow

iAk B U AnA d jBzQ

k BU o pA An ji (B\) tBveA ?knAj jBTA BUnBM M nka k T{C tBveA nka"

Mo\U B\ oUkk{ k knAk wBveA _ A B M o /k kM]nj

ji nBM M jBTA _ A o /k kM]nj An BUnBM ,KUoU M /k

ioM Aoa ?SwA nka BUnBA RBwBveA Rk{

/knAj jBTA BUnBM M B A k knAk

tBveA T ?kTv nB a B\A Be nj ,knAj Mi tBveA T ?knAj oTM tBveA RBA

Mi tBveA T ?k o RBT A M ,knAj Mi tBveA T ?na ,knAk Mi

"?na ,knAk

BX
oTzM An TeAnB A kAU /kk{ SeAnB ,jni M TwA BM B{ MAn T kT

1. rating

:oBnj

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 36

?kkM cU

Ao ,S{Am BU Ao enM BM n a A o T /k{ SeAnB i ,A

:nBM

/jo

o MAn A BBQ M T M HA Ai j M /kA B{ BwBveA

:oBnj

kM]nj k BU o pA An ji TeAnB Aq kAhM o A /SwA nka B{ TeAnB Rk{

,k

n ,n~U MB TeAnB oTzM ,k kTv SeAnB A

o Rn A M ,k

?jnAj BB] a B{ TeAnB tB A

/95 M AU /jo o v A M A

Be M BU

:nBM

ShL{i ,TwA kM AU " X) k{BM T{Aj hwAn nBM SwA nBM ,`

a /k{BM k pA oT ,("nBM Rk{

B nBLTA") nBM A M nBM jBTA Aq jnAj BTeA BA

("{BM

1pBwT{C BnBM pA nBM To B kCo pBC oM SwA kFU ,AkkQ

jBTA Aq nBM T /

/jnAj { ji nBM Twnj M SwB A M ,k kM]nj ,k pA oT An xnBM M ji

kAU nBM ,\T nj /j{ oT q xA Rk{

pA kAU xnBM M nBM jBTA Aq `

/k n~U oUSeAn An nBM A oU

A kAU k{ SeAnB i ,S{Am BU An B{ TwA k o T kT B{

:oBnj

M S{Am BU Ao TwA o T" ?k B ,kC BTl M o A BM An ]

/" /// o a ,{ SeAnB Rk{

/{ ShL{i A kM AU

B\A An o A k{ a /"{ ShL{i A kM AU" :SwA kCji o A

A M nka A / k S{AjjB An v] RB BU kj jAk mB ,nBM M oBnj

:nBM

:oBnj

] /kT{

B o A o ,k kM]nj k BU o pA An o A k{BM nAo o A ?knAj jBTA o

a o A M /knAj gwAn jBTA o A Twnj Sd M k SwA oiq M

?kj Ao

/ 90 Gjke /nAj jBTA o A M HA a /jBp i p tke

:nBM

BnBM BB\ kM]nj jBzQ /k AkQ z i ,tB A pA jBTwA B M jAoA ioM

/k jBTwA nAkj Bw pA k{BM T{Aj pB SwA oBnj /k\ jAoA a o nj TeAn M

kM]nj AoM tB A pA jM Shw BTAoM BA

,kjo TeAnB tBveA kT B{

1. distressing beliefs

:oBnj

http://pdf-book.net

37 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

14 { nj k{ jAj Bz tB oBnj) /wBzM oTM An tB A k{BM A o A /k jBTwA

M k knAk TeAnB ` A o ,tB A nj /(kj cU nBM AoM An

A M ,k{ T{C Rk{

M B{ A k /SwA TeAnB oTzM B

90 SwA B ke
nj B{ TeAnB SwA A oBz 50 /k o oj qa _ M kAU

nj BM /kj B\A An ji opn BnB kAU jkeBU BA

,kTv SeAnB i kj Bz
ji AoM TeAnB Aq a tB A nj ,k o TwA Tn M T ,oU A To o

?jo o nj

/CoM kp BnB uQ pA AU jke BU BA

M / 95 Gjke

,TeAnB Rk{

:nBM

Bi U
AnBM pA /k S{AjjB kM T BU An B{nBA M jBTA Aq kAhM AnBM pA kAU oBnj

TwAi BC pA /k jBTwA BnBM BB\ kM]nj AoM (14) nBji o pA j{ TwAi

An BB\ BnBM M jBTA Aq k S{AjjB An ji BwBveA nBA kCyQ

B j{

BwBveA nBA omQoU j nBMnj AnBM BM AU ,oU A B\A pA uQ /k kM]nj

/SiAjoQ o jBLU WdM M

BTeA Rz
nj nBM T{ AoM qAM pA kUnBL ,kC yQ oU A B\A nj Uz

An nB A L " :k ni nBM l M o A SwA /j{ B l nj nBM ka ,T

cU tBveA nBM Aq nj omQoU j wnoM ,oU a k ,Be A BM /"jAj B\A

BTeA "pBwT{C Bpn" BU k oBnj nBM M nB A ` /SwA oU A a

RBA A /j{ JAoA B jovA nBaj oTzM ,nBM BBp ,kwBzM An nBM

oCz Bpn" nj An Bnj BU k zU An nBM BU k oBnj M kAU

/joM nB M "kp

TeAnB k

10

20

30

40

50

wT

60

70

jBp

100 BU 0 tB nj BB\ kM ]nj /14 {

80

90

100

kk{iTeAnB

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 38

k BU oBw M nB{A
U ,SA pA o qBU ,knC j]M An RBwBveA a nBA pA kUnBL k BU oBw

/|Bi nBM nj Bw \Tv] TiB{ BodU kM ,

#BQ M n BQ

Bo
(nBA BB\ kM]nj :nBji o) 14 o

|Bi nBM nj Bw \Tv] :U

U
nBLTA B Rk{
q Ao{ nj Te
AkM SwA p KA ,nBM pA To B n M

M TL jAoA /kTv k BnBM omQBA M AoBnj SiB{ /k oU BBnBM

pA /koU MBo BzBnBM k o SwA ,kk{ JAoA jovA

BM jq nBvM BLUnA U A /SwA nBM omQBw pA oBnj Tv MB{pnA ,k BeAn

|Bi nBM M U A nj /k{ jAj cU L Sv nj jnAj nBM B\ kM]nj U

/pAjoQ Th BB Bp nj C omQBw

iAk B U AnA d jBzQ

,j{ oT o A M BUnBM T ?j{ oT o A M B{ jBTA kC yQ BdM BU BC"

RBA B na uQ ,SwA Swnj HA BUnBM k o o A ?kTv nB a B\A Be nj

"?j{ oT nBM A M BUjBTA

BX
nBM A M ,k BU o tB nj k{ ShL{i kAU B kM kkT B{

:oBnj

/kj 90 o

/ ThL{i tBveA j M /nAj gwAn jBTA nBM A M HA /Twnj

?kwn o M oU RBA B /k oU B{ i SBe ,pn nj o

:oBnj

/ o B M A RBA B Te
B o z /M

A M o BQ M n BQ U M C SBL{j M /SwA jo jBTwA

bA ,wnB T owBUow nj jAj c]oU /SwA jo nB{A

vertical desent

downward arrow

:nBM

:nBM

U pA JBT A nj #

M JBT A T 54 | nj kv

"Bnj SiB{ nj SB oM L" JBT nj ,A oM , ]oU "BQ M n BQ U" M An

vertical desent

(/) /SwA jo o ok jB An U j A q (120 |)

http://pdf-book.net

39 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

?k o qa a M ,k o B M T

:oBnj

o A M B /ohM q AoM kk] YBYA JBLwA SwA / o BUnBQC oU M

:nBM

/{BM T{Aj doU BoM BTwj BM na

tBveA d C nj /k{BM o B{ nBM Rk{

SwA ,k o B M T /Hj

:oBnj

/Sv B{ BM B k o Te
,k ThMkM

/ o n]A v M AU /k Swnj B{ o /M

/k{BL 90 B{ TeAnB Aq BA
,k o B M pn nj kC yQ BC

:oBnj

/k{BM oTM AoM A kM kp SwA , o RBA B /M

?kj MA] a ,knAj jBTA nka ji A nBM M woPM B{ pA d o A

:nBM

:oBnj

/jo oU B BM MAn jni M nBMnj {o p tke

hwAn ,kk{ BnBM KA BC l nj ,jni M BBvA jo M MAn T

:nBM

:oBnj

/kwoM 10 M SwA Te
,kC BQ i nBM A M jBTA Aq RBA ioM /Twnj

?kj B\A An nB A kTvAU n a /k oU SvAU ,SBw ka pA oT nj nBM A

:nBM

:nBM

:oBnj

?SwA T{Aj AMo\U a v ,BTBTwj M nj BC /j{ B

/So L Bw [Q ,uC ,Twj ,M

BM nBM A nj BTTwj nBM /knAj poA B{ S{Aj An nBM Hj AkTMA nj A kB{

:nBM

:oBnj

?SwA jo oU ,Bp S{m

o v A M Te
uC A BA /S{Aj An nBM AkTMA nj A /kBo Swnj B{

:nBM

/SwA jo kp Bi nj xAL ov BM BBw k

/k oU Bp S{m BM Aoj B{ BnBM a knBPvM oBi M An

T A

:oBnj

Bi U
An "|Bi o M nBM kM]nj" Bi U kAU (~ BTA nj) 15 o pA jBTwA BM nBM

j{ K] nBM M nBM qoU ]U

,oU A B\A BLj M BTeA /kj B\A pn ka nj

M nBM j{ WBM nBM Bw A /k oU ,oj nBA B B B BM Bq ,pn nj

v] e nj SwA nBM gwAn nBM ,A oM /k oU kAU nBM A kwoM \T A

nBM pA KUo n M kAU nBTn qnbo BnBM BM yBa kCo nj oBnj /k AkQ Bw Bnj

Aq ,v] AkTMA nj AnBM pA nBvM /k B RBT BpAkAza pA gwAn nBM M kAhM

/k kM]nj 40 v] BTA nj 90 An B{nBM M jBTA

Rk{
yB BM Bq TeAnB Aq" BX A M) j{ o\ B\ nj oU M nBM nj oU

/k oU kAU pBwowjnj BnBM k nAkA An nBM ,v A ("j{ nBM

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 40

i q B{ TeAnB ,C BLj M kwn 40 M 90 pA j 30 nj BUnBM M B{ jBTA

:oBnj

?kM An nB A kTvAU na /k{

/j oU ,Bnj xn A BM An UBwBveA nBA AU p tke

BUA a k o ,kj oU An ji RBwBveA nBA ,j 30 o nj kATM B{ o A

:nBM

:oBnj

?k jBTwA KUo n M ji kp nj U A pA kATM o A kTA

/ AkQ oTM tBveA o

?kA /kj A\T a LM , BdTA SwA oTM uQ

:nBM

:oBnj

BTeA Rz
AkQ oTM tBveA T SwA AnBM ,k{ T ~ A L BU nBMnj nB

An v A AnBM AoM oBnj SwA oTM /k{BM T{Ak B qA , nBM T{ AoM ,k

M /knC SwkM {pnABM jBA RBA ,k AkQ oTM tBveA T Te

jpBw {n

j{ ]T
,BU A B\A BM ,"Tv kpBM a ,AoM " k{BM kT nBM o A ,BX A

k{pnA RBA ,kwn knj o M yBTwj BM jo SLd e nj nBM A M jBTA

onj An ji kAU uQ ,k oU B{ nBM o A" :j{ kM iAk M o\ jnC SwkM

SwA uQ ,k oU BUnBM o A ,A oM /knAj Ao M TLX BnBM k BSB

a M ,knAj oTM tBveA T k Sj /k{BL Swnj B{ A nBM k o BnkC

"?k ]U
UBA

k BU oBw BM nB{A

1
wnoM , k{ kM]nj BU pA kUnBL yhMoY BU oBw ,k{ T BM nj nB
/tBveA pA o qBU ,SA pA o qBU ,nBM Sd k jn
kkFU kA{

o
(o M jBTA kM]nj) 15 o

TiB{ BodU

2kM :U
U

o \T" X) k{ njBLT l M Bw Lw M Ak n M k{ odU nBA

1. graded task

2. categorizing

http://pdf-book.net

41 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

nB{ M Jo jovA jAoA AkT o BA ("jp KvaoM" B "pBw~h{" ,

1"jqMBT{

B BodU BM KA ,kB{iB BB\ j{ bo T A ,TiB{ k

nj /kn
nBTn B B BM (

#kC l M jhMji nBA) kCji nBA /kAo oU Bow

,"k{ Ah ShL{i S_ " X ,kwn o M ]

A B nj kAjni o kCnB B

jC k o Apw" "SwA BLT{A pA oQ j] " ,"jnAk Swj Ao u _" ,"AAj"

/k{BM Swnj jke BU B SwnjB ,Swnj kAU kCji nBA /"Tv AoM kv

]U kCji o A M BX A M /joMoMnj An TiB{ odU ka SwA o

An TiB{ Bi j ,o A /"Tv Akv jC k o Apw ,oM B M o A" :k

pA nBvM (1989) qoM (1979 ,AnB M ;1976 ,M) M /Ail yQ :jooMnj

TiB{ BodU (~ BTAnj) 16 o nj /kAjo BwB{ An kCji TiB{ BodU A

/knAj zi JAoA ,jovA BM jq BLUnA kAk{ o l AkT

iAk B U AnA d jBzQ

pA BC /k B TiB{ BodU Swo M ?j{ TiB{ odU nBaj Ak B{ oU BC"

"?k jBTwA oTzM ,BodU A pA Ak pA ?k jBTwA oTzM Bi BodU

BX
o qa a M ,kTv SeAnB T" :k B An nBM kCji nBA ,Aw A BM kAU oBnj

a Mo " X ,k U An C kAhM A pA kM nBM AoM An BUB ] B ?"k

:kj cU oBnj AjA nj /k kM An kCji nBA kAU uPw oBnj "/// o

Oa Sw Tw nj An TiB{ BodU SwAn Sw Tw nj An ji pBwT{C B nBA"

/k B 15 { M BX A M /"kvM

Bi U
Bi U ,nBM AoM ,kAkC ~ A BTA nj 17 16 Bo pA jBTwA BM kAU oBnj

,kCji nBA SLY pA uQ nB] T nj kAhM A pA k eAo An " kCji nBA opBM"

1. Jumping to conclusion
SwA kT M /jnAj o kCji nBA pA M oUBM ,SwA jAj AnA kCji nBA pA oU kwn o M #
M /(/) /kqi oM kTwA pA kTv z A ,nBA a SwA A B M nBA jM kCji s
:pA

Beck, A, T; Rush, A. T., Shaw, B. F., & Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive Therapy of Depression. (P. 166). New
York: Guilford Press

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 42

]T
AnBM SwA A oU a kB /k kM ,TiB{ BodU L An BC

nBA A pA ka M /k nAoU ji l nj An Bv kCji nBA a k{

nB _ ,"k{ Ah ShL{i S_ " :k S
j ,kTv yQ TiB{odU pA Be

nBM l nj HAj kCji nBA pA Bi o A /"jM Ai BU z" ,"kCnj JC pA Swnj

A BM TwQ kATM nBM k eAo |Bi BzBa kAU nBM oBnj ,j{ nAoU

Ak nBM M AU ,BX A M /kzM op M Sw nA pA An nBA jo pnBL |Bi

jC ,k o A" ,"knAk Swj Ao BC" ,"AkpBM k o A" X) k Ail

A /k jBTwA nAoU nBA A BM yBa AoM nBAn ka KoU pA jAj xpC (" Tv ThMkM

Aoa" ,"p o \T M Swj jp i" ,"nAk o A AoM kA{ _" :pA kUnBL BzBa

M pB" ,"Tv Mi jC M X " ,"?kwB{ Ao T ,kBM B{kM pA kBM Aoj

o Aoj ,uoM SwA " B "nAmM SLX oYFU jo o n nAk pB" ,"nAk BC kFU

/"nAj Swj An BC BC k

BTeA Rz
A SdU B{nBA kM kkT AnBM pA M ,jo BzoBi L nB

SwA A k{pnA
nBvM T /SwBC jM eA B Aj B M HdU ,TiB{ BodU
,"jnAk Swj Ao kj" o A ,BX A M /kAcd nBA pA ioM BlA

HA kB{ /k{BM cd Swnj kAU Be nj ,j{ kM Ail A SdU ,SwA

o pA B BzoBi AnBM M n M /k{BM T{Ak Swj An xov ,kj

pA M n , nBA pA nBvM BA
, jBTwA nBA kM j M "TiB{ BodU"
tBveA M An Ail X) AkQ An nBA oM Be A ATM T /knAj Se

odU

kCji o

1SwnjB KvaoM

/Tv AjniSv{ jC -

Ai-l

/Tv MAm] jC - k o Apw

2_ B oU

3SLX BL] -To kjB

/j B\A Swnj An nB_ -

/Sv Aka nB ,kj B\A An nB -A kAU vo

kCji nBA BodU pA BX ka 15 {

1. mislabling

2. all-or-nothing thinking

3. discounting postives

http://pdf-book.net

43 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

/ eAo kU ,oU A A AoM As RiAk AU S C (j Mn

Sd BU pC An nBA A SwA oTM /j{ To nBA B BMA jB kBL nBA kM

/\vM BC w

k BU oBw M nB{A

1
MpBM U nj nBM /k{ jAj cU L Sv nj nBA MpBM pA kUnBL k BU oBw
/k SLY MB jn
An nBM M jBTA nj j] BBw BSA ,nBA ,RBwBveA ,nBA

/k KwB Aw B iAk qnbo nj An oBnj kAU TiB{ BodU Swo ,A oM

Bo BwB{ ,BQMn BQ o BU pA k oBnj M Swo A

kkFU kA{ wnoM ,

3KB BAq wnoM ,2Bi BwoU Ao ,BMop BnAbo

/k jBTwA nBM Sd k jn

Bo
/(TiB{ BodU kM) 17 o ,(TiB{ BodU Swo) 16 o

BQ M n BQ :U
U
B k{ kAi jo B nj jo MyQ nBM /kCnj JC pA Swnj , nBA pA M

/k AkQ Sd jnAj BTeA B A

,SwA yQ ,o A /jo nAo M BTAM jn
nj oBnj /k Bw nBLTA ]nj pA An o BU k A M ,toU BMop BnBM \Tv]

xkM ,k{BM Swnj o A o A" :k Aw nBM pA A B o nBMnj Ak ,BQ M n BQ U

U A M kCo A pA B "?jnAj B{ AoM B a ,kkM fn A A o A B" ?kTA BUA a

Rz A Tv nBM B /SwA qo nBM BwB{ Bk jB BQMn BQ

[BT kv d BM nj An nBM o oBnj ,U A L /j{ Jvd nBM

/(k B 16 { M) k BLj QnjQ BAw BM An o

iAk B U AnA d jBzQ

xkM ?jnAj B{ AoM B a o A ?k SeAnB An B{ Aoa ,k{BM Swnj B{ o o"

?"kTA BUA a

1. monitoring

2. feared fantasy worry

3. costs and benefits

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 44

BX
BwoU A pA SwA AnBM BMop BtoU M MBTwj AoM k nBAn ,BQMn BQ U

BMop BnBM AU HA Ak{ ]T

a , jBTwA jBp U A pA /kTv B C

A A T BA
,woU jo pA B KA ,BX A M /qM tke An BC BTeA BwoU AnBM
j o koM o nj An nBM j ?j{ B pA o nj jo pA toU WBM qa a HA SwA

/kwoU jo pA BC

S nj SwA jAj BA B{ M oTj A BM ,k{ TL Bow M kwoU kT

:oBnj

AoM B a BUA A ,kAk{ TL Bow M B{ o /jnAk j] z ,B{ Bv]

?jnAj B{

/oM woU

?kwoU Aoa B{ BA
,woU jo pA B HLoU

:nBM

:oBnj

/// a woU jo pA :k B An ] A H

kp LM k{ nAkM BA pA xkM /B {M B BA U oM /o HA woU

:nBM

/k{ n M

M ,nBM A Rz pA nBvM /SwA jB B eA kwoU k{ n M kp pA nBM A

un BM BLUnA BSjkd ,Am BSjkd B AX) nBTn nAjpBM S

M vM ,joMSA B mB oM n oM An nBM A o SwA oTM /jM (B BSjkd

,kwoU k{ n Mkp pA nBM o jo BLj kn / Soe A A toU Sw M [nkU

/SwA k{ jAj Bz 17 { nj

#
1"wAw KAo" An C oj nBM
jo , wAw KAo /kwoU jo pA q ,B
ov Bn Sw BM BLUnA nj A toU /jpBw jnCoM An BAoA BpB BU k xU Shw SwA

/kwoU q xji jo pA ,AoM /jM xoTij

?SwA nCJAm B{ AoM jo Aoa

:oBnj

yBpC nBM [Q L /Tv Ao Bv] jnj nBMnj HA /Sv Av AoM v] jnj

:nBM

/ SLAo v pA AT oM o A Ao /AjAj

1. compulsive caretaker
]Ao JBT A M kAU wAw KAo M TL jAoA AMB BLw BnAbo nBMnj oTzM RBA AoM #
:k
Aop nQke ve ]oU /(292 BU 287 |)

BnjnAbo /(1386) /n]nB ,nBz SAr ,w ,o] ,B

k]nA :AoU /pkA

http://pdf-book.net

45 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

/kC y{i pA ,qM oe Ar BM o A

/Tv ABkM jC HTe uQ ,kC y{i pA o A

/jnAk Swj Ao u_

/kB Ai BU z AoM

/{ ShL{i AU ,BM BU kp nj o A

[BT

o A

/koM B M knAj k~ :A

/"{ JAoA nBaj a , nAooM BLUnA Bp BM AU" :o

/k jo Ao BC

?kTA BUA a ,kBMnj JC pA Swnj MyQ A o A

/Tv AkpBM jC -

?jnAj B{ AoM B a k{ jo

/ nAooM BLUnA v BM AU S_

?jnAj B{ AoM B a jM kpBM

/B BU z

?j{ a xkM ,k nAooM BLUnA v BM kAT o A

AoM k ThL{i tBveA kAU BU jC

/// a k{ SeAnB xkM ,kBM BU z o A

/k{ Ai ShMkM z
BM BLUnA M , ThL{i tBveA -A AoM

?Sva B{ BMop Bo

/nAj pB Aoj
o [BT M MBSwj AoM -BQ M n BQ U pA jBTwA /16 {

?k SLAo v a pA kBM B{

:oBnj

An M n BC kp AkM A o{ M ,Sv Bjnj jBp AoM jo /oTij ov

:nBM

/knAk Bi z SwAn

pA kAU BUoTij ov k{BM o A ,komPM An o kAU kT B{

:oBnj

?k SLAo B{ji

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 46

/woU jo pA

/B {M B BA U oM o HA woU

/zM n Mkp woU

o [BT M MBSwj AoM -BQMn BQ U pA jBTwA /17 {

/Twnj ,M

?k kp kAU B{ kM BC SwA A B{ o BC

:nBM

:oBnj

/ o n A ,M

:nBM

:X kwoPM A B o M ]An q oj RAw kAU oBnj

?k jB\A z B{ AoM YjBe A Aoa

?kTA BUA a

?j{ B{ TeAnB WBM YjBe A Aoa

?j{ a xkM

?jnAj B{ AoM B a YjBe A

Bi U
[BT ,(~ BTA nj 18) BQMn BQ U o pA jBTwA BM kAhM nBM pA kAU oBnj

SwkM An nBA [BT gow j{ TwAi AnBM pA o A nj /kwBzM An ji nBA

B{ LM k /knAj Mn ok M B{ nBA" :kM nBM M kAU oBnj /knBM

SwA jAoA pA M ,BX A M /jnAj B a B{ AoM o o k o n]a

,"jni Ai Sv{ BdTA nj" ,"nAk jBC BdTA AoM" :kzM nBA A AU nBaj

Swj nBA A pA ioM M BUl nj nBA AU jo BLj BM nAj k~ /" ~dU oU nL\"

TeAnB WBM ,kBMnj JC pA Swnj A A o A" k Aw BUji pA Aj kAU B{ / AkQ

"//// SwA A AoM xA a ,j{

http://pdf-book.net

47 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

BTeA Rz
M kwn d M SwA nBM /k An B{ nBA BwB{ kn ,AnBM pA M

nBM /kk AjA An BQMn BQ U kn k An nB ,("{ jn

BdTA nj") o A

nAk jBTA o A M HA " B "SwA kB{iB B nkM BdTA nj k{ jn"

:kM SwA

oUkM KUAo M B oU nBA BLj M AhM nBM pA A a nj SwA oTM /"{ jn

BdTA nj

nBMnj AnBM nBA k{ ]T

BM JnB\U nj KA /kC A nBA B AjA nj joM

A /knAj BLUnA nBM]B BkBQ B BwoU BpAjoPBi BM BTeA jo B Sv{ o

/k{ A nBA nBMnj JAoA WBM "BTeA BwoU"

k BU oBw M nB{A
j] M An RBwBveA a nBA pA kUnBL BQMn BQ U M Mo BU oBw

dU ,nBA Sd KB BAq wnoM ,nBA Sd k jn

kkFU kA{ wnoM ,knC

/o BM yBa

1AT BBTeA LwBd ,BnBM nBA

o
/(BQ M n BQ U pA jBTwA) 18 o

AT BBTeA LwBd :U
U
BTeA ,SwA Swnj L YjBe o A BM kAU BQ M n BQ U pA jBTwA BM nBM

M ,k BQ M n BQ U nj nBA [BT M BU B /kqM hU An VjAe AT

nBTA kTv qa C pA oUAo l BhU A /pAjoQ q RBTeA l hU M

/kBMnj JC pA Swnj , S] nj BQ yAj L nAj

iAk B U AnA d jBzQ

"?jnAj BTeA nka knj 100 BU 0 pA ?kTM BUA YjBe jnAj BTeA nka"

BX
:k o{ A An RBTeA kA kAU oBnj

1. calculating sequential probabilites

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 48

M /k{BM knj 100 BU 0 M kAU RBTeA /k BTeA An VjAe hU

:oBnj

BTeA nka SwA A Aw /SwA knj 50 ,w JBUoQ nj o{ kC BTeA ,BX A

BdTA AoM" : o{ B{ A o BM ,k{BM A o A ?kBMnj JC pA Swnj B{ nBA kj

?k{BM Swnj o A kj BTeA nka /"nAk jBC

/knj 90 jke

nj k{ jn
kj BTeA nka /kni Sv{ BdTA nj jM A B{ kM o

:nBM

:oBnj

?k{BM B{ T{Ak jBC j M BdTA

/kM JA] RAw pA ioM M AU o /knj 30

?k{ ZAoiA wnk pA jnAj BTeA nka ,knhM Sv{ BdTA nj B{ o A

:oBnj

/ATo Mi o Bwnj A pA nBvM nj L /knj 20 kB{

?k AkQ LwB { nB kAT kj BTeA nka ,k{ ZAoiA wnk pA o A

:nBM

:oBnj

/knj 1 pA oT

,90 kT LUoU M B{ nBA BTeA / ] JBve{B BM An RBTeA A BU A

:nBM

:nBM

:oBnj

%000054 j{ BC ] SwA knj 1 20 ,30

/k{BM i yBTeA kwn o M

/ 20000 M 1 jke B 100000 nj 5 jke qa

:nBM

:oBnj

BTeA Rz
Bn nB An U Ao]A kCo SwA nBM ,k{ nB{A BQMn BQ U nj nB

nk M xA A nBA ,k BjA nBM SwA B /jnAk jBTA kM o M HA kM k

nBA M o A Te
k k BU oBnj pBM /Sv LwBd AjA M pB kTv kB{iB

SwA nB A a ,kwBzM An BC SwA oTM Be A BM ,kwoM o M nBLTAM B Tdo

/k nB{C An BC BMop BwoU

a B A
,SwA Tdo qa a oBM" :kM SwA nBM A kM z
C k SMBY kAU B{ ?kTA A AoM BUA A {BM o B o A j{

AoM S U" :kwoQ BAw a AU ,knAj S U AnBM pA /"SwA o

Aoa" ?"k{BM T{Ak S jnAj j] B{ kp nj qa BC" ?"jnAj LB a BAq a B{

?"k dU An

1. uncertainty

1UM kAU

http://pdf-book.net

49 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

k BU oBw M nB{A
/k{BM yhMoY k kAU ,kAk{ o l Ao BM yBa AoM nBa ~ nj BU BU

o
/(BQMn BQ pA jBTwA) 19 o

o jp tke :U
U
kCyQ
o jBw M kAU SwA jBp nk M AnBM BB\ Rk{
RBA B

BTeA Bo pA ioM k jBzQ AoBnj M (1995) M /kwBzM An ji B\ tBveA

kCo A nj oBnj /kkM }hzU An ji BTeA o ,BC M pA kATM nBM BU kqM tke An nBM
An C kAU oBnj BU jnAj "B CjiB nBM" k BA nBM M jnC M An S
j SB kBM

/kpAjoPM pB M ,BMop nBA BwB{ AoM kAU nBM oBnj /kwBzM

iAk B U AnA d jBzQ

a ,k{ SeAnB A pA L k S
j /knAj BTl nj nBA a kM Hj kAU B{"

" /jnAm B nj nBM BM An BTeA nBA pA ioM oBnj

] ?S{m BTl pA nBA

BX
M Bi A /jo kAB tBveA Rk{
M xov BM yBLUnA jni M pA kM Bi

Tvi i tBveA nhM Am AU" :jo ]U

i xji v] Rz

M i BA tBveA ,SwA jni M po]An BM AMAn a" :S xoBnj M A /"Tv

nBM l pA An nBA pA ioM jo xU oBnj /" o Swnj AU /SwA Thn

/kzM oM

A M ]An /SwA Thn M BA k tBveA ,jni M B{ MAn T pA kT

:oBnj

?kwn BTl M o a A

/MAhM AU /SwA kM Be i

M po]An BM MAn Bp pA :k B An ] A kAU /kTv B{ BwBveA BA

:nBM

:oBnj

/// o a SwA Thn M BA tBveA ,jni

/Tv odT jo X tBveA / o AU qa _ M

:nBM

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 50

?k pBM ,kwn BUl M kBnj tBveA pA L An o kAU

:oBnj

/SwA kM i Be /

,knAj nBA a Aj HA /qM tke An B{ BTeA nBA SwA oTM o

:nBM

:oBnj

nBA BM jBzQ nBA A pA Ak kM B{ / nB{A BTeA nBA pA ioM M

/knAj SMB B{

/Ji nBvM

S _ " :kM BUji M SwA ,k{ kBnj tBveA nBaj A pA L B{

:nBM

:oBnj

?k{ Ah ShL{i

/ o SwA qa B Swnj A /SwA o /Twnj

/" kp po]An BM A o ,jM Ah ShL{i " kM xkM SwA

:nBM

:oBnj

/ tBveA SwA qa B A /Hj

:nBM

Bi U
BTBe A BM LUo nBA kvM An kB{iB i BSBe kAhM nBM pA kAU oBnj

/"kqM tke" B kwBzM An i

BTeA Rz
j M nBM ,RBA B BA
/j{ B qBU ji tBveA o M nBM BU k xU kBM oBnj
,k{ TiB{ nBA T /joM B xnBA pA B nk M kAU ,B\ kk{ onj

/// a {BM ShL{i po]An kM AU":joLM nB M An BQMn BQ U kAU oBnj

ShL{i AU /{BM T{Aj Swj A X An oj u_ AU /// jM joMo~d po]An

,k ni yl M o _ k nAoA nBM ,RBA B /" ZAjpA A o ,{BM

k xU jkLM An ji Bza kAhM nBM pA kAU oBnj ,TBe a nj /jnAj tBveA

kkM xpC nBM M kAU oBnj /k v\U An ji tBveA BU Rk{

BM kAU B] BU

z SwA Tvz BU Bi nj" T BX A M k v\U An tBveA A pBwB S

nj ,k BAn nBA BwB{ Sw M An nBM kAU oBnj /"SwA po]An M jo o

HA k tBveA Be nj" :k Mo\U An kk{ B\ B tBveA nBM Bq Be

kAU BC k o v A M H ?kjo o a M k n~U kAU ,kTv SeAnB

"/k{BM ShL{i kp nj po]An kM

An BTeA nBA nBMnj ji Bwke BU Ajo U oBnj nBM AoM (~ BTA nj) o
o kkT AnBM pA nBvM a ,SwA Bi S
j kpB ,o jp tke kAo /kvM C nj

http://pdf-book.net

51 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

An v A TvBM oBnj /jo zaow BC B CjiB qCnAowA BqA nBA pA z

kC nj Bo kAU nBM ,A oM /kTv RBwBveA BMop nBA jnAmM B nj nBM BM

/joM An BC _ kqM tke An ji oCz nBA ,k{ kAB B TeAnB nBaj

k BU oBw M nB{A
M n BQ U pA kUnBL knAj jq BLUnA o jp tke U BM BU pA M

,kA B BMop Bo BwB{ ,TiB{ BodU wnoM k ,SA pA o qBU ,BQ

j o y BA o BM yBa ,

#2k ,1B\ AiAo ,l pBwo~U U

/o L]

o
/( o jp tke) 110 o

1. emotional evocation

2. point - counterpoint

:pA M (/ /) jo o B{ Ak B BM An U A nBM A

(Marvin Goldfrid)

ko k nB #

Linehan, M. M. (1993). Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder. (P. 212).

New York: Guilford Press.
zU A AU S nBMnj WdM AoM Av] ,kBwoM Bvk LUo M An v kTwAi T UB Bv nj
J k SLd Bh A M kTwAi k]
nj SwjoMp jAoA pA ,kB BM AL{ _ A AoM kjAj

M /k hw B{ KB] pA Aop ,k "B{ Ak " v a M /j{ nCjB An ojn }h{

:pA
bo :AoU

(203|)SwBwnjjoi /(1377) ARq ,kj

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 52

/knC j]M An RBwBveA a nBA :nBji o /11 o

/// tBveA AoMBM :tBveA

/// o :o

http://pdf-book.net

53 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

A-B-C U :nBji o /12 o

BM /"k AoTeAM B{ M BTTwj " BX A M ,jnAj nB{A nBM B o pA L YjBe M pBwB A
,o a BLj M /"SwA eA oiq jC" :k ni BTl M o a ,YjBe A pA kM
/(nBTn

nBTn kBQ

=C

kBQ) k oU An v] (wBveA kBQ) k{ "BL~ "

wBveA kBQ

=C

(o) nBM

=B

pBwB A

=A

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 54

BTeA BSA MB nj nBA /13 o

oBw ,BTeA BSA pA n) BTeA BSA pA ioM /kvM SwAn Sw Tw nj An o

/kvM Oa Sw Tw nj q An (/k{BM jo ]U
BC M SwA SwA BL]

BTeA BSA oBw

http://pdf-book.net

55 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

nBA BB\ kM]nj :nBji o /14 o

oU ,(Th BBp nj B Th B BM Bq) pn nj SwA BU nBA M B{ jBTA Aq

B "B M k{ Rj" B "Tvz BU" X ,kvM An S B A ,kC BTAow M o T /k
nBA A M BUjBTA Aq kM /kvM j
Tw nj An S o BM LUo nBA uPw /"jo B"
/kvM w Tw nj An BC Rk{
ji BB\ ,BBQ nj /k kM]nj An

(knj 100 BU 0) C Rk{

B\

(knj 100 BU 0) C M jBTA Aq o

S B A

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 56

o M jBTA kM]nj /15 o

o nj An o A ,BX A M /k oU pn nj SwA |Bi o M B{ jBTA Aq

jBTA C M i ,kAkz pAnj JAhTin nj T cL SwA /"kCoM Twj pA nB _" :koM
kB{ ,kTv nB B\A Be nj T BA
/k{BM kT o A Sd M knj 95 SwA /k{BM T{Aj
A M B{ jBTA Aq nj BC kLM k opBM pn ka An ji o /kwoM knj 10 M BUjBTA
BC ?kTv nB a B\A Be nj ,knAk jBTA o A M i T ?k kBz Bw B oU ,o
?k oU Th Bpn nj BUo Rk{
BC ?SwB{ BM oj v

: o

o M B{ nBM B jBTA knj

SB

Bp

cL 6

cL 7

cL 8

cL 9

cL 10

cL 11

cL 12

o~ 1

o~ 2

o~ 3

o~ 4

o~ 5

o~ 6

K{ 7

K{ 8

K{ 9

K{ 10

K{ 11

K{ 12

jAkBM 1

http://pdf-book.net

57 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

TiB{ BodU Swo /16 o

JA]" :X /k o qaa M Aoj kAj B kA{ kM ,k o

: Ail 1

/"SwA SeAnB Swj pA BTe

uQ ,jAk An w

: yQ 2

An B{ jBp RAoi A B kCnj JC pA kM ,kC VjAe k MyQ

/"kC kAh o nB " B "ni Sv{ BdTA nj" :X /k kkU

o kB{iB ,bBTA Rk{

M jBTA kAi BUA B jBTA BUA a o kkT

: pBw]B 3

/"z L BzAj nj o A ,j{ bBTA" :X /SwA dU

MB

: jp KvaoM 4

B "Tv ThMkM jC " :X /kj SLv

RB ,Aoj B BUji M

/"Tv {pnAM jC "

qaB jBTA BQ yQ Aoj B BUji SLX BnB kTv k

: SLX BL] To kjB 5

/"Sv
nB n nj k{ L" B "kCoM k pA nB A" :X /kTv
_" :X /k ]U
SLX BL] M kM An BL] z HLoU

: oT 6

/"jnAk Swj Ao u

AoM z BUA A" :X /k BLTwA An

BA ,YjBe BQ oM

7 AoA U 7

/"ni Sv{ BnB nj" B "kj fn

jo Ao " :X /k B _ B kj BM AoA BBvA AoQ B M

: Lj oU 8

/"k{ U T " B "k

tBwAoM An BC oTzM ,k MBpnA kTv qa BQ oM An VjAe A B] M

: zkAkBM 9

/"zM L n nj kBM" B "kM B\A Ji An nB kBM" :X /k ovU ,k{BM kBM qa

poM nj An Aoj w kj SLv BUji M An VjAe poM S

10pBw~h{ 10

/"jM o~ a ,jni M ]AjpA" :X /ko kjB z

oU Sv o pA kAj ji RBwBveA Rz S
An Aoj

11oypow 11

BM WBM kA" B "k{ SBL~ WBM Aoj" :X /k xAo q An BUnBTn

/"kTv Rz

1. mind reading

2. furtune telling

3. catastrophizing

4. labling

5. discounting positives

6. negative filter

7. overgeneralizing

8. dichotomus thinking

9. should

10. personalizing

11. blaming

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 58

(AjA) TiB{ BodU Swo /16 o

vB Bv BM An BUji /k ovU jBB BnB L An VjAe

: jBB BvB 12

pA oU i A" :X /kTv oe jC kwn \T A M koUoM B{ pA k

/"jo pA oTM i BdTA nj t A jo B{" B "SwA

BTTwj pA k o nB M oBe Be nj A B] M

:(BxB A z )

2Ao wFU 13

xU o A" :X /kjo oTM T{m nj xB A kzkA v A M oTzM ,kCoM

/"jp An oe A xB A" B "jo AkQ oTM { ,jM jo

: o A j{ a 14

MA] _ BM kTM BUA a o A j{ a k Aw BUji pA Aj

v o A j{ a" B ?{ Jo o A j{ a BA
,Swnj B{ oe" :X /k{ An
?"j{ uLe w nj

n{ j a" :X /k jBTwA SA ovU AoM ji RBwBveA pA

: B\ kTwA 15

/"kj fn nA B BUA uQ ,kp

:X /k jn
An ji oU BM AhB BkTwA B kA{

#5BT kA{ nBAkjB 16

z BUo \T nj jo kjB An BT kA{ o /"jnAk Swj An Ao u _"

/j{ kFU

6
An BC KA ,k nj jomPM An AoQ VjAe Aoj ,BUji A B] M : AoRB 17
An Aoj B BUji Aj /ko (xpnAM xpnABM B kM Ji) kw Bw BMBpnA KB nj

pA oUBQ Aoj BUji k{ ]T

k MBpnA ,AhLj BnB ov L

uQ pA , pBM uU o A" B "jo Ji BzAj Anj nj" :X /k{BM kBM kTv ke C

/"Tv A ,SwA nka AnBw" B "CoM C

1. unfair comparisons

2. regret orientaion

4. emotional reasoning

5. ignoring counter evidences

a kwn o M B A
/SwA T{Am
SdU

(McMullin)

(inability to disconfirm)

3. what if?

kFU k AoM AUB An TiB{ odU A wA ""#

" " qa BM odU A SBL{ j M /k ] B{CB Ko B]Ao AoM odU

,SwA T " " oU MB oUjBw bA pA jAj c]oU ,jnC "BT kA{ nBAkjB" A
/( /) jBTwA

6. judgment focus

http://pdf-book.net

59 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

TiB{ BodU kM /17 o

,SLX BL] To kjB ,jp KvaoM ,pBw]B ,yQ ,Ail :pA kUnBL TiB{ BodU
wBU ,jBB vB ,jo ypow ,pBw~h{ ,zkAkBM ,Lj oU ,AoA U , oT
/AoRB BT kA{ nBAkjB ,B\ kTwA ,o A j{ a ,(BxB A z ) Ao

odU

kCji o

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 60

TeAnB WBM Aoa ,kBMnj JC pA Swnj o o) BQ M n BQ U pA jBTwA /18 o

(?j{

/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / :A

:o

////: o a TeAnB

http://pdf-book.net

61 . Bo nBA AiAo 1 ~

TeAnB WBM Aoa ,kBMnj JC pA Swnj o o) BQ M n BQ U pA jBTwA /19 o

AT BBTeA LwBd (?j{
/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / :A

:o

= BTeA
/// o a TeAnB

= BTeA

= BTeA

= BTeA

:k JBve An BTeA o knj

B BTeA = nBa BTeA * w
BTeA * A
BTeA
BTeA * j

http://pdf-book.net

Bnj SiB{ BU . 62

o jp tke /101 o

,zi ,JAoA ,TeAnB X Mo\U kp nj So o nj BwBveA B AU An BB\

,BB\ ,SwAn Sw Tw nj /k ni B{ l M BwBveA A pA L nBA /kAB B kBnj
(knj 100 BU 0 tB nj) o o M An BUjBTA ,Oa Sw Tw nj BTeA nBA ,w Tw nj
/kvM

(knj 100 BU 0) o M BUjBTA Aq

BTeA nBA

BB\