Derivatives of Trigonometric Functions The trigonometric functions are a final

category of functions that are very useful in many applications. Rather than
derive the derivatives for cos(x) and sin(x), we will take them axiomatically, and
use them to find the derivatives of other trigonometric functions. d dx sin(x) =
cos(x) and d dx cos(x) = sin(x) To remember which derivative contains the
negative sign, recall the graphs of the sine and cosine functions. At x = 0, sin(x)
is increasing, and cos(x) is positive, so it makes sense that the derivative is a
positive cos(x). On the other hand, just after x = 0, cos(x) is decreasing, and
sin(x) is positive, so the derivative must be a negative sin(x).
Odd and Even Trig functions We can extend our definitions of odd and even
functions to the familiar trig functions, sine and cosine. We can consider simple
plots of each function to determine their behaviour
Not only do the graphs of sin and cos reveal their symmetry, but we can also rely
on the Taylor series expansions of these functions to determine their symmetry
properties : (2) Sin x = x - x3 3! + x5 5! - x7 7! + ... Cos x = 1 - x2 2! + x4 4! - x6
6! + ... Clearly, sin is an odd function since its series expansion involves only odd
powers of x, and cos is an even function since its series expansion involves only
even powers of x.