018 WCDMA Coverage Problem Analysis PDF

Internal
Coverage Problem
Analysis
ISSUE 1.0
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
www.huawei.com
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Upon completion of this course, you will be

able to:
Learn how to analyze coverage
problem and solve it
Learn how to Improve coverage
capability
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
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Page 1
Chapter 1 Coverage problem types

Chapter 2 Coverage analysis steps
Chapter 3 Coverage improvement
Chapter 4 Typical cases analysis
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Page 2
Coverage problem types

Dead zone
Coverage hole
Coverage overshoot
Pilot pollution
Uplink/Downlink unbalance
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Dead zone
The zone in which pilot signal is lower than the minimum access
level, e.g., valley, lift, tunnel, indoor zone of high buildings

Solutions
Adjust antenna for increasing coverage (using high gain

antenna, increasing the height of the antenna, etc.)
Add RRU (Radio Remote Unit) or repeater
Add a new site (macro site or mini site)
Use loss cable
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Coverage hole
The zone in which pilot signal is higher than the minimum
access level but lower than the request of the services (voice,
video phone PS64 etc.)
Solutions
Adjust antenna for increasing coverage (using high gain

antenna, increasing the height of the antenna, etc.)
Use RRU (Radio Remote Unit), repeater or mini site
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Page 5

Coverage overshoot
The coverage of a site is more than the range of our plan
Solutions
Adjust the down tilt or azimuth of antenna

Avoid the beam of antenna straight to the road
Use the buildings around the site
Reduce the power of CPICH channel to decrease
coverage
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Page 6

Pilot pollution
In some place, UE can receive so many pilots, but there is no one
main pilot
we can judge pilot pollution exist or not through following
method:
There are more than 3 cells which pilot signal level
CPICH _ RSCP > 95dBm
and (CPICH_ RSCP1st CPICH_ RSCP4th ) < 5dB
Solutions
Adjust the position of sites or adjust antenna

Reduce the power of CPICH channel
Combine some sector or delete some sector if capacity is enough
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Uplink/Downlink unbalance
Interference of uplink can cause unbalance of
uplink/downlink
When downlink cell loading is too large, it can
cause unbalance of uplink/downlink (cell breath)
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Coverage analysis steps

Step 1: Preparation
Step 2: Drive test data analysis
Step3: Performance analysis
Step4: Signaling analysis
Step5: Consumer complaint analysis
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Page 10
Step 1: Preparation
Coverage planning
Before coverage analysis, you must know some basic
information, it include:
The position of the sites
The configuration of the sites
The configuration of antenna (gain, direction, downtilt,
etc.)
The coverage planning of CPICH
The loading distribution of different services
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Step 1: Preparation
Analysis tools
Drive test data analysis software: Genex
Assistant
Performance analysis tool: RNC traffic statistics
console
UL RTWP (Received Total Wideband Power)
alarm console
Test log
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Step 1: Preparation
Parameters related to coverage
CPICH TX Power
MaxFACHPower
SintersearchSsearchrat
Sintrasearch
PreambleRetransMax
FILTERCOEF
IntraCellIndividualOffset
RLMaxDLPwrRLMinDLPwr
Intra

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Page 13

Downlink coverage analysis - Ec
Coverage hole
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Downlink coverage analysis - main cell
No main cell
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Page 15

Drive test data comparison between UE and scanner
SHQ position
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Page 16

Downlink coverage analysis - soft handover proportion
Pilot pollution
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Page 17

Uplink coverage analysis uplink interference
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Uplink coverage analysis uplink power distribution
Uplink
coverage
limitation
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Step 3: Performance analysis

KPI
Coverage problem can affect the following

index:
access successful rate
congestion rate
call drop rate
HO successful rate
Traffic distribution
Too heavy traffic can cause coverage

decrease (cell breath)
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Step 4: Signaling analysis
When call is dropped or handover is failure
during drive test, we can use signaling tracing

function to analyze the causes
If the causes is Ec too low, it is coverage problem
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Step 5: Consumer complaint analysis
When some VIP consumer complain that they
can not take a call in their room, maybe we

need to go to their house to test
if the receive signal is too weaker, it is
coverage problem and we need to increase the

signal strength level.
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Page 22

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Coverage improvement
Site configuration adjustment
Sector adjustment
Diversity technologies
RRU, Repeater
TMA (Tower Mounted Amplifier)
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Page 24
Site configuration adjustment

Different kinds of site can support different output and different capacity
Site configuration Huawei NodeB can support
Macro site: BTS3812E (indoor), BTS3812A (outdoor)

Maximum output: 30W (support TD)/40W (not support TD)
Support 11, 31, 32, 34, 62, etc
Mini site: BTS3802C
Maximum output: 20W (support TD) /30W (not support TD)
Support 11, 12, 21
Distributed site: BBU & RRU
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RRU, Repeater
RRU (Radio Remote Unit): typical feeder loss is 2
3 dB. RRU makes RF part as close as possible to

the antenna to reduce the feeder lost to the least
Fiber
Repeater: it is mainly used in areas where it is
difficult to extend the coverage, or used as a lowcost solution for network construction
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Page 26
TMA (Tower Mounted Amplifier)

TMA is recommended to be used under the conditions below
A large coverage area, e.g. rural, suburban or highway,

because UL coverage is limited for the most of time but DL
coverage is usually not limited
An area, e.g. dense urban or urban, according to RNP, DL
capacity is not limited. UL sensitivity and coverage area can
be increased by using TMA
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Page 28
Case 1: coverage hole

Case description
Through drive test map, it was found that Ec was less than -90dBm in
some area
The area in
which
Ec<-90dBm
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Page 29

Case analysis
According to RNP, the coverage was also discontinuous
The area in
which
Ec<-90dBm
The distance
between sites
was too far
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Page 30

Case solution
The reason of this case was that the site position was unreasonable
But in this area, the operator didnt want to build new site room, all of
WCDMA sites should be installed in GSM site room, so we just could

use some coverage improvement technologies
Increasing output of site
Increasing the height of antenna
Adjust tilt angle
A good network planning is the basis of coverage!
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Case 2: coverage overshoot

Case description
Through drive test map, it was found that the
coverage
of a site was too far
Red color
showed the
coverage of
the site was
too far
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Page 32
Case 2: coverage overshoot

Case solution
Decreasing output of site
Decreasing tilt angle
Changing the direction of antenna
Decreasing the height of antenna if possible
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17
Page 33
Case 3: coverage limitation

Case description
It was found that the quality of Video Phone was very bad
in a special position
Qos of VP badly in
this position
WCDMA antenna
GSM antenna
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Page 34

Case analysis
In this site, WCDMA and GSM site were installed in the same
room. We tested GSM network signal and found it was very

good. But the position of GSM antenna was near to the edge
of the wall, and the position of WCDMA antenna was far from
the edge of the wall
Because the position of WCDMA antenna was far from the
edge of the wall, the wall would affect the signal heavily
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Case solution
If possible, change the position of antenna
If the antenna installation platform is too small, we must
confirm one antenna is near to the edge of the wall
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Page 36
Summary
Summary

Coverage analysis steps: five steps
Coverage improvement technologies
Typical cases analysis
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19
Page 37
Thank You
www.huawei.com
20

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Internal

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

All rights reserved

Upon completion of this course, you will be

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI Mexico Training Center

All rights reserved

Chapter 1 Coverage problem types

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

All rights reserved

Coverage problem types

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI Mexico Training Center

All rights reserved

Coverage problem types

level, e.g., valley, lift, tunnel, indoor zone of high buildings

Adjust antenna for increasing coverage (using high gain

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

All rights reserved

Coverage problem types

Adjust antenna for increasing coverage (using high gain

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI Mexico Training Center

All rights reserved

Coverage problem types

Adjust the down tilt or azimuth of antenna

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

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Coverage problem types

and (CPICH_ RSCP1st CPICH_ RSCP4th ) < 5dB

Adjust the position of sites or adjust antenna

HUAWEI Mexico Training Center

All rights reserved

Coverage problem types

cause unbalance of uplink/downlink (cell breath)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

All rights reserved

Chapter 1 Coverage problem types

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI Mexico Training Center

All rights reserved

Coverage analysis steps

Step 2: Drive test data analysis

Step3: Performance analysis

Step4: Signaling analysis

Step5: Consumer complaint analysis

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

All rights reserved

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI Mexico Training Center

All rights reserved

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

All rights reserved

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI Mexico Training Center

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Step 2: Drive test data analysis

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

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Step 2: Drive test data analysis

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI Mexico Training Center

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