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Tan Dung Phe Lieu Trong San Xuat Ruou Bia PDF
Tan Dung Phe Lieu Trong San Xuat Ruou Bia PDF
Chng 1
TNG QUAN V TN DNG PH LIU TRONG NGNH CH BIN
RU BIA
Chng ta bit rng bia, ru l mt trong nhng sn phm khng th thiu
trong cuc sng, l sn phm mang li nhiu gi tr dinh d ng, n lun c mt
trong nhng ba tic gia nh, bn b. Ngoi ra sn phm bia, r u cn mang mt
nt vn ha ring ca tng vng, tng min, tng quc gia.
Hin nay trn th gii ni chung v Vit Nam ni ring ngnh sn xut bia,
ru rt pht trin minh chng cho iu l c rt nhiu nh my hnh thnh
cho ra i nhiu loi sn phm khc nhau. n c ta c cc nh my nh: Nh my
ru Vodka Boris Smirnow, nh my r u H Ni, nh my r u vang Ninh
Thun, nh my bia Vit H, nh my b ia H Ni, nh my bia Si Gn. N goi ra
cn c nhiu nh my lin doanh vi nc ngoi nh nh my bia lin doanh ng
Nam .
Sn phm bia, ru chim lnh mt th trng tiu th tng i rng ln
khng ch trong nc m cn xut sang nc ngoi hng nm mang li doanh thu
tng i ln cho nc nh.
i km vi s pht trin ca ngnh sn xut bia, r u ci m chng ta khng
th khng k n l ph phm ca ngnh ny. Nhiu kt qu nghin cu cho
thy rng ph phm ny mang nhiu gi tr dinh d ng vn cn c th tip tc ti
ch phc v cc ngnh khc nh lm thc n gia sc, lm mi tr ng nui cy
mt s nm men, lm bt dinh dng cho tr em. iu gip gim i mt lng
rc thi cho mi trng, gim i chi ph x l rc thi ng thi cn l nguyn liu
u vo cho mt s ngnh khc y chnh l ci ch m khng ch c ngnh sn
xut bia ru mun tin n m tt c cc ngnh khc cng ang thm kht. Thc
t cho thy nhiu h gia nh cc vng qu s dng li ph phm t cc l nu
ru truyn thng lm thc n cho gia sc v mang li hiu cao cho kinh t h
gia nh. Trn th gii th h u t v pht trin rt sm nhng nc ta th ch
mi c ch n.
Hin nay th c mt vi cng ty chuyn nghin cu v chuyn giao cng
ngh trong ngnh thc phm nh cng ty Sn Xut Thng Mi v chuyn giao
2
Chng 2
PH LIU TRONG SN XUT BIA
2.1 Thnh phn ha hc
2.1.1 Thnh phn b malt (%)
Bng 2.1: Thnh phn b malt
Ch s
B th
B sy
Theo cht kh
Tng
ng
Tng
ng
Tng
ng
ho
ho
ho
76.3
76.3
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
Protein
6.63
4.74
25.5
18.2
28.0
20.0
Lipit
1.7
1.5
7.5
6.6
8.2
7.1
nito
9.72
5.83
37.3
22.39
41.0
24.6
Xenluloza
5.1
2.0
16.0
7.7
17.5
8.5
Tro
1.2
1.2
4.6
7.7
5.2
8.5
115
75.8
440
296.3
480
320
Malt
Malt
mu
mu
nghin
nht
s b
Nc
7.03
8.80
10.07
Protein
30.88
30.06
34.18
Lipit
1.63
1.95
2.23
43.87
44.53
35.18
Xenluloza
9.64
8.64
11.42
Tro
6.95
6.02
7.05
Ch s
75,0
14,0
Lipit
0,75
8,25
Tro
2,0
51 58
Lipit
2.0 3.0
Gluxit
9.0 11.5
Tro
8.1 9.1
25 30
4570 4840
<8
Protein
< 48
Cht khong
< 10
Nm men
lng
Pha long
Trn
Lc
Phn ly ln 1
Lc
X l
Sy
Khuy
Nghin
Phn ly ln 2
ng gi
Ra
Sn phm
Khuy
10
79.6
Protein
7.0
7.7
Cenlulose
1.2
Tro
1.2
Nha hutblong
3.3
Nghin kh
Chit bng
ru
Hoc bng
dung mi khc
Sy kh
ch phm
Chng ct
dung mi
Bao gi
Kt tinh
Sn phm
Mui
Dch c
Lipit vitamin
12
13
Mm malt
Ngin nh
Chit bng nc 2 gi
10- 120C, pH 5,8-5,6
Tch mm cn li trn my ly tm
Ra kt ta
bng ru
Lm trong nc chit
trong my ly tm cao tc
C c, lm lnh
v ly tm
Sy kh
To pH kt ta
thch hp
Nghin
ng thng
Kt ta bng
ru etylic
Sn phm
Ly tm
14
Mm kh
100
Hn hp cht ho tan
1000
91.2
Nc chit c
700
96.0
Kt ta sau ly tm
400
96
Nc chit trong
699.9
96
0.03
96
Nc chit c c
210.4
89.5
Natri bicacbonat
0.21
210.6
89.5
Kt ta ch phm enzim
6.6
4.0
4.5
Ru
972.8
Ru ti sinh
1112.6
20.2
Tn tht ru
46.3
15
Nc chit
Nc chit tr v
Nc chit c c
- . -. -. - . -
Ch phm kt ta
- .. - .. - .. -
Ru
- - - -
Ch phm men
vvv
Hn hp ru nc
16
Chng 3
TN DNG PH LIU TRONG SN XUT R U T R NG
3.1. Thnh phn ha hc ca b ru t r ng
Theo ch dn ca I.S POPOV trong 1kg r ng c: Cht ha tan khng
cha nito 40g, protit tiu ha c 3g, canxi 0.07g, photpho (P 2O5) 0.09g, thc n
gia sc 0.061g, cn li l nc.
Khi c c trong chn khng b r u ch bin t r ng ma ngi ta thu nhn
c s liu di y:
Bng 3.1: Thnh phn ha hc ca b r u t r ng khi c c
Nc
54.67%
glycerin
2.60%
Cht kh
45.33%
Axit lactic
2.70%
Protein
6.95%
Cht bo
0.00%
Tro
10.93%
celulose
0.30%
Cht humin
10.40%
Sp,
linhin, 6.15%
glucosit, phenol v
cc axit hu c
ng
5.30%
0.4
Natri
0.5
St
0.08
Kali
3.4
Nhm
0.09
Clo
1.3
Magie
0.7
Iot
0.0014
Lu hunh
1.4
ng
0.017
17
Photpho
0.3
21
Riboflavin(B 2)
Piridoxin(B 6)
30
Axit Pantotenic(B 3)
39
Biotin(B 7)
1.5
Axit Folic
0.3
18
19
B ru
nng
Lm ngui
Lc
Phn ly ln
1
Phn ly ln
2
Lm ng
Sn
phm
phn Torula
Micotorula
nm men
Ti thiu
Ti a
Ti thiu
Ti da
nito 8.2
9.3
7.5
8.5
51
55
47
53
Lipit
1.7
2.7
2.6
3.0
Gluxit
13.7
16.5
14
tro
8.1
11.1
7.8
10.9
33
27
40
Lng
chung%
Protein
(N*6.25)
Cht ha tan 22
khng
cha
nito
21
4.3
xistin
1.1
histidin
2.8
metionin
lizin
7.5
treonin
5.5
Tirozin
4.2
lozin
7.3
triptophan
4.1
isolozin
phenylalanin
4.1
valin
5.3
18.3
Piridoxin(B6)
18
Riboflavin(B2)
48.6
Botin(B7)
9.8
Axit
100
Axit pholic
18
Cholin(B4)
2600
Vitamin B12
0.08
Axit nicotinic
326
Vitamin D2
250
Axit pholic
18
pantotenic(B2)
B ru
nng
R
ng
Lm ngui ln
1
Thanh trng
Pha siro
Lm ngui ln
2
Mi trng
nm men
Khuy trn
Ln men
Chiu tia cc
tm
Ph bt, ph
nh tng
Nghin
Tch kh
ng gi
Phn ly ln 1
Sn phm
Dch
men
Phn ly ln 2
Sy kh
23
24
27-29
tro
1.42-1.88
Protein
2.57-2.95
Phtpho
0.84-1.46
27
Chng 4
TN DNG PH LIU TRONG SN XUT R U T TINH
BT
4.1 Thnh phn ha hc ca b ru t nguyn liu tinh bt (tnh theo %)
Bng 4.1: Thnh phn ha hc ca b r u t nguyn liu bng tinh bt
Thnh
phn(%)
Mch en
Ng
Kiu mch
i mch
Khoai ty
Nc
92,5
93,15
91,81
93,10
95,64
Cht kh
7,35
6,85
8,14
6,90
4,36
kh 2,89
3,49
1,97
2,70
2,10
Cht
kh 0,42
0,53
0,26
0,44
0,31
tnh
theo
0,55
0,61
0,40
0,22
Cht
ho tan
matose
Cht kh sau 0,74
khi
phn
thu
vi
HCl
Tinh bt
0,28
0,47
0,37
pentose
046
0,41
0,23
0,41
0,45
hemicelulose 1,73
1,78
1,35
1,18
2,28
Nito
0,267
0,40
0,19
0,24
0,171
Tro
0,45
0,40
0,57
0,57
0,51
28
9,8
Acginin
6,8
Axit aspatic
3,2
Axit glutamic
1,1
isoloxin
6,2
Loxin
Lizin
7,6
Metionin
33,4
phenylalanin
5,6
Treonin
7,8
Tirozin
4,8
Valin
1,7
Hm lng tinh bt
Khoai ty
14
152
16
174
18
195
36
372
38
393
50
531
52
552
Kiu mch
La m, mch en
29
Ng
54
574
56
606
58
628
60
650
Nhn chung khi sn xut ru t nguyn liu tinh bt th ch c 1/3 lng cht
kh nguyn liu c chuyn thnh ru, phn cht kh cn li khng c ln
men, trong c khong 1/3 chuyn vo b r u, phn cn li l protein, cht tro,
cht bo
S lng protein c tng ln nh hp cht nito ca nm men, cn hm
lng chung ca protein tnh theo cht kh ca b r u bng khong 2 ln so vi
hm lng protein ca nguyn liu a vo, trong b ru ch bin t ht lng
nito dng ho tan ch bng 15 -25% lng nito chung. Lng cht kh trong b
giao ng trong khong 4-8%.
4.2 Hiu sut thu hi b ru.
Hiu sut sn xut t khoai t y, lng thc ph thuc vo c ca dch dm
chn, muc pha long ca chng khi ra thng ln men, c ca ru ct v s
lng hi nc tiu th khi chng ct ngng li v c tnh theo cng thc:
b=
e(100 p ) * 100
a* A
Trong :
b: hiu sut
a: c ca dch dm chn
e: mc pha long ca dch dm chn
A: c ca ru
p: s lng hi nc ngng t
m c ca dm chn giao ng t 6,5-8.5%. m c dm chn cng
ln th hiu sut b ru cng thp. Khi gim c ca dch dm chn 8.5% xung
30
] n v l dcal
100
a
A
32
35
Chng 5
BO QUN B RU, BIA
5.1 Bo qun b ru
5.1.1 Nhng yu cu khi bo qun b r u
Khi bo qun b ru, bia ch bin t ht, cn phi theo di quan st mt cch
thch ng nhng yu cu v v sinh.
Khu vc bo qun v xut b ru cn phi c cu trc thun tin cho vic c
gii ho cng vic bo qun b r u, thun tin cho vic tip tc hon thin v
trang b c gii ho vic tnh m v xut b ru.
5.1.2 S ni bo qun b ru
Hnh 4. (trang 46 ) Mt ct dc ni bo qun b ru.. 1 bnh xe
ng knh 3m quay gu ti, 2 gu ti c v g gu bng thp, 3
cu trn 2 cp v ko bng g, 4 b phn lc cha y r than l
hi. 5 tm lt tng bng ci hay rm ph 2 ln nha bitum N 05 ; 6
thanh chng g bng, 7 phn u ca ni cha b ru y
cha b ru n nh gi chng trong thi gian ma h, 8 phn
th 2 ca ni cha b ru rt v sn xut ra trong thi gian ma
ng.
Dng nhng tm t bit bng ci rm c kch thc 100 x 100 x 9cm lt
tng kho cha b ru.
Nhng ch tng dc v y kho c ph bng nhng tm lm t hn hp
t st ct thnh 1 lp dy 15 20cm. Nhng tm t st c ga c bng nhng
ct g c tit din 3 x 3cm v di 40cm.
Hnh 5. (Trang 47) Mt ct ngang ca ni bo qun b ru.
1 bnh xe quay gu ti. 2 gu ti, 3 mng chy c lp bng
thp, 4 bnh o (lng) 5 - thc ch mc, 6 cu trn hai cp v
ko bng g, 7 thng p lc, 8 lp p mt, 9 thanh chng bng
g, 10 ni o su thit b vn chuyn vo ly b r u.
B mt ca kho cha c ph bng nha bitum nng.
36
38
40
41
KT LUN
Sau mt thi gian tm hiu, cng vi s gip ca bn b, thy c, n nay
chng em c c hi cng c phn ln kin thc c hc trc y. c bit
l nhng kin thc v cng ngh ch bin r u bia cng nh cc ph liu v tn
dng ph liu trong cng ngh ch bin r u bia gip ch cho cng vic sau khi ra
trng. Bn cch vic thc hin ti ny cng l c hi tt tm hiu thc t
v vic vn dng cc loi ph liu Vit Nam hin nay. Vi cng vic thc t ca
mt c nhn khi ra trng l vic nm bt, phn tch c nhu cu ca th
trng, ca x hi, ca cc ngnh sn xut c lin quan t ln phng n p
ng nhu cu cch tt nht Trong qu trnh tm hiu, tnh ton, da vo nhng gio
trnh, ti liu ng tin cy tm ra cch tn dng ph liu mt cch thch hp nht, c
hiu qu nht p dng ti Vit Nam. Mt t nc hin nay vn cha p dng
trit vic tn dng ph liu ny. V y l cng vic cn mi m vi mt c nhn
tng lai cn t kinh nghim thc t nn chc chn khng trnh khi nhng thiu
xt. Chng em mong nhn c s ng gp kin ca cc thy c gio v cc bn
sinh vin ti c hon thin hn.
Chng em xin chn thnh c m n!
42