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WEF GlobalCompetitivenessReport 2009-10 PDF
WEF GlobalCompetitivenessReport 2009-10 PDF
Competitiveness Report
20092010
The Global
Competitiveness Report
20092010
Copyright 2009
by the World Economic Forum
ISBN-13: 978-92-95044-25-8
ISBN-10: 92-95044-25-8
Contents
Partner Institutes
Preface
59
xi
61
by Klaus Schwab
333
473
477
Acknowledgments
479
49
Partner Institutes
Partner Institutes
Barbados
Arthur Lewis Institute for Social and Economic Studies,
University of West Indies (UWI)
Andrew Downes, Director
Belgium
Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School
Lutgart Van den Berghe, Professor, Executive Director
and Chairman, Competence Centre Entrepreneurship,
Governance and Strategy
Bieke Dewulf, Associate, Competence Centre Entrepreneurship,
Governance and Strategy
Wim Moesen, Professor
Benin
Micro Impacts of Macroeconomic Adjustment Policies
(MIMAP) Benin
Epiphane Adjovi, Business Coordinator
Maria-Odile Attanasso, Deputy Coordinator
Fructueux Deguenonvo, Researcher
Bosnia and Herzegovina
MIT Center, School of Economics and Business in Sarajevo,
University of Sarajevo
Zlatko Lagumdzija, Professor
Zeljko Sain, Executive Director
Jasmina Selimovic, Assistant Director
Botswana
Botswana National Productivity Centre
Joseph Jonazi, Research Consultant and Statistician
Dabilani Buthali, Manager, Information and
Research Services Department
Thembo Lebang, Executive Director
Brazil
Fundao Dom Cabral
Carlos Arruda, Executive Director, International Board
and Professor and Coordinator of the Competitiveness
and Innovation Center
Marina Arajo, Economist and Researcher of the
Competitiveness and Innovation Center
Movimento Brasil Competitivo (MBC)
Cludio Leite Gastal, Director President
Denise Alves, Projects Coordinator
Elisa de Arajo, Projects Assistant
Brunei Darussalam
Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources
Pehin Dato Yahya Bakar, Minister
Dato Paduka Hj Hamdillah Hj Abd Wahab, Deputy Minister
Dato Paduka Hamid Hj Mohd Jaafar, Permanent Secretary
Bulgaria
Center for Economic Development
Anelia Damianova, Senior Expert
Burkina Faso
lnstitut Suprieure des Sciences de la Population (ISSP),
University of Ouagadougou
Samuel Kabore, Economist and Head of Development Strategy
and Population Research
Partner Institutes
Burundi
University Research Centre for Economic and Social
Development (CURDES), National University of Burundi
Richard Ndereyahaga, Head of CURDES
Gilbert Niyongabo, Dean, Faculty of Economics
& Management
Cambodia
Economic Institute of Cambodia
Sok Hach, President
Chan Vuthy, Senior Researcher
Poch Kongchheng, Junior Researcher
Cameroon
Comit de Comptitivit (Competitiveness Committee)
Lucien Sanzouango, Permanent Secretary
Canada
Institute for Competitiveness and Prosperity
Tamer Azer, Researcher
Roger Martin, Chairman and Dean of the Rotman
School of Management, University of Toronto
James Milway, Executive Director
Chad
Groupe de Recherches Alternatives et de Monitoring
du Projet Ptrole-Tchad-Cameroun (GRAMP-TC)
Antoine Doudjidingao, Researcher
Gilbert Maoundonodji, Director
Celine Nnodji Mbaipeur, Programme Officer
vi
Chile
Universidad Adolfo Ibez
Ignacio Briones, Associate Professor of Economics,
School of Government
Leonidas Montes, Dean, School of Government
Camila Chadwick, Project Coordinator
China
Institute of Economic System and Management
National Development and Reform Commission
Zhou Haichun, Deputy Director and Professor
Chen Wei, Research Fellow
Dong Ying, Professor
China Center for Economic Statistics Research,
Tianjin University of Finance and Economics
Lu Dong, Professor
Jian Wang, Associate Professor
Hongye Xiao, Professor
Bojuan Zhao, Professor
Huazhang Zheng, Associate Professor
Colombia
National Planning Department
Alvaro Edgar Balcazar, Entrepreneurial Development Director
Carolina Rentera Rodrguez, General Director
Mauricio Torres Velsquez, Advisor
Colombian Council of Competitiveness
Hernando Jos Gomez, President
Cte dIvoire
Chambre de Commerce et dIndustrie de Cte dIvoire
Jean-Louis Billon, President
Jean-Louis Giacometti, Technical Advisor to the President
Mamadou Sarr, Director General
Croatia
National Competitiveness Council
Martina Hatlak, Research Assistant
Kresimir Jurlin, Research Fellow
Mira Lenardic, General Secretary
Cyprus
Cyprus College Research Center
Bambos Papageorgiou, Head of Socioeconomic
and Academic Research
The Cyprus Development Bank
Maria Markidou-Georgiadou, Manager, International
Banking Services Unit and Business Development
Czech Republic
CMC Graduate School of Business
Tomas Janca, Executive Director
Denmark
Copenhagen Business School, Department of
International Economics and Management
Lise Peitersen, Administrative Director
Casper Rose, Professor
Ecuador
ESPAE Graduate School of Management,
Escuela Superior Politcnica del Litoral (ESPOL)
Elizabeth Arteaga, Project Assistant
Virginia Lasio, Acting Director
Sara Wong, Professor
Egypt
The Egyptian Center for Economic Studies
Hanaa Kheir-El-Din, Executive Director and Director of Research
Naglaa El Ehwany, Deputy Director and Lead Economist
Malak Reda, Senior Economist
Estonia
Estonian Institute of Economic Research
Evelin Ahermaa, Head of Economic Research Sector
Marje Josing, Director
Estonian Development Fund
Kitty Kubo, Head of Foresight
Ott Prna, Chief Executive Officer
Ethiopia
African Institute of Management, Development and Governance
Tegegne Teka, General Manager
Finland
ETLAThe Research Institute of the Finnish Economy
Petri Rouvinen, Research Director
Pasi Sorjonen, Head of the Forecasting Group
Pekka Yl-Anttila, Managing Director
France
HEC School of Management, Paris
Bertrand Moingeon, Professor and Deputy Dean
Bernard Ramanantsoa, Professor and Dean
Gambia, The
Gambia Economic and Social Development Research
Institute (GESDRI)
Makaireh A. Njie, Director
Georgia
Business Initiative for Reforms in Georgia
Giga Makharadze, Founding Member of the Board of Directors
Tamar Tchintcharauli, Executive Director
Mamuka Tsereteli, Founding Member of the Board of Directors
Germany
WHU - Otto Beisheim School of Management, Vallendar
Ralf Fendel, Professor of Monetary Economics
Michael Frenkel, Professor, Chair of Macroeconomics
and International Economics
Ghana
Association of Ghana Industries (AGI)
Carlo Hey, Project Manager
Cletus Kosiba, Executive Director
Tony Oteng-Gyasi, President
Guatemala
FUNDESA
Edgar A. Heinemann, President of the Board of Directors
Pablo Schneider, Economic Director
Juan Carlos Zapata, General Manager
Guyana
Institute of Development Studies, University of Guyana
Karen Pratt, Research Associate
Clive Thomas, Director
Hong Kong SAR
Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce
David ORear, Chief Economist
Federation of Hong Kong Industries
Alexandra Poon, Director
The Chinese General Chamber of Commerce
Hungary
KOPINT-TRKI Economic Research Ltd.
gnes Nagy, Project Manager
va Palcz, Chief Executive Officer
Iceland
Innovation Center Iceland
Karl Fridriksson, Managing Director of Human Resources
and Services
Rosa Signy Gisladottir, Manager, Marketing and Media Relations
Thorsteinn I. Sigfusson, Director
India
Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)
Chandrajit Banerjee, Director General
Tarun Das, Chief Mentor
Virendra Gupta, Head, International and Trade Fairs
Indonesia
Center for Industry, SME & Business Competition Studies,
University of Trisakti
Tulus Tambunan, Professor and Director
Iran, Islamic Republic of
The Centre for Economic Studies and Surveys (CESS),
Iran Chamber of Commerce, Industries and Mines
Hammed Roohani, Director
Ireland
Competitiveness Survey Group, Department of Economics,
University College Cork
Eleanor Doyle, Professor, Department of Economics
Niall OSullivan
Bernadette Power
National Competitiveness Council
Adrian Devitt, Manager
Caoimhe Gavin, Policy Advisor
Grinne Greehy, Graduate Trainee
Israel
Manufacturers Association of Israel (MAI)
Shraga Brosh, President
Dan Catarivas, Director
Yehuda Segev, Managing Director
Italy
SDA Bocconi School of Management
Secchi Carlo, Full Professor of Economic Policy, Bocconi University
Paola Dubini, Associate Professor, Bocconi University
Francesco A. Saviozzi, SDA Assistant Professor,
Strategic and Entrepreneurial Management Department
Jamaica
Mona School of Business (MSB), The University of the
West Indies
Patricia Douce, Project Administrator
Evan Duggan, Executive Director and Professor
William Lawrence, Director, Professional Services Unit
Partner Institutes
Greece
SEV Hellenic Federation of Enterprises
Michael Mitsopoulos, Coordinator, Research and Analysis
Thanasis Printsipas, Economist, Research and Analysis
Japan
Hitotsubashi University, Graduate School of International
Corporate Strategy (ICS)
in cooperation with Keizai Doyukai Keizai (Japan Association
of Corporate Executives)
Yoko Ishikura, Professor
Kiyohiko Ito, Vice-President and General Manager for Policy
Studies, Keizai Doyukai
Jordan
Ministry of Planning & International Cooperation
Jordan National Competitiveness Team
Hiba Abu Taleb, Primary Researcher
Hussein Abwini, Primary Researcher
Kawthar Al-Zoubi, Primary Researcher
Kazakhstan
JSC National Analytical Centre of the Government and the
National Bank of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Ayana Manasova, Chairperson
Aibek Baisakalov, Expert Analyst
Kenya
Institute for Development Studies, University of Nairobi
Mohamud Jama, Director and Associate Professor
Paul Kamau, Research Fellow
Dorothy McCormick, Associate Professor
Korea, Republic of
College of Business School, Korea Advanced Institute of
Science and Technology KAIST
Ingoo Han, Senior Associate Dean and Professor
Ravi Kumar, Dean and Professor
Youjin Sung, Manager, Exchange Programme
Kuwait
Economics Department, Kuwait University
Abdullah Alsalman, Assistant Professor
Mohammed El-Sakka, Professor
Reyadh Faras, Assistant Professor
Kyrgyz Republic
Economic Policy Institute Bishkek Consensus
Lola Abduhametova, Program Coordinator
Marat Tazabekov, Chairman
Latvia
Institute of Economics, Latvian Academy of Sciences
Helma Jirgena, Director
Irina Curkina, Researcher
Lesotho
Mohloli Chamber of Business
Semethe Raleche, Chief Executive Officer
Libya
National Economic Development Board
Entisar Elbahi, Director, Relations and Supported Services
Lithuania
Statistics Lithuania
Ona Grigiene, Head, Economical Survey Division
Algirdas Semeta,
Director General
Luxembourg
Chamber of Commerce of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Franois-Xavier Borsi, Attach, Economic Department
Marc Wagener, Attach, Economic Department
Carlo Thelen, Chief Economist, Member of the Managing Board
vii
Partner Institutes
Macedonia, FYR
National Entrepreneurship and Competitiveness Council (NECC)
Dejan Janevski, Project Coordinator
Zoran Stavreski, President of the Managing Board
Saso Trajkoski, Executive Director
Montenegro
Institute for Strategic Studies and Prognoses (ISSP)
Maja Drakic, Project Manager
Petar Ivanovic, Chief Executive Officer
Veselin Vukotic, President
Madagascar
Centre of Economic Studies, University of Antananarivo
Pp Andrianomanana, Director
Razato Raharijaona Simo, Executive Secretary
Morocco
Universit Hassan II, LASAARE
Fouzi Mourji, Professor of Economics
Malawi
Malawi Confederation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry
Chancellor L. Kaferapanjira, Chief Executive Officer
Malaysia
Institute of Strategic and International Studies (ISIS)
Tan Sri Mohamed Jawhar Hassan, Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer
Mahani Zainal Abidin, Director-General
Steven C.M. Wong, Assistant Director-General
Malaysia Productivity Corporation (MPC)
Dato Nik Zainiah Nik Abd. Rahman, Director General
Lee Saw Hoon, Senior Director
Mali
Groupe de Recherche en Economie Applique et
Thorique (GREAT)
Massa Coulibaly, Coordinator
Malta
Competitive Malta - Foundation for National Competitiveness
Margrith Lutschg-Emmenegger, Vice President
Adrian Said, Chief Coordinator
Caroline Sciortino, Research Coordinator
viii
Mauritania
Centre dInformation Mauritanien pour le Dveloppement
Economique et Technique (CIMDET/CCIAM)
Khira Mint Cheikhnani, Director
L Abdoul, Consultant and Analyst
Habib Sy, Analyst
Mauritius
Joint Economic Council of Mauritius
Raj Makoond, Director
Board of Investment
Dev Chamroo, Director, Planning & Policy
Manisha Dookhony, Manager, Planning & Policy
Raju Jaddoo, Managing Director
Mexico
Center for Intellectual Capital and Competitiveness
Erika Ruiz Manzur, Executive Director
Ren Villarreal Arrambide, President and Chief Executive Officer
Jess Zurita Gonzlez, General Director
Instituto Mexicano para la Competitividad (IMCO)
Gabriela Alarcon Esteva, Economist
Manuel J. Molano Ruiz, Deputy General Director
Roberto Newell Garcia, General Director
Ministry of the Economy
Felipe Duarte Olvera, Undersecretary for Competitiveness
and Standardization
Gerardo de la Pea, Technical Secretary for Competitiveness
Jose Antonio Torre, Chief of Staff, ProMxico Trade & Investment
Paulo Esteban Alcaraz, Research Director, ProMxico
Trade & Investment
Mongolia
Open Society Forum (OSF)
Munkhsoyol Baatarjav, Manager of Economic Policy
Erdenejargal Perenlei, Executive Director
Mozambique
EconPolicy Research Group, Lda.
Peter Coughlin, Director
Donaldo Miguel Soares, Researcher
Ema Marta Soares, Assistant
Namibia
Namibian Economic Policy Research Unit (NEPRU)
Lameck Odada, Consultant
Klaus Schade, Principal Researcher
Nepal
Centre for Economic Development and Administration (CEDA)
Ramesh Chandra Chitrakar, Professor and Director of Research
Menaka Rajbhandari Shrestha, Researcher
Santosh Kumar Upadhyaya, Researcher
Netherlands
Erasmus Strategic Renewal Center,
Erasmus University Rotterdam
Frans A. J. Van den Bosch, Professor
Henk W. Volberda, Professor
New Zealand
Business New Zealand
Marcia Dunnett, Manager, Sector Groups
Phil OReilly, Chief Executive
The New Zealand Institute
Rick Boven, Director
Benedikte Jensen, Research Director
Nigeria
Nigerian Economic Summit Group (NESG)
Felix Ogbera, Associate Director, Research
Sam Ohuabunwa, Chairman
Chris Okpoko, Senior Consultant, Research
Norway
BI Norwegian School of Management
Eskil Goldeng, Researcher
Torger Reve, Professor
Oman
The International Research Foundation
Salem Ben Nasser Al-Ismaily, Chairman
Mehdi Bin Ali Bin Juma, Expert for
Economic Research, the Omani Centre for Investment
Promotion & Export Development (OCIPED)
Pakistan
Competitiveness Support Fund
Arthur Bayhan, Chief Executive Officer
Stephen Manuel, Manager Media & Communication
Imran Naeem Ahmad, Communication Specialist
Paraguay
Centro de Anlisis y Difusin de Economia Paraguaya (CADEP)
Dionisio Borda, Research Member
Fernando Masi, Director
Mara Beln Servn, Research Member
Peru
Centro de Desarrollo Industrial (CDI), Sociedad Nacional
de Industrias
Nstor Asto, Project Director
Luis Tenorio, Executive Director
Philippines
Makati Business Club
Alberto A. Lim, Executive Director
Michael B. Mundo, Chief Economist
Mark P. Opulencia, Deputy Director
Poland
The Economic Institute, The National Bank of Poland
Mateusz Pipien, Director
Zbigniew Zlkiewski, Deputy Director
Piotr Boguszewski, Advisor
Management Observatory
Monika Nowacka, Projects Director
Ireneusz Tomczak, Chairman of the Board
Warsaw School of Economics
Bogdan Radomski, Associate Professor
Portugal
PROFORUM, Associao para o Desenvolvimento da Engenharia
Ildio Antnio de Ayala Serdio, Vice President of the
Board of Directors
Slovenia
Institute for Economic Research
Peter Stanovnik, Senior Researcher
University of Ljubljana
Mateja Drnovsek, Professor, Faculty of Economics
Ales Vahcic, Professor, Faculty of Economics
Art Kovacic, Senior Researcher, Faculty of Business Sciences
South Africa
Business Leadership South Africa
Friede Dowie, Director
Michael Spicer, Chief Executive Officer
Business Unity South Africa
Jerry Vilakazi, Chief Executive Officer
Vic Van Vuuren, Chief Operating Officer
Spain
IESE Business School, International Center for Competitiveness
Antoni Subir, Professor
Mara Luisa Blzquez, Research Associate
Alessandro Cembalo, Research Assistant
Sri Lanka
Institute of Policy Studies
Manoj Thibbotuwawa, Research Officer
Ruwan Jayathilaka, Research Officer
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico 2000, Inc.
Suzette M. Jimenez, President
Francisco Montalvo Fiol, Project Coordinator
Qatar
Qatari Businessmen Association (QBA)
Issa Abdul Salam Abu Issa, Secretary-General
Ahmed El-Shaffee, Economist
Romania
Group of Applied Economics (GEA)
Anca Rusu, Program Coordinator
Liviu Voinea, Executive Director
Russian Federation
Bauman Innovation
Alexei Prazdnitchnykh, Principal, Associate Professor
Katerina Marandi, Consultant
Stockholm School of Economics, Russia
Igor Dukeov, Area Principal
Carl F. Fey, Associate Dean of Research
Saudi Arabia
National Competitiveness Center (NCC)
Awwad Al-Awwad, Deputy Governor for Investment
Khaldon Mahasen, Manager, Investment Performance Assessment
Senegal
Centre de Recherches Economiques Appliques (CREA),
University of Dakar
Diop Ibrahima Thione, Director
Serbia
Center for Advanced Economic Studies (CEVES)
Jasna Atanasijevic, Member of the CEVES Council
of Directors
Dus ko Vasiljevic, Member of the CEVES Council
of Directors
Singapore
Economic Development Board
Lim Hong Khiang, Director Planning 2
Chua Kia Chee, Head, Research and Statistics Unit
Cheng Wai San, Head, Planning
Slovak Republic
Business Alliance of Slovakia (PAS)
Robert Kicina, Executive Director
Martin Toth, Researcher
Suriname
Institute for Development Oriented Studies (IDOS)
Ashok Hirschfeld, Qualitative Research
John R.P. Krishnadath, President
Sweden
Center for Strategy and Competitiveness,
Stockholm School of Economics
Christian Ketels, Senior Research Fellow
rjan Slvell, Professor
Switzerland
University of St. Gallen, Executive School of Management,
Technology and Law (ES-HSG)
Franz Jaeger, Professor
Beat Bechtold, Project Manager
Syria
Ministry of Economy and Trade
Amer Housni Louitfi, Minister of Economy and Trade
State Planning Commission
Tayseer Al-Ridawi, Head of State Planning Commission
Syrian Enterprise Business Center (SEBC)
Tamer Abadi, Director
Taiwan, China
Council for Economic Planning and Development, Executive Yuan
Tain-Jy Chen, Chairman
J. B. Hung, Director, Economic Research Department
Chung Chung Shieh, Researcher, Economic Research Department
Tajikistan
The Center for Sociological Research Zerkalo
Qahramon Baqoev, Director
Olga Eskina, Researcher
Alikul Isoev, Sociologist and Economist
Tanzania
Research on Poverty Alleviation (REPOA)
Joseph Semboja, Professor and Executive Director
Lucas Katera, Director, Commissioned Research
Cornel Jahari, Researcher, Commissioned Research Department
ix
Partner Institutes
Thailand
Sasin Graduate Institute of Business Administration,
Chulalongkorn University
Pongsak Hoontrakul, Senior Research Fellow
Toemsakdi Krishnamra, Director of Sasin
Piyachart Phiromswad, Faculty of Economics
Thailand Development Research Institute (TDRI)
Somchai Jitsuchon, Research Director
Chalongphob Sussangkarn, Distinguished Fellow
Yos Vajragupta, Senior Researcher
Timor-Leste
Timor-Leste Development Agency (ETDA)
Harun Y. Boavida, Survey Field Officer
Januario Mok, Survey Supervisor
Palmira Pires, Director
Trinidad and Tobago
Arthur Lok Jack Graduate School of Business
Miguel Carillo, Executive Director
Balraj Kistow, Lecturer
The Competitiveness Company
Rolph Balgobin, Director
Tunisia
Institut Arabe des Chefs dEntreprises
Majdi Hassen, Executive Counsellor
Chekib Nouira, President
Turkey
TUSIAD Sabanci University Competitiveness Forum
Dilek Cetindamar, Director and Professor
Funda Kalemci, Project Specialist
Uganda
Makerere Institute of Social Research, Makerere University
Robert Apunyo, Research Associate
Delius Asiimwe, Senior Research Fellow
Catherine Ssekimpi, Research Associate
Vietnam
Central Institute for Economic Management (CIEM)
Dinh Van An, President
Phan Thanh Ha, Deputy Director, Department of
Macroeconomic Management
Pham Hoang Ha, Senior Researcher, Department of
Macroeconomic Management
Institute for Development Studies in HCMC (HIDS)
Nguyen Trong Hoa, Professor and President
Du Phuoc Tan, Head of Department
Trieu Thanh Son, Researcher
Zambia
Institute of Economic and Social Research (INESOR),
University of Zambia
Mutumba M. Bull, Director
Patricia Funjika, Staff Development Fellow
Jolly Kamwanga, Coordinator
Zimbabwe
Graduate School of Management, University of Zimbabwe
A.M. Hawkins, Professor
Bolivia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador,
Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama
INCAE Business School, Latin American Center for
Competitiveness and Sustainable Development (CLACDS)
Arturo Condo, Rector
Lawrence Pratt, Director, CLACDS
Luis Reyes, Project Manager, CLACDS
Marlene de Estrella, Director of External Relations
Latvia, Lithuania
Stockholm School of Economics in Riga
Karlis Kreslins, Executive MBA Programme Director
Anders Paalzow, Rector
Ukraine
CASE Ukraine, Center for Social and Economic Research
Dmytro Boyarchuk, Executive Director
Vladimir Dubrovskiy, Leading Economist
United Arab Emirates
Economic & Policy Research Unit (EPRU), Zayed University
Nico Vellinga, Professor
Dubai Competitiveness Council
Adel Alfalasi, Executive Director
Khawla Belqazi, Special Projects Manager
United Kingdom
LSE Enterprise Ltd, London School of Economics
and Political Science
Adam Austerfield, Project Director
Jane Lac, Project Coordinator
Robyn Klingler, Graduate Researcher
Uruguay
Universidad ORT
Isidoro Hodara, Professor
Venezuela
CONAPRI - Venezuelan Council for Investment Promotion
Gladis Genua, Executive Director
Litsay Guerrero, Manager, Economic Affairs
Preface
Preface
KLAUS SCHWAB
Executive Chairman, World Economic Forum
xi
Part 1
Measuring Competitiveness
CHAPTER 1.1
A healthy workforce is vital to a countrys competitiveness and productivity.Workers who are ill cannot
function to their potential and will be less productive.
Poor health leads to significant costs to business, as
sick workers are often absent or operate at lower levels
of efficiency. Investment in the provision of health
services is thus critical for clear economic, as well as
moral, considerations.12
In addition to health, this pillar takes into account
the quantity and quality of basic education received by
the population, which is increasingly important in
todays economy. Basic education increases the efficiency
of each individual worker. Moreover, workers who have
Countries with efficient goods markets are well positioned to produce the right mix of products and services
given supply-and-demand conditions, as well as to ensure
that these goods can be most effectively traded in the
economy. Healthy market competition, both domestic
and foreign, is important in driving market efficiency
and thus business productivity, by ensuring that the
most efficient firms, producing goods demanded by the
market, are those that thrive.The best possible environment for the exchange of goods requires a minimum of
impediments to business activity through government
intervention. For example, competitiveness is hindered by
distortionary or burdensome taxes and by restrictive and
discriminatory rules on foreign direct investment (FDI)
limiting foreign ownershipas well as on international
trade.The economic slowdown, with the consequent
drop in trade and rise in unemployment, has increased the
pressure on governments to adopt measures to protect
domestic firms and jobs.Yet limiting global trade would
not only amplify the current downturn, but in the
longer term it would also reduce growthin particular
in developing countries.
Market efficiency also depends on demand conditions
such as customer orientation and buyer sophistication.
For cultural reasons, customers in some countries may
be more demanding than in others.This can create an
important competitive advantage, as it forces companies
This pillar measures the agility with which an economy adopts existing technologies to enhance the
productivity of its industries.16 In todays globalized
world, technology has increasingly become an important
element for firms to compete and prosper. In particular,
information and communication technologies (ICT)
have evolved into the general purpose technology
of our time,17 given the critical spillovers to the other
economic sectors and their role as efficient infrastructure
for commercial transactions.Therefore ICT access
(including the presence of an ICT-friendly regulatory
framework) and usage are included in the pillar as
Basic requirements
Institutions
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic stability
Health and primary education
Key for
factor-driven
economies
Efficiency enhancers
Key for
efficiency-driven
economies
Key for
innovation-driven
Business sophistication
Innovation
economies
Efficiencydriven
stage (%)
Innovationdriven
stage (%)
Basic requirements
60
40
20
Efficiency enhancers
35
50
50
10
30
Subindex
To obtain the precise weights, a maximum likelihood regression of GDP per capita was run against each
subindex for past years, allowing for different coefficients for each stage of development.23 The rounding
of these econometric estimates led to the choice of
weights displayed in Table 1.
The concept of competitiveness captures the medium- to longterm productivity and growth prospects of national economies.
In other words, although business cycle movements affect
countries short-term growth prospects, as witnessed in the
present economic downturn, they should have no impact on
competitiveness assessments unless they have longer-term
consequences for the competitiveness drivers discussed in
this chapter.
In order to get a sense of the extent to which the global
recession is affecting the longer-term competitiveness of
countries, the World Economic Forum carried out a survey of
selected leading macro and business economists from the
Forums economy-related Global Agenda Councils,1 along with
four international associations of business economists.2 A total
of 16 leading economists were surveyed. The survey is intended
to complement the analysis of the Global Competitiveness Index
(GCI) by providing the insight of experts on the matter.
Respondents were asked to rate the degree to which
they believe the present global recession will have a positive or
negative impact, on a scale of 1 (negative) to 7 (positive), on
selected countries, with 4 (the central value) indicating that
the recession will have no impact. They were also asked to
describe the mechanisms by which the recession would have
positive or negative impacts on countries. The 37 countries
included were those ranked in the top 20 of last years GCI, and
other key regional economies.
Figure 1 shows the average score for each economy
covered by the exercise (shown by a white dot), as well as
the spread in scores (the highest and lowest scores given,
shown by the blue line). Economies have been grouped in a
number of different clusters according to the perceived impact
of the crisis on their competitiveness perspective (ranging
from slightly positive to negative). In addition, the last columns
display each countrys GCI rank for this year, as well as
changes to the competitiveness rankings since last year for
every economy considered (improvements are indicated by an
upward arrow, declines are represented by downward arrows,
and sideways arrows indicate no change).
The first point to note about the survey results shown in
the figure is that the average assessments are skewed downward, with only five economies above the no impact value of
4. In other words, of all countries considered, the experts on
average believe that only Brazil, India, and China (the three
largest BRIC economies), along with Australia and Canada,
are likely to see their competitiveness improving slightly as a
consequence of the global recession. A further two economies
are expected, on average, to see no impact on their competitiveness from the recession (Norway and Hong Kong). For the
remaining 30 economies covered, the average assessment
ranges from slightly negative to negative.
Taking into account the general downward bias of the
results, the average responses to the survey are broadly in
line with the changes in the GCI rankings since last year, with
some exceptions. In particular, Brazilperceived by the experts
as the country that will likely see its competitiveness most
favorably affected by the crisisimproved 8 places since last
Impact
China
Australia
SLIGHTLY
POSITIVE
India
49 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Canada
Norway
Hong Kong SAR
11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Singapore
6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
54 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Indonesia
28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Saudi Arabia
5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Denmark
12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Taiwan, China
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Netherlands
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Switzerland
SLIGHTLY NEGATIVE
Korea, Rep.
Sweden
Egypt
Turkey
United Arab Emirates
South Africa
19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
74 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
61 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
45 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Austria
18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Belgium
16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
France
7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Germany
60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mexico
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
United States
46 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Poland
48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Italy
58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Hungary
NEGATIVE
Russian Federation
United Kingdom
Argentina
Japan
63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
85 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
113 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Venezuela
33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Spain
26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Iceland
Note:
Change
56 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Brazil
Finland
10
Rank
NONE
indicates that there has been no change since last year; indicates a positive change; indicates a negative change.
(Contd.)
Country/Economy
Austria
Belgium
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Hungary
Iceland
Italy
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Russia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
Argentina
Brazil
Canada
Mexico
United States
Venezuela
Australia
China
Hong Kong SAR
India
Indonesia
Japan
Korea, Rep.
Singapore
Taiwan, China
Egypt
Saudi Arabia
South Africa
United Arab Emirates
Business
Macro-
economists
economists
Difference
2.83
3.00
3.43
3.71
3.13
3.13
2.29
1.57
2.63
3.63
4.00
2.57
2.56
2.00
3.00
3.43
3.00
2.50
2.25
4.50
3.88
2.56
2.89
2.50
4.38
4.33
4.00
4.50
3.43
2.29
3.43
3.86
3.57
3.17
3.33
3.33
3.00
3.57
3.43
3.71
3.57
3.29
3.29
3.29
2.43
3.00
3.43
4.00
3.43
3.00
2.71
3.71
3.43
3.57
3.00
3.33
4.33
4.33
3.83
3.29
2.83
4.14
4.29
4.00
4.29
3.86
3.14
3.43
4.00
3.57
3.50
3.83
3.17
3.67
0.74
0.43
0.29
0.14
0.16
0.16
1.00
0.86
0.38
0.20
0.00
0.86
0.44
0.71
0.71
0.00
0.57
0.50
1.08
0.17
0.46
1.28
0.40
0.33
0.23
0.05
0.00
0.21
0.43
0.86
0.00
0.14
0.00
0.33
0.50
0.17
0.67
Notes
< 2,000
2,0003,000
3,0009,000
9,00017,000
> 17,000
11
12
Transition from 1 to 2
Stage 2
Transition from 2 to 3
Stage 3
Bangladesh
Benin
Bolivia
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Chad
Cte dIvoire
Ethiopia
Gambia, The
Ghana
Guyana
Honduras
India
Kenya
Kyrgyz Republic
Lesotho
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mongolia
Mozambique
Nepal
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Pakistan
Philippines
Senegal
Sri Lanka
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Timor-Leste
Uganda
Vietnam
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Algeria
Azerbaijan
Botswana
Brunei Darussalam
Egypt
Georgia
Guatemala
Indonesia
Jamaica
Kazakhstan
Kuwait
Libya
Morocco
Paraguay
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
Venezuela
Albania
Argentina
Armenia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Brazil
Bulgaria
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Jordan
Macedonia, FYR
Malaysia
Mauritius
Montenegro
Namibia
Panama
Peru
Serbia
South Africa
Suriname
Thailand
Tunisia
Ukraine
Bahrain
Barbados
Chile
Croatia
Hungary
Latvia
Lithuania
Mexico
Oman
Poland
Romania
Russian Federation
Turkey
Uruguay
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hong Kong SAR
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea, Rep.
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan, China
Trinidad and Tobago
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Country coverage
One country covered last year, Moldova, is not covered
this year because of a lack of Survey data.This has led
to a decrease in country coverage to a total of 133
economies this year.
Top 10
The GCI results for the top 10 countries show a measurable decline in average score since last year, dropping
from 5.51 out of a possible maximum score of 7 last
year to 5.45 this year. In other words, it appears that in
GCI 20092010
Country/Economy
Switzerland
United States
Singapore
Sweden
Denmark
Finland
Germany
Japan
Canada
Netherlands
Hong Kong SAR
Taiwan, China
United Kingdom
Norway
Australia
France
Austria
Belgium
Korea, Rep.
New Zealand
Luxembourg
Qatar
United Arab Emirates
Malaysia
Ireland
Iceland
Israel
Saudi Arabia
China
Chile
Czech Republic
Brunei Darussalam
Spain
Cyprus
Estonia
Thailand
Slovenia
Bahrain
Kuwait
Tunisia
Oman
Puerto Rico
Portugal
Barbados
South Africa
Poland
Slovak Republic
Italy
India
Jordan
Azerbaijan
Malta
Lithuania
Indonesia
Costa Rica
Brazil
Mauritius
Hungary
Panama
Mexico
Turkey
Montenegro
Russian Federation
Romania
Uruguay
Botswana
Kazakhstan
Latvia
Rank
Score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
5.60
5.59
5.55
5.51
5.46
5.43
5.37
5.37
5.33
5.32
5.22
5.20
5.19
5.17
5.15
5.13
5.13
5.09
5.00
4.98
4.96
4.95
4.92
4.87
4.84
4.80
4.80
4.75
4.74
4.70
4.67
4.64
4.59
4.57
4.56
4.56
4.55
4.54
4.53
4.50
4.49
4.48
4.40
4.35
4.34
4.33
4.31
4.31
4.30
4.30
4.30
4.30
4.30
4.26
4.25
4.23
4.22
4.22
4.21
4.19
4.16
4.16
4.15
4.11
4.10
4.08
4.08
4.06
GCI 20082009
GCI 20092010
Rank*
Country/Economy
Rank
2
1
5
4
3
6
7
9
10
8
11
17
12
15
18
16
14
19
13
24
25
26
31
21
22
20
23
27
30
28
33
39
29
40
32
34
42
37
35
36
38
41
43
47
45
53
46
49
50
48
69
52
44
55
59
64
57
62
58
60
63
65
51
68
75
56
66
54
Colombia
Egypt
Greece
Croatia
Morocco
Namibia
Vietnam
Bulgaria
El Salvador
Peru
Sri Lanka
Guatemala
Gambia, The
Ukraine
Algeria
Macedonia, FYR
Argentina
Trinidad and Tobago
Philippines
Libya
Honduras
Georgia
Jamaica
Senegal
Serbia
Syria
Dominican Republic
Albania
Armenia
Kenya
Nigeria
Tanzania
Pakistan
Suriname
Benin
Guyana
Ecuador
Bangladesh
Lesotho
Uganda
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Cambodia
Cameroon
Zambia
Venezuela
Ghana
Nicaragua
Cte dIvoire
Mongolia
Ethiopia
Malawi
Bolivia
Madagascar
Tajikistan
Kyrgyz Republic
Paraguay
Nepal
Timor-Leste
Mauritania
Burkina Faso
Mozambique
Mali
Chad
Zimbabwe
Burundi
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Score
4.05
4.04
4.04
4.03
4.03
4.03
4.03
4.02
4.02
4.01
4.01
3.96
3.96
3.95
3.95
3.95
3.91
3.91
3.90
3.90
3.86
3.81
3.81
3.78
3.77
3.76
3.75
3.72
3.71
3.67
3.65
3.59
3.58
3.57
3.56
3.56
3.56
3.55
3.54
3.53
3.53
3.51
3.50
3.50
3.48
3.45
3.44
3.43
3.43
3.43
3.42
3.42
3.42
3.38
3.36
3.35
3.34
3.26
3.25
3.23
3.22
3.22
2.87
2.77
2.58
GCI 20082009
Rank*
74
81
67
61
73
80
70
76
79
83
77
84
87
72
99
89
88
92
71
91
82
90
86
96
85
78
98
108
97
93
94
113
101
103
106
115
104
111
123
128
107
109
114
112
105
102
120
110
100
121
119
118
125
116
122
124
126
129
131
127
130
117
134
133
132
*The 20082009 rank is out of 134 countries. One country covered last year,
Moldova, had to be excluded this year for lack of Survey data.
(Contd.)
Table 4: The Global Competitiveness Index 20092010 rankings and 20082009 comparisons
13
14
Switzerland
United States
Singapore
Sweden
Denmark
Finland
Germany
Japan
Canada
Netherlands
Hong Kong SAR
Taiwan, China
United Kingdom
Norway
Australia
France
Austria
Belgium
Korea, Rep.
New Zealand
Luxembourg
Qatar
United Arab Emirates
Malaysia
Ireland
Iceland
Israel
Saudi Arabia
China
Chile
Czech Republic
Brunei Darussalam
Spain
Cyprus
Estonia
Thailand
Slovenia
Bahrain
Kuwait
Tunisia
Oman
Puerto Rico
Portugal
Barbados
South Africa
Poland
Slovak Republic
Italy
India
Jordan
Azerbaijan
Malta
Lithuania
Indonesia
Costa Rica
Brazil
Mauritius
Hungary
Panama
Mexico
Turkey
Montenegro
Russian Federation
Romania
Uruguay
Botswana
Kazakhstan
Basic requirements
Efficiency enhancers
Innovation factors
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
5.60
5.59
5.55
5.51
5.46
5.43
5.37
5.37
5.33
5.32
5.22
5.20
5.19
5.17
5.15
5.13
5.13
5.09
5.00
4.98
4.96
4.95
4.92
4.87
4.84
4.80
4.80
4.75
4.74
4.70
4.67
4.64
4.59
4.57
4.56
4.56
4.55
4.54
4.53
4.50
4.49
4.48
4.40
4.35
4.34
4.33
4.31
4.31
4.30
4.30
4.30
4.30
4.30
4.26
4.25
4.23
4.22
4.22
4.21
4.19
4.16
4.16
4.15
4.11
4.10
4.08
4.08
3
28
2
5
4
1
8
27
10
12
6
18
26
11
14
15
13
20
23
16
7
17
9
33
37
24
42
30
36
32
45
19
38
21
34
43
29
22
40
35
25
44
39
31
77
71
54
67
79
46
50
41
47
70
62
91
51
58
55
59
69
65
64
86
49
63
74
5.98
5.23
5.99
5.96
5.98
6.04
5.85
5.27
5.74
5.71
5.90
5.47
5.29
5.73
5.63
5.60
5.70
5.43
5.40
5.58
5.85
5.57
5.75
5.12
5.06
5.36
4.88
5.17
5.09
5.14
4.78
5.44
5.06
5.43
5.10
4.86
5.18
5.41
5.02
5.09
5.30
4.84
5.05
5.16
4.26
4.30
4.61
4.38
4.18
4.74
4.63
4.97
4.68
4.30
4.44
4.04
4.63
4.48
4.54
4.47
4.34
4.43
4.43
4.10
4.64
4.43
4.27
3
1
2
7
6
12
14
11
4
10
5
17
8
13
9
16
19
18
20
15
23
28
21
25
22
30
26
38
32
33
24
76
29
41
27
40
37
44
63
56
53
36
43
60
39
31
34
46
35
66
71
48
47
50
58
42
72
45
70
55
54
65
52
49
82
87
69
5.39
5.66
5.61
5.31
5.36
5.17
5.12
5.21
5.39
5.26
5.37
5.06
5.31
5.14
5.29
5.08
4.98
5.04
4.92
5.11
4.84
4.67
4.89
4.76
4.87
4.64
4.72
4.49
4.56
4.55
4.78
3.94
4.66
4.45
4.69
4.46
4.49
4.39
4.08
4.14
4.18
4.50
4.40
4.11
4.47
4.56
4.55
4.37
4.52
4.06
4.03
4.31
4.33
4.24
4.13
4.41
4.01
4.38
4.04
4.15
4.16
4.06
4.20
4.25
3.86
3.77
4.04
3
1
10
4
7
6
5
2
12
9
23
8
14
18
21
15
11
13
16
27
22
36
25
24
20
19
17
33
29
43
26
81
35
32
42
47
30
60
64
45
52
31
41
49
39
46
57
34
28
51
56
48
53
40
37
38
65
61
54
67
58
68
73
75
77
92
78
5.68
5.71
5.15
5.53
5.28
5.47
5.47
5.70
4.96
5.17
4.53
5.25
4.92
4.83
4.61
4.90
5.00
4.95
4.88
4.37
4.58
4.10
4.41
4.43
4.63
4.70
4.87
4.15
4.23
3.96
4.40
3.42
4.14
4.18
3.98
3.83
4.23
3.69
3.62
3.94
3.75
4.21
3.98
3.81
4.05
3.84
3.71
4.15
4.24
3.79
3.71
3.83
3.75
4.03
4.08
4.08
3.59
3.67
3.73
3.57
3.70
3.56
3.47
3.44
3.44
3.25
3.43
(Contd.)
SUBINDEXES
OVERALL INDEX
Country/Economy
Latvia
Colombia
Egypt
Greece
Croatia
Morocco
Namibia
Vietnam
Bulgaria
El Salvador
Peru
Sri Lanka
Guatemala
Gambia, The
Ukraine
Algeria
Macedonia, FYR
Argentina
Trinidad and Tobago
Philippines
Libya
Honduras
Georgia
Jamaica
Senegal
Serbia
Syria
Dominican Republic
Albania
Armenia
Kenya
Nigeria
Tanzania
Pakistan
Suriname
Benin
Guyana
Ecuador
Bangladesh
Lesotho
Uganda
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Cambodia
Cameroon
Zambia
Venezuela
Ghana
Nicaragua
Cte dIvoire
Mongolia
Ethiopia
Malawi
Bolivia
Madagascar
Tajikistan
Kyrgyz Republic
Paraguay
Nepal
Timor-Leste
Mauritania
Burkina Faso
Mozambique
Mali
Chad
Zimbabwe
Burundi
Basic requirements
Efficiency enhancers
Innovation factors
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
4.06
4.05
4.04
4.04
4.03
4.03
4.03
4.03
4.02
4.02
4.01
4.01
3.96
3.96
3.95
3.95
3.95
3.91
3.91
3.90
3.90
3.86
3.81
3.81
3.78
3.77
3.76
3.75
3.72
3.71
3.67
3.65
3.59
3.58
3.57
3.56
3.56
3.56
3.55
3.54
3.53
3.53
3.51
3.50
3.50
3.48
3.45
3.44
3.43
3.43
3.43
3.42
3.42
3.42
3.38
3.36
3.35
3.34
3.26
3.25
3.23
3.22
3.22
2.87
2.77
2.58
60
83
78
56
52
57
53
92
80
66
88
89
82
76
94
61
73
84
48
95
68
87
85
101
96
97
72
98
90
81
120
118
103
114
75
99
105
93
108
102
110
100
112
107
117
104
127
113
121
123
111
124
106
115
116
126
122
119
109
125
130
129
128
131
132
133
4.45
4.12
4.21
4.49
4.62
4.49
4.61
4.02
4.13
4.39
4.06
4.05
4.13
4.26
3.96
4.44
4.27
4.11
4.67
3.94
4.38
4.10
4.10
3.74
3.93
3.90
4.30
3.82
4.04
4.13
3.49
3.51
3.71
3.53
4.26
3.78
3.69
4.00
3.60
3.71
3.58
3.74
3.55
3.68
3.51
3.70
3.40
3.54
3.49
3.48
3.56
3.43
3.68
3.52
3.51
3.40
3.49
3.50
3.60
3.43
3.25
3.26
3.30
2.92
2.71
2.49
51
64
80
57
67
91
90
61
62
83
59
74
81
101
68
117
85
84
79
78
110
95
89
73
96
86
112
88
93
99
75
77
104
92
126
121
107
113
97
116
102
100
103
119
98
108
94
114
109
106
120
105
128
118
123
111
115
125
132
129
122
124
127
131
130
133
4.21
4.07
3.87
4.13
4.05
3.71
3.72
4.08
4.08
3.85
4.11
3.95
3.86
3.49
4.05
3.29
3.83
3.84
3.90
3.91
3.36
3.54
3.73
3.95
3.54
3.77
3.35
3.77
3.63
3.51
3.94
3.91
3.45
3.69
3.14
3.25
3.40
3.34
3.54
3.31
3.49
3.50
3.49
3.27
3.52
3.38
3.58
3.32
3.38
3.42
3.26
3.43
3.08
3.28
3.22
3.36
3.32
3.15
2.78
3.01
3.22
3.19
3.09
2.81
2.87
2.68
86
62
71
66
72
88
91
55
89
87
85
44
63
69
80
122
93
76
79
74
111
96
117
83
59
94
100
82
121
112
50
70
95
84
118
104
110
123
114
101
103
127
107
106
90
130
108
116
98
120
115
97
133
99
109
128
131
129
132
125
105
113
102
126
124
119
3.36
3.67
3.51
3.59
3.49
3.35
3.26
3.72
3.29
3.36
3.37
3.95
3.66
3.55
3.42
2.88
3.23
3.44
3.42
3.45
3.04
3.21
2.94
3.39
3.69
3.21
3.17
3.41
2.90
3.03
3.80
3.53
3.21
3.39
2.94
3.12
3.06
2.88
3.00
3.16
3.14
2.80
3.08
3.11
3.26
2.76
3.08
2.96
3.20
2.93
2.98
3.21
2.63
3.20
3.06
2.80
2.70
2.77
2.68
2.83
3.12
3.00
3.14
2.81
2.86
2.94
15
16
Albania
Algeria
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belgium
Benin
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei Darussalam
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cte dIvoire
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
France
Gambia, The
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Hong Kong SAR
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Korea, Rep.
Kuwait
Kyrgyz Republic
Latvia
Lesotho
1. Institutions
2. Infrastructure
3. Macroeconomic
stability
4. Health and
primary education
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
90
61
84
81
14
13
50
22
108
31
20
99
106
100
63
91
19
80
130
133
112
107
10
131
32
36
83
62
121
52
21
45
4
98
93
78
66
34
111
1
15
76
85
8
127
56
82
105
87
6
58
24
79
70
37
42
67
101
27
46
74
120
23
40
126
60
102
4.04
4.44
4.11
4.13
5.63
5.70
4.63
5.41
3.60
5.16
5.43
3.78
3.68
3.74
4.43
4.04
5.44
4.13
3.25
2.49
3.55
3.68
5.74
2.92
5.14
5.09
4.12
4.44
3.49
4.62
5.43
4.78
5.98
3.82
4.00
4.21
4.39
5.10
3.56
6.04
5.60
4.26
4.10
5.85
3.40
4.49
4.13
3.69
4.10
5.90
4.48
5.36
4.18
4.30
5.06
4.88
4.38
3.74
5.27
4.74
4.27
3.49
5.40
5.02
3.40
4.45
3.71
87
115
126
95
12
14
55
30
122
20
24
79
132
128
29
93
36
116
71
129
92
112
17
131
35
48
101
47
127
85
22
62
3
117
125
56
91
31
75
4
26
27
72
16
68
70
108
103
99
11
76
13
54
58
19
39
97
82
28
25
86
107
53
51
124
65
89
3.62
3.20
2.94
3.49
5.60
5.55
4.15
4.88
3.09
5.18
4.98
3.72
2.50
2.89
4.89
3.50
4.78
3.19
3.82
2.75
3.51
3.24
5.50
2.71
4.78
4.39
3.37
4.42
2.91
3.65
5.03
3.93
6.08
3.19
2.97
4.13
3.52
4.85
3.78
6.05
4.95
4.91
3.82
5.50
3.87
3.83
3.26
3.32
3.37
5.62
3.77
5.58
4.21
4.00
5.21
4.64
3.44
3.70
4.90
4.97
3.64
3.27
4.23
4.31
2.98
3.91
3.54
104
99
88
81
25
9
58
27
126
21
18
117
122
128
61
74
41
102
115
125
95
121
7
133
30
46
83
82
73
49
24
48
12
85
100
55
51
34
96
10
3
60
72
1
87
47
68
91
77
2
57
11
76
84
52
44
59
67
13
42
75
92
17
50
124
56
114
2.84
2.91
3.11
3.25
5.19
5.89
4.03
4.96
2.39
5.37
5.58
2.58
2.47
2.18
3.93
3.50
4.55
2.88
2.60
2.41
2.94
2.49
5.93
1.90
4.93
4.31
3.20
3.24
3.54
4.26
5.22
4.27
5.83
3.16
2.91
4.07
4.20
4.67
2.94
5.87
6.52
3.95
3.60
6.59
3.14
4.31
3.78
3.03
3.39
6.54
4.04
5.85
3.47
3.20
4.19
4.42
3.99
3.84
5.83
4.45
3.49
3.01
5.60
4.23
2.41
4.04
2.62
95
2
48
53
18
37
27
5
84
115
56
54
60
69
41
109
1
45
118
132
122
34
31
82
19
8
72
101
89
50
39
43
14
94
44
120
61
47
116
12
58
92
117
30
129
103
88
127
85
16
83
119
96
52
65
67
102
131
97
105
59
121
11
3
125
99
29
4.24
6.39
4.87
4.78
5.56
5.22
5.30
5.97
4.45
3.80
4.74
4.77
4.70
4.61
5.06
3.93
6.64
4.93
3.60
1.05
3.40
5.24
5.24
4.50
5.48
5.93
4.59
4.11
4.43
4.83
5.15
4.99
5.71
4.28
4.99
3.46
4.68
4.90
3.76
5.78
4.72
4.32
3.73
5.28
2.68
4.02
4.43
3.00
4.44
5.67
4.50
3.57
4.23
4.82
4.63
4.62
4.11
2.25
4.22
3.97
4.71
3.43
5.80
6.23
3.25
4.20
5.29
66
77
59
97
16
18
96
37
105
9
3
111
94
75
118
79
42
58
130
121
107
122
7
133
69
45
72
29
128
44
5
33
6
103
89
84
86
28
120
1
11
117
78
24
115
41
95
67
85
43
53
2
101
82
10
39
26
88
19
57
80
110
27
73
98
50
127
5.48
5.28
5.54
5.00
6.18
6.14
5.04
5.83
4.49
6.28
6.43
4.06
5.05
5.29
3.85
5.24
5.78
5.54
2.97
3.74
4.36
3.74
6.30
2.55
5.38
5.72
5.34
5.97
3.08
5.72
6.32
5.94
6.31
4.65
5.14
5.20
5.17
5.98
3.78
6.46
6.22
3.86
5.26
6.01
3.93
5.81
5.04
5.41
5.18
5.76
5.59
6.45
4.82
5.20
6.23
5.82
5.99
5.14
6.13
5.56
5.22
4.26
5.99
5.33
4.98
5.66
3.37
(Contd.)
PILLARS
BASIC REQUIREMENTS
Country/Economy
Libya
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia, FYR
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Mali
Malta
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nepal
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Romania
Russian Federation
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sri Lanka
Suriname
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Taiwan, China
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Zambia
Zimbabwe
1. Institutions
2. Infrastructure
3. Macroeconomic
stability
4. Health and
primary education
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
68
47
7
73
115
124
33
128
41
125
51
59
123
65
57
129
53
119
12
16
113
118
11
25
114
55
122
88
95
71
39
44
17
86
64
30
96
97
2
54
29
77
38
89
75
5
3
72
18
116
103
43
109
48
35
69
110
94
9
26
28
49
104
92
117
132
4.38
4.68
5.85
4.27
3.52
3.43
5.12
3.30
4.97
3.43
4.63
4.47
3.48
4.43
4.49
3.26
4.61
3.50
5.71
5.58
3.54
3.51
5.73
5.30
3.53
4.54
3.49
4.06
3.94
4.30
5.05
4.84
5.57
4.10
4.43
5.17
3.93
3.90
5.99
4.61
5.18
4.26
5.06
4.05
4.26
5.96
5.98
4.30
5.47
3.51
3.71
4.86
3.60
4.67
5.09
4.34
3.58
3.96
5.75
5.29
5.23
4.64
3.70
4.02
3.51
2.71
67
59
6
83
111
50
43
88
33
100
41
98
121
52
64
105
37
123
10
5
119
102
7
18
104
69
130
90
113
66
44
42
9
84
114
32
77
110
1
78
46
45
49
73
94
2
8
57
37
81
74
60
109
80
23
96
106
120
15
21
34
40
133
63
61
118
3.88
4.00
5.88
3.69
3.24
4.32
4.53
3.55
4.82
3.37
4.59
3.40
3.09
4.28
3.92
3.30
4.77
3.07
5.66
6.03
3.12
3.34
5.88
5.38
3.31
3.85
2.71
3.52
3.24
3.90
4.49
4.58
5.69
3.68
3.23
4.84
3.75
3.24
6.15
3.74
4.47
4.47
4.38
3.80
3.50
6.10
5.85
4.04
4.73
3.71
3.80
3.98
3.24
3.72
5.02
3.49
3.29
3.10
5.52
5.07
4.81
4.60
2.39
3.93
3.94
3.14
105
43
19
90
113
112
26
108
38
118
53
69
132
93
70
116
32
131
15
35
120
127
28
29
89
65
129
97
98
103
23
33
39
110
71
36
80
107
4
63
31
45
22
64
86
14
5
79
16
109
123
40
130
54
37
62
119
78
6
20
8
66
106
94
111
101
2.83
4.44
5.56
3.05
2.63
2.63
5.05
2.73
4.60
2.57
4.16
3.69
1.98
3.00
3.62
2.59
4.77
2.03
5.74
4.64
2.52
2.29
4.95
4.93
3.06
3.88
2.13
2.91
2.91
2.88
5.23
4.69
4.58
2.67
3.62
4.63
3.25
2.75
6.35
3.89
4.84
4.33
5.36
3.88
3.15
5.82
6.35
3.28
5.60
2.73
2.45
4.57
2.04
4.09
4.62
3.92
2.54
3.39
5.98
5.43
5.92
3.86
2.80
3.00
2.63
2.89
4
57
6
49
123
126
42
110
81
113
98
28
108
70
32
100
66
86
38
33
124
20
7
10
114
46
107
63
76
74
79
87
13
75
36
9
90
111
35
40
26
68
62
128
51
15
17
80
25
130
77
22
21
23
55
64
73
106
24
71
93
78
91
112
104
133
6.19
4.72
5.95
4.84
3.38
3.17
5.00
3.91
4.52
3.84
4.21
5.29
3.95
4.61
5.24
4.18
4.62
4.44
5.21
5.24
3.33
5.43
5.94
5.82
3.81
4.92
3.95
4.66
4.54
4.56
4.52
4.44
5.73
4.55
5.24
5.86
4.39
3.88
5.24
5.14
5.32
4.62
4.68
2.83
4.82
5.70
5.63
4.52
5.34
2.63
4.54
5.37
5.41
5.35
4.77
4.66
4.59
3.96
5.35
4.60
4.31
4.53
4.38
3.86
4.00
1.00
104
55
25
60
102
124
34
129
32
114
56
65
100
40
87
131
109
106
14
4
83
132
17
92
113
64
90
91
93
35
31
49
8
63
51
71
108
46
13
48
22
125
38
47
54
12
21
70
15
99
112
61
123
62
30
74
116
68
20
23
36
52
81
76
126
119
4.61
5.57
6.01
5.52
4.82
3.61
5.90
2.99
5.94
3.95
5.56
5.48
4.91
5.81
5.17
2.97
4.28
4.45
6.22
6.43
5.20
2.96
6.16
5.08
3.95
5.50
5.14
5.14
5.07
5.88
5.95
5.67
6.30
5.50
5.65
5.37
4.33
5.71
6.22
5.68
6.10
3.60
5.82
5.69
5.58
6.22
6.10
5.38
6.20
4.97
4.03
5.52
3.69
5.50
5.95
5.32
3.93
5.41
6.13
6.07
5.88
5.60
5.22
5.28
3.44
3.80
17
18
Albania
Algeria
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belgium
Benin
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei Darussalam
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cte dIvoire
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
France
Gambia, The
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Hong Kong SAR
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Korea, Rep.
Kuwait
Kyrgyz Republic
Latvia
Lesotho
5. Higher education
and training
6. Goods market
efficiency
7. Labor market
efficiency
8. Financial market
sophistication
9. Technological
readiness
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
93
117
84
99
9
19
71
44
97
60
18
121
128
100
87
42
76
62
122
133
103
119
4
131
33
32
64
58
109
67
41
24
6
88
113
80
83
27
120
12
16
101
89
14
94
57
81
107
95
5
45
30
35
50
22
26
46
73
11
66
69
75
20
63
111
51
116
3.63
3.29
3.84
3.51
5.29
4.98
4.03
4.39
3.54
4.11
5.04
3.25
3.08
3.50
3.77
4.41
3.94
4.08
3.22
2.68
3.49
3.27
5.39
2.81
4.55
4.56
4.07
4.13
3.38
4.05
4.45
4.78
5.36
3.77
3.34
3.87
3.85
4.69
3.26
5.17
5.08
3.49
3.73
5.12
3.58
4.13
3.86
3.40
3.54
5.37
4.38
4.64
4.52
4.24
4.87
4.72
4.37
3.95
5.21
4.06
4.04
3.94
4.92
4.08
3.36
4.21
3.31
90
102
55
96
14
17
72
48
129
26
8
115
93
86
94
58
62
60
127
131
122
119
9
133
45
61
71
44
112
56
28
24
2
89
103
88
95
21
125
1
15
100
84
22
108
43
101
78
106
31
35
4
66
69
20
36
49
77
23
42
59
85
16
82
87
34
105
3.55
3.30
4.20
3.46
5.33
5.19
3.88
4.37
2.57
4.91
5.52
2.97
3.51
3.68
3.51
4.14
4.06
4.11
2.62
2.51
2.78
2.82
5.50
2.23
4.40
4.09
3.89
4.42
3.13
4.20
4.81
5.05
5.90
3.56
3.25
3.62
3.48
5.11
2.67
5.97
5.30
3.36
3.70
5.07
3.20
4.43
3.34
3.81
3.22
4.74
4.63
5.65
3.96
3.91
5.12
4.60
4.35
3.83
5.06
4.45
4.13
3.69
5.24
3.72
3.64
4.66
3.23
97
126
124
116
9
11
71
22
102
72
13
103
131
125
79
99
100
81
98
129
85
118
16
133
26
42
88
47
115
94
24
27
7
89
127
87
50
28
106
19
25
60
74
18
91
75
52
96
80
2
64
31
48
41
15
49
65
69
17
43
84
73
36
63
120
57
82
3.89
3.36
3.47
3.65
5.20
5.14
4.16
4.96
3.82
4.12
5.11
3.82
3.03
3.37
4.05
3.87
3.87
4.02
3.88
3.21
4.00
3.63
5.08
2.88
4.83
4.47
3.98
4.42
3.67
3.92
4.87
4.82
5.21
3.98
3.32
3.99
4.40
4.81
3.77
4.98
4.86
4.25
4.09
5.01
3.94
4.09
4.34
3.91
4.03
5.54
4.22
4.72
4.42
4.49
5.09
4.40
4.22
4.18
5.06
4.46
4.00
4.09
4.64
4.24
3.61
4.29
4.01
65
127
123
47
9
34
13
35
112
48
44
87
131
94
58
80
10
54
60
101
52
104
7
102
41
32
78
36
105
92
46
20
5
73
130
126
68
21
69
23
67
26
17
70
100
116
88
99
121
4
63
6
83
75
22
28
117
72
12
106
18
40
84
59
76
37
64
4.41
3.45
3.59
4.61
5.20
4.71
5.07
4.71
3.89
4.58
4.66
4.18
3.15
4.10
4.47
4.27
5.17
4.51
4.45
4.05
4.53
4.03
5.40
4.05
4.69
4.74
4.29
4.71
4.00
4.12
4.62
4.88
5.53
4.32
3.26
3.46
4.36
4.86
4.34
4.85
4.39
4.82
4.94
4.33
4.06
3.80
4.17
4.06
3.65
5.59
4.43
5.43
4.23
4.30
4.86
4.78
3.74
4.33
5.10
3.97
4.93
4.69
4.22
4.47
4.30
4.70
4.41
90
132
116
97
4
27
66
30
71
38
25
108
121
104
47
51
68
76
117
133
94
120
11
131
32
81
78
79
113
77
18
42
8
105
114
84
70
29
127
7
21
91
95
36
59
83
67
101
89
1
69
85
16
61
45
15
100
46
40
52
111
37
58
63
109
60
102
3.93
2.79
3.37
3.79
5.51
4.85
4.23
4.78
4.18
4.67
4.86
3.53
3.20
3.66
4.53
4.47
4.21
4.09
3.31
2.68
3.85
3.24
5.25
2.79
4.72
4.05
4.09
4.08
3.43
4.09
5.00
4.64
5.31
3.64
3.41
4.01
4.18
4.82
3.05
5.33
4.95
3.92
3.84
4.68
4.35
4.02
4.23
3.72
3.94
5.95
4.20
3.99
5.10
4.30
4.60
5.14
3.76
4.58
4.65
4.45
3.48
4.67
4.36
4.25
3.53
4.32
3.71
89
123
68
105
20
19
75
35
125
41
22
117
128
95
92
46
60
56
122
129
113
111
11
127
42
79
66
62
97
43
38
30
4
72
102
82
81
16
131
10
24
90
100
12
112
53
70
94
93
9
40
14
83
88
21
26
39
50
25
61
69
96
15
49
124
47
116
3.19
2.56
3.54
2.86
5.39
5.39
3.41
4.57
2.45
4.44
5.26
2.63
2.34
3.00
3.16
4.06
3.77
3.82
2.56
2.31
2.66
2.68
5.63
2.39
4.28
3.38
3.57
3.72
2.95
4.22
4.50
4.75
5.92
3.47
2.90
3.35
3.36
5.49
2.29
5.64
5.24
3.18
2.92
5.63
2.68
3.86
3.53
3.12
3.13
5.68
4.44
5.57
3.33
3.20
5.27
5.11
4.50
3.90
5.23
3.75
3.53
2.99
5.50
3.94
2.50
4.00
2.64
10. Market
size
Rank Score
106
51
23
109
19
33
78
97
48
126
25
122
87
90
98
10
115
58
119
132
92
89
14
116
44
2
31
77
95
65
99
40
49
68
60
26
80
94
76
53
8
131
101
5
86
34
71
129
84
27
45
120
4
16
52
50
9
100
3
82
55
74
12
61
112
83
127
2.82
4.27
4.87
2.69
5.10
4.62
3.39
2.95
4.32
1.92
4.83
2.40
3.24
3.19
2.93
5.63
2.56
3.94
2.50
1.32
3.10
3.19
5.47
2.54
4.39
6.63
4.63
3.41
3.07
3.76
2.92
4.51
4.32
3.64
3.87
4.81
3.32
3.08
3.44
4.23
5.78
1.41
2.89
6.02
3.25
4.59
3.57
1.78
3.26
4.73
4.35
2.49
6.07
5.21
4.26
4.28
5.67
2.90
6.17
3.27
4.17
3.50
5.56
3.84
2.61
3.27
1.85
(Contd.)
PILLARS
EFFICIENCY
ENHANCERS
Country/Economy
Libya
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia, FYR
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Mali
Malta
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nepal
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Romania
Russian Federation
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sri Lanka
Suriname
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Taiwan, China
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Zambia
Zimbabwe
5. Higher education
and training
6. Goods market
efficiency
7. Labor market
efficiency
8. Financial market
sophistication
9. Technological
readiness
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
110
47
23
85
118
105
25
127
48
129
72
55
106
65
91
124
90
125
10
15
114
77
13
53
92
70
115
59
78
31
43
36
28
49
52
38
96
86
2
34
37
39
29
74
126
7
3
112
17
123
104
40
132
79
56
54
102
68
21
8
1
82
108
61
98
130
3.36
4.33
4.84
3.83
3.28
3.43
4.76
3.09
4.31
3.01
4.01
4.15
3.42
4.06
3.71
3.19
3.72
3.15
5.26
5.11
3.32
3.91
5.14
4.18
3.69
4.04
3.32
4.11
3.91
4.56
4.40
4.50
4.67
4.25
4.20
4.49
3.54
3.77
5.61
4.55
4.49
4.47
4.66
3.95
3.14
5.31
5.39
3.35
5.06
3.22
3.45
4.46
2.78
3.90
4.14
4.16
3.49
4.05
4.89
5.31
5.66
3.86
3.38
4.08
3.52
2.87
75
30
39
70
117
120
41
126
37
132
79
74
91
57
99
130
110
124
10
11
109
113
12
67
118
80
121
81
68
27
38
40
25
52
51
53
98
76
5
47
19
65
33
64
97
3
6
104
13
107
128
54
116
63
32
73
123
46
29
18
7
50
83
92
114
111
3.84
4.76
4.51
3.90
2.88
2.78
4.49
2.66
4.59
2.41
3.79
3.86
3.55
4.19
3.40
2.54
3.18
2.69
5.49
5.49
3.19
3.03
5.48
3.93
2.86
3.76
2.78
3.75
3.92
4.82
4.58
4.50
4.93
4.30
4.30
4.29
3.41
3.83
5.62
4.37
5.16
4.00
4.69
4.01
3.43
5.76
5.60
3.24
5.43
3.21
2.58
4.27
2.89
4.05
4.70
3.88
2.76
4.38
4.80
5.17
5.57
4.31
3.71
3.54
2.97
3.16
119
59
3
76
93
86
30
113
40
111
37
90
107
58
68
121
77
117
6
8
110
62
23
33
83
54
105
66
95
53
51
34
21
61
108
29
55
112
1
32
38
35
46
45
123
4
5
101
14
122
104
44
128
92
39
56
114
109
10
20
12
78
132
67
70
130
3.61
4.26
5.38
4.07
3.92
3.99
4.77
3.69
4.53
3.70
4.62
3.97
3.75
4.27
4.19
3.59
4.07
3.64
5.24
5.20
3.72
4.24
4.95
4.66
4.00
4.33
3.78
4.21
3.92
4.34
4.39
4.66
4.96
4.24
3.75
4.79
4.31
3.70
5.77
4.67
4.60
4.65
4.45
4.45
3.51
5.27
5.24
3.83
5.10
3.57
3.79
4.46
3.30
3.93
4.57
4.30
3.68
3.74
5.19
4.97
5.13
4.06
2.88
4.20
4.17
3.08
132
45
42
86
66
55
31
114
93
95
74
115
39
53
129
109
57
122
27
11
96
61
15
33
124
89
118
77
113
50
103
51
14
79
43
71
110
85
1
29
56
90
97
111
108
19
2
128
24
62
82
25
91
81
98
120
30
49
16
8
3
119
133
38
107
125
3.11
4.64
4.67
4.18
4.41
4.48
4.74
3.84
4.11
4.08
4.32
3.82
4.69
4.52
3.42
3.94
4.48
3.61
4.81
5.12
4.08
4.44
4.99
4.73
3.52
4.16
3.74
4.30
3.89
4.54
4.04
4.53
5.04
4.29
4.67
4.33
3.93
4.18
5.91
4.78
4.48
4.15
4.08
3.93
3.95
4.91
5.78
3.43
4.85
4.43
4.24
4.83
4.15
4.27
4.07
3.65
4.76
4.57
4.96
5.22
5.76
3.72
2.91
4.70
3.96
3.47
122
72
9
75
125
55
6
124
13
129
26
73
115
17
96
118
31
99
23
3
107
57
10
43
64
22
103
39
93
44
62
19
35
56
119
53
110
92
2
28
48
5
50
65
112
12
14
123
54
128
74
49
130
34
87
80
86
106
33
24
20
88
126
82
41
98
3.14
4.16
5.31
4.10
3.06
4.40
5.38
3.08
5.16
2.97
4.86
4.12
3.38
5.01
3.81
3.29
4.74
3.76
4.90
5.69
3.55
4.37
5.29
4.63
4.25
4.95
3.68
4.66
3.85
4.61
4.26
4.97
4.69
4.40
3.27
4.44
3.52
3.87
5.91
4.82
4.49
5.43
4.47
4.25
3.48
5.17
5.15
3.10
4.40
2.99
4.10
4.49
2.83
4.70
3.97
4.06
3.98
3.56
4.72
4.87
4.96
3.96
3.06
4.05
4.65
3.79
98
36
5
52
114
126
37
110
27
106
57
71
107
45
76
99
86
132
2
23
119
101
7
64
104
59
103
77
84
48
31
34
28
58
74
44
87
78
6
33
32
65
29
85
115
1
3
108
18
121
120
63
133
67
55
54
118
80
17
8
13
51
91
73
109
130
2.94
4.54
5.91
3.87
2.66
2.44
4.51
2.70
5.07
2.81
3.80
3.53
2.79
4.15
3.41
2.92
3.26
2.21
6.02
5.24
2.62
2.91
5.81
3.69
2.87
3.79
2.88
3.39
3.32
3.97
4.73
4.57
4.81
3.79
3.45
4.18
3.22
3.38
5.90
4.61
4.67
3.69
4.77
3.28
2.65
6.15
6.01
2.75
5.43
2.57
2.61
3.71
2.19
3.55
3.82
3.83
2.62
3.37
5.44
5.79
5.61
3.88
3.16
3.45
2.74
2.29
10. Market
size
Rank Score
73
69
85
103
108
118
28
114
121
125
110
11
123
124
56
104
113
96
18
59
107
42
47
75
30
81
93
46
35
20
43
62
70
41
7
22
105
67
39
57
72
24
13
63
128
32
36
64
17
117
79
21
133
102
66
15
91
29
54
6
1
88
37
38
111
130
3.53
3.63
3.25
2.85
2.75
2.51
4.70
2.57
2.41
2.08
2.69
5.57
2.34
2.24
4.06
2.84
2.57
2.99
5.12
3.89
2.78
4.49
4.35
3.46
4.67
3.27
3.08
4.35
4.57
5.07
4.40
3.79
3.61
4.49
5.78
4.88
2.84
3.69
4.53
4.05
3.56
4.86
5.52
3.76
1.80
4.63
4.56
3.76
5.16
2.54
3.36
5.01
1.30
2.87
3.69
5.22
3.12
4.67
4.22
5.82
6.93
3.23
4.55
4.55
2.62
1.42
19
20
Albania
Algeria
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belgium
Benin
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei Darussalam
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cte dIvoire
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
France
Gambia, The
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Hong Kong SAR
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Korea, Rep.
Kuwait
Kyrgyz Republic
Latvia
Lesotho
PILLARS
11. Business
sophistication
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
121
122
76
112
21
11
56
60
114
49
13
104
133
127
92
38
81
89
105
119
107
106
12
126
43
29
62
37
98
72
32
26
7
82
123
71
87
42
115
6
15
69
117
5
108
66
63
110
96
23
61
19
28
40
20
17
34
83
2
51
78
50
16
64
128
86
101
2.90
2.88
3.44
3.03
4.61
5.00
3.71
3.69
3.00
3.81
4.95
3.12
2.63
2.80
3.25
4.08
3.42
3.29
3.12
2.94
3.08
3.11
4.96
2.81
3.96
4.23
3.67
4.08
3.20
3.49
4.18
4.40
5.28
3.41
2.88
3.51
3.36
3.98
2.98
5.47
4.90
3.55
2.94
5.47
3.08
3.59
3.66
3.06
3.21
4.53
3.67
4.70
4.24
4.03
4.63
4.87
4.15
3.39
5.70
3.79
3.43
3.80
4.88
3.62
2.80
3.36
3.16
109
128
73
112
26
7
74
61
100
58
11
114
131
117
107
32
77
89
123
119
101
106
17
129
39
38
60
41
92
84
31
25
8
71
105
72
63
48
118
9
10
67
113
2
98
66
47
94
87
15
76
23
27
40
18
30
20
79
1
49
88
59
21
50
127
82
104
3.37
3.13
3.94
3.35
4.79
5.54
3.90
4.15
3.47
4.20
5.28
3.32
3.04
3.29
3.41
4.64
3.84
3.68
3.23
3.27
3.45
3.42
5.12
3.06
4.52
4.54
4.17
4.48
3.63
3.76
4.67
4.80
5.51
3.98
3.42
3.98
4.07
4.31
3.28
5.40
5.30
4.03
3.33
5.82
3.52
4.04
4.32
3.60
3.72
5.19
3.89
4.85
4.76
4.49
4.97
4.67
4.92
3.82
5.89
4.30
3.70
4.18
4.91
4.29
3.21
3.79
3.43
INNOVATION AND
SOPHISTICATION
FACTORS
12.
Innovation
Rank Score
126
114
86
108
20
19
42
60
122
47
14
89
132
131
71
43
75
91
76
116
107
102
12
120
49
26
63
34
104
61
35
25
10
100
129
74
113
37
112
3
18
72
119
7
115
65
77
121
111
28
45
16
30
39
22
9
50
82
4
59
64
48
11
83
128
88
95
2.43
2.64
2.95
2.71
4.43
4.46
3.53
3.22
2.52
3.43
4.62
2.92
2.23
2.32
3.10
3.52
3.00
2.90
3.00
2.61
2.72
2.80
4.80
2.55
3.41
3.93
3.17
3.68
2.77
3.22
3.68
4.01
5.04
2.84
2.34
3.03
2.64
3.64
2.69
5.53
4.50
3.06
2.56
5.11
2.63
3.14
2.99
2.52
2.70
3.86
3.45
4.55
3.73
3.57
4.29
5.06
3.38
2.96
5.51
3.27
3.15
3.41
4.84
2.96
2.40
2.94
2.88
Country/Economy
Libya
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia, FYR
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Mali
Malta
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nepal
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Romania
Russian Federation
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sri Lanka
Suriname
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Taiwan, China
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Zambia
Zimbabwe
PILLARS
11. Business
sophistication
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
111
53
22
93
99
97
24
102
48
125
65
67
120
68
88
113
91
129
9
27
116
70
18
52
84
54
131
85
74
46
41
31
36
75
73
33
59
94
10
57
30
39
35
44
118
4
3
100
8
109
95
47
132
79
45
58
103
80
25
14
1
77
130
55
90
124
3.04
3.75
4.58
3.23
3.20
3.21
4.43
3.14
3.83
2.83
3.59
3.57
2.93
3.56
3.35
3.00
3.26
2.77
5.17
4.37
2.96
3.53
4.83
3.75
3.39
3.73
2.70
3.37
3.45
3.84
3.98
4.21
4.10
3.44
3.47
4.15
3.69
3.21
5.15
3.71
4.23
4.05
4.14
3.95
2.94
5.53
5.68
3.17
5.25
3.06
3.21
3.83
2.68
3.42
3.94
3.70
3.14
3.42
4.41
4.92
5.71
3.44
2.76
3.72
3.26
2.86
111
56
22
96
103
99
24
116
46
125
55
62
130
80
78
124
86
126
6
34
110
69
16
57
81
45
120
68
65
44
53
29
37
83
95
35
64
102
14
51
33
36
28
42
115
4
3
90
13
122
97
43
133
75
54
52
108
91
19
12
5
85
132
70
93
121
3.35
4.22
4.85
3.56
3.44
3.52
4.80
3.30
4.33
3.21
4.23
4.15
3.05
3.82
3.83
3.23
3.75
3.21
5.54
4.64
3.35
4.00
5.12
4.21
3.80
4.33
3.27
4.02
4.06
4.35
4.28
4.72
4.55
3.79
3.59
4.61
4.07
3.45
5.20
4.29
4.64
4.57
4.74
4.47
3.31
5.66
5.81
3.64
5.22
3.25
3.53
4.37
2.97
3.90
4.24
4.28
3.41
3.63
4.96
5.24
5.65
3.76
3.01
4.00
3.62
3.25
(Contd.)
12.
Innovation
Rank Score
106
58
21
92
84
94
24
81
53
125
85
78
101
56
96
105
103
130
13
23
117
73
17
55
79
66
133
109
99
52
33
31
36
70
51
32
54
80
8
68
29
41
40
46
118
5
2
110
6
97
93
57
127
87
38
69
98
62
27
15
1
67
123
44
90
124
2.73
3.28
4.31
2.89
2.95
2.89
4.06
2.97
3.33
2.46
2.95
2.99
2.80
3.29
2.88
2.76
2.78
2.34
4.79
4.10
2.57
3.06
4.53
3.30
2.98
3.12
2.14
2.71
2.84
3.33
3.69
3.70
3.65
3.10
3.35
3.70
3.31
2.98
5.09
3.12
3.83
3.54
3.55
3.43
2.57
5.39
5.56
2.71
5.28
2.87
2.89
3.29
2.40
2.95
3.64
3.11
2.86
3.21
3.87
4.60
5.77
3.12
2.51
3.45
2.91
2.48
21
22
high attainment rates of tertiary education, and excellent on-thejob training that fosters the ability of workers and businesses to
adapt rapidly to a changing environment. Further, the overall high
levels of sophistication of the business community (ranked 8th)
ensure that much of this innovation is translated into productive
business activity.
While strengths in the technological and market efficiency
areas explain the countrys overall high rank, the US economy
has increasingly suffered from weaknesses in other areas, and
this has pushed its GCI score downward this year. Most notably,
over the past few yearsand particularly this yearthere is a
much weaker assessment of the countrys financial markets,
including the soundness of banks, much in line with the evolving situation in the country and recent bank failures and
bailouts. Access to finance through various channels has
become measurably more difficult, and the assessment of bank
solvency has dropped from a rank of 40 last year all the way
down to 106th this year (on a par with countries such as Albania
and Mali).
Related to this issue, there is also a strong sense that
there has not been enough accountability among the countrys
private institutions, and that accounting and auditing standards
have not been up to scratch.
Macroeconomic imbalances also continue to afflict the
United States. Indeed, recent stimulus spending, while meant
to head off an even more protracted recession, is increasing
the debt burden that will be borne by future generations.
According to the latest estimates published by the International
Monetary Fund (IMF), the fiscal deficit in 2009 is projected
to exceed 13 percent of GDP, the ninth year in a row that the
federal budget will have shown a deficit. The IMF also projects
deficits at least through 2010, despite the governments pledges
to rein in spending after the crisis. In the meantime, the impact
of this deficit spending on public debt is alarming, with debt
rising sharply from 63 percent of GDP in 2000 to a projected 87
percent of GDP in 2009 and expected to continue to rise in
coming years. With the many long-term claims on the budget
such as defense, pensions, and other social payments (including
healthcare)the prospects for sustained fiscal adjustment do
not seem bright. It is clear that in order to ensure rising
prosperity for future generations, the United States must get
its macro house in order rapidly once the crisis subsides.
Europe
Since last year, several European countries have seen a
weakening of their performance. However, Europe continues to feature prominently among the most competitive
regions in the world. Six European countries are among
the top 10, and 12 are among the top 20, as follows:
Switzerland (1st), Sweden (4th), Denmark (5th), Finland
(6th), Germany (7th), the Netherlands (10th), the
United Kingdom (13th), Norway (14th), France (16th),
Austria (17th), Belgium (18th), and Luxembourg (21st).
After having fallen three positions in the last edition,
the United Kingdom loses another place to settle at
13th this year.The country benefits from clear strengths
23
24
Lithuania
10.0
Latvia
12.0
Estonia
10.0
Hungary
3.3
Poland
0.7
Czech Republic
3.5
Slovak Republic
2.1
Slovenia
2.7
Romania
4.7
Bulgaria
2.0
(Contd.)
25
26
access to loans (3.42 vs. 3.62). There is also scope for strengthening financial supervision in some countries, for example through
stricter capital requirements for weaker banks and putting in
place forward-looking provisioning measures for loan losses.9
Among other factors, physical infrastructure remains a
major weakness that, if adequately addressed, would significantly contribute to raising the competitive performance of
many of these countries. On average, the new EU members
achieve a score of 4.04 compared with 5.46 for the established
EU countries, with only air transport infrastructure performing
somewhat better. Also, many countries are transitioning toward
the most advanced stage of development, so that business
sophistication and innovative capacity, which remain far below
EU15 levels, will become increasingly more important in order
to sustain the productivity gains achieved over the past years.
On all these counts, advances will not only facilitate
recovery over the next few years, but will further solidify the
regions competitive position going into the future. But to do this,
countries must seize this opportunity to put their economies on
a more sustainable footing despite major short-term challenges.
Notes
1 The Economist 2009a and IMF 2009a.
2 For example, Latvia has experienced social unrest as a result of
the crisis.
3 Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Bulgaria have fixed exchange rates.
4 Combined with fixed exchange rates, this has led to inflation in
many countries.
5 See IMF 2009b for more details.
6 Measures implemented by some EU countries to support automotive industries had significant spillover effects on some countries
in the region such as Poland, Slovenia, and the Czech Republic.
7 See Drzeniek Hanouz et al. 2008.
8 Many Western European Banks acquired the newly privatized
banks in Eastern European countries.
9 See Cihk and Mitra 2009 for a discussion of financial sector
reform in the region. According to the GCI results, the soundness
of the banking sector is approximately at the level of Western
Europe; however, this is the result of the relatively more critical
assessment of this indicator in the EU15 in 2009.
GCI
20082009
GCI
20092010
Change
in rank
Brazil
64
56
China
30
29
India
50
49
Russian Federation
51
63
12
(Contd.)
27
Figure 1: Comparison of GCI scores for the four BRIC economies, and the 133 country sample average
Score
Box 4: The competitiveness of the BRICs amid the global economic crisis (contd.)
India
Russian Federation
Brazil
China
GCI average
12. Innovation
11. Business
sophistication
9. Technological
readiness
8. Financial market
sophistication
7. Labor market
efficiency
6. Goods market
efficiency
5. Higher education
and training
4. Health and
primary education
3. Macroeconomic
stability
2. Infrastructure
1. Institutions
28
Russia is less sheltered from price and demand shocks than the
others, given the structure of its output. The country not only
exports a large proportion of its GDP (although somewhat less
than China), but its exports also are dominated by oil and gas
(65 percent of total exports in 2007), which partly explains its
less positive performance vis--vis the external shocks caused
by the crisis. In contrast, Brazil, China, and India have benefited
from their more diversified production and export structures,
with companies operating higher on the value chain and successfully exporting value-added products to international markets. Indeed, as shown in the figure, Russia is the laggard in the
business sophistication pillar.
The difference in performance between Brazil, China, and
India on the one hand, and Russia on the other, is also marked in
a few other key areas measured by the GCI. Financial markets
are more highly developed in the former three countries, with
especially India but also Brazil above the GCR average and
China close to it, and with Russia lagging well behind. Their
comparatively developed financial markets, combined with
sound macroeconomic fundamentalsparticularly in China and
Brazilmight also help to explain why the three have not been
affected as strongly by the financial crisis as Russia.
Finally, we come to the more complex areas measured by
the GCI, namely innovation and business sophisticationareas
on which these countries will need to focus increasingly as they
(Contd.)
Figure 2: Comparison of BRIC and OECD average scores across the 12 pillars of the GCI
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
6
5
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Box 4: The competitiveness of the BRICs amid the global economic crisis (contd.)
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
BRICs
OECD
29
Notes
1 According to International Monetary Fund estimates (IMF 2009a),
while GDP growth will be negative in 2009 for advanced
economies (with a 2 percent contraction), it will significantly slow
down but still reach 3.3 percent in emerging and developing
economies. This represents a downturn similar in proportion to
the one suffered by developed economies when one takes into
account the higher trend growth rates experienced by the region
in past cycles.
2 The world average is useful for comparing the BRICs performance
with that of countries at all stages of economic development.
However, it is important to keep in mind that strong performance
vis--vis the world average, which includes several low-income and
less-developed economies, can cloud weaknesses in the individual
BRICs when held to a more stringent benchmark. For example, as
discussed in the chapter, improving the educational system remains
a significant challenge for Brazil, and financial market development
is a priority for China. A comparison with the OECD average, as
shown in Figure 2, is much more useful for this purpose.
30
31
32
fairly well functioning institutions (54th), bustling financial markets (16th), and a sound banking sector (25th)
supported by a vast domestic market (4th largest in PPP
terms). On the other hand, the country underperforms
on some of the basic determinants of competitiveness,
namely health and primary education (101st), macroeconomic stability (96th)though improvingand
infrastructure (76th). In addition, penetration rates for
mobile telephony (116th), the Internet (104th), and
personal computers (96th) remain among the lowest
in the world, while inefficiencies in the labor market
(83rd) prevent an optimal allocation of human capital.
Improvements in these areas would place India on a
stronger growth trajectory going into the future.
Moving up one place, the assessment of Indonesia
(54th) is very much in line with that of the previous
three years.Three areasamong the most important
given Indonesias current stage of developmentare
of particular concern. First, infrastructure is in need
of upgrading (84th), in particular with respect to ports
(95th) and roads (94th). Second, several indicators reveal
the poor level of public health: tuberculosis and malaria
incidence are among the highest in the world, while
infant mortality remains high.The third area of concern
relates to technological readiness (88th). ICT penetration rates remain low by all measures and have been
improving more slowly than in other countries. Indeed,
related to this last area, Indonesia is now in transition
between being a factor-driven economy and becoming
an efficiency-driven one.The countrys competitiveness
will therefore increasingly be driven by such efficiencyenhancing factors. On a more positive note, similar to
the situation in India, Indonesia ranks higher in more
complex factors such as business sophistication (40th)
and innovation (39th).This certainly bodes well for the
future, but does not reduce the urgency of making
improvements in the other priority areas highlighted
above.
Vietnam is down five positions to 75th. Although
the country improves in most of the categories of the
Index, the considerable worsening of its macroeconomic
situationdropping from 70th to 112th placeweighs
heavily on its economy and competitiveness. A widening
trade deficit, an overheating economy, and a global rise
in commodity prices caused inflation to shoot up to 23
percent in 2008.This in turn triggered a crisis of confidence, big swings in interest rates, and a sharp fall of the
dong, the local currency. It is crucial for monetary
authorities and the government to bring inflation back
under control and restore macroeconomic stability so
that Vietnam can reap the benefits of the efforts and
successes achieved in other areas.
Sri Lanka is at 79th, down two places, and the gap
with the other countries of the region is widening. Like
last year, Pakistan ranks 101st. Still at an early stage of
development, the country fails to improve significantly
on any of the basic determinants of its competitiveness,
namely institutions (104th), infrastructure (89th), macroeconomic stability (114th), and basic (128th) and higher
education (118th).To make things worse, the threat of
terrorism bears heavily on the business community.
Bangladesh inches up five ranks to place 106th, while
Cambodia drops one rank to 110th. Mongolia falls to
117th place, whereas Nepal (125th, up one) and TimorLeste (126th, up three) improve their performance
slightly but remain among the worlds least competitive
nations.
33
34
35
36
thanks to its abundant resources in natural gas remaining, with an estimated 18 percent growth rate in 2009,44
the fastest-growing economy in the Gulf Cooperation
Council region.This positive economic performance is
reflected in a number of indicators captured by the
GCI. Over the past year, the country moved up by six
places from last years already high base in the macroeconomic stability pillar, to 13th.This is a reflection of
both absolute improvementsnotably in the budgetary
surplus and public debt levelsand the poorer macroeconomic performance of many other countries due to
the financial crisis and concurrent countercyclical measures. In terms of macroeconomic management, the
countrys priorities remain to reduce inflation, which
was exacerbated by rising food and housing prices in
2008, and to expand credit.
Qatar is moving in the right direction in many
areas of competitiveness.The upgrading of the institutional framework continues (9th), and goods and labor
markets are more efficient than in previous years, ranked
21st and 14th, respectively. In addition, the country has
made great strides in harnessing the latest technologies,
such as mobile telephony (2nd) and broadband (37th),
and in opening up to foreign investment (it is ranked
13th on the restrictiveness of rules and regulations on
FDI). Moving forward, improving competitiveness will
necessitate further measures to encourage students to
pursue tertiary education, where enrollment rates
remain low (93rd). Additionally, the stability of Qatars
financial sector (35th) would benefit from a stronger
protection of investors rights.The country ranks 71st
for the strength of investor protection and 98th for the
strength of legal rights.
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) occupies the
23rd position in this years Report and 2nd in the region,
building on the positive trend of the past few years.
Notwithstanding the current cyclical downturn, the
available data suggest that the UAE has in place the
underlying fundamentals of a competitive economy.45
The lower score in macroeconomic stability due to
rising public debt and lower budget surplus is in line
with most other countries results in this pillar and
therefore does not lead to significant changes in the
ranking. However, serious doubts persist about the sustainability of public finances in Dubai and the potential
effect a further deterioration may have on the country
as a whole. As the global downturn continues to limit
the availability of finance and reduces tourism and trade,
the countrys main sectors of activity are likely to be
adversely affected. However, in spite of the fall in real
estate prices, the assessment of its financial markets so
far proves more resilient than for many other countries.
The UAE has improved by eight positions to 33rd in
this pillar, although the score has gone down. It has
to be noted, however, that businesses assess banks as
somewhat less sound than previously (down by five
positions to 36th).The changing global environment is
37
38
Sub-Saharan Africa
After an impressive upward trend in African GDP in
recent years, the current global economic turmoil has
raised questions about how sustainable this growth will
be over the longer term. Although Africas economies
are less linked than many other parts of the world to
global markets, the region has not been spared from the
fallout of the economic crisis: the IMF is projecting a
39
40
Notes
1 IMF 2009a.
2 Schumpeter 1942; Solow 1956; and Swan 1956.
3 See, for example, Sala-i-Martin et al. 2004 for an extensive list of
potential robust determinants of economic growth.
Conclusions
This chapter has discussed the results of the Global
Competitiveness Index 20092010, covering 133 countries from all of the worlds regions.The GCI demonstrates the extent to which national competitiveness is
a complex phenomenon, which can be improved only
through an array of reforms in different areas that affect
the longer-term productivity of a country.These range
from good governance and macroeconomic stability to
the efficiency of factor markets, technological adoption,
and innovation potential, among others. In this context,
it is important to bear in mind that the present economic
crisis is short term in nature and related to the business
cycle, while competitiveness is very much about a countrys development potential over the medium to long
term. Indeed, countries that have competitive strengths
in a variety of areas can be expected to exit the crisis
faster and to rebound much more strongly.
Of course, if the economic crisis affects the longerterm drivers of competitiveness this should be reflected
by specific aspects of the GCI; this is indeed the case
this year. Most directly, there has been a weakening in
the assessment of financial markets in a number of
countries, and notably in the soundness of banks and
measures of access to capital.The crisis has also had
consequences on ratings in other pillars. For example,
the assessment by business leaders of the institutional
environment has been affected by revelations of privatesector and public-sector behaviors that contributed to
the crisis, as well as some government actions taken in
response. Related to this point, the crisis has exacerbated
macroeconomic instability in some countries, with
individual governments running up significant deficits
through stimulus spending to support demand and thus
generating increased debt and expectations that they
will generate inflation to reduce the future debt burden.
The full impact of these actions for future national
competitiveness has yet to be seen.
More generally, under-regulation of the financial
sector in the United States and the United Kingdom
has been blamed for the economic crisis. In response,
governments all over the world are now tempted to
increase regulation in other aspects of the economy,
notably in goods and services markets.Yet this would be
reading the wrong lessons from the crisis. It would be
dangerous to conclude that the need for more financial
regulation in a few highly unregulated economies means
that already highly regulated economies should further
increase red tape elsewhere.The GCI clearly shows the
importance of efficient markets for national productivity
and competitiveness.
Since its introduction in 2004, the GCI has been
used by an increasing number of countries and institutions to benchmark national competitiveness.The clear
and intuitive structure of the GCI framework is useful
for prioritizing policy reforms because it allows countries to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the
4 See Easterly and Levine 1997; Acemoglu et al. 2001, 2002; Rodrik
et al. 2002; and Sala-i-Martin and Subramanian 2003.
5 See de Soto 2000.
6 See de Soto and Abbot 1990.
7 In this pillar, one Survey-based variable capturing the efficiency of
the legal framework for (1) settling disputes and (2) challenging
the legality of government actions and/or regulations has been
replaced by two variables, each capturing one of the issues more
specifically.
8 See Shleifer and Vishny 1997; Zingales 1998.
9 See Kaufmann and Vishwanath 2001.
10 See Aschauer 1989; Canning et al. 1994; Gramlich 1994; and
Easterly 2002.
11 See Fischer 1993.
12 See Sachs 2001.
13 See Schultz 1961; Lucas 1988; Becker 1993; and Kremer 1993.
14 See Almeida and Carneiro 2009; Amin 2009; and Kaplan 2009 for
country studies demonstrating the importance of flexible labor
markets for higher employment rates and, therefore, economic
performance.
15 Data previously included in this pillar measuring non-wage labor
costs have been excluded this year, as they are no longer collected
by the World Bank Doing Business group.
16 See Aghion and Howitt 1992 and Barro and Sala-i-Martin 2003 for
a technical exposition of technology-based growth theories.
17 A general purpose technology (GPT), according to Trajtenberg
(2005), is one which in any given period makes a particular
contribution to overall economys growth thanks to its ability to
transform the methods of production in a wide array of industries.
Examples of GPTs have been the invention of the steam engine
and the electric dynamo.
18 See UNCTAD 2009.
19 See Sachs and Warner 1995; Frenkel and Romer 1999; Rodrik and
Rodriguez 1999; Alesina et al. 2005; and Feyrer 2009.
20 This is particularly important in a world in which economic borders
are not as clearly delineated as political ones. In other words,
when Belgium sells goods to the Netherlands, the national
accounts register the transaction as an export (so the Netherlands
is a foreign market of Belgium), but when California sells the
same kind of output to Nevada, the national accounts register the
transaction as domestic (so Nevada is a domestic market of
California).
21 See Romer 1990; Grossman and Helpman 1991; and Aghion and
Howitt 1992.
41
42
50 While inflation resulted mainly from rising prices for food and
building material, the budget deficit was exacerbated by energy
subsidies, which soared as fuel prices peaked.
28 Reuters 2009.
51 IMF 2009a.
References
Acemoglu, D., S. Johnson, and J. Robinson. 2001. The Colonial
Origins of Comparative Development: An Empirical Investigation.
American Economic Review 91: 13691401.
. 2002. Reversal of Fortune: Geography and Institutions in the
Making of the Modern World Distribution of Income. Quarterly
Journal of Economics 117 (4): 123194.
Aghion P. and P. Howitt. 1992. A Model of Growth through Creative
Destruction. Econometrica LX: 32351.
Alesina, A., E. Spolaore, and R. Enrico. 2005. Trade, Growth and the
Size of Countries. In P. Aghion and S. Durlauf, eds., Handbook of
Economic Growth, 1st Edition, Volume 1. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
14991542.
. 1998. Endogenous Growth. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Almeida, R., and P. Carneiro, 2009. Enforcement of Labor Regulation
and Firm Size. Journal of Comparative Economics 37 (1): 2846.
Amin, M. 2009. Labor Regulation and Employment in Indias Retail
Stores. Journal of Comparative Economics 37 (1): 4761.
Mia, I., E. Lozoya Austin, C. Arruda, and M. Silva Arajo. 2009. The
Brazil Competitiveness Report 2009. Geneva: World Economic
Forum.
external/pubs/ft/fandd/2009/06/pdf/cihak.pdf.
De Soto, H. 2000. The Mystery of Capital: Why Capitalism Triumphs in
the West and Fails Everywhere Else. New York: Basic Books.
De Soto, H. and J. Abbot. 1990. The Other Path: The Economic Answer
to Terrorism. New York: Harper Perennial.
Easterly, W. 2002. The Elusive Quest for Growth. Cambridge, MA: MIT
Press.
43
44
BASIC REQUIREMENTS
3. Undue influence.......................................................................20%
1.05 Judicial independence
1.06 Favoritism in decisions of government officials
4. Government inefficiency ........................................................20%
1.07 Wastefulness of government spending
1.08 Burden of government regulation
1.09 Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes
1.10 Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations
1.11 Transparency of government policymaking
5. Security .....................................................................................20%
1.12 Business costs of terrorism
1.13 Business costs of crime and violence
1.14 Organized crime
1.15 Reliability of police services
B. Private institutions ..................................................25%
1. Corporate ethics ......................................................................50%
1.16 Ethical behavior of firms
2. Accountability ..........................................................................50%
1.17 Strength of auditing and reporting standards
1.18 Efficacy of corporate boards
1.19 Protection of minority shareholders interests
infrastructure .............................................50%
Quality of roads
Quality of railroad infrastructure
Quality of port infrastructure
Quality of air transport infrastructure
Available seat kilometers (hard data)
Quality of electricity supply
Telephone lines (hard data)
(Contd.)
45
education ...................................................50%
Quality of primary education
Primary enrollment (hard data)
Education expenditure (hard data)1/2
B. Efficient
7.06
7.07
7.08
7.09
A. Efficiency ..................................................................50%
8.01 Financial market sophistication
8.02 Financing through local equity market
8.03 Ease of access to loans
8.04 Venture capital availability
8.05 Restriction on capital flows
8.06 Strength of investor protection (hard data)
EFFICIENCY ENHANCERS
46
7.01
7.02
7.03
7.04
6.04
6.05
7.05
B. Quality
5.03
5.04
5.05
5.06
of education ................................................33%
Quality of the educational system
Quality of math and science education
Quality of management schools
Internet access in schools
competition .....................................................variablef
1. Domestic
6.01 Intensity of local competition
6.02 Extent of market dominance
6.03 Effectiveness of anti-monopoly policy
6.04 Extent and effect of taxation1/2
6.05 Total tax rate (hard data)1/2
6.06 Number of procedures required to start a business
(hard data)g
6.07 Time required to start a business (hard data)g
6.08 Agricultural policy costs
f The Competition subpillar is the weighted average of two components: Domestic competition and Foreign competition. In both
components, the included variables provide an indication of the
extent to which competition is distorted. The relative importance
of these distortions depends on the relative size of domestic versus foreign competition. This interaction between the domestic
market and the foreign market is captured by the way we determine the weights of the two components. Domestic competition
is the sum of consumption (C), investment (I), government spending (G), and exports (X), while foreign competition is equal to
imports (M). Thus we assign a weight of (C+I+G+X)/(C+I+G+X+M)
to Domestic competition and a weight of M/(C+I+G+X+M) to
Foreign competition.
g Variables 6.06 and 6.07 combine to form one single variable.
Notes
a The standard formula for converting hard data is the following:
6 x
+ 1
6 x
+ 7
Weights
FactorEfficiency- Innovationdriven
driven
driven
stage (%) stage (%) stage (%)
Basic requirements
60
40
Efficiency enhancers
35
50
50
10
30
20
d In order to capture the idea that both high inflation and deflation
are detrimental, inflation enters the model in a U-shaped manner
as follows: for values of inflation between 0.5 and 2.9 percent, a
country receives the highest possible score of 7. Outside this
range, scores decrease linearly as they move away from these
values.
e The impact of malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS on competitiveness depends not only on their respective incidence rates, but
also on how costly they are for business. Therefore, in order to
estimate the impact of each of the three diseases, we combine
its incidence rate with the Survey question on its perceived cost
to businesses. To combine these data we first take the ratio of
each countrys disease incidence rate relative to the highest incidence rate in the whole sample. The inverse of this ratio is then
multiplied by each countrys score on the related Survey question.
This product is then normalized to a 1-to-7 scale. Note that countries with zero reported incidence receive a 7, regardless their
scores on the related Survey question.
47
Geographic expansion
In 1979, on the occasion of the Forums 10th anniversary, the first competitiveness report using survey data
covering just 16 European countries was launched.Thirty
years later, the Survey is conducted in 133 economies
from all the worlds regions (see Figure 1 for details).This
year the Report does not, for the first time in many years,
include any new countries although continued efforts
are made to cover those not yet included.1 Although
the Forum aims to present comprehensive international
coverage, expansion to additional countries may be
constrained by the absence of adequate infrastructure
to support the Survey process in some areas, and also
because some of the hard data sources are themselves
not available for some countries. Furthermore, the first
quarter of 2009 was a difficult time for conducting a
survey given the business executives concerns related
to the global economic downturn. Nonetheless, the 133
economies included in the Report account for more than
CHAPTER 1.2
49
I 2009 coverage
50
98 percent of the worlds total gross domestic product,
demonstrating that the findings are indeed global in scope.
51
52
Table 1: Distribution of respondents to the Executive Opinion Survey 2009 by country and firm size
Sample size
Country/Economy
Albania
Algeria
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belgium
Benin
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei Darussalam
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cte dIvoire
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
France
Gambia, The
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Hong Kong SAR
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Korea, Rep.
Kuwait
Kyrgyz Republic
Latvia
Lesotho
Libya
Count*
100
74
85
78
67
87
79
58
89
64
68
92
48
99
99
181
44
107
39
80
93
69
100
136
77
373
235
42
94
82
86
86
49
61
65
83
74
81
98
53
128
84
83
86
132
78
88
102
91
39
96
38
120
90
78
85
93
53
150
95
124
112
95
52
79
85
50
31
Online (%)
0
0
99
0
13
36
0
98
0
42
94
0
100
0
3
54
36
0
0
0
0
0
71
0
26
2
18
74
0
40
0
52
100
3
11
1
32
100
0
100
1
0
100
28
6
51
0
0
13
26
0
100
20
0
58
99
3
2
6
4
2
0
0
13
0
79
0
100
68
61
24
62
42
7
68
52
33
41
43
90
83
90
64
20
59
49
62
80
35
59
32
91
14
25
43
48
74
40
51
22
31
46
35
27
28
60
71
28
27
77
66
24
54
18
40
75
56
38
20
68
16
31
36
33
32
58
12
44
43
58
34
50
67
58
84
61
101
500
501
1,000
1,001
5,000
5,001
20,000
>20,000
No response
29
18
27
29
21
32
23
28
20
38
21
5
8
7
25
21
30
40
28
11
28
32
18
5
29
26
37
26
13
24
40
38
39
33
51
23
47
33
20
40
19
15
22
21
32
15
28
17
25
15
39
24
18
36
24
46
20
21
20
33
41
22
27
21
27
20
10
3
2
12
14
4
10
28
5
10
17
16
9
0
6
1
7
23
5
7
3
6
17
4
8
0
14
13
8
14
6
13
7
21
10
8
6
25
11
2
3
11
8
1
4
3
9
26
11
4
8
3
21
3
8
10
15
9
2
9
29
12
6
5
9
6
1
8
2
10
1
5
19
5
16
25
4
10
19
6
16
0
2
2
3
24
5
1
3
0
15
3
25
1
27
22
8
7
3
17
2
15
18
11
6
23
14
4
2
19
13
1
6
20
5
31
15
2
8
15
19
5
28
14
19
9
30
11
25
11
6
10
17
15
3
8
0
13
0
1
12
0
9
6
0
0
10
0
4
0
0
0
0
7
0
1
0
0
2
0
11
0
8
9
3
5
3
2
0
2
2
2
2
1
0
0
0
2
15
0
0
13
0
8
5
1
3
21
0
0
19
7
5
2
6
0
9
0
0
2
7
6
0
4
0
10
0
0
5
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
7
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
5
6
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
17
0
0
19
0
3
1
0
0
3
1
0
11
2
0
0
9
0
5
0
1
0
5
2
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
1
1
2
3
5
3
2
1
1
3
3
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
1
5
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
5
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
2
4
3
(Contd.)
Sample size
Country/Economy
Count*
Online (%)
101
500
501
1,000
1,001
5,000
5,001
20,000
>20,000
No response
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia, FYR
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Mali
Malta
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nepal
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Romania
Russian Federation
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sri Lanka
Suriname
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Taiwan, China
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Zambia
Zimbabwe
102
38
91
101
95
68
79
65
58
58
154
83
82
103
67
55
101
119
47
83
123
86
168
300
92
129
89
39
184
81
65
80
45
368
104
98
78
144
65
110
44
103
100
36
38
103
126
62
99
97
86
31
34
83
96
101
105
122
122
404
88
36
144
91
54
62
21
11
0
2
34
0
60
0
24
87
0
0
0
3
7
2
90
100
20
1
60
96
1
1
18
1
0
76
7
97
100
33
1
1
0
0
48
72
1
57
52
0
0
79
66
13
56
0
1
0
0
68
16
3
0
2
14
95
96
1
100
1
0
24
26
45
44
74
62
35
66
74
84
40
25
42
87
66
57
47
54
25
17
47
66
24
20
41
49
60
9
21
32
28
54
20
67
26
21
65
40
25
32
48
14
36
31
78
16
43
72
2
76
64
19
81
29
39
6
62
35
15
48
68
55
44
48
63
15
52
24
46
18
29
31
23
18
10
40
10
51
9
25
27
25
38
22
21
40
21
28
42
28
29
28
45
28
29
28
17
31
9
27
29
27
50
36
40
29
14
25
40
22
32
13
21
24
18
25
29
16
41
45
65
32
31
39
15
6
31
22
40
23
33
14
21
4
3
1
10
5
3
0
9
12
6
0
4
12
15
2
11
15
7
7
14
15
9
10
7
22
13
19
12
12
11
9
27
13
4
5
17
11
8
5
5
18
0
5
12
2
21
2
5
17
0
12
10
19
4
16
9
6
1
11
8
8
4
26
6
8
5
4
5
15
3
3
0
10
25
0
0
2
4
11
5
23
28
5
4
28
13
14
10
2
17
23
17
21
14
15
13
15
27
3
5
18
15
8
25
17
8
0
13
20
4
35
4
4
24
0
18
6
8
0
10
22
15
7
3
19
2
8
20
1
3
0
1
1
6
0
0
0
0
11
0
0
2
0
0
1
11
19
0
2
3
8
6
2
0
6
8
2
7
3
0
0
1
6
0
0
3
2
2
18
9
2
0
29
8
0
11
0
0
8
3
0
0
2
2
4
9
6
6
0
6
0
1
6
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
15
1
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
1
1
2
0
0
1
5
1
0
0
0
2
2
5
0
0
0
0
5
25
8
1
0
5
4
0
6
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
11
11
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
4
2
5
2
1
0
5
1
0
2
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
23
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
TOTAL/AVERAGE (%)
12,614
27
44
27
10
12
*Final count, after editing of the data. See text for details.
Table 1: Distribution of respondents to the Executive Opinion Survey 2009 by country and firm size (contd.)
53
54
with
where
is sector ss contribution to the economy of
country c (e.g., .36 for the services sector in Bahrain);
and
is the mean of the responses from sector s in
country c (
is response j from sector s and country c
and
is the number of responses from sector s in
country c ).
where
is respondent i s answer to question q in country
c; and
and
are the average and standard deviation,
respectively, of individual answers to question q within
country cs sample.
Individual answers with an absolute value for
greater than 3 are dropped.
10/7/09
11:36 AM
Page 55
Country/Economy
Albania
Algeria
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belgium
Benin
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cote dIvoire
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
France
Gambia, The
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Hong Kong SAR
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Korea, Rep.
Kuwait
Kyrgyz Republic
Latvia
Lesotho
Libya
Agriculture
Manufacturing
industry
21
8
9
20
2
2
6
0
19
4
1
32
13
10
2
6
1
6
33
35
32
19
2
23
4
11
9
9
24
7
2
3
1
12
7
14
12
3
46
3
2
29
11
1
34
4
11
31
13
0
4
6
18
14
10
2
3
2
6
1
3
6
26
3
0
34
3
12
2
12
5
21
17
11
20
6
12
18
7
17
8
15
13
3
18
10
17
14
9
19
17
16
6
14
34
18
21
18
21
8
27
14
13
10
16
22
18
5
24
12
5
12
23
8
13
18
8
20
3
22
10
16
27
11
23
22
18
13
21
19
12
11
28
2
11
11
19
4
Nonmanufacturing
industry
Services
8
56
12
27
18
11
67
51
11
11
7
6
22
8
46
11
61
16
9
11
8
14
16
38
33
15
18
8
8
11
11
12
11
14
27
21
6
13
8
9
8
10
12
7
18
10
10
16
8
5
8
14
13
20
34
12
10
9
20
9
10
28
7
11
49
8
11
28
76
59
31
57
36
69
67
21
36
52
78
75
54
51
69
49
66
28
61
44
45
41
50
66
32
49
40
56
63
51
61
79
59
73
60
56
50
59
67
40
65
77
56
65
69
41
73
61
44
59
92
66
71
52
39
45
63
63
71
61
68
67
53
56
58
49
47
75
41
18
(Contd.)
Country/Economy
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia, FYR
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Mali
Malta
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Moldova
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nepal
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Romania
Russian Federation
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sri Lanka
Suriname
Sweden
Switzerland
Syrian Arab Republic
Taiwan, China
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Agriculture
Manufacturing
industry
5
0
12
26
34
10
37
3
13
5
4
12
23
11
14
28
11
34
2
7
19
33
1
2
21
7
22
7
14
4
3
1
0
9
5
3
14
13
0
3
2
3
3
12
5
2
1
18
2
21
45
11
9
0
10
9
24
8
2
1
1
10
4
20
22
19
19
8
19
16
14
28
3
22
5
20
19
14
4
9
15
15
11
8
13
16
19
3
10
8
19
7
13
16
22
18
15
40
8
22
19
10
14
25
25
22
23
18
16
19
14
20
20
12
25
20
7
35
3
6
17
19
8
23
12
14
14
23
16
21
11
14
Nonmanufacturing
industry
Services
14
6
11
2
6
20
21
75
42
8
17
1
37
11
12
10
19
9
11
9
11
37
33
47
8
9
7
21
10
14
10
3
64
14
19
56
9
4
6
14
11
13
14
11
22
9
8
23
4
8
10
9
21
53
12
9
18
14
47
10
8
9
41
20
27
10
61
85
59
56
45
42
39
41
67
60
73
36
69
59
47
59
49
74
68
51
28
56
43
53
77
58
56
54
65
73
56
28
55
57
32
62
59
69
61
63
66
67
58
59
70
71
47
70
51
37
45
68
41
60
63
50
55
39
76
77
58
38
38
40
57
Part 1
55
(1)
where
qi,ct is country c s score on question qi in year t, with t = 2008, 2009, as computed following the
approach described in the text;
t
is respondent n s response (on a 17 scale) to question qi in year t;
qi,n,c
Nct is the sample size (i.e., the number of respondents) for country c in year t; and
wct is the weight applied to country c s score in year t (see below).
2008
c
2008
2009
c
c
(2a)
and
wc2009
(2b)
Plugging equations (2a) and (2b) into (1) and rearranging yields:
2008
2009
1
1
(1) qi,c qi,c
2
2
Nc2008
Nc2009
2008
2009
.
2008
qi,c
2009 q i,c
N Nc
Nc Nc2009
2008
c
(3)
qi,c0809
In equation (3), the first component of the weighting scheme is the discounted-past weighted average.
The second component is the sample-size weighted average. The two components are given half-weight
each. The value for is 0.6, which corresponds to a discount factor of 2/3. That is, the 2008 score of
country c is given 2/3 of the weight given to its 2009 score. One additional property of this approach is
that it prevents a country sample that is much larger in one year from overwhelming the smaller sample
from the other year.
The same treatment is applied to the results of the previous editions of the Survey. That is, for any
two consecutive editions t and t+1 of the EOS, country cs score on question i is computed as follows:
qi,ctt
, +1
t
t
1
1
(1) qi,c qi,c
2
2
+1
Nct
N Nct+1
t
c
Nct
qi,c
+1
N Nct+1
t
c
t+1
qi,c
Example
For the sake of concreteness and clarity, let us compute the score of Turkey on indicator 2.05 on the
quality of air transport infrastructure.
Turkeys score was 4.71 in 2008 and 5.33 in 2009. The weighting scheme described above indicates
how the two scores are combined. In Turkey, the size of the sample was 77 in 2008 and 96 in 2009. Using
= 0.6 and applying formulas (2a) and (2b) yield weights of 42.3 percent for 2008 and 57.7 percent for
2009. The final country score for this question is given by formula (1):
0.423 4.71 0.577 5.33 5.07 .
56
2009
c
2008
c2009
c
2008
2009
This is the final score used in the computation GCI. Although numbers were rounded to two decimal
places in this example, exact figures are used in the actual calculation.
(4)
7 The results are the scores obtained by each country in the various
questions of the Survey. The two terms are used interchangeably
throughout the text.
8 The completion rate is the proportion of unanswered questions
among the 120 core questions in the survey instrument.
9 In a few cases, the respondent has not answered the question
relative to their companys activity. In order to include the surveys
with missing sector information in the country averages, the average response values for the surveys without sector information
are apportioned to the other sectors according to the sample
sizes in those other sectors. This has the effect of including these
surveys on a one-for-one basis as they occur in the samplethat
is, with no adjustment for sector.
10 For details about the 2008 dataset of the Survey, please refer to
Browne et al. 2008.
Reference
Browne, C., R. Bryden, M. Delgado, and T. Geiger. 2008. Executive
Opinion Survey: Capturing the Voice of the Business
Community. The Global Competitiveness Report 20082009.
Geneva: World Economic Forum. 6777.
Conclusion
Despite all the challenges associated with conducting a
survey in 133 countries, the World Economic Forum collected over 13,000 responses from high-level executives.
This makes the Executive Opinion Survey data unique
as a portrayal of the opinion of business leaders concerning the many factors that contribute to shaping up the
competitive landscape of a nation.The Survey is by far
the largest poll of its kind; a scale which would not be
possible without the incredible work carried out by the
Forums network of over 150 Partner Institutes. Going
forward, sampling and comparability across the globe for
a more robust dataset will remain the major aims of the
Forum.
Notes
1 Data were collected for the Islamic Republic of Iran, butin
keeping with our moving average methodologyone more year
of Survey data will be collected in 2010 in order to include the
country in the rankings of The Global Competitiveness Report
next year.
2 The World Economic Forums Global Competitiveness Network
would like to acknowledge e-Rewards Market Research for carrying out the Executive Opinion Survey 2009 in the United States,
collecting over 400 surveys following the detailed sampling guidelines.
3 Special appreciation is extended to Richard Bryden, Director of
Information Products, Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness,
Harvard Business School and Mercedes Delgado, Assistant
Professor, Fox School of Business, Temple University and
Member, Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness, Harvard
Business School for their invaluable input into the Survey
sampling methodology and Survey design.
4 The Survey sampling guidelines each year emphasize the need
to have a sample with a sufficient presence of large companies.
5 Company size is defined as the number of employees of the firm
in the country of the Survey respondent. The company size value
used for delineating the large and small company sample frames
varies across countries. The size value tracks closely with the
overall size of the economy. Adjustments were made to the value
based on searches in company directories and data gathered
through the administration of the Survey in past years.
6 In order to reach the required number of surveys in each country
(80 for most economies and 300 for the BRIC countries and the
US), a Partner Institute uses the response rate from previous years.
57
Part 2
Data Presentation
2.1
Country/Economy Profiles
Albania
Key indicators
12,000
Albania
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Page 1
Global Competitiveness Index
Rank
(out of 133)
Key indicators
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Albania
Efficiency-driven economies
Policy instability.............................................................11.4
Tax regulations ..............................................................10.9
Inadequate supply of infrastructure ..........................10.4
Access to financing ........................................................9.4
Tax rates ...........................................................................7.7
Poor work ethic in national labor force ......................6.8
Inadequately educated workforce...............................6.5
Inflation .............................................................................4.9
Foreign currency regulations........................................3.3
63
10
15
20
25
30
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
Page 2
Albania
The Global Competitiveness Index in detail
64
Competitive Disadvantage
INDICATOR
RANK/133
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
5.01
5.02
5.03
5.04
5.05
5.06
5.07
5.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
List of Countries/Economies
List of Countries/Economies
Country/Economy
Country/Economy
Page
Country/Economy
Albania
66
Greece
156
Oman
246
Algeria
68
Guatemala
158
Pakistan
248
Argentina
70
Guyana
160
Panama
250
Armenia
72
Honduras
162
Paraguay
252
Australia
74
164
Peru
254
Austria
76
Hungary
166
Philippines
256
Azerbaijan
78
Iceland
168
Poland
258
Bahrain
80
India
170
Portugal
260
Bangladesh
82
Indonesia
172
Puerto Rico
262
Barbados
84
Ireland
174
Qatar
264
Belgium
86
Israel
176
Romania
266
Benin
88
Italy
178
Russian Federation
268
Bolivia
90
Jamaica
180
Saudi Arabia
270
92
Japan
182
Senegal
272
Botswana
94
Jordan
184
Serbia
274
Brazil
96
Kazakhstan
186
Singapore
276
98
Brunei Darussalam
Page
Page
Kenya
188
Slovak Republic
278
Bulgaria
100
Korea, Rep.
190
Slovenia
280
Burkina Faso
102
Kuwait
192
South Africa
282
Burundi
104
Kyrgyz Republic
194
Spain
284
Cambodia
106
Latvia
196
Sri Lanka
286
Cameroon
108
Lesotho
198
Suriname
288
Canada
110
Libya
200
Sweden
290
Chad
112
Lithuania
202
Switzerland
292
Chile
114
Luxembourg
204
Syria
294
China
116
Macedonia, FYR
206
Taiwan, China
296
Colombia
118
Madagascar
208
Tajikistan
298
Costa Rica
120
Malawi
210
Tanzania
300
302
Cte dIvoire
122
Malaysia
212
Thailand
Croatia
124
Mali
214
Timor-Leste
304
Cyprus
126
Malta
216
306
Czech Republic
128
Mauritania
218
Tunisia
308
Denmark
130
Mauritius
220
Turkey
310
Dominican Republic
132
Mexico
222
Uganda
312
Ecuador
134
Mongolia
224
Ukraine
314
Egypt
136
Montenegro
226
316
El Salvador
138
Morocco
228
United Kingdom
318
Estonia
140
Mozambique
230
United States
320
Ethiopia
142
Namibia
232
Uruguay
322
Finland
144
Nepal
234
Venezuela
324
France
146
Netherlands
236
Vietnam
326
Gambia, The
148
New Zealand
238
Zambia
328
Georgia
150
Nicaragua
240
Zimbabwe
330
Germany
152
Nigeria
242
Ghana
154
Norway
244
65
Albania
Key indicators
12,000
Albania
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
66
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Albania
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Albania
67
Algeria
Key indicators
8,000
Algeria
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
68
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Algeria
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Algeria
69
Argentina
Key indicators
15,000
Argentina
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
70
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Argentina
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Argentina
71
Armenia
Key indicators
12,000
Armenia
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
72
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Armenia
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Armenia
73
Australia
Key indicators
40,000
Australia
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
74
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Australia
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Australia
75
Austria
Key indicators
40,000
Austria
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
76
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Austria
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Austria
77
Azerbaijan
Key indicators
12,000
Azerbaijan
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
78
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Azerbaijan
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Azerbaijan
79
Bahrain
Key indicators
40,000
Bahrain
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
80
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Bahrain
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Bahrain
81
Bangladesh
Key indicators
3,000
Bangladesh
South Asia
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
82
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Bangladesh
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Bangladesh
83
Barbados
Key indicators
20,000
Barbados
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
84
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Barbados
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Barbados
85
Belgium
Key indicators
40,000
Belgium
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
86
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Belgium
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Belgium
87
Benin
Key indicators
2,000
Benin
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
88
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Benin
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Benin
89
Bolivia
Key indicators
10,000
Bolivia
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
90
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Bolivia
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Bolivia
91
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
92
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
93
Botswana
Key indicators
20,000
Botswana
Sub-Saharan Africa
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
94
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Botswana
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Botswana
95
Brazil
Key indicators
12,000
Brazil
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
96
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Brazil
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Brazil
97
Brunei Darussalam
Key indicators
60,000
Brunei Darussalam
40,000
20,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
98
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Brunei Darussalam
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Brunei Darussalam
99
Bulgaria
Key indicators
40,000
Bulgaria
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
100
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Bulgaria
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Bulgaria
101
Burkina Faso
Key indicators
2,000
Burkina Faso
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
102
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Burkina Faso
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Burkina Faso
103
Burundi
Key indicators
2,000
Burundi
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
104
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Burundi
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Burundi
105
Cambodia
Key indicators
6,000
Cambodia
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
106
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Cambodia
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Cambodia
107
Cameroon
Key indicators
2,500
Cameroon
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
108
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Cameroon
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Cameroon
109
Canada
Key indicators
40,000
Canada
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
110
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Canada
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Canada
111
Chad
Key indicators
2,000
Chad
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
112
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Chad
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Chad
113
Chile
Key indicators
15,000
Chile
10,000
5,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
114
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Chile
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Chile
115
China
Key indicators
6,000
China
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
116
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
China
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
China
117
Colombia
Key indicators
10,000
Colombia
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
118
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Colombia
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Colombia
119
Costa Rica
Key indicators
12,000
Costa Rica
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
120
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Costa Rica
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Costa Rica
121
Cte dIvoire
Key indicators
2,000
Cte dIvoire
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
122
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Cte dIvoire
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Cte dIvoire
123
Croatia
Key indicators
40,000
Croatia
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
124
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Croatia
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Croatia
125
Cyprus
Key indicators
40,000
Cyprus
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
126
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Cyprus
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Cyprus
127
Czech Republic
Key indicators
40,000
XXX Republic
Czech
&&&
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
128
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Czech Republic
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Czech Republic
129
Denmark
Key indicators
40,000
Denmark
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
130
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Denmark
XXX
Innovation-driven
Innovation-driven
economies
economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Denmark
131
Dominican Republic
Key indicators
12,000
Dominican Republic
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
Efficiency
driven
132
Transition
23
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Dominican Republic
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Dominican Republic
133
Ecuador
Key indicators
10,000
Ecuador
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
134
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Ecuador
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Ecuador
135
Egypt
Key indicators
8,000
Egypt
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
136
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Egypt
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Egypt
137
El Salvador
Key indicators
10,000
XXX
El
Salvador &&& Latin America and Caribbean
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
138
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
El Salvador
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
El Salvador
139
Estonia
Key indicators
40,000
Estonia
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
140
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Estonia
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Estonia
141
Ethiopia
Key indicators
2,000
Ethiopia
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
142
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Ethiopia
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Ethiopia
143
Finland
Key indicators
40,000
Finland
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
144
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Finland
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Finland
145
France
Key indicators
40,000
France
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
146
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
France
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
France
147
Gambia, The
Key indicators
2,000
The Gambia
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
148
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
The Gambia
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Gambia, The
149
Georgia
Key indicators
12,000
Georgia
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
150
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Georgia
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Georgia
151
Germany
Key indicators
40,000
Germany
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
152
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Germany
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Germany
153
Ghana
Key indicators
2,000
Ghana
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
154
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Ghana
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Ghana
155
Greece
Key indicators
40,000
Greece
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
156
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Greece
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Greece
157
Guatemala
Key indicators
10,000
XXX
Guatemala
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
158
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Guatemala
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Guatemala
159
Guyana
Key indicators
10,000
Guyana
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
160
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Guyana
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Guyana
161
Honduras
Key indicators
10,000
Honduras
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
162
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Honduras
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Honduras
163
50,000
OECD
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
164
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
165
Hungary
Key indicators
40,000
Hungary
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
166
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Hungary
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Hungary
167
Iceland
Key indicators
40,000
Iceland
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
168
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Iceland
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Iceland
169
India
Key indicators
3,000
India
South Asia
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
170
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
India
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
India
171
Indonesia
Key indicators
6,000
Indonesia
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
172
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Indonesia
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Indonesia
173
Ireland
Key indicators
50,000
Ireland
OECD
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
174
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Ireland
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Ireland
175
Israel
Key indicators
40,000
Israel
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
176
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Israel
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Israel
177
Italy
Key indicators
40,000
Italy
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
178
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Italy
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Italy
179
Jamaica
Key indicators
10,000
XXX
Jamaica
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
180
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Jamaica
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Jamaica
181
Japan
Key indicators
40,000
Japan
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
182
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Japan
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Japan
183
Jordan
Key indicators
8,000
XXX
Jordan
&&&
Middle East and North Africa
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
184
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Jordan
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Jordan
185
Kazakhstan
Key indicators
12,000
Kazakhstan
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
186
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Kazakhstan
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Kazakhstan
187
Kenya
Key indicators
2,000
Kenya
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
188
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Kenya
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Kenya
189
Korea, Rep.
Key indicators
40,000
Korea, Rep.
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
190
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Korea, Rep.
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Korea, Rep.
191
Kuwait
Key indicators
50,000
Kuwait
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
192
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Kuwait
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Kuwait
193
Kyrgyz Republic
Key indicators
12,000
Kyrgyz Republic
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
194
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Kyrgyz Republic
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Kyrgyz Republic
195
Latvia
Key indicators
40,000
Latvia
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
196
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Latvia
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Latvia
197
Lesotho
Key indicators
2,000
Lesotho
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
198
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Lesotho
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Lesotho
199
Libya
Key indicators
15,000
Libya
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
200
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Libya
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Libya
201
Lithuania
Key indicators
40,000
Lithuania
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
202
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Lithuania
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Lithuania
203
Luxembourg
Key indicators
100,000
Luxembourg
OECD
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
204
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Luxembourg
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Luxembourg
205
Macedonia, FYR
Key indicators
40,000
Macedonia, FYR
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
206
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Macedonia, FYR
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Macedonia, FYR
207
Madagascar
Key indicators
2,000
Madagascar
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
208
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Madagascar
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Madagascar
209
Malawi
Key indicators
2,000
Malawi
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
210
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Malawi
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Malawi
211
Malaysia
Key indicators
15,000
Malaysia
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
212
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Malaysia
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Malaysia
213
Mali
Key indicators
2,000
Mali
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
214
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Mali
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Mali
215
Malta
Key indicators
40,000
Malta
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
216
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Malta
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Malta
217
Mauritania
Key indicators
2,500
Mauritania
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
218
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Mauritania
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Mauritania
219
Mauritius
Key indicators
12,000
Mauritius
Sub-Saharan Africa
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
220
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Mauritius
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Mauritius
221
Mexico
Key indicators
15,000
Mexico
10,000
5,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
222
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Mexico
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Mexico
223
Mongolia
Key indicators
5,000
Mongolia
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
224
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Mongolia
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Mongolia
225
Montenegro
Key indicators
12,000
Montenegro
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
226
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Montenegro
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Montenegro
227
Morocco
Key indicators
8,000
Morocco
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
228
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Morocco
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Morocco
229
Mozambique
Key indicators
2,000
Mozambique
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
230
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Mozambique
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Mozambique
231
Namibia
Key indicators
8,000
Namibia
Sub-Saharan Africa
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
232
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Namibia
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Namibia
233
Nepal
Key indicators
3,000
Nepal
South Asia
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
234
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Nepal
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Nepal
235
Netherlands
Key indicators
50,000
Netherlands
OECD
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
236
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Netherlands
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Netherlands
237
New Zealand
Key indicators
40,000
New Zealand
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
238
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
New Zealand
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
New Zealand
239
Nicaragua
Key indicators
10,000
Nicaragua
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
240
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Nicaragua
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Nicaragua
241
Nigeria
Key indicators
2,500
Nigeria
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
242
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Nigeria
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Nigeria
243
Norway
Key indicators
60,000
Norway
OECD
40,000
20,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
244
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Norway
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Norway
245
Oman
Key indicators
25,000
Oman
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
246
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Oman
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Oman
247
Pakistan
Key indicators
3,000
Pakistan
South Asia
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
248
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Pakistan
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Pakistan
249
Panama
Key indicators
12,000
Panama
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
250
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Panama
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Panama
251
Paraguay
Key indicators
10,000
Paraguay
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
252
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Paraguay
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Paraguay
253
Peru
Key indicators
10,000
Peru
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
254
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Peru
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Peru
255
Philippines
Key indicators
5,000
Philippines
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
256
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Philippines
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Philippines
257
Poland
Key indicators
40,000
Poland
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
258
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Poland
XXX
Economies
Economiesinintransition
transitionfrom
from2 2toto3 3
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Poland
259
Portugal
Key indicators
40,000
Portugal
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
260
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Portugal
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Portugal
261
Puerto Rico
Key indicators
Population (millions), 2008.........................................4.0
GDP (US$ billions), 2007...........................................88.9
GDP per capita (US$), 2007 ..............................22,595.0
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total...................n/a
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
262
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Puerto Rico
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Puerto Rico
263
Qatar
Key indicators
100,000
Qatar
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
264
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Qatar
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Qatar
265
Romania
Key indicators
40,000
Romania
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
266
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Romania
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Romania
267
Russian Federation
Key indicators
40,000
Russian Federation
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
268
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Russian Federation
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Russian Federation
269
Saudi Arabia
Key indicators
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
270
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Saudi Arabia
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Saudi Arabia
271
Senegal
Key indicators
2,000
Senegal
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
272
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Senegal
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Senegal
273
Serbia
Key indicators
12,000
Serbia
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
274
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Serbia
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Serbia
275
Singapore
Key indicators
60,000
Singapore
OECD
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
276
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Singapore
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Singapore
277
Slovak Republic
Key indicators
40,000
Slovak Republic
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
278
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Slovak Republic
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Slovak Republic
279
Slovenia
Key indicators
40,000
Slovenia
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
280
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Slovenia
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Slovenia
281
South Africa
Key indicators
40,000
South Africa
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
282
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
South Africa
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
South Africa
283
Spain
Key indicators
40,000
Spain
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
284
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Spain
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Spain
285
Sri Lanka
Key indicators
5,000
Sri Lanka
South Asia
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
286
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Sri Lanka
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Sri Lanka
287
Suriname
Key indicators
10,000
Suriname
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
288
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Suriname
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Suriname
289
Sweden
Key indicators
40,000
Sweden
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
290
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Sweden
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Sweden
291
Switzerland
Key indicators
50,000
Switzerland
OECD
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
292
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Switzerland
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Switzerland
293
Syria
Key indicators
8,000
Syria
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
294
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Syria
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Syria
295
Taiwan, China
Key indicators
40,000
Taiwan, China
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
296
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Taiwan, China
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Taiwan, China
297
Tajikistan
Key indicators
12,000
Tajikistan
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
298
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Tajikistan
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Tajikistan
299
Tanzania
Key indicators
2,000
Tanzania
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
300
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Tanzania
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Tanzania
301
Thailand
Key indicators
10,000
Thailand
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
302
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Thailand
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Thailand
303
Timor-Leste
Key indicators
5,000
Timor-Leste
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
304
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Timor-Leste
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Timor-Leste
305
25,000
Trinidad
XXX and Tobago
&&&
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
306
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
307
Tunisia
Key indicators
8,000
Tunisia
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
308
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Tunisia
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Tunisia
309
Turkey
Key indicators
40,000
Turkey
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
310
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Turkey
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Turkey
311
Uganda
Key indicators
2,000
Uganda
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
312
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Uganda
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Uganda
313
Ukraine
Key indicators
12,000
Ukraine
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
314
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Ukraine
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Ukraine
315
40,000
UnitedXXX
Arab Emirates&&&
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
316
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
United Arab
XXX
Emirates
Innovation-driven
Innovation-driven
economies
economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
317
United Kingdom
Key indicators
40,000
United Kingdom
OECD
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
318
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
United Kingdom
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
United Kingdom
319
United States
Key indicators
50,000
United States
OECD
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
320
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
United States
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
United States
321
Uruguay
Key indicators
15,000
Uruguay
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
322
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Uruguay
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Uruguay
323
Venezuela
Key indicators
15,000
Venezuela
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
324
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Venezuela
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Venezuela
325
Vietnam
Key indicators
5,000
Vietnam
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
326
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Vietnam
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Vietnam
327
Zambia
Key indicators
2,000
Zambia
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
328
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Zambia
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
9.08
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Zambia
329
Zimbabwe
Key indicators
2,000
Zimbabwe
Sub-Saharan Africa
1,500
1,000
500
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
330
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
stability
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
sophistication
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Zimbabwe
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them
between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
Competitive Advantage
RANK/133
INDICATOR
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Competitive Disadvantage
RANK/133
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
* Hard data
Note: For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to
Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
Zimbabwe
331
2.2
Data Tables
333
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
XI.
XII.
Survey data
Property rights
How would you rate the protection of property rights, including financial assets, in your country? (1 = very weak; 7 = very strong) | 20082009
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.5
Switzerland ........................6.5
Denmark ............................6.5
Finland................................6.5
Singapore ...........................6.4
Sweden..............................6.4
Austria................................6.4
Luxembourg.......................6.3
Hong Kong SAR .................6.3
Germany ............................6.3
Norway...............................6.3
New Zealand ......................6.2
Canada ...............................6.2
Australia .............................6.2
Netherlands........................6.1
Ireland ................................6.1
Qatar ..................................6.0
Iceland................................6.0
Puerto Rico ........................6.0
Japan..................................5.9
South Africa .......................5.9
Namibia ..............................5.8
France ................................5.8
Belgium..............................5.8
Jordan ................................5.8
Barbados ............................5.7
Oman .................................5.6
Estonia ...............................5.6
United Kingdom .................5.6
Cyprus................................5.5
United States .....................5.5
Chile ...................................5.5
Bahrain ...............................5.5
Malta ..................................5.5
United Arab Emirates.........5.5
Taiwan, China.....................5.4
Mauritius ............................5.4
Saudi Arabia .......................5.3
Botswana ...........................5.3
China ..................................5.2
Malaysia .............................5.2
Portugal..............................5.2
Tunisia ................................5.2
Spain ..................................5.1
Gambia, The.......................5.1
Kuwait ................................5.1
Syria ...................................5.0
Greece ...............................5.0
Korea, Rep. ........................5.0
Brunei Darussalam.............4.9
Panama ..............................4.9
Slovenia..............................4.8
Latvia..................................4.8
Uruguay..............................4.8
India ...................................4.8
Czech Republic ..................4.7
Montenegro .......................4.7
Hungary..............................4.6
Morocco.............................4.6
Slovak Republic..................4.6
Jamaica ..............................4.5
Lithuania.............................4.5
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.5
Costa Rica ..........................4.5
Zambia ...............................4.5
Israel ..................................4.5
Vietnam..............................4.4
Egypt..................................4.4
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
SCORE
Basic indicators
Institutions
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic stability
Health and primary education
Higher education and training
Goods market efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Financial market sophistication
Technological readiness
Market size
Business sophistication
Innovation
1.01
MEAN: 4.5
335
Hard data
0.01
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Ecuador ...........................52,572
Bulgaria ...........................51,989
Serbia ..............................50,061
Lithuania..........................47,304
Azerbaijan........................46,378
Dominican Republic ........45,597
Tunisia .............................40,348
Sri Lanka .........................39,604
Guatemala .......................38,956
Latvia...............................34,054
Uruguay...........................32,262
Kenya ..............................30,236
Costa Rica .......................29,828
Ethiopia ...........................25,658
Cyprus .............................24,943
Trinidad and Tobago ........24,806
Cte dIvoire....................23,508
Cameroon .......................23,243
Estonia ............................23,232
Panama ...........................23,088
El Salvador ......................22,115
Bahrain ............................21,236
Tanzania...........................20,721
Jordan .............................20,030
Bosnia and Herzegovina .18,469
Iceland.............................17,549
Bolivia..............................17,413
Ghana ..............................16,124
Paraguay .........................16,006
Brunei Darussalam..........14,553
Uganda ............................14,529
Jamaica ...........................14,397
Zambia ............................14,323
Honduras.........................14,126
Botswana ........................13,461
Senegal ...........................13,350
Albania ............................12,964
Georgia............................12,870
Nepal ...............................12,698
Zimbabwe1......................11,977
Armenia...........................11,928
Cambodia ........................11,182
Mozambique .....................9,654
Macedonia, FYR................9,569
Madagascar.......................9,254
Mali ...................................8,783
Mauritius ...........................8,738
Namibia .............................8,456
Chad ..................................8,390
Malta .................................8,338
Burkina Faso .....................8,103
Benin .................................6,940
Nicaragua ..........................6,350
Mongolia ...........................5,258
Tajikistan............................5,135
Kyrgyz Republic.................5,049
Montenegro ......................4,822
Malawi ..............................4,268
Barbados ...........................3,682
Mauritania .........................3,161
Suriname ...........................2,984
Lesotho .............................1,620
Guyana ..............................1,130
Burundi..............................1,097
Gambia, The.........................808
Timor-Leste ..........................499
336
HARD DATA
Property rights...............................................................346
Intellectual property protection .....................................347
Diversion of public funds ..............................................348
Public trust of politicians ...............................................349
Judicial independence ...................................................350
Favoritism in decisions of government officials............351
Wastefulness of government spending ........................352
Burden of government regulation .................................353
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ........354
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regs ........355
Transparency of government policymaking...................356
Business costs of terrorism ..........................................357
Business costs of crime and violence ..........................358
Organized crime ............................................................359
Reliability of police services ..........................................360
Ethical behavior of firms ...............................................361
Strength of auditing and reporting standards ...............362
Efficacy of corporate boards .........................................363
Protection of minority shareholders interests..............364
(Contd.)
337
338
Data Tables
Basic Indicators
339
340
0.01
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Ecuador ...........................52,572
Bulgaria ...........................51,989
Serbia ..............................50,061
Lithuania..........................47,304
Azerbaijan........................46,378
Dominican Republic ........45,597
Tunisia .............................40,348
Sri Lanka .........................39,604
Guatemala .......................38,956
Latvia...............................34,054
Uruguay...........................32,262
Kenya ..............................30,236
Costa Rica .......................29,828
Ethiopia ...........................25,658
Cyprus .............................24,943
Trinidad and Tobago ........24,806
Cte dIvoire....................23,508
Cameroon .......................23,243
Estonia ............................23,232
Panama ...........................23,088
El Salvador ......................22,115
Bahrain ............................21,236
Tanzania...........................20,721
Jordan .............................20,030
Bosnia and Herzegovina .18,469
Iceland.............................17,549
Bolivia..............................17,413
Ghana ..............................16,124
Paraguay .........................16,006
Brunei Darussalam..........14,553
Uganda ............................14,529
Jamaica ...........................14,397
Zambia ............................14,323
Honduras.........................14,126
Botswana ........................13,461
Senegal ...........................13,350
Albania ............................12,964
Georgia............................12,870
Nepal ...............................12,698
Zimbabwe1......................11,977
Armenia...........................11,928
Cambodia ........................11,182
Mozambique .....................9,654
Macedonia, FYR................9,569
Madagascar.......................9,254
Mali ...................................8,783
Mauritius ...........................8,738
Namibia .............................8,456
Chad ..................................8,390
Malta .................................8,338
Burkina Faso .....................8,103
Benin .................................6,940
Nicaragua ..........................6,350
Mongolia ...........................5,258
Tajikistan............................5,135
Kyrgyz Republic.................5,049
Montenegro ......................4,822
Malawi ..............................4,268
Barbados ...........................3,682
Mauritania .........................3,161
Suriname ...........................2,984
Lesotho .............................1,620
Guyana ..............................1,130
Burundi..............................1,097
Gambia, The.........................808
Timor-Leste ..........................499
HARD DATA
SOURCE: IMF, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2009); national sources
1 2007
9/15/09
9:23 AM
0.02
Page 341
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY................HARD DATA
China ..............................1,336.3
India ...............................1,186.2
United States ....................308.8
Indonesia...........................234.3
Brazil .................................194.2
Pakistan.............................167.0
Bangladesh .......................161.3
Nigeria ...............................151.5
Russian Federation ...........141.8
Japan.................................127.9
Mexico ..............................107.8
Philippines ...........................89.7
Vietnam ...............................88.5
Ethiopia ...............................85.2
Germany .............................82.5
Egypt ...................................76.8
Turkey..................................75.8
Thailand ...............................64.3
France .................................61.9
United Kingdom ..................61.0
Italy .....................................58.9
South Africa ........................48.8
Korea, Rep. .........................48.4
Colombia .............................46.7
Ukraine ................................45.9
Spain ...................................44.6
Tanzania...............................41.5
Argentina.............................39.9
Kenya ..................................38.6
Poland .................................38.0
Algeria .................................34.4
Canada ................................33.2
Uganda ................................31.9
Morocco ..............................31.6
Nepal ...................................28.8
Peru.....................................28.2
Venezuela ............................28.1
Malaysia ..............................27.0
Saudi Arabia ........................25.3
Ghana ..................................23.9
Taiwan, China ......................22.7
Mozambique .......................21.8
Romania ..............................21.3
Australia ..............................21.0
Syria ....................................20.4
Madagascar.........................20.2
Cte d'Ivoire........................19.6
Sri Lanka .............................19.4
Cameroon ...........................18.9
Chile ....................................16.8
Netherlands.........................16.5
Kazakhstan ..........................15.5
Burkina Faso .......................15.2
Cambodia ............................14.7
Malawi ................................14.3
Guatemala ...........................13.7
Ecuador ...............................13.5
Zimbabwe ...........................13.5
Mali .....................................12.7
Senegal ...............................12.7
Zambia ................................12.2
Greece ................................11.2
Chad ....................................11.1
Portugal ...............................10.7
Belgium ...............................10.5
Tunisia .................................10.4
Czech Republic ...................10.2
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Hungary...............................10.0
Dominican Republic ..............9.9
Serbia ....................................9.9
Bolivia....................................9.7
Benin .....................................9.3
Sweden .................................9.2
Burundi..................................8.9
Azerbaijan..............................8.5
Austria ...................................8.4
Bulgaria .................................7.6
Switzerland ...........................7.5
Hong Kong SAR ....................7.3
Honduras...............................7.2
El Salvador ............................7.0
Israel .....................................7.0
Tajikistan................................6.8
Libya......................................6.3
Paraguay ...............................6.2
Jordan ...................................6.1
Nicaragua ..............................5.7
Denmark ...............................5.5
Kyrgyz Republic.....................5.4
Slovak Republic.....................5.4
Finland...................................5.3
Norway..................................4.7
Croatia ...................................4.6
Costa Rica .............................4.5
Singapore ..............................4.5
United Arab Emirates............4.5
Georgia..................................4.4
Ireland ...................................4.4
New Zealand .........................4.2
Puerto Rico ...........................4.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina .......3.9
Lithuania................................3.4
Panama .................................3.4
Uruguay.................................3.4
Albania ..................................3.2
Mauritania .............................3.2
Armenia.................................3.0
Kuwait ...................................2.9
Jamaica .................................2.7
Mongolia ...............................2.7
Oman ....................................2.7
Latvia.....................................2.3
Namibia .................................2.1
Lesotho .................................2.0
Macedonia, FYR....................2.0
Slovenia.................................2.0
Botswana ..............................1.9
Gambia, The..........................1.8
Estonia ..................................1.3
Mauritius ...............................1.3
Trinidad and Tobago ..............1.3
Timor-Leste ...........................1.2
Cyprus ...................................0.9
Qatar .....................................0.9
Bahrain ..................................0.8
Guyana ..................................0.7
Montenegro ..........................0.6
Luxembourg ..........................0.5
Suriname ...............................0.5
Malta .....................................0.4
Brunei Darussalam................0.4
Iceland...................................0.3
Barbados ...............................0.3
SOURCE: UNFPA, State of World Population 2008; Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (June 2009)
Part 2B
341
342
0.03
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Luxembourg ...............113,044.0
Norway.........................95,061.8
Qatar ............................93,204.1
Switzerland ..................67,384.5
Denmark ......................62,625.6
Ireland ..........................61,809.6
Iceland..........................55,462.2
United Arab Emirates...54,606.5
Sweden ........................52,789.6
Netherlands..................52,019.0
Finland..........................51,989.4
Austria ..........................50,098.4
Australia .......................47,400.4
Belgium ........................47,107.8
United States ...............46,859.1
France ..........................46,015.9
Kuwait ..........................45,920.3
Canada .........................45,428.2
Germany ......................44,660.4
United Kingdom ...........43,785.3
Italy ..............................38,996.2
Singapore .....................38,972.1
Japan............................38,559.1
Brunei Darussalam.......37,053.0
Spain ............................35,331.5
Cyprus ..........................32,772.1
Greece .........................32,004.6
Hong Kong SAR ...........30,755.1
New Zealand ................30,049.5
Israel ............................28,365.4
Bahrain .........................27,247.8
Slovenia........................27,148.6
Portugal ........................22,997.4
Puerto Rico1 .................22,595.0
Czech Republic ............21,027.5
Malta ............................20,202.3
Korea, Rep. ..................19,504.5
Saudi Arabia .................19,345.3
Trinidad and Tobago .....19,012.5
Oman ...........................18,987.8
Slovak Republic............17,630.1
Estonia .........................17,299.1
Taiwan, China ...............17,040.1
Libya.............................16,114.7
Croatia ..........................15,628.1
Hungary........................15,542.3
Latvia............................14,997.3
Lithuania.......................14,085.9
Poland ..........................13,798.9
Barbados ......................13,355.9
Russian Federation ......11,806.9
Venezuela .....................11,388.3
Turkey...........................10,471.7
Mexico .........................10,234.8
Chile .............................10,123.8
Uruguay........................10,081.9
Romania .........................9,291.7
Kazakhstan .....................8,502.1
Argentina........................8,214.1
Brazil ..............................8,197.4
Malaysia .........................8,140.7
Botswana .......................7,554.2
Mauritius ........................6,871.8
Bulgaria ..........................6,856.9
Panama ..........................6,784.1
Serbia .............................6,781.9
Costa Rica ......................6,579.9
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Montenegro ...................6,509.0
South Africa ...................5,693.3
Suriname ........................5,598.8
Azerbaijan.......................5,349.4
Jamaica ..........................5,335.1
Dominican Republic .......5,122.0
Colombia ........................4,985.2
Macedonia, FYR.............4,656.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina 4,625.4
Algeria ............................4,588.2
Peru................................4,452.5
Namibia ..........................4,135.4
Thailand ..........................4,115.3
Albania ...........................4,073.9
Ukraine ...........................3,920.1
Tunisia ............................3,907.2
El Salvador .....................3,823.6
Ecuador ..........................3,776.3
Jordan ............................3,421.4
Armenia..........................3,360.5
China ..............................3,315.3
Georgia...........................2,925.1
Guatemala ......................2,848.1
Syria ...............................2,756.6
Morocco .........................2,748.2
Paraguay ........................2,601.1
Indonesia........................2,246.3
Egypt ..............................2,160.9
Mongolia ........................1,980.8
Sri Lanka ........................1,971.8
Philippines ......................1,866.0
Honduras........................1,842.4
Bolivia.............................1,736.5
Guyana ...........................1,479.8
Nigeria ............................1,450.5
Cameroon ......................1,199.2
Zambia ...........................1,150.5
Cte dIvoire...................1,132.2
Senegal ..........................1,066.4
Pakistan..........................1,044.5
Mauritania ......................1,042.4
Vietnam ..........................1,040.4
Nicaragua .......................1,025.3
India ...............................1,016.2
Kyrgyz Republic.................950.5
Chad ..................................862.3
Kenya ................................857.4
Benin .................................856.0
Cambodia ..........................818.1
Tajikistan............................795.1
Ghana ................................715.6
Lesotho .............................661.0
Mali ...................................657.4
Burkina Faso .....................577.0
Tanzania.............................521.4
Bangladesh .......................506.1
Gambia, The......................495.6
Timor-Leste .......................468.8
Mozambique .....................462.3
Nepal .................................459.3
Madagascar.......................457.8
Uganda ..............................453.4
Ethiopia .............................324.0
Malawi ..............................312.5
Burundi..............................138.0
Zimbabwe1..........................54.6
HARD DATA
SOURCE: IMF, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2008); European Bank for Reconstruction and Development; national sources
1 2007
Gross domestic product (valued at purchasing power parity) as a percentage of world GDP | 2008
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
78
80
81
82
82
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
98
98
101
102
103
103
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
111
113
114
114
116
117
117
119
120
121
122
122
124
125
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
HARD DATA
0.04
343
Data Tables
Section I
Institutions
345
346
1.01
Property rights
How would you rate the protection of property rights, including financial assets, in your country? (1 = very weak; 7 = very strong) | 20082009
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.5
Switzerland ........................6.5
Denmark ............................6.5
Finland................................6.5
Singapore ...........................6.4
Sweden..............................6.4
Austria................................6.4
Luxembourg.......................6.3
Hong Kong SAR .................6.3
Germany ............................6.3
Norway...............................6.3
New Zealand ......................6.2
Canada ...............................6.2
Australia .............................6.2
Netherlands........................6.1
Ireland ................................6.1
Qatar ..................................6.0
Iceland................................6.0
Puerto Rico ........................6.0
Japan..................................5.9
South Africa .......................5.9
Namibia ..............................5.8
France ................................5.8
Belgium..............................5.8
Jordan ................................5.8
Barbados ............................5.7
Oman .................................5.6
Estonia ...............................5.6
United Kingdom .................5.6
Cyprus................................5.5
United States .....................5.5
Chile ...................................5.5
Bahrain ...............................5.5
Malta ..................................5.5
United Arab Emirates.........5.5
Taiwan, China.....................5.4
Mauritius ............................5.4
Saudi Arabia .......................5.3
Botswana ...........................5.3
China ..................................5.2
Malaysia .............................5.2
Portugal..............................5.2
Tunisia ................................5.2
Spain ..................................5.1
Gambia, The.......................5.1
Kuwait ................................5.1
Syria ...................................5.0
Greece ...............................5.0
Korea, Rep. ........................5.0
Brunei Darussalam.............4.9
Panama ..............................4.9
Slovenia..............................4.8
Latvia..................................4.8
Uruguay..............................4.8
India ...................................4.8
Czech Republic ..................4.7
Montenegro .......................4.7
Hungary..............................4.6
Morocco.............................4.6
Slovak Republic..................4.6
Jamaica ..............................4.5
Lithuania.............................4.5
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.5
Costa Rica ..........................4.5
Zambia ...............................4.5
Israel ..................................4.5
Vietnam..............................4.4
Egypt..................................4.4
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
SCORE
MEAN: 4.5
How would you rate intellectual property protection, including anti-counterfeiting measures, in your country? (1 = very weak; 7 = very
strong) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
5
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
Singapore ...........................6.2
Sweden..............................6.1
Finland................................6.1
Switzerland ........................6.1
Austria................................6.1
Denmark ............................6.0
New Zealand ......................6.0
Luxembourg.......................5.9
Netherlands........................5.8
France ................................5.8
Puerto Rico ........................5.8
Australia .............................5.8
Germany ............................5.7
Norway...............................5.7
United Arab Emirates.........5.6
Ireland ................................5.6
Iceland................................5.5
Canada ...............................5.5
United States .....................5.4
Japan..................................5.4
United Kingdom .................5.3
Belgium..............................5.3
Hong Kong SAR .................5.3
South Africa .......................5.2
Bahrain ...............................5.1
Oman .................................5.0
Taiwan, China.....................5.0
Barbados ............................4.9
Cyprus................................4.7
Jordan ................................4.7
Saudi Arabia .......................4.6
Namibia ..............................4.6
Portugal..............................4.6
Estonia ...............................4.6
Gambia, The.......................4.6
Qatar ..................................4.5
Malaysia .............................4.5
Slovenia..............................4.5
Malta ..................................4.4
Spain ..................................4.3
Korea, Rep. ........................4.2
Greece ...............................4.1
Tunisia ................................4.0
Israel ..................................4.0
China ..................................4.0
Czech Republic ..................4.0
Kuwait ................................4.0
Mauritius ............................4.0
Botswana ...........................3.9
Italy ....................................3.9
Brunei Darussalam.............3.9
Uruguay..............................3.9
Hungary..............................3.9
Azerbaijan...........................3.8
Panama ..............................3.8
Lithuania.............................3.8
Slovak Republic..................3.7
Egypt..................................3.7
Syria ...................................3.7
Latvia..................................3.6
India ...................................3.6
Zambia ...............................3.6
Sri Lanka ............................3.6
Poland ................................3.6
Chile ...................................3.6
Costa Rica ..........................3.5
Indonesia............................3.5
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Croatia................................3.5
Jamaica ..............................3.5
Malawi ...............................3.4
Lesotho ..............................3.4
Romania .............................3.4
Montenegro .......................3.3
Ethiopia ..............................3.3
Senegal ..............................3.3
Burkina Faso ......................3.3
Thailand..............................3.3
Kazakhstan .........................3.2
Dominican Republic ...........3.2
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.2
Mexico ...............................3.2
Libya...................................3.2
Mali ....................................3.2
Ghana.................................3.2
Tajikistan.............................3.1
Morocco.............................3.1
Kenya .................................3.1
Nigeria................................3.1
Tanzania..............................3.1
Honduras............................3.1
Macedonia, FYR.................3.1
Brazil ..................................3.0
Vietnam..............................3.0
Colombia ............................3.0
Pakistan..............................3.0
El Salvador .........................2.9
Benin..................................2.9
Philippines..........................2.9
Zimbabwe ..........................2.9
Georgia...............................2.8
Serbia .................................2.8
Russian Federation ............2.7
Cambodia ...........................2.7
Nicaragua ...........................2.7
Turkey.................................2.7
Timor-Leste ........................2.7
Armenia..............................2.7
Ukraine...............................2.6
Bulgaria ..............................2.6
Algeria ................................2.6
Nepal..................................2.6
Cameroon ..........................2.6
Madagascar........................2.6
Uganda...............................2.5
Guatemala..........................2.5
Peru....................................2.5
Argentina............................2.5
Mongolia ............................2.5
Mozambique ......................2.5
Albania ...............................2.5
Mauritania ..........................2.4
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.4
Guyana ...............................2.4
Bangladesh ........................2.4
Suriname............................2.3
Ecuador ..............................2.3
Chad...................................2.2
Paraguay ............................2.1
Cte dIvoire ......................2.1
Burundi...............................2.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.0
Venezuela...........................2.0
Bolivia.................................1.7
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
1.02
347
348
1.03
In your country, how common is diversion of public funds to companies, individuals, or groups due to corruption? (1 = very common; 7 = never
occurs) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Peru....................................3.4
Latvia..................................3.4
Panama ..............................3.4
El Salvador .........................3.4
Morocco.............................3.3
Sri Lanka ............................3.3
Timor-Leste ........................3.3
Romania .............................3.3
Libya...................................3.2
Serbia .................................3.2
Kazakhstan .........................3.2
Zambia ...............................3.2
Croatia................................3.2
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.2
Vietnam..............................3.2
Burkina Faso ......................3.2
Italy ....................................3.1
Ghana.................................3.1
Greece ...............................3.1
Syria ...................................3.1
Egypt..................................3.1
Pakistan..............................3.1
Guyana ...............................3.1
Czech Republic ..................3.0
Turkey.................................3.0
Jamaica ..............................3.0
Hungary..............................3.0
Slovak Republic..................3.0
Algeria ................................3.0
Tanzania..............................3.0
Cambodia ...........................3.0
Colombia ............................2.9
Mexico ...............................2.9
Madagascar........................2.9
Nepal..................................2.8
Mauritania ..........................2.8
Armenia..............................2.8
Honduras............................2.8
Russian Federation ............2.7
Guatemala..........................2.7
Nicaragua ...........................2.6
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.6
Bangladesh ........................2.6
Mozambique ......................2.6
Mali ....................................2.6
Bulgaria ..............................2.6
Senegal ..............................2.6
Ukraine...............................2.5
Benin..................................2.5
Kenya .................................2.5
Mongolia ............................2.4
Nigeria................................2.3
Zimbabwe ..........................2.3
Brazil ..................................2.3
Philippines..........................2.3
Ecuador ..............................2.2
Argentina............................2.2
Burundi...............................2.2
Uganda...............................2.1
Dominican Republic ...........2.1
Cte dIvoire ......................2.1
Cameroon ..........................2.0
Bolivia.................................2.0
Paraguay ............................1.9
Chad...................................1.9
Venezuela...........................1.8
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
How would you rate the level of public trust in the ethical standards of politicians in your country? (1 = very low; 7 = very high) | 20082009
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.0
Singapore ...........................6.4
Denmark ............................6.1
Qatar ..................................6.0
United Arab Emirates.........5.9
Luxembourg.......................5.9
Sweden..............................5.8
Norway...............................5.7
Switzerland ........................5.6
New Zealand ......................5.6
Finland................................5.5
Netherlands........................5.3
Oman .................................5.3
Saudi Arabia .......................4.9
Australia .............................4.9
Hong Kong SAR .................4.8
Tunisia ................................4.7
Barbados ............................4.7
Iceland................................4.7
Botswana ...........................4.6
Brunei Darussalam.............4.4
Gambia, The.......................4.4
Cyprus................................4.4
Canada ...............................4.2
Austria................................4.2
Germany ............................4.1
China ..................................4.0
Namibia ..............................4.0
Uruguay..............................3.9
France ................................3.9
Malta ..................................3.9
Jordan ................................3.9
Bahrain ...............................3.9
Malaysia .............................3.8
Costa Rica ..........................3.8
Azerbaijan...........................3.7
Vietnam..............................3.6
Egypt..................................3.5
Israel ..................................3.5
Kuwait ................................3.5
Belgium..............................3.5
United Kingdom .................3.4
Taiwan, China.....................3.4
United States .....................3.4
Portugal..............................3.4
Slovenia..............................3.4
Montenegro .......................3.4
Chile ...................................3.4
Syria ...................................3.3
Ireland ................................3.3
Spain ..................................3.2
Estonia ...............................3.2
Indonesia............................3.2
Kazakhstan .........................3.1
Japan..................................3.1
Timor-Leste ........................3.1
Tajikistan.............................3.1
Malawi ...............................3.1
Libya...................................3.1
Cambodia ...........................3.0
Mauritius ............................3.0
Tanzania..............................2.9
Ghana.................................2.9
Ethiopia ..............................2.9
Morocco.............................2.9
South Africa .......................2.8
Lesotho ..............................2.8
Korea, Rep. ........................2.8
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
SCORE
MEAN: 3.0
1.04
349
350
1.05
Judicial independence
To what extent is the judiciary in your country independent from influences of members of government, citizens, or firms? (1 = heavily influenced;
7 = entirely independent) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Vietnam..............................3.8
Ghana.................................3.8
Zambia ...............................3.7
Lithuania.............................3.7
Latvia..................................3.7
Tanzania..............................3.7
Turkey.................................3.7
Greece ...............................3.7
Colombia ............................3.6
Benin..................................3.6
Brazil ..................................3.6
Mali ....................................3.6
Morocco.............................3.5
Slovak Republic..................3.5
Bangladesh ........................3.5
Lesotho ..............................3.5
Romania .............................3.5
Tajikistan.............................3.3
Syria ...................................3.3
Nepal..................................3.3
Dominican Republic ...........3.3
Timor-Leste ........................3.3
Guyana ...............................3.3
Mexico ...............................3.2
Uganda...............................3.2
Italy ....................................3.1
Philippines..........................3.1
Pakistan..............................3.1
Burkina Faso ......................3.1
Kazakhstan .........................3.1
Croatia................................3.1
El Salvador .........................3.0
Guatemala..........................3.0
Ethiopia ..............................3.0
Honduras............................3.0
Panama ..............................3.0
Mozambique ......................3.0
Macedonia, FYR.................3.0
Albania ...............................2.9
Mauritania ..........................2.9
Bulgaria ..............................2.9
Peru....................................2.9
Serbia .................................2.8
Cambodia ...........................2.8
Algeria ................................2.8
Madagascar........................2.8
Senegal ..............................2.7
Kenya .................................2.7
Russian Federation ............2.7
Georgia...............................2.7
Mongolia ............................2.5
Cameroon ..........................2.4
Argentina............................2.4
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.3
Armenia..............................2.3
Ukraine...............................2.3
Nicaragua ...........................2.2
Chad...................................2.1
Burundi...............................2.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.1
Bolivia.................................2.1
Zimbabwe ..........................2.0
Ecuador ..............................2.0
Cte dIvoire ......................1.9
Paraguay ............................1.6
Venezuela...........................1.4
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
To what extent do government officials in your country show favoritism to well-connected firms and individuals when deciding upon policies and
contracts? (1 = always show favoritism; 7 = never show favoritism) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.3
Sweden..............................5.8
Singapore ...........................5.8
Denmark ............................5.7
New Zealand ......................5.7
Netherlands........................5.4
Qatar ..................................5.4
Finland................................5.4
Norway...............................5.2
Luxembourg.......................5.1
Switzerland ........................5.0
United Arab Emirates.........5.0
Germany ............................5.0
Australia .............................5.0
Oman .................................4.6
Canada ...............................4.5
Iceland................................4.5
Japan..................................4.5
Tunisia ................................4.5
Saudi Arabia .......................4.4
Gambia, The.......................4.4
Botswana ...........................4.4
Austria................................4.3
Hong Kong SAR .................4.2
Uruguay..............................4.1
United Kingdom .................4.1
Barbados ............................4.0
Belgium..............................4.0
France ................................4.0
Ireland ................................4.0
Cyprus................................3.9
Taiwan, China.....................3.9
Brunei Darussalam.............3.9
Jordan ................................3.8
Costa Rica ..........................3.8
China ..................................3.8
Indonesia............................3.7
Malaysia .............................3.7
Israel ..................................3.7
Estonia ...............................3.6
Montenegro .......................3.6
Chile ...................................3.6
Azerbaijan...........................3.6
Namibia ..............................3.6
Portugal..............................3.6
Malta ..................................3.5
Spain ..................................3.5
Malawi ...............................3.4
United States .....................3.4
Tajikistan.............................3.3
Burkina Faso ......................3.3
Morocco.............................3.3
Benin..................................3.2
Mauritius ............................3.2
India ...................................3.2
Bahrain ...............................3.2
Slovenia..............................3.2
Vietnam..............................3.2
Kazakhstan .........................3.2
Ethiopia ..............................3.2
Georgia...............................3.2
Kuwait ................................3.1
Lesotho ..............................3.1
Tanzania..............................3.1
Poland ................................3.1
Korea, Rep. ........................3.1
Thailand..............................3.1
Puerto Rico ........................3.0
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Peru....................................3.0
South Africa .......................3.0
Lithuania.............................3.0
Cambodia ...........................3.0
Timor-Leste ........................3.0
Macedonia, FYR.................3.0
Brazil ..................................3.0
Libya...................................3.0
Syria ...................................2.9
Madagascar........................2.9
Nepal..................................2.9
Sri Lanka ............................2.9
Mauritania ..........................2.9
Egypt..................................2.9
Armenia..............................2.9
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.9
Albania ...............................2.9
Mexico ...............................2.8
Zambia ...............................2.8
Pakistan..............................2.8
Algeria ................................2.8
Cameroon ..........................2.8
Panama ..............................2.8
Mozambique ......................2.8
Croatia................................2.7
Greece ...............................2.7
Jamaica ..............................2.7
Turkey.................................2.7
Russian Federation ............2.7
Latvia..................................2.7
Suriname............................2.7
El Salvador .........................2.6
Guatemala..........................2.6
Mali ....................................2.6
Italy ....................................2.6
Senegal ..............................2.6
Czech Republic ..................2.6
Ghana.................................2.5
Honduras............................2.5
Trinidad and Tobago ...........2.5
Burundi...............................2.5
Ukraine...............................2.5
Bulgaria ..............................2.5
Colombia ............................2.5
Serbia .................................2.4
Guyana ...............................2.4
Hungary..............................2.4
Ecuador ..............................2.4
Chad...................................2.4
Romania .............................2.3
Nicaragua ...........................2.3
Bangladesh ........................2.3
Kenya .................................2.3
Nigeria................................2.3
Cte dIvoire ......................2.3
Mongolia ............................2.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.2
Uganda...............................2.2
Zimbabwe ..........................2.2
Slovak Republic..................2.1
Philippines..........................2.1
Paraguay ............................2.0
Argentina............................1.9
Bolivia.................................1.9
Venezuela...........................1.9
Dominican Republic ...........1.8
SCORE
MEAN: 3.3
1.06
351
352
1.07
How would you rate the composition of public spending in your country? (1 = extremely wasteful; 7 = highly efficient in providing necessary goods
and services) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.4
Singapore ...........................6.1
Qatar ..................................5.9
Oman .................................5.4
United Arab Emirates.........5.3
Tunisia ................................5.3
Hong Kong SAR .................5.1
Bahrain ...............................5.0
Luxembourg.......................5.0
Switzerland ........................4.9
Finland................................4.9
Gambia, The.......................4.9
Botswana ...........................4.8
Saudi Arabia .......................4.8
Denmark ............................4.7
Iceland................................4.7
Netherlands........................4.7
Sweden..............................4.7
Cyprus................................4.6
Brunei Darussalam.............4.6
Norway...............................4.5
Barbados ............................4.5
Australia .............................4.4
Malaysia .............................4.3
Austria................................4.2
Malawi ...............................4.2
Jordan ................................4.1
Taiwan, China.....................4.1
Indonesia............................4.1
Canada ...............................4.1
New Zealand ......................4.1
Germany ............................4.1
Montenegro .......................4.0
Benin..................................4.0
Malta ..................................4.0
China ..................................3.9
Namibia ..............................3.9
Costa Rica ..........................3.8
South Africa .......................3.8
Mauritius ............................3.8
Chile ...................................3.7
Peru....................................3.7
Ethiopia ..............................3.7
Thailand..............................3.7
France ................................3.7
Belgium..............................3.6
Libya...................................3.6
Israel ..................................3.6
Azerbaijan...........................3.6
Spain ..................................3.6
Georgia...............................3.5
El Salvador .........................3.5
Kazakhstan .........................3.5
Tajikistan.............................3.4
Armenia..............................3.4
India ...................................3.4
Estonia ...............................3.4
Cambodia ...........................3.4
Syria ...................................3.4
Morocco.............................3.4
Burkina Faso ......................3.4
Egypt..................................3.3
Timor-Leste ........................3.3
Ireland ................................3.3
Macedonia, FYR.................3.3
Albania ...............................3.3
Slovenia..............................3.3
Pakistan..............................3.3
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
SCORE
MEAN: 3.4
How burdensome is it for businesses in your country to comply with governmental administrative requirements (e.g., permits, regulations,
reporting)? (1 = extremely burdensome; 7 = not burdensome at all) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.3
Singapore ...........................5.6
Hong Kong SAR .................5.2
Georgia...............................4.8
Gambia, The.......................4.8
Iceland................................4.7
United Arab Emirates.........4.6
Oman .................................4.6
Estonia ...............................4.5
Mauritania ..........................4.4
Qatar ..................................4.3
Switzerland ........................4.3
Finland................................4.3
Luxembourg.......................4.2
Azerbaijan...........................4.2
Malaysia .............................4.1
Cyprus................................4.0
Barbados ............................4.0
Jordan ................................4.0
Sweden..............................4.0
Saudi Arabia .......................4.0
China ..................................3.9
Japan..................................3.9
Indonesia............................3.9
Tunisia ................................3.8
Slovenia..............................3.8
Malawi ...............................3.8
Denmark ............................3.8
Ethiopia ..............................3.8
Mauritius ............................3.7
Zambia ...............................3.7
New Zealand ......................3.7
Bahrain ...............................3.7
Honduras............................3.7
Namibia ..............................3.7
Panama ..............................3.7
Uganda...............................3.7
Taiwan, China.....................3.7
Guatemala..........................3.7
Brunei Darussalam.............3.7
Botswana ...........................3.6
Chile ...................................3.6
Canada ...............................3.6
Guyana ...............................3.5
Burkina Faso ......................3.5
Austria................................3.5
Lesotho ..............................3.5
Mali ....................................3.5
El Salvador .........................3.5
Norway...............................3.5
Thailand..............................3.5
Paraguay ............................3.5
Morocco.............................3.4
United States .....................3.4
Albania ...............................3.4
Timor-Leste ........................3.4
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.4
Nicaragua ...........................3.3
Tajikistan.............................3.3
Pakistan..............................3.3
Tanzania..............................3.3
Montenegro .......................3.3
Macedonia, FYR.................3.3
Costa Rica ..........................3.3
Armenia..............................3.2
South Africa .......................3.2
Australia .............................3.2
Senegal ..............................3.2
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Benin..................................3.2
Latvia..................................3.2
Egypt..................................3.2
Mozambique ......................3.2
Cambodia ...........................3.1
Libya...................................3.1
Ireland ................................3.1
Nigeria................................3.1
Israel ..................................3.1
Ghana.................................3.1
Dominican Republic ...........3.1
Chad...................................3.1
Kenya .................................3.1
Sri Lanka ............................3.1
Bulgaria ..............................3.1
Uruguay..............................3.0
Germany ............................3.0
Kazakhstan .........................3.0
United Kingdom .................3.0
Romania .............................3.0
Malta ..................................3.0
Madagascar........................3.0
Slovak Republic..................2.9
Netherlands........................2.9
Nepal..................................2.9
Turkey.................................2.9
Syria ...................................2.9
India ...................................2.9
Lithuania.............................2.9
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.9
Korea, Rep. ........................2.8
Portugal..............................2.8
Ecuador ..............................2.8
Bolivia.................................2.8
Cameroon ..........................2.7
Cte dIvoire ......................2.7
Burundi...............................2.7
Spain ..................................2.7
Vietnam..............................2.7
Colombia ............................2.7
Ukraine...............................2.7
Mongolia ............................2.7
Argentina............................2.7
Poland ................................2.7
Belgium..............................2.7
Philippines..........................2.7
Czech Republic ..................2.7
Kuwait ................................2.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.6
Mexico ...............................2.6
Zimbabwe ..........................2.6
Peru....................................2.5
Croatia................................2.5
Jamaica ..............................2.5
Suriname............................2.5
Bangladesh ........................2.5
Russian Federation ............2.4
Greece ...............................2.4
Algeria ................................2.4
France ................................2.3
Italy ....................................2.2
Serbia .................................2.2
Hungary..............................2.1
Puerto Rico ........................1.9
Brazil ..................................1.8
Venezuela...........................1.8
SCORE
MEAN: 3.3
1.08
353
354
1.09
How efficient is the legal framework in your country for private businesses in settling disputes? (1 = extremely inefficient; 7 = highly
efficient) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
Singapore ...........................6.3
Hong Kong SAR .................6.2
Sweden..............................6.2
New Zealand ......................5.9
Qatar ..................................5.8
Denmark ............................5.7
Norway...............................5.7
Luxembourg.......................5.7
United Arab Emirates.........5.5
United Kingdom .................5.5
Netherlands........................5.4
Australia .............................5.4
Switzerland ........................5.3
Austria................................5.3
Finland................................5.2
Canada ...............................5.2
Germany ............................5.1
South Africa .......................5.1
Oman .................................5.0
Gambia, The.......................5.0
Iceland................................5.0
Barbados ............................5.0
Tunisia ................................4.9
Puerto Rico ........................4.9
Cyprus................................4.8
Chile ...................................4.8
France ................................4.8
Jordan ................................4.7
Namibia ..............................4.7
Ireland ................................4.7
Japan..................................4.6
Brunei Darussalam.............4.6
United States .....................4.6
Botswana ...........................4.5
Mauritius ............................4.5
Malaysia .............................4.4
India ...................................4.4
Kuwait ................................4.4
Egypt..................................4.3
Estonia ...............................4.2
Malta ..................................4.2
Thailand..............................4.1
China ..................................4.1
Israel ..................................4.1
Taiwan, China.....................4.1
Benin..................................4.1
Nigeria................................4.0
Belgium..............................4.0
Vietnam..............................4.0
Slovenia..............................4.0
Sri Lanka ............................3.9
Libya...................................3.9
Montenegro .......................3.9
Burkina Faso ......................3.9
Costa Rica ..........................3.9
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.9
Morocco.............................3.9
Saudi Arabia .......................3.8
Indonesia............................3.8
Tanzania..............................3.8
Azerbaijan...........................3.8
Korea, Rep. ........................3.8
Malawi ...............................3.7
Mali ....................................3.7
Zambia ...............................3.7
Ghana.................................3.7
Uruguay..............................3.6
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Spain ..................................3.6
Uganda...............................3.6
Albania ...............................3.6
Dominican Republic ...........3.5
Cambodia ...........................3.5
Jamaica ..............................3.5
Senegal ..............................3.5
Mozambique ......................3.5
Lithuania.............................3.5
Tajikistan.............................3.4
Ethiopia ..............................3.4
Bahrain ...............................3.4
Czech Republic ..................3.4
El Salvador .........................3.4
Kazakhstan .........................3.4
Turkey.................................3.3
Timor-Leste ........................3.3
Colombia ............................3.3
Algeria ................................3.3
Panama ..............................3.3
Cameroon ..........................3.3
Mauritania ..........................3.3
Greece ...............................3.2
Georgia...............................3.2
Macedonia, FYR.................3.2
Zimbabwe ..........................3.2
Mexico ...............................3.2
Brazil ..................................3.1
Guatemala..........................3.1
Latvia..................................3.1
Honduras............................3.1
Hungary..............................3.1
Peru....................................3.0
Burundi...............................3.0
Slovak Republic..................3.0
Pakistan..............................3.0
Bangladesh ........................3.0
Romania .............................2.9
Kenya .................................2.9
Portugal..............................2.9
Madagascar........................2.9
Russian Federation ............2.9
Syria ...................................2.8
Armenia..............................2.8
Suriname............................2.8
Chad...................................2.8
Poland ................................2.8
Cte dIvoire ......................2.8
Bulgaria ..............................2.8
Lesotho ..............................2.8
Nicaragua ...........................2.7
Ecuador ..............................2.7
Nepal..................................2.7
Mongolia ............................2.7
Guyana ...............................2.7
Philippines..........................2.7
Serbia .................................2.6
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.6
Croatia................................2.6
Argentina............................2.6
Italy ....................................2.5
Paraguay ............................2.4
Ukraine...............................2.3
Bolivia.................................2.2
Venezuela...........................2.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....1.8
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
How efficient is the legal framework in your country for private businesses in challenging the legality of government actions and/or regulations?
(1 = extremely inefficient; 7 = highly efficient) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.7
Sweden..............................5.8
Luxembourg.......................5.6
New Zealand ......................5.6
Singapore ...........................5.6
Hong Kong SAR .................5.6
Denmark ............................5.4
Austria................................5.3
Switzerland ........................5.3
Finland................................5.2
Germany ............................5.2
Norway...............................5.2
Netherlands........................5.1
Iceland................................5.0
United Kingdom .................4.9
United Arab Emirates.........4.9
Canada ...............................4.8
France ................................4.8
Barbados ............................4.8
Namibia ..............................4.8
Australia .............................4.8
India ...................................4.7
South Africa .......................4.7
Israel ..................................4.6
Ireland ................................4.6
Cyprus................................4.6
Botswana ...........................4.6
Oman .................................4.5
Tunisia ................................4.5
Chile ...................................4.5
Benin..................................4.5
Bahrain ...............................4.4
Qatar ..................................4.4
Puerto Rico ........................4.4
Kuwait ................................4.4
United States .....................4.3
Jordan ................................4.3
Gambia, The.......................4.3
Mauritius ............................4.2
Costa Rica ..........................4.2
Malaysia .............................4.2
Japan..................................4.2
Azerbaijan...........................4.1
Malta ..................................4.0
Saudi Arabia .......................4.0
Malawi ...............................4.0
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.0
Estonia ...............................4.0
Vietnam..............................4.0
Taiwan, China.....................4.0
Thailand..............................4.0
Montenegro .......................3.9
Indonesia............................3.9
Morocco.............................3.9
Uruguay..............................3.9
Brunei Darussalam.............3.9
Belgium..............................3.9
China ..................................3.9
Sri Lanka ............................3.9
Burkina Faso ......................3.8
Slovenia..............................3.7
Libya...................................3.7
Albania ...............................3.7
Egypt..................................3.7
Uganda...............................3.6
Cambodia ...........................3.6
Spain ..................................3.6
Tanzania..............................3.6
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Mali ....................................3.6
Korea, Rep. ........................3.5
Czech Republic ..................3.5
Turkey.................................3.5
Colombia ............................3.5
Tajikistan.............................3.5
Ghana.................................3.4
Kazakhstan .........................3.4
Mozambique ......................3.3
El Salvador .........................3.3
Zambia ...............................3.3
Panama ..............................3.3
Mexico ...............................3.3
Brazil ..................................3.3
Lithuania.............................3.2
Jamaica ..............................3.2
Greece ...............................3.2
Nigeria................................3.2
Timor-Leste ........................3.2
Ethiopia ..............................3.1
Cameroon ..........................3.1
Bangladesh ........................3.1
Honduras............................3.1
Portugal..............................3.1
Peru....................................3.0
Guatemala..........................3.0
Madagascar........................3.0
Macedonia, FYR.................3.0
Mongolia ............................3.0
Romania .............................3.0
Armenia..............................2.9
Hungary..............................2.9
Algeria ................................2.9
Senegal ..............................2.9
Georgia...............................2.9
Pakistan..............................2.9
Latvia..................................2.8
Bulgaria ..............................2.8
Poland ................................2.8
Chad...................................2.8
Syria ...................................2.8
Philippines..........................2.8
Mauritania ..........................2.7
Russian Federation ............2.7
Guyana ...............................2.7
Cte dIvoire ......................2.7
Dominican Republic ...........2.7
Serbia .................................2.6
Italy ....................................2.6
Nepal..................................2.6
Croatia................................2.6
Kenya .................................2.6
Paraguay ............................2.6
Nicaragua ...........................2.6
Ecuador ..............................2.6
Slovak Republic..................2.5
Lesotho ..............................2.5
Suriname............................2.5
Burundi...............................2.5
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.5
Ukraine...............................2.2
Bolivia.................................2.2
Zimbabwe ..........................2.1
Argentina............................2.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....1.6
Venezuela...........................1.6
SCORE
MEAN: 3.7
1.10
355
356
1.11
How easy is it for businesses in your country to obtain information about changes in government policies and regulations affecting your industry?
(1 = impossible; 7 = extremely easy) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.3
Singapore ...........................6.3
Sweden..............................6.0
Hong Kong SAR .................6.0
Denmark ............................5.8
New Zealand ......................5.8
Luxembourg.......................5.7
Switzerland ........................5.7
Finland................................5.6
Qatar ..................................5.6
Iceland................................5.6
Norway...............................5.6
Taiwan, China.....................5.3
Ireland ................................5.3
Canada ...............................5.3
Australia .............................5.3
Barbados ............................5.3
Estonia ...............................5.2
Chile ...................................5.2
Oman .................................5.2
Netherlands........................5.2
United Arab Emirates.........5.1
Gambia, The.......................5.1
Tunisia ................................5.1
South Africa .......................5.1
Austria................................5.0
Mauritius ............................5.0
Cyprus................................5.0
Germany ............................5.0
Slovenia..............................5.0
Malaysia .............................4.9
United States .....................4.9
China ..................................4.8
Zambia ...............................4.8
Burkina Faso ......................4.8
Japan..................................4.8
Malta ..................................4.7
France ................................4.7
Botswana ...........................4.7
Namibia ..............................4.6
United Kingdom .................4.6
Jordan ................................4.6
Montenegro .......................4.6
India ...................................4.6
Saudi Arabia .......................4.6
Georgia...............................4.6
Brunei Darussalam.............4.5
Uruguay..............................4.5
Costa Rica ..........................4.5
Mali ....................................4.4
Malawi ...............................4.4
Azerbaijan...........................4.4
Colombia ............................4.4
Vietnam..............................4.4
Slovak Republic..................4.4
El Salvador .........................4.3
Guatemala..........................4.3
Egypt..................................4.3
Morocco.............................4.3
Panama ..............................4.3
Thailand..............................4.2
Lithuania.............................4.2
Benin..................................4.2
Belgium..............................4.2
Mauritania ..........................4.2
Armenia..............................4.2
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.2
Turkey.................................4.2
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Bahrain ...............................4.2
Jamaica ..............................4.2
Portugal..............................4.1
Puerto Rico ........................4.1
Macedonia, FYR.................4.1
Uganda...............................4.1
Peru....................................4.1
Mexico ...............................4.1
Cameroon ..........................4.0
Tanzania..............................4.0
Latvia..................................4.0
Nigeria................................4.0
Spain ..................................4.0
Mozambique ......................4.0
Dominican Republic ...........4.0
Kazakhstan .........................4.0
Guyana ...............................4.0
Zimbabwe ..........................4.0
Serbia .................................4.0
Indonesia............................3.9
Croatia................................3.9
Honduras............................3.9
Cte dIvoire ......................3.9
Israel ..................................3.9
Kenya .................................3.9
Madagascar........................3.9
Albania ...............................3.8
Greece ...............................3.8
Brazil ..................................3.8
Ethiopia ..............................3.8
Sri Lanka ............................3.7
Tajikistan.............................3.7
Korea, Rep. ........................3.7
Ghana.................................3.7
Lesotho ..............................3.7
Czech Republic ..................3.7
Philippines..........................3.7
Pakistan..............................3.7
Cambodia ...........................3.7
Ukraine...............................3.6
Kuwait ................................3.6
Italy ....................................3.6
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.6
Libya...................................3.6
Nicaragua ...........................3.6
Hungary..............................3.5
Russian Federation ............3.5
Bangladesh ........................3.5
Syria ...................................3.5
Nepal..................................3.5
Bulgaria ..............................3.4
Paraguay ............................3.4
Timor-Leste ........................3.4
Senegal ..............................3.4
Ecuador ..............................3.4
Mongolia ............................3.3
Suriname............................3.2
Argentina............................3.2
Algeria ................................3.1
Poland ................................3.1
Romania .............................3.1
Chad...................................3.0
Burundi...............................2.9
Bolivia.................................2.6
Venezuela...........................2.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.4
SCORE
MEAN: 4.3
Does the threat of terrorism impose costs on businesses in your country? (1 = significant costs; 7 = no costs) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 5.6
Austria................................6.8
Iceland................................6.8
Uruguay..............................6.8
Finland................................6.7
Brazil ..................................6.7
Syria ...................................6.7
Lithuania.............................6.7
Norway...............................6.7
Slovak Republic..................6.7
Estonia ...............................6.6
Senegal ..............................6.6
Montenegro .......................6.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....6.6
Brunei Darussalam.............6.6
United Arab Emirates.........6.6
Czech Republic ..................6.5
Latvia..................................6.5
Malta ..................................6.5
Hungary..............................6.5
Ireland ................................6.5
Oman .................................6.5
Malawi ...............................6.5
Qatar ..................................6.5
Libya...................................6.5
Chile ...................................6.5
Armenia..............................6.4
Mauritius ............................6.4
Luxembourg.......................6.4
Portugal..............................6.4
Cyprus................................6.4
Namibia ..............................6.4
Slovenia..............................6.4
Mongolia ............................6.3
Switzerland ........................6.3
Hong Kong SAR .................6.3
South Africa .......................6.3
Ghana.................................6.3
Zimbabwe ..........................6.3
Croatia................................6.3
Denmark ............................6.2
Argentina............................6.2
Romania .............................6.2
Tunisia ................................6.2
Gambia, The.......................6.2
Sweden..............................6.1
Ukraine...............................6.1
Belgium..............................6.1
Suriname............................6.1
Botswana ...........................6.1
Zambia ...............................6.1
Costa Rica ..........................6.1
Georgia...............................6.0
New Zealand ......................6.0
Puerto Rico ........................6.0
Dominican Republic ...........6.0
Jordan ................................6.0
Barbados ............................6.0
Germany ............................5.9
Albania ...............................5.9
Kuwait ................................5.9
Burkina Faso ......................5.8
Azerbaijan...........................5.8
Tanzania..............................5.8
Korea, Rep. ........................5.7
Macedonia, FYR.................5.7
China ..................................5.7
Jamaica ..............................5.7
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Taiwan, China.....................5.7
Poland ................................5.7
Italy ....................................5.6
Bahrain ...............................5.6
Paraguay ............................5.6
Panama ..............................5.6
Canada ...............................5.6
Ecuador ..............................5.5
France ................................5.5
Netherlands........................5.5
Mozambique ......................5.5
Singapore ...........................5.5
Russian Federation ............5.4
Trinidad and Tobago ...........5.4
Tajikistan.............................5.4
Cameroon ..........................5.4
Australia .............................5.4
Mali ....................................5.3
Kazakhstan .........................5.3
Greece ...............................5.3
Benin..................................5.3
Indonesia............................5.3
Cte dIvoire ......................5.3
Mexico ...............................5.2
Bulgaria ..............................5.2
Honduras............................5.2
Cambodia ...........................5.1
Ethiopia ..............................5.1
Peru....................................5.1
Malaysia .............................5.0
Serbia .................................5.0
Vietnam..............................5.0
El Salvador .........................4.9
Nigeria................................4.9
Guatemala..........................4.9
Saudi Arabia .......................4.9
Venezuela...........................4.9
Morocco.............................4.9
Egypt..................................4.9
Thailand..............................4.9
Japan..................................4.8
Israel ..................................4.8
Guyana ...............................4.8
Lesotho ..............................4.8
Nicaragua ...........................4.8
United Kingdom .................4.8
Madagascar........................4.8
Chad...................................4.8
Bolivia.................................4.7
India ...................................4.7
Kyrgyz Republic .................4.7
Spain ..................................4.6
Uganda...............................4.4
United States .....................4.4
Mauritania ..........................4.4
Bangladesh ........................4.4
Philippines..........................4.3
Timor-Leste ........................4.3
Turkey.................................4.1
Kenya .................................3.9
Algeria ................................3.8
Burundi...............................3.7
Nepal..................................3.4
Pakistan..............................3.0
Sri Lanka ............................2.9
Colombia ............................2.6
SCORE
MEAN: 5.6
1.12
357
358
1.13
Does the incidence of crime and violence impose costs on businesses in your country? (1 = significant costs; 7 = no costs) | 20082009 weighted
average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.7
Qatar ..................................6.7
Syria ...................................6.7
Finland................................6.5
Oman .................................6.5
Luxembourg.......................6.5
Iceland................................6.5
United Arab Emirates.........6.5
Norway...............................6.4
Hong Kong SAR .................6.4
Singapore ...........................6.3
Libya...................................6.3
Denmark ............................6.3
Cyprus................................6.2
Kuwait ................................6.2
Brunei Darussalam.............6.2
Malta ..................................6.2
Jordan ................................6.1
Switzerland ........................6.1
Austria................................6.1
Tunisia ................................6.0
Slovenia..............................5.9
Senegal ..............................5.9
Armenia..............................5.8
Belgium..............................5.8
New Zealand ......................5.8
Estonia ...............................5.8
Romania .............................5.7
Czech Republic ..................5.7
Germany ............................5.7
Israel ..................................5.7
Montenegro .......................5.7
Portugal..............................5.7
Bahrain ...............................5.7
Georgia...............................5.7
Sweden..............................5.6
Latvia..................................5.6
Gambia, The.......................5.5
Canada ...............................5.5
Ireland ................................5.5
Lithuania.............................5.4
Taiwan, China.....................5.4
Azerbaijan...........................5.4
China ..................................5.4
Croatia................................5.3
Slovak Republic..................5.3
Ukraine...............................5.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....5.3
Australia .............................5.3
France ................................5.3
India ...................................5.2
Korea, Rep. ........................5.2
Tajikistan.............................5.2
Egypt..................................5.2
Hungary..............................5.2
Saudi Arabia .......................5.1
Morocco.............................5.0
Netherlands........................5.0
Ethiopia ..............................5.0
Kazakhstan .........................5.0
Macedonia, FYR.................5.0
Thailand..............................4.9
Indonesia............................4.9
Albania ...............................4.9
Japan..................................4.9
Mauritius ............................4.9
Spain ..................................4.9
Tanzania..............................4.9
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Greece ...............................4.9
Mauritania ..........................4.8
Uruguay..............................4.8
Russian Federation ............4.7
Vietnam..............................4.7
United Kingdom .................4.7
United States .....................4.6
Mali ....................................4.6
Mongolia ............................4.6
Cambodia ...........................4.6
Botswana ...........................4.6
Benin..................................4.5
Chile ...................................4.5
Burkina Faso ......................4.5
Poland ................................4.5
Turkey.................................4.5
Zambia ...............................4.5
Malawi ...............................4.4
Suriname............................4.4
Barbados ............................4.4
Italy ....................................4.4
Panama ..............................4.4
Serbia .................................4.4
Zimbabwe ..........................4.4
Ghana.................................4.3
Algeria ................................4.3
Puerto Rico ........................4.3
Malaysia .............................4.3
Philippines..........................4.2
Kyrgyz Republic .................4.1
Bulgaria ..............................4.0
Sri Lanka ............................4.0
Namibia ..............................4.0
Nicaragua ...........................4.0
Cameroon ..........................3.9
Lesotho ..............................3.9
Costa Rica ..........................3.9
Uganda...............................3.8
Mozambique ......................3.8
Argentina............................3.7
Peru....................................3.7
Bolivia.................................3.6
Timor-Leste ........................3.6
Ecuador ..............................3.6
Bangladesh ........................3.6
Chad...................................3.5
Nigeria................................3.4
Madagascar........................3.4
Burundi...............................3.3
Paraguay ............................3.3
Brazil ..................................3.3
Pakistan..............................3.2
Dominican Republic ...........3.2
Nepal..................................3.1
Kenya .................................3.1
Honduras............................2.8
Mexico ...............................2.7
Cte dIvoire ......................2.7
Colombia ............................2.6
Guyana ...............................2.6
Trinidad and Tobago ...........2.5
Venezuela...........................2.4
Jamaica ..............................2.2
El Salvador .........................1.9
Guatemala..........................1.9
South Africa .......................1.7
SCORE
MEAN: 4.7
Organized crime
Does organized crime (mafia-oriented racketeering, extortion) impose costs on businesses in your country? (1 = significant costs; 7 = no
costs) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 5.2
Luxembourg.......................6.8
Iceland................................6.8
Qatar ..................................6.8
Denmark ............................6.8
Syria ...................................6.8
Finland................................6.7
Norway...............................6.7
Jordan ................................6.7
Singapore ...........................6.7
Malta ..................................6.7
United Arab Emirates.........6.6
Austria................................6.6
New Zealand ......................6.6
Oman .................................6.6
Egypt..................................6.6
Brunei Darussalam.............6.5
Bahrain ...............................6.5
Sweden..............................6.4
Uruguay..............................6.4
Barbados ............................6.4
Ireland ................................6.4
Switzerland ........................6.4
Libya...................................6.4
Kuwait ................................6.3
Cyprus................................6.3
Latvia..................................6.3
Tunisia ................................6.3
Mauritius ............................6.3
Chile ...................................6.3
Estonia ...............................6.3
Germany ............................6.2
Portugal..............................6.2
Hong Kong SAR .................6.2
Australia .............................6.1
Belgium..............................6.1
Senegal ..............................6.1
Gambia, The.......................6.0
Saudi Arabia .......................6.0
Slovenia..............................6.0
Canada ...............................6.0
Czech Republic ..................5.9
Netherlands........................5.9
Lithuania.............................5.9
Malawi ...............................5.9
Israel ..................................5.8
Zimbabwe ..........................5.8
France ................................5.8
Korea, Rep. ........................5.8
Puerto Rico ........................5.8
Romania .............................5.7
Botswana ...........................5.7
Suriname............................5.7
Ghana.................................5.6
United Kingdom .................5.6
Greece ...............................5.6
Namibia ..............................5.6
Taiwan, China.....................5.6
Tanzania..............................5.5
Mauritania ..........................5.5
Montenegro .......................5.5
Ethiopia ..............................5.5
Spain ..................................5.5
India ...................................5.5
Georgia...............................5.4
Zambia ...............................5.4
Hungary..............................5.4
Slovak Republic..................5.4
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY ....................SCORE
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Tajikistan.............................5.4
Armenia..............................5.4
Croatia................................5.3
China ..................................5.3
United States .....................5.3
Thailand..............................5.3
Morocco.............................5.2
Mongolia ............................5.2
Costa Rica ..........................5.2
Poland ................................5.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....5.1
Panama ..............................5.0
Azerbaijan...........................5.0
Indonesia............................5.0
Japan..................................5.0
Malaysia .............................5.0
Cambodia ...........................4.9
Vietnam..............................4.9
Albania ...............................4.9
Sri Lanka ............................4.9
Burkina Faso ......................4.8
Kazakhstan .........................4.8
Mali ....................................4.7
Argentina............................4.7
Macedonia, FYR.................4.6
Ukraine...............................4.6
Peru....................................4.6
Algeria ................................4.5
Russian Federation ............4.4
Nicaragua ...........................4.4
Uganda...............................4.4
Lesotho ..............................4.4
Mozambique ......................4.4
Guyana ...............................4.4
Philippines..........................4.4
Cameroon ..........................4.4
Ecuador ..............................4.4
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.4
Timor-Leste ........................4.3
Benin..................................4.2
Turkey.................................4.2
Serbia .................................4.2
Kyrgyz Republic .................4.2
Brazil ..................................4.2
Madagascar........................4.2
Bangladesh ........................4.2
Paraguay ............................4.2
Dominican Republic ...........4.1
Pakistan..............................4.0
Bolivia.................................4.0
Kenya .................................3.8
South Africa .......................3.8
Nigeria................................3.8
Bulgaria ..............................3.7
Nepal..................................3.7
Venezuela...........................3.5
Honduras............................3.5
Burundi...............................3.5
Chad...................................3.5
Italy ....................................3.4
Jamaica ..............................3.4
Mexico ...............................3.2
Cte dIvoire ......................2.7
Colombia ............................2.7
Guatemala..........................2.4
El Salvador .........................2.3
MEAN: 5.2
1.14
359
360
1.15
To what extent can police services be relied upon to enforce law and order in your country? (1 = cannot be relied upon at all; 7 = can always be
relied upon) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.3
Finland................................6.6
Denmark ............................6.5
Singapore ...........................6.4
Switzerland ........................6.4
Iceland................................6.4
United Arab Emirates.........6.3
Norway...............................6.3
Hong Kong SAR .................6.3
Germany ............................6.2
Chile ...................................6.2
Canada ...............................6.2
Sweden..............................6.2
Netherlands........................6.2
Qatar ..................................6.2
Luxembourg.......................6.2
New Zealand ......................6.1
Jordan ................................6.0
Australia .............................6.0
Barbados ............................5.9
Ireland ................................5.9
United States .....................5.9
Oman .................................5.9
Japan..................................5.8
Austria................................5.8
France ................................5.7
Belgium..............................5.7
Spain ..................................5.7
Tunisia ................................5.6
Estonia ...............................5.5
Malta ..................................5.5
Bahrain ...............................5.4
Cyprus................................5.4
United Kingdom .................5.4
Taiwan, China.....................5.3
Gambia, The.......................5.2
Saudi Arabia .......................5.1
Portugal..............................5.0
Brunei Darussalam.............5.0
Botswana ...........................4.9
Senegal ..............................4.9
Georgia...............................4.9
Kuwait ................................4.8
Korea, Rep. ........................4.8
Vietnam..............................4.8
Montenegro .......................4.8
Slovenia..............................4.8
Puerto Rico ........................4.8
Malaysia .............................4.7
China ..................................4.7
Italy ....................................4.6
Suriname............................4.6
India ...................................4.5
Morocco.............................4.5
Egypt..................................4.5
Malawi ...............................4.5
Hungary..............................4.4
Croatia................................4.4
Costa Rica ..........................4.3
Namibia ..............................4.3
Mauritius ............................4.3
Azerbaijan...........................4.3
Macedonia, FYR.................4.2
Zambia ...............................4.2
Lithuania.............................4.2
Burkina Faso ......................4.2
Benin..................................4.2
Syria ...................................4.2
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Romania .............................4.2
Colombia ............................4.1
Tanzania..............................4.1
Nicaragua ...........................4.1
Latvia..................................4.1
Uruguay..............................4.1
Poland ................................4.1
Albania ...............................4.0
Mali ....................................4.0
El Salvador .........................4.0
Serbia .................................4.0
Indonesia............................4.0
Greece ...............................3.9
Czech Republic ..................3.9
Libya...................................3.9
Ethiopia ..............................3.9
Uganda...............................3.8
Ghana.................................3.8
Tajikistan.............................3.8
Cameroon ..........................3.8
Thailand..............................3.8
Brazil ..................................3.7
Algeria ................................3.6
Turkey.................................3.6
Timor-Leste ........................3.6
Israel ..................................3.6
Slovak Republic..................3.6
Mauritania ..........................3.6
Jamaica ..............................3.6
Lesotho ..............................3.5
Madagascar........................3.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....3.5
Kenya .................................3.5
Philippines..........................3.5
Sri Lanka ............................3.5
Panama ..............................3.4
Armenia..............................3.4
Kazakhstan .........................3.4
South Africa .......................3.3
Mongolia ............................3.3
Ukraine...............................3.2
Mozambique ......................3.2
Nepal..................................3.1
Honduras............................3.1
Russian Federation ............3.1
Cambodia ...........................3.1
Pakistan..............................3.0
Bulgaria ..............................3.0
Guyana ...............................2.9
Trinidad and Tobago ...........2.9
Nigeria................................2.9
Bangladesh ........................2.8
Ecuador ..............................2.8
Argentina............................2.8
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.8
Peru....................................2.7
Mexico ...............................2.7
Zimbabwe ..........................2.6
Guatemala..........................2.5
Cte dIvoire ......................2.5
Chad...................................2.4
Burundi...............................2.3
Dominican Republic ...........2.3
Paraguay ............................2.2
Bolivia.................................2.0
Venezuela...........................2.0
SCORE
MEAN: 4.3
How would you compare the corporate ethics (ethical behavior in interactions with public officials, politicians, and other enterprises) of firms in
your country with those of other countries in the world? (1 = among the worst in the world; 7 = among the best in the world) | 20082009
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.3
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Colombia ............................3.9
Jamaica ..............................3.9
Senegal ..............................3.9
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.9
Morocco.............................3.9
Burkina Faso ......................3.8
Czech Republic ..................3.8
Slovak Republic..................3.8
Albania ...............................3.8
Macedonia, FYR.................3.8
Georgia...............................3.8
Latvia..................................3.8
Tanzania..............................3.8
Benin..................................3.8
Kenya .................................3.8
Turkey.................................3.8
Libya...................................3.7
Sri Lanka ............................3.7
Peru....................................3.7
Suriname............................3.7
Mali ....................................3.7
Honduras............................3.7
Cambodia ...........................3.7
Guyana ...............................3.7
Ethiopia ..............................3.6
Italy ....................................3.6
Kazakhstan .........................3.6
Brazil ..................................3.6
Mexico ...............................3.6
Romania .............................3.6
Hungary..............................3.6
Zimbabwe ..........................3.6
Pakistan..............................3.6
Greece ...............................3.5
Indonesia............................3.5
Lesotho ..............................3.5
Nigeria................................3.5
Madagascar........................3.4
Uganda...............................3.4
Bulgaria ..............................3.4
Mauritania ..........................3.4
Tajikistan.............................3.4
Serbia .................................3.4
Nicaragua ...........................3.4
Russian Federation ............3.4
Cte dIvoire ......................3.4
Algeria ................................3.3
Armenia..............................3.3
Philippines..........................3.3
Timor-Leste ........................3.3
Dominican Republic ...........3.3
Cameroon ..........................3.3
Argentina............................3.2
Ukraine...............................3.2
Ecuador ..............................3.2
Mozambique ......................3.2
Nepal..................................3.2
Bangladesh ........................3.1
Chad...................................2.9
Mongolia ............................2.9
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.9
Venezuela...........................2.9
Burundi...............................2.8
Paraguay ............................2.8
Bolivia.................................2.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.6
SCORE
MEAN: 4.3
1.16
361
362
1.17
In your country, how would you assess financial auditing and reporting standards regarding company financial performance? (1 = extremely
weak; 7 = extremely strong) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.7
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Montenegro .......................4.8
Mexico ...............................4.7
Brazil ..................................4.7
Romania .............................4.7
China ..................................4.7
Uruguay..............................4.7
Ghana.................................4.7
Zambia ...............................4.7
Indonesia............................4.6
El Salvador .........................4.6
Kenya .................................4.6
Croatia................................4.5
Honduras............................4.5
Guatemala..........................4.4
Tanzania..............................4.4
Macedonia, FYR.................4.4
Pakistan..............................4.4
Bulgaria ..............................4.3
Azerbaijan...........................4.3
Burkina Faso ......................4.2
Senegal ..............................4.2
Turkey.................................4.2
Albania ...............................4.2
Colombia ............................4.2
Armenia..............................4.2
Georgia...............................4.2
Guyana ...............................4.1
Morocco.............................4.1
Dominican Republic ...........4.1
Cte dIvoire ......................4.1
Kazakhstan .........................4.1
Serbia .................................4.0
Mozambique ......................4.0
Italy ....................................4.0
Nigeria................................3.9
Uganda...............................3.9
Nicaragua ...........................3.9
Benin..................................3.9
Cameroon ..........................3.9
Argentina............................3.9
Vietnam..............................3.8
Ecuador ..............................3.8
Ethiopia ..............................3.8
Lesotho ..............................3.8
Venezuela...........................3.8
Cambodia ...........................3.8
Libya...................................3.8
Nepal..................................3.7
Mongolia ............................3.7
Ukraine...............................3.7
Tajikistan.............................3.7
Russian Federation ............3.7
Algeria ................................3.6
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.6
Bangladesh ........................3.6
Paraguay ............................3.6
Syria ...................................3.6
Madagascar........................3.5
Mali ....................................3.5
Suriname............................3.3
Burundi...............................3.3
Bolivia.................................3.2
Mauritania ..........................3.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....3.1
Timor-Leste ........................2.8
Chad...................................2.8
SCORE
MEAN: 4.7
How would you characterize corporate governance by investors and boards of directors in your country? (1 = management has little accountability
to investors and boards; 7 = investors and boards exert strong supervision of management decisions) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
Sweden..............................5.9
New Zealand ......................5.8
South Africa .......................5.8
Canada ...............................5.7
Australia .............................5.6
Finland................................5.6
Norway...............................5.6
Singapore ...........................5.6
Denmark ............................5.5
Netherlands........................5.4
Chile ...................................5.4
Luxembourg.......................5.4
Qatar ..................................5.4
Switzerland ........................5.3
Germany ............................5.3
Gambia, The.......................5.3
Taiwan, China.....................5.2
Lithuania.............................5.2
Belgium..............................5.2
United States .....................5.2
Czech Republic ..................5.2
Slovak Republic..................5.1
United Kingdom .................5.1
Japan..................................5.1
Malaysia .............................5.1
United Arab Emirates.........5.1
Sri Lanka ............................5.1
Austria................................5.1
France ................................5.1
Oman .................................5.0
Iceland................................5.0
Indonesia............................5.0
Ireland ................................4.9
Namibia ..............................4.9
Barbados ............................4.9
Bahrain ...............................4.9
Puerto Rico ........................4.9
Mauritius ............................4.9
El Salvador .........................4.9
Zimbabwe ..........................4.9
Guatemala..........................4.9
Brunei Darussalam.............4.8
Peru....................................4.8
Panama ..............................4.8
Ghana.................................4.8
Zambia ...............................4.8
Malta ..................................4.7
Cte dIvoire ......................4.7
Spain ..................................4.7
Botswana ...........................4.7
Costa Rica ..........................4.7
Hong Kong SAR .................4.7
Israel ..................................4.7
Tunisia ................................4.7
Kenya .................................4.7
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.7
Korea, Rep. ........................4.7
Brazil ..................................4.7
Jordan ................................4.7
Estonia ...............................4.7
Malawi ...............................4.7
Philippines..........................4.7
India ...................................4.6
Egypt..................................4.6
Montenegro .......................4.6
Romania .............................4.6
Saudi Arabia .......................4.6
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Guyana ...............................4.6
Tanzania..............................4.5
Colombia ............................4.5
Senegal ..............................4.5
Honduras............................4.5
Thailand..............................4.5
Russian Federation ............4.5
Uganda...............................4.5
Madagascar........................4.5
Albania ...............................4.5
Vietnam..............................4.5
Nigeria................................4.5
Slovenia..............................4.5
Dominican Republic ...........4.5
Latvia..................................4.5
Portugal..............................4.5
Hungary..............................4.5
Poland ................................4.5
Benin..................................4.4
Jamaica ..............................4.4
Georgia...............................4.4
Cambodia ...........................4.4
Burundi...............................4.4
Morocco.............................4.4
China ..................................4.4
Azerbaijan...........................4.4
Ukraine...............................4.4
Cameroon ..........................4.4
Ethiopia ..............................4.4
Cyprus................................4.4
Kazakhstan .........................4.3
Uruguay..............................4.3
Argentina............................4.3
Nicaragua ...........................4.3
Mexico ...............................4.3
Kuwait ................................4.3
Greece ...............................4.2
Lesotho ..............................4.2
Kyrgyz Republic .................4.1
Bulgaria ..............................4.1
Mauritania ..........................4.1
Burkina Faso ......................4.1
Syria ...................................4.1
Mongolia ............................4.1
Mozambique ......................4.0
Macedonia, FYR.................4.0
Tajikistan.............................4.0
Croatia................................4.0
Suriname............................4.0
Pakistan..............................3.9
Bangladesh ........................3.9
Ecuador ..............................3.9
Serbia .................................3.9
Italy ....................................3.9
Nepal..................................3.9
Armenia..............................3.8
Mali ....................................3.8
Turkey.................................3.8
Paraguay ............................3.8
Bolivia.................................3.7
Venezuela...........................3.7
Chad...................................3.5
Timor-Leste ........................3.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....3.4
Libya...................................3.4
Algeria ................................3.4
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
1.18
363
364
1.19
In your country, to what extent are the interests of minority shareholders protected by the legal system? (1 = not protected at all; 7 = fully
protected) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.4
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Spain ..................................4.4
Slovak Republic..................4.4
Nigeria................................4.4
China ..................................4.3
Mexico ...............................4.3
Korea, Rep. ........................4.3
Hungary..............................4.3
Uruguay..............................4.3
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.3
Philippines..........................4.3
Romania .............................4.3
Libya...................................4.2
Tanzania..............................4.2
Mali ....................................4.2
Montenegro .......................4.2
Latvia..................................4.2
Kuwait ................................4.2
El Salvador .........................4.1
Uganda...............................4.1
Colombia ............................4.1
Czech Republic ..................4.1
Lithuania.............................4.1
Kenya .................................4.1
Pakistan..............................4.1
Cameroon ..........................4.1
Cte dIvoire ......................4.0
Honduras............................4.0
Tajikistan.............................4.0
Albania ...............................4.0
Azerbaijan...........................4.0
Turkey.................................3.9
Mauritania ..........................3.9
Dominican Republic ...........3.9
Cambodia ...........................3.9
Madagascar........................3.9
Guyana ...............................3.8
Ecuador ..............................3.8
Mozambique ......................3.8
Slovenia..............................3.8
Macedonia, FYR.................3.8
Nepal..................................3.8
Kazakhstan .........................3.7
Guatemala..........................3.7
Croatia................................3.7
Argentina............................3.7
Algeria ................................3.7
Chad...................................3.7
Paraguay ............................3.7
Bangladesh ........................3.6
Georgia...............................3.6
Nicaragua ...........................3.6
Lesotho ..............................3.6
Bulgaria ..............................3.6
Venezuela...........................3.5
Burundi...............................3.5
Armenia..............................3.4
Italy ....................................3.4
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.2
Timor-Leste ........................3.2
Russian Federation ............3.2
Serbia .................................3.1
Mongolia ............................3.1
Suriname............................3.1
Bolivia.................................3.1
Ukraine...............................3.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.8
SCORE
MEAN: 4.4
Data Tables
Section II
Infrastructure
365
366
2.01
How would you assess general infrastructure (e.g., transport, telephony, and energy) in your country? (1 = extremely underdeveloped;
7 = extensive and efficient by international standards) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
Switzerland ........................6.8
Singapore ...........................6.7
Hong Kong SAR .................6.7
Austria................................6.6
France ................................6.6
Germany ............................6.5
Finland................................6.5
Iceland................................6.3
Denmark ............................6.3
Sweden..............................6.2
United Arab Emirates.........6.1
Luxembourg.......................6.1
Canada ...............................5.9
United States .....................5.9
Belgium..............................5.8
Barbados ............................5.8
Japan..................................5.8
Netherlands........................5.8
Taiwan, China.....................5.8
Korea, Rep. ........................5.8
Portugal..............................5.7
Oman .................................5.6
Chile ...................................5.6
Cyprus................................5.5
Namibia ..............................5.5
Bahrain ...............................5.4
Malaysia .............................5.4
Spain ..................................5.2
Jordan ................................5.2
Slovenia..............................5.2
Norway...............................5.2
Saudi Arabia .......................5.2
United Kingdom .................5.2
Estonia ...............................5.1
Tunisia ................................5.1
Puerto Rico ........................5.1
Brunei Darussalam.............5.0
Australia .............................5.0
Lithuania.............................4.9
El Salvador .........................4.8
Thailand..............................4.8
Malta ..................................4.8
South Africa .......................4.7
Kuwait ................................4.7
New Zealand ......................4.7
Botswana ...........................4.6
Qatar ..................................4.6
Croatia................................4.5
Gambia, The.......................4.5
Israel ..................................4.5
Azerbaijan...........................4.5
Czech Republic ..................4.5
Mauritius ............................4.4
Greece ...............................4.4
Jamaica ..............................4.4
Egypt..................................4.4
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.4
Hungary..............................4.3
Guatemala..........................4.3
Latvia..................................4.2
Uruguay..............................4.2
Turkey.................................4.2
Sri Lanka ............................4.1
Slovak Republic..................4.1
Ireland ................................4.1
China ..................................4.0
Panama ..............................4.0
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
Quality of roads
How would you assess roads in your country? (1 = extremely underdeveloped; 7 = extensive and efficient by international standards) | 20082009
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.9
Singapore ...........................6.7
France ................................6.6
Hong Kong SAR .................6.6
Switzerland ........................6.5
Germany ............................6.5
Austria................................6.4
United Arab Emirates.........6.2
Denmark ............................6.1
Portugal..............................6.0
Oman .................................5.9
United States .....................5.9
Finland................................5.9
Cyprus................................5.8
Korea, Rep. ........................5.8
Chile ...................................5.8
Belgium..............................5.8
Luxembourg.......................5.8
Taiwan, China.....................5.8
Sweden..............................5.7
Namibia ..............................5.7
Canada ...............................5.7
Japan..................................5.6
Bahrain ...............................5.6
Malaysia .............................5.5
Netherlands........................5.4
Lithuania.............................5.3
El Salvador .........................5.3
Spain ..................................5.2
Brunei Darussalam.............5.2
United Kingdom .................5.1
Puerto Rico ........................5.1
Barbados ............................5.1
Iceland................................5.1
Croatia................................5.1
Thailand..............................5.0
Kuwait ................................5.0
Australia .............................5.0
Saudi Arabia .......................5.0
Tunisia ................................5.0
South Africa .......................5.0
Slovenia..............................4.9
Jordan ................................4.9
New Zealand ......................4.6
Qatar ..................................4.5
Botswana ...........................4.5
Uruguay..............................4.4
Israel ..................................4.3
Turkey.................................4.3
Estonia ...............................4.2
China ..................................4.2
Mauritius ............................4.1
Greece ...............................4.1
Italy ....................................4.0
Gambia, The.......................4.0
Guatemala..........................4.0
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.0
Mexico ...............................4.0
Azerbaijan...........................3.9
Ireland ................................3.9
Sri Lanka ............................3.9
Norway...............................3.8
Panama ..............................3.8
Jamaica ..............................3.8
Hungary..............................3.8
Pakistan..............................3.7
Georgia...............................3.6
Guyana ...............................3.6
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Syria ...................................3.6
Morocco.............................3.6
Dominican Republic ...........3.6
Cte dIvoire ......................3.6
Armenia..............................3.6
Egypt..................................3.5
Honduras............................3.5
Slovak Republic..................3.5
Ghana.................................3.4
Cambodia ...........................3.3
Senegal ..............................3.3
Czech Republic ..................3.3
Ethiopia ..............................3.3
Libya...................................3.3
Algeria ................................3.2
Suriname............................3.2
Argentina............................3.2
Latvia..................................3.2
Zimbabwe ..........................3.2
Macedonia, FYR.................3.2
Venezuela...........................3.1
India ...................................3.1
Malawi ...............................3.1
Kenya .................................3.1
Madagascar........................3.0
Peru....................................2.9
Indonesia............................2.9
Bangladesh ........................2.9
Nicaragua ...........................2.9
Malta ..................................2.9
Benin..................................2.8
Albania ...............................2.8
Mali ....................................2.8
Colombia ............................2.8
Vietnam..............................2.8
Ecuador ..............................2.8
Philippines..........................2.8
Burkina Faso ......................2.8
Brazil ..................................2.8
Costa Rica ..........................2.7
Tanzania..............................2.7
Tajikistan.............................2.6
Zambia ...............................2.6
Cameroon ..........................2.6
Nigeria................................2.6
Lesotho ..............................2.5
Mauritania ..........................2.5
Uganda...............................2.5
Kazakhstan .........................2.5
Serbia .................................2.5
Russian Federation ............2.4
Montenegro .......................2.3
Mozambique ......................2.3
Burundi...............................2.3
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.3
Bolivia.................................2.2
Bulgaria ..............................2.2
Ukraine...............................2.2
Nepal..................................2.1
Poland ................................2.1
Chad...................................2.0
Romania .............................2.0
Paraguay ............................2.0
Timor-Leste ........................1.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....1.7
Mongolia ............................1.4
SCORE
MEAN: 3.9
2.02
367
368
2.03
How would you assess the railroad system in your country? (1 = extremely underdeveloped; 7 = extensive and efficient by international
standards) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.1
Switzerland ........................6.8
Japan..................................6.6
Hong Kong SAR .................6.5
France ................................6.5
Germany ............................6.3
Finland................................5.9
Taiwan, China.....................5.8
Korea, Rep. ........................5.7
Singapore ...........................5.7
Netherlands........................5.6
Belgium..............................5.6
Austria................................5.5
Sweden..............................5.4
Denmark ............................5.4
Canada ...............................5.2
Luxembourg.......................5.1
United States .....................4.8
Spain ..................................4.8
Malaysia .............................4.8
India ...................................4.5
United Kingdom .................4.5
Slovak Republic..................4.4
Portugal..............................4.4
Czech Republic ..................4.3
Namibia ..............................4.2
Lithuania.............................4.2
China ..................................4.1
Tunisia ................................4.1
Australia .............................4.1
Ukraine...............................4.1
Azerbaijan...........................4.0
Kazakhstan .........................3.9
Russian Federation ............3.9
Botswana ...........................3.9
Latvia..................................3.8
Norway...............................3.8
New Zealand ......................3.7
Morocco.............................3.6
Estonia ...............................3.6
South Africa .......................3.5
Georgia...............................3.5
Slovenia..............................3.5
Croatia................................3.4
Sri Lanka ............................3.4
Italy ....................................3.4
Hungary..............................3.4
Egypt..................................3.3
Tajikistan.............................3.3
Israel ..................................3.2
Ireland ................................3.2
Pakistan..............................3.1
Thailand..............................3.0
Saudi Arabia .......................3.0
Bulgaria ..............................2.9
Syria ...................................2.9
Poland ................................2.9
Greece ...............................2.9
Vietnam..............................2.8
Zimbabwe ..........................2.8
Indonesia............................2.8
Romania .............................2.7
Panama ..............................2.5
Turkey.................................2.5
Algeria ................................2.4
Bangladesh ........................2.3
Mexico ...............................2.3
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.3
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Tanzania..............................2.3
Kenya .................................2.2
Cameroon ..........................2.2
Macedonia, FYR.................2.2
Puerto Rico ........................2.1
Mozambique ......................2.1
Montenegro .......................2.1
Malawi ...............................2.1
Chile ...................................2.1
Mongolia ............................2.0
Argentina............................2.0
Burkina Faso ......................2.0
Cte dIvoire ......................2.0
Mauritania ..........................1.9
Armenia..............................1.9
Madagascar........................1.9
Jordan ................................1.9
Mali ....................................1.8
Brazil ..................................1.8
Peru....................................1.8
Serbia .................................1.8
Senegal ..............................1.8
Zambia ...............................1.8
Benin..................................1.8
Philippines..........................1.7
Bolivia.................................1.7
Cambodia ...........................1.6
Ethiopia ..............................1.6
Nicaragua ...........................1.6
Venezuela...........................1.6
Dominican Republic ...........1.5
Colombia ............................1.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....1.5
Honduras............................1.5
Albania ...............................1.4
Uruguay..............................1.4
Nigeria................................1.3
Ghana.................................1.3
Costa Rica ..........................1.3
Uganda...............................1.2
El Salvador .........................1.2
Nepal..................................1.2
Libya...................................1.1
Guatemala..........................1.1
Jamaica ..............................1.1
Ecuador ..............................1.0
Paraguay ............................1.0
Bahrain ...............................n/a
Barbados ............................n/a
Brunei Darussalam .............n/a
Burundi...............................n/a
Chad ...................................n/a
Cyprus ................................n/a
Gambia, The .......................n/a
Guyana ...............................n/a
Iceland................................n/a
Kuwait ................................n/a
Lesotho ..............................n/a
Malta ..................................n/a
Mauritius ............................n/a
Oman .................................n/a
Qatar ..................................n/a
Suriname ............................n/a
Timor-Leste ........................n/a
Trinidad and Tobago ...........n/a
United Arab Emirates.........n/a
SCORE
MEAN: 3.1
How would you assess port facilities in your country? (1 = extremely underdeveloped; 7 = well developed and efficient by international
standards)* | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.2
Singapore ...........................6.8
Hong Kong SAR .................6.8
Netherlands........................6.6
Finland................................6.5
Germany ............................6.4
Belgium..............................6.3
United Arab Emirates.........6.2
Iceland................................6.2
Denmark ............................6.2
France ................................5.9
Sweden..............................5.9
Norway...............................5.8
United States .....................5.7
Canada ...............................5.6
Estonia ...............................5.6
Taiwan, China.....................5.6
Bahrain ...............................5.5
Panama ..............................5.5
Malaysia .............................5.5
Luxembourg1 .....................5.5
Barbados ............................5.5
New Zealand ......................5.5
Malta ..................................5.4
Namibia ..............................5.4
Puerto Rico ........................5.4
Switzerland1 .......................5.4
Chile ...................................5.4
Jamaica ..............................5.3
Cyprus................................5.3
Slovenia..............................5.2
United Kingdom .................5.2
Oman .................................5.2
Spain ..................................5.2
Japan..................................5.2
Honduras............................5.1
Korea, Rep. ........................5.1
Qatar ..................................5.0
Austria1 ..............................5.0
Cte dIvoire ......................5.0
Uruguay..............................4.9
Tunisia ................................4.9
Brunei Darussalam.............4.8
Sri Lanka ............................4.8
Lithuania.............................4.7
Portugal..............................4.7
Saudi Arabia .......................4.7
Thailand..............................4.7
Gambia, The.......................4.7
South Africa .......................4.7
Australia .............................4.6
Israel ..................................4.6
Jordan ................................4.5
Ireland ................................4.4
Senegal ..............................4.4
Zimbabwe1 ........................4.4
Latvia..................................4.4
Egypt..................................4.3
Dominican Republic ...........4.3
Guatemala..........................4.3
Mauritius ............................4.3
China ..................................4.3
Morocco.............................4.2
Azerbaijan1 .........................4.2
El Salvador .........................4.2
Czech Republic1.................4.2
Greece ...............................4.1
Slovak Republic1 ................4.1
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Kuwait ................................4.1
Ghana.................................4.0
Georgia...............................4.0
Burkina Faso1.....................4.0
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.0
Pakistan..............................4.0
Hungary1 ............................3.9
Ethiopia1 ............................3.8
Mali1 ..................................3.8
Croatia................................3.8
Turkey.................................3.7
Botswana1 .........................3.7
Ukraine...............................3.7
Zambia1 ..............................3.7
Mexico ...............................3.7
Italy ....................................3.7
Kenya .................................3.6
Argentina............................3.6
Bulgaria ..............................3.6
Russian Federation ............3.5
Malawi1 ..............................3.5
Cambodia ...........................3.5
India ...................................3.5
Mauritania ..........................3.5
Paraguay1 ...........................3.5
Uganda1 .............................3.4
Macedonia, FYR1 ...............3.4
Indonesia............................3.4
Ecuador ..............................3.3
Suriname............................3.3
Benin..................................3.3
Vietnam..............................3.3
Montenegro .......................3.3
Serbia1 ...............................3.3
Syria ...................................3.3
Romania .............................3.3
Libya...................................3.3
Albania ...............................3.2
Guyana ...............................3.2
Colombia ............................3.2
Mozambique ......................3.2
Burundi1 .............................3.1
Kazakhstan1 .......................3.0
Madagascar........................3.0
Philippines..........................3.0
Bangladesh ........................3.0
Lesotho1 ............................3.0
Bolivia1 ...............................3.0
Mongolia1 ..........................2.9
Armenia1 ............................2.9
Algeria ................................2.9
Nepal1 ................................2.8
Tanzania..............................2.8
Poland ................................2.8
Nigeria................................2.8
Cameroon ..........................2.7
Nicaragua ...........................2.7
Chad1 .................................2.7
Peru....................................2.7
Brazil ..................................2.6
Costa Rica ..........................2.6
Venezuela...........................2.4
Timor-Leste ........................2.3
Tajikistan1 ...........................1.9
Kyrgyz Republic1 ................1.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....1.5
SCORE
MEAN: 4.2
* For landlocked countries, the question is: How accessible are port facilities? (1 = extremely inaccessible; 7 = extremely accessible)
1 Landlocked
2.04
369
370
2.05
How would you assess passenger air transport infrastructure in your country? (1 = extremely underdeveloped; 7 = extensive and efficient by
international standards) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.7
Singapore ...........................6.9
Hong Kong SAR .................6.9
United Arab Emirates.........6.7
Germany ............................6.6
Switzerland ........................6.5
Denmark ............................6.4
Netherlands........................6.4
Finland................................6.3
France ................................6.3
Iceland................................6.3
Norway...............................6.3
Qatar ..................................6.2
Austria................................6.2
Belgium..............................6.2
Puerto Rico ........................6.1
Barbados ............................6.1
New Zealand ......................6.1
Sweden..............................6.0
Chile ...................................6.0
United States .....................6.0
Korea, Rep. ........................6.0
Bahrain ...............................6.0
South Africa .......................6.0
Czech Republic ..................5.9
Canada ...............................5.9
Thailand..............................5.9
Malaysia .............................5.8
Australia .............................5.8
El Salvador .........................5.8
Tunisia ................................5.8
Malta ..................................5.7
Panama ..............................5.7
Jordan ................................5.6
Israel ..................................5.6
United Kingdom .................5.6
Dominican Republic ...........5.5
Spain ..................................5.5
Jamaica ..............................5.5
Greece ...............................5.5
Latvia..................................5.5
Taiwan, China.....................5.5
Luxembourg.......................5.4
Cyprus................................5.4
Egypt..................................5.3
Guatemala..........................5.3
Trinidad and Tobago ...........5.2
Brunei Darussalam.............5.2
Ireland ................................5.2
Portugal..............................5.2
Azerbaijan...........................5.2
Saudi Arabia .......................5.1
Oman .................................5.1
Japan..................................5.1
Turkey.................................5.1
Namibia ..............................5.0
Mexico ...............................4.9
Mauritius ............................4.9
Kuwait ................................4.9
Estonia ...............................4.9
Slovenia..............................4.9
Gambia, The.......................4.8
Hungary..............................4.8
Albania ...............................4.8
Sri Lanka ............................4.8
India ...................................4.7
Senegal ..............................4.7
Ethiopia ..............................4.7
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Indonesia............................4.7
Kenya .................................4.7
Morocco.............................4.7
Costa Rica ..........................4.6
Honduras............................4.6
Ecuador ..............................4.6
Armenia..............................4.5
Cte dIvoire ......................4.5
Pakistan..............................4.5
Georgia...............................4.4
Nigeria................................4.3
Croatia................................4.3
China ..................................4.3
Colombia ............................4.3
Montenegro .......................4.2
Lithuania.............................4.2
Vietnam..............................4.1
Italy ....................................4.1
Nicaragua ...........................4.1
Peru....................................4.1
Cambodia ...........................4.1
Brazil ..................................4.1
Romania .............................4.0
Ghana.................................4.0
Russian Federation ............4.0
Madagascar........................4.0
Kazakhstan .........................3.9
Botswana ...........................3.8
Bulgaria ..............................3.7
Poland ................................3.7
Mozambique ......................3.7
Uruguay..............................3.7
Philippines..........................3.7
Ukraine...............................3.6
Zimbabwe ..........................3.6
Syria ...................................3.6
Guyana ...............................3.6
Tajikistan.............................3.6
Slovak Republic..................3.5
Nepal..................................3.5
Uganda...............................3.5
Venezuela...........................3.5
Burundi...............................3.5
Serbia .................................3.5
Bolivia.................................3.5
Argentina............................3.4
Tanzania..............................3.4
Suriname............................3.4
Bangladesh ........................3.4
Zambia ...............................3.4
Mali ....................................3.4
Algeria ................................3.3
Benin..................................3.3
Malawi ...............................3.1
Burkina Faso ......................3.0
Macedonia, FYR.................3.0
Mauritania ..........................3.0
Cameroon ..........................2.9
Libya...................................2.9
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.7
Mongolia ............................2.7
Timor-Leste ........................2.7
Chad...................................2.5
Paraguay ............................2.4
Lesotho ..............................2.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.2
SCORE
MEAN: 4.7
Scheduled available seat kilometers per week originating in country (in millions) | 2009
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Algeria ...............................138.3
Ecuador .............................136.7
Hungary.............................127.0
Tunisia ...............................126.7
Senegal .............................125.9
Jamaica .............................125.3
Costa Rica .........................120.2
Oman ................................108.4
Libya..................................100.1
Syria ....................................86.5
Ghana ..................................78.6
Bulgaria ...............................76.7
Barbados .............................70.8
Latvia...................................66.0
Iceland.................................65.8
El Salvador ..........................63.6
Trinidad and Tobago ............60.5
Nepal ...................................59.3
Bolivia..................................56.7
Croatia .................................54.6
Malta ...................................54.2
Tanzania...............................54.2
Brunei Darussalam..............52.7
Cambodia ............................44.9
Serbia ..................................43.0
Guatemala ...........................42.2
Uganda ................................41.5
Azerbaijan............................40.4
Madagascar.........................37.7
Uruguay...............................37.5
Tajikistan..............................36.2
Cameroon ...........................35.3
Armenia...............................34.9
Cte dIvoire........................31.1
Namibia ...............................27.3
Honduras.............................26.7
Zambia ................................25.8
Suriname .............................24.9
Slovak Republic...................23.4
Mali .....................................23.1
Mozambique .......................22.8
Zimbabwe ...........................20.6
Kyrgyz Republic...................19.2
Luxembourg ........................19.0
Georgia................................18.9
Lithuania..............................18.8
Nicaragua ............................18.2
Slovenia...............................16.8
Mongolia .............................16.4
Albania ................................16.0
Benin ...................................13.8
Estonia ................................12.9
Paraguay .............................12.3
Burkina Faso .......................11.2
Montenegro ........................10.1
Malawi ..................................8.8
Macedonia, FYR....................8.0
Timor-Leste ...........................7.4
Chad ......................................7.3
Guyana ..................................7.2
Mauritania .............................7.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina .......6.2
Gambia, The..........................3.4
Botswana ..............................3.2
Burundi..................................2.3
Lesotho .................................0.3
HARD DATA
2.06
371
372
2.07
How does the quality of the electricity supply in your country (lack of interruptions and lack of voltage fluctuations) compare with that of other
countries? (1 = worse than in most other countries; 7 = meets the highest standards in the world) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
Denmark ............................6.9
Iceland................................6.9
Hong Kong SAR .................6.9
Finland................................6.9
France ................................6.8
Switzerland ........................6.8
Germany ............................6.8
Sweden..............................6.8
Netherlands........................6.8
Austria................................6.7
Japan..................................6.7
Singapore ...........................6.7
Norway...............................6.7
Belgium..............................6.6
Canada ...............................6.6
United Arab Emirates.........6.4
United States .....................6.4
United Kingdom .................6.4
Czech Republic ..................6.4
Luxembourg.......................6.3
Korea, Rep. ........................6.2
Portugal..............................6.1
Cyprus................................6.1
Barbados ............................6.1
Qatar ..................................6.0
Ireland ................................6.0
Slovak Republic..................6.0
Australia .............................6.0
Oman .................................6.0
Israel ..................................6.0
Slovenia..............................6.0
Taiwan, China.....................5.9
Saudi Arabia .......................5.8
Tunisia ................................5.8
Jordan ................................5.8
Uruguay..............................5.7
Chile ...................................5.7
Estonia ...............................5.7
Malaysia .............................5.7
Costa Rica ..........................5.6
Thailand..............................5.5
Spain ..................................5.5
Croatia................................5.5
Lithuania.............................5.4
Italy ....................................5.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....5.4
Brunei Darussalam.............5.3
Poland ................................5.3
Trinidad and Tobago ...........5.3
Latvia..................................5.3
Egypt..................................5.3
Hungary..............................5.2
New Zealand ......................5.2
Namibia ..............................5.2
Brazil ..................................5.2
Panama ..............................5.2
Puerto Rico ........................5.1
Colombia ............................5.1
Mauritius ............................5.1
Morocco.............................5.0
China ..................................5.0
El Salvador .........................5.0
Libya...................................4.9
Cte dIvoire ......................4.9
Guatemala..........................4.9
Georgia...............................4.9
Malta ..................................4.8
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Greece ...............................4.8
Peru....................................4.7
Bahrain ...............................4.7
Gambia, The.......................4.6
Sri Lanka ............................4.6
Russian Federation ............4.6
Ukraine...............................4.5
Serbia .................................4.4
Algeria ................................4.4
Kazakhstan .........................4.4
Romania .............................4.3
Macedonia, FYR.................4.3
Kuwait ................................4.3
Botswana ...........................4.3
Armenia..............................4.2
Azerbaijan...........................4.2
Turkey.................................4.1
Jamaica ..............................4.1
Honduras............................4.1
Philippines..........................4.0
Mexico ...............................3.9
Suriname............................3.8
Bolivia.................................3.8
Kenya .................................3.7
Mozambique ......................3.7
Ecuador ..............................3.7
Lesotho ..............................3.6
Bulgaria ..............................3.6
Indonesia............................3.5
Argentina............................3.5
Mauritania ..........................3.5
Syria ...................................3.5
South Africa .......................3.5
Ghana.................................3.4
Montenegro .......................3.3
Vietnam..............................3.3
Mali ....................................3.3
Venezuela...........................3.2
India ...................................3.2
Ethiopia ..............................3.2
Zambia ...............................3.0
Burkina Faso ......................3.0
Paraguay ............................3.0
Benin..................................2.9
Mongolia ............................2.9
Senegal ..............................2.9
Guyana ...............................2.8
Cameroon ..........................2.8
Albania ...............................2.7
Burundi...............................2.7
Uganda...............................2.6
Nicaragua ...........................2.6
Malawi ...............................2.6
Cambodia ...........................2.6
Tanzania..............................2.5
Madagascar........................2.3
Pakistan..............................2.2
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.2
Timor-Leste ........................2.0
Zimbabwe ..........................2.0
Bangladesh ........................1.8
Tajikistan.............................1.8
Dominican Republic ...........1.7
Nigeria................................1.5
Chad...................................1.4
Nepal..................................1.3
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
2.08
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Switzerland .........................64.2
Germany .............................62.4
Iceland2 ...............................62.0
Taiwan, China ......................62.0
Sweden2 .............................60.4
Malta ...................................59.1
Montenegro1.......................58.9
France .................................56.5
Hong Kong SAR ..................56.4
Canada2...............................55.5
Luxembourg ........................55.2
United Kingdom ..................54.4
Greece ................................53.5
United States2 ....................51.8
Slovenia...............................50.4
Ireland .................................50.3
Barbados2 ...........................49.0
Cyprus .................................47.9
Denmark .............................45.6
Spain ...................................45.3
Australia ..............................44.7
Netherlands.........................44.5
Korea, Rep. .........................44.1
Belgium ...............................42.5
Norway2 ..............................42.4
New Zealand .......................41.5
Singapore ............................41.4
Israel ...................................41.2
Croatia .................................40.7
Japan2 .................................40.0
Austria .................................39.8
Portugal ...............................38.7
Estonia ................................37.4
Italy .....................................34.0
United Arab Emirates..........33.5
Vietnam2 .............................32.7
Costa Rica ...........................31.7
Serbia ..................................31.2
Finland.................................31.2
Russian Federation2 ............31.0
Hungary...............................30.9
Qatar ...................................30.8
Bulgaria ...............................29.8
Ukraine ................................28.7
Bahrain ................................28.7
Mauritius .............................28.7
Uruguay...............................28.6
Latvia2 .................................28.3
China2 .................................27.5
Poland2................................27.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina .....26.2
Argentina.............................24.1
Romania ..............................23.6
Lithuania..............................23.3
Turkey..................................23.1
Trinidad and Tobago ............23.0
Venezuela ............................22.4
Macedonia, FYR..................22.4
Czech Republic ...................22.4
Kazakhstan ..........................22.0
Brazil ...................................21.2
Chile ....................................21.0
Slovak Republic...................20.4
Brunei Darussalam2 ............19.6
Mexico ................................19.1
Armenia3 .............................19.0
Kuwait1 ...............................18.7
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
n/a
n/a
n/a
Suriname1 ...........................18.0
Sri Lanka .............................17.8
Syria ....................................17.8
Saudi Arabia ........................16.2
Malaysia ..............................15.9
Egypt ...................................15.6
El Salvador ..........................15.5
Azerbaijan............................15.4
Colombia .............................14.6
Panama ...............................14.6
Ecuador ...............................14.2
Indonesia.............................13.0
Georgia2 ..............................12.7
Tunisia .................................11.9
Jamaica ...............................11.6
Honduras.............................11.4
Thailand2 .............................11.0
Guatemala ...........................10.6
Oman ..................................10.3
Peru.....................................10.2
Dominican Republic ............10.0
Albania ..................................9.9
Morocco ................................9.5
South Africa2 .........................9.3
Kyrgyz Republic2 ...................9.1
Algeria2 .................................9.1
Jordan ...................................8.5
Botswana ..............................7.5
Bolivia2 ..................................7.1
Namibia2 ...............................6.7
Mongolia2..............................6.1
Paraguay ...............................5.8
Tajikistan2 ..............................5.0
Nicaragua1.............................4.4
Philippines .............................4.4
India ......................................3.2
Lesotho1 ...............................3.0
Nepal .....................................2.8
Gambia, The..........................2.8
Pakistan.................................2.6
Zimbabwe2............................2.6
Mauritania .............................2.4
Senegal .................................1.9
Cte dIvoire..........................1.8
Malawi2 .................................1.3
Benin2 ...................................1.2
Ethiopia .................................1.1
Cameroon .............................1.0
Nigeria ...................................0.9
Bangladesh ...........................0.8
Burkina Faso2 ........................0.8
Madagascar...........................0.8
Zambia ..................................0.7
Kenya ....................................0.7
Mali .......................................0.7
Ghana ....................................0.6
Uganda ..................................0.5
Mozambique .........................0.4
Burundi..................................0.3
Cambodia ..............................0.3
Tanzania.................................0.3
Timor-Leste2..........................0.2
Chad1 ....................................0.1
Guyana ..................................n/a
Libya ......................................n/a
Puerto Rico............................n/a
HARD DATA
SOURCE: International Telecommunication Union, World Telecommunication Indicators (June 2009 update); national sources
1 2006
2 2007
3 2009
373
0
0
Data Tables
Section III
Macroeconomic stability
375
376
3.01
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
21
23
24
24
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
34
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
44
46
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
54
56
57
58
58
60
60
60
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Timor-Leste .......................384.0
Libya....................................34.5
Saudi Arabia ........................33.4
Brunei Darussalam..............29.1
Kuwait .................................25.8
Azerbaijan............................25.5
United Arab Emirates..........23.2
Norway................................18.8
Chad ....................................12.7
Lesotho ...............................10.8
Qatar .....................................9.3
Bahrain ..................................7.5
Algeria ...................................6.8
Trinidad and Tobago ..............6.5
Cameroon .............................5.9
Chile ......................................5.7
Russian Federation ...............5.2
Singapore ..............................5.0
Finland...................................4.1
Oman ....................................3.8
Bulgaria .................................3.0
Denmark ...............................3.0
Sweden .................................2.5
Bolivia....................................2.4
Peru.......................................2.4
Argentina...............................1.4
Luxembourg ..........................1.4
Korea, Rep. ...........................1.1
Kazakhstan ............................1.1
Cyprus ...................................1.0
Switzerland ...........................0.9
Nigeria ...................................0.9
Montenegro ..........................0.9
Morocco ................................0.8
Thailand .................................0.8
Netherlands...........................0.8
Kyrgyz Republic.....................0.6
Panama .................................0.4
Canada ..................................0.4
Costa Rica .............................0.2
Paraguay ...............................0.2
Australia ................................0.1
New Zealand .........................0.1
Suriname ...............................0.0
Tanzania.................................0.0
Mexico ................................0.1
Uruguay ...............................0.1
Hong Kong SAR ..................0.1
Germany..............................0.1
Cte dIvoire........................0.2
Slovenia ...............................0.3
Botswana ............................0.3
Austria .................................0.4
Benin ...................................0.5
Ecuador ...............................0.5
China ...................................0.7
Taiwan, China ......................0.9
El Salvador...........................1.0
South Africa.........................1.0
Gambia, The ........................1.1
Philippines ...........................1.1
Venezuela ............................1.1
Iceland .................................1.2
Belgium ...............................1.2
Dominican Republic ............1.3
Armenia ...............................1.4
Macedonia, FYR ..................1.4
68
69
69
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
92
92
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
107
107
110
110
110
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Ukraine ................................1.5
Brazil....................................1.5
Guatemala ...........................1.5
Czech Republic....................1.5
Cambodia ............................1.7
Turkey..................................1.9
Indonesia .............................1.9
Croatia .................................2.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina......2.0
Zambia.................................2.1
Serbia ..................................2.1
Uganda ................................2.2
Slovak Republic ...................2.2
Honduras .............................2.3
Colombia .............................2.6
Portugal ...............................2.6
Malawi.................................2.7
Italy......................................2.7
Israel....................................2.8
Estonia ................................3.0
Tunisia .................................3.0
Ethiopia ...............................3.1
Lithuania ..............................3.2
Hungary ...............................3.3
France .................................3.4
Mauritius .............................3.4
Puerto Rico..........................3.4
Syria ....................................3.5
Namibia ...............................3.6
Mauritania ...........................3.7
Greece.................................3.7
Spain ...................................3.8
Poland .................................3.9
Latvia ...................................4.0
Barbados .............................4.0
Nicaragua ............................4.1
Malta ...................................4.1
Pakistan ...............................4.2
Mozambique .......................4.4
Jamaica ...............................4.5
Madagascar .........................4.5
Senegal ...............................4.5
Bangladesh..........................4.7
Malaysia ..............................4.7
Vietnam ...............................4.7
Romania ..............................4.9
Jordan .................................4.9
India.....................................4.9
Mongolia .............................5.0
United Kingdom ..................5.4
Mali .....................................5.4
Albania.................................5.5
Japan ...................................5.6
Nepal ...................................5.7
United States ......................6.1
Kenya ..................................6.1
Tajikistan..............................6.1
Ireland .................................6.4
Georgia ................................6.4
Burkina Faso........................6.4
Egypt ...................................6.8
Sri Lanka..............................7.5
Guyana ................................7.9
Burundi ................................8.9
Ghana ................................10.0
Zimbabwe .........................39.7
HARD DATA
SOURCE: IMF, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2009); IMF country reports; European Commission, Eurostat Database (June 2009); European
Bank for Reconstruction and Development; African Development Bank; Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (June 2009);
national sources
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
16
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
51
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
64
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Azerbaijan............................61.3
Brunei Darussalam3 ............59.1
Kuwait .................................58.8
Libya....................................58.1
Algeria .................................55.9
Qatar ...................................52.6
China ...................................51.5
Lesotho ...............................47.5
Saudi Arabia ........................47.3
Singapore ............................45.1
Oman ..................................43.6
Mongolia3............................41.7
Norway................................41.4
Kazakhstan ..........................39.4
Botswana ............................38.6
Nigeria .................................38.0
United Arab Emirates..........38.0
Trinidad and Tobago ............36.8
Venezuela ............................36.1
India ....................................35.6
Bahrain ................................35.3
Malaysia ..............................34.7
Hong Kong SAR ..................34.6
Suriname3 ...........................33.4
Russian Federation .............32.3
Switzerland .........................32.1
Bolivia..................................32.0
Timor-Leste .........................31.2
Mauritius .............................31.0
Korea, Rep. .........................30.7
Vietnam ...............................30.6
Ecuador ...............................30.3
Mauritania3..........................29.1
Thailand ...............................28.7
Nepal3 .................................28.5
Armenia...............................28.5
Netherlands.........................28.2
Sweden ...............................28.1
Jordan .................................28.0
Indonesia.............................27.9
Morocco ..............................27.9
Taiwan, China ......................27.6
Argentina.............................27.3
Austria .................................26.9
Luxembourg ........................26.8
Japan...................................26.7
Syria ....................................26.0
Germany .............................25.7
Namibia ...............................25.1
Belgium ...............................25.0
Mexico ................................24.9
Slovenia...............................24.9
Finland.................................24.6
Denmark .............................24.5
Bangladesh .........................24.3
Australia ..............................24.2
Croatia .................................24.1
Canada ................................23.7
Peru.....................................23.3
Czech Republic ...................23.3
Panama3..............................23.0
Chile ....................................22.6
Slovak Republic...................22.2
Colombia .............................22.1
Turkey..................................22.1
Latvia...................................21.9
Honduras.............................21.9
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
80
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
106
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
114
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
n/a
Spain ...................................21.4
Tunisia .................................21.1
France .................................20.8
Estonia ................................20.6
Ukraine ................................20.4
Sri Lanka .............................20.3
Israel ...................................20.1
Uruguay...............................19.5
Poland .................................19.3
Paraguay .............................19.1
Romania ..............................19.0
Costa Rica ...........................18.4
Egypt ...................................18.1
Ethiopia ...............................18.1
Italy .....................................18.0
Philippines ...........................17.8
Cameroon ...........................17.7
Zambia ................................17.4
Brazil ...................................17.1
Ireland .................................16.9
Guatemala3 .........................16.7
Senegal ...............................16.2
Uganda ................................15.8
South Africa ........................15.2
United Kingdom ..................15.1
Bulgaria ...............................15.0
Madagascar.........................14.8
Lithuania..............................14.7
New Zealand .......................14.5
Nicaragua3...........................14.3
Cambodia ............................14.3
Ghana ..................................13.9
Kenya ..................................13.7
Barbados1 ...........................13.5
Iceland.................................13.2
Hungary...............................13.1
Mali2....................................13.0
Benin ...................................12.9
Macedonia, FYR..................12.8
Malta ...................................12.8
Gambia, The........................12.6
United States ......................11.9
Mozambique .......................11.6
Cyprus .................................11.1
Kyrgyz Republic...................10.8
Portugal ...............................10.0
Dominican Republic ..............9.9
Pakistan.................................9.9
Guyana ..................................9.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina3 ......9.2
Cte dIvoire3 ........................9.2
Burkina Faso .........................9.1
Puerto Rico ...........................9.0
El Salvador ............................7.8
Georgia..................................7.7
Serbia3 ..................................7.6
Tanzania.................................7.4
Albania ..................................6.6
Greece ..................................6.4
Jamaica .................................5.2
Chad ....................................0.8
Malawi.................................1.9
Tajikistan..............................3.2
Burundi ................................4.3
Montenegro3 .....................12.3
Zimbabwe .............................n/a
HARD DATA
SOURCE: Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (June 2009); IMF, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2009); The World Bank,
2 2006
3 2007
3.02
377
378
3.03
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
60
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Japan.....................................1.4
Netherlands...........................2.2
Canada ..................................2.4
Switzerland ...........................2.4
Portugal .................................2.6
Brunei Darussalam................2.7
Germany ...............................2.8
Ireland ...................................3.1
France ...................................3.2
Austria ...................................3.2
Sweden .................................3.3
Albania ..................................3.4
Luxembourg ..........................3.4
Denmark ...............................3.4
Italy .......................................3.5
Taiwan, China ........................3.5
Bahrain ..................................3.5
United Kingdom ....................3.6
Norway..................................3.8
United States ........................3.8
Morocco ................................3.9
Finland...................................3.9
Slovak Republic.....................3.9
New Zealand .........................4.0
Spain .....................................4.1
Poland ...................................4.2
Greece ..................................4.2
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.3
Australia ................................4.4
Cyprus ...................................4.4
Gambia, The..........................4.5
Algeria ...................................4.5
Belgium .................................4.5
Korea, Rep. ...........................4.7
Malta .....................................4.7
Israel .....................................4.7
Tunisia ...................................5.0
Mexico ..................................5.1
Cameroon .............................5.3
Malaysia ................................5.4
Thailand .................................5.5
Brazil .....................................5.7
Slovenia.................................5.7
Senegal .................................5.8
Peru.......................................5.8
China .....................................5.9
Hungary.................................6.1
Croatia ...................................6.1
Cte dIvoire..........................6.3
Czech Republic .....................6.3
Singapore ..............................6.5
Colombia ...............................7.0
El Salvador ............................7.3
Uganda ..................................7.3
Mauritania .............................7.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina .......7.4
Timor-Leste ...........................7.6
Nepal .....................................7.7
Romania ................................7.8
Puerto Rico ...........................7.9
Uruguay.................................7.9
Benin .....................................8.0
Guyana ..................................8.1
Barbados ...............................8.3
Macedonia, FYR....................8.3
Chad ......................................8.3
India ......................................8.3
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Bangladesh ...........................8.4
Ecuador .................................8.4
Argentina...............................8.6
Malawi ..................................8.7
Chile ......................................8.7
Mauritius ...............................8.8
Panama .................................8.8
Armenia.................................9.0
Montenegro ..........................9.0
Mali .......................................9.1
Madagascar...........................9.2
Philippines .............................9.3
Indonesia...............................9.8
Saudi Arabia ..........................9.9
Georgia................................10.0
Paraguay .............................10.2
Tanzania...............................10.3
Mozambique .......................10.3
Namibia ...............................10.3
Estonia ................................10.4
Turkey..................................10.4
Libya....................................10.4
Kuwait .................................10.5
Dominican Republic ............10.6
Burkina Faso .......................10.7
Lesotho ...............................10.7
Lithuania..............................11.1
Nigeria .................................11.2
Guatemala ...........................11.4
Honduras.............................11.4
United Arab Emirates..........11.5
South Africa ........................11.5
Serbia ..................................11.7
Egypt ...................................11.7
Bulgaria ...............................12.0
Pakistan...............................12.0
Trinidad and Tobago ............12.1
Iceland.................................12.4
Zambia ................................12.4
Oman ..................................12.6
Botswana ............................12.6
Kenya ..................................13.1
Costa Rica ...........................13.4
Bolivia..................................14.0
Russian Federation .............14.1
Syria ....................................14.5
Suriname .............................14.6
Jordan .................................14.9
Qatar ...................................15.0
Latvia...................................15.3
Ghana ..................................16.5
Kazakhstan ..........................17.2
Cambodia ............................19.7
Nicaragua ............................19.9
Tajikistan..............................20.4
Azerbaijan............................20.8
Jamaica ...............................22.0
Sri Lanka .............................22.6
Vietnam ...............................23.1
Burundi................................24.4
Kyrgyz Republic...................24.5
Ukraine ................................25.2
Ethiopia ...............................25.3
Mongolia .............................26.8
Venezuela ............................30.4
Zimbabwe ................>1,000,000
HARD DATA
SOURCE: IMF, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2009); national sources
Average interest rate spread (difference between typical lending and deposit rates) | 2008
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Hungary.................................0.3
Lithuania................................0.8
Finland...................................1.3
Korea, Rep. ...........................1.3
Japan.....................................1.3
Luxembourg ..........................1.4
Norway..................................1.8
Syria1.....................................1.8
Germany ...............................1.8
Malta .....................................2.1
Cyprus ...................................2.1
Puerto Rico ...........................2.1
United States ........................2.1
Ireland ...................................2.3
Austria ...................................2.6
Oman ....................................2.6
United Kingdom ....................2.6
Sweden .................................2.6
Israel .....................................2.8
Kuwait ...................................2.8
Estonia ..................................2.8
Belgium .................................2.9
Malaysia ................................3.0
Vietnam .................................3.1
China .....................................3.1
Denmark ...............................3.1
Switzerland ...........................3.2
Canada ..................................3.2
Taiwan, China ........................3.3
Slovenia.................................3.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina .......3.5
Libya......................................3.5
Nigeria ...................................3.5
South Africa ..........................3.5
Jordan ...................................3.6
Turkey....................................3.6
El Salvador ............................3.7
Australia ................................3.7
Greece ..................................3.8
Macedonia, FYR....................3.8
United Arab Emirates............3.8
Saudi Arabia ..........................3.8
Bahrain1 ................................3.9
Qatar .....................................3.9
France ...................................4.0
Portugal .................................4.1
Philippines .............................4.3
Slovak Republic1 ...................4.3
New Zealand .........................4.5
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.6
Thailand .................................4.6
Brunei Darussalam................4.6
Panama .................................4.6
Czech Republic .....................4.6
Tunisia1 .................................4.7
Morocco ................................4.9
Singapore ..............................5.0
Ethiopia .................................5.0
Trinidad and Tobago ..............5.1
Indonesia...............................5.1
Namibia .................................5.4
Montenegro ..........................5.4
Romania ................................5.5
Pakistan.................................5.5
Latvia.....................................5.5
Mexico ..................................5.7
Barbados1 .............................5.7
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Egypt .....................................5.7
Nepal1 ...................................5.8
Chile ......................................5.8
Suriname ...............................5.9
Netherlands...........................6.0
Poland ...................................6.2
Albania ..................................6.2
Venezuela ..............................6.2
Algeria1 .................................6.3
Spain .....................................6.4
Bulgaria .................................6.4
Russian Federation ...............6.5
Nicaragua ..............................6.6
Bangladesh ...........................6.7
Mongolia ...............................6.8
Tanzania.................................6.9
Croatia ...................................7.2
India ......................................7.3
Mozambique .........................7.3
Colombia ...............................7.4
Azerbaijan..............................7.5
Ukraine ..................................7.5
Ecuador .................................7.8
Botswana ..............................7.9
Cte dIvoire..........................8.0
Sri Lanka ...............................8.0
Italy .......................................8.2
Guatemala .............................8.3
Argentina...............................8.4
Honduras...............................8.4
Lesotho .................................8.5
Kenya ....................................8.7
Uruguay.................................9.2
Bolivia....................................9.2
Jamaica .................................9.3
Dominican Republic ..............9.6
Iceland...................................9.8
Uganda1 ................................9.8
Armenia...............................10.4
Serbia ..................................10.8
Georgia................................10.9
Kazakhstan ..........................11.0
Cameroon ...........................11.1
Chad1 ..................................11.3
Mauritius .............................11.4
Senegal ...............................11.5
Costa Rica ...........................11.7
Guyana ................................12.2
Timor-Leste .........................12.2
Zambia ................................12.5
Ghana ..................................13.8
Cambodia ............................14.1
Tajikistan1 ............................14.4
Gambia, The1 ......................15.0
Mauritania1..........................15.5
Kyrgyz Republic...................15.9
Peru.....................................20.2
Malawi1 ...............................21.7
Paraguay .............................22.7
Madagascar.........................33.5
Brazil ...................................35.6
Zimbabwe1........................457.5
Benin .....................................n/a
Burkina Faso..........................n/a
Burundi ..................................n/a
Mali .......................................n/a
HARD DATA
SOURCE: IMF, International Financial Statistics (June 2009); Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (June 2009); national sources
1 2007
3.04
379
380
3.05
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
37
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Timor-Leste ...........................0.0
Oman ....................................2.7
Libya......................................4.2
Estonia ..................................4.8
Qatar .....................................4.8
Chile ......................................5.2
Kuwait ...................................5.3
Botswana ..............................5.9
Algeria ...................................6.5
Russian Federation ...............6.7
Kazakhstan ............................6.8
Azerbaijan..............................9.7
Luxembourg ........................12.7
Benin ...................................14.2
Australia ..............................14.2
Cameroon ...........................14.3
Nigeria .................................14.7
Lithuania..............................15.6
Armenia...............................15.8
China ...................................15.9
Senegal ...............................16.4
Hong Kong SAR ..................16.9
Uganda ................................17.4
Saudi Arabia ........................18.9
Latvia...................................19.5
Bulgaria ...............................19.6
Ukraine ................................19.9
Venezuela ............................20.4
Georgia................................20.7
Suriname .............................20.8
Macedonia, FYR..................21.3
Mozambique .......................21.4
Romania ..............................21.6
Guatemala ...........................21.7
Honduras.............................21.9
Namibia ...............................22.0
Burkina Faso .......................23.6
Tanzania...............................23.6
Peru.....................................24.0
Dominican Republic ............24.3
Mexico ................................24.5
Korea, Rep. .........................25.2
Paraguay .............................25.4
New Zealand .......................25.5
Syria ....................................26.1
Ecuador ...............................26.7
Mali .....................................26.9
Trinidad and Tobago ............27.2
Cambodia ............................27.5
Montenegro ........................28.1
Bahrain ................................28.9
Tajikistan..............................29.1
Zambia ................................29.5
Slovenia...............................29.6
Slovak Republic...................30.3
Indonesia.............................31.2
South Africa ........................31.6
Chad ....................................32.7
Mongolia .............................33.2
Bangladesh .........................34.5
Madagascar.........................34.8
Czech Republic ...................34.8
Ethiopia ...............................35.0
Croatia .................................35.3
Serbia ..................................38.0
Thailand ...............................38.1
Brazil ...................................39.4
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
n/a
HARD DATA
SOURCE: IMF, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2009); IMF country reports; OECD, OECD Economic Outlook no. 85 (June 2009); European
Central Bank; European Bank for Reconstruction and Development; Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (June 2009); national
sources
Data Tables
Section IV
Health and primary education
381
382
4.01
How serious an impact do you consider malaria to have on your country in the next five years? (1 = a serious impact; 7 = no impact
at all) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.9
Albania.................................
Algeria .................................
Armenia ...............................
Australia...............................
Austria .................................
Bahrain ................................
Barbados .............................
Belgium ...............................
Bosnia and Herzegovina......
Bulgaria................................
Canada.................................
Chile ....................................
Croatia .................................
Cyprus .................................
Czech Republic....................
Denmark..............................
Egypt ...................................
Estonia.................................
Finland .................................
France..................................
Germany..............................
Greece.................................
Hungary ...............................
Iceland .................................
Ireland..................................
Israel....................................
Italy......................................
Japan ...................................
Jordan..................................
Kazakhstan ..........................
Kuwait .................................
Latvia ...................................
Lesotho ...............................
Libya ....................................
Lithuania ..............................
Luxembourg ........................
Macedonia, FYR ..................
Malta ...................................
Mauritius .............................
Mongolia..............................
Montenegro.........................
Morocco ..............................
Netherlands .........................
New Zealand .......................
Norway ................................
Oman...................................
Poland..................................
Portugal ...............................
Qatar....................................
Romania ..............................
Russian Federation..............
Serbia ..................................
Singapore ............................
Slovak Republic ...................
Slovenia ...............................
Spain....................................
Sweden ...............................
Switzerland..........................
Syria.....................................
Taiwan, China ......................
Trinidad and Tobago.............
Tunisia..................................
Ukraine ................................
United Arab Emirates ..........
United Kingdom ..................
United States.......................
Uruguay ...............................
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
SCORE
MEAN: 4.9
RANK
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Albania ..................................0.0
Algeria ...................................0.0
Armenia.................................0.0
Australia ................................0.0
Austria ...................................0.0
Bahrain ..................................0.0
Barbados ...............................0.0
Belgium .................................0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina .......0.0
Bulgaria .................................0.0
Canada ..................................0.0
Chile ......................................0.0
Croatia ...................................0.0
Cyprus ...................................0.0
Czech Republic .....................0.0
Denmark ...............................0.0
Egypt .....................................0.0
Estonia ..................................0.0
Finland...................................0.0
France ...................................0.0
Germany ...............................0.0
Greece ..................................0.0
Hungary.................................0.0
Iceland...................................0.0
Ireland ...................................0.0
Israel .....................................0.0
Italy .......................................0.0
Japan.....................................0.0
Jordan ...................................0.0
Kazakhstan ............................0.0
Kuwait ...................................0.0
Latvia.....................................0.0
Lesotho .................................0.0
Libya......................................0.0
Lithuania................................0.0
Luxembourg ..........................0.0
Macedonia, FYR....................0.0
Malta .....................................0.0
Mauritius ...............................0.0
Mongolia ...............................0.0
Montenegro ..........................0.0
Morocco ................................0.0
Netherlands...........................0.0
New Zealand .........................0.0
Norway..................................0.0
Oman ....................................0.0
Poland ...................................0.0
Portugal .................................0.0
Qatar .....................................0.0
Romania ................................0.0
Russian Federation ...............0.0
Serbia ....................................0.0
Singapore ..............................0.0
Slovak Republic.....................0.0
Slovenia.................................0.0
Spain .....................................0.0
Sweden .................................0.0
Switzerland ...........................0.0
Syria1.....................................0.0
Taiwan, China2 ......................0.0
Trinidad and Tobago ..............0.0
Tunisia ...................................0.0
Ukraine ..................................0.0
United Arab Emirates............0.0
United Kingdom ....................0.0
United States ........................0.0
Uruguay.................................0.0
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
n/a
HARD DATA
SOURCE: World Health Organization, World Malaria Report 2008; national sources
1 2007
2 2008
4.02
383
384
4.03
How serious an impact do you consider tuberculosis to have on your company in the next five years? (1 = a serious impact; 7 = no impact
at all) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 5.6
Finland................................7.0
Iceland................................6.9
Denmark ............................6.9
Israel ..................................6.9
Sweden..............................6.9
Austria................................6.9
Norway...............................6.9
Croatia................................6.8
Belgium..............................6.8
Switzerland ........................6.8
Luxembourg.......................6.8
Greece ...............................6.8
Netherlands........................6.7
Uruguay..............................6.7
Italy ....................................6.7
Canada ...............................6.7
Germany ............................6.7
Cyprus................................6.7
New Zealand ......................6.7
Chile ...................................6.7
Australia .............................6.6
Albania ...............................6.6
Slovak Republic..................6.6
France ................................6.6
Slovenia..............................6.6
Puerto Rico ........................6.6
Costa Rica ..........................6.6
Spain ..................................6.6
Jordan ................................6.6
Qatar ..................................6.6
Ireland ................................6.5
Montenegro .......................6.5
Portugal..............................6.5
Hungary..............................6.4
Singapore ...........................6.4
Mauritius ............................6.4
Malta ..................................6.4
Turkey.................................6.4
Tunisia ................................6.4
United Kingdom .................6.4
United States .....................6.4
Panama ..............................6.4
Estonia ...............................6.4
Japan..................................6.3
Syria ...................................6.3
Barbados ............................6.3
Mexico ...............................6.3
Armenia..............................6.2
Poland ................................6.2
Czech Republic ..................6.2
Korea, Rep. ........................6.2
Kuwait ................................6.2
Russian Federation ............6.2
Hong Kong SAR .................6.1
Bahrain ...............................6.1
Argentina............................6.1
Egypt..................................6.1
United Arab Emirates.........6.1
Brazil ..................................6.1
Georgia...............................6.1
Oman .................................6.1
Taiwan, China.....................6.0
Sri Lanka ............................6.0
Latvia..................................6.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....6.0
Thailand..............................5.9
Guatemala..........................5.9
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Lithuania.............................5.8
Libya...................................5.8
China ..................................5.8
Suriname............................5.7
Honduras............................5.7
Serbia .................................5.6
Saudi Arabia .......................5.6
Macedonia, FYR.................5.6
Jamaica ..............................5.6
El Salvador .........................5.6
Romania .............................5.6
Ecuador ..............................5.6
Malaysia .............................5.5
Bulgaria ..............................5.5
Venezuela...........................5.4
Paraguay ............................5.3
Colombia ............................5.3
Dominican Republic ...........5.3
Brunei Darussalam.............5.3
India ...................................5.1
Vietnam..............................5.1
Trinidad and Tobago ...........5.1
Peru....................................5.1
Azerbaijan...........................5.1
Indonesia............................5.0
Algeria ................................5.0
Bangladesh ........................5.0
Gambia, The.......................4.9
Morocco.............................4.8
Kazakhstan .........................4.7
Burundi...............................4.7
Tajikistan.............................4.7
Nicaragua ...........................4.6
Senegal ..............................4.6
Bolivia.................................4.6
Benin..................................4.6
Burkina Faso ......................4.5
Pakistan..............................4.5
Cambodia ...........................4.5
Nigeria................................4.5
Guyana ...............................4.4
Philippines..........................4.4
Ghana.................................4.4
Madagascar........................4.4
Kyrgyz Republic .................4.4
Nepal..................................4.4
Mauritania ..........................4.4
Lesotho ..............................4.2
Ukraine...............................4.2
Cameroon ..........................4.2
Mongolia ............................4.2
Namibia ..............................4.0
Mali ....................................4.0
Cte dIvoire ......................3.9
Kenya .................................3.8
Chad...................................3.7
Zimbabwe ..........................3.6
Uganda...............................3.6
Tanzania..............................3.6
Botswana ...........................3.6
Malawi ...............................3.6
Zambia ...............................3.5
Ethiopia ..............................3.4
South Africa .......................3.3
Mozambique ......................3.3
Timor-Leste ........................2.6
SCORE
MEAN: 5.6
RANK
1
1
1
4
5
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
14
14
14
14
18
18
18
21
22
22
24
24
24
24
28
28
28
31
32
33
34
34
34
34
38
39
40
40
42
42
44
44
46
47
48
49
50
50
50
53
54
54
56
57
58
59
60
60
60
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Barbados ..................................4
Iceland......................................4
United States ...........................4
Puerto Rico ..............................4
Canada .....................................5
Cyprus ......................................5
Australia ...................................6
Finland......................................6
Germany ..................................6
Malta ........................................6
Norway.....................................6
Sweden ....................................6
Switzerland ..............................6
Italy ..........................................7
Jamaica ....................................7
Jordan ......................................7
New Zealand ............................7
Denmark ..................................8
Israel ........................................8
Netherlands..............................8
Czech Republic ........................9
Costa Rica ..............................11
Trinidad and Tobago ...............11
Austria ....................................12
Belgium ..................................12
Chile .......................................12
Luxembourg ...........................12
Ireland ....................................13
Oman .....................................13
Slovenia..................................13
France ....................................14
United Kingdom .....................15
United Arab Emirates.............16
Albania ...................................17
Hungary..................................17
Libya.......................................17
Slovak Republic......................17
Greece ...................................18
Mexico ...................................20
Egypt ......................................21
Japan......................................21
Mauritius ................................22
Uruguay..................................22
Kuwait ....................................24
Syria .......................................24
Poland ....................................25
Tunisia ....................................26
Singapore ...............................27
Macedonia, FYR.....................29
Portugal ..................................30
Spain ......................................30
Turkey.....................................30
Argentina................................31
Montenegro ...........................32
Serbia .....................................32
Venezuela ...............................34
Colombia ................................35
Estonia ...................................38
Bulgaria ..................................39
Bahrain ...................................40
Croatia ....................................40
El Salvador .............................40
Saudi Arabia ...........................46
Panama ..................................47
Brazil ......................................48
Nicaragua ...............................49
Bosnia and Herzegovina ........51
68
69
70
71
71
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Latvia......................................53
Algeria ....................................57
Paraguay ................................58
Brunei Darussalam.................59
Honduras................................59
Sri Lanka ................................60
Hong Kong SAR .....................62
Guatemala ..............................63
Lithuania.................................68
Dominican Republic ...............69
Qatar ......................................70
Armenia..................................72
Azerbaijan...............................77
Georgia...................................84
Taiwan, China .........................85
Korea, Rep. ............................90
Benin ......................................91
Morocco .................................92
China ......................................98
Ecuador ................................101
Ukraine .................................102
Malaysia ...............................103
Russian Federation ..............110
Romania ...............................115
Suriname ..............................116
Kyrgyz Republic....................121
Guyana .................................122
Peru......................................126
Kazakhstan ...........................129
Thailand ................................142
Bolivia...................................155
India .....................................168
Vietnam ................................171
Nepal ....................................173
Pakistan................................181
Cameroon ............................192
Ghana ...................................203
Mongolia ..............................205
Bangladesh ..........................223
Burkina Faso ........................226
Indonesia..............................228
Tajikistan...............................231
Madagascar..........................251
Gambia, The.........................258
Senegal ................................272
Philippines ............................290
Tanzania................................297
Chad .....................................299
Nigeria ..................................311
Mauritania ............................318
Mali ......................................319
Timor-Leste ..........................322
Uganda .................................330
Malawi .................................346
Kenya ...................................353
Burundi.................................367
Ethiopia ................................378
Cte dIvoire.........................420
Mozambique ........................431
Cambodia .............................495
Zambia .................................506
Lesotho ................................637
Botswana .............................731
Namibia ................................767
Zimbabwe ............................782
South Africa .........................948
HARD DATA
SOURCE: World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis database (June 2009); The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2009; national sources
4.04
385
386
4.05
How serious an impact do you consider HIV/AIDS to have on your company in the next five years? (1 = a serious impact; 7 = no impact
at all) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 5.1
Norway...............................6.7
Israel ..................................6.7
Sweden..............................6.6
Slovak Republic..................6.5
Finland................................6.5
Austria................................6.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....6.5
Croatia................................6.5
Denmark ............................6.5
Germany ............................6.5
Jordan ................................6.5
Iceland................................6.4
Hungary..............................6.4
Qatar ..................................6.4
Syria ...................................6.4
Slovenia..............................6.4
New Zealand ......................6.4
Switzerland ........................6.3
Belgium..............................6.3
Cyprus................................6.3
Kuwait ................................6.3
Portugal..............................6.3
Tunisia ................................6.3
Netherlands........................6.2
Turkey.................................6.2
Singapore ...........................6.2
Ireland ................................6.2
Greece ...............................6.2
Canada ...............................6.2
Uruguay..............................6.1
Italy ....................................6.1
Albania ...............................6.1
Luxembourg.......................6.1
Armenia..............................6.1
Chile ...................................6.1
Hong Kong SAR .................6.0
Russian Federation ............6.0
Poland ................................6.0
Egypt..................................6.0
France ................................6.0
Montenegro .......................5.9
Oman .................................5.9
Costa Rica ..........................5.9
Australia .............................5.9
Korea, Rep. ........................5.9
Japan..................................5.8
Spain ..................................5.8
Taiwan, China.....................5.8
China ..................................5.8
Latvia..................................5.8
Sri Lanka ............................5.8
Lithuania.............................5.8
United Arab Emirates.........5.8
Malta ..................................5.7
Georgia...............................5.7
Romania .............................5.6
United Kingdom .................5.5
Czech Republic ..................5.5
Macedonia, FYR.................5.5
Estonia ...............................5.5
Panama ..............................5.4
Bahrain ...............................5.4
United States .....................5.4
Argentina............................5.4
Bulgaria ..............................5.3
Brazil ..................................5.3
Serbia .................................5.3
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Guatemala..........................5.3
Philippines..........................5.2
Mauritius ............................5.2
Mexico ...............................5.2
Brunei Darussalam.............5.2
Ecuador ..............................5.2
Saudi Arabia .......................5.1
Bangladesh ........................5.1
Puerto Rico ........................5.0
Venezuela...........................5.0
Peru....................................5.0
Azerbaijan...........................5.0
Algeria ................................5.0
Malaysia .............................5.0
Vietnam..............................4.9
Gambia, The.......................4.9
Senegal ..............................4.9
Kazakhstan .........................4.9
Paraguay ............................4.8
Tajikistan.............................4.8
Indonesia............................4.8
El Salvador .........................4.8
Libya...................................4.8
Mauritania ..........................4.7
India ...................................4.7
Honduras............................4.7
Pakistan..............................4.6
Bolivia.................................4.6
Morocco.............................4.6
Kyrgyz Republic .................4.6
Nigeria................................4.6
Mongolia ............................4.5
Colombia ............................4.4
Nicaragua ...........................4.4
Dominican Republic ...........4.4
Madagascar........................4.3
Thailand..............................4.3
Benin..................................4.2
Ukraine...............................4.2
Burkina Faso ......................4.2
Suriname............................4.1
Cambodia ...........................4.1
Ghana.................................4.1
Jamaica ..............................3.9
Barbados ............................3.9
Nepal..................................3.9
Burundi...............................3.7
Cameroon ..........................3.6
Mali ....................................3.6
Timor-Leste ........................3.6
Guyana ...............................3.6
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.3
Cte dIvoire ......................3.3
Tanzania..............................3.2
Namibia ..............................3.1
Kenya .................................3.0
Chad...................................2.9
Malawi ...............................2.8
Botswana ...........................2.8
Zimbabwe ..........................2.8
Zambia ...............................2.7
Ethiopia ..............................2.7
Uganda...............................2.7
Lesotho ..............................2.5
Mozambique ......................2.5
South Africa .......................2.0
SCORE
MEAN: 5.1
RANK
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
39
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Bangladesh1 .......................<0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina .....<0.1
Brunei Darussalam2 ............<0.1
Bulgaria1 .............................<0.1
Croatia.................................<0.1
Egypt...................................<0.1
Hong Kong SAR2 ................<0.1
Japan1.................................<0.1
Korea, Rep. .........................<0.1
Macedonia, FYR .................<0.1
Philippines1 .........................<0.1
Slovak Republic ..................<0.1
Slovenia ..............................<0.1
Sri Lanka1 ...........................<0.1
Algeria ...................................0.1
Armenia.................................0.1
China .....................................0.1
Czech Republic1 ....................0.1
Finland...................................0.1
Georgia..................................0.1
Germany ...............................0.1
Hungary.................................0.1
Israel .....................................0.1
Kazakhstan ............................0.1
Kyrgyz Republic.....................0.1
Lithuania................................0.1
Madagascar...........................0.1
Malta .....................................0.1
Mongolia ...............................0.1
Morocco ................................0.1
New Zealand .........................0.1
Norway..................................0.1
Pakistan.................................0.1
Poland ...................................0.1
Romania ................................0.1
Serbia ....................................0.1
Sweden .................................0.1
Tunisia ...................................0.1
Montenegro ..........................0.1
Albania1 ..............................<0.2
Bahrain1 ..............................<0.2
Cyprus1 ...............................<0.2
Jordan1 ...............................<0.2
Kuwait1 ...............................<0.2
Libya1..................................<0.2
Oman1 ................................<0.2
Qatar1 .................................<0.2
Saudi Arabia1 ......................<0.2
Syria1 ..................................<0.2
Taiwan, China2 ......................0.2
Timor-Leste1 .......................<0.2
Turkey1................................<0.2
United Arab Emirates1........<0.2
Australia ................................0.2
Austria ...................................0.2
Azerbaijan..............................0.2
Belgium .................................0.2
Bolivia....................................0.2
Denmark ...............................0.2
Greece ..................................0.2
Iceland...................................0.2
Indonesia...............................0.2
Ireland ...................................0.2
Luxembourg ..........................0.2
Netherlands...........................0.2
Nicaragua ..............................0.2
Singapore ..............................0.2
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
54
69
69
69
69
69
74
74
74
74
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
85
85
85
85
85
85
91
91
93
93
93
93
93
98
99
99
101
102
102
104
104
106
107
108
108
110
110
110
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
129
131
132
133
HARD DATA
SOURCE: UNAIDS/WHO, 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic; UNDP, Human Development Report 2007/2008 online database (June 2009);
national sources
1 2005
2 2008
4.06
387
388
4.07
Infant (children aged 012 months) mortality per 1,000 live births | 2006
RANK
1
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
25
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
34
34
36
36
36
36
36
41
41
41
41
45
45
45
45
49
50
50
50
50
54
54
54
57
57
59
59
61
61
63
63
63
66
66
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
68
70
70
70
73
73
75
75
75
75
75
80
81
82
82
84
85
85
85
88
89
89
89
89
93
94
94
96
97
98
99
100
100
102
103
104
105
106
106
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
114
116
117
117
117
120
121
122
123
124
124
126
127
128
128
130
131
132
133
Panama ...............................18.0
Venezuela ............................18.0
Brazil ...................................19.0
Paraguay .............................19.0
Tunisia .................................19.0
China ...................................20.0
Ukraine ................................20.0
Armenia...............................21.0
Ecuador ...............................21.0
Jordan .................................21.0
Peru.....................................21.0
Saudi Arabia ........................21.0
El Salvador ..........................22.0
Honduras.............................23.0
Philippines ...........................24.0
Turkey..................................24.0
Dominican Republic ............25.0
Indonesia.............................26.0
Jamaica ...............................26.0
Kazakhstan ..........................26.0
Georgia................................28.0
Egypt ...................................29.0
Mexico ................................29.0
Nicaragua ............................29.0
Suriname .............................29.0
Guatemala ...........................31.0
Algeria .................................33.0
Trinidad and Tobago ............33.0
Morocco ..............................34.0
Mongolia .............................35.0
Kyrgyz Republic...................36.0
Namibia ...............................45.0
Guyana ................................46.0
Nepal ...................................46.0
Timor-Leste .........................47.0
Bolivia..................................50.0
Bangladesh .........................52.0
Zimbabwe ...........................55.0
South Africa ........................56.0
Tajikistan..............................56.0
India ....................................57.0
Senegal ...............................60.0
Cambodia ............................65.0
Madagascar.........................72.0
Azerbaijan............................73.0
Tanzania...............................74.0
Ghana ..................................76.0
Malawi ................................76.0
Ethiopia ...............................77.0
Mauritania ...........................78.0
Pakistan...............................78.0
Uganda ................................78.0
Kenya ..................................79.0
Gambia, The........................84.0
Cameroon ...........................87.0
Benin ...................................88.0
Botswana ............................90.0
Cte dIvoire........................90.0
Mozambique .......................96.0
Nigeria .................................99.0
Lesotho .............................102.0
Zambia ..............................102.0
Burundi..............................109.0
Mali ...................................119.0
Burkina Faso .....................122.0
Chad ..................................124.0
HARD DATA
SOURCE: World Health Organization, WHO Statistical Information System (WHOSIS) (May 2009); national sources
1 2007
2 2008
RANK
1
2
3
3
3
3
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
25
25
25
25
29
30
30
30
30
30
30
36
37
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
53
53
53
53
53
53
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Japan......................................83
Hong Kong SAR .....................82
Australia .................................82
Iceland....................................82
Italy ........................................82
Switzerland ............................82
Canada ...................................81
France ....................................81
Israel ......................................81
New Zealand ..........................81
Norway...................................81
Singapore ...............................81
Spain ......................................81
Sweden ..................................81
Austria ....................................80
Belgium ..................................80
Cyprus ....................................80
Germany ................................80
Greece ...................................80
Ireland ....................................80
Luxembourg ...........................80
Malta ......................................80
Netherlands............................80
United Kingdom .....................80
Costa Rica ..............................79
Finland....................................79
Korea, Rep. ............................79
Portugal ..................................79
Taiwan, China .........................79
Chile .......................................78
Denmark ................................78
Kuwait ....................................78
Slovenia..................................78
United Arab Emirates.............78
United States .........................78
Puerto Rico ............................78
Czech Republic ......................77
Barbados ................................76
Brunei Darussalam.................76
Croatia ....................................76
Mexico ...................................76
Panama ..................................76
Peru........................................76
Qatar ......................................76
Argentina................................75
Bahrain ...................................75
Bosnia and Herzegovina ........75
Colombia ................................75
Poland ....................................75
Slovak Republic......................75
Uruguay..................................75
Venezuela ...............................75
China ......................................74
Macedonia, FYR.....................74
Montenegro ...........................74
Oman .....................................74
Paraguay ................................74
Tunisia ....................................74
Brazil ......................................73
Bulgaria ..................................73
Ecuador ..................................73
Estonia ...................................73
Hungary..................................73
Mauritius ................................73
Nicaragua ...............................73
Romania .................................73
Serbia .....................................73
59
69
69
69
69
69
69
69
69
69
69
69
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
87
88
88
88
88
92
92
92
92
96
97
97
97
100
100
100
100
104
104
106
106
108
109
109
109
109
113
114
114
114
117
118
118
118
121
121
123
124
124
124
124
128
128
130
130
132
132
Turkey.....................................73
Albania ...................................72
Dominican Republic ...............72
El Salvador .............................72
Georgia...................................72
Jamaica ..................................72
Jordan ....................................72
Libya.......................................72
Malaysia .................................72
Morocco .................................72
Syria .......................................72
Vietnam ..................................72
Algeria ....................................71
Honduras................................71
Latvia......................................71
Lithuania.................................71
Philippines ..............................71
Saudi Arabia ...........................71
Sri Lanka ................................71
Thailand ..................................70
Armenia..................................69
Guatemala ..............................69
Suriname ................................69
Trinidad and Tobago ...............69
Azerbaijan...............................68
Egypt ......................................68
Indonesia................................68
Ukraine ...................................68
Tajikistan.................................67
Bolivia.....................................66
Kyrgyz Republic......................66
Russian Federation ................66
Bangladesh ............................64
India .......................................64
Kazakhstan .............................64
Mongolia ................................64
Nepal ......................................63
Pakistan..................................63
Cambodia ...............................61
Timor-Leste ............................61
Guyana ...................................60
Gambia, The...........................59
Madagascar............................59
Namibia ..................................59
Senegal ..................................59
Mauritania ..............................58
Benin ......................................57
Ethiopia ..................................57
Ghana .....................................57
Botswana ...............................56
Cte dIvoire...........................54
Kenya .....................................54
South Africa ...........................54
Cameroon ..............................52
Tanzania..................................52
Malawi ...................................50
Burkina Faso ..........................49
Burundi...................................49
Mali ........................................49
Nigeria ....................................49
Mozambique ..........................48
Uganda ...................................48
Chad .......................................46
Zambia ...................................46
Lesotho ..................................45
Zimbabwe ..............................45
HARD DATA
SOURCE: World Health Organization, WHO World Health Statistics 2009; The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2009; national sources
1 2008
4.08
389
390
4.09
How would you assess the quality of primary schools in your country? (1 = poor; 7 = excellentamong the best in the world) | 20082009
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
Finland................................6.7
Belgium..............................6.3
Singapore ...........................6.2
Switzerland ........................6.0
Barbados ............................5.9
Iceland................................5.8
Qatar ..................................5.8
New Zealand ......................5.8
Ireland ................................5.7
Canada ...............................5.7
Cyprus................................5.5
Estonia ...............................5.5
Denmark ............................5.5
Netherlands........................5.4
France ................................5.3
Australia .............................5.3
Czech Republic ..................5.3
Sweden..............................5.2
United Arab Emirates.........5.2
Taiwan, China.....................5.1
Slovenia..............................5.1
Malta ..................................5.1
Japan..................................5.0
Austria................................5.0
Tunisia ................................4.9
Brunei Darussalam.............4.9
Luxembourg.......................4.9
United Kingdom .................4.9
Korea, Rep. ........................4.8
United States .....................4.8
Malaysia .............................4.8
China ..................................4.7
Sri Lanka ............................4.6
Hong Kong SAR .................4.6
Germany ............................4.6
Croatia................................4.5
Norway...............................4.5
Costa Rica ..........................4.5
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.5
Latvia..................................4.5
Ukraine...............................4.4
Poland ................................4.4
Montenegro .......................4.4
Slovak Republic..................4.4
Hungary..............................4.3
Gambia, The.......................4.3
Russian Federation ............4.3
Jordan ................................4.3
Italy ....................................4.3
Bahrain ...............................4.2
Lithuania.............................4.2
Serbia .................................4.1
Botswana ...........................4.1
Oman .................................4.1
Guyana ...............................4.1
Macedonia, FYR.................4.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....4.0
Indonesia............................4.0
Portugal..............................3.9
Suriname............................3.9
Senegal ..............................3.9
Romania .............................3.9
Kenya .................................3.9
Albania ...............................3.9
Greece ...............................3.9
Mauritius ............................3.8
Kazakhstan .........................3.8
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Uruguay..............................3.8
Thailand..............................3.6
Bulgaria ..............................3.5
Saudi Arabia .......................3.5
Spain ..................................3.5
Puerto Rico ........................3.4
Benin..................................3.4
Colombia ............................3.4
Azerbaijan...........................3.4
Ghana.................................3.3
Philippines..........................3.3
Cameroon ..........................3.3
Vietnam..............................3.3
Armenia..............................3.3
Syria ...................................3.3
Zimbabwe ..........................3.3
Namibia ..............................3.2
Cte dIvoire ......................3.2
Jamaica ..............................3.2
Georgia...............................3.2
Kuwait ................................3.2
India ...................................3.2
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.2
Israel ..................................3.2
Turkey.................................3.1
Madagascar........................3.1
Lesotho ..............................3.0
Argentina............................3.0
Ethiopia ..............................3.0
Zambia ...............................3.0
Burkina Faso ......................3.0
Morocco.............................2.9
Pakistan..............................2.9
El Salvador .........................2.9
Venezuela...........................2.8
Mongolia ............................2.8
Algeria ................................2.8
Panama ..............................2.8
Libya...................................2.7
South Africa .......................2.7
Uganda...............................2.7
Nigeria................................2.7
Malawi ...............................2.7
Burundi...............................2.7
Tajikistan.............................2.7
Nepal..................................2.7
Cambodia ...........................2.7
Mexico ...............................2.6
Honduras............................2.6
Nicaragua ...........................2.6
Chile ...................................2.5
Brazil ..................................2.5
Ecuador ..............................2.5
Bolivia.................................2.4
Chad...................................2.4
Tanzania..............................2.4
Egypt..................................2.4
Timor-Leste ........................2.4
Mali ....................................2.4
Guatemala..........................2.3
Bangladesh ........................2.3
Mauritania ..........................2.3
Mozambique ......................2.2
Peru....................................2.1
Dominican Republic ...........2.0
Paraguay ............................1.9
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
n/a
n/a
HARD DATA
1 2000
2 2001
3 2002
4 2003
5 2004
6 2005
7 2006
8 2008
4.10
391
392
4.11
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Timor-Leste1........................11.0
Lesotho ...............................10.0
Guyana ..................................7.8
Denmark ...............................7.8
Namibia .................................7.3
Iceland...................................7.2
Saudi Arabia ..........................7.2
Sweden .................................7.2
Barbados ...............................7.0
Zimbabwe .............................6.9
New Zealand .........................6.7
Tunisia ...................................6.7
Kenya ....................................6.6
Botswana ..............................6.6
Norway..................................6.5
Bolivia....................................6.3
Israel .....................................6.0
Taiwan, China1 ......................5.9
Finland...................................5.9
Belgium .................................5.8
Cyprus ...................................5.7
Jordan ...................................5.6
Latvia.....................................5.6
Malaysia ................................5.5
Mexico ..................................5.5
Slovenia.................................5.5
Portugal .................................5.4
Jamaica .................................5.4
Hungary.................................5.4
Poland ...................................5.3
Austria ...................................5.3
South Africa ..........................5.3
Morocco ................................5.2
Kyrgyz Republic.....................5.2
Ireland ...................................5.1
France ...................................5.1
Burundi..................................5.1
United Kingdom ....................5.0
Macedonia, FYR....................4.9
Netherlands...........................4.8
Switzerland ...........................4.8
Australia ................................4.8
Colombia ...............................4.8
Thailand .................................4.8
United States ........................4.8
Lithuania................................4.8
Canada ..................................4.8
Ghana ....................................4.7
Cte dIvoire..........................4.7
Malta .....................................4.6
Estonia ..................................4.6
Mongolia ...............................4.6
Senegal .................................4.5
Algeria ...................................4.5
Brazil .....................................4.4
Germany ...............................4.4
Panama .................................4.4
Kazakhstan ............................4.4
Egypt .....................................4.4
Ukraine ..................................4.4
Serbia1 ..................................4.4
Bahrain ..................................4.4
Croatia ...................................4.3
Burkina Faso .........................4.3
Italy .......................................4.2
Bulgaria .................................4.1
Costa Rica .............................4.1
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
HARD DATA
SOURCE: The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2009; national sources
1 2008
Data Tables
Section V
Higher education and training
393
394
5.01
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Australia ............................148.6
New Zealand .....................121.1
Spain .................................119.8
Netherlands.......................119.6
Denmark ...........................119.2
Ireland ...............................113.5
France ...............................113.4
Norway..............................112.8
Finland...............................111.3
Iceland...............................110.6
Belgium .............................110.1
Guyana ..............................106.6
Bulgaria .............................105.6
Sweden .............................103.6
Qatar .................................103.5
Barbados ...........................103.2
Singapore6 ........................102.3
Bahrain5 ............................102.1
Greece ..............................101.8
Austria ...............................101.6
Canada5.............................101.5
Italy ...................................101.1
Portugal .............................101.0
Japan.................................100.9
Brazil .................................100.1
Poland .................................99.9
Estonia ................................99.8
Germany .............................99.7
Malta4 .................................99.5
Taiwan, China6 ....................99.2
Korea, Rep. .........................98.3
Peru.....................................98.0
Latvia...................................97.9
Lithuania..............................97.8
Cyprus .................................97.8
United Kingdom ..................97.5
Brunei Darussalam..............97.4
Luxembourg ........................97.2
South Africa ........................97.1
Czech Republic ...................95.7
Hungary...............................95.5
Puerto Rico .........................94.5
United States ......................94.2
Ukraine ................................94.2
Saudi Arabia ........................93.9
Slovenia...............................93.8
Slovak Republic...................93.7
Libya5 ..................................93.5
Switzerland .........................92.7
United Arab Emirates..........92.4
Kazakhstan6 ........................92.2
Uruguay...............................92.0
Mongolia .............................91.7
Croatia .................................91.7
Israel ...................................91.5
Kuwait .................................90.8
Chile ....................................90.6
Georgia................................90.2
Jamaica ...............................89.8
Oman ..................................89.8
Jordan .................................89.3
Armenia...............................89.0
Azerbaijan............................88.8
Mexico ................................88.7
Mauritius4 ...........................88.4
Tunisia .................................88.0
Serbia ..................................87.9
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Egypt3 .................................87.8
Romania ..............................87.5
Costa Rica ...........................87.4
Sri Lanka3 ............................87.2
Kyrgyz Republic...................86.4
Hong Kong SAR ..................86.2
Trinidad and Tobago ............86.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina .....85.5
Montenegro6.......................85.5
Colombia .............................85.1
Russian Federation .............84.3
Macedonia, FYR..................84.3
Argentina5 ...........................84.1
Tajikistan..............................83.6
Thailand6 .............................83.4
Philippines ...........................83.3
Algeria4 ...............................83.2
Bolivia..................................81.9
Venezuela6 ..........................81.1
Turkey..................................80.2
Suriname .............................79.6
China ...................................77.3
Dominican Republic6 ..........77.2
Albania3 ...............................76.7
Botswana4 ..........................76.5
Indonesia.............................73.5
Syria ....................................72.1
Panama ...............................70.2
Nicaragua ............................69.9
Ecuador ...............................69.6
Malaysia4 ............................69.1
Paraguay4 ............................66.5
Vietnam1 .............................66.5
El Salvador ..........................64.4
Honduras.............................64.0
Namibia ...............................59.0
Morocco ..............................55.8
Guatemala ...........................55.6
Ghana6 ................................55.3
India5 ...................................54.6
Timor-Leste4........................53.4
Kenya ..................................52.8
Gambia, The6 ......................48.6
Nepal6 .................................48.3
Bangladesh .........................43.3
Zambia ................................43.1
Cambodia ............................40.4
Zimbabwe5..........................40.0
Lesotho5 .............................37.0
Pakistan...............................32.5
Benin4 .................................32.5
Nigeria5 ...............................31.9
Mali .....................................31.6
Ethiopia ...............................30.5
Malawi ................................28.3
Madagascar.........................26.4
Senegal ...............................26.3
Tanzania6 .............................26.1
Mauritania ...........................25.2
Cameroon ...........................25.2
Cte dIvoire2 ......................24.6
Uganda ................................22.5
Chad ....................................18.8
Mozambique .......................18.3
Burkina Faso6 ......................18.1
Burundi................................15.2
HARD DATA
SOURCE: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (June 2009); The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2009; national sources
1 2001
2 2002
3 2004
4 2005
5 2006
6 2008
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Colombia .............................31.8
Malta6 .................................31.6
Tunisia .................................30.8
Malaysia7 ............................30.2
Saudi Arabia7 ......................30.2
Brazil ...................................30.0
Philippines7 .........................28.5
Mexico ................................26.9
Paraguay6 ............................25.5
Oman ..................................25.5
Costa Rica6 .........................25.3
Algeria .................................24.0
China ...................................22.9
United Arab Emirates8 ........22.9
El Salvador ..........................21.7
Tajikistan..............................19.8
Syria8...................................19.4
Albania5 ...............................19.1
Jamaica4 .............................19.0
Nicaragua4...........................18.1
Guatemala ...........................17.7
Kuwait7 ...............................17.6
Indonesia.............................17.5
Honduras5 ...........................17.2
Sri Lanka .............................17.1
Qatar ...................................15.9
South Africa7 .......................15.4
Brunei Darussalam..............15.4
Azerbaijan............................15.2
Mauritius8 ...........................14.0
Suriname3 ...........................12.4
Guyana ................................12.3
India7 ...................................11.8
Trinidad and Tobago6...........11.4
Nepal ...................................11.3
Morocco ..............................11.3
Luxembourg7 ......................10.2
Nigeria6 ...............................10.2
Timor-Leste3..........................9.6
Vietnam2 ...............................9.5
Cte dIvoire..........................7.9
Senegal8................................7.7
Bangladesh ...........................7.2
Cameroon .............................7.2
Namibia7 ...............................6.4
Ghana ....................................5.8
Cambodia ..............................5.3
Botswana6 ............................5.1
Pakistan.................................5.1
Benin7 ...................................5.1
Mali .......................................4.4
Mauritania .............................4.0
Zimbabwe4............................3.6
Lesotho7 ...............................3.6
Uganda5 ................................3.5
Kenya ....................................3.5
Madagascar...........................3.2
Burkina Faso8 ........................3.0
Ethiopia .................................2.8
Zambia1 .................................2.3
Burundi..................................1.9
Tanzania.................................1.5
Mozambique6........................1.5
Chad6 ....................................1.2
Gambia, The5 ........................1.1
Malawi ..................................0.0
HARD DATA
SOURCE: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (June 2009); The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2009; national sources
1 2000
2 2001
3 2002
4 2003
5 2004
6 2005
7 2006
8 2008
5.02
395
396
5.03
How well does the educational system in your country meet the needs of a competitive economy? (1 = not well at all; 7 = very well) | 20082009
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
Singapore ...........................6.2
Switzerland ........................6.0
Iceland................................6.0
Finland................................5.9
Canada ...............................5.7
Denmark ............................5.7
Belgium..............................5.6
Ireland ................................5.6
Cyprus................................5.5
Qatar ..................................5.5
New Zealand ......................5.3
Sweden..............................5.3
Barbados ............................5.2
Australia .............................5.2
Netherlands........................5.2
Norway...............................5.1
Taiwan, China.....................5.0
Austria................................4.9
Tunisia ................................4.9
United Arab Emirates.........4.9
Malta ..................................4.9
United States .....................4.8
Malaysia .............................4.8
France ................................4.8
Czech Republic ..................4.8
Costa Rica ..........................4.7
Germany ............................4.7
Hong Kong SAR .................4.6
Gambia, The.......................4.6
United Kingdom .................4.6
Japan..................................4.5
Slovenia..............................4.5
Jordan ................................4.5
Kenya .................................4.4
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.4
Estonia ...............................4.4
India ...................................4.4
Luxembourg.......................4.3
Brunei Darussalam.............4.3
Bahrain ...............................4.2
Sri Lanka ............................4.2
Botswana ...........................4.1
Montenegro .......................4.1
Indonesia............................4.1
Poland ................................4.1
Zimbabwe ..........................4.0
Korea, Rep. ........................4.0
Nigeria................................3.9
Ukraine...............................3.9
Philippines..........................3.8
Mauritius ............................3.8
China ..................................3.8
Puerto Rico ........................3.8
Oman .................................3.8
Senegal ..............................3.8
Russian Federation ............3.8
Latvia..................................3.8
Zambia ...............................3.7
Macedonia, FYR.................3.7
Saudi Arabia .......................3.7
Uruguay..............................3.7
Guyana ...............................3.7
Albania ...............................3.7
Azerbaijan...........................3.7
Malawi ...............................3.7
Kazakhstan .........................3.6
Thailand..............................3.6
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Portugal..............................3.6
Benin..................................3.6
Ethiopia ..............................3.6
Serbia .................................3.6
Lesotho ..............................3.5
Colombia ............................3.5
Ghana.................................3.5
Croatia................................3.5
Lithuania.............................3.5
Romania .............................3.4
Spain ..................................3.4
Turkey.................................3.4
Hungary..............................3.4
Kuwait ................................3.3
Bulgaria ..............................3.3
Jamaica ..............................3.3
Cameroon ..........................3.3
Vietnam..............................3.3
Suriname............................3.3
Italy ....................................3.3
Madagascar........................3.3
Slovak Republic..................3.2
Greece ...............................3.2
Uganda...............................3.2
Tanzania..............................3.2
Mozambique ......................3.2
Argentina............................3.1
Cte dIvoire ......................3.1
Syria ...................................3.1
Georgia...............................3.1
Israel ..................................3.1
Pakistan..............................3.0
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.0
Cambodia ...........................3.0
El Salvador .........................3.0
Brazil ..................................3.0
Namibia ..............................3.0
Armenia..............................3.0
Tajikistan.............................3.0
Chile ...................................3.0
Bangladesh ........................2.9
Chad...................................2.9
Nepal..................................2.9
Panama ..............................2.9
Morocco.............................2.9
Timor-Leste ........................2.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.8
Mexico ...............................2.8
Honduras............................2.7
Venezuela...........................2.7
Algeria ................................2.6
South Africa .......................2.6
Nicaragua ...........................2.6
Mali ....................................2.6
Ecuador ..............................2.6
Egypt..................................2.6
Mauritania ..........................2.5
Guatemala..........................2.5
Bolivia.................................2.5
Burkina Faso ......................2.5
Libya...................................2.4
Dominican Republic ...........2.3
Peru....................................2.3
Burundi...............................2.3
Mongolia ............................2.3
Paraguay ............................1.9
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
How would you assess the quality of math and science education in your countrys schools? (1 = poor; 7 = excellentamong the best in the
world) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.0
Singapore ...........................6.4
Finland................................6.4
Qatar ..................................6.1
Belgium..............................6.1
Switzerland ........................5.7
Taiwan, China.....................5.6
Tunisia ................................5.5
France ................................5.5
New Zealand ......................5.4
Czech Republic ..................5.4
Hong Kong SAR .................5.4
Barbados ............................5.4
Cyprus................................5.4
Canada ...............................5.3
Denmark ............................5.2
Netherlands........................5.2
Estonia ...............................5.2
Korea, Rep. ........................5.2
Slovenia..............................5.2
United Arab Emirates.........5.1
Iceland................................5.1
India ...................................5.0
Poland ................................4.9
Ireland ................................4.9
Japan..................................4.9
Hungary..............................4.9
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.9
Malta ..................................4.9
Romania .............................4.9
Australia .............................4.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....4.8
Montenegro .......................4.8
Croatia................................4.8
Malaysia .............................4.8
China ..................................4.8
Sweden..............................4.8
Lithuania.............................4.8
Jordan ................................4.7
Austria................................4.7
Brunei Darussalam.............4.7
Ukraine...............................4.7
Russian Federation ............4.7
Serbia .................................4.7
Sri Lanka ............................4.6
Germany ............................4.5
Luxembourg.......................4.5
Greece ...............................4.5
United States .....................4.5
Senegal ..............................4.5
Indonesia............................4.5
Slovak Republic..................4.5
United Kingdom .................4.4
Vietnam..............................4.4
Bahrain ...............................4.3
Costa Rica ..........................4.3
Bulgaria ..............................4.3
Macedonia, FYR.................4.3
Norway...............................4.2
Albania ...............................4.2
Latvia..................................4.2
Syria ...................................4.2
Thailand..............................4.1
Burundi...............................4.1
Kenya .................................4.1
Mauritius ............................4.0
Cte dIvoire ......................4.0
Mongolia ............................4.0
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Suriname............................3.9
Benin..................................3.9
Madagascar........................3.9
Oman .................................3.9
Kazakhstan .........................3.9
Armenia..............................3.8
Turkey.................................3.8
Zimbabwe ..........................3.7
Saudi Arabia .......................3.7
Cameroon ..........................3.7
Morocco.............................3.7
Guyana ...............................3.7
Libya...................................3.7
Botswana ...........................3.7
Burkina Faso ......................3.7
Italy ....................................3.7
Georgia...............................3.6
Azerbaijan...........................3.6
Colombia ............................3.6
Puerto Rico ........................3.5
Uruguay..............................3.5
Kuwait ................................3.5
Zambia ...............................3.4
Gambia, The.......................3.4
Lesotho ..............................3.4
Pakistan..............................3.4
Philippines..........................3.4
Mauritania ..........................3.4
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.4
Nigeria................................3.4
Argentina............................3.3
Spain ..................................3.3
Ghana.................................3.3
Algeria ................................3.3
Malawi ...............................3.2
Israel ..................................3.2
Portugal..............................3.2
Nepal..................................3.2
Ethiopia ..............................3.1
Uganda...............................3.1
Mali ....................................3.1
Jamaica ..............................3.1
Chad...................................3.1
El Salvador .........................3.0
Bolivia.................................3.0
Panama ..............................3.0
Venezuela...........................3.0
Cambodia ...........................2.9
Chile ...................................2.9
Ecuador ..............................2.9
Bangladesh ........................2.9
Tajikistan.............................2.8
Namibia ..............................2.8
Nicaragua ...........................2.8
Mozambique ......................2.8
Brazil ..................................2.7
Egypt..................................2.7
Honduras............................2.6
Guatemala..........................2.6
Mexico ...............................2.6
Tanzania..............................2.5
Timor-Leste ........................2.3
Peru....................................2.2
Dominican Republic ...........2.2
Paraguay ............................2.1
South Africa .......................2.1
SCORE
MEAN: 4.0
5.04
397
398
5.05
How would you assess the quality of management or business schools in your country? (1 = poor; 7 = excellentamong the best in the
world) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.2
Switzerland ........................6.1
Canada ...............................6.0
France ................................5.9
United States .....................5.9
Singapore ...........................5.8
Spain ..................................5.8
Belgium..............................5.8
Qatar ..................................5.8
Denmark ............................5.6
Iceland................................5.6
Netherlands........................5.5
Finland................................5.4
Costa Rica ..........................5.4
Sweden..............................5.4
India ...................................5.4
United Kingdom .................5.4
Chile ...................................5.4
Australia .............................5.3
Ireland ................................5.3
New Zealand ......................5.2
Norway...............................5.2
United Arab Emirates.........5.1
Argentina............................5.1
Austria................................5.1
Tunisia ................................5.0
Germany ............................5.0
Barbados ............................4.9
Hong Kong SAR .................4.9
Senegal ..............................4.9
South Africa .......................4.8
Taiwan, China.....................4.8
Cyprus................................4.8
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.8
Malaysia .............................4.8
Estonia ...............................4.7
Czech Republic ..................4.7
Slovenia..............................4.7
Portugal..............................4.7
Philippines..........................4.7
Sri Lanka ............................4.6
Bahrain ...............................4.6
Malta ..................................4.5
Uruguay..............................4.5
Korea, Rep. ........................4.5
Poland ................................4.5
Italy ....................................4.4
Kenya .................................4.4
Guatemala..........................4.4
Mexico ...............................4.4
Latvia..................................4.3
Indonesia............................4.3
Morocco.............................4.3
Jordan ................................4.3
Peru....................................4.3
Puerto Rico ........................4.3
Benin..................................4.3
Venezuela...........................4.3
Gambia, The.......................4.2
Thailand..............................4.2
Lithuania.............................4.2
Colombia ............................4.2
Madagascar........................4.2
Nigeria................................4.1
Montenegro .......................4.1
Israel ..................................4.1
Brazil ..................................4.1
Jamaica ..............................4.1
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Hungary..............................4.1
Ghana.................................4.1
El Salvador .........................4.0
Cte dIvoire ......................4.0
China ..................................4.0
Luxembourg.......................4.0
Brunei Darussalam.............4.0
Cameroon ..........................4.0
Pakistan..............................3.9
Japan..................................3.9
Macedonia, FYR.................3.9
Saudi Arabia .......................3.9
Greece ...............................3.8
Turkey.................................3.8
Zambia ...............................3.8
Nicaragua ...........................3.8
Zimbabwe ..........................3.8
Romania .............................3.7
Burkina Faso ......................3.7
Suriname............................3.7
Guyana ...............................3.7
Croatia................................3.7
Serbia .................................3.7
Mauritius ............................3.7
Bulgaria ..............................3.7
Russian Federation ............3.7
Burundi...............................3.7
Ukraine...............................3.7
Dominican Republic ...........3.6
Kazakhstan .........................3.6
Kuwait ................................3.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....3.6
Slovak Republic..................3.6
Bangladesh ........................3.6
Panama ..............................3.6
Albania ...............................3.6
Uganda...............................3.5
Lesotho ..............................3.5
Georgia...............................3.5
Syria ...................................3.5
Honduras............................3.5
Ecuador ..............................3.4
Oman .................................3.4
Vietnam..............................3.4
Bolivia.................................3.4
Mali ....................................3.4
Egypt..................................3.3
Algeria ................................3.3
Malawi ...............................3.2
Azerbaijan...........................3.2
Botswana ...........................3.2
Ethiopia ..............................3.2
Cambodia ...........................3.1
Nepal..................................3.0
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.0
Mozambique ......................3.0
Chad...................................2.9
Armenia..............................2.9
Tajikistan.............................2.8
Tanzania..............................2.8
Paraguay ............................2.8
Namibia ..............................2.7
Mongolia ............................2.7
Mauritania ..........................2.6
Timor-Leste ........................2.2
Libya...................................2.2
SCORE
MEAN: 4.2
How would you rate the level of access to the Internet in schools in your country? (1 = very limited; 7 = extensive) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
Iceland................................6.6
Estonia ...............................6.5
Sweden..............................6.4
Korea, Rep. ........................6.2
Singapore ...........................6.2
Denmark ............................6.1
Finland................................6.1
Switzerland ........................6.1
Netherlands........................6.0
United States .....................5.9
Austria................................5.9
Canada ...............................5.9
Taiwan, China.....................5.9
Hong Kong SAR .................5.9
Qatar ..................................5.8
Slovenia..............................5.7
United Kingdom .................5.7
New Zealand ......................5.7
Czech Republic ..................5.7
Luxembourg.......................5.6
Norway...............................5.6
Malta ..................................5.5
China ..................................5.4
Belgium..............................5.4
Australia .............................5.3
United Arab Emirates.........5.3
Portugal..............................5.2
Bahrain ...............................5.2
Hungary..............................5.1
Latvia..................................5.0
Israel ..................................5.0
Lithuania.............................5.0
Japan..................................5.0
Cyprus................................4.9
France ................................4.9
Slovak Republic..................4.8
Brunei Darussalam.............4.7
Chile ...................................4.6
Germany ............................4.6
Malaysia .............................4.5
Thailand..............................4.5
Barbados ............................4.5
Uruguay..............................4.5
Spain ..................................4.3
Jordan ................................4.3
Tunisia ................................4.3
Ireland ................................4.3
Oman .................................4.3
Poland ................................4.2
Senegal ..............................4.2
Croatia................................4.2
Bulgaria ..............................4.1
Puerto Rico ........................4.1
Turkey.................................4.0
Kazakhstan .........................4.0
Azerbaijan...........................4.0
Romania .............................4.0
Vietnam..............................4.0
Indonesia............................3.9
Montenegro .......................3.8
Macedonia, FYR.................3.8
Costa Rica ..........................3.7
Russian Federation ............3.7
Brazil ..................................3.7
Georgia...............................3.6
Philippines..........................3.6
India ...................................3.6
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Italy ....................................3.5
Saudi Arabia .......................3.5
Ukraine...............................3.5
Peru....................................3.5
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.4
Greece ...............................3.4
Sri Lanka ............................3.4
Pakistan..............................3.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....3.4
Mexico ...............................3.4
Mauritius ............................3.4
Kuwait ................................3.4
Morocco.............................3.3
Colombia ............................3.3
Panama ..............................3.3
Serbia .................................3.2
Gambia, The.......................3.2
Jamaica ..............................3.1
Dominican Republic ...........3.1
Albania ...............................3.1
Venezuela...........................3.0
Argentina............................3.0
Honduras............................3.0
Nigeria................................2.9
Tajikistan.............................2.9
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.9
Mongolia ............................2.9
Egypt..................................2.9
Botswana ...........................2.9
Ecuador ..............................2.8
El Salvador .........................2.8
Kenya .................................2.8
South Africa .......................2.8
Armenia..............................2.8
Namibia ..............................2.8
Guatemala..........................2.8
Nepal..................................2.7
Cambodia ...........................2.6
Ghana.................................2.6
Lesotho ..............................2.6
Suriname............................2.6
Cameroon ..........................2.6
Mali ....................................2.6
Nicaragua ...........................2.6
Guyana ...............................2.5
Madagascar........................2.5
Bolivia.................................2.5
Cte dIvoire ......................2.4
Zambia ...............................2.4
Benin..................................2.4
Uganda...............................2.4
Mozambique ......................2.4
Mauritania ..........................2.3
Libya...................................2.3
Ethiopia ..............................2.2
Algeria ................................2.1
Tanzania..............................2.1
Zimbabwe ..........................2.1
Syria ...................................2.0
Burkina Faso ......................2.0
Malawi ...............................2.0
Burundi...............................1.8
Timor-Leste ........................1.8
Chad...................................1.7
Bangladesh ........................1.6
Paraguay ............................1.6
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
5.06
399
400
5.07
In your country, to what extent are high-quality, specialized training services available? (1 = not available; 7 = widely available) | 20082009
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
Switzerland ........................6.3
Germany ............................6.0
United States .....................6.0
Netherlands........................6.0
Finland................................5.9
Denmark ............................5.9
Sweden..............................5.8
France ................................5.8
United Kingdom .................5.6
Belgium..............................5.6
Canada ...............................5.6
Austria................................5.5
Japan..................................5.5
Singapore ...........................5.5
Norway...............................5.4
Czech Republic ..................5.3
Australia .............................5.3
Iceland................................5.3
New Zealand ......................5.1
Hong Kong SAR .................5.1
United Arab Emirates.........5.0
Taiwan, China.....................5.0
Puerto Rico ........................4.9
Estonia ...............................4.9
Ireland ................................4.9
Malaysia .............................4.9
Spain ..................................4.8
Israel ..................................4.8
Brazil ..................................4.8
Poland ................................4.8
Slovenia..............................4.7
India ...................................4.7
Tunisia ................................4.7
Portugal..............................4.6
Korea, Rep. ........................4.6
Senegal ..............................4.6
Costa Rica ..........................4.6
Luxembourg.......................4.6
Cyprus................................4.6
South Africa .......................4.6
Chile ...................................4.6
Saudi Arabia .......................4.6
Italy ....................................4.5
Jordan ................................4.5
Kenya .................................4.4
Sri Lanka ............................4.4
China ..................................4.4
Indonesia............................4.3
Hungary..............................4.3
Slovak Republic..................4.3
Lithuania.............................4.3
Qatar ..................................4.2
Mexico ...............................4.2
Croatia................................4.2
Guatemala..........................4.2
Uruguay..............................4.2
Argentina............................4.2
Malta ..................................4.1
Colombia ............................4.1
Azerbaijan...........................4.1
Thailand..............................4.1
Barbados ............................4.1
Dominican Republic ...........4.1
Montenegro .......................4.0
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.0
Latvia..................................4.0
Romania .............................4.0
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Kazakhstan .........................4.0
Russian Federation ............4.0
Cte dIvoire ......................4.0
El Salvador .........................4.0
Nigeria................................3.9
Bulgaria ..............................3.9
Ukraine...............................3.9
Turkey.................................3.9
Panama ..............................3.9
Benin..................................3.9
Egypt..................................3.9
Morocco.............................3.9
Kuwait ................................3.8
Gambia, The.......................3.8
Jamaica ..............................3.8
Philippines..........................3.8
Greece ...............................3.8
Peru....................................3.8
Burkina Faso ......................3.7
Uganda...............................3.7
Honduras............................3.6
Vietnam..............................3.6
Serbia .................................3.6
Madagascar........................3.6
Zambia ...............................3.6
Mauritius ............................3.6
Oman .................................3.5
Tanzania..............................3.5
Syria ...................................3.5
Malawi ...............................3.5
Lesotho ..............................3.5
Pakistan..............................3.4
Mali ....................................3.4
Macedonia, FYR.................3.4
Venezuela...........................3.4
Bahrain ...............................3.4
Ghana.................................3.4
Ecuador ..............................3.3
Cambodia ...........................3.3
Cameroon ..........................3.3
Brunei Darussalam.............3.3
Ethiopia ..............................3.2
Albania ...............................3.2
Algeria ................................3.2
Bolivia.................................3.2
Botswana ...........................3.2
Libya...................................3.2
Nicaragua ...........................3.2
Zimbabwe ..........................3.1
Suriname............................3.1
Guyana ...............................3.1
Bangladesh ........................3.0
Armenia..............................3.0
Burundi...............................3.0
Georgia...............................3.0
Mozambique ......................3.0
Namibia ..............................3.0
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.9
Mauritania ..........................2.9
Chad...................................2.9
Nepal..................................2.8
Tajikistan.............................2.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.8
Paraguay ............................2.7
Timor-Leste ........................2.5
Mongolia ............................2.4
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
To what extent do companies in your country invest in training and employee development? (1 = hardly at all; 7 = to a great extent) | 20082009
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.0
Sweden..............................5.7
Singapore ...........................5.6
Switzerland ........................5.6
Denmark ............................5.6
Japan..................................5.4
Luxembourg.......................5.4
Norway...............................5.4
United States .....................5.3
Finland................................5.3
Netherlands........................5.2
Germany ............................5.2
Canada ...............................5.0
Belgium..............................4.9
Iceland................................4.9
Ireland ................................4.9
Malaysia .............................4.9
France ................................4.9
Australia .............................4.8
Taiwan, China.....................4.8
New Zealand ......................4.8
South Africa .......................4.8
Puerto Rico ........................4.8
Qatar ..................................4.8
Austria................................4.8
Hong Kong SAR .................4.8
United Kingdom .................4.7
Costa Rica ..........................4.7
Czech Republic ..................4.7
Korea, Rep. ........................4.7
United Arab Emirates.........4.6
Tunisia ................................4.6
Azerbaijan...........................4.5
Indonesia............................4.5
India ...................................4.5
Israel ..................................4.5
Bahrain ...............................4.5
Barbados ............................4.4
Philippines..........................4.4
Chile ...................................4.4
Estonia ...............................4.4
Gambia, The.......................4.4
Slovenia..............................4.3
Cyprus................................4.3
Mauritius ............................4.3
Saudi Arabia .......................4.3
Vietnam..............................4.2
Cte dIvoire ......................4.2
Kenya .................................4.2
Malta ..................................4.2
China ..................................4.2
Slovak Republic..................4.2
Brazil ..................................4.2
Oman .................................4.1
Brunei Darussalam.............4.1
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.1
El Salvador .........................4.1
Romania .............................4.1
Namibia ..............................4.1
Panama ..............................4.1
Lithuania.............................4.1
Jamaica ..............................4.1
Thailand..............................4.1
Poland ................................4.1
Guatemala..........................4.0
Montenegro .......................4.0
Zimbabwe ..........................4.0
Jordan ................................4.0
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
SCORE
MEAN: 4.0
5.08
401
Data Tables
Section VI
Goods market efficiency
403
404
6.01
How would you assess the intensity of competition in the local markets in your country? (1 = limited in most industries; 7 = intense in most
industries) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.9
Germany ............................6.2
Taiwan, China.....................6.1
Austria................................6.0
Netherlands........................6.0
United States .....................5.9
United Kingdom .................5.8
Belgium..............................5.8
Japan..................................5.8
United Arab Emirates.........5.8
Czech Republic ..................5.8
Denmark ............................5.8
India ...................................5.8
China ..................................5.8
Qatar ..................................5.7
France ................................5.7
Cyprus................................5.7
Australia .............................5.7
Puerto Rico ........................5.7
Norway...............................5.6
Sweden..............................5.6
Singapore ...........................5.6
Spain ..................................5.6
Chile ...................................5.6
Canada ...............................5.6
Slovak Republic..................5.6
Estonia ...............................5.5
Switzerland ........................5.5
Malta ..................................5.5
Israel ..................................5.5
Jordan ................................5.4
Finland................................5.4
Turkey.................................5.4
Poland ................................5.4
Nigeria................................5.4
Hong Kong SAR .................5.4
Sri Lanka ............................5.4
Saudi Arabia .......................5.3
Senegal ..............................5.3
Korea, Rep. ........................5.3
Tunisia ................................5.3
Thailand..............................5.3
Malaysia .............................5.3
El Salvador .........................5.3
Hungary..............................5.3
Kuwait ................................5.3
Portugal..............................5.3
Indonesia............................5.3
Jamaica ..............................5.2
Ireland ................................5.2
Guatemala..........................5.2
Bahrain ...............................5.2
Brazil ..................................5.2
New Zealand ......................5.2
Costa Rica ..........................5.1
Uganda...............................5.1
Slovenia..............................5.1
Iceland................................5.1
Trinidad and Tobago ...........5.0
Oman .................................5.0
South Africa .......................5.0
Kenya .................................5.0
Vietnam..............................5.0
Benin..................................5.0
Luxembourg.......................4.9
Ghana.................................4.9
Bulgaria ..............................4.9
Syria ...................................4.9
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Greece ...............................4.9
Romania .............................4.9
Peru....................................4.9
Panama ..............................4.9
Mauritius ............................4.9
Lithuania.............................4.9
Bangladesh ........................4.8
Brunei Darussalam.............4.8
Gambia, The.......................4.8
Mali ....................................4.8
Colombia ............................4.8
Latvia..................................4.7
Cameroon ..........................4.7
Philippines..........................4.7
Dominican Republic ...........4.7
Egypt..................................4.7
Cte dIvoire ......................4.7
Malawi ...............................4.7
Namibia ..............................4.7
Pakistan..............................4.7
Botswana ...........................4.6
Morocco.............................4.6
Suriname............................4.6
Honduras............................4.6
Guyana ...............................4.6
Croatia................................4.6
Mexico ...............................4.6
Zambia ...............................4.5
Barbados ............................4.5
Mauritania ..........................4.5
Mongolia ............................4.5
Montenegro .......................4.5
Madagascar........................4.4
Kazakhstan .........................4.4
Macedonia, FYR.................4.4
Italy ....................................4.4
Lesotho ..............................4.3
Azerbaijan...........................4.3
Russian Federation ............4.3
Argentina............................4.3
Tanzania..............................4.3
Algeria ................................4.2
Nepal..................................4.2
Ukraine...............................4.2
Cambodia ...........................4.2
Burkina Faso ......................4.2
Uruguay..............................4.2
Georgia...............................4.2
Albania ...............................4.1
Tajikistan.............................4.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....4.0
Paraguay ............................4.0
Serbia .................................4.0
Kyrgyz Republic .................4.0
Libya...................................4.0
Ethiopia ..............................4.0
Ecuador ..............................3.9
Nicaragua ...........................3.8
Bolivia.................................3.8
Mozambique ......................3.8
Armenia..............................3.6
Zimbabwe ..........................3.4
Burundi...............................3.4
Venezuela...........................3.3
Timor-Leste ........................3.1
Chad...................................3.0
SCORE
MEAN: 4.9
How would you characterize corporate activity in your country? (1 = dominated by a few business groups; 7 = spread among many
firms) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.9
Germany ............................6.0
Japan..................................5.9
Switzerland ........................5.8
Austria................................5.7
Netherlands........................5.6
Qatar ..................................5.6
United States .....................5.5
Taiwan, China.....................5.5
Belgium..............................5.4
Denmark ............................5.3
Singapore ...........................5.3
Australia .............................5.3
Canada ...............................5.1
United Kingdom .................5.1
Slovak Republic..................5.1
United Arab Emirates.........5.0
Sweden..............................5.0
Finland................................5.0
Czech Republic ..................5.0
Puerto Rico ........................5.0
Spain ..................................5.0
India ...................................5.0
Norway...............................5.0
Luxembourg.......................4.9
France ................................4.9
China ..................................4.9
Tunisia ................................4.8
Costa Rica ..........................4.8
Ireland ................................4.8
Italy ....................................4.6
Senegal ..............................4.6
Malaysia .............................4.6
Cyprus................................4.5
Indonesia............................4.4
Brazil ..................................4.4
Gambia, The.......................4.4
Saudi Arabia .......................4.4
Sri Lanka ............................4.4
Romania .............................4.3
South Africa .......................4.3
Vietnam..............................4.2
Jordan ................................4.2
Estonia ...............................4.2
Benin..................................4.2
New Zealand ......................4.2
Bahrain ...............................4.1
Poland ................................4.1
Slovenia..............................4.1
Panama ..............................4.0
Malta ..................................4.0
Nigeria................................4.0
Uruguay..............................4.0
Turkey.................................4.0
Kenya .................................4.0
Ghana.................................4.0
Kuwait ................................3.9
Latvia..................................3.9
Guatemala..........................3.9
Thailand..............................3.9
Hong Kong SAR .................3.9
Greece ...............................3.8
Algeria ................................3.8
Chile ...................................3.8
Morocco.............................3.8
Korea, Rep. ........................3.8
Montenegro .......................3.8
Bulgaria ..............................3.7
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Mali ....................................3.7
Zambia ...............................3.7
Hungary..............................3.7
Pakistan..............................3.6
Brunei Darussalam.............3.6
Lesotho ..............................3.6
Burkina Faso ......................3.6
Portugal..............................3.6
Burundi...............................3.5
Zimbabwe ..........................3.5
Jamaica ..............................3.5
Oman .................................3.5
Guyana ...............................3.5
Lithuania.............................3.5
Libya...................................3.5
Peru....................................3.5
Iceland................................3.5
Argentina............................3.4
Botswana ...........................3.4
Kazakhstan .........................3.4
Cambodia ...........................3.4
Azerbaijan...........................3.4
Suriname............................3.3
Ukraine...............................3.3
Russian Federation ............3.3
Cameroon ..........................3.3
Tanzania..............................3.3
Namibia ..............................3.3
Ethiopia ..............................3.3
El Salvador .........................3.3
Georgia...............................3.3
Barbados ............................3.3
Tajikistan.............................3.3
Syria ...................................3.3
Egypt..................................3.2
Malawi ...............................3.2
Albania ...............................3.2
Croatia................................3.2
Macedonia, FYR.................3.1
Paraguay ............................3.1
Philippines..........................3.1
Madagascar........................3.1
Bolivia.................................3.1
Mauritius ............................3.0
Honduras............................3.0
Colombia ............................3.0
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.0
Dominican Republic ...........3.0
Mexico ...............................3.0
Chad...................................3.0
Timor-Leste ........................3.0
Ecuador ..............................3.0
Mauritania ..........................3.0
Cte dIvoire ......................2.9
Nicaragua ...........................2.9
Mozambique ......................2.9
Trinidad and Tobago ...........2.9
Israel ..................................2.9
Venezuela...........................2.8
Uganda...............................2.8
Bangladesh ........................2.8
Armenia..............................2.8
Nepal..................................2.7
Serbia .................................2.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.5
Mongolia ............................2.3
SCORE
MEAN: 3.9
6.02
405
406
6.03
To what extent does anti-monopoly policy promote competition in your country? (1 = does not promote competition; 7 = effectively promotes
competition) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.0
Netherlands........................5.9
Sweden..............................5.9
Germany ............................5.8
New Zealand ......................5.6
Denmark ............................5.6
Finland................................5.5
Australia .............................5.5
Singapore ...........................5.4
Norway...............................5.4
France ................................5.4
United States .....................5.4
Austria................................5.3
Japan..................................5.3
Belgium..............................5.3
South Africa .......................5.3
Luxembourg.......................5.3
United Kingdom .................5.2
Puerto Rico ........................5.2
Canada ...............................5.2
Ireland ................................5.1
Switzerland ........................5.1
Taiwan, China.....................5.0
Iceland................................4.9
Tunisia ................................4.9
India ...................................4.9
Cyprus................................4.9
Czech Republic ..................4.9
Chile ...................................4.8
United Arab Emirates.........4.7
Indonesia............................4.7
Korea, Rep. ........................4.6
Spain ..................................4.6
Gambia, The.......................4.6
Slovak Republic..................4.6
Estonia ...............................4.6
Brazil ..................................4.5
Jordan ................................4.5
Malta ..................................4.5
Qatar ..................................4.5
Israel ..................................4.4
Saudi Arabia .......................4.4
Slovenia..............................4.4
Portugal..............................4.4
Bahrain ...............................4.4
Turkey.................................4.4
Sri Lanka ............................4.3
Malaysia .............................4.3
Oman .................................4.3
Kenya .................................4.3
China ..................................4.2
Poland ................................4.2
Costa Rica ..........................4.2
Thailand..............................4.1
Hungary..............................4.1
Panama ..............................4.1
Vietnam..............................4.1
Nigeria................................4.1
Jamaica ..............................4.1
Greece ...............................4.1
Senegal ..............................4.0
Morocco.............................4.0
Malawi ...............................4.0
Latvia..................................4.0
Mauritania ..........................4.0
Colombia ............................4.0
Romania .............................3.9
Barbados ............................3.9
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Benin..................................3.9
Zambia ...............................3.9
Peru....................................3.9
Brunei Darussalam.............3.8
Montenegro .......................3.8
Mauritius ............................3.8
Namibia ..............................3.8
Tanzania..............................3.8
Italy ....................................3.7
Burkina Faso ......................3.7
Pakistan..............................3.7
Botswana ...........................3.7
Libya...................................3.7
Guyana ...............................3.7
El Salvador .........................3.6
Uganda...............................3.6
Hong Kong SAR .................3.6
Syria ...................................3.6
Croatia................................3.6
Philippines..........................3.5
Uruguay..............................3.5
Mexico ...............................3.5
Bangladesh ........................3.5
Lesotho ..............................3.5
Kazakhstan .........................3.4
Zimbabwe ..........................3.4
Mali ....................................3.4
Egypt..................................3.4
Cte dIvoire ......................3.4
Kuwait ................................3.4
Lithuania.............................3.4
Bulgaria ..............................3.4
Macedonia, FYR.................3.4
Madagascar........................3.4
Cameroon ..........................3.4
Honduras............................3.4
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.4
Cambodia ...........................3.4
Ghana.................................3.4
Russian Federation ............3.3
Guatemala..........................3.3
Tajikistan.............................3.3
Nepal..................................3.3
Ukraine...............................3.2
Argentina............................3.2
Mozambique ......................3.2
Albania ...............................3.2
Dominican Republic ...........3.2
Azerbaijan...........................3.2
Algeria ................................3.1
Nicaragua ...........................3.1
Ethiopia ..............................3.1
Suriname............................3.1
Burundi...............................3.0
Mongolia ............................3.0
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.0
Venezuela...........................2.9
Georgia...............................2.9
Chad...................................2.8
Timor-Leste ........................2.7
Paraguay ............................2.7
Bolivia.................................2.7
Serbia .................................2.7
Ecuador ..............................2.7
Armenia..............................2.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.4
SCORE
MEAN: 4.0
What impact does the level of taxes in your country have on incentives to work or invest? (1 = significantly limits incentives to work or invest;
7 = has no impact on incentives to work or invest) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.6
Bahrain ...............................6.3
Hong Kong SAR .................6.1
United Arab Emirates.........6.0
Singapore ...........................5.7
Oman .................................5.6
Mauritius ............................5.6
Luxembourg.......................5.6
Saudi Arabia .......................5.4
Kuwait ................................5.3
Qatar ..................................5.2
Iceland................................5.1
Switzerland ........................5.0
Cyprus................................5.0
Brunei Darussalam.............5.0
Estonia ...............................4.8
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.7
Tunisia ................................4.6
Slovak Republic..................4.5
Georgia...............................4.5
Botswana ...........................4.5
Paraguay ............................4.5
Indonesia............................4.5
Libya...................................4.4
Taiwan, China.....................4.3
El Salvador .........................4.2
Ireland ................................4.2
South Africa .......................4.2
Barbados ............................4.2
India ...................................4.2
Malaysia .............................4.2
Montenegro .......................4.2
China ..................................4.1
Malta ..................................4.0
Syria ...................................4.0
Timor-Leste ........................4.0
Gambia, The.......................3.9
Honduras............................3.9
Azerbaijan...........................3.9
Namibia ..............................3.9
Thailand..............................3.9
Macedonia, FYR.................3.9
Chile ...................................3.9
Costa Rica ..........................3.9
Guatemala..........................3.9
Czech Republic ..................3.9
Norway...............................3.8
Nigeria................................3.8
Vietnam..............................3.8
Peru....................................3.7
Cambodia ...........................3.7
Pakistan..............................3.7
Egypt..................................3.7
New Zealand ......................3.7
Mauritania ..........................3.7
Netherlands........................3.6
Slovenia..............................3.6
Albania ...............................3.6
Nepal..................................3.6
United States .....................3.6
Mongolia ............................3.6
Ghana.................................3.6
Tanzania..............................3.6
Bangladesh ........................3.5
Israel ..................................3.5
Canada ...............................3.5
Australia .............................3.5
Austria................................3.5
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Philippines..........................3.5
Panama ..............................3.4
Algeria ................................3.4
Lesotho ..............................3.4
Korea, Rep. ........................3.4
Jordan ................................3.4
Nicaragua ...........................3.4
Madagascar........................3.3
Burkina Faso ......................3.3
Ethiopia ..............................3.3
Greece ...............................3.3
Sri Lanka ............................3.3
Latvia..................................3.3
Bulgaria ..............................3.3
Morocco.............................3.2
Lithuania.............................3.2
United Kingdom .................3.2
Senegal ..............................3.2
Armenia..............................3.2
Spain ..................................3.2
Tajikistan.............................3.2
Kazakhstan .........................3.2
Mali ....................................3.1
Mexico ...............................3.1
France ................................3.1
Mozambique ......................3.1
Cte dIvoire ......................3.1
Puerto Rico ........................3.1
Uganda...............................3.1
Serbia .................................3.1
Zambia ...............................3.1
Russian Federation ............3.1
Malawi ...............................3.0
Japan..................................3.0
Portugal..............................3.0
Venezuela...........................3.0
Benin..................................3.0
Suriname............................3.0
Germany ............................2.9
Ecuador ..............................2.9
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.9
Finland................................2.9
Poland ................................2.8
Sweden..............................2.8
Kenya .................................2.8
Cameroon ..........................2.8
Uruguay..............................2.8
Dominican Republic ...........2.8
Croatia................................2.8
Chad...................................2.8
Guyana ...............................2.8
Burundi...............................2.8
Colombia ............................2.7
Turkey.................................2.7
Romania .............................2.7
Jamaica ..............................2.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.5
Bolivia.................................2.5
Italy ....................................2.5
Zimbabwe ..........................2.4
Ukraine...............................2.4
Denmark ............................2.3
Belgium..............................2.3
Argentina............................2.2
Hungary..............................1.9
Brazil ..................................1.9
SCORE
MEAN: 3.6
6.04
407
408
6.05
This variable is a combination of profit tax (% of profits), labor tax and contribution (% of profits), and other taxes (% of profits) | 2008
RANK
1
2
2
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
18
20
21
22
22
24
25
26
26
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
41
43
43
43
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Qatar ...................................11.3
Kuwait .................................14.4
United Arab Emirates..........14.4
Saudi Arabia ........................14.5
Bahrain ................................15.0
Zambia ................................16.1
Botswana ............................17.1
Lesotho ...............................18.0
Macedonia, FYR..................18.4
Luxembourg ........................21.0
Oman ..................................21.6
Mauritius .............................22.2
Cambodia ............................22.6
Hong Kong SAR ..................24.2
Namibia ...............................25.3
Chile ....................................25.9
Iceland.................................26.8
Singapore ............................27.9
Suriname .............................27.9
Timor-Leste .........................28.3
Ireland .................................28.8
Pakistan...............................28.9
Switzerland .........................28.9
Denmark .............................29.9
Mongolia .............................30.3
Ethiopia ...............................31.1
Jordan .................................31.1
Malawi ................................31.4
Montenegro ........................31.8
Nigeria .................................32.2
Croatia .................................32.5
Ghana ..................................32.7
Latvia...................................33.0
Trinidad and Tobago ............33.1
Korea, Rep. .........................33.7
Israel ...................................33.9
Serbia ..................................34.0
Nepal ...................................34.1
South Africa ........................34.2
Mozambique .......................34.3
Malaysia ..............................34.5
Uganda ................................34.5
Bulgaria ...............................34.9
Ecuador ...............................34.9
El Salvador ..........................34.9
Paraguay .............................35.0
United Kingdom ..................35.3
New Zealand .......................35.6
Dominican Republic ............35.7
Kazakhstan ..........................36.4
Guatemala ...........................36.5
Armenia...............................36.6
Slovenia...............................36.7
Indonesia.............................37.3
Brunei Darussalam..............37.4
Thailand ...............................37.8
Georgia................................38.6
Netherlands.........................39.1
Guyana ................................39.4
Bangladesh .........................39.5
Vietnam ...............................40.1
Poland .................................40.2
Taiwan, China ......................40.4
Azerbaijan............................41.1
Peru.....................................41.2
Norway................................41.6
United States ......................42.3
68
69
70
71
72
72
74
75
75
77
78
79
80
81
81
83
84
85
85
87
88
89
90
90
92
93
94
95
96
96
98
99
99
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
113
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Madagascar.........................42.8
Syria ....................................43.5
Portugal ...............................43.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina .....44.1
Burkina Faso .......................44.6
Morocco ..............................44.6
Tanzania...............................45.1
Canada ................................45.4
Cte dIvoire........................45.4
Turkey..................................45.5
Senegal ...............................46.0
Egypt ...................................46.1
Lithuania..............................46.4
Greece ................................47.4
Slovak Republic...................47.4
Finland.................................47.8
Romania ..............................48.0
Czech Republic ...................48.6
Estonia ................................48.6
Russian Federation .............48.7
Honduras.............................49.3
Australia ..............................50.3
Albania ................................50.5
Germany .............................50.5
Panama ...............................50.6
Philippines ...........................50.8
Kenya ..................................50.9
Jamaica ...............................51.3
Cameroon ...........................51.4
Mali .....................................51.4
Mexico ................................51.5
Austria .................................54.5
Sweden ...............................54.5
Japan...................................55.4
Costa Rica ...........................55.7
Venezuela ............................56.6
Hungary...............................57.5
Belgium ...............................58.1
Ukraine ................................58.4
Uruguay...............................58.5
Tunisia .................................59.1
Spain ...................................60.2
Chad ....................................60.5
Kyrgyz Republic...................61.4
Nicaragua ............................63.2
Sri Lanka .............................63.7
Zimbabwe ...........................63.7
Puerto Rico .........................64.7
France .................................65.4
Brazil ...................................69.4
India ....................................71.5
Benin ...................................73.2
Italy .....................................73.3
Algeria .................................74.2
Bolivia..................................78.1
Colombia .............................78.4
China ...................................79.9
Tajikistan..............................85.5
Mauritania ...........................98.7
Argentina...........................108.1
Burundi..............................278.7
Gambia, The......................292.4
Barbados ...............................n/a
Cyprus ...................................n/a
Libya ......................................n/a
Malta .....................................n/a
HARD DATA
RANK
1
1
3
4
4
4
4
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Canada .....................................1
New Zealand ............................1
Australia ...................................2
Belgium ....................................3
Finland......................................3
Georgia.....................................3
Sweden ....................................3
Bulgaria ....................................4
Denmark ..................................4
Hungary....................................4
Ireland ......................................4
Kyrgyz Republic........................4
Senegal ....................................4
Singapore .................................4
Sri Lanka ..................................4
Burkina Faso ............................5
Estonia .....................................5
France ......................................5
Hong Kong SAR .......................5
Iceland......................................5
Israel ........................................5
Latvia........................................5
Madagascar..............................5
Mauritius ..................................5
Slovenia....................................5
Albania .....................................6
Azerbaijan.................................6
Egypt ........................................6
Italy ..........................................6
Jamaica ....................................6
Luxembourg .............................6
Morocco ...................................6
Netherlands..............................6
Nicaragua .................................6
Norway.....................................6
Portugal ....................................6
Qatar ........................................6
Romania ...................................6
Slovak Republic........................6
South Africa .............................6
Switzerland ..............................6
Turkey.......................................6
United Kingdom .......................6
United States ...........................6
Zambia .....................................6
Bahrain .....................................7
Bangladesh ..............................7
Benin ........................................7
Ethiopia ....................................7
Lesotho ....................................7
Lithuania...................................7
Macedonia, FYR.......................7
Mongolia ..................................7
Nepal ........................................7
Oman .......................................7
Panama ....................................7
Paraguay ..................................7
Puerto Rico ..............................7
Saudi Arabia .............................7
Austria ......................................8
Croatia ......................................8
Czech Republic ........................8
Dominican Republic .................8
El Salvador ...............................8
Gambia, The.............................8
Guyana .....................................8
Japan........................................8
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
107
107
107
107
111
111
111
111
111
111
117
117
117
120
120
120
120
120
125
126
126
126
129
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Kazakhstan ...............................8
Nigeria ......................................8
Russian Federation ..................8
Syria .........................................8
Taiwan, China ...........................8
Thailand ....................................8
United Arab Emirates...............8
Armenia....................................9
Cambodia .................................9
Chile .........................................9
Colombia ..................................9
Germany ..................................9
Ghana .......................................9
Malaysia ...................................9
Mauritania ................................9
Mexico .....................................9
Trinidad and Tobago .................9
Botswana ...............................10
Cte dIvoire...........................10
Jordan ....................................10
Korea, Rep. ............................10
Malawi ...................................10
Mozambique ..........................10
Namibia ..................................10
Peru........................................10
Poland ....................................10
Spain ......................................10
Timor-Leste ............................10
Tunisia ....................................10
Ukraine ...................................10
Zimbabwe ..............................10
Burundi...................................11
Guatemala ..............................11
Indonesia................................11
Mali ........................................11
Pakistan..................................11
Serbia .....................................11
Uruguay..................................11
Vietnam ..................................11
Bosnia and Herzegovina ........12
Costa Rica ..............................12
Kenya .....................................12
Tanzania..................................12
Cameroon ..............................13
Honduras................................13
India .......................................13
Kuwait ....................................13
Suriname ................................13
Tajikistan1 ...............................13
Algeria ....................................14
China ......................................14
Ecuador ..................................14
Argentina................................15
Bolivia.....................................15
Greece ...................................15
Montenegro ...........................15
Philippines ..............................15
Venezuela ...............................16
Brazil ......................................18
Brunei Darussalam.................18
Uganda ...................................18
Chad .......................................19
Barbados ...............................n/a
Cyprus ...................................n/a
Libya ......................................n/a
Malta .....................................n/a
HARD DATA
1 2009
6.06
409
410
6.07
RANK
1
2
3
4
4
6
6
6
9
9
9
9
9
9
15
15
15
15
15
20
20
20
23
23
25
25
25
25
29
29
31
31
33
33
33
33
33
38
38
38
41
41
41
44
44
44
44
44
49
49
49
49
53
53
53
56
56
56
56
60
60
62
62
64
65
65
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
67
69
70
70
70
70
70
75
75
75
78
78
80
80
82
82
84
84
84
84
88
89
90
90
92
92
94
95
96
97
97
99
99
99
99
99
104
105
105
107
108
109
109
111
111
113
114
114
116
116
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Pakistan...............................24.0
Uganda ................................25.0
Guatemala ...........................26.0
Lithuania..............................26.0
Luxembourg ........................26.0
Mali .....................................26.0
Mozambique .......................26.0
Chile ....................................27.0
Gambia, The........................27.0
Ukraine ................................27.0
Austria .................................28.0
Mexico ................................28.0
Russian Federation .............29.0
Tanzania...............................29.0
India ....................................30.0
Kenya ..................................30.0
Benin ...................................31.0
Nepal ...................................31.0
Nigeria .................................31.0
Poland .................................31.0
Argentina.............................32.0
Thailand ...............................33.0
Ghana ..................................34.0
Israel ...................................34.0
Kuwait .................................35.0
Paraguay .............................35.0
Colombia .............................36.0
Cameroon ...........................37.0
Sri Lanka .............................38.0
Malawi ................................39.0
Nicaragua ............................39.0
China ...................................40.0
Cte dIvoire........................40.0
Croatia .................................40.0
Guyana ................................40.0
Lesotho ...............................40.0
Taiwan, China ......................42.0
Burundi................................43.0
Trinidad and Tobago ............43.0
Uruguay...............................44.0
Spain ...................................47.0
Bulgaria ...............................49.0
Tajikistan..............................49.0
Bolivia..................................50.0
Vietnam ...............................50.0
Philippines ...........................52.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina .....60.0
Costa Rica ...........................60.0
Ecuador ...............................65.0
Peru.....................................65.0
Namibia ...............................66.0
Bangladesh .........................73.0
Chad ....................................75.0
Indonesia.............................76.0
Botswana ............................78.0
Timor-Leste .........................83.0
Cambodia ............................85.0
Zimbabwe ...........................96.0
Brunei Darussalam............116.0
Venezuela ..........................141.0
Brazil .................................152.0
Suriname ...........................694.0
Barbados ...............................n/a
Cyprus ...................................n/a
Libya ......................................n/a
Malta .....................................n/a
HARD DATA
How would you assess the agricultural policy in your country? (1 = it is excessively burdensome for the economy; 7 = it balances the interests of
taxpayers, consumers, and producers) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.9
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Nicaragua ...........................3.8
Sri Lanka ............................3.8
Thailand..............................3.8
Finland................................3.8
Panama ..............................3.7
Turkey.................................3.7
Mali ....................................3.7
Mongolia ............................3.7
Norway...............................3.7
Ghana.................................3.7
Kazakhstan .........................3.7
Senegal ..............................3.7
Jamaica ..............................3.7
Lithuania.............................3.7
India ...................................3.7
Spain ..................................3.7
Paraguay ............................3.6
Tajikistan.............................3.6
Germany ............................3.6
Timor-Leste ........................3.6
Pakistan..............................3.6
Mauritania ..........................3.6
Dominican Republic ...........3.6
Portugal..............................3.6
Cte dIvoire ......................3.6
Morocco.............................3.6
Albania ...............................3.6
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.5
Korea, Rep. ........................3.5
Philippines..........................3.5
Tanzania..............................3.5
Egypt..................................3.5
Ecuador ..............................3.5
Uganda...............................3.5
Nigeria................................3.5
Georgia...............................3.5
Iceland................................3.5
Libya...................................3.5
Puerto Rico ........................3.5
Hungary..............................3.5
Russian Federation ............3.4
Switzerland ........................3.4
Nepal..................................3.4
Chad...................................3.4
Latvia..................................3.4
Bolivia.................................3.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....3.4
Benin..................................3.4
Croatia................................3.3
Poland ................................3.3
Mozambique ......................3.2
Suriname............................3.2
Mexico ...............................3.2
Greece ...............................3.2
Lesotho ..............................3.2
Algeria ................................3.1
Slovak Republic..................3.1
Burundi...............................3.1
Romania .............................3.1
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.0
Japan..................................3.0
Ukraine...............................2.8
Argentina............................2.8
Bulgaria ..............................2.6
Venezuela...........................2.3
Zimbabwe ..........................1.8
SCORE
MEAN: 3.9
6.08
411
412
6.09
In your country, to what extent do tariff and non-tariff barriers limit the ability of imported goods to compete in the domestic market? (1 = strongly
limit; 7 = do not limit) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Jordan ................................4.6
China ..................................4.6
Algeria ................................4.6
Benin..................................4.6
Kuwait ................................4.5
Cameroon ..........................4.5
Uruguay..............................4.5
Korea, Rep. ........................4.5
Suriname............................4.5
Cte dIvoire ......................4.5
Tanzania..............................4.5
India ...................................4.4
Thailand..............................4.4
Panama ..............................4.4
Paraguay ............................4.3
Malaysia .............................4.3
Serbia .................................4.3
Libya...................................4.3
Senegal ..............................4.3
Barbados ............................4.3
Bangladesh ........................4.3
Uganda...............................4.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....4.3
Costa Rica ..........................4.2
Madagascar........................4.2
Switzerland ........................4.2
Bulgaria ..............................4.2
Japan..................................4.2
Cambodia ...........................4.2
Armenia..............................4.2
Philippines..........................4.2
Iceland................................4.2
Mongolia ............................4.1
Syria ...................................4.1
Morocco.............................4.1
Vietnam..............................4.1
Norway...............................4.1
Sri Lanka ............................4.1
Malawi ...............................4.1
Mozambique ......................4.0
Pakistan..............................4.0
Nigeria................................4.0
Ukraine...............................4.0
Lesotho ..............................3.9
Dominican Republic ...........3.9
Azerbaijan...........................3.9
Egypt..................................3.9
Ethiopia ..............................3.9
Kenya .................................3.9
Brazil ..................................3.9
Zimbabwe ..........................3.8
Nepal..................................3.8
Mali ....................................3.8
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.7
Kazakhstan .........................3.7
Tajikistan.............................3.7
Nicaragua ...........................3.6
Russian Federation ............3.6
Timor-Leste ........................3.6
Burundi...............................3.5
Colombia ............................3.5
Chad...................................3.4
Argentina............................3.3
Venezuela...........................3.2
Bolivia.................................3.1
Ecuador ..............................2.7
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
RANK
1
1
3
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
32
33
33
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
n/a
Malaysia ................................5.9
Kuwait ...................................6.0
Azerbaijan..............................6.0
Indonesia...............................6.1
Uruguay.................................6.1
South Africa ..........................6.1
Nicaragua ..............................6.1
Dominican Republic ..............6.2
Paraguay ...............................6.5
Honduras...............................6.5
Thailand .................................7.6
Ecuador .................................7.7
Kenya ....................................7.7
Mozambique .........................7.7
Benin .....................................7.8
Argentina...............................7.9
Suriname ...............................7.9
Mauritania .............................8.0
Korea, Rep. ...........................8.0
Tanzania.................................8.1
Sri Lanka ...............................8.2
Bolivia....................................8.3
Madagascar...........................8.3
Macedonia, FYR....................8.4
Namibia .................................8.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina .......8.5
Brazil .....................................8.6
Jamaica .................................8.9
Australia ................................9.3
Mexico ..................................9.8
Mali .......................................9.8
Burkina Faso .........................9.8
Senegal .................................9.8
Colombia .............................10.2
Ghana ..................................10.4
Cte dIvoire........................10.5
India ....................................10.9
Pakistan...............................11.4
Guyana ................................11.4
Cambodia ............................11.5
Malawi ................................11.5
Burundi................................11.6
Kyrgyz Republic...................11.7
Ethiopia ...............................12.1
Uganda ................................12.2
Jordan .................................12.2
Morocco ..............................12.2
Nigeria .................................12.7
Nepal ...................................12.8
Zimbabwe ...........................13.0
Bangladesh .........................13.0
Armenia...............................13.6
China ...................................13.9
Cameroon ...........................14.1
Zambia ................................14.1
Barbados .............................14.6
Chad ....................................14.7
Russian Federation .............14.9
Vietnam ...............................14.9
Venezuela ............................15.2
Algeria .................................15.6
Gambia, The........................16.2
Tunisia .................................16.8
Egypt ...................................22.2
Syria ....................................22.9
Timor-Leste ...........................n/a
HARD DATA
6.10
413
414
6.11
How prevalent is foreign ownership of companies in your country? (1 = very rare; 7 = highly prevalent) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.9
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Malaysia .............................5.0
Malawi ...............................5.0
Israel ..................................5.0
Brazil ..................................4.9
Cyprus................................4.9
Sri Lanka ............................4.9
Lesotho ..............................4.9
Turkey.................................4.9
Portugal..............................4.9
Cambodia ...........................4.9
Nigeria................................4.9
Greece ...............................4.9
Thailand..............................4.8
Tanzania..............................4.8
Mongolia ............................4.8
Romania .............................4.8
Oman .................................4.7
Lithuania.............................4.7
Morocco.............................4.6
Mozambique ......................4.6
Nicaragua ...........................4.6
Colombia ............................4.6
Benin..................................4.6
Madagascar........................4.5
Bulgaria ..............................4.5
Japan..................................4.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....4.4
Armenia..............................4.4
Albania ...............................4.4
Croatia................................4.4
China ..................................4.4
Bangladesh ........................4.3
Serbia .................................4.3
Pakistan..............................4.3
Philippines..........................4.3
Paraguay ............................4.3
Slovenia..............................4.3
Timor-Leste ........................4.3
Saudi Arabia .......................4.2
Vietnam..............................4.2
Brunei Darussalam.............4.2
Burkina Faso ......................4.2
Guyana ...............................4.2
Kazakhstan .........................4.1
Italy ....................................4.1
Kyrgyz Republic .................4.0
Macedonia, FYR.................4.0
Tajikistan.............................3.9
Suriname............................3.9
Mali ....................................3.8
Ecuador ..............................3.8
Mauritania ..........................3.8
Russian Federation ............3.7
Ethiopia ..............................3.7
Zimbabwe ..........................3.6
Burundi...............................3.6
Venezuela...........................3.6
Ukraine...............................3.6
Iceland................................3.5
Libya...................................3.5
Chad...................................3.3
Nepal..................................3.2
Bolivia.................................3.2
Kuwait ................................3.2
Syria ...................................3.2
Algeria ................................3.1
SCORE
MEAN: 4.9
To what extent do rules governing foreign direct investment (FDI) encourage or discourage it? (1 = strongly discourage FDI; 7 = strongly
encourage FDI) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.8
Singapore ...........................6.7
Ireland ................................6.6
Hong Kong SAR .................6.5
Luxembourg.......................6.1
Slovak Republic..................6.0
Mauritius ............................6.0
Tunisia ................................5.9
Bahrain ...............................5.9
Gambia, The.......................5.8
Malta ..................................5.8
Uganda...............................5.8
Czech Republic ..................5.8
Qatar ..................................5.7
Sweden..............................5.7
Chile ...................................5.7
Estonia ...............................5.7
United Kingdom .................5.6
Montenegro .......................5.6
United Arab Emirates.........5.6
Costa Rica ..........................5.6
Peru....................................5.6
Panama ..............................5.6
China ..................................5.6
Uruguay..............................5.5
Zambia ...............................5.5
Belgium..............................5.5
Vietnam..............................5.5
Botswana ...........................5.5
Sri Lanka ............................5.5
Switzerland ........................5.5
Finland................................5.5
Barbados ............................5.5
Netherlands........................5.4
Puerto Rico ........................5.4
Jamaica ..............................5.4
Cyprus................................5.4
Jordan ................................5.4
Georgia...............................5.4
Taiwan, China.....................5.4
El Salvador .........................5.4
Indonesia............................5.3
Portugal..............................5.3
Malaysia .............................5.3
Thailand..............................5.3
India ...................................5.3
Bangladesh ........................5.2
Cambodia ...........................5.2
Austria................................5.2
Ghana.................................5.1
Trinidad and Tobago ...........5.1
Canada ...............................5.1
Oman .................................5.1
Turkey.................................5.1
Namibia ..............................5.1
Australia .............................5.1
Hungary..............................5.1
Mexico ...............................5.1
Denmark ............................5.0
Tanzania..............................5.0
Cte dIvoire ......................5.0
New Zealand ......................5.0
Dominican Republic ...........5.0
Egypt..................................5.0
Azerbaijan...........................5.0
Korea, Rep. ........................4.9
France ................................4.9
Pakistan..............................4.9
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
SCORE
MEAN: 4.8
6.12
415
416
6.13
How would you rate the level of efficiency of customs procedures (related to the entry and exit of merchandise) in your country? (1 = extremely
inefficient; 7 = extremely efficient) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
Singapore ...........................6.4
Hong Kong SAR .................6.1
United Arab Emirates.........5.9
New Zealand ......................5.9
Chile ...................................5.8
Sweden..............................5.8
Denmark ............................5.8
Luxembourg.......................5.8
Finland................................5.7
Estonia ...............................5.5
Slovenia..............................5.4
Bahrain ...............................5.3
Austria................................5.3
Iceland................................5.2
Netherlands........................5.2
Norway...............................5.2
Ireland ................................5.1
Cyprus................................5.1
Switzerland ........................5.1
Gambia, The.......................5.1
Germany ............................5.1
Oman .................................5.1
Taiwan, China.....................5.0
Australia .............................4.9
Portugal..............................4.9
Lithuania.............................4.8
Malta ..................................4.8
Malaysia .............................4.8
France ................................4.8
Saudi Arabia .......................4.8
Canada ...............................4.7
Puerto Rico ........................4.7
Slovak Republic..................4.7
Jordan ................................4.6
United Kingdom .................4.6
Brunei Darussalam.............4.6
Mauritius ............................4.6
Belgium..............................4.6
United States .....................4.6
Georgia...............................4.6
China ..................................4.6
Korea, Rep. ........................4.6
Czech Republic ..................4.6
Qatar ..................................4.5
Dominican Republic ...........4.5
Senegal ..............................4.4
Botswana ...........................4.4
Spain ..................................4.4
Japan..................................4.4
Panama ..............................4.3
South Africa .......................4.3
Hungary..............................4.3
Guatemala..........................4.2
Namibia ..............................4.2
Tunisia ................................4.2
Morocco.............................4.1
Latvia..................................4.1
El Salvador .........................4.1
Romania .............................4.1
Thailand..............................4.1
Greece ...............................4.1
Macedonia, FYR.................4.0
Honduras............................4.0
Mauritania ..........................4.0
Montenegro .......................4.0
Italy ....................................4.0
Israel ..................................4.0
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Egypt..................................4.0
Poland ................................3.9
Costa Rica ..........................3.9
India ...................................3.9
Azerbaijan...........................3.9
Barbados ............................3.9
Uruguay..............................3.8
Croatia................................3.8
Peru....................................3.8
Colombia ............................3.8
Nicaragua ...........................3.8
Lesotho ..............................3.8
Burkina Faso ......................3.8
Zambia ...............................3.8
Malawi ...............................3.7
Indonesia............................3.7
Mali ....................................3.7
Sri Lanka ............................3.7
Mexico ...............................3.7
Paraguay ............................3.6
Bulgaria ..............................3.6
Pakistan..............................3.6
Madagascar........................3.6
Vietnam..............................3.6
Albania ...............................3.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....3.5
Kuwait ................................3.5
Libya...................................3.5
Ghana.................................3.4
Benin..................................3.4
Turkey.................................3.4
Uganda...............................3.4
Jamaica ..............................3.4
Serbia .................................3.3
Cambodia ...........................3.3
Cte dIvoire ......................3.3
Kenya .................................3.3
Ethiopia ..............................3.3
Kazakhstan .........................3.3
Cameroon ..........................3.2
Tajikistan.............................3.2
Mongolia ............................3.1
Mozambique ......................3.1
Nepal..................................3.1
Ecuador ..............................3.1
Nigeria................................3.1
Burundi...............................3.0
Ukraine...............................3.0
Zimbabwe ..........................3.0
Philippines..........................3.0
Timor-Leste ........................3.0
Tanzania..............................3.0
Syria ...................................2.9
Brazil ..................................2.9
Suriname............................2.9
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.8
Argentina............................2.8
Bolivia.................................2.8
Guyana ...............................2.8
Trinidad and Tobago ...........2.8
Bangladesh ........................2.8
Algeria ................................2.7
Russian Federation ............2.7
Armenia..............................2.7
Chad...................................2.3
Venezuela...........................1.8
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
How well do companies in your country treat customers? (1 = generally treat their customers badly; 7 = are highly responsive to customers and
customer retention) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
Japan..................................6.3
Austria................................6.1
Switzerland ........................6.0
Hong Kong SAR .................5.8
Sweden..............................5.8
Denmark ............................5.7
Taiwan, China.....................5.7
United Arab Emirates.........5.7
United States .....................5.7
Singapore ...........................5.6
Germany ............................5.6
Iceland................................5.6
Belgium..............................5.5
Norway...............................5.5
Korea, Rep. ........................5.5
New Zealand ......................5.5
Australia .............................5.5
Canada ...............................5.5
Senegal ..............................5.4
Netherlands........................5.4
Luxembourg.......................5.3
Ireland ................................5.3
Thailand..............................5.3
Lithuania.............................5.3
Bahrain ...............................5.2
Malaysia .............................5.2
Finland................................5.2
Qatar ..................................5.2
Cyprus................................5.2
Colombia ............................5.2
France ................................5.2
Sri Lanka ............................5.2
Slovenia..............................5.1
Estonia ...............................5.1
Philippines..........................5.1
El Salvador .........................5.1
Saudi Arabia .......................5.1
Guatemala..........................5.0
Kenya .................................5.0
United Kingdom .................5.0
Mauritius ............................5.0
Oman .................................5.0
Egypt..................................4.9
Gambia, The.......................4.9
Costa Rica ..........................4.9
Morocco.............................4.9
Chile ...................................4.9
Tunisia ................................4.9
Czech Republic ..................4.9
Brazil ..................................4.9
Spain ..................................4.8
Peru....................................4.8
Jordan ................................4.8
Indonesia............................4.8
Poland ................................4.8
Israel ..................................4.8
India ...................................4.8
Turkey.................................4.8
Kuwait ................................4.7
Brunei Darussalam.............4.7
Puerto Rico ........................4.7
Italy ....................................4.7
Nigeria................................4.6
Mexico ...............................4.6
Portugal..............................4.6
Slovak Republic..................4.6
Madagascar........................4.6
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Uruguay..............................4.6
Cambodia ...........................4.5
Azerbaijan...........................4.5
China ..................................4.5
Malawi ...............................4.5
Kazakhstan .........................4.5
Latvia..................................4.5
Greece ...............................4.5
Barbados ............................4.4
Ukraine...............................4.4
Syria ...................................4.4
Dominican Republic ...........4.4
Vietnam..............................4.4
South Africa .......................4.4
Malta ..................................4.4
Montenegro .......................4.4
Zambia ...............................4.3
Guyana ...............................4.3
Croatia................................4.3
Paraguay ............................4.3
Tanzania..............................4.3
Romania .............................4.3
Panama ..............................4.3
Honduras............................4.3
Bulgaria ..............................4.3
Mauritania ..........................4.2
Macedonia, FYR.................4.2
Pakistan..............................4.2
Serbia .................................4.2
Bangladesh ........................4.2
Burundi...............................4.2
Albania ...............................4.2
Uganda...............................4.2
Burkina Faso ......................4.2
Tajikistan.............................4.2
Ethiopia ..............................4.1
Mali ....................................4.1
Cameroon ..........................4.1
Cte dIvoire ......................4.1
Jamaica ..............................4.1
Hungary..............................4.0
Argentina............................4.0
Suriname............................4.0
Nepal..................................4.0
Russian Federation ............3.9
Benin..................................3.9
Namibia ..............................3.9
Lesotho ..............................3.9
Ghana.................................3.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....3.8
Nicaragua ...........................3.8
Georgia...............................3.8
Libya...................................3.8
Botswana ...........................3.8
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.7
Mozambique ......................3.7
Armenia..............................3.6
Timor-Leste ........................3.5
Ecuador ..............................3.5
Mongolia ............................3.5
Zimbabwe ..........................3.5
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.5
Chad...................................3.4
Algeria ................................3.4
Venezuela...........................3.4
Bolivia.................................3.2
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
6.14
417
418
6.15
Buyer sophistication
In your country, how do buyers make purchasing decisions? (1 = based solely on the lowest price; 7 = based on a sophisticated analysis of
performance attributes) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.6
Japan..................................5.3
Switzerland ........................5.2
Sweden..............................5.1
Taiwan, China.....................4.9
Luxembourg.......................4.9
Singapore ...........................4.9
Hong Kong SAR .................4.9
Denmark ............................4.7
United States .....................4.7
United Kingdom .................4.7
Netherlands........................4.7
Australia .............................4.7
China ..................................4.7
Canada ...............................4.6
Korea, Rep. ........................4.6
Belgium..............................4.6
Norway...............................4.6
Finland................................4.5
Austria................................4.5
Cyprus................................4.5
France ................................4.4
Germany ............................4.4
South Africa .......................4.4
Ireland ................................4.4
Malaysia .............................4.3
Chile ...................................4.2
Iceland................................4.2
United Arab Emirates.........4.2
New Zealand ......................4.2
Indonesia............................4.2
Czech Republic ..................4.1
Sri Lanka ............................4.0
India ...................................4.0
Bahrain ...............................4.0
Spain ..................................4.0
Saudi Arabia .......................4.0
Barbados ............................4.0
Puerto Rico ........................4.0
Costa Rica ..........................3.9
Italy ....................................3.9
Poland ................................3.9
Argentina............................3.8
Vietnam..............................3.8
Panama ..............................3.8
Azerbaijan...........................3.8
Thailand..............................3.8
Romania .............................3.8
Slovenia..............................3.8
Tunisia ................................3.8
Greece ...............................3.7
Jamaica ..............................3.7
Oman .................................3.7
Peru....................................3.7
Montenegro .......................3.6
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.6
Qatar ..................................3.6
Brazil ..................................3.6
Cambodia ...........................3.6
Malta ..................................3.6
Russian Federation ............3.6
Mauritius ............................3.6
Mexico ...............................3.6
Estonia ...............................3.6
Namibia ..............................3.6
Guatemala..........................3.5
Jordan ................................3.5
Uruguay..............................3.5
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Portugal..............................3.5
Nigeria................................3.5
Colombia ............................3.5
Ukraine...............................3.5
Honduras............................3.5
Philippines..........................3.4
Israel ..................................3.4
Slovak Republic..................3.4
Pakistan..............................3.4
El Salvador .........................3.4
Kuwait ................................3.4
Kazakhstan .........................3.4
Botswana ...........................3.4
Morocco.............................3.4
Bulgaria ..............................3.3
Armenia..............................3.3
Latvia..................................3.3
Nicaragua ...........................3.2
Dominican Republic ...........3.2
Lithuania.............................3.2
Lesotho ..............................3.2
Croatia................................3.2
Georgia...............................3.2
Venezuela...........................3.2
Bangladesh ........................3.2
Hungary..............................3.1
Zambia ...............................3.1
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.1
Tajikistan.............................3.1
Turkey.................................3.1
Ecuador ..............................3.0
Suriname............................3.0
Mongolia ............................3.0
Brunei Darussalam.............3.0
Kenya .................................3.0
Albania ...............................3.0
Macedonia, FYR.................3.0
Benin..................................2.9
Egypt..................................2.9
Gambia, The.......................2.9
Zimbabwe ..........................2.8
Libya...................................2.8
Ethiopia ..............................2.8
Serbia .................................2.8
Tanzania..............................2.8
Ghana.................................2.8
Guyana ...............................2.8
Nepal..................................2.8
Syria ...................................2.7
Paraguay ............................2.7
Algeria ................................2.6
Mozambique ......................2.6
Malawi ...............................2.6
Bolivia.................................2.5
Burkina Faso ......................2.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.5
Madagascar........................2.5
Mauritania ..........................2.5
Cameroon ..........................2.4
Uganda...............................2.4
Timor-Leste ........................2.4
Cte dIvoire ......................2.4
Mali ....................................2.3
Senegal ..............................2.3
Chad...................................2.2
Burundi...............................2.1
SCORE
MEAN: 3.6
Data Tables
Section VII
Labor market efficiency
419
420
7.01
How would you characterize labor-employer relations in your country? (1 = generally confrontational; 7 = generally cooperative) | 20082009
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.5
Singapore ...........................6.3
Switzerland ........................6.1
Denmark ............................6.0
Sweden..............................5.9
Austria................................5.8
Norway...............................5.7
Iceland................................5.7
Hong Kong SAR .................5.7
Netherlands........................5.7
Japan..................................5.7
Costa Rica ..........................5.5
Luxembourg.......................5.4
Gambia, The.......................5.4
Oman .................................5.3
New Zealand ......................5.3
Brunei Darussalam.............5.3
Taiwan, China.....................5.3
Finland................................5.3
Malaysia .............................5.3
United Arab Emirates.........5.3
Cyprus................................5.2
Qatar ..................................5.2
Ireland ................................5.1
Germany ............................5.0
United Kingdom .................5.0
United States .....................5.0
El Salvador .........................5.0
Thailand..............................5.0
Tunisia ................................5.0
Guatemala..........................4.9
Canada ...............................4.9
Saudi Arabia .......................4.9
Israel ..................................4.9
Barbados ............................4.9
Dominican Republic ...........4.9
Slovak Republic..................4.9
Azerbaijan...........................4.8
Mauritius ............................4.7
Estonia ...............................4.7
India ...................................4.7
Malta ..................................4.7
Indonesia............................4.7
Australia .............................4.7
Botswana ...........................4.6
Armenia..............................4.6
Egypt..................................4.6
Czech Republic ..................4.6
Colombia ............................4.6
Vietnam..............................4.6
Malawi ...............................4.6
Kuwait ................................4.6
Chile ...................................4.6
Senegal ..............................4.5
Georgia...............................4.5
Peru....................................4.5
Albania ...............................4.5
Lithuania.............................4.5
Mauritania ..........................4.5
Nicaragua ...........................4.5
China ..................................4.5
Kenya .................................4.5
Slovenia..............................4.4
Mali ....................................4.4
Latvia..................................4.4
Philippines..........................4.4
Jordan ................................4.4
Cte dIvoire ......................4.4
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Panama ..............................4.4
Benin..................................4.4
Uganda...............................4.4
Honduras............................4.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....4.4
Belgium..............................4.3
Sri Lanka ............................4.3
Mexico ...............................4.3
Kazakhstan .........................4.3
Zambia ...............................4.3
Ghana.................................4.3
Portugal..............................4.3
Guyana ...............................4.3
Puerto Rico ........................4.3
Tajikistan.............................4.2
Hungary..............................4.2
Lesotho ..............................4.2
Bahrain ...............................4.2
Spain ..................................4.2
Brazil ..................................4.2
Madagascar........................4.2
Burkina Faso ......................4.2
Syria ...................................4.2
Montenegro .......................4.2
Nigeria................................4.2
Ukraine...............................4.1
Kyrgyz Republic .................4.1
Poland ................................4.1
Zimbabwe ..........................4.1
Russian Federation ............4.1
Libya...................................4.1
Pakistan..............................4.0
Mongolia ............................4.0
Macedonia, FYR.................4.0
Paraguay ............................4.0
Mozambique ......................4.0
Bangladesh ........................4.0
Cambodia ...........................4.0
Jamaica ..............................3.9
Morocco.............................3.9
Tanzania..............................3.9
Cameroon ..........................3.9
Timor-Leste ........................3.9
Ethiopia ..............................3.9
Bulgaria ..............................3.8
Serbia .................................3.8
Romania .............................3.8
Turkey.................................3.8
Burundi...............................3.8
Ecuador ..............................3.7
Argentina............................3.6
Suriname............................3.6
Greece ...............................3.6
South Africa .......................3.6
Namibia ..............................3.5
Italy ....................................3.5
Croatia................................3.5
Algeria ................................3.5
France ................................3.5
Bolivia.................................3.4
Uruguay..............................3.3
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.3
Chad...................................3.3
Korea, Rep. ........................3.2
Nepal..................................3.1
Venezuela...........................2.9
SCORE
MEAN: 4.5
How are wages generally set in your country? (1 = by a centralized bargaining process; 7 = up to each individual company) | 20082009 weighted
average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.9
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Guyana ...............................5.1
Turkey.................................5.1
Costa Rica ..........................5.1
Montenegro .......................5.1
Morocco.............................5.1
Nicaragua ...........................5.1
Ethiopia ..............................5.1
Cambodia ...........................5.0
Paraguay ............................5.0
Panama ..............................5.0
Sri Lanka ............................5.0
Vietnam..............................5.0
Kenya .................................5.0
Namibia ..............................4.9
Zambia ...............................4.9
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.8
Romania .............................4.8
Bangladesh ........................4.8
Burkina Faso ......................4.8
France ................................4.8
Mexico ...............................4.8
Thailand..............................4.8
Australia .............................4.8
Honduras............................4.7
Indonesia............................4.7
Pakistan..............................4.7
Barbados ............................4.7
Iceland................................4.7
Philippines..........................4.6
Nepal..................................4.5
Senegal ..............................4.5
Cyprus................................4.5
Luxembourg.......................4.5
Timor-Leste ........................4.4
Slovenia..............................4.4
Bolivia.................................4.4
Denmark ............................4.4
Mauritius ............................4.4
Portugal..............................4.4
Botswana ...........................4.3
Ecuador ..............................4.3
Mali ....................................4.3
Brazil ..................................4.2
Libya...................................4.2
Ghana.................................4.2
Mozambique ......................4.1
Tanzania..............................4.0
Spain ..................................4.0
Lesotho ..............................4.0
Algeria ................................3.9
Tunisia ................................3.9
Belgium..............................3.8
Norway...............................3.8
Venezuela...........................3.7
Netherlands........................3.5
South Africa .......................3.3
Sweden..............................3.3
Finland................................3.2
Italy ....................................3.2
Ireland ................................3.2
Greece ...............................3.1
Argentina............................3.1
Germany ............................2.9
Zimbabwe ..........................2.8
Uruguay..............................2.4
Austria................................2.3
SCORE
MEAN: 4.9
7.02
421
422
7.03
RANK
1
1
1
4
4
4
7
7
9
9
9
9
9
14
14
16
16
16
19
20
20
20
20
24
25
25
25
28
28
28
31
31
31
31
35
35
35
35
35
35
41
41
43
43
43
43
43
43
49
49
49
49
53
54
54
54
54
58
58
58
61
61
63
63
63
63
63
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
68
68
68
72
73
73
75
75
75
75
75
75
81
82
82
84
84
84
87
87
89
89
89
92
92
92
92
96
96
96
96
100
100
102
102
102
102
102
102
108
108
110
111
111
111
114
114
116
116
118
119
119
121
122
122
124
124
124
127
128
128
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Albania ...................................35
Argentina................................35
Bangladesh ............................35
Philippines ..............................35
Slovak Republic......................36
Ghana .....................................37
Poland ....................................37
Cte dIvoire...........................38
Italy ........................................38
Kyrgyz Republic......................38
Mali ........................................38
Montenegro ...........................38
Turkey.....................................38
Serbia .....................................39
Benin ......................................40
Indonesia................................40
Nepal ......................................42
Netherlands............................42
South Africa ...........................42
Latvia......................................43
Pakistan..................................43
Germany ................................44
Russian Federation ................44
Sweden ..................................44
Cambodia ...............................45
Korea, Rep. ............................45
Mauritania ..............................45
Ukraine ...................................45
Bosnia and Herzegovina ........46
Brazil ......................................46
Cameroon ..............................46
Chad .......................................46
Macedonia, FYR.....................47
Norway...................................47
Algeria ....................................48
Finland....................................48
Lithuania.................................48
Mexico ...................................48
Peru........................................48
Portugal ..................................48
Mozambique ..........................49
Tunisia ....................................49
Croatia ....................................50
Ecuador ..................................51
Greece ...................................51
Tajikistan.................................51
Honduras................................53
Taiwan, China .........................53
France ....................................56
Spain ......................................56
Estonia ...................................58
Paraguay ................................59
Slovenia..................................59
Senegal ..................................61
Luxembourg ...........................62
Romania .................................62
Madagascar............................63
Morocco .................................63
Tanzania..................................63
Panama ..................................66
Bolivia.....................................79
Venezuela ...............................79
Barbados ...............................n/a
Cyprus ...................................n/a
Libya ......................................n/a
Malta .....................................n/a
HARD DATA
How would you characterize the hiring and firing of workers in your country? (1 = impeded by regulations; 7 = flexibly determined by
employers) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.9
Singapore ...........................5.9
Denmark ............................5.9
Hong Kong SAR .................5.8
Switzerland ........................5.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....5.5
Iceland................................5.4
Georgia...............................5.4
United States .....................5.4
Nigeria................................5.4
Uganda...............................5.2
Azerbaijan...........................5.1
Kazakhstan .........................5.0
Qatar ..................................5.0
United Arab Emirates.........4.9
Gambia, The.......................4.8
Taiwan, China.....................4.8
Ukraine...............................4.7
El Salvador .........................4.7
Mongolia ............................4.7
Albania ...............................4.7
Canada ...............................4.6
Armenia..............................4.6
Kenya .................................4.6
Vietnam..............................4.6
Bangladesh ........................4.6
Kyrgyz Republic .................4.6
Guyana ...............................4.5
Costa Rica ..........................4.5
Thailand..............................4.4
Zambia ...............................4.4
Turkey.................................4.4
Tajikistan.............................4.4
Mali ....................................4.3
Indonesia............................4.3
Nicaragua ...........................4.3
Cambodia ...........................4.3
Madagascar........................4.3
Pakistan..............................4.3
Bulgaria ..............................4.3
Oman .................................4.2
Cameroon ..........................4.2
Mauritania ..........................4.2
Russian Federation ............4.2
Benin..................................4.2
Israel ..................................4.2
Malaysia .............................4.2
Guatemala..........................4.2
Serbia .................................4.1
Montenegro .......................4.1
United Kingdom .................4.1
Romania .............................4.1
Latvia..................................4.1
Burkina Faso ......................4.1
Kuwait ................................4.1
Senegal ..............................4.1
Jamaica ..............................4.1
Saudi Arabia .......................4.1
Cte dIvoire ......................4.1
Macedonia, FYR.................4.1
Dominican Republic ...........4.0
Ethiopia ..............................4.0
Australia .............................4.0
Malawi ...............................4.0
Cyprus................................4.0
Hungary..............................3.9
Tunisia ................................3.9
Lesotho ..............................3.9
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Botswana ...........................3.9
Morocco.............................3.9
Barbados ............................3.8
Chad...................................3.8
Egypt..................................3.8
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.8
Ireland ................................3.8
Ghana.................................3.8
Croatia................................3.8
China ..................................3.8
Brunei Darussalam.............3.7
Colombia ............................3.7
Finland................................3.7
Lithuania.............................3.7
Slovak Republic..................3.6
Honduras............................3.6
Sri Lanka ............................3.6
Bahrain ...............................3.6
Estonia ...............................3.6
Mauritius ............................3.5
Burundi...............................3.5
Timor-Leste ........................3.5
New Zealand ......................3.5
Tanzania..............................3.5
Peru....................................3.5
Poland ................................3.4
Jordan ................................3.4
Mozambique ......................3.4
Paraguay ............................3.4
Malta ..................................3.3
Chile ...................................3.3
Puerto Rico ........................3.3
Austria................................3.3
Nepal..................................3.3
Sweden..............................3.2
India ...................................3.2
Czech Republic ..................3.2
Algeria ................................3.2
Mexico ...............................3.2
Syria ...................................3.2
Korea, Rep. ........................3.1
Panama ..............................3.1
Philippines..........................3.1
Luxembourg.......................3.1
Slovenia..............................3.0
Greece ...............................3.0
Netherlands........................3.0
Belgium..............................3.0
Japan..................................3.0
Norway...............................2.9
Brazil ..................................2.9
France ................................2.8
Uruguay..............................2.8
Argentina............................2.7
Spain ..................................2.7
Zimbabwe ..........................2.7
Libya...................................2.6
South Africa .......................2.5
Germany ............................2.5
Bolivia.................................2.5
Italy ....................................2.5
Portugal..............................2.5
Suriname............................2.4
Ecuador ..............................2.4
Namibia ..............................2.4
Venezuela...........................2.1
SCORE
MEAN: 3.9
7.04
423
424
7.05
RANK
1
1
1
1
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
14
15
15
15
18
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
27
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
35
36
36
36
36
40
40
40
40
40
45
46
46
46
46
46
46
52
53
53
55
55
55
55
59
60
61
62
62
62
62
66
66
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Denmark ..................................0
New Zealand ............................0
Puerto Rico ..............................0
United States ...........................0
Austria ......................................2
Australia ...................................4
Bahrain .....................................4
Brunei Darussalam...................4
Georgia.....................................4
Japan........................................4
Jordan ......................................4
Oman .......................................4
Singapore .................................4
Romania ...................................8
Bulgaria ....................................9
Kazakhstan ...............................9
Mongolia ..................................9
Italy ........................................11
Armenia..................................13
Iceland....................................13
Norway...................................13
Poland ....................................13
Slovak Republic......................13
Switzerland ............................13
Uganda ...................................13
Ukraine ...................................13
Belgium ..................................16
Algeria ....................................17
Kyrgyz Republic......................17
Latvia......................................17
Netherlands............................17
Russian Federation ................17
Timor-Leste ............................17
Tunisia ....................................17
Tanzania..................................18
Azerbaijan...............................22
Czech Republic ......................22
Tajikistan.................................22
United Kingdom .....................22
Greece ...................................24
Ireland ....................................24
Namibia ..................................24
Nicaragua ...............................24
South Africa ...........................24
Serbia .....................................25
Burundi...................................26
Finland....................................26
Gambia, The...........................26
Macedonia, FYR.....................26
Suriname ................................26
Sweden ..................................26
Canada ...................................28
Lithuania.................................30
Madagascar............................30
Bosnia and Herzegovina ........31
Mali ........................................31
Mauritania ..............................31
Uruguay..................................31
France ....................................32
Cameroon ..............................33
Burkina Faso ..........................34
Costa Rica ..............................35
Estonia ...................................35
Hungary..................................35
Mauritius ................................35
Benin ......................................36
Chad .......................................36
68
68
70
71
71
71
71
75
76
76
78
79
80
81
81
81
84
85
85
85
85
89
90
90
92
93
93
95
96
97
98
98
100
100
102
103
104
105
106
106
106
109
109
109
109
109
114
114
114
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
125
127
128
128
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Brazil ......................................37
Slovenia..................................37
Senegal ..................................38
Cambodia ...............................39
Croatia ....................................39
Luxembourg ...........................39
Montenegro ...........................39
Ethiopia ..................................40
Lesotho ..................................44
Panama ..................................44
Kenya .....................................47
Cte dIvoire...........................49
Nigeria ....................................50
Chile .......................................52
Mexico ...................................52
Peru........................................52
Thailand ..................................54
Albania ...................................56
Guyana ...................................56
India .......................................56
Spain ......................................56
Colombia ................................59
Hong Kong SAR .....................62
Jamaica ..................................62
Trinidad and Tobago ...............67
Germany ................................69
Qatar ......................................69
Honduras................................74
Malaysia .................................75
Kuwait ....................................78
Saudi Arabia ...........................80
Syria .......................................80
Malawi ...................................84
United Arab Emirates.............84
Morocco .................................85
El Salvador .............................86
Vietnam ..................................87
Dominican Republic ...............88
Botswana ...............................90
Nepal ......................................90
Pakistan..................................90
China ......................................91
Israel ......................................91
Korea, Rep. ............................91
Philippines ..............................91
Taiwan, China .........................91
Argentina................................95
Portugal ..................................95
Turkey.....................................95
Guatemala ............................101
Bangladesh ..........................104
Indonesia..............................108
Paraguay ..............................113
Egypt ....................................132
Mozambique ........................134
Ecuador ................................135
Sri Lanka ..............................169
Ghana ...................................178
Zambia .................................178
Zimbabwe ............................446
Bolivia .....................not possible
Venezuela ...............not possible
Barbados ...............................n/a
Cyprus ...................................n/a
Libya ......................................n/a
Malta .....................................n/a
HARD DATA
To what extent is pay in your country related to productivity? (1 = not related to worker productivity; 7 = strongly related to worker
productivity) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.0
Singapore ...........................5.7
Hong Kong SAR .................5.5
Taiwan, China.....................5.4
Qatar ..................................5.3
Switzerland ........................5.2
Vietnam..............................5.2
Slovak Republic..................5.1
United States .....................5.1
Malaysia .............................5.0
United Arab Emirates.........5.0
Estonia ...............................5.0
China ..................................4.9
Japan..................................4.9
Czech Republic ..................4.9
Tajikistan.............................4.8
Brunei Darussalam.............4.8
Azerbaijan...........................4.8
Lithuania.............................4.7
Albania ...............................4.7
Kazakhstan .........................4.7
Gambia, The.......................4.6
Ukraine...............................4.6
Denmark ............................4.6
United Kingdom .................4.6
Iceland................................4.6
Canada ...............................4.6
New Zealand ......................4.6
Korea, Rep. ........................4.5
Indonesia............................4.5
Bahrain ...............................4.5
Saudi Arabia .......................4.5
Oman .................................4.5
Australia .............................4.5
Chile ...................................4.5
Russian Federation ............4.5
Slovenia..............................4.4
Israel ..................................4.4
Thailand..............................4.4
Georgia...............................4.3
Kyrgyz Republic .................4.3
Kuwait ................................4.3
Romania .............................4.3
Latvia..................................4.2
Kenya .................................4.2
Bulgaria ..............................4.2
India ...................................4.2
Luxembourg.......................4.2
Puerto Rico ........................4.2
Costa Rica ..........................4.2
Cambodia ...........................4.2
Hungary..............................4.2
Armenia..............................4.2
Madagascar........................4.2
Germany ............................4.1
Malta ..................................4.1
Jordan ................................4.1
France ................................4.1
Panama ..............................4.1
Sri Lanka ............................4.1
Macedonia, FYR.................4.1
Mongolia ............................4.1
El Salvador .........................4.0
Montenegro .......................4.0
Poland ................................4.0
Tunisia ................................4.0
Serbia .................................4.0
Cyprus................................4.0
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Brazil ..................................4.0
Finland................................4.0
Norway...............................4.0
Sweden..............................4.0
Portugal..............................3.9
Mauritius ............................3.9
Philippines..........................3.9
Turkey.................................3.9
Austria................................3.9
Ireland ................................3.9
Guyana ...............................3.9
Dominican Republic ...........3.9
Nicaragua ...........................3.8
Morocco.............................3.8
Guatemala..........................3.8
Nigeria................................3.8
Netherlands........................3.8
Botswana ...........................3.8
Cte dIvoire ......................3.8
Belgium..............................3.7
Pakistan..............................3.7
Croatia................................3.6
Peru....................................3.6
Spain ..................................3.6
Bangladesh ........................3.6
Egypt..................................3.6
Barbados ............................3.6
Cameroon ..........................3.6
Benin..................................3.6
Syria ...................................3.5
Ethiopia ..............................3.5
Mexico ...............................3.5
Malawi ...............................3.5
Lesotho ..............................3.5
Senegal ..............................3.5
Zambia ...............................3.4
Mozambique ......................3.4
South Africa .......................3.4
Jamaica ..............................3.4
Tanzania..............................3.4
Honduras............................3.4
Suriname............................3.3
Colombia ............................3.3
Namibia ..............................3.3
Zimbabwe ..........................3.3
Mauritania ..........................3.2
Timor-Leste ........................3.2
Chad...................................3.2
Mali ....................................3.1
Ghana.................................3.1
Burkina Faso ......................3.1
Bolivia.................................3.1
Greece ...............................3.1
Paraguay ............................3.0
Uganda...............................3.0
Algeria ................................3.0
Italy ....................................2.9
Nepal..................................2.9
Argentina............................2.9
Trinidad and Tobago ...........2.9
Ecuador ..............................2.8
Venezuela...........................2.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.8
Uruguay..............................2.7
Burundi...............................2.7
Libya...................................2.4
SCORE
MEAN: 4.0
7.06
425
426
7.07
In your country, who holds senior management positions? (1 = usually relatives or friends without regard to merit; 7 = mostly professional
managers chosen for merit and qualifications) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.5
Sweden..............................6.5
New Zealand ......................6.3
Norway...............................6.2
Finland................................6.2
Denmark ............................6.1
Netherlands........................6.1
Australia .............................6.0
Singapore ...........................6.0
Canada ...............................6.0
Switzerland ........................5.9
United States .....................5.9
Ireland ................................5.8
United Kingdom .................5.7
Qatar ..................................5.7
Germany ............................5.7
Luxembourg.......................5.6
Iceland................................5.6
Austria................................5.6
Japan..................................5.6
Belgium..............................5.5
South Africa .......................5.5
Gambia, The.......................5.5
Chile ...................................5.4
Israel ..................................5.4
Zimbabwe ..........................5.4
Czech Republic ..................5.3
Estonia ...............................5.3
Puerto Rico ........................5.3
Malaysia .............................5.3
India ...................................5.3
France ................................5.2
Slovak Republic..................5.2
Taiwan, China.....................5.2
United Arab Emirates.........5.1
Brazil ..................................5.1
Namibia ..............................5.1
Barbados ............................5.0
Hong Kong SAR .................5.0
Spain ..................................5.0
Sri Lanka ............................4.9
Oman .................................4.9
Korea, Rep. ........................4.9
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.9
Botswana ...........................4.9
Poland ................................4.9
China ..................................4.9
Malawi ...............................4.9
Philippines..........................4.8
Costa Rica ..........................4.8
Tunisia ................................4.8
Zambia ...............................4.8
Ghana.................................4.7
Argentina............................4.7
Peru....................................4.7
Indonesia............................4.7
Jamaica ..............................4.7
Romania .............................4.7
Latvia..................................4.6
Kenya .................................4.6
Lithuania.............................4.6
Thailand..............................4.6
Slovenia..............................4.5
Guatemala..........................4.5
Nigeria................................4.5
Brunei Darussalam.............4.5
Panama ..............................4.4
Portugal..............................4.4
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Guyana ...............................4.4
Saudi Arabia .......................4.4
Malta ..................................4.4
Tanzania..............................4.4
Cyprus................................4.4
Mauritius ............................4.4
Madagascar........................4.3
El Salvador .........................4.3
Georgia...............................4.3
Russian Federation ............4.3
Jordan ................................4.2
Montenegro .......................4.2
Turkey.................................4.2
Colombia ............................4.2
Vietnam..............................4.2
Bahrain ...............................4.1
Cte dIvoire ......................4.1
Hungary..............................4.1
Croatia................................4.1
Mexico ...............................4.1
Venezuela...........................4.1
Uruguay..............................4.1
Albania ...............................4.0
Pakistan..............................4.0
Ukraine...............................4.0
Dominican Republic ...........4.0
Greece ...............................4.0
Azerbaijan...........................4.0
Lesotho ..............................3.9
Bangladesh ........................3.9
Kuwait ................................3.9
Honduras............................3.9
Kazakhstan .........................3.9
Uganda...............................3.8
Benin..................................3.8
Burkina Faso ......................3.8
Mozambique ......................3.8
Morocco.............................3.7
Egypt..................................3.7
Ethiopia ..............................3.7
Tajikistan.............................3.7
Cambodia ...........................3.7
Cameroon ..........................3.6
Suriname............................3.6
Senegal ..............................3.6
Macedonia, FYR.................3.6
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.6
Armenia..............................3.5
Nicaragua ...........................3.5
Timor-Leste ........................3.5
Serbia .................................3.5
Nepal..................................3.5
Italy ....................................3.5
Bulgaria ..............................3.4
Paraguay ............................3.3
Ecuador ..............................3.3
Syria ...................................3.3
Algeria ................................3.2
Mauritania ..........................3.2
Mali ....................................3.2
Mongolia ............................3.2
Bolivia.................................3.1
Libya...................................3.1
Burundi...............................3.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.8
Chad...................................2.5
SCORE
MEAN: 4.5
Brain drain
Does your country retain and attract talented people? (1 = no, the best and brightest normally leave to pursue opportunities in other countries;
7 = yes, there are many opportunities for talented people within the country) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.5
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
SCORE
MEAN: 3.5
7.08
427
428
7.09
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Mozambique .......................1.16
Ghana ..................................0.99
Burundi................................0.99
Tanzania...............................0.98
Mongolia .............................0.97
Malawi ................................0.96
Finland.................................0.96
Sweden ...............................0.95
Madagascar.........................0.94
Chad ....................................0.94
Iceland.................................0.94
Lithuania..............................0.94
Norway................................0.93
Vietnam ...............................0.92
Uganda ................................0.92
Denmark .............................0.92
Estonia ................................0.92
Lesotho ...............................0.91
Kazakhstan ..........................0.91
China ...................................0.91
Russian Federation .............0.91
Canada ................................0.90
Ethiopia ...............................0.89
Barbados .............................0.89
Latvia...................................0.88
Slovenia...............................0.88
Ukraine ................................0.88
Cambodia ............................0.88
Burkina Faso .......................0.88
Israel ...................................0.88
Azerbaijan............................0.87
Bulgaria ...............................0.87
France .................................0.87
Kenya ..................................0.86
Portugal ...............................0.86
Armenia...............................0.86
Paraguay .............................0.86
Switzerland .........................0.86
United States ......................0.85
United Kingdom ..................0.85
New Zealand .......................0.85
Netherlands.........................0.85
Germany .............................0.85
Tajikistan..............................0.85
Gambia, The........................0.85
Austria .................................0.84
Australia ..............................0.84
Bosnia and Herzegovina .....0.84
Colombia .............................0.84
Namibia ...............................0.83
Poland .................................0.83
Montenegro ........................0.83
Thailand ...............................0.82
Belgium ...............................0.82
Hungary...............................0.81
Czech Republic ...................0.81
Cyprus .................................0.81
Bolivia..................................0.81
Slovak Republic...................0.81
Romania ..............................0.81
South Africa ........................0.81
Taiwan, China1 ....................0.80
Dominican Republic ............0.80
Croatia .................................0.80
Luxembourg ........................0.79
Nepal ...................................0.79
Serbia1 ................................0.79
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Botswana ............................0.79
Brunei Darussalam..............0.78
Hong Kong SAR ..................0.77
Ireland .................................0.77
Jamaica ...............................0.77
Peru.....................................0.77
Mauritania ...........................0.77
Georgia................................0.76
Zimbabwe ...........................0.76
Uruguay...............................0.76
Brazil ...................................0.75
Zambia ................................0.75
Kyrgyz Republic...................0.74
Spain ...................................0.74
Trinidad and Tobago ............0.73
Albania ................................0.73
Singapore ............................0.73
Japan...................................0.72
Timor-Leste .........................0.71
Senegal ...............................0.71
Greece ................................0.71
Korea, Rep. .........................0.71
Italy .....................................0.70
Argentina.............................0.70
Cameroon ...........................0.70
Benin ...................................0.69
Puerto Rico .........................0.69
Bangladesh .........................0.69
Ecuador ...............................0.67
Macedonia, FYR..................0.66
Venezuela ............................0.65
Philippines ...........................0.62
Panama ...............................0.62
El Salvador ..........................0.61
Guyana ................................0.60
Suriname .............................0.59
Indonesia.............................0.58
Sri Lanka .............................0.58
Mali .....................................0.57
Malaysia ..............................0.57
Chile ....................................0.57
Mauritius .............................0.57
Costa Rica ...........................0.56
Nigeria .................................0.55
Guatemala ...........................0.54
Kuwait .................................0.54
Mexico ................................0.53
Malta ...................................0.51
Algeria .................................0.47
Cte dIvoire........................0.47
Qatar ...................................0.46
Honduras.............................0.46
Nicaragua ............................0.45
United Arab Emirates..........0.44
India ....................................0.42
Bahrain ................................0.41
Tunisia .................................0.38
Turkey..................................0.35
Oman ..................................0.34
Egypt ...................................0.34
Libya....................................0.34
Morocco ..............................0.32
Syria ....................................0.27
Pakistan...............................0.25
Saudi Arabia ........................0.24
Jordan .................................0.22
HARD DATA
SOURCE: International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM) 5th Edition (March 2009 update)
1 2008
Data Tables
Section VIII
Financial market sophistication
429
430
8.01
How would you assess the level of sophistication of financial markets in your country? (1 = poor by international standards; 7 = excellent by
international standards) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.3
Luxembourg.......................6.7
Switzerland ........................6.6
Canada ...............................6.4
Sweden..............................6.4
Hong Kong SAR .................6.4
South Africa .......................6.3
United Kingdom .................6.3
Singapore ...........................6.2
Netherlands........................6.2
France ................................6.2
United States .....................6.2
Australia .............................6.2
Brazil ..................................6.0
Finland................................6.0
Denmark ............................6.0
Norway...............................6.0
Germany ............................6.0
Austria................................5.9
Belgium..............................5.9
Chile ...................................5.9
Puerto Rico ........................5.7
Israel ..................................5.7
New Zealand ......................5.7
Spain ..................................5.6
Panama ..............................5.6
Portugal..............................5.6
Estonia ...............................5.5
Bahrain ...............................5.5
Ireland ................................5.5
United Arab Emirates.........5.4
Malaysia .............................5.4
India ...................................5.3
Thailand..............................5.1
Cyprus................................5.1
Malta ..................................5.1
Namibia ..............................5.0
Qatar ..................................5.0
El Salvador .........................5.0
Taiwan, China.....................5.0
Turkey.................................5.0
Slovak Republic..................5.0
Mauritius ............................4.9
Jamaica ..............................4.9
Japan..................................4.9
Czech Republic ..................4.8
Jordan ................................4.8
Barbados ............................4.8
Slovenia..............................4.7
Peru....................................4.7
Saudi Arabia .......................4.6
Oman .................................4.6
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.6
Mexico ...............................4.6
Kuwait ................................4.5
Sri Lanka ............................4.5
Indonesia............................4.5
Korea, Rep. ........................4.5
Greece ...............................4.5
Montenegro .......................4.4
Morocco.............................4.4
Hungary..............................4.3
Colombia ............................4.3
Costa Rica ..........................4.3
Brunei Darussalam.............4.3
Iceland................................4.3
Latvia..................................4.3
Italy ....................................4.3
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Guatemala..........................4.2
Poland ................................4.2
Azerbaijan...........................4.2
Philippines..........................4.2
Tunisia ................................4.2
Croatia................................4.1
Nigeria................................4.1
Lithuania.............................4.1
Kenya .................................4.1
Honduras............................4.1
China ..................................4.0
Pakistan..............................4.0
Ghana.................................3.9
Gambia, The.......................3.9
Romania .............................3.9
Botswana ...........................3.9
Dominican Republic ...........3.8
Egypt..................................3.8
Ecuador ..............................3.8
Senegal ..............................3.7
Venezuela...........................3.7
Uruguay..............................3.7
Zimbabwe ..........................3.6
Zambia ...............................3.6
Russian Federation ............3.6
Macedonia, FYR.................3.6
Malawi ...............................3.6
Kazakhstan .........................3.5
Georgia...............................3.5
Argentina............................3.4
Vietnam..............................3.4
Cte dIvoire ......................3.4
Ukraine...............................3.4
Benin..................................3.3
Nicaragua ...........................3.2
Armenia..............................3.2
Suriname............................3.1
Mozambique ......................3.1
Lesotho ..............................3.1
Paraguay ............................3.1
Tanzania..............................3.1
Guyana ...............................3.0
Bulgaria ..............................3.0
Serbia .................................3.0
Bolivia.................................3.0
Burkina Faso ......................3.0
Nepal..................................2.9
Bangladesh ........................2.9
Uganda...............................2.9
Albania ...............................2.8
Mali ....................................2.8
Tajikistan.............................2.8
Cambodia ...........................2.8
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.6
Mauritania ..........................2.6
Mongolia ............................2.5
Madagascar........................2.4
Syria ...................................2.3
Algeria ................................2.3
Cameroon ..........................2.3
Chad...................................2.2
Ethiopia ..............................2.1
Libya...................................2.1
Timor-Leste ........................2.1
Burundi...............................2.1
SCORE
MEAN: 4.3
How easy is it to raise money by issuing shares on the stock market in your country? (1 = very difficult; 7 = very easy) | 20082009 weighted
average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.7
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Namibia ..............................3.9
Portugal..............................3.8
Spain ..................................3.8
Botswana ...........................3.8
Slovenia..............................3.8
Lithuania.............................3.8
Italy ....................................3.7
Tanzania..............................3.7
Croatia................................3.7
Colombia ............................3.6
Romania .............................3.6
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.5
Paraguay ............................3.5
Uganda...............................3.5
Serbia .................................3.5
Ireland ................................3.4
Macedonia, FYR.................3.4
Bulgaria ..............................3.4
Benin..................................3.4
Senegal ..............................3.3
Mexico ...............................3.3
Mongolia ............................3.3
Azerbaijan...........................3.2
Cameroon ..........................3.2
El Salvador .........................3.2
Slovak Republic..................3.1
Burkina Faso ......................3.1
Latvia..................................3.1
Russian Federation ............3.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....3.1
Costa Rica ..........................3.1
Kazakhstan .........................3.1
Hungary..............................3.0
Guyana ...............................3.0
Suriname............................2.9
Tajikistan.............................2.9
Nicaragua ...........................2.9
Gambia, The.......................2.9
Iceland................................2.8
Ukraine...............................2.8
Dominican Republic ...........2.8
Mali ....................................2.8
Mozambique ......................2.8
Venezuela...........................2.7
Armenia..............................2.7
Argentina............................2.7
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.6
Ecuador ..............................2.6
Bolivia.................................2.6
Brunei Darussalam.............2.6
Syria ...................................2.6
Algeria ................................2.5
Lesotho ..............................2.5
Guatemala..........................2.5
Burundi...............................2.4
Timor-Leste ........................2.4
Ethiopia ..............................2.4
Georgia...............................2.4
Honduras............................2.3
Chad...................................2.3
Libya...................................2.3
Madagascar........................2.2
Cambodia ...........................2.2
Mauritania ..........................2.1
Uruguay..............................2.1
Albania ...............................2.1
SCORE
MEAN: 3.7
8.02
431
432
8.03
How easy is it to obtain a bank loan in your country with only a good business plan and no collateral? (1 = very difficult; 7 = very
easy) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.1
Luxembourg.......................5.0
Qatar ..................................4.8
Finland................................4.7
Bahrain ...............................4.7
Singapore ...........................4.6
Norway...............................4.6
United Arab Emirates.........4.5
Hong Kong SAR .................4.4
Montenegro .......................4.4
Australia .............................4.4
Sweden..............................4.4
Denmark ............................4.3
Malaysia .............................4.3
Oman .................................4.3
Panama ..............................4.3
Netherlands........................4.2
Cyprus................................4.2
Saudi Arabia .......................4.2
New Zealand ......................4.0
Malta ..................................4.0
Indonesia............................4.0
Slovak Republic..................4.0
Taiwan, China.....................4.0
Belgium..............................3.9
Canada ...............................3.9
Mauritius ............................3.9
Chile ...................................3.9
Kenya .................................3.9
Slovenia..............................3.8
Kuwait ................................3.8
South Africa .......................3.7
Switzerland ........................3.7
United States .....................3.7
India ...................................3.6
Thailand..............................3.6
Estonia ...............................3.6
Czech Republic ..................3.5
Botswana ...........................3.5
Austria................................3.5
Puerto Rico ........................3.5
France ................................3.5
Brunei Darussalam.............3.5
Peru....................................3.4
Egypt..................................3.4
Jordan ................................3.4
Libya...................................3.3
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.3
Romania .............................3.3
Bulgaria ..............................3.3
United Kingdom .................3.2
Sri Lanka ............................3.2
Portugal..............................3.2
Pakistan..............................3.2
Japan..................................3.2
Israel ..................................3.1
Tunisia ................................3.1
Namibia ..............................3.1
Greece ...............................3.1
Morocco.............................3.1
Colombia ............................3.1
Poland ................................3.1
Brazil ..................................3.0
Costa Rica ..........................3.0
Ireland ................................3.0
Germany ............................3.0
Barbados ............................3.0
Gambia, The.......................3.0
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Tanzania..............................2.9
Vietnam..............................2.9
El Salvador .........................2.9
Spain ..................................2.9
Albania ...............................2.8
Lithuania.............................2.8
Guatemala..........................2.8
Turkey.................................2.8
Iceland................................2.8
Azerbaijan...........................2.8
Croatia................................2.8
Hungary..............................2.8
Korea, Rep. ........................2.8
Zambia ...............................2.7
Madagascar........................2.7
Uganda...............................2.7
Nepal..................................2.7
Mexico ...............................2.7
Kazakhstan .........................2.7
Ukraine...............................2.7
Philippines..........................2.7
China ..................................2.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.6
Tajikistan.............................2.6
Serbia .................................2.6
Lesotho ..............................2.6
Honduras............................2.6
Cambodia ...........................2.6
Georgia...............................2.6
Timor-Leste ........................2.6
Nicaragua ...........................2.6
Russian Federation ............2.6
Latvia..................................2.6
Uruguay..............................2.5
Syria ...................................2.5
Guyana ...............................2.4
Paraguay ............................2.4
Dominican Republic ...........2.4
Malawi ...............................2.4
Suriname............................2.4
Bangladesh ........................2.4
Venezuela...........................2.4
Ecuador ..............................2.4
Macedonia, FYR.................2.3
Algeria ................................2.3
Ethiopia ..............................2.3
Ghana.................................2.3
Benin..................................2.3
Mauritania ..........................2.3
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.3
Italy ....................................2.2
Armenia..............................2.2
Zimbabwe ..........................2.2
Jamaica ..............................2.2
Bolivia.................................2.1
Mozambique ......................2.1
Nigeria................................2.1
Cameroon ..........................2.1
Burundi...............................2.1
Chad...................................2.1
Argentina............................2.0
Senegal ..............................1.9
Mongolia ............................1.8
Mali ....................................1.8
Burkina Faso ......................1.7
Cte dIvoire ......................1.5
SCORE
MEAN: 3.1
In your country, how easy is it for entrepreneurs with innovative but risky projects to find venture capital? (1 = very difficult; 7 = very
easy) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 2.9
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Brazil ..................................2.7
Barbados ............................2.7
Trinidad and Tobago ...........2.7
Bulgaria ..............................2.7
Costa Rica ..........................2.7
Lithuania.............................2.7
Nicaragua ...........................2.7
Greece ...............................2.7
Colombia ............................2.6
Gambia, The.......................2.6
Cambodia ...........................2.6
Latvia..................................2.6
Serbia .................................2.6
Guatemala..........................2.6
Tanzania..............................2.6
Tajikistan.............................2.6
Timor-Leste ........................2.5
El Salvador .........................2.5
Russian Federation ............2.5
Philippines..........................2.5
Benin..................................2.5
Bolivia.................................2.5
Lesotho ..............................2.5
Ukraine...............................2.5
Honduras............................2.5
Nepal..................................2.4
Hungary..............................2.4
Nigeria................................2.4
Madagascar........................2.4
Croatia................................2.4
Mexico ...............................2.4
Uruguay..............................2.4
Syria ...................................2.3
Albania ...............................2.3
Dominican Republic ...........2.3
Zambia ...............................2.3
Italy ....................................2.3
Guyana ...............................2.3
Mauritania ..........................2.3
Turkey.................................2.3
Burundi...............................2.3
Georgia...............................2.2
Venezuela...........................2.2
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.2
Ethiopia ..............................2.2
Mozambique ......................2.2
Ecuador ..............................2.2
Ghana.................................2.1
Uganda...............................2.1
Argentina............................2.1
Algeria ................................2.1
Suriname............................2.1
Jamaica ..............................2.1
Malawi ...............................2.0
Bangladesh ........................2.0
Chad...................................2.0
Zimbabwe ..........................2.0
Paraguay ............................2.0
Cameroon ..........................2.0
Senegal ..............................2.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.0
Armenia..............................1.9
Mali ....................................1.9
Mongolia ............................1.9
Burkina Faso ......................1.7
Cte dIvoire ......................1.5
SCORE
MEAN: 2.9
8.04
433
434
8.05
How restrictive are regulations in your country relating to international capital flows? (1 = highly restrictive; 7 = not restrictive at all) | 20082009
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.5
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Philippines..........................4.5
Kuwait ................................4.5
Romania .............................4.4
Honduras............................4.4
Saudi Arabia .......................4.4
India ...................................4.4
Pakistan..............................4.4
Azerbaijan...........................4.4
Ghana.................................4.3
Costa Rica ..........................4.3
Korea, Rep. ........................4.3
Sri Lanka ............................4.3
Vietnam..............................4.3
Albania ...............................4.2
Croatia................................4.1
Mongolia ............................4.1
Kenya .................................4.1
Tanzania..............................4.1
Taiwan, China.....................4.1
Thailand..............................4.0
Nigeria................................4.0
Tunisia ................................4.0
Macedonia, FYR.................4.0
Brazil ..................................3.9
Bolivia.................................3.9
Lesotho ..............................3.9
Bulgaria ..............................3.9
Iceland................................3.9
Timor-Leste ........................3.9
Namibia ..............................3.8
Italy ....................................3.8
Serbia .................................3.8
Tajikistan.............................3.7
Burkina Faso ......................3.7
Suriname............................3.7
Cameroon ..........................3.7
Senegal ..............................3.7
Mali ....................................3.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....3.7
Benin..................................3.7
Malawi ...............................3.7
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.6
Cte dIvoire ......................3.6
South Africa .......................3.6
Mauritania ..........................3.6
Syria ...................................3.5
Barbados ............................3.5
Colombia ............................3.5
Kazakhstan .........................3.4
Morocco.............................3.4
Bangladesh ........................3.4
Nepal..................................3.4
Libya...................................3.3
Madagascar........................3.3
Russian Federation ............3.2
Ecuador ..............................3.2
Ukraine...............................3.1
China ..................................3.1
Ethiopia ..............................3.1
Burundi...............................3.1
Argentina............................3.0
Mozambique ......................2.9
Chad...................................2.9
Algeria ................................2.4
Zimbabwe ..........................2.4
Venezuela...........................1.4
SCORE
MEAN: 4.5
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
5
5
5
9
9
11
11
11
14
15
15
15
18
18
18
18
18
18
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
55
55
55
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
86
86
86
86
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
110
110
110
110
110
115
115
115
115
115
115
115
122
122
122
122
126
126
126
129
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
HARD DATA
8.06
435
436
8.07
Soundness of banks
How would you assess the soundness of banks in your country? (1 = insolvent and may require a government bailout; 7 = generally healthy with
sound balance sheets) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 5.2
Canada ...............................6.7
New Zealand ......................6.6
Australia .............................6.6
Chile ...................................6.5
Hong Kong SAR .................6.4
South Africa .......................6.4
Namibia ..............................6.3
Singapore ...........................6.3
Panama ..............................6.3
Brazil ..................................6.3
Finland................................6.3
Barbados ............................6.3
Malta ..................................6.3
Luxembourg.......................6.2
Slovak Republic..................6.2
Mauritius ............................6.2
Qatar ..................................6.2
Bahrain ...............................6.1
Israel ..................................6.1
Norway...............................6.1
Sweden..............................6.0
Cyprus................................6.0
Trinidad and Tobago ...........6.0
Spain ..................................6.0
India ...................................5.9
Peru....................................5.9
Austria................................5.9
Senegal ..............................5.9
Czech Republic ..................5.9
Costa Rica ..........................5.8
Malawi ...............................5.8
El Salvador .........................5.8
Saudi Arabia .......................5.8
Estonia ...............................5.7
Oman .................................5.7
United Arab Emirates.........5.7
Jordan ................................5.7
Malaysia .............................5.7
Brunei Darussalam.............5.7
France ................................5.7
Mexico ...............................5.7
Gambia, The.......................5.6
Thailand..............................5.6
Switzerland ........................5.6
Greece ...............................5.6
Guyana ...............................5.6
Botswana ...........................5.6
Kuwait ................................5.6
Denmark ............................5.6
Jamaica ..............................5.5
Honduras............................5.5
Benin..................................5.5
Zambia ...............................5.5
Colombia ............................5.4
Guatemala..........................5.4
Croatia................................5.4
Ghana.................................5.4
Philippines..........................5.4
Dominican Republic ...........5.4
Sri Lanka ............................5.4
Kenya .................................5.4
Portugal..............................5.4
Lithuania.............................5.4
Suriname............................5.3
Puerto Rico ........................5.3
China ..................................5.2
Burkina Faso ......................5.2
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Syria ...................................5.2
Italy ....................................5.2
Netherlands........................5.2
Uruguay..............................5.2
Montenegro .......................5.2
Paraguay ............................5.2
Romania .............................5.2
Bolivia.................................5.2
Tunisia ................................5.2
Slovenia..............................5.2
Morocco.............................5.2
Macedonia, FYR.................5.1
Mozambique ......................5.1
Armenia..............................5.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....5.1
Madagascar........................5.1
Japan..................................5.0
Pakistan..............................5.0
Egypt..................................5.0
Cameroon ..........................5.0
Uganda...............................5.0
Turkey.................................5.0
Korea, Rep. ........................5.0
Georgia...............................5.0
Nigeria................................5.0
Poland ................................5.0
Taiwan, China.....................4.9
Belgium..............................4.9
Indonesia............................4.9
Cte dIvoire ......................4.9
Ecuador ..............................4.9
Nepal..................................4.8
Hungary..............................4.8
Bangladesh ........................4.8
Bulgaria ..............................4.8
Germany ............................4.8
Albania ...............................4.7
Mali ....................................4.7
Azerbaijan...........................4.7
Tanzania..............................4.7
United States .....................4.7
Venezuela...........................4.6
Serbia .................................4.6
Vietnam..............................4.6
Nicaragua ...........................4.6
Mauritania ..........................4.5
Cambodia ...........................4.4
Latvia..................................4.3
Libya...................................4.3
Ethiopia ..............................4.2
Argentina............................4.2
Lesotho ..............................4.1
Tajikistan.............................4.1
Ireland ................................4.1
Timor-Leste ........................4.0
Russian Federation ............4.0
Chad...................................4.0
Burundi...............................4.0
United Kingdom .................3.8
Algeria ................................3.7
Kazakhstan .........................3.7
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.7
Iceland................................3.7
Zimbabwe ..........................3.6
Mongolia ............................3.5
Ukraine...............................3.4
SCORE
MEAN: 5.2
How would you assess the regulation of securities exchanges in your country? (1 = ineffective; 7 = effective) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.3
Sweden..............................5.9
South Africa .......................5.9
Switzerland ........................5.8
Singapore ...........................5.8
New Zealand ......................5.8
Australia .............................5.8
Denmark ............................5.7
Norway...............................5.7
Luxembourg.......................5.7
Brazil ..................................5.6
India ...................................5.6
Finland................................5.6
Puerto Rico ........................5.6
Netherlands........................5.5
Malta ..................................5.5
Hong Kong SAR .................5.4
France ................................5.3
Qatar ..................................5.3
Oman .................................5.3
Germany ............................5.3
Canada ...............................5.2
Panama ..............................5.2
United Arab Emirates.........5.2
Barbados ............................5.2
Jordan ................................5.2
Bahrain ...............................5.1
Belgium..............................5.1
Mauritius ............................5.0
Cyprus................................5.0
Malaysia .............................5.0
Sri Lanka ............................5.0
Estonia ...............................5.0
Jamaica ..............................5.0
Austria................................4.9
Taiwan, China.....................4.9
Thailand..............................4.9
Namibia ..............................4.9
Czech Republic ..................4.9
Poland ................................4.9
Japan..................................4.9
Portugal..............................4.8
Montenegro .......................4.8
Tunisia ................................4.8
Zambia ...............................4.8
Indonesia............................4.8
United Kingdom .................4.8
United States .....................4.7
Ghana.................................4.7
Iceland................................4.7
Greece ...............................4.7
Lithuania.............................4.6
Nigeria................................4.6
Morocco.............................4.6
Hungary..............................4.6
Korea, Rep. ........................4.5
Costa Rica ..........................4.5
Israel ..................................4.5
Chile ...................................4.5
Malawi ...............................4.5
Slovenia..............................4.5
Ireland ................................4.5
Mexico ...............................4.5
Guatemala..........................4.4
Saudi Arabia .......................4.4
Cte dIvoire ......................4.4
Bangladesh ........................4.4
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.4
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Botswana ...........................4.4
Egypt..................................4.3
Spain ..................................4.3
Turkey.................................4.3
Uruguay..............................4.2
Croatia................................4.2
Macedonia, FYR.................4.2
Pakistan..............................4.2
Italy ....................................4.2
Philippines..........................4.2
Peru....................................4.2
Latvia..................................4.2
El Salvador .........................4.1
Colombia ............................4.1
Zimbabwe ..........................4.1
Honduras............................4.1
Slovak Republic..................4.1
Ecuador ..............................4.1
Argentina............................4.1
Nicaragua ...........................4.0
Romania .............................4.0
Gambia, The.......................4.0
Vietnam..............................4.0
China ..................................4.0
Kuwait ................................4.0
Dominican Republic ...........4.0
Paraguay ............................4.0
Tanzania..............................4.0
Uganda...............................3.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....3.9
Benin..................................3.8
Senegal ..............................3.8
Kenya .................................3.7
Brunei Darussalam.............3.7
Serbia .................................3.6
Burkina Faso ......................3.6
Bolivia.................................3.6
Nepal..................................3.6
Mozambique ......................3.6
Guyana ...............................3.5
Bulgaria ..............................3.5
Azerbaijan...........................3.5
Venezuela...........................3.5
Lesotho ..............................3.4
Syria ...................................3.3
Russian Federation ............3.3
Suriname............................3.3
Cameroon ..........................3.2
Kazakhstan .........................3.2
Georgia...............................3.1
Armenia..............................3.1
Mali ....................................3.1
Mongolia ............................3.0
Timor-Leste ........................2.9
Tajikistan.............................2.8
Ethiopia ..............................2.8
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.7
Libya...................................2.7
Cambodia ...........................2.7
Ukraine...............................2.7
Albania ...............................2.6
Chad...................................2.6
Burundi...............................2.5
Mauritania ..........................2.4
Madagascar........................2.4
Algeria ................................2.3
SCORE
MEAN: 4.3
8.08
437
438
8.09
Degree of legal protection of borrowers and lenders rights on a 010 (best) scale | 2008
RANK
1
1
1
1
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
58
58
58
58
58
58
58
58
58
58
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
58
58
58
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
123
123
123
123
127
127
127
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Panama ....................................6
Slovenia....................................6
Spain ........................................6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ..........5
Colombia ..................................5
Costa Rica ................................5
El Salvador ...............................5
Gambia, The.............................5
Kazakhstan ...............................5
Lithuania...................................5
Mauritius ..................................5
Nepal ........................................5
Suriname ..................................5
Sweden ....................................5
Uruguay....................................5
Argentina..................................4
Bahrain .....................................4
Chile .........................................4
Ethiopia ....................................4
Guyana .....................................4
Jordan ......................................4
Kuwait ......................................4
Mexico .....................................4
Oman .......................................4
Saudi Arabia .............................4
Sri Lanka ..................................4
Taiwan, China ...........................4
Thailand ....................................4
Turkey.......................................4
United Arab Emirates...............4
Algeria ......................................3
Benin ........................................3
Brazil ........................................3
Burkina Faso ............................3
Cameroon ................................3
Chad .........................................3
Cte dIvoire.............................3
Dominican Republic .................3
Ecuador ....................................3
Egypt ........................................3
Greece .....................................3
Indonesia..................................3
Italy ..........................................3
Mali ..........................................3
Mauritania ................................3
Morocco ...................................3
Nicaragua .................................3
Paraguay ..................................3
Philippines ................................3
Portugal ....................................3
Qatar ........................................3
Russian Federation ..................3
Senegal ....................................3
Tunisia ......................................3
Venezuela .................................3
Burundi.....................................2
Madagascar..............................2
Mozambique ............................2
Tajikistan...................................2
Bolivia.......................................1
Syria .........................................1
Timor-Leste ..............................1
Barbados ...............................n/a
Cyprus ...................................n/a
Libya ......................................n/a
Malta .....................................n/a
HARD DATA
Data Tables
Section IX
Technological readiness
439
440
9.01
To what extent are the latest technologies available in your country? (1 = not available; 7 = widely available) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.9
Iceland................................6.8
Sweden..............................6.7
Finland................................6.6
Norway...............................6.6
United States .....................6.6
Switzerland ........................6.6
Denmark ............................6.4
United Arab Emirates.........6.4
Canada ...............................6.3
Netherlands........................6.3
Hong Kong SAR .................6.3
Japan..................................6.3
Austria................................6.3
Singapore ...........................6.3
Israel ..................................6.3
Germany ............................6.3
France ................................6.3
United Kingdom .................6.2
Belgium..............................6.2
Luxembourg.......................6.1
Australia .............................6.0
Puerto Rico ........................6.0
Portugal..............................5.9
Korea, Rep. ........................5.9
Qatar ..................................5.9
Estonia ...............................5.9
New Zealand ......................5.9
Bahrain ...............................5.9
Barbados ............................5.8
Malta ..................................5.8
Cyprus................................5.8
Chile ...................................5.8
Taiwan, China.....................5.7
Ireland ................................5.7
Jordan ................................5.6
Malaysia .............................5.6
South Africa .......................5.5
Slovenia..............................5.5
India ...................................5.5
Tunisia ................................5.5
Spain ..................................5.5
Senegal ..............................5.4
Saudi Arabia .......................5.4
Slovak Republic..................5.4
Namibia ..............................5.3
Jamaica ..............................5.3
Turkey.................................5.3
Czech Republic ..................5.3
Brazil ..................................5.3
Lithuania.............................5.2
Brunei Darussalam.............5.2
Mauritius ............................5.2
Thailand..............................5.1
Hungary..............................5.1
Kuwait ................................5.1
Guatemala..........................5.1
Philippines..........................5.1
Sri Lanka ............................5.1
Oman .................................5.0
Azerbaijan...........................5.0
Croatia................................5.0
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.9
Morocco.............................4.9
Greece ...............................4.9
Italy ....................................4.9
Egypt..................................4.8
Panama ..............................4.8
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
SCORE
MEAN: 4.9
To what extent do businesses in your country absorb new technology? (1 = not at all; 7 = aggressively absorb) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.8
Iceland................................6.5
Japan..................................6.4
Switzerland ........................6.3
United Arab Emirates.........6.2
United States .....................6.2
Sweden..............................6.2
Denmark ............................6.1
Norway...............................6.1
Finland................................6.1
Austria................................6.1
Israel ..................................6.1
Taiwan, China.....................6.1
Singapore ...........................6.0
Germany ............................6.0
Korea, Rep. ........................6.0
Australia .............................5.9
Hong Kong SAR .................5.9
New Zealand ......................5.8
Qatar ..................................5.7
Luxembourg.......................5.7
Canada ...............................5.7
United Kingdom .................5.6
Puerto Rico ........................5.6
Jordan ................................5.6
Netherlands........................5.5
France ................................5.5
Belgium..............................5.5
Senegal ..............................5.5
Estonia ...............................5.5
India ...................................5.5
Chile ...................................5.5
Ireland ................................5.4
South Africa .......................5.4
Portugal..............................5.4
Czech Republic ..................5.4
Brazil ..................................5.4
Malaysia .............................5.4
Tunisia ................................5.4
Cyprus................................5.4
Saudi Arabia .......................5.4
Barbados ............................5.3
Kuwait ................................5.3
Malta ..................................5.2
Guatemala..........................5.2
Slovak Republic..................5.2
Sri Lanka ............................5.2
China ..................................5.1
Egypt..................................5.1
Spain ..................................5.1
Cte dIvoire ......................5.1
Vietnam..............................5.1
Turkey.................................5.1
Costa Rica ..........................5.1
Philippines..........................5.1
Azerbaijan...........................5.0
Slovenia..............................5.0
Brunei Darussalam.............5.0
Panama ..............................4.9
Bahrain ...............................4.9
Oman .................................4.9
Thailand..............................4.9
Mauritius ............................4.9
Namibia ..............................4.9
Lithuania.............................4.8
Indonesia............................4.8
Libya...................................4.8
Poland ................................4.8
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
SCORE
MEAN: 4.8
9.02
441
442
9.03
How would you assess your countrys laws relating to the use of information technology (e.g., electronic commerce, digital signatures, consumer
protection)? (1 = nonexistent; 7 = well developed) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.0
Singapore ...........................6.0
Denmark ............................5.8
Estonia ...............................5.8
Sweden..............................5.8
Austria................................5.6
Norway...............................5.6
Korea, Rep. ........................5.6
Australia .............................5.6
United States .....................5.5
United Arab Emirates.........5.5
New Zealand ......................5.5
Canada ...............................5.5
Hong Kong SAR .................5.5
Iceland................................5.4
Finland................................5.4
Luxembourg.......................5.4
Switzerland ........................5.4
Germany ............................5.3
France ................................5.3
United Kingdom .................5.3
Netherlands........................5.3
Portugal..............................5.3
Taiwan, China.....................5.2
Slovenia..............................5.2
Malta ..................................5.2
Malaysia .............................5.1
Chile ...................................5.1
Bahrain ...............................5.0
Ireland ................................4.9
Belgium..............................4.8
South Africa .......................4.8
Czech Republic ..................4.8
Japan..................................4.8
Tunisia ................................4.7
Puerto Rico ........................4.7
Oman .................................4.6
Cyprus................................4.5
Spain ..................................4.5
India ...................................4.5
Qatar ..................................4.5
Brazil ..................................4.4
Barbados ............................4.3
Bulgaria ..............................4.3
Azerbaijan...........................4.3
Saudi Arabia .......................4.3
Lithuania.............................4.3
Panama ..............................4.2
China ..................................4.2
Turkey.................................4.2
Colombia ............................4.2
Egypt..................................4.2
Mauritius ............................4.1
Sri Lanka ............................4.1
Croatia................................4.1
Kazakhstan .........................4.1
Israel ..................................4.1
Montenegro .......................4.1
Costa Rica ..........................4.1
Jordan ................................4.0
Gambia, The.......................4.0
Senegal ..............................4.0
Dominican Republic ...........4.0
Italy ....................................4.0
Hungary..............................4.0
Indonesia............................3.9
Slovak Republic..................3.9
Mexico ...............................3.9
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Thailand..............................3.9
Uruguay..............................3.8
Vietnam..............................3.8
Philippines..........................3.8
Brunei Darussalam.............3.8
Jamaica ..............................3.8
Macedonia, FYR.................3.8
Latvia..................................3.8
Guatemala..........................3.7
Nigeria................................3.7
Greece ...............................3.7
Poland ................................3.7
Serbia .................................3.6
Peru....................................3.6
Kenya .................................3.6
El Salvador .........................3.6
Mali ....................................3.5
Romania .............................3.5
Benin..................................3.4
Zambia ...............................3.4
Albania ...............................3.4
Morocco.............................3.4
Ukraine...............................3.4
Honduras............................3.4
Burkina Faso ......................3.3
Russian Federation ............3.3
Botswana ...........................3.3
Pakistan..............................3.3
Tanzania..............................3.2
Georgia...............................3.2
Namibia ..............................3.2
Kuwait ................................3.2
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.1
Tajikistan.............................3.1
Argentina............................3.1
Mozambique ......................3.1
Ethiopia ..............................3.1
Nicaragua ...........................3.1
Malawi ...............................3.0
Ecuador ..............................3.0
Burundi...............................3.0
Uganda...............................3.0
Venezuela...........................2.9
Armenia..............................2.9
Chad...................................2.9
Lesotho ..............................2.9
Madagascar........................2.9
Cameroon ..........................2.8
Ghana.................................2.8
Mauritania ..........................2.8
Cambodia ...........................2.8
Zimbabwe ..........................2.7
Mongolia ............................2.7
Cte dIvoire ......................2.7
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.7
Guyana ...............................2.6
Nepal..................................2.6
Paraguay ............................2.4
Syria ...................................2.4
Algeria ................................2.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.4
Timor-Leste ........................2.3
Libya...................................2.3
Bangladesh ........................2.3
Suriname............................2.0
Bolivia.................................2.0
SCORE
MEAN: 4.0
To what extent does foreign direct investment (FDI) bring new technology into your country? (1 = not at all; 7 = FDI is a key source of new
technology) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.7
Ireland ................................6.3
Singapore ...........................6.2
Luxembourg.......................5.9
Slovak Republic..................5.9
Qatar ..................................5.7
United Arab Emirates.........5.7
Costa Rica ..........................5.6
Malaysia .............................5.6
Canada ...............................5.4
Malta ..................................5.4
Australia .............................5.4
Panama ..............................5.4
Saudi Arabia .......................5.4
Czech Republic ..................5.4
Bahrain ...............................5.4
Belgium..............................5.4
Hong Kong SAR .................5.4
Taiwan, China.....................5.4
India ...................................5.4
Portugal..............................5.4
Chile ...................................5.4
Uruguay..............................5.3
Brazil ..................................5.3
United Kingdom .................5.2
Tunisia ................................5.2
Hungary..............................5.2
Peru....................................5.2
Puerto Rico ........................5.2
Estonia ...............................5.2
Egypt..................................5.1
Guatemala..........................5.1
United States .....................5.1
Azerbaijan...........................5.1
Trinidad and Tobago ...........5.1
Poland ................................5.1
Dominican Republic ...........5.1
Mauritius ............................5.1
Sweden..............................5.1
Sri Lanka ............................5.1
Denmark ............................5.1
Mozambique ......................5.1
Barbados ............................5.1
Israel ..................................5.1
Namibia ..............................5.1
South Africa .......................5.1
Oman .................................5.0
Mexico ...............................5.0
Vietnam..............................5.0
Indonesia............................5.0
Thailand..............................5.0
Switzerland ........................5.0
Jordan ................................5.0
Romania .............................5.0
France ................................5.0
Honduras............................5.0
Cambodia ...........................5.0
Japan..................................5.0
Netherlands........................5.0
Spain ..................................4.9
Morocco.............................4.9
Turkey.................................4.9
Botswana ...........................4.9
Gambia, The.......................4.9
Montenegro .......................4.9
Kenya .................................4.9
Uganda...............................4.9
New Zealand ......................4.9
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
El Salvador .........................4.8
Austria................................4.8
Cyprus................................4.8
Cte dIvoire ......................4.8
Philippines..........................4.8
Korea, Rep. ........................4.8
Jamaica ..............................4.7
Colombia ............................4.7
Zambia ...............................4.7
China ..................................4.7
Norway...............................4.7
Georgia...............................4.7
Germany ............................4.7
Serbia .................................4.7
Lithuania.............................4.6
Albania ...............................4.6
Tanzania..............................4.5
Armenia..............................4.5
Finland................................4.5
Madagascar........................4.5
Senegal ..............................4.5
Nigeria................................4.5
Mali ....................................4.5
Libya...................................4.5
Brunei Darussalam.............4.5
Latvia..................................4.5
Burkina Faso ......................4.4
Cameroon ..........................4.4
Pakistan..............................4.4
Iceland................................4.4
Ghana.................................4.3
Malawi ...............................4.3
Benin..................................4.3
Greece ...............................4.3
Slovenia..............................4.2
Russian Federation ............4.2
Bulgaria ..............................4.2
Bangladesh ........................4.2
Italy ....................................4.1
Argentina............................4.1
Macedonia, FYR.................4.1
Croatia................................4.1
Guyana ...............................4.1
Burundi...............................4.1
Tajikistan.............................4.0
Kazakhstan .........................4.0
Mongolia ............................4.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....4.0
Ukraine...............................3.9
Syria ...................................3.9
Mauritania ..........................3.9
Ethiopia ..............................3.8
Ecuador ..............................3.8
Lesotho ..............................3.8
Suriname............................3.8
Kuwait ................................3.8
Nicaragua ...........................3.8
Venezuela...........................3.8
Paraguay ............................3.8
Timor-Leste ........................3.6
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.6
Nepal..................................3.6
Chad...................................3.5
Bolivia.................................3.3
Zimbabwe ..........................3.1
Algeria ................................3.0
SCORE
MEAN: 4.7
9.04
443
444
9.05
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
n/a
Barbados1 ...........................87.8
United States ......................87.6
Jordan .................................86.8
Turkey..................................86.8
Japan...................................86.3
Ecuador ...............................86.0
Honduras.............................85.7
Tunisia .................................82.1
Algeria2 ...............................81.4
Mauritius .............................81.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina .....80.7
Vietnam ...............................79.1
Botswana ............................78.0
Brazil ...................................77.6
Azerbaijan............................76.7
Philippines ...........................76.0
Peru.....................................74.2
Libya2 ..................................73.0
Dominican Republic ............72.8
Morocco ..............................72.2
Suriname1 ...........................70.8
Mexico ................................69.9
Gambia, The........................66.5
Mauritania ...........................65.3
Canada ................................64.7
Armenia2 .............................62.5
Indonesia.............................60.0
Georgia2 ..............................59.1
Sri Lanka .............................57.1
Egypt ...................................53.7
Nicaragua ............................53.5
Cte dIvoire........................53.2
Pakistan...............................52.7
Namibia ...............................50.0
Bolivia..................................49.8
Ghana ..................................48.3
China ...................................47.4
Senegal ...............................42.5
Kenya ..................................42.1
Costa Rica ...........................41.6
Nigeria .................................41.6
Kyrgyz Republic2 .................40.8
Benin ...................................36.9
Tajikistan2 ............................34.9
Syria ....................................34.5
Mongolia2............................34.4
Cameroon ...........................32.6
Tanzania...............................31.4
India ....................................29.2
Zambia ................................29.1
Cambodia ............................28.8
Lesotho ...............................28.8
Bangladesh .........................27.7
Uganda ................................26.8
Mali .....................................25.7
Madagascar.........................23.9
Mozambique .......................20.2
Burkina Faso .......................16.8
Chad ....................................16.3
Malawi ................................12.5
Zimbabwe ...........................12.3
Nepal2 .................................11.6
Timor-Leste2..........................6.8
Burundi..................................5.4
Ethiopia .................................3.7
Guyana ..................................n/a
HARD DATA
SOURCE: International Telecommunication Union, World Telecommunication Indicators (June 2009 update); national sources
1 2006
2 2007
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Netherlands.........................86.8
United Arab Emirates..........85.7
Norway2 ..............................85.0
Denmark .............................84.9
Sweden2 .............................80.0
United Kingdom ..................79.9
Finland2 ...............................79.0
Luxembourg2 ......................78.0
Korea, Rep. .........................77.4
Switzerland .........................76.4
Germany .............................75.7
Canada2...............................73.0
United States ......................71.2
New Zealand2 .....................70.0
Singapore2 ..........................70.0
Japan2 .................................68.9
Iceland2 ...............................67.2
Belgium2 .............................67.0
Taiwan, China ......................65.7
Ireland .................................64.6
Estonia2...............................64.0
Malaysia ..............................62.5
Austria .................................59.0
Spain ...................................58.7
Australia ..............................56.8
Hong Kong SAR ..................56.7
Jamaica2 .............................55.3
Latvia2 .................................55.0
Hungary...............................55.0
Lithuania..............................52.7
Slovak Republic...................51.4
France2................................51.2
Qatar ...................................50.9
Slovenia...............................49.6
Italy .....................................49.4
Croatia .................................49.3
Malta ...................................49.0
Czech Republic2 ..................49.0
Brunei Darussalam2 ............48.2
Montenegro2.......................46.8
Poland2................................44.0
Macedonia, FYR..................42.9
Portugal ...............................41.7
Uruguay...............................40.0
Cyprus2 ...............................38.0
Colombia .............................36.6
Brazil2 ..................................35.2
Costa Rica2 .........................33.6
Bahrain2 ..............................33.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina .....33.2
Morocco ..............................32.6
Greece ................................32.5
Chile ....................................32.5
Turkey..................................32.3
Kuwait2 ...............................31.6
Bulgaria2..............................31.0
Mauritius .............................29.9
Israel2 ..................................28.9
Saudi Arabia ........................28.5
Argentina.............................28.1
Tunisia .................................26.8
Dominican Republic ............25.9
Guyana2 ..............................25.7
Venezuela ............................25.5
Peru.....................................25.3
Puerto Rico .........................25.1
Jordan .................................24.5
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
n/a
Romania2 ............................24.0
Serbia ..................................23.9
Panama ...............................22.9
Ukraine ................................22.6
China ...................................22.3
Mexico ................................21.6
Russian Federation2 ............21.1
Thailand2 .............................21.0
Vietnam2 .............................20.5
Syria ....................................17.4
Egypt ...................................16.4
Trinidad and Tobago2...........16.0
Albania1 ...............................15.0
Kyrgyz Republic2 .................14.1
Kazakhstan2 ........................12.3
Mongolia2............................12.0
El Salvador2 .........................11.1
Pakistan...............................11.1
Azerbaijan2 ..........................10.9
Indonesia2 ...........................10.8
Oman ..................................10.7
Zimbabwe ...........................10.5
Bolivia2 ................................10.5
Algeria2 ...............................10.3
Guatemala1 .........................10.2
Ecuador .................................9.7
Suriname2 .............................9.6
Honduras...............................9.1
Kenya ....................................8.7
Paraguay2 ..............................8.7
South Africa ..........................8.6
Georgia2 ................................8.2
Senegal .................................8.0
Uganda ..................................7.8
Nigeria ...................................7.3
Tajikistan2 ..............................7.2
India2 .....................................6.9
Gambia, The..........................6.5
Philippines2 ...........................6.0
Sri Lanka ...............................5.9
Zambia ..................................5.8
Armenia1 ...............................5.7
Namibia .................................5.4
Libya2 ....................................4.7
Botswana ..............................4.2
Ghana ....................................4.2
Lesotho .................................3.6
Cte dIvoire..........................3.4
Cameroon2 ............................3.0
Nicaragua1.............................2.8
Malawi ..................................2.2
Benin .....................................1.7
Mozambique .........................1.6
Madagascar...........................1.6
Mauritania2............................1.4
Nepal2 ...................................1.4
Tanzania.................................1.3
Chad ......................................1.2
Mali .......................................1.0
Burkina Faso .........................0.9
Burundi..................................0.7
Cambodia2 ............................0.5
Ethiopia .................................0.4
Bangladesh2 ..........................0.3
Timor-Leste2..........................0.1
Barbados ...............................n/a
HARD DATA
SOURCE: International Telecommunication Union, World Telecommunication Indicators (June 2009 update); national sources
1 2006
2 2007
9.06
445
446
9.07
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Canada4...............................94.6
Switzerland .........................92.6
Netherlands4 .......................91.2
Sweden4 .............................88.2
United Kingdom4 ................81.2
United States4 ....................79.9
Israel2 ..................................77.0
Singapore ............................76.9
Taiwan, China ......................76.0
Luxembourg4 ......................67.5
Hong Kong SAR ..................65.9
France4................................65.9
Germany4 ............................65.3
Norway4 ..............................63.1
Austria3 ...............................61.0
Ireland4................................58.9
Korea, Rep. .........................57.8
Japan...................................57.4
Denmark .............................55.1
New Zealand4 .....................54.2
Iceland4 ...............................53.9
Estonia ................................52.4
Slovak Republic...................51.5
Finland3 ...............................50.0
Slovenia...............................42.9
Belgium4 .............................42.2
Spain ...................................39.8
Cyprus4 ...............................38.4
Italy3 ....................................37.0
Macedonia, FYR..................36.8
Croatia .................................33.8
Latvia4 .................................32.6
Costa Rica5 .........................31.1
United Arab Emirates4 ........30.1
Brazil5 ..................................29.2
Czech Republic3 ..................27.4
Chile ....................................26.0
Hungary...............................25.6
Puerto Rico .........................24.6
Namibia ...............................24.1
Malaysia4 ............................23.4
Kuwait3 ...............................22.3
Romania ..............................19.3
Qatar4..................................18.7
Bahrain4 ..............................18.3
Serbia ..................................18.3
Lithuania4 ............................18.1
Mauritius4 ...........................17.5
Portugal ...............................17.2
Poland4................................16.8
Barbados3 ...........................14.8
Paraguay5 ............................14.4
Saudi Arabia4 ......................13.9
Mexico4...............................13.8
Mongolia4............................13.4
Russian Federation4 ............13.3
Trinidad and Tobago ............13.2
Uruguay3 .............................13.0
Ecuador4 .............................12.7
Peru3 ...................................10.0
Armenia3 ...............................9.8
Vietnam4 ...............................9.5
Greece4 .................................9.4
Venezuela3 ............................9.3
Argentina3 .............................9.0
Syria ......................................9.0
Bulgaria .................................8.9
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
HARD DATA
SOURCE: International Telecommunication Union, World Telecommunication Indicators (June 2009 update); national sources
1 2001
2 2003
3 2005
4 2006
5 2008
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Sweden ...............................37.3
Denmark .............................36.8
Netherlands.........................35.0
Norway................................34.0
Switzerland .........................33.0
Iceland.................................32.9
Korea, Rep. .........................32.0
Finland.................................30.6
Luxembourg ........................30.3
Canada ................................29.0
France .................................28.6
United Kingdom ..................28.3
Belgium ...............................28.3
Germany .............................27.4
Hong Kong SAR ..................26.8
United States ......................25.6
Australia ..............................24.5
Malta ...................................24.2
Estonia ................................23.9
Japan...................................23.5
Israel ...................................22.7
Singapore ............................22.3
Taiwan, China ......................21.8
New Zealand .......................21.7
Austria .................................21.4
Slovenia...............................21.3
Barbados1 ...........................20.5
Ireland .................................20.4
Spain ...................................20.2
Italy .....................................19.1
Lithuania..............................17.5
Czech Republic ...................17.3
Portugal ...............................15.9
Hungary...............................15.4
Greece ................................13.5
Bahrain ................................12.1
Qatar ...................................12.1
Cyprus .................................12.0
Romania ..............................11.8
United Arab Emirates..........11.7
Croatia .................................11.5
Slovak Republic...................11.5
Bulgaria ...............................11.2
Poland2..................................9.0
Macedonia, FYR....................8.8
Uruguay.................................8.6
Chile ......................................8.5
Argentina...............................8.0
Turkey....................................7.6
Mexico ..................................7.1
Latvia2 ...................................6.4
China .....................................6.2
Mauritius ...............................5.7
Brazil .....................................5.2
Malaysia ................................4.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina .......4.8
Panama .................................4.6
Serbia ....................................4.6
Montenegro1.........................4.3
Saudi Arabia ..........................4.1
Colombia ...............................4.1
Venezuela ..............................3.9
Costa Rica .............................3.9
Kazakhstan ............................3.6
Jamaica .................................3.6
Ukraine ..................................3.5
Brunei Darussalam2 ..............2.9
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
HARD DATA
SOURCE: International Telecommunication Union, World Telecommunication Indicators (June 2009 update); national sources
1 2006
2 2007
3 2009
9.08
447
Data Tables
Section X
Market size
449
450
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Ethiopia .................................3.4
Guatemala .............................3.4
Tunisia ...................................3.4
Lithuania................................3.3
Kenya ....................................3.3
Slovenia.................................3.2
Tanzania.................................3.2
Qatar .....................................3.2
Costa Rica .............................3.1
El Salvador ............................3.1
Oman ....................................3.1
Libya......................................3.1
Uruguay.................................3.0
Ghana ....................................3.0
Latvia.....................................3.0
Jordan ...................................3.0
Honduras...............................3.0
Uganda ..................................3.0
Cameroon .............................3.0
Bolivia....................................3.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina .......3.0
Azerbaijan..............................2.9
Nepal .....................................2.9
Panama .................................2.9
Cambodia ..............................2.8
Paraguay ...............................2.8
Cte dIvoire..........................2.8
Luxembourg ..........................2.7
Estonia ..................................2.7
Georgia..................................2.7
Albania ..................................2.7
Senegal .................................2.6
Jamaica .................................2.6
Cyprus ...................................2.6
Botswana ..............................2.6
Mozambique .........................2.6
Armenia.................................2.6
Macedonia, FYR....................2.6
Nicaragua ..............................2.5
Madagascar...........................2.5
Bahrain ..................................2.5
Trinidad and Tobago ..............2.5
Zambia ..................................2.4
Burkina Faso .........................2.4
Mauritius ...............................2.4
Mali .......................................2.3
Kyrgyz Republic.....................2.3
Malawi ..................................2.3
Tajikistan................................2.3
Benin .....................................2.3
Namibia .................................2.2
Iceland...................................2.2
Chad ......................................2.2
Brunei Darussalam................2.1
Malta .....................................2.0
Mongolia ...............................2.0
Montenegro ..........................1.9
Mauritania .............................1.7
Lesotho .................................1.5
Barbados ...............................1.5
Timor-Leste ...........................1.4
Burundi..................................1.4
Guyana ..................................1.4
Suriname ...............................1.3
Zimbabwe .............................1.0
Gambia, The..........................1.0
HARD DATA
SOURCE: Authors calculation. For more details please refer to Appendix A in Chapter 1.1 of this Report.
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
China .....................................7.0
United States ........................6.7
Germany ...............................6.6
India ......................................6.2
Japan.....................................6.2
Korea, Rep. ...........................6.2
Russian Federation ...............6.2
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.1
United Kingdom ....................6.1
France ...................................6.1
Singapore ..............................6.1
Taiwan, China ........................6.0
Italy .......................................6.0
Netherlands...........................6.0
Canada ..................................5.9
Mexico ..................................5.9
Saudi Arabia ..........................5.9
Thailand .................................5.9
Malaysia ................................5.9
Spain .....................................5.8
Belgium .................................5.8
Brazil .....................................5.7
Indonesia...............................5.6
Poland ...................................5.6
Turkey....................................5.5
Egypt .....................................5.5
Czech Republic .....................5.5
Austria ...................................5.5
Vietnam .................................5.5
Australia ................................5.4
Sweden .................................5.4
Nigeria ...................................5.4
Switzerland ...........................5.4
South Africa ..........................5.4
United Arab Emirates............5.4
Hungary.................................5.3
Ukraine ..................................5.3
Ireland ...................................5.3
Argentina...............................5.3
Norway..................................5.2
Philippines .............................5.2
Algeria ...................................5.2
Venezuela ..............................5.2
Denmark ...............................5.1
Chile ......................................5.1
Slovak Republic.....................5.1
Kazakhstan ............................5.0
Kuwait ...................................5.0
Finland...................................5.0
Romania ................................5.0
Israel .....................................5.0
Greece ..................................5.0
Libya......................................4.9
Portugal .................................4.9
Colombia ...............................4.9
Luxembourg ..........................4.9
Peru.......................................4.9
Qatar .....................................4.8
Azerbaijan..............................4.8
Bulgaria .................................4.8
Puerto Rico ...........................4.7
Pakistan.................................4.7
Bangladesh ...........................4.7
Morocco ................................4.7
Tunisia ...................................4.6
Oman ....................................4.6
Slovenia.................................4.6
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Ecuador .................................4.6
Croatia ...................................4.6
Lithuania................................4.5
New Zealand .........................4.5
Syria ......................................4.4
Panama .................................4.4
Bahrain ..................................4.4
Sri Lanka ...............................4.3
Costa Rica .............................4.2
Estonia ..................................4.2
Dominican Republic ..............4.2
Trinidad and Tobago ..............4.1
Serbia ....................................4.1
Bolivia....................................4.1
Guatemala .............................4.1
Jordan ...................................4.1
Latvia.....................................4.1
Cambodia ..............................4.1
Honduras...............................4.1
Kenya ....................................4.0
Paraguay ...............................4.0
Cte dIvoire..........................4.0
Ghana ....................................4.0
Brunei Darussalam................4.0
Botswana ..............................3.9
Uruguay.................................3.9
El Salvador ............................3.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina .......3.9
Cyprus ...................................3.8
Cameroon .............................3.8
Tanzania.................................3.7
Macedonia, FYR....................3.7
Chad ......................................3.7
Mauritius ...............................3.7
Jamaica .................................3.7
Malta .....................................3.7
Namibia .................................3.6
Mozambique .........................3.6
Kyrgyz Republic.....................3.6
Uganda ..................................3.5
Georgia..................................3.5
Mongolia ...............................3.5
Ethiopia .................................3.5
Iceland...................................3.5
Nicaragua ..............................3.5
Senegal .................................3.4
Tajikistan................................3.4
Madagascar...........................3.4
Albania ..................................3.3
Nepal .....................................3.3
Mali .......................................3.3
Mauritania .............................3.2
Montenegro ..........................3.2
Barbados ...............................3.2
Malawi ..................................3.2
Suriname ...............................3.2
Zambia ..................................3.1
Armenia.................................3.1
Guyana ..................................3.0
Lesotho .................................2.9
Benin .....................................2.8
Burkina Faso .........................2.8
Gambia, The..........................2.6
Zimbabwe .............................2.6
Burundi..................................1.2
Timor-Leste ...........................1.0
HARD DATA
SOURCE: Authors calculation. For more details please refer to Appendix A in Chapter 1.1 of this Report.
451
452
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Serbia ..................................79.7
Dominican Republic ............76.3
Azerbaijan............................74.7
Ethiopia ...............................71.0
Puerto Rico .........................70.6
Guatemala ...........................67.0
Oman ..................................66.9
Lithuania..............................63.6
Kenya ..................................60.4
Slovenia...............................59.3
Tanzania...............................53.7
Costa Rica ...........................48.7
El Salvador ..........................43.7
Bolivia..................................43.4
Uruguay...............................42.5
Cameroon ...........................41.7
Luxembourg ........................40.0
Latvia...................................38.8
Panama ...............................38.6
Uganda ................................36.9
Ghana ..................................34.3
Cte dIvoire........................34.0
Honduras.............................32.7
Nepal ...................................31.6
Jordan .................................31.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina .....30.4
Paraguay .............................29.4
Cambodia ............................28.2
Estonia ................................27.2
Trinidad and Tobago ............27.0
Bahrain ................................27.0
Botswana ............................26.5
Cyprus .................................22.7
Albania ................................21.8
Senegal ...............................21.7
Georgia................................21.4
Jamaica ...............................21.0
Madagascar.........................19.7
Brunei Darussalam..............19.7
Macedonia, FYR..................18.8
Armenia...............................18.7
Mozambique .......................18.6
Burkina Faso .......................17.8
Zambia ................................17.4
Nicaragua ............................16.6
Chad ....................................16.1
Mauritius .............................15.2
Mali .....................................15.0
Namibia ...............................13.5
Tajikistan..............................13.0
Benin ...................................13.0
Iceland.................................12.7
Kyrgyz Republic...................11.6
Malawi ................................11.4
Malta .....................................9.8
Mongolia ...............................9.4
Montenegro ..........................6.9
Mauritania .............................6.2
Barbados ...............................5.2
Suriname ...............................4.4
Lesotho .................................3.2
Burundi..................................3.1
Guyana ..................................3.1
Timor-Leste ...........................2.5
Gambia, The..........................2.3
Zimbabwe1............................2.2
HARD DATA
SOURCE: IMF, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2009); national sources
1 2007
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Singapore ..........................215.3
Hong Kong SAR ................201.6
Luxembourg ......................150.7
Lesotho .............................117.2
Guyana ..............................111.7
Puerto Rico .........................99.6
Jordan .................................94.8
Kyrgyz Republic...................93.6
Vietnam ...............................93.1
Belgium ...............................92.6
Slovak Republic...................85.0
Bahrain ................................84.8
Malta ...................................83.9
Bulgaria ...............................83.3
Honduras.............................81.6
Estonia ................................80.7
Malaysia ..............................80.3
Hungary...............................79.9
Montenegro1.......................79.6
Panama ...............................75.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina1 ....73.7
Thailand ...............................73.6
United Arab Emirates..........73.2
Czech Republic ...................71.8
Slovenia...............................71.4
Ghana ..................................71.0
Lithuania..............................71.0
Macedonia, FYR..................70.9
Timor-Leste .........................70.6
Nicaragua ............................70.1
Taiwan, China ......................69.4
Mozambique .......................69.1
Ireland .................................69.0
Netherlands.........................68.8
Cambodia ............................68.8
Mauritius .............................67.1
Mongolia1............................65.7
Malawi ................................65.4
Mauritania1..........................64.9
Zimbabwe ...........................64.2
Gambia, The........................62.7
Jamaica ...............................62.2
Namibia ...............................61.4
Suriname1 ...........................61.2
Paraguay .............................58.8
Cyprus .................................58.4
Georgia................................57.7
Croatia .................................57.3
Barbados1 ...........................56.0
Costa Rica ...........................55.6
Latvia...................................54.9
Ukraine ................................54.3
Korea, Rep. .........................54.1
Austria .................................53.9
Denmark .............................52.5
Tajikistan..............................51.4
El Salvador ..........................49.5
Iceland.................................47.6
Sweden ...............................46.8
Morocco ..............................46.2
Tunisia .................................45.9
Switzerland .........................45.9
Serbia ..................................45.8
Egypt ...................................45.5
Senegal ...............................44.1
Romania ..............................43.5
Poland .................................42.8
68
69
70
70
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
105
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
119
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Kenya ..................................42.6
Portugal ...............................42.2
Albania ................................42.1
Guatemala ...........................42.1
Israel ...................................42.0
Ecuador ...............................41.3
Chile ....................................41.1
Kazakhstan ..........................41.0
Germany .............................40.9
Trinidad and Tobago ............40.9
Saudi Arabia ........................40.5
Finland.................................40.3
Libya....................................39.9
Armenia...............................39.6
Dominican Republic ............39.4
Botswana ............................38.8
Sri Lanka .............................38.8
Madagascar.........................38.7
South Africa ........................38.5
Philippines ...........................38.1
Mali1....................................37.1
Oman ..................................35.6
Syria ....................................35.5
Bolivia..................................35.3
Burundi................................35.0
Cte dIvoire........................34.3
Nigeria .................................33.7
Canada ................................33.3
New Zealand .......................33.1
Uganda ................................33.0
Bangladesh .........................32.8
Uruguay...............................32.3
Spain ...................................32.2
United Kingdom ..................32.0
Greece ................................31.9
Nepal1 .................................31.4
Chad ....................................31.1
Tanzania...............................30.6
Zambia ................................30.6
Mexico ................................30.5
India ....................................30.3
Italy .....................................29.3
Azerbaijan............................29.3
China ...................................29.2
France .................................28.9
Norway................................28.8
Indonesia.............................28.6
Turkey..................................28.5
Brunei Darussalam1 ............27.8
Algeria .................................27.6
Benin ...................................27.5
Kuwait .................................27.0
Qatar ...................................27.0
Peru.....................................26.8
Cameroon ...........................26.7
Australia ..............................23.9
Ethiopia ...............................22.9
Pakistan...............................22.1
Colombia .............................22.0
Russian Federation .............22.0
Argentina.............................20.3
Venezuela ............................19.6
United States ......................17.7
Japan...................................17.3
Brazil ...................................14.2
Burkina Faso .......................13.3
HARD DATA
SOURCE: Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (July 2009); The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2009; World Trade
Organization, Statistics Database (July 2009); IMF, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2009); national sources
1 2007
453
454
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
52
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
Singapore ..........................234.3
Hong Kong SAR ................212.3
Luxembourg ......................179.3
Bahrain ..............................110.5
Malaysia ............................103.5
United Arab Emirates..........93.4
Belgium ...............................92.1
Libya....................................86.6
Slovak Republic...................82.6
Hungary...............................81.4
Ireland .................................80.9
Malta ...................................80.1
Guyana ................................79.9
Vietnam ...............................79.5
Panama ...............................79.2
Netherlands.........................76.9
Czech Republic ...................76.8
Puerto Rico .........................76.8
Thailand ...............................76.4
Estonia ................................76.3
Azerbaijan............................76.2
Taiwan, China ......................74.2
Suriname1 ...........................72.5
Saudi Arabia ........................71.3
Slovenia...............................68.6
Trinidad and Tobago ............67.9
Brunei Darussalam1 ............67.7
Kuwait .................................66.4
Mongolia1............................64.3
Qatar ...................................63.9
Barbados1 ...........................61.8
Oman ..................................61.5
Lesotho ...............................60.8
Bulgaria ...............................60.5
Lithuania..............................59.8
Austria .................................59.2
Namibia ...............................57.7
Gambia, The........................57.7
Mauritania1..........................57.7
Kyrgyz Republic...................56.5
Cambodia ............................56.3
Switzerland .........................56.2
Nigeria .................................55.8
Jordan .................................54.8
Denmark .............................54.7
Sweden ...............................54.2
Mauritius .............................54.0
Paraguay .............................53.1
Korea, Rep. .........................52.9
Zimbabwe ...........................51.9
Kazakhstan ..........................51.5
Algeria .................................51.4
Tunisia .................................51.4
Chad ....................................51.2
Macedonia, FYR..................48.8
Honduras.............................48.6
Norway................................48.1
Croatia .................................47.8
Montenegro1.......................47.5
Germany .............................47.2
Cyprus .................................47.1
Ukraine ................................46.9
Botswana ............................46.2
Costa Rica ...........................46.0
Egypt ...................................45.8
Chile ....................................45.1
Iceland.................................44.7
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
111
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Finland.................................44.2
Cte dIvoire........................43.5
Ghana ..................................42.6
Latvia...................................41.8
Mozambique .......................41.6
Bolivia..................................40.2
Israel ...................................40.0
Poland .................................39.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina1 ....39.1
Jamaica ...............................38.3
Philippines ...........................38.0
China ...................................37.8
Tajikistan..............................37.6
Ecuador ...............................37.0
Morocco ..............................35.8
South Africa ........................35.4
Canada ................................34.9
Nicaragua ............................33.7
Syria ....................................33.4
Portugal ...............................32.8
Venezuela ............................31.8
New Zealand .......................31.3
Russian Federation .............31.3
Romania ..............................30.9
Indonesia.............................29.8
United Kingdom ..................28.9
Italy .....................................28.8
Georgia................................28.7
Malawi ................................28.3
Mexico ................................28.3
Uruguay...............................28.3
Sri Lanka .............................27.6
El Salvador ..........................27.5
Peru.....................................27.4
Mali1....................................27.3
Dominican Republic ............26.8
Spain ...................................26.4
France .................................26.4
Kenya ..................................26.0
Guatemala ...........................25.9
Cameroon ...........................25.3
Argentina.............................24.2
Madagascar.........................24.1
India ....................................24.0
Senegal ...............................24.0
Turkey..................................23.9
Australia ..............................23.6
Greece ................................23.1
Serbia ..................................22.3
Bangladesh .........................22.2
Albania ................................20.1
Zambia ................................18.3
Colombia .............................18.3
Japan...................................17.4
Tanzania...............................17.3
Uganda ................................17.1
Armenia...............................14.8
Brazil ...................................14.3
Benin ...................................14.3
Nepal1 .................................13.1
United States ......................13.0
Pakistan...............................12.1
Burkina Faso .........................9.0
Ethiopia .................................8.1
Burundi..................................3.0
Timor-Leste ...........................2.8
HARD DATA
SOURCE: Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (July 2009); The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2009; World Trade
Organization, Statistics Database (July 2009); IMF, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2009); national sources
1 2007
Data Tables
Section XI
Business sophistication
455
456
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.7
Japan..................................6.3
Germany ............................6.0
India ...................................5.9
Qatar ..................................5.9
Switzerland ........................5.8
Austria................................5.8
United States .....................5.7
Czech Republic ..................5.7
Netherlands........................5.6
Brazil ..................................5.6
China ..................................5.6
United Arab Emirates.........5.5
Spain ..................................5.5
Belgium..............................5.5
France ................................5.5
Taiwan, China.....................5.4
Canada ...............................5.4
United Kingdom .................5.4
Tunisia ................................5.4
Denmark ............................5.4
Saudi Arabia .......................5.4
Italy ....................................5.3
Hong Kong SAR .................5.3
Thailand..............................5.3
Korea, Rep. ........................5.3
Kuwait ................................5.3
Malaysia .............................5.3
Poland ................................5.3
Turkey.................................5.2
Sweden..............................5.2
Chile ...................................5.2
Australia .............................5.2
Guatemala..........................5.2
Jordan ................................5.2
Colombia ............................5.1
Slovak Republic..................5.1
Norway...............................5.1
Malta ..................................5.1
Ireland ................................5.1
Slovenia..............................5.1
Nigeria................................5.1
Finland................................5.1
Puerto Rico ........................5.1
Singapore ...........................5.0
South Africa .......................5.0
Israel ..................................5.0
Cameroon ..........................5.0
Kenya .................................5.0
Cyprus................................5.0
Indonesia............................5.0
Senegal ..............................5.0
Lithuania.............................5.0
Costa Rica ..........................5.0
Syria ...................................4.9
Mexico ...............................4.9
Sri Lanka ............................4.9
Peru....................................4.9
Bulgaria ..............................4.9
Portugal..............................4.9
Iceland................................4.9
Panama ..............................4.8
Uganda...............................4.8
Brunei Darussalam.............4.8
Greece ...............................4.8
Dominican Republic ...........4.8
Morocco.............................4.7
El Salvador .........................4.7
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Hungary..............................4.7
Argentina............................4.7
Cte dIvoire ......................4.7
Egypt..................................4.7
Mauritius ............................4.7
Mauritania ..........................4.7
Vietnam..............................4.7
Philippines..........................4.7
Oman .................................4.6
Gambia, The.......................4.6
Mali ....................................4.6
Libya...................................4.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....4.6
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.6
Estonia ...............................4.6
New Zealand ......................4.6
Azerbaijan...........................4.6
Macedonia, FYR.................4.6
Romania .............................4.6
Serbia .................................4.6
Malawi ...............................4.6
Madagascar........................4.5
Zambia ...............................4.5
Ghana.................................4.5
Burkina Faso ......................4.5
Bangladesh ........................4.5
Guyana ...............................4.4
Honduras............................4.4
Pakistan..............................4.4
Chad...................................4.4
Montenegro .......................4.4
Ukraine...............................4.4
Algeria ................................4.4
Burundi...............................4.3
Russian Federation ............4.3
Barbados ............................4.3
Croatia................................4.3
Kazakhstan .........................4.3
Uruguay..............................4.2
Nepal..................................4.2
Jamaica ..............................4.1
Latvia..................................4.1
Paraguay ............................4.1
Luxembourg.......................4.1
Armenia..............................4.1
Ecuador ..............................4.0
Tanzania..............................4.0
Suriname............................4.0
Benin..................................4.0
Ethiopia ..............................4.0
Bahrain ...............................4.0
Albania ...............................4.0
Namibia ..............................4.0
Tajikistan.............................3.9
Mozambique ......................3.9
Nicaragua ...........................3.8
Botswana ...........................3.8
Cambodia ...........................3.8
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.8
Zimbabwe ..........................3.7
Lesotho ..............................3.6
Mongolia ............................3.6
Georgia...............................3.5
Bolivia.................................3.5
Timor-Leste ........................3.5
Venezuela...........................3.4
SCORE
MEAN: 4.7
How would you assess the quality of local suppliers in your country? (1 = very poor; 7 = very good) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
Austria................................6.3
Switzerland ........................6.3
Germany ............................6.3
Japan..................................6.2
Belgium..............................5.9
Sweden..............................5.9
Netherlands........................5.8
Canada ...............................5.8
United States .....................5.8
Denmark ............................5.8
France ................................5.7
Norway...............................5.7
Finland................................5.6
New Zealand ......................5.6
Czech Republic ..................5.6
Australia .............................5.6
Taiwan, China.....................5.6
Puerto Rico ........................5.5
Iceland................................5.5
Hong Kong SAR .................5.5
Ireland ................................5.5
South Africa .......................5.4
Qatar ..................................5.4
United Arab Emirates.........5.4
Estonia ...............................5.3
Chile ...................................5.3
United Kingdom .................5.3
Singapore ...........................5.3
Cyprus................................5.3
Israel ..................................5.2
Slovenia..............................5.2
Spain ..................................5.2
Costa Rica ..........................5.2
Italy ....................................5.1
Brazil ..................................5.1
Guatemala..........................5.1
Luxembourg.......................5.1
Korea, Rep. ........................5.1
Poland ................................5.1
Thailand..............................5.0
India ...................................5.0
Malaysia .............................5.0
Saudi Arabia .......................5.0
Lithuania.............................5.0
Senegal ..............................4.9
Kuwait ................................4.9
Mexico ...............................4.9
Colombia ............................4.9
Slovak Republic..................4.9
Sri Lanka ............................4.9
Panama ..............................4.8
Turkey.................................4.8
China ..................................4.8
Barbados ............................4.8
Jordan ................................4.7
El Salvador .........................4.7
Portugal..............................4.7
Indonesia............................4.7
Tunisia ................................4.7
Peru....................................4.7
Greece ...............................4.7
Oman .................................4.7
Malta ..................................4.7
Hungary..............................4.7
Gambia, The.......................4.7
Latvia..................................4.7
Kenya .................................4.6
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Argentina............................4.5
Cte dIvoire ......................4.5
Dominican Republic ...........4.5
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.5
Mauritius ............................4.4
Bulgaria ..............................4.4
Croatia................................4.4
Uruguay..............................4.4
Montenegro .......................4.4
Philippines..........................4.4
Brunei Darussalam.............4.3
Nigeria................................4.3
Romania .............................4.3
Jamaica ..............................4.3
Bahrain ...............................4.3
Morocco.............................4.2
Honduras............................4.2
Macedonia, FYR.................4.2
Azerbaijan...........................4.2
Namibia ..............................4.1
Pakistan..............................4.1
Benin..................................4.1
Guyana ...............................4.1
Bangladesh ........................4.1
Vietnam..............................4.0
Uganda...............................4.0
Syria ...................................4.0
Ukraine...............................4.0
Burkina Faso ......................4.0
Kazakhstan .........................4.0
Paraguay ............................4.0
Zambia ...............................4.0
Nicaragua ...........................4.0
Madagascar........................3.9
Libya...................................3.9
Serbia .................................3.9
Egypt..................................3.9
Ghana.................................3.9
Mali ....................................3.9
Malawi ...............................3.9
Suriname............................3.9
Cameroon ..........................3.9
Russian Federation ............3.9
Ecuador ..............................3.8
Armenia..............................3.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....3.8
Cambodia ...........................3.7
Botswana ...........................3.7
Albania ...............................3.7
Lesotho ..............................3.7
Mauritania ..........................3.6
Tanzania..............................3.6
Algeria ................................3.6
Ethiopia ..............................3.6
Tajikistan.............................3.5
Burundi...............................3.5
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.5
Zimbabwe ..........................3.5
Nepal..................................3.4
Venezuela...........................3.4
Mongolia ............................3.4
Georgia...............................3.3
Bolivia.................................3.3
Mozambique ......................3.2
Chad...................................3.2
Timor-Leste ........................2.7
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
457
458
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.6
Japan..................................5.5
United States .....................5.4
Italy ....................................5.4
Hong Kong SAR .................5.4
Singapore ...........................5.3
Taiwan, China.....................5.3
Finland................................5.3
Canada ...............................5.1
Switzerland ........................5.1
Sweden..............................5.1
Germany ............................4.9
United Kingdom .................4.9
Netherlands........................4.8
Denmark ............................4.8
Bahrain ...............................4.7
China ..................................4.7
Malaysia .............................4.6
Vietnam..............................4.6
Luxembourg.......................4.6
India ...................................4.6
Norway...............................4.6
Austria................................4.6
Korea, Rep. ........................4.5
Indonesia............................4.5
United Arab Emirates.........4.5
France ................................4.4
Belgium..............................4.4
Ireland ................................4.3
Brazil ..................................4.2
Cyprus................................4.2
Sri Lanka ............................4.1
Spain ..................................4.1
South Africa .......................4.1
Czech Republic ..................4.1
Thailand..............................4.1
Qatar ..................................4.0
Australia .............................4.0
Puerto Rico ........................4.0
Kenya .................................4.0
Saudi Arabia .......................3.9
Egypt..................................3.9
Slovenia..............................3.9
Panama ..............................3.9
Mauritius ............................3.9
Chile ...................................3.9
Jordan ................................3.9
Guatemala..........................3.8
Iceland................................3.8
Israel ..................................3.8
Pakistan..............................3.8
Colombia ............................3.8
Turkey.................................3.8
Mexico ...............................3.8
Oman .................................3.8
Cambodia ...........................3.7
New Zealand ......................3.7
Portugal..............................3.7
Gambia, The.......................3.7
Philippines..........................3.6
Costa Rica ..........................3.6
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.6
Nigeria................................3.6
Dominican Republic ...........3.5
Tanzania..............................3.5
Bangladesh ........................3.5
Barbados ............................3.5
Slovak Republic..................3.4
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Malta ..................................3.4
Peru....................................3.4
Kuwait ................................3.4
Argentina............................3.4
Brunei Darussalam.............3.4
Zambia ...............................3.4
Namibia ..............................3.3
Tunisia ................................3.3
Kazakhstan .........................3.3
Estonia ...............................3.3
Senegal ..............................3.2
Honduras............................3.2
Morocco.............................3.2
El Salvador .........................3.2
Jamaica ..............................3.2
Malawi ...............................3.2
Lesotho ..............................3.1
Georgia...............................3.1
Ukraine...............................3.1
Greece ...............................3.1
Uruguay..............................3.1
Libya...................................3.0
Russian Federation ............3.0
Ethiopia ..............................3.0
Lithuania.............................3.0
Cte dIvoire ......................3.0
Nepal..................................3.0
Mozambique ......................3.0
Ghana.................................3.0
Nicaragua ...........................2.9
Botswana ...........................2.9
Hungary..............................2.9
Romania .............................2.9
Guyana ...............................2.9
Suriname............................2.9
Timor-Leste ........................2.9
Poland ................................2.9
Madagascar........................2.9
Croatia................................2.8
Zimbabwe ..........................2.8
Bulgaria ..............................2.8
Macedonia, FYR.................2.8
Uganda...............................2.8
Azerbaijan...........................2.8
Burundi...............................2.8
Latvia..................................2.8
Ecuador ..............................2.8
Mauritania ..........................2.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.8
Serbia .................................2.7
Benin..................................2.6
Syria ...................................2.6
Chad...................................2.6
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.6
Armenia..............................2.6
Mongolia ............................2.6
Mali ....................................2.6
Tajikistan.............................2.6
Cameroon ..........................2.5
Paraguay ............................2.5
Montenegro .......................2.4
Bolivia.................................2.4
Albania ...............................2.4
Algeria ................................2.4
Burkina Faso ......................2.4
Venezuela...........................2.3
SCORE
MEAN: 3.6
On what is based the competitive advantage of your countrys companies in international markets? (1 = on low-cost or natural resources; 7 = on
unique products and processes) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.6
Germany ............................6.4
Switzerland ........................6.4
Japan..................................6.3
Denmark ............................6.1
Finland................................6.1
Sweden..............................6.0
Israel ..................................5.8
Austria................................5.8
Netherlands........................5.8
Belgium..............................5.7
France ................................5.6
Italy ....................................5.6
Singapore ...........................5.5
Luxembourg.......................5.5
United Kingdom .................5.5
United States .....................5.5
Korea, Rep. ........................5.4
Ireland ................................5.3
Hong Kong SAR .................5.2
Barbados ............................5.2
Taiwan, China.....................4.9
Cyprus................................4.8
Puerto Rico ........................4.8
Norway...............................4.8
United Arab Emirates.........4.4
Slovenia..............................4.4
Jamaica ..............................4.4
Iceland................................4.4
Malta ..................................4.3
Spain ..................................4.2
Malaysia .............................4.2
Costa Rica ..........................4.1
Panama ..............................4.0
Indonesia............................4.0
Czech Republic ..................3.9
Greece ...............................3.9
Sri Lanka ............................3.8
Australia .............................3.8
Saudi Arabia .......................3.8
Mauritius ............................3.8
Armenia..............................3.7
Azerbaijan...........................3.7
Lithuania.............................3.7
El Salvador .........................3.7
Lesotho ..............................3.7
Jordan ................................3.6
Kuwait ................................3.6
Canada ...............................3.6
Montenegro .......................3.6
Brunei Darussalam.............3.6
Portugal..............................3.6
Estonia ...............................3.6
Poland ................................3.6
Nigeria................................3.5
Gambia, The.......................3.5
Hungary..............................3.5
Croatia................................3.5
Botswana ...........................3.5
Philippines..........................3.5
Namibia ..............................3.5
China ..................................3.5
Tunisia ................................3.5
Thailand..............................3.5
Latvia..................................3.4
Timor-Leste ........................3.4
Kenya .................................3.4
India ...................................3.4
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Oman .................................3.4
Egypt..................................3.3
New Zealand ......................3.3
Colombia ............................3.3
Guatemala..........................3.2
Cambodia ...........................3.2
Mexico ...............................3.2
Burundi...............................3.2
Turkey.................................3.2
Zambia ...............................3.2
Burkina Faso ......................3.2
Kazakhstan .........................3.2
South Africa .......................3.1
Georgia...............................3.1
Morocco.............................3.1
Benin..................................3.1
Bulgaria ..............................3.0
Romania .............................3.0
Chad...................................3.0
Senegal ..............................3.0
Guyana ...............................3.0
Brazil ..................................3.0
Chile ...................................3.0
Mongolia ............................2.9
Uganda...............................2.9
Pakistan..............................2.9
Tajikistan.............................2.9
Dominican Republic ...........2.9
Peru....................................2.9
Uruguay..............................2.9
Tanzania..............................2.9
Slovak Republic..................2.9
Qatar ..................................2.9
Honduras............................2.8
Bahrain ...............................2.8
Russian Federation ............2.8
Malawi ...............................2.8
Vietnam..............................2.8
Ghana.................................2.8
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.8
Ukraine...............................2.8
Albania ...............................2.8
Nepal..................................2.8
Serbia .................................2.7
Mali ....................................2.7
Mozambique ......................2.7
Madagascar........................2.7
Ecuador ..............................2.7
Mauritania ..........................2.7
Trinidad and Tobago ...........2.6
Cte dIvoire ......................2.6
Syria ...................................2.6
Algeria ................................2.6
Zimbabwe ..........................2.6
Cameroon ..........................2.6
Ethiopia ..............................2.6
Nicaragua ...........................2.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.5
Argentina............................2.5
Macedonia, FYR.................2.5
Suriname............................2.5
Paraguay ............................2.4
Bangladesh ........................2.4
Bolivia.................................2.3
Libya...................................2.3
Venezuela...........................2.1
SCORE
MEAN: 3.6
459
460
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.7
Germany ............................6.2
Japan..................................6.1
Switzerland ........................6.0
Sweden..............................5.9
France ................................5.9
Netherlands........................5.6
Austria................................5.6
Denmark ............................5.6
Finland................................5.5
Hong Kong SAR .................5.4
United States .....................5.4
Singapore ...........................5.4
Korea, Rep. ........................5.4
Italy ....................................5.3
United Kingdom .................5.2
Taiwan, China.....................5.2
Belgium..............................5.1
Luxembourg.......................4.8
Ireland ................................4.8
Slovenia..............................4.7
Czech Republic ..................4.7
Malaysia .............................4.7
Poland ................................4.6
Spain ..................................4.6
Israel ..................................4.5
India ...................................4.4
Mauritius ............................4.4
United Arab Emirates.........4.4
Saudi Arabia .......................4.3
Costa Rica ..........................4.3
Iceland................................4.3
Tunisia ................................4.3
Lithuania.............................4.3
Sri Lanka ............................4.2
Indonesia............................4.2
Puerto Rico ........................4.2
Cyprus................................4.1
Canada ...............................4.1
Malta ..................................4.1
Norway...............................4.1
Turkey.................................4.0
Thailand..............................4.0
Portugal..............................4.0
Slovak Republic..................3.9
Barbados ............................3.9
China ..................................3.9
Hungary..............................3.9
Guatemala..........................3.8
Senegal ..............................3.8
Morocco.............................3.8
Estonia ...............................3.8
Jordan ................................3.8
New Zealand ......................3.8
Mexico ...............................3.8
El Salvador .........................3.8
Colombia ............................3.7
Brazil ..................................3.7
Greece ...............................3.7
Panama ..............................3.7
Chile ...................................3.7
Philippines..........................3.6
Dominican Republic ...........3.6
Azerbaijan...........................3.6
Jamaica ..............................3.6
Gambia, The.......................3.6
Kenya .................................3.6
Oman .................................3.6
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Romania .............................3.5
Pakistan..............................3.5
Montenegro .......................3.5
Kuwait ................................3.5
Egypt..................................3.5
Honduras............................3.5
Peru....................................3.4
Bulgaria ..............................3.4
Uruguay..............................3.4
Vietnam..............................3.4
Australia .............................3.4
Croatia................................3.3
Latvia..................................3.3
Macedonia, FYR.................3.3
Syria ...................................3.3
Bahrain ...............................3.3
Lesotho ..............................3.3
South Africa .......................3.3
Guyana ...............................3.2
Burundi...............................3.2
Benin..................................3.2
Georgia...............................3.2
Ukraine...............................3.2
Ecuador ..............................3.2
Russian Federation ............3.1
Serbia .................................3.1
Argentina............................3.1
Cte dIvoire ......................3.1
Kazakhstan .........................3.1
Chad...................................3.0
Madagascar........................3.0
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.0
Bangladesh ........................3.0
Cambodia ...........................3.0
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.0
Armenia..............................3.0
Nepal..................................3.0
Mali ....................................2.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.9
Tajikistan.............................2.9
Bolivia.................................2.9
Botswana ...........................2.9
Burkina Faso ......................2.9
Nigeria................................2.9
Cameroon ..........................2.9
Mozambique ......................2.8
Qatar ..................................2.8
Tanzania..............................2.8
Nicaragua ...........................2.8
Albania ...............................2.8
Ethiopia ..............................2.7
Malawi ...............................2.7
Zambia ...............................2.7
Paraguay ............................2.7
Ghana.................................2.7
Timor-Leste ........................2.7
Uganda...............................2.7
Namibia ..............................2.6
Brunei Darussalam.............2.6
Suriname............................2.3
Algeria ................................2.3
Zimbabwe ..........................2.3
Mongolia ............................2.3
Mauritania ..........................2.2
Libya...................................2.2
Venezuela...........................2.0
SCORE
MEAN: 3.7
To what extent are international distribution and marketing from your country owned and controlled by domestic companies? (1 = not at all, they
take place through foreign companies; 7 = extensively, they are primarily owned and controlled by domestic companies) | 20082009 weighted
average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
Germany ............................5.5
Japan..................................5.4
Switzerland ........................5.4
Iceland................................5.2
United States .....................5.2
Austria................................5.1
Sweden..............................5.1
France ................................5.1
Saudi Arabia .......................5.0
Cyprus................................4.9
Netherlands........................4.9
United Arab Emirates.........4.9
Denmark ............................4.9
Taiwan, China.....................4.8
Syria ...................................4.8
Finland................................4.8
United Kingdom .................4.7
Sri Lanka ............................4.7
Slovenia..............................4.6
Senegal ..............................4.6
Hong Kong SAR .................4.6
New Zealand ......................4.6
Belgium..............................4.6
Korea, Rep. ........................4.6
Lithuania.............................4.6
Brazil ..................................4.6
Norway...............................4.5
Kuwait ................................4.5
Oman .................................4.5
Chile ...................................4.5
Malaysia .............................4.5
Mauritius ............................4.5
Canada ...............................4.5
Australia .............................4.5
Bahrain ...............................4.5
Turkey.................................4.5
Jordan ................................4.5
South Africa .......................4.4
Indonesia............................4.4
Italy ....................................4.4
Azerbaijan...........................4.4
Poland ................................4.4
Luxembourg.......................4.3
India ...................................4.3
China ..................................4.3
Spain ..................................4.3
Tunisia ................................4.2
Gambia, The.......................4.2
Nigeria................................4.2
Montenegro .......................4.2
Kenya .................................4.2
Malta ..................................4.2
Ireland ................................4.2
Costa Rica ..........................4.2
Greece ...............................4.2
Dominican Republic ...........4.2
Portugal..............................4.1
Kazakhstan .........................4.1
Estonia ...............................4.1
Singapore ...........................4.0
El Salvador .........................4.0
Thailand..............................4.0
Colombia ............................4.0
Philippines..........................4.0
Panama ..............................4.0
Egypt..................................4.0
Mauritania ..........................4.0
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Ethiopia ..............................3.9
Mexico ...............................3.9
Uruguay..............................3.9
Guatemala..........................3.9
Macedonia, FYR.................3.9
Guyana ...............................3.9
Croatia................................3.9
Israel ..................................3.9
Ukraine...............................3.9
Barbados ............................3.9
Brunei Darussalam.............3.8
Romania .............................3.8
Ecuador ..............................3.8
Pakistan..............................3.8
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.8
Argentina............................3.8
Morocco.............................3.8
Russian Federation ............3.8
Malawi ...............................3.8
Peru....................................3.8
Suriname............................3.8
Vietnam..............................3.7
Honduras............................3.7
Czech Republic ..................3.7
Georgia...............................3.7
Albania ...............................3.7
Slovak Republic..................3.7
Tanzania..............................3.7
Qatar ..................................3.7
Bulgaria ..............................3.6
Puerto Rico ........................3.6
Cameroon ..........................3.6
Libya...................................3.6
Hungary..............................3.6
Tajikistan.............................3.6
Ghana.................................3.6
Namibia ..............................3.6
Mali ....................................3.6
Botswana ...........................3.6
Serbia .................................3.6
Bolivia.................................3.6
Latvia..................................3.6
Paraguay ............................3.6
Nicaragua ...........................3.6
Cte dIvoire ......................3.5
Armenia..............................3.5
Jamaica ..............................3.5
Burundi...............................3.5
Zimbabwe ..........................3.5
Uganda...............................3.4
Venezuela...........................3.4
Zambia ...............................3.4
Benin..................................3.4
Mozambique ......................3.4
Madagascar........................3.4
Cambodia ...........................3.4
Algeria ................................3.3
Nepal..................................3.3
Burkina Faso ......................3.3
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.2
Bangladesh ........................3.2
Chad...................................3.2
Lesotho ..............................3.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....3.0
Timor-Leste ........................3.0
Mongolia ............................3.0
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
461
462
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
Japan..................................6.4
Germany ............................6.4
Switzerland ........................6.3
Sweden..............................6.2
Finland................................6.0
Netherlands........................6.0
Denmark ............................5.9
United States .....................5.9
Austria................................5.8
Belgium..............................5.8
France ................................5.7
Norway...............................5.7
Singapore ...........................5.6
Iceland................................5.6
Taiwan, China.....................5.6
Qatar ..................................5.5
Luxembourg.......................5.4
Ireland ................................5.3
United Kingdom .................5.3
Canada ...............................5.3
Korea, Rep. ........................5.1
Israel ..................................5.1
Australia .............................5.1
Puerto Rico ........................5.0
New Zealand ......................4.9
Hong Kong SAR .................4.9
Czech Republic ..................4.7
Italy ....................................4.7
United Arab Emirates.........4.7
Saudi Arabia .......................4.7
Brazil ..................................4.6
Spain ..................................4.5
Malaysia .............................4.5
Chile ...................................4.5
Slovenia..............................4.5
Cyprus................................4.4
Slovak Republic..................4.4
Estonia ...............................4.4
Oman .................................4.3
Portugal..............................4.3
South Africa .......................4.3
Malta ..................................4.3
India ...................................4.3
Costa Rica ..........................4.2
Poland ................................4.1
Turkey.................................4.1
Azerbaijan...........................4.1
Bahrain ...............................4.0
Tunisia ................................3.9
China ..................................3.9
Sri Lanka ............................3.9
Jordan ................................3.9
Kuwait ................................3.8
Mauritius ............................3.8
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.8
Egypt..................................3.8
Panama ..............................3.8
Hungary..............................3.8
Lithuania.............................3.7
Indonesia............................3.7
Barbados ............................3.7
Kazakhstan .........................3.7
Greece ...............................3.7
Argentina............................3.6
Morocco.............................3.6
Thailand..............................3.6
Mexico ...............................3.6
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Namibia ..............................3.6
Latvia..................................3.6
Guatemala..........................3.5
Colombia ............................3.5
Ukraine...............................3.5
Vietnam..............................3.5
Romania .............................3.4
Uruguay..............................3.4
Russian Federation ............3.4
Peru....................................3.4
Albania ...............................3.4
Croatia................................3.3
Montenegro .......................3.3
Senegal ..............................3.3
Syria ...................................3.3
Philippines..........................3.2
Nigeria................................3.2
Tajikistan.............................3.2
Pakistan..............................3.2
Kenya .................................3.2
Libya...................................3.2
El Salvador .........................3.2
Dominican Republic ...........3.2
Brunei Darussalam.............3.2
Bulgaria ..............................3.2
Honduras............................3.1
Lesotho ..............................3.1
Jamaica ..............................3.1
Mongolia ............................3.0
Suriname............................3.0
Macedonia, FYR.................3.0
Armenia..............................2.9
Mozambique ......................2.9
Georgia...............................2.9
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.9
Botswana ...........................2.9
Algeria ................................2.8
Venezuela...........................2.8
Ecuador ..............................2.8
Cte dIvoire ......................2.8
Guyana ...............................2.8
Serbia .................................2.8
Zambia ...............................2.8
Cambodia ...........................2.8
Tanzania..............................2.8
Gambia, The.......................2.7
Nicaragua ...........................2.7
Cameroon ..........................2.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.7
Bolivia.................................2.7
Benin..................................2.6
Timor-Leste ........................2.6
Madagascar........................2.6
Paraguay ............................2.6
Ghana.................................2.6
Mali ....................................2.5
Ethiopia ..............................2.5
Bangladesh ........................2.5
Mauritania ..........................2.4
Burundi...............................2.4
Zimbabwe ..........................2.4
Nepal..................................2.4
Malawi ...............................2.3
Burkina Faso ......................2.3
Uganda...............................2.3
Chad...................................2.2
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
In your country, to what extent do companies use sophisticated marketing tools and techniques? (1 = very little; 7 = extensively) | 20082009
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.2
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Uruguay..............................4.2
Hungary..............................4.2
Kenya .................................4.2
Mauritius ............................4.2
Croatia................................4.1
Jamaica ..............................4.1
Albania ...............................4.1
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.1
Vietnam..............................4.1
Namibia ..............................4.1
Romania .............................4.0
Oman .................................4.0
Morocco.............................4.0
Azerbaijan...........................4.0
Colombia ............................3.9
Cte dIvoire ......................3.9
Kazakhstan .........................3.9
Egypt..................................3.8
Honduras............................3.8
Ukraine...............................3.8
Ecuador ..............................3.8
Russian Federation ............3.8
Nigeria................................3.8
Pakistan..............................3.7
Venezuela...........................3.6
Brunei Darussalam.............3.6
Mongolia ............................3.5
Bulgaria ..............................3.5
Tanzania..............................3.5
Georgia...............................3.5
Cameroon ..........................3.5
Macedonia, FYR.................3.5
Zambia ...............................3.5
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.5
Paraguay ............................3.4
Ghana.................................3.4
Madagascar........................3.4
Serbia .................................3.4
Nicaragua ...........................3.4
Mozambique ......................3.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....3.3
Gambia, The.......................3.3
Bolivia.................................3.3
Suriname............................3.3
Bangladesh ........................3.2
Guyana ...............................3.2
Cambodia ...........................3.2
Syria ...................................3.2
Lesotho ..............................3.1
Zimbabwe ..........................3.1
Armenia..............................3.1
Libya...................................3.1
Malawi ...............................3.1
Benin..................................3.0
Botswana ...........................3.0
Tajikistan.............................3.0
Algeria ................................2.8
Mali ....................................2.8
Uganda...............................2.7
Burundi...............................2.7
Burkina Faso ......................2.7
Nepal..................................2.6
Ethiopia ..............................2.6
Timor-Leste ........................2.4
Chad...................................2.4
Mauritania ..........................2.3
SCORE
MEAN: 4.2
463
464
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
Sweden..............................6.2
Denmark ............................5.9
Netherlands........................5.8
Norway...............................5.7
United States .....................5.4
Finland................................5.4
Switzerland ........................5.3
Germany ............................5.2
New Zealand ......................5.2
Canada ...............................5.1
Luxembourg.......................5.1
Austria................................5.0
Australia .............................5.0
Belgium..............................5.0
Iceland................................4.9
Japan..................................4.8
United Kingdom .................4.8
United Arab Emirates.........4.8
Singapore ...........................4.8
Malaysia .............................4.6
Ireland ................................4.6
Costa Rica ..........................4.6
Slovak Republic..................4.6
Estonia ...............................4.5
South Africa .......................4.5
Indonesia............................4.5
Kuwait ................................4.5
Bahrain ...............................4.5
Puerto Rico ........................4.4
Montenegro .......................4.4
Egypt..................................4.4
Czech Republic ..................4.4
Saudi Arabia .......................4.3
Guatemala..........................4.3
Panama ..............................4.3
India ...................................4.3
Philippines..........................4.2
Slovenia..............................4.2
Hong Kong SAR .................4.2
Brazil ..................................4.2
Gambia, The.......................4.2
France ................................4.2
Taiwan, China.....................4.2
Sri Lanka ............................4.2
El Salvador .........................4.1
Israel ..................................4.1
Spain ..................................4.1
Chile ...................................4.1
Namibia ..............................4.1
Mauritius ............................4.0
Oman .................................4.0
Cyprus................................4.0
Nigeria................................4.0
Jordan ................................4.0
Malta ..................................3.9
Kenya .................................3.9
Lithuania.............................3.9
Azerbaijan...........................3.9
Peru....................................3.9
Argentina............................3.9
Tanzania..............................3.9
Poland ................................3.9
Barbados ............................3.9
Zimbabwe ..........................3.9
China ..................................3.9
Portugal..............................3.8
Colombia ............................3.8
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Brunei Darussalam.............3.8
Honduras............................3.7
Ghana.................................3.7
Uruguay..............................3.7
Dominican Republic ...........3.7
Latvia..................................3.7
Korea, Rep. ........................3.7
Guyana ...............................3.7
Thailand..............................3.6
Mexico ...............................3.6
Nicaragua ...........................3.6
Vietnam..............................3.6
Tunisia ................................3.6
Lesotho ..............................3.6
Croatia................................3.6
Ethiopia ..............................3.6
Jamaica ..............................3.5
Romania .............................3.5
Pakistan..............................3.5
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.5
Malawi ...............................3.5
Botswana ...........................3.5
Zambia ...............................3.4
Syria ...................................3.4
Kazakhstan .........................3.4
Ecuador ..............................3.4
Greece ...............................3.4
Turkey.................................3.3
Venezuela...........................3.3
Senegal ..............................3.3
Albania ...............................3.3
Russian Federation ............3.3
Macedonia, FYR.................3.2
Serbia .................................3.2
Paraguay ............................3.2
Ukraine...............................3.2
Bolivia.................................3.2
Mozambique ......................3.2
Morocco.............................3.2
Georgia...............................3.1
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.1
Suriname............................3.1
Tajikistan.............................3.1
Cambodia ...........................3.1
Uganda...............................3.1
Italy ....................................3.0
Bulgaria ..............................3.0
Hungary..............................3.0
Qatar ..................................3.0
Bangladesh ........................2.9
Timor-Leste ........................2.9
Nepal..................................2.9
Mali ....................................2.9
Madagascar........................2.9
Cte dIvoire ......................2.8
Burundi...............................2.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.8
Armenia..............................2.8
Benin..................................2.7
Cameroon ..........................2.7
Algeria ................................2.6
Chad...................................2.6
Libya...................................2.5
Mauritania ..........................2.5
Mongolia ............................2.5
Burkina Faso ......................2.3
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
Data Tables
Section XII
Innovation
465
466
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.3
Japan..................................5.9
Germany ............................5.9
Switzerland ........................5.8
Sweden..............................5.7
Finland................................5.6
United States .....................5.5
Denmark ............................5.3
Israel ..................................5.2
France ................................5.1
Netherlands........................4.9
Austria................................4.8
Belgium..............................4.8
Taiwan, China.....................4.8
Norway...............................4.8
Korea, Rep. ........................4.7
United Kingdom .................4.7
Slovenia..............................4.5
Singapore ...........................4.4
Luxembourg.......................4.4
Canada ...............................4.4
Czech Republic ..................4.2
China ..................................4.2
Iceland................................4.2
New Zealand ......................4.1
Malaysia .............................4.1
Australia .............................4.0
Italy ....................................3.9
Brazil ..................................3.9
Azerbaijan...........................3.9
Ireland ................................3.8
Saudi Arabia .......................3.7
Ukraine...............................3.7
Vietnam..............................3.7
Spain ..................................3.7
India ...................................3.6
South Africa .......................3.6
Estonia ...............................3.6
Portugal..............................3.6
United Arab Emirates.........3.5
Cyprus................................3.5
Costa Rica ..........................3.5
Russian Federation ............3.5
Hong Kong SAR .................3.4
Indonesia............................3.4
Kenya .................................3.3
Turkey.................................3.3
Nigeria................................3.3
Hungary..............................3.3
Sri Lanka ............................3.3
Kazakhstan .........................3.3
Tunisia ................................3.3
Croatia................................3.2
Lithuania.............................3.2
Puerto Rico ........................3.2
Slovak Republic..................3.1
Pakistan..............................3.1
Poland ................................3.1
Bahrain ...............................3.1
Thailand..............................3.1
Chile ...................................3.1
Malta ..................................3.1
Colombia ............................3.0
Guatemala..........................3.0
Romania .............................3.0
Uruguay..............................3.0
Armenia..............................3.0
Senegal ..............................3.0
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Latvia..................................3.0
Argentina............................2.9
Philippines..........................2.9
Montenegro .......................2.9
Tajikistan.............................2.9
Bulgaria ..............................2.9
Jordan ................................2.9
Lesotho ..............................2.8
Gambia, The.......................2.8
Barbados ............................2.8
Cameroon ..........................2.8
Mongolia ............................2.8
Mexico ...............................2.8
Madagascar........................2.8
Serbia .................................2.8
Burkina Faso ......................2.8
Peru....................................2.8
Kuwait ................................2.7
Macedonia, FYR.................2.7
Oman .................................2.7
Morocco.............................2.7
Timor-Leste ........................2.7
Dominican Republic ...........2.7
Brunei Darussalam.............2.7
Cambodia ...........................2.6
Honduras............................2.6
Mauritius ............................2.6
Botswana ...........................2.6
Egypt..................................2.6
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.6
Suriname............................2.6
Guyana ...............................2.6
Panama ..............................2.6
Greece ...............................2.6
Benin..................................2.6
Jamaica ..............................2.6
Uganda...............................2.6
Mauritania ..........................2.6
Ethiopia ..............................2.6
Nicaragua ...........................2.5
Tanzania..............................2.5
Qatar ..................................2.5
El Salvador .........................2.5
Chad...................................2.5
Malawi ...............................2.5
Namibia ..............................2.5
Ecuador ..............................2.5
Zambia ...............................2.5
Burundi...............................2.5
Bolivia.................................2.4
Mozambique ......................2.4
Georgia...............................2.4
Albania ...............................2.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.3
Mali ....................................2.3
Bangladesh ........................2.3
Cte dIvoire ......................2.3
Venezuela...........................2.3
Nepal..................................2.2
Ghana.................................2.2
Syria ...................................2.2
Algeria ................................2.2
Paraguay ............................2.2
Trinidad and Tobago ...........2.2
Zimbabwe ..........................2.2
Libya...................................2.1
SCORE
MEAN: 3.3
How would you assess the quality of scientific research institutions in your country? (1 = very poor; 7 = the best in their field
internationally) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.9
Switzerland ........................6.2
United States .....................6.2
Israel ..................................6.0
United Kingdom .................5.9
Germany ............................5.8
Sweden..............................5.7
Netherlands........................5.7
Belgium..............................5.7
Denmark ............................5.7
Australia .............................5.7
Canada ...............................5.7
Singapore ...........................5.6
Finland................................5.6
New Zealand ......................5.4
Japan..................................5.3
Ireland ................................5.3
France ................................5.2
Taiwan, China.....................5.2
Czech Republic ..................5.1
Norway...............................5.1
Austria................................5.1
Korea, Rep. ........................5.0
Hungary..............................5.0
Iceland................................4.9
India ...................................4.9
Slovenia..............................4.9
Estonia ...............................4.8
Malaysia .............................4.7
South Africa .......................4.7
Costa Rica ..........................4.6
Portugal..............................4.6
Qatar ..................................4.6
Puerto Rico ........................4.6
Hong Kong SAR .................4.4
China ..................................4.4
Luxembourg.......................4.3
Saudi Arabia .......................4.3
Barbados ............................4.3
Azerbaijan...........................4.3
Kenya .................................4.3
Brazil ..................................4.2
Russian Federation ............4.2
Indonesia............................4.2
Spain ..................................4.2
Sri Lanka ............................4.1
Lithuania.............................4.1
Montenegro .......................4.1
Poland ................................4.1
Tunisia ................................4.1
Croatia................................4.1
Jamaica ..............................4.1
Cyprus................................4.1
United Arab Emirates.........4.1
Serbia .................................4.0
Senegal ..............................3.9
Ukraine...............................3.9
Chile ...................................3.9
Burkina Faso ......................3.9
Argentina............................3.8
Thailand..............................3.8
Trinidad and Tobago ...........3.8
Panama ..............................3.8
Oman .................................3.8
Vietnam..............................3.7
Mexico ...............................3.7
Latvia..................................3.7
Uganda...............................3.7
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Ghana.................................3.7
Malta ..................................3.7
Jordan ................................3.7
Turkey.................................3.6
Mali ....................................3.6
Botswana ...........................3.6
Tanzania..............................3.6
Bulgaria ..............................3.6
Uruguay..............................3.6
Greece ...............................3.6
Gambia, The.......................3.6
Italy ....................................3.6
Kazakhstan .........................3.6
Pakistan..............................3.6
Romania .............................3.5
Kuwait ................................3.5
Zambia ...............................3.5
Mauritius ............................3.5
Slovak Republic..................3.5
Colombia ............................3.5
Tajikistan.............................3.5
Malawi ...............................3.5
Macedonia, FYR.................3.4
Libya...................................3.4
Cte dIvoire ......................3.3
Namibia ..............................3.3
Burundi...............................3.2
Benin..................................3.2
Guatemala..........................3.2
Brunei Darussalam.............3.2
Armenia..............................3.2
Mozambique ......................3.2
Morocco.............................3.2
Egypt..................................3.2
Philippines..........................3.2
Venezuela...........................3.1
Cameroon ..........................3.1
Zimbabwe ..........................3.0
Mongolia ............................3.0
Cambodia ...........................3.0
Bangladesh ........................3.0
Madagascar........................3.0
Syria ...................................3.0
Algeria ................................3.0
Bahrain ...............................2.9
Lesotho ..............................2.9
Ethiopia ..............................2.9
Nigeria................................2.9
Suriname............................2.9
Nicaragua ...........................2.9
Peru....................................2.9
Honduras............................2.8
Guyana ...............................2.8
Dominican Republic ...........2.8
Chad...................................2.8
Georgia...............................2.7
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.6
El Salvador .........................2.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.6
Nepal..................................2.5
Albania ...............................2.5
Ecuador ..............................2.5
Bolivia.................................2.5
Mauritania ..........................2.3
Timor-Leste ........................2.2
Paraguay ............................1.9
SCORE
MEAN: 3.9
467
468
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.3
Switzerland ........................6.0
Japan..................................5.9
Sweden..............................5.9
Germany ............................5.8
United States .....................5.6
Denmark ............................5.5
Finland................................5.3
Singapore ...........................5.1
Taiwan, China.....................5.0
Korea, Rep. ........................4.9
Israel ..................................4.9
Netherlands........................4.8
France ................................4.8
United Kingdom .................4.7
Belgium..............................4.6
Luxembourg.......................4.6
Austria................................4.4
Norway...............................4.4
Malaysia .............................4.3
Australia .............................4.2
Ireland ................................4.2
Canada ...............................4.2
China ..................................4.2
Iceland................................4.1
Czech Republic ..................4.1
Slovenia..............................3.9
Vietnam..............................3.8
Indonesia............................3.8
Brazil ..................................3.8
United Arab Emirates.........3.8
New Zealand ......................3.8
Costa Rica ..........................3.8
Hong Kong SAR .................3.7
Saudi Arabia .......................3.6
South Africa .......................3.6
India ...................................3.6
Kenya .................................3.6
Cyprus................................3.6
Spain ..................................3.6
Nigeria................................3.5
Sri Lanka ............................3.5
Italy ....................................3.4
Tunisia ................................3.3
Estonia ...............................3.3
Portugal..............................3.3
Russian Federation ............3.3
Thailand..............................3.3
Lesotho ..............................3.2
Croatia................................3.2
Puerto Rico ........................3.2
Panama ..............................3.2
Lithuania.............................3.2
Malta ..................................3.2
Egypt..................................3.2
Slovak Republic..................3.2
Chile ...................................3.2
Poland ................................3.2
Senegal ..............................3.1
Montenegro .......................3.1
Kazakhstan .........................3.1
Philippines..........................3.1
Oman .................................3.1
Guatemala..........................3.1
Qatar ..................................3.0
Azerbaijan...........................3.0
Mauritius ............................3.0
Barbados ............................3.0
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Ukraine...............................3.0
Uruguay..............................3.0
Brunei Darussalam.............3.0
Madagascar........................2.9
Colombia ............................2.9
Botswana ...........................2.9
Romania .............................2.9
Argentina............................2.9
Turkey.................................2.9
Jamaica ..............................2.9
Mexico ...............................2.9
Benin..................................2.9
Pakistan..............................2.8
Cambodia ...........................2.8
Mali ....................................2.8
Cameroon ..........................2.8
Namibia ..............................2.8
Hungary..............................2.8
Guyana ...............................2.8
Bahrain ...............................2.8
Tanzania..............................2.8
Malawi ...............................2.8
Peru....................................2.7
Chad...................................2.7
Burkina Faso ......................2.7
Mozambique ......................2.7
Bulgaria ..............................2.7
Latvia..................................2.7
Morocco.............................2.7
Mauritania ..........................2.7
Trinidad and Tobago ...........2.7
Algeria ................................2.7
Kuwait ................................2.6
Greece ...............................2.6
Suriname............................2.6
Uganda...............................2.6
Timor-Leste ........................2.6
Dominican Republic ...........2.6
Gambia, The.......................2.6
Cte dIvoire ......................2.6
Jordan ................................2.6
Honduras............................2.6
Serbia .................................2.6
Zimbabwe ..........................2.6
Mongolia ............................2.6
Zambia ...............................2.6
Macedonia, FYR.................2.6
Armenia..............................2.5
El Salvador .........................2.5
Nicaragua ...........................2.5
Ethiopia ..............................2.5
Tajikistan.............................2.5
Ecuador ..............................2.5
Burundi...............................2.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.4
Venezuela...........................2.4
Georgia...............................2.3
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.3
Albania ...............................2.3
Nepal..................................2.2
Paraguay ............................2.2
Libya...................................2.2
Bangladesh ........................2.2
Syria ...................................2.2
Bolivia.................................2.2
Ghana.................................2.1
SCORE
MEAN: 3.3
To what extent do business and universities collaborate on research and development (R&D) in your country? (1 = do not collaborate at all;
7 = collaborate extensively) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.6
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Jordan ................................3.4
Italy ....................................3.4
Mozambique ......................3.3
Gambia, The.......................3.3
Uganda...............................3.3
Romania .............................3.3
Zambia ...............................3.3
Brunei Darussalam.............3.3
Poland ................................3.3
Kazakhstan .........................3.3
Macedonia, FYR.................3.3
Tanzania..............................3.3
Slovak Republic..................3.3
Serbia .................................3.3
Dominican Republic ...........3.3
Malawi ...............................3.3
Panama ..............................3.2
Burundi...............................3.2
Latvia..................................3.2
Nigeria................................3.2
Tajikistan.............................3.2
Philippines..........................3.2
Greece ...............................3.2
Mauritius ............................3.2
Pakistan..............................3.1
Burkina Faso ......................3.1
El Salvador .........................3.1
Venezuela...........................3.1
Egypt..................................3.1
Madagascar........................3.1
Mongolia ............................3.1
Kuwait ................................3.1
Mali ....................................3.0
Bahrain ...............................3.0
Bulgaria ..............................3.0
Namibia ..............................3.0
Peru....................................3.0
Honduras............................2.9
Suriname............................2.9
Lesotho ..............................2.9
Zimbabwe ..........................2.9
Cambodia ...........................2.9
Ethiopia ..............................2.9
Nicaragua ...........................2.9
Benin..................................2.8
Morocco.............................2.8
Armenia..............................2.8
Libya...................................2.8
Cameroon ..........................2.8
Guyana ...............................2.7
Ghana.................................2.6
Chad...................................2.6
Algeria ................................2.6
Bolivia.................................2.5
Georgia...............................2.5
Syria ...................................2.5
Ecuador ..............................2.5
Bangladesh ........................2.4
Cte dIvoire ......................2.4
Nepal..................................2.4
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.4
Mauritania ..........................2.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.3
Timor-Leste ........................2.3
Paraguay ............................2.3
Albania ...............................2.2
SCORE
MEAN: 3.6
469
470
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.6
Singapore ...........................5.5
United Arab Emirates.........5.2
Luxembourg.......................4.9
United States .....................4.8
Qatar ..................................4.7
Finland................................4.7
Taiwan, China.....................4.7
Denmark ............................4.6
Malaysia .............................4.6
Tunisia ................................4.6
Vietnam..............................4.5
Oman .................................4.5
China ..................................4.4
Sweden..............................4.4
Korea, Rep. ........................4.4
Azerbaijan...........................4.3
Portugal..............................4.3
Bahrain ...............................4.3
Cyprus................................4.3
Iceland................................4.3
Malta ..................................4.2
Saudi Arabia .......................4.2
Czech Republic ..................4.2
Switzerland ........................4.2
Canada ...............................4.2
Israel ..................................4.2
Gambia, The.......................4.2
Hong Kong SAR .................4.2
Poland ................................4.2
Norway...............................4.1
Netherlands........................4.1
Brunei Darussalam.............4.1
Montenegro .......................4.1
Indonesia............................4.1
Belgium..............................4.1
Estonia ...............................4.0
France ................................4.0
Costa Rica ..........................4.0
Senegal ..............................4.0
Botswana ...........................4.0
Mali ....................................4.0
Australia .............................4.0
United Kingdom .................4.0
Colombia ............................4.0
Germany ............................3.9
Barbados ............................3.9
Benin..................................3.9
Jordan ................................3.9
Japan..................................3.9
Panama ..............................3.9
Madagascar........................3.9
Sri Lanka ............................3.9
Burkina Faso ......................3.8
Chile ...................................3.8
Austria................................3.8
Mozambique ......................3.8
New Zealand ......................3.8
Thailand..............................3.7
Ireland ................................3.7
Brazil ..................................3.7
Slovenia..............................3.7
Kazakhstan .........................3.6
Dominican Republic ...........3.6
Kenya .................................3.6
Ethiopia ..............................3.6
Spain ..................................3.6
Tajikistan.............................3.6
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
India ...................................3.6
Russian Federation ............3.6
Uruguay..............................3.5
Malawi ...............................3.5
Egypt..................................3.5
Mauritius ............................3.5
Morocco.............................3.5
Romania .............................3.4
Cambodia ...........................3.4
Tanzania..............................3.4
South Africa .......................3.4
Lesotho ..............................3.4
Albania ...............................3.4
El Salvador .........................3.4
Honduras............................3.4
Burundi...............................3.4
Mongolia ............................3.4
Ukraine...............................3.3
Serbia .................................3.3
Pakistan..............................3.3
Cte dIvoire ......................3.3
Turkey.................................3.3
Puerto Rico ........................3.3
Greece ...............................3.3
Uganda...............................3.3
Mexico ...............................3.3
Croatia................................3.3
Georgia...............................3.3
Guatemala..........................3.3
Bulgaria ..............................3.3
Jamaica ..............................3.2
Libya...................................3.2
Lithuania.............................3.2
Zambia ...............................3.2
Latvia..................................3.2
Namibia ..............................3.2
Peru....................................3.2
Cameroon ..........................3.2
Macedonia, FYR.................3.2
Chad...................................3.2
Timor-Leste ........................3.2
Mauritania ..........................3.1
Syria ...................................3.1
Slovak Republic..................3.0
Guyana ...............................3.0
Nicaragua ...........................3.0
Kuwait ................................3.0
Nigeria................................3.0
Ghana.................................3.0
Trinidad and Tobago ...........2.9
Hungary..............................2.9
Philippines..........................2.9
Italy ....................................2.8
Argentina............................2.8
Algeria ................................2.8
Suriname............................2.8
Armenia..............................2.8
Ecuador ..............................2.8
Nepal..................................2.7
Bangladesh ........................2.7
Paraguay ............................2.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....2.6
Venezuela...........................2.5
Kyrgyz Republic .................2.5
Zimbabwe ..........................2.5
Bolivia.................................2.3
SCORE
MEAN: 3.6
To what extent are scientists and engineers available in your country? (1 = not at all; 7 = widely available) | 20082009 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
Finland................................6.0
Japan..................................5.9
Sweden..............................5.6
India ...................................5.6
United States .....................5.6
Canada ...............................5.5
Taiwan, China.....................5.5
Iceland................................5.4
Tunisia ................................5.4
Switzerland ........................5.3
France ................................5.3
Ireland ................................5.3
Qatar ..................................5.2
Singapore ...........................5.2
Puerto Rico ........................5.1
Israel ..................................5.1
Belgium..............................5.1
Denmark ............................5.1
Norway...............................5.1
Greece ...............................5.1
Cyprus................................5.0
Netherlands........................5.0
Chile ...................................4.9
Czech Republic ..................4.9
Korea, Rep. ........................4.9
Jordan ................................4.8
Cte dIvoire ......................4.8
United Arab Emirates.........4.7
Costa Rica ..........................4.7
Austria................................4.7
Indonesia............................4.7
United Kingdom .................4.7
Malaysia .............................4.7
Australia .............................4.7
Germany ............................4.6
China ..................................4.6
Spain ..................................4.6
Senegal ..............................4.6
Italy ....................................4.5
Hungary..............................4.5
Nigeria................................4.5
Bahrain ...............................4.5
Syria ...................................4.5
Sri Lanka ............................4.5
Trinidad and Tobago ...........4.5
Portugal..............................4.5
Saudi Arabia .......................4.5
Russian Federation ............4.4
Azerbaijan...........................4.4
Ukraine...............................4.4
Turkey.................................4.4
Slovak Republic..................4.4
Egypt..................................4.3
Thailand..............................4.3
Kenya .................................4.3
Romania .............................4.3
Algeria ................................4.3
Poland ................................4.3
New Zealand ......................4.2
Brazil ..................................4.2
Madagascar........................4.2
Vietnam..............................4.2
Barbados ............................4.2
Morocco.............................4.2
Montenegro .......................4.2
Libya...................................4.2
Estonia ...............................4.2
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
Slovenia..............................4.1
Bangladesh ........................4.1
Lithuania.............................4.1
Cameroon ..........................4.1
Kuwait ................................4.1
Benin..................................4.0
Kazakhstan .........................4.0
Mongolia ............................4.0
Zambia ...............................4.0
Serbia .................................4.0
Hong Kong SAR .................4.0
Luxembourg.......................4.0
Croatia................................3.9
Macedonia, FYR.................3.9
Malta ..................................3.9
Pakistan..............................3.9
Argentina............................3.9
Mali ....................................3.9
Guatemala..........................3.9
Uruguay..............................3.9
Bulgaria ..............................3.9
Colombia ............................3.8
Panama ..............................3.8
Armenia..............................3.7
Uganda...............................3.7
Dominican Republic ...........3.7
Mexico ...............................3.6
Philippines..........................3.6
Georgia...............................3.6
Lesotho ..............................3.6
Ghana.................................3.6
Burkina Faso ......................3.5
Botswana ...........................3.5
Peru....................................3.5
Oman .................................3.5
Tanzania..............................3.5
Latvia..................................3.5
Malawi ...............................3.5
Venezuela...........................3.4
Mauritius ............................3.4
Tajikistan.............................3.3
Honduras............................3.3
Brunei Darussalam.............3.3
Suriname............................3.3
Kyrgyz Republic .................3.3
Cambodia ...........................3.3
Chad...................................3.2
Albania ...............................3.2
Mauritania ..........................3.2
Jamaica ..............................3.2
El Salvador .........................3.1
Nicaragua ...........................3.1
Gambia, The.......................3.1
Nepal..................................3.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina ....3.1
South Africa .......................3.1
Ethiopia ..............................3.1
Mozambique ......................3.1
Zimbabwe ..........................3.0
Bolivia.................................3.0
Namibia ..............................2.8
Ecuador ..............................2.8
Guyana ...............................2.8
Burundi...............................2.8
Paraguay ............................2.8
Timor-Leste ........................2.7
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
471
472
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
HARD DATA
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
82
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
HARD DATA
Thailand .................................0.3
Armenia.................................0.3
Colombia ...............................0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina .......0.3
Azerbaijan..............................0.2
Guatemala .............................0.2
Turkey....................................0.2
Dominican Republic ..............0.2
Tunisia ...................................0.2
Kyrgyz Republic.....................0.2
Philippines .............................0.2
Ecuador .................................0.1
Morocco ................................0.1
Kenya ....................................0.1
Bolivia....................................0.1
Sri Lanka ...............................0.1
Chad ......................................0.1
Kazakhstan ............................0.1
Egypt .....................................0.0
Indonesia...............................0.0
Pakistan.................................0.0
Nigeria ...................................0.0
Albania ..................................0.0
Algeria ...................................0.0
Bahrain ..................................0.0
Bangladesh ...........................0.0
Barbados ...............................0.0
Benin .....................................0.0
Botswana ..............................0.0
Brunei Darussalam................0.0
Burkina Faso .........................0.0
Burundi..................................0.0
Cambodia ..............................0.0
Cameroon .............................0.0
Cte dIvoire..........................0.0
El Salvador ............................0.0
Ethiopia .................................0.0
Gambia, The..........................0.0
Ghana ....................................0.0
Guyana ..................................0.0
Honduras...............................0.0
Jordan ...................................0.0
Lesotho .................................0.0
Libya......................................0.0
Madagascar...........................0.0
Malawi ..................................0.0
Mali .......................................0.0
Mauritania .............................0.0
Mauritius ...............................0.0
Mongolia ...............................0.0
Montenegro ..........................0.0
Mozambique .........................0.0
Nepal .....................................0.0
Nicaragua ..............................0.0
Paraguay ...............................0.0
Peru.......................................0.0
Senegal .................................0.0
Suriname ...............................0.0
Syria ......................................0.0
Tajikistan................................0.0
Tanzania.................................0.0
Timor-Leste ...........................0.0
Uganda ..................................0.0
Vietnam .................................0.0
Zambia ..................................0.0
Zimbabwe .............................0.0
SOURCE: The United States Patent and Trademark Office (June 2009)
Basic indicators
0.01 GDP valued at current prices
Gross domestic product (current prices) in millions of US
dollars | 2008
Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2009);
national sources
0.02 Population
Population in millions | 2008
Source: UNFPA, State of World Population 2008; Economist
Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (June 2009)
3.03 Inflation
Annual percent change in consumer price index
(year average) | 2008
Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2009);
national sources
473
474
475
Jennifer Blanke
Jennifer Blanke is Director, Senior Economist, and Head
of the Global Competitiveness Network at the World
Economic Forum. Since joining the team in 2002, she has
written and lectured extensively on issues related to
national competitiveness and has served as lead editor on
a number of regional and topical competitiveness reports.
From 1998 to 2002, she was Senior Programme Manager
responsible for developing the business, management,
and technology section of the World Economic Forums
Annual Meeting in Davos. Before joining the Forum, Dr
Blanke worked for a number of years as a management
consultant for Eurogroup, Mazars Group in Paris, France,
where she specialized in banking and financial market
organization. Dr Blanke obtained a Master of International
Affairs from Columbia University and an MA and a PhD in
International Economics from the Graduate Institute of
International Studies (Geneva).
Ciara Browne
Ciara Browne is Associate Director of the Global
Competitiveness Network at the World Economic
Forum, where her responsibilities include coordinating the
Executive Opinion Survey process and managing the network of over 150 Partner Institutes worldwide, as well as
providing input into The Global Competitiveness Report
and several of the Forums other benchmarking studies.
She also works closely with the Forums media team in
articulating the findings of the various competitiveness
reports to the media and the public. Before joining the
Forum, she served for several years with the International
Organization for Migration, where she worked for a mass
claims processing program. She has a BA (Hons) degree
from the University of Manchester.
Margareta Drzeniek Hanouz
Margareta Drzeniek Hanouz is Director and Senior
Economist with the Global Competitiveness Network at
the World Economic Forum, where she researches and
writes on issues of national competitiveness, in particular
related to the Arab world, Eastern Europe, and international trade. She is lead author or editor of a number of
regional and topical reports and papers, including The
Global Enabling Trade Report. Previously, she oversaw
the economic modeling for some of the Forums scenario
projects and was charged with developing the economics
section of the program for the World Economic Forums
Annual Meeting in Davos. Before joining the Global
Competitiveness Network, Dr Drzeniek Hanouz worked
for several years with the International Trade Centre in
Geneva, where she was in charge of relations with
Central and Eastern European countries. Dr Drzeniek
Hanouz received a Diploma in Economics from the
University of Mnster and holds a PhD in International
Economics from the University of Bochum, both in
Germany.
Thierry Geiger
Thierry Geiger is Economist and Associate Director within
the Global Competitiveness Network and a Global
Leadership Fellow at the World Economic Forum. His
responsibilities include the development and computation
of a wide range of indexes as well as analysis for a number of regional and topical projects. His main areas of
interest include econometrics, trade, and finance, while
his geographical focus is Asia. He is a co-author of The
Global Competitiveness Report, The Global Information
Technology Report, and The Global Enabling Trade Report.
He is also a contributor to The Financial Development
Report and co-editor of The Ukraine Competitiveness
Report series. A Swiss national, Mr Geiger holds a BA in
Economics from the University of Geneva with a specialization in monetary and financial economics, and an MA
in Economics from the University of British Columbia.
Prior to joining the Forum, he worked for the World Trade
Organization and Caterpillar Inc. He is also Co-founder of
Procab Studio SA, an IT company based in Geneva.
Irene Mia
Irene Mia is Director and Senior Economist with the Global
Competitiveness Network at the World Economic Forum.
She is also responsible for competitiveness research on
Latin America and Iberia. She has written and spoken
extensively on issues related to national competitiveness,
serving as lead author and editor on a number of regional
and topical competitiveness papers and reports; notably,
she is the co-editor of The Global Information Technology
Report series. Before joining the Forum, she worked at
the headquarters of Sudameris Bank in Paris for a number of years, holding various positions in the international
affairs and international trade divisions. Her main research
interests are in the fields of development, international
trade, economic integration (with special reference to the
Latin American region), and competitiveness. Dr Mia
holds an MA in Latin American Studies from the Institute
of Latin American Studies, London University, and a PhD
in International Economic and Trade Law from Bocconi
University.
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Xavier Sala-i-Martin
Xavier Sala-i-Martin is a Professor in the Department of
Economics at Columbia University. He was previously
Associate Professor at the Department of Economics at
Yale University and a Visiting Professor at Universitat
Pompeum Fabra. His research interests include economic
growth, macroeconomics, public finance and social security, health and population economics, monetary economics, poverty, inequality, estimation of the world distribution of income, and measuring competitiveness. He is a
consultant on growth and competitiveness for a number
of countries, international institutions, and corporations.
Professor Sala-i-Martin is a Research Associate at the
National Bureau of Economic Research. He earned his
MA and his PhD in Economics from Harvard University.
He collaborates closely with the World Economic Forum
in his capacity as Chief Advisor to the Global
Competitiveness Network.
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Acknowledgments
The World Economic Forum would like to thank the Africa Commission and
FedEx for their invaluable support of this Report.
The Africa Commission was launched by the Prime Minister of Denmark in 2008 to help Africa
benefit more from globalization. The Commission consisted of Heads of State and governments,
politicians, experts, and representatives from international and regional organizations as well as
the business community, civil society and the academic world. The majority of the
Commissioners were from Africa, which reflected the Commissions overriding commitment to
ensure African ownership of its recommendations and initiatives.
The Africa Commission presented its findings in the report Realising the Potential of Africas
Youth, which was published in May 2009. Drawing on existing analyses and best practices, the
Africa Commission presented specific policy recommendations and launched five international
initiatives aimed at creating jobs for young men and women in Africa through private sector-led
growth and improved competitiveness of African economies. Special emphasis was given to creating decent jobs, fostering entrepreneurship, and providing greater opportunities through education, skills development and access to finance. The Africa Commission is supported by a
Secretariat established within the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
For further information about the Africa Commission and the Danish Ministry of Foreign
Affairs, visit www.africacommission.um.dk.
FedEx continues to support the World Economic Forums annual Global Competitiveness Report,
providing reliable global distribution services.
FedEx is committed to advancing free trade and driving global commerce and economic
development. We support the World Economic Forums dedication to improving the state of the
world by engaging leaders in regulatory, industry, and economic cooperation.
Recently, FedEx looked deeper into factors impacting the global economy, commissioning a
second study by SRI International titled The Dynamic Force of Access: An Update of the
Access Index. The study provides a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the impact of
how people, businesses, and nations access ideas, goods, technology, and markets. The information gleaned from this study is complementary to the insights in the Forums Global
Competitiveness Report. As FedEx continues to explore Access, we look forward to better
understanding how to harness the momentum of the global economy to continue to create positive change around the world.
FedEx Corp. (NYSE: FDX) provides customers and businesses worldwide with a broad portfolio of transportation, e-commerce, and business services. With annual revenues of $35 billion,
the company offers integrated business applications through operating companies competing
collectively and managed collaboratively, under the respected FedEx brand. Consistently ranked
among the worlds most admired and trusted employers, FedEx inspires its more than 280,000
team members to remain absolutely, positively focused on safety, the highest ethical and professional standards, and the needs of their customers and communities.
For more information, visit www.news.fedex.com.
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