SECTION 1 FUNDAMENTALS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

(a) Information processing is the set of activities done in a particular sequence,

by which data produce information with the use of computers and other
technology
(b) 1. Transaction Processing System
2. Management Information System
3. Executive support System
1.TPS a tool for aiding operational managers in performing and recording
the daily routine transactions necessary to conduct business e.g. accounting,
payroll.
2.MIS- a tool for aiding middle managers in monitoring and controlling
business and predicting future performances.

(C)
(i)
(ii)

Two data capture methods that may be used are; 1) Scan 2) Optical
Character Reader / OMR
DATA VALIDATION the validation is performed by a computer program. It
looks at the data to see if it is of a certain type or of a certain range. If the
data is not valid the program stops and lets the operator know only why it
is not acceptable so that it can be checked again.
DATA VERIFICATION- this is the checking for mistakes such as transcripts
errors when data is copied from one medium or device to another entered
data is displayed on the screen and the user is prompted to confirm that it
matches the data on the input form. Data verification checks involve
typing the information twice.
Use of multiple choices on the questionnaires
-OMR involves detecting pencil or ink marks made on a doc. OMR is used
mainly for making multiple choice exam papers, questionnaires and

making up information after electricity or gas meters have been read so

that it can be input directly into the computer.

STRATEGIC
-

used at the top level of

management within an
organisation, i.e. chief
executives or directors
used to make decisions
for the long term using
both internal and
external sources.

TATICAL
-

Used by middle
management, i.e.
employees

they deal with such

matters as who is doing
what and within what
specific budgets and
timescales.

OPERATIONAL
-

Used by the lowest level

i.e. leaders in a large
organization or workers
such as shop assistants,
waiting staff.

Used to minimize costs

and work as quickly and
efficiently as possible.

- day to day
managing

have specific objectives

which drives towards
implementation by
employees.

Text presented as a bulleted list. This is used when concepts can be better
conveyed in words than pictures.
-

Diagrams/ charts These are used mainly for numerical information. Rather
than simply listing numbers, it is better to make then visually appealing by
presenting the information as a bar chart, pie chart etc.

Pictures/Videos it is possible to include videos and pictures can be scanned

in such as company logos and photographs

Slide shows it is possible to develop a slideshow that consists of a series of

slides presented on a computer screen.