,


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 ,
(EACEA, ).

:
/EACEA/, 2015. :
, , . . :
.

ISBN 978-92-9492-010-2
doi: 10.2797/185552
EC-01-15-389-EL-N

(http://ec.europa.eu/eurydice).
2015.
, , 2015
, .

,

Avenue du Bourget 1 (BOU 2 Unit A7) B-1049 Brussels
. +32 2 299 50 58
Fax +32 2 292 19 71
E-mail: eacea-eurydice@ec.europa.eu
: http://eacea.ec.europa.eu/education/eurydice/


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27

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b
240

a
240

b
300

a
300

b
330

a
240

b
240

a
240

b
300

PL

PT

RO

SI

a
180

b
300

a
300

b
300

300

a
210

b
210

a
300

b
300

60

60

100

70

88

60

36

25

25

39

30

30

60

60

39

39

30

30

50

30

32

20

4.8

15

15

ECTS

SK

FI
b

300

300

360

270

180

300

240

360

60

60

90

60

30

30

30

SE

UK (1)

UK-SCT

IS

LI
-

ME

MK

NO

RS

TR

300

240

240

240

240

240

300

240

60

120

60

60

36

84

13

/
UK (1) = UK-ENG/WLS/NIR

: .

: .

, , , .
.
: .
, ,
.
:
. .
, .
: ( )
. , .
.
ISCED 2011 ( ).
.

(BE de): .
. .
(BE nl): , 45 ECTS,
, .
:
18-23 % , 68
( 3 % ). ,
, 189 , .
: :
(Vorbereitungsdienst), 12 24 .
(Erste
Staatsprfung)
. , ECTS
. .
: 70 % 30 %
.
: , 16 ECTS,
.
: ,
(4-6
8-12 ). ECTS
. , 324
. (
) .
24 % .
: , 20 .
: (Iespjam Misija), 2015,

34

 2:

, 650 ,
.
: ,
( 60 ECTS)
.
, ( ) (
). , 60 30
ECTS .
:
. .
12 ( 432 ),
ECTS.
: ( 2) .
( 1) . 1 2
, ,
,
. ,
.
: Neue Mittelschulen
Allgemeinbildende hhere Schulen.
Neue Mittelschulen Hauptschulen.
: 150 45 , ,
ECTS.
:
( ),
. , ,
.
: (Doplujce pedagogick
tdium) 200 ( ) .
40 , ECTS.
: 180 ECTS
( 90 ECTS ) ,
(90 ECTS). 270 ECTS.
(ENG/WLS/NIR): , , ECTS
(PGCE), .
, 120 ,
ECTS. ,
. , 53 %
, 16 % .
(SCT): 18 , 30
ECTS.
: .
. .
: 800 480 ,
ECTS.
: ( ),
. ,
30 ECTS , ,
, 6 ECTS .

,
.
( ), , , ,
, .
,
. ,
.
. ,
, 25 ECTS.
15 ( ), ,
( ), , , , .
, .
,
,
. 13 ( ( ),
, , , , , , ( ),
, ( ), , ,
).

35

 : , ,

,
,
.
(),
, 2011
(5) (6).
.
, (SCITT).
,
.
. ,

.
. .
(PGCE).
(), (
30 2015/16),
,
. ,
, .
.

,
:
, (Meritlrer) 25 ,
,
. 150
ECTS .
(),
. ,
.
2000, , ,
(/).
(2012/13),
(2001/02), (2010/11), ( , 2008/09), (2007/08),
( , 2011/12), (2012/13). ,
( ) 2012/13, (
) 2002/03. , 2009/10, ,
, . , ,
( ), 2013/14, 2009/10
. ( 2016/17
).
, 2011/12,
ECTS 30 19.
2014/15, ,
(300 ECTS) ( 60 108 ECTS)
( 24 48 ECTS). 2016/17, ,
, .
(330 ECTS), 60 ECTS .
, ,
(2009/10), (2013/14), (2010/11), (2012/13).
80 90 ECTS 2013/14. 2007/08.
( 2007/08),
(2009/10), (2010/11). 30 50 ECTS 2013/14 (concurrent
model), 15 24 2013/14 ( ), 2007/08.
, 2008/09 .
, ,
, . ,
2014/15 ( 39 30 ECTS).
(5)
(6)

https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/175363/DFE-00054-2011.pdf
[ 15 2015].
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/181154/DFE-00083-2011.pdf
[ 15 2015].

36

 2:

TALIS 2013
( 2.1
7

) ( ). , 92,5 %

(ISCED 5A, (ISCED 6)
2011). 5,4 %
(ISCED 5B), 2 %
.
( 2.1)
TALIS 2013, .

(10 %). 45,2 % 60
,

.
, 10 %
30 , , , , . ,
, ,
( ).
,
,
.
. , ,
.
,
.

, .

2.1.2.
,
TALIS 2013,
. 2.2, 91,2 %
.
, 99,4 %
71,4 % . , ,
.
, 563/2004
, 31 2014.
1 2015 50 .
, 1970 1980,
.
, 1990,
. .
(7)

TALIS ISCED 1997,

2.1 ISCED 2011 ( ,
). ,
ISCED 1997 (ISCED 5B),
(ISCED 6) ISCED 2011,
. , , ,
2004/05, 85,4 % TALIS 2013
( ISCED 5B),
(ISCED 6) ISCED 2011.

37

 : , ,

2.2: (ISCED 2)
, 2013

: , TALIS 2013 ( 2.2 ).

:
96,9 % (0,51) .

,
,
( 2.3 ),
.
, , ,
. ,
.
, ,
, ,
. , ,
, , , , , ,
, , , , , (),
.
, 30
.
, , , , .
,
( 2.2).
, ,
30 TALIS 2013. , ,
,
30 .

, ,
( 2.4
). ,
8

, ( ).

(8)

(2014), . 43-45.

38

 2:

2.1.3. ,
. ,

, (
2.1.1). ,
( ) (
2.1.1). ,
,
:

:
.

():
,
, .

: , ,
,

.
,

.

,
.

2.3,
(,
) 80 % ,
.
2.3: (ISCED 2)
, 2013

: , TALIS 2013 ( 2.5 ).

, ,
75 % , 63,2 % 53,3 % .
, , ,
,
( 2.2).

39

 : , ,

, ,
, ,
(
2.6 ) .
( ), , , , , ,
(), , 90 %
,
, . , ,

.
, .
,
.
.
, ( 2009/10)
,
70 %.

, ,

,
. ( 2.7
) , , ( 2.3).

2.1.4.
, ,
, ,
. 2.4

,
. ,
. ,
. ,

( ),

( 3).
,
. , ,
,
.
, -
,
,
.
,
.
,

40

 2:

, .
: 62,3 % 47,6 % (), 41,4 %
27,5 % (), 46,4 % 31,9 % (). ,
.
2.4: (ISCED 2).
,
, , 2013

::

: , TALIS 2013 ( , 2.8 ).

, 95,5 % ,

, 87,8 % , 87,5 %
.
, .
.
, , , , , ,
, ,

, .
.
,

.
, , . ,
, ( ), , , ,
, , , , , , .
, ,

.
, . , ,
, , , , , ,
, , .
, ,

, .
.

, ,
. ,
.

41

 : , ,

, ,
.

( ) (OECD 2014, . 37).

2.2.

,
,
, , .


,
9
( ).

2.2.1.
, , ,
10
( ).

,
.
,
.
, ,
, , .
. , ,

. (
) (
).
,
, .
2.5, , ,
, (), . ,

.
, .
, , , ,
, , ,
.
,
, .
(9)

SEC (2010) 538 .

. , . 9.
:
http://ec.europa.eu/education/policy/school/doc/handbook0410_en.pdf [ 15 2015].
(10) ,
(OECD
2014, . 88-93).

42

 2:

, ,
,
.
2.5:
(ISCED 2),
, 2013/14

: .
BE fr

BE de

BE nl

BG

CZ

DK

DE

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

IS

LI

SE

UK- UK-WLS UK-NIR UK-SCT

ENG
1
1
1
1
1

EE

IE

1-3
1
1

NL

AT

PL

EL

1
1
1

ME

MK

1
1

ES

4
3
-1
PT
RO
1

FR

SI

HR

SK

1
1

NO

RS

TR

IT

1
1

FI

: .

.
,
. ,
, . , ,
, ,
. ,
.
.

: ,
. ( ) (
), .
: .
: ,
.
: , .
: .
, ,
, .
: 2014/15, , ,
, .
(SCT): , ,
.
,
.

43

 : , ,

. ,
( ) ,
.
2000, (2010/11), (2012/13), (2012/13),
(2011/12), (2008/09). ,
2012/13, .
, 2015/16.

, ,

, .
,
, ( ,
) Vorbereitungsdienst (
, ), remunerated preparatory service at school of between one
and two years, again depending on the Land), (Zweite Staatsprfung).
,
.
, .
.
, ,
.

, ,
, . ,
, ( 1,
1.5), . ,
. ,

.

2.5
. TALIS 2013,
,
. ,
, TALIS
,
.
2.6 ,
.
,
.
60 %
.
( ), , , , ,
().
(), 81,1 % 92,9 % .
,
( 2.5).
, ,

44

 2:

.
.
,
, .
, , , , , , ,
, ,
30 %. ,
. ,
,
2011/12.
2.6:
(ISCED 2,
, 2013

: , TALIS 2013 ( 2.9 ).

. 2.10 ( )
, TALIS 2013.
,
, .
:

( )

( ),
.

2.7, 40

, .
, .
,
.
, ,
.
,
, ,
.
, .
TALIS 2013, , ,
.

45

 : , ,

, , .
,
.
(12.9) (14.5).

2.7:
(ISCED 2) ,
, 2013

40
5

5

(
15.000 )
( 400
)

: , TALIS 2013 ( 2.10 ).

, .

, , ( 15.000 )
, , , ,
. , ( 400 )
,
.

TALIS 2013,
, , ,
. 2.8

. ,
, . ,

,
. ,

.

:
/ . .

46

 2:

, 89,6 %
, 88,5 % .
,
(61,1 %). ,

(63,7 %) (60,9 %).
2.8: (ISCED 2)
,
, 2013
A

B
/
/
F

C /
G

D
H

: , TALIS 2013 ( 2.11 ).

60,8 %
. (83,3 %
) (, 86,4 % ).
(28,5 %), (32,2 %), (27,9 %),
(18,7 %) .
( 40,8 %
), / (37,5 %),
(34,8 %), (29,2 %), (26,0 %).
.
,

47

 : , ,

, ,
. (
), ( ,
), ( ).
2.8,
. ,
.

2.2.2.


( 2.5),
.
2.9:
(ISCED 2), ,
2013/14

: .

.
, .
.

: .
, , , , :
.
: .
.
: ,
. 2015/16,
.
: ,
.
:
. 2015/16, .

48

 2:

,
, . ,
, , , , ,
, , , , , , ,
(, ), ,
, . , ,
,
.
( ),
.
, (nauczyciel staysta)
. ,
(nauczyciel kontraktowy) . (nauczyciel
mianowany), ( ).
.
( ),
.

, ,
, (),
. ,
.

,
. , , , , ,
, , , , . ,
.
,
,
.
2000,
(2012/13), (2012/13), (2008/09).
, , 2011, 1.000
. , ,
, , .

TALIS 2013, , ,
,
. ,
,
, .

11

( ).

, , ,

, ,
.
(11)

(2014), . 93-96.

49

 : , ,

2.10 ,
.
.
,
.
, 28,2 %, 30
30-39
(9,2 %). ,
30. , ,
TALIS 2013, ,
.
30 ,
.
(44,7 %), ,
(
).
2.10: , ,
(ISCED 2), , , , 2013
< 30

30-39

40-49

50-59

60

< 30

30-39

40-49

50-59

60

: , TALIS 2013 ( 2.12 ).

30
30 % . , (),
, ,
( 2.9), .
30 %,
.

50

 2:

,
10 %: (
60 ), ().
, ,
30 . ,
.

2.11 ,
TALIS 2013, , .
.
2.11:
(ISCED 2), 2013

40
5

5

(
15.000 )
( 400
)

: , TALIS 2013 ( 2.13 ).

, .

( )

( ),
.

,
.
17 ,
13 . , ,
, , ,
( 2.10).
40 ,
, ()
,
.

51

 : , ,

, ,
,
. , , , , ,
. , ,

,
.

.
( 15.000 )
( 400 )
,
, .

,
.

2.2.3. , ,

.
,
. ,
.
, 2014-15
(Mentoring zanajcch uitel), ,
, .
,
. 2014,
(Lektoi a mentoi pro
koly LAMS),
.
,
, ,
160 , .
, .
20
(NIPT). ,
(www.teacherinduction.ie).
, 2010-2013, 1.000 ,
,
(Inovatva un praks balstta pedagogu izgltbas ieguve un mentoru profesionl pilnveide),
. ,
72 , .
, / -
.
, 2010/11 2011/12,
, . 2012/13,
().
. .

TALIS 2013,
.
TALIS 2013, ,
, .

52

 2:

2.12, .
:

( )

,


( ),
.

2.12: , ,
(ISCED 2), 2013

10

5

40

(
15.000 )
( 400
)

: , TALIS 2013 ( 2.14 ).

, .

13 .
(2014, .96), , , ,
,

.
,
.
14 ,
, ,
.

. 10 ,
10 , 11
. ,
, , . 40

53

 : , ,

(, , ,
),
.

. ,
, .
( 15.000 )
, ( 400 ), ,
.
,
. ,

, , .

54

 3:
()
.
1

2014 ( ),
,
.

, ,
.

,
,
, .
TALIS 2013 (, 2014)
, ,
.
,
.

, .
,
.

, , , ,
, TALIS
2013,
. ,
TALIS 2013, , ,
,
, , . ,
,
.

3.1.

.
3.1,
, ( ), ,
() . ,
, , , ,
, , . ,
,
. ,
.

(1)

. , ,
. , 20 2014.

55

 : , ,

3.1: ,
(ISCED 2), 2013

: , TALIS 2013 ( 3.1 ).

, ,
, TALIS 2013, 42
. 0 14 , 15 28, 29 42.

3.1.1.
3.2,
. U,

40-49 . , , ,
.
, .
, ,
,
60 , , ,
, , (), . ,
, , , , ,
. ,
60
. , , 6,1
(<30)
60 , 8 .
,
60 ( ),
.
( ), , (),
, .
(
3.3 ).
( 3.2)
,

, - .

56

 3:

3.2: ,
(ISCED 2), , 2013
( )

( )

( )

( )

: , TALIS 2013 ( 3.2 ).

, ,
, TALIS 2013, 42
. 0 14 , 15 28, 29 42.

, ,
.
, ,
. , ,
40-49 31,5 % ( 1.3 )
,
30 , 4,2 %
. , ,
30 30-39 ,
50 % .

3.1.2.

. TALIS 2013
: 1)
( ) 2)
3) 4)
5)
. .

,
, . As
3.3,
, 6
.

57

 : , ,

3.3: (ISCED 2),

, 14
, , 2013

21.0

4.6

19.1

7.1

24.6

5.8

24.7

13.2

29.2

9.0

31.5

7.7

30.8

9.2

28.9

11.8

31.5

10.7

35.0

9.8

37.1

11.9

36.6

16.4

(
& )

38.9

18.1

37.5

20.1

: , TALIS 2013 ( 3.4 ,

).

,
( 3.4). ,
,
40-49 , ,
14 ( 3.2).
.

, ,
60
30 .

58

 3:

3.4: (ISCED 2),

, , 14
, , 2013
%

( & )

: , TALIS 2013 ( 3.5 ,

).

,

. ,
60
. , ,
. , . ,
60
.
30 30-39 15
, 40-49.
( 30 ) 50-60 .
, ,
60 . , ,
,
.

59

 : , ,

3.1.3.

.
:
1) , , 2) , 3) , 4) ,
5) .
( 3.6 3.6 ).
, 60 %

, ,
. ,
,
.
,
, ,
,
,
.

3.1.4.
, ,
3.1.2
. ,
TALIS 2013
. 3.7 , ,

2
( ). ,
, ,
,
. ,

,
. 40 %
( 3.3),
, , .

( 3.5).
(20,8 %), (11,3 %), (19,4 %)
(10,6 %), ,
(-10,6 %), (-12 %), (-13 %).

, (22,6 % 32,2 % ),
, ,
(24,5 % 16,2 % ). ,
(20,1 %).
,
,
18,4 %
. ,
(-18,6 % -26,7 % ).
(2)

, ,
, .

60

 3:

3.5:
(ISCED 2)
, , 2013

: , TALIS 2013 ( 3.7 ).

, ,
10 % -10 %
.

,

, , ,
, , ,
, , .

61

 : , ,

.

. ,

,
,
( 2, 2.1.4).
, ,
.

,
,
.

3.1.5.
, , ; ,
: (1) (
) (2) (3)
. 3.6,
, . , ,
,
. 10
( ), , , , , , ,
,
, ,
. ,
, ,
. ,
,
, .
,
,
, .
3.6:
(ISCED 2), , 2013/14

62

: .

 3:

()
,
.
,
. , , ,
, , , ,

.
, (Programme National de Formation
PNF)
acadmies (Plans Acadmiques de Formation PAF).
, . ,
.
, ,
, ,
, . ,
,
.

( ), , ,
(, , ), ,
, . (,
, ),
.
(, , , , , ,
, , , , ),
.
,
,
. ,
, .
, .

, ,
, , .
,
, ,
. ,
, .
, ,
.
, ,
. ,
. ,

.
, ,
. ,
.
, .
.

, 3.1,
,
(r=0.58).

63

 : , ,

,
. ,
,
.
, ,
.

,
(r=0.65), (r=0.52),
(r=0.41)
(r=0.82). , , ,
, ,
. , ,

. , ,
.

, ( ),

,
. , , 3.7,
,
.
3.7:
(ISCED 2), , 2013/14

: .

: .

,
: ,
, , , , , ,
,
( ), , ,
, ( ),
,
,
, ,
. ( ), ,

64

 3:

. ,
,
.
,
. ,
( ), ,

. ,
. ,
,
.
, ,
.
, . , ,
,
. , ,
,
, ,
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,
:
, , , ,
, , .
,
. , , ,

.
(, , ),
,
. ,
. , ,
,
, -
, ,
, .
13 , . ,
.
,
, .
2012, , ,
(Onderwijscoperatie).
, ,
. , 2017
, , .
, ( )
.
(), ,
2014, . ,
(CLPL),
, ,
(GTCS).

65

 : , ,

3.2.
TALIS 2013 (, 2014) ,

12 , .

,

. ,
.
3.8:
, 2013

: .

3.2.1. :
,
TALIS 2013, 65 %

,
( 3.9).
,
,
, , , ,
.
, , , ,
().
,
. ,
. ,
.
( 3.8 ),
. , ,
, .
, , , 50 %

, 62,6. , 50 %
. ,
, , ,
(39,1 %),
50 % ,
, .

66

 3:

3.9: (ISCED 2)
12
, , 2013
%
,

9,4

,

, ,

11,5

14,2

17,1

/
,

28,7

29,6

32,4

34,8

65,0
%

: , TALIS 2013 ( 3.8 ,

).

,
,
.

,

, 3.6, (r=0.57)
, ,
(r=0.49). ,

(r=0.52).

.
.
, , 14
TALIS 2013. 3.9
, , , ,
, ( ), ,
.
, (
3.3), ,
.

67

 : , ,

3.2.2.
.

, .
,
.
( , ),
, ,
, .
,
, .
TALIS 2013,
,
, ,
.
, ,

. , ,
, , ,
.


,
.
3.10: (ISCED 2)


, 12 , 2013

Y =

Y =

X =

X =
: , TALIS 2013 ( 3.9 3.10 ).

, 3.10, 3.10
. 10 11
, , . , (
) .

68

 3:

3.10 ,
,
,
. ,
,
TALIS 2013
. ,
.
. ,

. , ( ,
, , , ),
,
, , , , , (),
.
, ,
. ,
. , (,
, , ) ,
( ) .

.
,
,

. , ,

. ,
TALIS 2013 , 14 , 50-60 %
( 3.4 ), ,
, 76 %.
, ,
. , ,
. ,

. , ,
,
. ,
. 60 70 %
14 ,
70 % .
. ,
. ,

, ,
, .

3.2.3.
, ,
.
, , ,
, ,
.

69

 : , ,

3.11, 29
.
, .
,
(, , , ,
, , , , , ). 8
68 . ,
,
. ( )
, ,
.
, . (),
, , 35
, , ,
.
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,
BE
BE
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
fr
de
nl

32
20
14
12
8

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

18

15

25/50

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HU
13

IS

LI

NO

TR

MK

ME

RS

68

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.

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: (r=-0,47)
(r=0.48)

. , , ,
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.
, 3.1, 50 %

.
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71

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25 %, 45 %
. ,
,
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72

 3:

3.12: (ISCED 2)

, 12 ,
,
, 2013

38,3

13,1

26,2

13,3

37,9

13,3

42,1

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57,6

32,9

44,8

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40,8

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).

,
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73

 : , ,

3.13: (ISCED 2)
, 12
, , ,
2013

18,6

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19,6

3,7

16,8

6,6

28,1

6,1

22,3

12,0

27,1

8,3

27,5

10,6

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8,0

29,2

9,4

34,1

9,3

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( &
)

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, ,
.

.
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.
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74

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(European Commission/EACEA/Eurydice, 2014a, 5.5, .96),
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,
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,
, .
,

( 3.17 ).
, ,
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, ,

, , ,
.

,
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, , , 10
,
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Eurostat, EU-LFS [edat_lfse_14], ( 2014)

http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&language=en&pcode=tsdsc410&plugin=1

75

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).
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, , 2013/14
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)

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76

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77

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78

 3:

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79

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.

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80

 3:

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TALIS (, 2014),
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4
7 TALIS 2013 ( )
5

, , ( ).

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(ISCED 2), 2013

: , TALIS 2013 ( 3.20 ,

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81

 : , ,

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(ISCED 2), 2013

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: , TALIS 2013 ( 3.20 ,

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82

 3:

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(ISCED 2), 2013

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83

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2
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12 2009
( 2020), OJ C 119, 28.05.2009, . 3.
, OJ C 372, 20.12.2011, . 33.
() . 1288/2013 11 2013
Erasmus+: , ,
. 1719/2006/EK, . 1720/2006/ . 1298/2008/EK,
OJ L 347, 20.12.2013, . 52.

85

 : , ,

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TALIS 2013 22 , 19
. , ,

. , TALIS
2013 17 , 19
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4.1.
TALIS 2013,
:

/ ;
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.
4.1, 27,4 %
.
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4.1: (ISCED 2)
, 2013

: , TALIS 2013 ( 4.1 ).

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( 4.2 ).

. , ,
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(40,0 ),

86

 4:

.
, , ,
49,9, 46,3 46,5 , 46,6, 42,3 41,3
).

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2013
.
4.2: (ISCED 2)
,
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( )

: , TALIS 2013 ( 4.3 ).

4.2 , TALIS
2013, , ,
. , 12,4 %
, 5,9 %
, 3,6 % . ,
, , ,
( 4.1),
,
26,2 % () 54,1 % ().
, ( ) ,
.
,
( 4.1).
(22,8 %),
(
15,7 % , 9,8 %
).
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, ,
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87

 : , ,

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), (5,9 ), (5,4 ), (7,6 ).
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: , TALIS 2013 ( 4.4 ).

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4.4,
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.
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.

88

 4:

4.4: (ISCED 2)
, , 2013
A

A B , E
: , TALIS 2013 ( 4.5 ).

, , 40 %

,
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/Eurostat, 2012, . 18 . 47).
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(
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89

 : , ,

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4.4, ,
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.

4.4.
4.5 ,
. 2013,
.
,
4.5 .

44,2 % , .
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.
, 39,6 %
.
.

, 37,8 %
.


. ,
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,
, ,
.
20,4 %
. ( 37,9 %
),
(57,6 %).
20 % ( 4.1).

90

 4:

,
, 8,1 %
.
4.5:
(ISCED 2), , 2013
A

91

: , TALIS 2013 ( 4.5 ).

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 : , ,

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(ISCED 2), 2013/14

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.

92

 4:

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.

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.
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(5)

http://www.minedu.fi/export/sites/default/OPM/Julkaisut/2012/liitteet/okm03.pdf?lang=en [ 15 2015].

93

 : , ,

4.7: (ISCED 2)
, , 2013
%

: , TALIS 2013 ( 4.7 ).

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,
.
.
.

10,9 %
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(25,8 %). , , ,
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94

 4:

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. , ,
TALIS 2013,
, ( 4.10).
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15.000

():
12 .
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TALIS 2013 .

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1.

2.

12

3.

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11 .
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( 4.4). , ,

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.

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95

 : , ,

4.8: ,
, (ISCED 2), 2013

12

10

: , TALIS 2013 ( 4.8 ).

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11
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. (2008, . 118)

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TALIS 2013. ,
10
. , , ,
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96

 4:

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1.7).
40 (36,6),
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19
TALIS 2013 .
.
,
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,
(
).
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, , ,
, 2013

%

10,1

7,5

9,5

42,2

1,8

1,4

6,2

21,4

: , TALIS 2013 ( 4.9 ).

(ISCED 2) (
) ( ), .
,
.

4.9,
(
19,6 % 8,0 % ). , , ,
,
. ,
However when this
factor is placed under the control of all others and especially that of teaching a foreign language
( 4.8 ).
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(56,8 %
56,3 % ), ,
(22,5 %, 18,4 % ) ( 4.9).
,
( ), , , , , ,
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.

97

 : , ,

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, ,
(ISCED 2), 2013
= BE nl, CZ, DK, EE, ES, FR, HR, IT, CY, LV, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, FI, SE, IS, NO

( )

( 6.1)

IS

12

FR

( 1.2)

13 :

10

( 1.3)

CZ, EE, FR, HR, CY, LV, NL, PL, RO, SK, FI, SE, IS
and to BE nl but with reverse trend

( )

7 :
BE nl, CZ, DK, FR, NL, PL, and SK

7 :
CZ, ES, NL, FI, SE, IS, and NO
IT

6 :
EE, FR, HR, PL, RO, and FI
DK

(
15.000 )

5 :
CZ, CY, PL, RO, and SK

: , TALIS 2013 ( 4.8 ).

: 19 TALIS 2013,
.
, .
11
.
4.8

.

98

 4:

, , , , ,
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99

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.

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101

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(ISCED 2), 2013/14

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, ,
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102

 5:
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2011 2012 .

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(1)

Donaldson, G., 2011. Teaching Scotland's Future Report of a review of teacher education in Scotland. [pdf]
: http://www.gov.scot/Publications/2011/01/13092132/0 [ 30 2015].

103

 : , ,

.
.

5.2.1. TALIS
TALIS 2013, 90,2 %
, 90,1 % . , 18,4 %

2
( ).
(8,5 %), (4,9 %), (9,6 %), (4 %),
(5 %). ,

( 5.1 ).

, , ,
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, 30-39 19,8 %. ,
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50-59, 60 .

, ,
.
27,5 %, 15,5 % 11 15
( 5.3. ). 15 ,
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: 90,5 % 89,5 %
,
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5.4 ). , ,
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.
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(2)

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104

 5:

. , , ,
,
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. ISCED 2 ,
.
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, 2013/14

: .

,

. , ,
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, ,
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,
.

105

 : , ,
2013,
.
, 16.000 , 70 %

.
2013 ,
,
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.
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.
2014
,
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7.000
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.
2013, , ,
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30 .
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, .
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107

 : , ,
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.

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2015,
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.
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108

 5:

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109

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110

 5:

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TALIS 2013,
(
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, ,
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.

. , ,
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, .
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.
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, , 2013

89,3
91,9

88,3
93,3

87,7
92,1

86,7
92,7

86,5
93,6

85,5
94,4

86,9
92,4

86,0
92,8

89,5
89,1

89,7
90,2

86,2
91,7

83,2
92,6

89,3
91,1

87,8
92,6

: , TALIS 2013 ( 5.5.. 5.5.. ,

).

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.
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111

 : , ,

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(18,4 %),
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.
5.6: (ISCED 2)
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15,7
24,3

14,9
21,4

15,4
21,7

14,2
21,6

17,2
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128

European Commission, 2013. Study on Policy Measures to Improve the Attractiveness of the
Teaching Profession in Europe, Vol. I. Final report. [Online] : http://bookshop.europa.eu/
en/study-on-policy-measures-to-improve-the-attractiveness-of-the-teaching-profession-in-europepbNC3112379/ [Accessed 15 June 2015].
European Commission, 2013. Study on Policy Measures to Improve the Attractiveness of the
Teaching Profession in Europe, Vol. II. Final report. [Online] :
http://bookshop.europa.eu/ en/study-on-policy-measures-to-improve-the-attractiveness-of-theteaching-profession-in-europe- pbNC0113029/ [ 15 2015].
European Commission/EACEA/Eurydice/Eurostat, 2012. Key Data on Teaching Languages at School
in Europe. 2012 Edition. [Online] : http://bookshop.europa.eu/en/key-data-on-teachinglanguages-at-school-in-europe-pbECXA12001/ [ 15 2015].
European Commission/EACEA/Eurydice, 2014a. Tackling Early Leaving from Education and Training
in Europe: Strategies, Policies and Measures. [Online] : http://bookshop.europa.eu/en/
tackling-early-leaving-from-education-and-training-in-europe-pbEC0414859/[

15
2015].
European Commission/EACEA/Eurydice, 2014b. Teachers' and school heads' salaries and
allowances in Europe, 2013/14. [Online] : http://bookshop.europa.eu/en/teachers-andschool-heads-salaries-and-allowances-in-europe-2013-14-pbECAM15001/ [ 15
2015].
European Commission/EACEA/Eurydice, 2015. Assuring Quality in Education: Policies and
Approaches to School Evaluation in Europe. [Online] : http://bookshop.europa.eu/en/
assuring-quality-in-education-pbEC0414939/ [ 15 2015].
European Parliament, 2008. Mobility of School Teachers in the European Union. Study. [pdf]
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/etudes/join/2008/408964/IPOL
:
CULT_ET(2008) 408964_EN.pdf [ 15 2015].
OECD, 2014. TALIS 2013 Results. An International Perspective on Teaching and Learning. Paris:
OECD.

129

Avenue du Bourget 1 (BOU2)

B-1049 Brussels
(http://ec.europa.eu/eurydice)

Arlette Delhaxhe

Peter Birch (), Marie-Pascale Balcon,

Olga Borodankova, Olga Ducout,
Shuveta Sekhri

Christian Monseur

Patrice Brel

Gisle De Lel

131

 : , ,

Eurydice-Informationsstelle
Bundesministerium fr Bildung und Frauen
Abt. Internationale multilaterale Angelegenheiten
Minoritenplatz 5
1014 Wien
Contribution of the Unit: Joint responsibility

Eurydice Unit
Centre for International Cooperation in Education
Dm zahranin spoluprce
Na Po 1035/4
110 00 Praha 1
Contribution of the Unit: Joint responsibility;
expert: Pavel imek

Unit Eurydice de la Fdration Wallonie-Bruxelles

Ministre de la Fdration Wallonie-Bruxelles
Direction des relations internationales
Boulevard Lopold II, 44 Bureau 6A/008
1080 Bruxelles
Contribution of the Unit: Joint responsibility

Eurydice Unit
The Agency for Higher Education
Bredgade 43
1260 Kbenhavn K
Contribution of the Unit: The Danish Agency for Higher
Education and the Danish Ministry of Education

Eurydice Vlaanderen
Departement Onderwijs en Vorming/

Afdeling Strategische Beleidsondersteuning

Hendrik Consciencegebouw
Koning Albert II-laan 15
1210 Brussel
Contribution of the Unit: Eline De Ridder (coordination);
experts from the Flemish Department of Education and
Training: Liesbeth Hens, Marc Leunis, Elke Peeters and
Isabelle Erauw

Eurydice Unit
Analysis Department
Ministry of Education and Research
Munga 18
50088 Tartu
Contribution of the Unit: Kersti Kaldma (coordination);
expert: Vilja Saluveer (Teacher Education Department,
Ministry of Education and Research)

Eurydice-Informationsstelle der Deutschsprachigen

Gemeinschaft
Autonome Hochschule in der DG
Monschauer Strasse 57
4700 Eupen
Contribution of the Unit: Thomas Ortmann and
Stphanie Nix

Eurydice Unit
Finnish National Board of Education
P.O. Box 380
00531 Helsinki
Contribution of the Unit: Kristiina Volmari, Hanna Laakso
and Timo Kumpulainen

Ministry of Civil Affairs
Department for Education B&H
Trg BiH 3
71000 Sarajevo
Contribution of the Unit: Milijana Lale

National Agency for European Educational Programmes

and Mobility
Porta Bunjakovec 2A-1
1000 Skopje
Contribution of the Unit: Joint responsibility

Eurydice Unit
Human Resource Development Centre
Education Research and Planning Unit
15, Graf Ignatiev Str.
1000 Sofia
Contribution of the Unit: Svetomira Apostolova
Kaloyanova (expert)

Unit franaise dEurydice

Ministre de l'ducation nationale, de lEnseignement
suprieur et de la Recherche
Direction de lvaluation, de la prospective et de la
performance
Mission aux relations europennes et internationales
61-65, rue Dutot
75732 Paris Cedex 15
Contribution of the Unit: experts: Maria Camila Porras
Rivera (economist); Cline HEIN (research analyst,
Ministry of National Education, Higher Education and
Research)

Ministarstvo znanosti, obrazovanja i sporta

Donje Svetice 38
10000 Zagreb
Contribution of the Unit: Duje Bonacci

Eurydice Unit
Ministry of Education and Culture
Kimonos and Thoukydidou
1434 Nicosia
Contribution of the Unit: Christiana Haperi;
expert: Yiannis Ioannou (Department of Secondary
General Education, Ministry of Education and Culture)

132

Acknowledg eme nts

Eurydice-Informationsstelle des Bundes

EU Bureau of the German Ministry for Education and
Research, PT-DLR
Rosa-Luxemburg-Str.2
10178 Berlin

Informationsstelle Eurydice
Schulamt des Frstentums Liechtenstein
Austrasse 79
Postfach 684
9490 Vaduz
Contribution of the Unit: National Eurydice Information
Centre

Eurydice-Informationsstelle der Lnder im Sekretariat der

Kultusministerkonferenz
Graurheindorfer Strae 157
53117 Bonn
Contribution of the Unit: Thomas Eckhardt and
Brigitte Lohmar

Eurydice Unit
National Agency for School Evaluation
Didlaukio 82
08303 Vilnius
Contribution of the Unit: Audron Albina Razmantien
(expert)

, &
37 ( 2172)
15180 ()
: ,

Unit nationale d'Eurydice

ANEFORE ASBL
58, boulevard Grande-Duchesse Charlotte
1330 Luxembourg
Contribution of the Unit: Kathleen Lapie; Erik Goerens
(MENJE Luxembourg)

Eurydice National Unit

Hungarian Institute for Educational Research and
Development
Szobrnc utca 6-8
1143 Budapest
Contribution of the Unit: Csilla Stger (expert)

Eurydice Unit
Research and Development Department
Ministry for Education and Employment
Great Siege Rd.
Floriana VLT 2000
Contribution of the Unit: Karen Grixti and
Lawrence Azzopardi

Eurydice Unit
Education Testing Institute
Vkurhvarfi 3
203 Kpavogur
Contribution of the Unit: Joint responsibility

Eurydice Unit
Department of Education and Skills
International Section
Marlborough Street
Dublin 1
Contribution of the Unit: Kate Shortall (Teacher Education
Section, Department of Education & Skills)

Unit italiana di Eurydice

Istituto Nazionale di Documentazione, Innovazione e
Ricerca Educativa (INDIRE)
Agenzia Erasmus+
Via C. Lombroso 6/15
50134 Firenze
Contribution of the Unit: Simona Baggiani;
expert: Francesca Brotto (Dirigente tecnico, Ministero
dell'Istruzione, dell'Universit e della Ricerca)

Eurydice Unit
Vaka Djurovica bb
81000 Podgorica
Contribution of the Unit: Mijajlo Djuri, Duanka Popovi,
Tamara Tovjanin and Biljana Miovi

Eurydice Nederland
Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap
Directie Internationaal Beleid
Etage 4 Kamer 08.022
Rijnstraat 50
2500 BJ Den Haag
Contribution of the Unit: Joint responsibility

Eurydice Unit
Ministry of Education and Research
AIK-avd., Kunnskapsdepartementet
Kirkegata 18
P.O. Box 8119 Dep.
0032 Oslo
Contribution of the Unit: Joint responsibility

Eurydice Unit
State Education Development Agency
Vau street 3
1050 Riga
Contribution of the Unit: Joint responsibility; expert:
Aleksandrs Vorobjovs Teacher and Iespjam misija
Latvian branch of Teach for All Board Member

Eurydice Unit
Foundation for the Development of the Education System
Mokotowska 43
00-551 Warsaw
Contribution of the Unit: Beata Maluchnik; national expert:
Anna Smoczyska in consultation with the Ministry of
National Education

133

 : , ,

Unidade Portuguesa da Rede Eurydice (UPRE)

Ministrio da Educao e Cincia
Direo-Geral de Estatsticas da Educao e Cincia
(DGEEC)
Av. 24 de Julho, 134
1399-054 Lisboa
Contribution of the Unit: Isabel Almeida; outside the unit:
Aida Castilho

Eurydice Unit
Universitets- och hgskolerdet/The Swedish Council for
Higher Education
Universitets- och hgskolerdet
Box 45093
104 30 Stockholm
Contribution of the Unit: Joint responsibility

Eurydice Unit
MEB, Strateji Gelitirme Bakanl (SGB)
Eurydice Trkiye Birimi, Merkez Bina 4. Kat
B-Blok Bakanlklar
06648 Ankara
Contribution of the Unit: Osman Yldrm Uur,
Dilek Gleyz

Eurydice Unit
National Agency for Community Programmes in the Field
of Education and Vocational Training
Universitatea Politehnic Bucureti
Biblioteca Central
Splaiul Independenei, nr. 313
Sector 6
060042 Bucureti
Contribution of the Unit: Veronica Gabriela Chirea; in
cooperation with experts: Eugenia Popescu, Ministry of
Education and Scientific Research (expert, Teachers
Continuing Education Department), Nicoleta Lioiu,
University Polytechnic of Bucharest (Ph.D. Associate
Professor, Teacher Training Department and Director,
Career Counselling and Guidance Centre), Gheorghe
Bunescu, Valahia University of Trgovite (PhD
Professor), Ctlina Ulrich (PhD Professor), Oana Mooiu
(Ph.D. Lecturer), Mihaela Stngu (Ph.D. Assistant
Lecturer), University of Bucharest, Faculty of Psychology
and Educational Sciences

Eurydice Unit for England, Wales and Northern Ireland
Centre for Information and Reviews
National Foundation for Educational Research (NFER)
The Mere, Upton Park
Slough, Berkshire, SL1 2DQ
Contribution of the Unit: Claire Sargent and Hilary Grayson
Eurydice Unit Scotland
c/o Learning Analysis
Education Analytical Services
Scottish Government
Area 2D South, Mail point 28
Victoria Quay
Edinburgh EH6 6QQ
Contribution of the Unit: Catriona Rooke, Scottish
Government; experts: John Gunstone, Ann Hunter,
Fiona MacDonald and Helen Reid, People and Leadership
Unit, Scottish Government; Nicholas Morgan, Education
Scotland

Eurydice Unit Serbia

Foundation Tempus
Resavska 29
11000 Belgrade
Contribution of the Unit: Joint responsibility;
expert: Desanka Radunovic (National Education Council of
the Republic of Serbia)

Eurydice Unit
Slovak Academic Association for International Cooperation
Krkova 9
811 04 Bratislava
Contribution of the Unit: Joint responsibility

Eurydice Unit
Ministry of Education, Science and Sport
Education Development Office
Masarykova 16
1000 Ljubljana
Contribution of the Unit: Barbara Kresal Sternia;
expert: Andreja Schmuck (Ministry of Education, Science
and Sport)

Eurydice Espaa-REDIE
Centro Nacional de Innovacin e Investigacin Educativa
(CNIIE)
Ministerio de Educacin, Cultura y Deporte
c/General Oraa 55
28006 Madrid
Contribution of the Unit: Inmaculada Egido Glvez,
Flora Gil Traver

134

EC-01-15-389-EL-N

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. 2013/14.

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http://eacea.ec.europa.eu/education/eurydice.

ISBN 978-92-9492-010-2