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Solution-NGPE 2014 PDF
Solution-NGPE 2014 PDF
Solutions of part A
1.
5.
dL
c2 c1 L
T dT yields that the specific heat of
0
z
6.
. E i j k .
0
x y z x y z
Ex Ey Ez
(d) grad of a div
E Ey Ez
.E i j k x
0
z x y z
Ans: b & c
2.
gt
v v T [1 e Km ]
Ans: a
3.
Ans: b & c
4.
Ans: c & d
7.
r1 r2 r1 r2
b
E
30
3 0
30 30
Ans: c
9.
One parsec is the unit of distance.
Ans: a
10.
a
h2 k 2 l 2
18.
0.710
20.80 2048'
sin
2
Ans: c & d
r 2 dB
.
2 R dt
As a result the
torque on the outer ring will be qER .
qr 2
1
Thus
R qr 2
2 R
2
Ans: a
11.
19.
12.
20.
Ans: b, & c
13.
Ans: a, b, c & d
21.
14.
15.
Ans: c
22.
16.
(l 1)
Ans: b
23.
Ans: b
24.
reduced
Ans: b & d
Part B1
B1
B2
B3
I max
4R
1
sin 2
2
1 R 2
B5
c
t 2
x2
the differential equtation of a wave travelling
with velocity = c.
B6
while
B4
1 R
d
sin2 1 2sin 1
1 R 2
2 R
4R
B9
2
2 Rt
2R t
E2
E
L L
L
i
Rdt
e
dt
R 0
R 2R
0
0
E 2L
Thus
the
total
energy
dissipated
2R 2
during decay is equal to the energy stored
1 2 E 2L
during growth of current in
Li
2
2 R2
L-R circuit.
B7
B8
2
the magnitude of |d|
length lc
a.
b.
c.
d.
c
can be written as further using l c c c
lc
1
we get . Therefore the frequency
c
spread of a spectral line is of the order of the
inverse of coherence time c showing that the
perfectly monochromatic spectral line with
= 0 means having infinite coherence time
may not be possible. This is why the concept of
temporal coherence is intimately connected
with mono-chromaticity. Further the quantity
Q
is taken to represent the monod
chromaticity or the spectral purity of the
2
Q .
source. Thus one obtains lc
B10
Rotational spectra
Rotational-viberational spectra
Electronic-viberational spectra
Electronic-rotational spectra
FM
0 qv qv
1 qq
and FE
4 R2
4 0 R2
Thereby
FM
v2
00 v 2 2
FE
c
Part B2
The moment of inertia, about an axis
perpendicular to its plane and passing through
2
its centre is I s ml of a square lamina and
6
mR 2
for a circular lamina.
Ic
2
186
72 2 4 3
Ml 2
1.69MR 2 8.45 kgm 2
I 1.69
4
2m
P2.
mA
FR
m
7M
11M
& Mc
............(2)
18
72
mg sin + mA cos
mg
g sin cos
M sin 2
m
I0
m A sin
R2
7M
M l2 4
l 2 1
2
72
2
Thereby M s
R2 l2 4lR
M s l2
2
4 Mc
kgm
6
2 4 3
mg
co
s
P1.
M c R2
4R
Mc
Further using theorem
2
3
given axis is I c I 0 M c l 4 R
mg (cos2q - sin2q)
dA
M m sin2 2mA sinq cosq
dq
dA
For maximum A, setting
=0
dq
substituting I0
2
2
M R2
4R
l 4R
Ic c Mc Mc
3
2 3
2
g cos2 sin2 2
or
mg sin cos
sin cos
M m sin2
R2 l 2 4lR
Ic Mc Finally I I s 4 I c
2 4 3
1 2sin M m sin
2
2 k T 2
m 2
N CV
C V N 2 k T
sin1
m 2M
Substituting
the
value
P3.
(a)
P
2 R2
12
P 2 20 10
by definition, then
(10) 80 W
p2
2 v
dP v
dv
v rms
2kT
2
4 v dv CV
4
4m
2kT
m
2kT
dn
P5.
mv 2
2 kT
mv 2
v e
mv
2k T
mv
0
kT
2kT
v 2d n
is dn Ce d Ce
dxdydzdvx dvy dvz
Now considering a sphere of radius v then
infinitesimal volume between radii v and
2
v+dv can be written as d V 4 v dv. The
total number of particles will then be
2ve
mv
2k T
N CV e
mv
v rms
get
mv 2
or 2 v
0 v mp
kT
E
kT
we
m
2 2 2 kT
P v 4 N
v e
2 kT
The most probable velocity is the value of v for
which the function P(v) is maximum. Therefore
W
I
4.36 1012 2
2 1.2 332 293
m
I
Now the intensity level is IL 10log
I0
3
105
10
P4.
of
mv2
2
2 kT
m 2
dn 4 N
v e dv If P(v) represent
2 kT
the the probability that a molecule will
have velocity between v and v+dv
in the velocity range zero to infinity then
The
I I0 (10)10
3 kT
m
v4 e
mv 2
2 kT
mv
2 kT
dv
dv
vrms
v mp
3
Hence proved
2
2
2 t cos( r ) (due to stoke's law)
2
2 t cos( r ) (2 n 1)
2 t n t n
1214, 2428, 3642 A
2
On the other hand, there shall not be
stoke's contribution to the phase difference in
case of MgF2 (=1.38) film as the phase change
of occur on each face of the film, therefore
2
2
or
2 t cos ( r ) 2n 1
t 2n 1
1065, 3193,5322 A
2 2
P6. In the given solenoid of rectangular
cross section, the current i through its
winding produces a magnetic field. Let B
be the magnetic field produced at a radius r.
Ampere's law in electromagnetism provides
f B.dl 0 r i or B.2 r 0 r Ni
F1
Ni
weber/m2 where N is the total
2 r
number of winding over a length 2r.
Considering small area h dr, the flux.
2
2
b
b
0 r N ih b
Ni
NBh dr 0 r
ln W
hdr
2
a
2 r
a
a
2
N
h
b
0
r
Using now NLi L
ln
2
a
With the given values
10
L 0 2 1240(1000) 2 0.01 ln
4
5
L = 2.48 ln2 = 1.72 h & total flux linked is
Li 1.72 10 17.2 Wb
P1
L2
F2
Fd
f2
i,e on the
Fd
i,e on
f1
the left of eye lens. The two focal points F1 and
F2 are located such as P1F1 = F and P2F2 =+F
As long as the media on the two sides of the
eyepiece are the same, the two nodal points
coincide with the respective principal points.
Since it is difficult to use a crosswire in the first
focal, plane of Huygen's eye piece, Ramesden's
eyepiece is preferred in all instruments used
for physical measurements.
P8.
C>
>
P2
XA
2
L1
f1 f2
d f1 f2
B 0 r
P7.
f ( E1 ) f (EF E)
E E E
(1)
e kT 1
The probability of occupancy of the level E2 is
F
f ( E2 ) f (E F E)
kT
ih
f E1 f E2
e kT 1
f E1 f E2
Hence proved.
e kT 1
1e
E
kT
E E F
0 Vth 24 V
3
6
To find Thevenin impedance across A & B, we
consider voltage sources short circuited and
current sources open circuited as below
kT
100
kT
E F EF
EF
e100 kT 1
EF
1
EF
100 kT
101
100 kT
1 10
EF
EF
ln9 T
100 kT
100k ln 9
ZTh = 6
d
d
d
dx ,V dx VV dx
dV
d d dV
d
or dx ,V dx V dx V dx dx
dV
d
dV
d
,V
or ,V
dx
dx
dx
dx
VTh= 24 V
i t kx
system be x, t Ae
.
Then
i Aei t kx which implies
t
ih
IN=4A
ZTh=6
ZL= 18
VTh 24
4 A further applying KCL,
ZTh 6
hence the V 0 V 0 4 V 18 V
6
18
IN
i2 h x, t h x, t E x, t
t
2
2
and 2 ik Ae it kx now multiplying by- h2 we get
x
2
2
2
h
h2 ik x, t h2 k 2 x, t
2
x
ZL= 18
1 A
Z Th Z L 6 18
Using the concept of duality between voltage
and current source, Norton equivalent circuit
is as drawn below,
hence proved.
Further if the eigen function of a quantum
ZTh
3 6
6
then ZTh 4 3 || 6 4
3 6
Thereby the Thevenin equivalent circuit is as below
5.5 1.61019
T
290 K
100 1.381023 ln9
P9.
ZTh
36V
10
Now
100
h 2 2
V ih
H
2
t
t
2 m x
e kT
V
V h
2m
2m
e kT 1
hk 2
(2)
E F E EF
p2
V or
2m 2
hk
18
current through ZL is I Z Z 18 1 A
L
L