You are on page 1of 100
Veuwcr eee EIGHT PAGES nN FR, TEXT BOOK eS POSTER DE GN a a=) acta Pa INTRODUCTION TEACHERS of courses in commercial art, mechanical drawing’and drafting will find this book a practical guide to a and poster art. All such courses shoul include a working knowledge of the basic alphabets and the tools best suited to their production. STUDENTS who follow instructions given herein and practice regularly and intelligently can be assured of satisfactory progtess, for anyone who can write can learn to letter. No unusual talent is required. CRAFTSMEN can improve their tech- niques and increase their incomes by using this book for instruction and inspiration. Merchandising depends so much upon showcards for quick turnover that we seldom see displays without them. Supplying this need means that ex- perienced, versatile letterers are in demand everywhere. for steady employment, few occupations offer the opportunities enjoyed by poster artists who are able to do good lettering at a commercial speed. Page Advertising Layouts and Posters 31, 46, 47, 8250 ‘Advertising Moods 36,83 Aschitecta’ Gothic 33 chitect’ Sept 2 Basic Leteer Groups 3 Border Designs 52 (color), Beush Alphabets. 5, 8, 78-79 (Calligraphic Letters 8 Deaftsenen’s Gotbic 3s Deaftsmen’s Script 2 Decoeative Inituls $8, 49 (col), 65,79 Blementary Exercises 69 Elements of Basic Alphabets 3 Engrossing 50°51 (color), 66-68 71-74 Enlarging, simpliied 83 Evolution of Letter Styles. ‘ GOTHIC ALPHABETS Beginners" 8,9 Bixk 4 Block, Half Poster 3 Brash S77 Camm 58 Carved Caps 5 Condensed Poster 0 Crestions ” Gein Disp, a Draftsmen's 35 69 2 Modern Cap 2 Novelty 2 Power 3 Round 3 Serie 2 Shidow % Slant Seripe % Speedball 38 ‘Stqueezed Headline 7 Tent, Style A i2 Teline 3 Uneal| o Vertical Manuscript 10,11 Vertical Script 6 Tevtals, decorative 44,48, 49 (colo), 65 ITALIC ALPHABETS Bold Reman Bald Roman, Condensed Bold Roman, Style ©. Bold Roman, Style D 31, 8082, 8450 MANUICRUT ALPHARBTS mugs Se 2 oP wal eae 4 sped Nar NDEX Page NOVELTY ALPHABETS ‘Aneria “ BAL Day, Roman a Burs 9 Carnal 8 Driney 3 Far base u Tite, Sele M Oxrameneal Peamsnsbip $0 (cole), 72.74 Pea Sketshiog o Pen, Their Ute and Care 12 Posters 31,4547, 51 Price Tickets ROMAN ALPHABETS Bold Display “ Brak BB Boren B Baitewn 56 Chime ry Greatain of Alphabets % Formal 2 Free 5 Gay Nineties 8 History and Use 4 Toles Bad 36,39,31 Condensed st 2 Teshen: Sole a Ten, Sah 3 Mersiottan Poster s Prien x Century Omamental a "Bold 0 Single Steck Madera, 29. Single Ske, Suyle nD Sent Bye A x SCRIPT ALPHABETS ‘Adveriing % Archives ® Deatinen 2 Caitgrapie u Perashty 30 Round Hind p Shane Speedball % Specuhal Sle B Tile M Speed Spe D 35,36 Fescl, Style A a Sesh s Weston's Scape Text cy ifs aoa Theie Use 364,12, 16,17 Spacing Letters 80, 81 Stick Figures 9395 Symbols on TEXT ALPHABETS Black a a 6.7 n Gothic, Style A 12 Ol Engl 6.68 Ornamental n Speedhall, Sevier C& D, n Uncial Alphabet, o NUMERALS LI MY V VI VII Vil XX XU XI XM XIV XV XVI XVITXVII XIX XX XXV. XXX OY XL XLV L IY IX1XX IXY IXXX CC CXKV CLOCLACC Dp pc po Da CMM eS TOOLS fr LETTERING In making letters by hand, choose the style and size of pen that will produce their elements with the fewest strokes. ‘There is a Speedball designed for each of the different families of alphabets with five sizes in each style. SPEEDBALL pen was the first of it’s kind design- THE STYLE“C pen was created to duplicate the strokes sade by the flexible hand-cut reed pen. Itis used to make the graceful Roman and italic alphabets with ‘thick and thin’ elements. a THE STYLE A’ 1 THE STYLE | “B’ pen was next “ developed /» ed aa mine for single stroke =f poster letters sii | ‘ stroke. ' ae ROUND OTHICS. THE STYLE"D’ pen...with its oval marking tip is used to produce the bold POSTER Roman alphabets with thick and thicker” elements. THE NEWEST SPEEDBALL pens are trademarked ‘FLICKER. Their ink reservoirs are —_— drafting work. Keep your pens cleat! The best way to clean lettering or drawing pens is to scrub them gently. ‘s 1 with a wet tooth brush FOR GOOD LETTERING. MOST STANDARD BRANDS OF WATERPROOF BLACK DRAWING INK CAN BE USED. WLISES civ who desire a specially prepared ink that has proved exceptionally successful in this type of drawing and lettering pen can obtain Speedball inks from their Sstationer or art dealer. “They are made in all the brilliant colors of the rainbow, plus black and white. IHustrations and methods of instruction app Pla in UA by Ht Pot f nde Nw lg A alto ihe ren ig in this book copyright 1956. byRos * Mexfictr of Sl Pots ers, Ins, Tt Boks Lele eaten hinged flicking open simultaneously so they can be wiped Clean. The FB 6 is equipped with ruling flanges for You will do better work when you sit erect and do not ‘lean on the pen, “George 1 TIPS fr LETTERERS Letters should be drawn freehand if possible. Practice tegularly to secure freedom, grace and individual beauty, Always use a T-square , or ruler for guide lines. Resides a_set of Dens, every letterers kit should include two or more red sable SHOW CARD BRUSHES 17 Sizes 10-12 and /4 to take care of the letters that are too large for the pens. Slant position of hand when. ¢-p. making Halic letters with tS either style Cor style D *ay Pens _ Am ( Vertical position of hand in making Roman letters /r both styles ‘Cor D a Oat RR SHOW CARD COLORS prepared for brush use will work satisfactorily, in, pens when thinned to a free-flowing consistency with a little of this solution --~ -water, 9 ounces, alcohol, 1 ounce, gum mucilage, 1 ounce, and afew drops of gly~ cerine. Do not prepare a large quantity because they work best when freshly mixed. Keep well-stirred. COATED CARDBOARD comes in sheets 2228, or 28-44 inches. To avoid waste in cutting, the usual sizes for posters are 7*1I’ inches, Il } inches or 14 « 22. Price tickets are smaller and vary in sige ¢ shape. | | Fortips on poster and price card layouts see page 96. noire 2 4x22 £)X2Q., DINLOD 2 NVWOU SIX9Y 914308 ,uewor yeWOL TT SIUWUUTIUI UEP] e yo soueseadde ayy soBueyp =, frsas. 24} JO SUOI}PEDIZ/POW JO SUOIJEIEA MOY MOYS 07 djay jf suOle/}snj}! Bay Syoqeydje mou jo UOReAID au} Uy “Sunngo que yxap wogiog ‘3309 fiayquige’yxap weMIIg “BID YeIg *pxaD sDysLo]D pRID WIM "Ferg YsIPUZ GIO Jo sos Ie sogMPUG ie ecoee {x3 ID IDLEDE PLA GION ee Se YBi2029° SILAOC) sdnoig 180g, 201y, 3Yf. Ecsta 2 Sih Sg ¥.~ S29e4 214709 sod G55 SOF] UM aOR POY]? 240 POS Do apo si Bf Pay ZSOMWAYIN suad G20, PYM sem ae G193}3] 42 OSS¢a-\/! Sad g 40 Y INIM apeUl-Sud}7>] DWYIOO Jo Syuews)3 N/T ONAL LT Cvolution of of Letter r Styles abcdef, My) vA ie he grstury abcde egfihy /; Ti hie abbecidd “Qe: f. qq-Ahii pF Dl -mm: wy Ae gare AAS kt-uwu- nh VV -WPW"XX: Also~ the similarity: of Vertical ‘ruting do ‘Roman Lettering; Round wuting - joined by connecting strohesab Round wiiting unjoined and loops left off.ab Round. writing thus becomes Roman Diffarent abcd efghijkimnoparstu abcdefghijklmnopqr stu abcdefghij klmnopqrs tuvwy abedefghi J jklmnopgrstuvw abedefghijklm noparstuvwxyzagy abcde efghijkimnopgrstur, Ts mst crt Je letter styles are those of the single-stroke variety PEELE EET == == LTETELTLEFTLT WH UMMILILL VAVAVAVAVA W/KZWKZ rbd dial HTHTHTHTHTH UNA YOOOOHODNOOKIOOK MYNYMYNY! ae ee fmm | \ ee \ 4 i Fit strokes together so that “overlaps’do not show in the finished letters yy AN A La Ary = ae yi : hi j iN f Ree Nest Ne LQ Wet i a | y 2 34567889 et inotr SN PORSTUC Vertical Manuscript ABCDEFG a IJKLMNO PORSTUW VAY LE 123 545678 9Q¢ ABCDEFGHIJIK LMN® PORSEOUTVWXYY ZG" abedeffght ejlme-chany dS tu WXZ37Y abcdetghiklmno \ pgrstuvwxy hy e Italics for speed abcdefqhijelmnopqrstuowxy a bedeggijmfnhklopg rstuvwxyyz3 ABCDEFGHUKLMN OPQRSTUVWX YZ WSI23456789¢ Y abcdetghikimnop qrgstuvWxd akyy abcdefghikyulogmn AB delghielp ree EFGHISKLMNORS TUUWUMIYZGE WS W12345 @ i @ 678. 90¢ abedefghikimnopgrstuvwxyx8 ABCDEFGHISKL MNORST Ul yl Wy BCD $1234567890¢ X © ABCDEFGHI JKLMNOPQ RSTUMWXY $123456789¢ abcdefghijkim nopgrtsuvwxyz abcdefghijkimna OparstUvWxyZ & $1235 2 6789¢ The ROMAN Alphabets The Roman alphabet is both beautiful and useful. It lends itself to individual modifications ani type innovations which are usually created simply by changing the design of the serif (see page 3) or by adding a few ornamental touches to the body of the letter. for descriptive copy or for words of special em- phasis, Italics can be employed effectively. Italic letters are simply slanted vertical letters . In learning the ‘single stroke’ Roman, analyzed on. pages 17-21 study the letters carefully before using” the pen. Note where strokes are started and ended, their order of construction,and how the pen is manipulated in producing them. Make a‘ page of each letter, using a No. 2 style C pen. Try to combine a smooth arm move- ment with a flexible manipulation of the pen. Next, make several pages of the full alphabets. Letters should be one inch high at first ruling three guide lines for each line of copy. Keep the serifs as uniform, as possible and try to equ alize the space between letters as you work. ABCDEKI1 wwiony ABV IRU emu, e-—-g¢ hb mo BY OLD REED PENS > . n> ‘oe te V~-w— SQuANT d IF YOU HAVE SBICE AT END OF LINE, USE THESE PER MISSABLE 'S FOR WORDS ENDING IN THESE LETTERS AT OND Beene cote see 4 “ROMAN? ABCDEFG HIJKLMN OPORSW T Uvex YZ BCDEFGHT IKLMNOPOR STUVWXY ZG ROMAN? ABCDEFG Hig KLMN OPORSW FUVEX YZ Bold Roman Single Stroke StyleD ABCDEFGHIJKL MNOPQRSTUS VW & 2783-2 XYZ a bcdefghi jkimn opqrstuvwxyz abcdefghijlmn opqrsutvwxyz abcdef, hijklmne pqrstivwxyzf& ABCDEGHJKLN M TUWKXYZ IAS. abcdefe hij kimno Pq rstuv UXyZ&a s1O345¢ 67890, SINGLE-STROKE ROMAN ABCDE FGHIJK MODERN €¥: abe > ss | CREATIONS $]23456/89¢ NAANUnUDEGEA Z2Z842Z222Z2a"4 00000008 EoBEoErSs aan was) Bde ma gy Of 2 ee VOVBOLOCEHOE 37 ABDEFUHLO ISKLLNNNHO OPPORSTENY WY YE Galerie fetes ABCDEFGAH Is LAGNOPORSTU VOX IZ abedefghi JRimnopgrstuvwxyz -e— one-stroke lowercase made with C-3 pen Hebi SAP. | CB CDE abedef$h FGHIPK f| QuNor by rl QRSF7U DWHYZ $123 3456789 9¢ abeefghiht abedefehk aS gencperes|yimnobar ISKEMNOR, | KEMNOPORS STUVWHYZ TUVWIEXTE arcpece @bcdet Chigks § hij km maope 2opari Roreop Stuywx moderns wawail isayzig 123 ABCDEFGHUKL 67 45 MOPORSTUVWYZ 89 ABCDEFGHI JKLMNOP@ RSTUVW zt abcdetghijklImnop (2345678 qrstuvwxyz “GS ABCDEFGH JBLINOFOR ST UOW RYT abode ghia ALE a wrim tuuv | vwxze2 4567890¢ er, ABCDEFG HIF KEMN OPIRSTUUWXY,Z ABOEF HAIRS GH. aarayhys 0 ypnn apoys pun jyoqpaads,g,yAys » yum s10}2/ 2417"0 BEM AMIS (ARE SIO CADNIVIMILL HOTMaGDLY QVIVAL WONALS vor portly \ Kbdouwsyls wEsTOpege | OL OeL | —themangsaibdo — uanyfiybyapaqa “8 ZAXMA —nLsyodo NWP DIDIDLE. SLOCTEAT A36iM2 7X@A AL SHOdON WYflH? ATOd AV Ok Be rvmtoat wore duryliysyepoqe BBD RSET ZASARISHO dONINTSH ST HOIZCICY ae fal XVI CENTURY ROMAN ith an Ornamental trimming Na zee ot = oa sh > mi ph Ee Ae “NOILONGOUdAY $S3)0%d N3IdIS YOs ¥41S0d V ONINVW NI Sd31S JAISSAYDOUd ASHAA 94} 40 STTWL er eee rhe pS aA Tt mye hae TARE lege 1 Ee e : a & be cy Ke les Siete Eine xen is doki ls lates 2 ook X- ee Gafnligi Cours Fie Hegme anid alf kinds of @rsiqninn pelea: ef EMD eichintr << Fae Designee narossersllltuminator fees: NN aS = et NA Sis Fine CFIC!) FN ZAXMMIA} hnsbdouury x{tjysjeqpoe 6$.u0014a.48 IZOSPEATIZ XASAOLLS MUVDdON IMCIHOA aaWNOdVv = AM MONO) ZLAPXN 7 AXM MA ren NL SH) SIFLOS FNI7 SNOT UUAMeIH sapay 2230084 SSUCUOD 8 9-84 +LUB SUBWLIUHO:: "Bw ELLE TE ABCDEFGH IJKLMNOP with Style"D" Speedball wxzsi ABCDEFGHIJKLMN OPQRSTUVWKXYZA. ABCDEFGHIJL MNOPQARSTK OUW i755" X YY. Zz abedef; enti opgrstd IVWXYYZ SQUEEZED HERDLINE KMNOPORS TUVWXYZ? I7USGTHY AGHJKMNORSWAYS Rhanjsabdouw G) Kanysabdouw susIOPIgE (5 paaysjopage raft Risa 6 TY MINIS JDGOUU & i L ‘Apyliybjapoge ‘PZAXMANL ’ SHUONWIME ‘ JHO1IGDIV S BOLD DISPLAY 7 ABE BE “Toker” Rough-in these letters with Dy Speedball —+ spatter — add the tint spot and finish with a fine pen 61 thxmmannysibdouw)4fiysbjapage Peay Be II PR VPI tae ts DUILOD SHIN = Wak hby er oa wi ke ; Prono ANLSUOONITE (VriIHoOsa0Dev! wo DD YyUMUInYD uDIT eet tat 1 Ju «a wut ta MIU Sty sen rune a +—,—* , J3U3U 1M OUD pnw ain af t EF pyatut s Fumo eg DUL IU WOW AN Witt wt fear tet ras (LOG &SOSAx Aixam salidomyy iy Tpagage -zixmany sabdoumyyiyIgage ZN &s a aaginsonfen ira KX UE DSHOTOSE FELEFDLIEDBY porydng pan, YsyduR, gM. SKtassoudug, yeqqadg aos i raeN GEDA TOSS or yom wasoy: ssa32ns fo uoyenuue) of sousigi 3s 1 uonerseidde ‘4dduIS 0 SSa.tha 0} a11s9q ‘Ge’ SispaDu)p): ‘qorddoge suoymosay Tannoqjof ay le Hi) SOLED. MLE Dies sI04. me Jom QUE [OEY I mol aay ST | ALO, SANUS IG ico Se SIHLOD BWOULS JIONIS €zisD 628LOSr GPELOS NUMBERED ARROWS SHOW STROKES Single - Sttoke Use a size 12 red sable sho-card brush with any good poster color: finger manipulation will produce clean cut strokes. Do not overload brush. — Dip into color and then shape brush Most sho-card 2 RO om palette to get « sharp working edge... smooth arm movement combined with the necessary colors need a litile water and sometimes more mucilage added 10 make them flow freely from the brush - ee THE PRINTERS WORD for the LAY' OUT ARRANGEMENT of COPY’ Copy containing only a few words and perhaps an illustration, is not hard to lay out. But suppose your customer gives ue copy First, treat all names, phrases, ill~ ustrations, border ornaments and color masses as though they were children’s building blocks. Sometimes a single word is a’block’ in itself. v ° wn <0 Second, decide upon the size letters to be used in the various blocks ~ largest for the most important words or figures, smaller for the explanatory phrases, etc. Choose a type that suits the subject. (see page 36) Harmonizing Italics can be used for the less important phrases, but do not mix alphabets. Third, arrange these blocks on the card in a pleasing and effective manner. Center the copy alittle higher on the card than the actual center, allow thirty per cent more margin at the bottom than at fe top. This is arranging the card on “optical center. a 4, 3. 6. 7, oS @ Ff like this~ a picture, plus the words ....... SGDRDEN,, —.what do you do ? OREO, Et keside SPACING Different letters and dividing areas seldom occupy like spaces Words read better when the spaces between the letters are less than half the space occupied by the letters themselves. For conv s: Regular, E-HA-MN and U Irregular, D.G-0-(P)-Q-(R)-S:& and ?. Ugly gaps between irregular shaped letters can be avoided by fitting them closer together according to their shape Circular and irregular shaped letters should cut into the spaces between them adjoining their curved or irregular sides, the amount thus taken from the helps compensate for the extra space created by the form of the letter. e, letters may be divided into. thre -L-P-R-T-V-W-X-Y and Z; Cireu he letters ng” areas Letters can also be grouped as Narrow, B-E-F-I-J-L-P-S-T-Y and ?; Normal, C-D-G-H-K-O- Q-RU.V-X-Z and &; and Wide, A-M-N and W Compressing a wide letter to make it fit into a space that suits a narrow or a normal letter causes it to appear blacker than the rest of the letters. And stretching a narrow letter into the space of a wide one makes st appear lighter than the rest. Simplified spacing guide for different letters - a 4 selase ot ‘This lettering chart illustrates how different combinations should be spaced. The full space as it appears between two straight letters is shown by the stippled block marked “A.” Block “B” illustrates the dividing area between two circular letters. Note how the letters cut into it, Block "C” shows how the area appears between a circular and a straight letter. Block "D” shows the area between an irregular and a straight letter. Block “E" shows the area between an irregular and a circular letter. Note that the extra space at the top and bottom of a circular letter approximately equals what the letter cuts out gular letters offer a similar example that requires closer fitting of the dividing area—and the combinations work out in use. In the word -d both ways. Note how legibility and unity al arrangement. Using a “yard-stick” to measure the width or distance uces pleasing results and is generally detrimental co legibility Spacing” letters ¢ are destroyed by the mech between different letters seldom prod bs eat n tail te ‘The yard-stick spacing of “Minatown” shows what happens when letters are all fitted into like me distance between them. Note how spotty the different letters look, especially the king the M, N, A, O and W wider Jover all areas with the M, A and W and how unrelated the irr letters appear. By m and fitting the irregular letters optically to compensate for their shape an even tone is ol * OPTICALLY FITTED LETTERS ” NOT CRAMPED - GOOD UNIT 7 INARD STICK SPACING « LETTERS + SPACES OF LIKE WIOTH -POOR UNIT 7 “ArH eaaK t “Tooeunet’ * oarK * MECHAN e ICAL PACIN OF UNIFORM, ~ IMARGINS EQuaL width MAKE A Postep MONOTONOUS THE EFFECTIVE USE OF) POWERFUL HEAD-LINES | coos maganceo in. |. 5 SUBORDINATE GROUPS 5 | BALANCED ON OPTICAL CENTER | OF BLANK SPACE wires LIBERAL MARGINS | VARE THE FIRST AIDS | TO @ GOOD LAYOUT \, SPEED (= ee i V/ iN STRENGTH CPE stencn SUGGEST a cuRviD Ines | suc Sion Bnet TAPERING LINES SUGGESTING IDITY NO JARRING pages suseesrne| | WN ELEMENTS ex ws pores SNAP \ Yh 'S MEETING AT SHARP ‘CURVES ELIMINATED GREAT FORCE SUGGESTED BY | | OROOPING RESISTANCE & SLANTING BASE J SUGGEST AB: || LUXURY GRACEFULLY INTERTWINING CURVES FRFLUQUS DECORATION _) QW! || Soe We | TAGGERED, JAGGEDLY BROKEN, TAPERED STRMONT LINES nemo ac COLD + SPEED + Quality Bold -Seyotous « Sivle Cansles, - Cheap-Wodetn- JAZZ > Liisian: Craft STRENGTH: Smphasis- (| ppity « Smart A Simplified System fa cA Ja 7 Sli“ NZ NX Biaciie or <& a Reducing Pictures | |s< f K ) nN woe Vi \ ‘Criss-Cross Copying Scale ENLARGEMENT ORIGINAL (or reduction) 83 STRUCTURE SEPT (as 2D Punt in main letters in bold type. Refine ther detail.’Y changed to a fittinc rr) 1 Vsualize the completed, Lob, Rougly define copy & picture area for initial study & balance EGUPT PY a « \ ‘0! — Uwenyg

You might also like