Hot ng 1: HS lm cc cu hi trong thi tt nghip

Nm 2008
1. lm mm nc cng vnh cu, ta dng dung dch
A. Ca(NO3)2.
B. Na2CO3.
C. NaCl.
2. Cht phn ng c vi dung dch H2SO4 to ra kt ta l

A. BaCl2.

B. Na2CO3.
C. NaOH.
3. Kim loi khng phn ng vi nc nhit thng l
4. Phng php thch hp iu ch kim loi Ca t CaCl2 l

A. in phn dung dch CaCl2.

D. HCl.
D. NaCl
A. Ba. B. Fe. C. K.

D. Na.

B. nhit phn CaCl2.

2+
C. dng Na kh Ca trong dung dch CaCl2.
D. in phn CaCl2 nng chy.
5. S electron lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t kim loi thuc phn nhm chnh nhm II l
A. 4.
B. 1.
C. 2.
D. 3.
6. NaOH 1M bng 100 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Gi tr ca V l
A. 300.
B. 400.
C. 100.
D. 200.
Nm 2010
7. Cht lm mm nc c tnh cng ton phn l
A. CaSO4
B. NaCl
C. Na2CO3
D. CaCO3
8. Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t kim loi kim th l
A. ns2np2
B. ns2np1
C. ns1
D. ns2
9. Kim loi khng phn ng c vi nc nhit thng l A. Li
B. Ca C. K
D. Be
10. Cho dung dch Na2CO3 vo dung dch Ca(HCO3)2 thy
A. c kt ta trng v bt kh
B. khng c hin tng g
C. c kt ta trng
D. c bt kh thot ra
11. Cho dy cc kim loi kim: Na, K, Rb, Cs. Kim loi trong dy c nhit nng chy thp nht l
A. Na.
B. K.
C. Rb.
D. Cs.
12. Trong t nhin,canxi sunfat tn ti di dng mui ngm nc (CaSO4.2H2O) c gi l
A. Thch cao sng
B. vi
C. Thch cao khan D. Thch cao nung
13. iu ch kim loi K bng phng php
A. dng kh CO kh ion K+ trong K2O nhit cao B. in phn dung dch KCl c mng ngn
C. in phn KCl nng chy
D. in phn dung dch KCl khng c mng ngn

Nm 2012
14. Cho dy cc cht: Al2O3, KOH, Al(OH)3, CaO. S cht trong dy tc dng vi H2O l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 3.
15. Kim loi no sau y l kim loi kim ? A. Cr.
B. K.
C. Al.
D. Fe.
16. Dung dch cht no sau y phn ng vi CaCO3 gii phng kh CO2 ?

A. CH3NH2.

B. CH3COOH.
C. C2H5OH.
D. C6H5NH2.
17. Dung dch no sau y phn ng c vi dung dch CaCl2 ?

A. NaCl.
B. HCl.
C. Na2CO3.
D. NaNO3.
18. Cht X tc dng vi dung dch HCl. Khi cht X tc dng vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 sinh ra kt ta. Cht X
B. BaCl2.
C. AlCl3.
D. CaCO3.
l A. Ca(HCO3)2.
19. Nhit phn hon ton 50,0 gam CaCO3 thu c V lt kh CO2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 11,2.
C. 5,6.

B. 33,6.
D. 22,4.

Nm 2013
20. Nc c cha nhiu cc ion no sau y c gi l nc cng?
A. Ca2+, Mg2+.
B. Cu2+, Fe2+.
C. Zn2+, Al3+.
D. K+, Na+.
21.
Hp th hon ton V lt kh CO 2(ktc) vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2d, thu c 10 gam kt ta. Gi tr
ca V l
A. 2,24.
B. 4,48.
C. 3,36.
D. 1,12.
22. Cho dy cc kim loi: Na, Ba, Al, K, Mg. S kim loi trong dy phn ng vi lng d dung dch FeCl 3
thu c kt ta l
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 2.
D. 4.
23. Nhn xt no sau y khng ng?

A. Cc kim loi kim u mm v nh.

B. Cc kim loi kim u c nhit nng chy rt cao.

C. Cc kim loi kim u c tnh kh mnh.
D. Cc nguyn t kim loi kim u c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l ns 1.
24. Cho dy cc kim loi: Na, K, Mg, Be. S kim loi trong dy phn ng mnh vi H 2O iu kin thng l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 1.
25. Trong cng nghip, kim loi kim v kim loi kim th c iu ch bng phng php
A. in phn dung dch.
B. in phn nng chy.
C. thy luyn. D. nhit luyn.

Nm 2014
26. Kim loi no sau y l kim loi kim th?
A. Ba.
B. Cr.
C. Fe.
D. Al.
27. phn bit dung dch CaCl2 vi dung dch NaCl, ngi ta dng dung dch
A. KNO3.
B. Na2CO3.
C. NaNO3.
D. HNO3.
28. trng thi c bn, cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t K (Z = 19) l
A. 4s1.
B. 3s1.
C. 2s1.
D. 3d1.
29. Cho dy cc kim loi: Li, Na, Al, Ca. S kim loi kim trong dy l:
A. 1.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 4.
30. Sc kh no sau y vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy xut hin kt ta mu trng?
A. CO2.
B. O2.
C. HCl.
D. H2.
31. nhit thng, kim loi Na phn ng vi nc to thnh
A. NaOH v H2.
B. NaOH v O2.
C. Na2O v H2. D. Na2O v O2.
32. Ha tan hon ton 3,80 gam hn hp 2 kim loi kim thuc 2 chu k lin tip trong dung dch HCl d, thu
c 2,24 lt kh H2 (ktc). Hai kim loi kim l
A. K v Rb.
B. Na v K.
C. Rb v Cs.
D. Li v Na.

Hot ng 2: cc dng bi tp c bn
GV gi HS ln bng lm bi tp v sa ch sai st
Cu 1. in phn nng chy 23,4 gam mui clorua ca mt kim loi kim, sau khi phn ng xy ra
hon ton, anot thu c 4,48 lt kh (ktc). Mui ca kim loi kim em in phn l
nCl2 = 4,48/22,4 = 0,2 mol
=> M MCl = 23,4/0,4 = 58,5 => M = 58,5 35,5 = 23 => NaCl
Cu 2. Thi V ml (ktc) kh CO2 vo 600 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,03M th thu c 0,6 gam kt ta.
Gi tr ca V l: V1 = n *22,4 = (0,6/100)*22,4 = 0,1344 lt
V2 = (2nCa(OH)2 - n)* 22,4 = ( 2*0,6,0,03 0,6/100) * 22,4 = 0,672 lt.
Vy, V = 0,1344 lt hoc V = 0,672 lt.
Cu 3. Kali icromat phn ng vi dung dch mui st (II) trong mi trng axit theo phn ng:
K2Cr2O7 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 ---> K2SO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 + Cr2(SO4)3 + H2O. Nu cho 0,6 mol FeSO4 phn
ng va th cn bao nhiu gam K2Cr2O7?
mK2Cr2O7 = 1/6nFeSO4* 294 = 1/6*0,6*294 = 29,4 gam.
Cu 4. Cho 8,12 gam hn hp 2 kim loi nhm IIA tan hon ton trong dd H 2SO4 long d thu 4,48
lt H2 (kc). Khi lng mui sunfat thu c sau phn ng l
m mui = mkl + 96.nH2 = 8,12 + 96. (4,48/22,4) = 27,32 gam
Cu 5. Cho 27,4 g mt kim loi M nhm IIA tc dng ht vi nc to ra 4,48 lt kh hiro (ktc).
Kim loi M l
M = m/nH2 = 27,4/(4,48/22,4) = 137 => Ba
Cu 6. Ho tan hon ton 11,7 gam hn hp Mg v Al trong dung dch HCl thu c 13,44 kh H 2
(ktc). Khi c cn dung dch thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?
m mui = m kl + 71*nH2 = 11,7 + 71*(13,44/22,4) = 54,3 gam
Cu 7. Ho tan ht 11,2 gam hh Mg, Al, Fe trong dd HCl , sau phn ng thu c 8,4 lit kh (ktc).
Khi lng mui khan thu c l:
m mui = m kl + 71*nH2 = 11,2 + 71*(8,4/22,4) = 37,825 gam
Cu 8. Cho 1,53 gam hn hp Mg, Cu, Zn vo dung dch HCl d thy thot ra 448ml kh (kc).C
cn hn hp sau phn ng ri nung khan trong chn khng s thu c cht rn c khi lng l
A. 2,95 gam
B. 3,90 gam
C. 2,24 gam
D. 1,885 gam
LBTKL: m = mkl + 71*nH2 = 1,53 + 71*(0,448/22,4) = 2,95g

Cu 9. Ha tan hn hp X gm 5,6 gam Fe v 4,8 gam Mg bng dung dch H2SO4 long (d), thu

c dung dch Y. Cho dung dch NaOH d vo Y thu c kt ta Z. Nung Z trong khng kh n khi
lng khng i, thu c m gam cht rn. Bit cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca m l
m =1/2(5,6/56)*160 + (4,8/24)*40 = 16 gam
Cu 10. Cho hn hp kim loi gm 10,8 gam Al v 4,6 gam Na tc dng vi nc d. Sau khi cc
phn ng xy ra hon ton khi lng cht rn cn li l
m = 10,8 27*(4,6/23) = 5,4 gam
Cu 11. Ha tan 7,8 gam hn hp gm Al v Mg bng dung dch HCl d. Sau phn ng, khi lng
dung dch axit tng thm 7 gam. Xc nh khi lng Mg v Al trong hn hp u?
Gii h: 24x+27y = 7,8 v x +3/2y = 0,8/2 => x = 0,2; y = 0,1 => mMg = 4.8g v mAl = 2,7 g
Cu 12. Cho 4,5 gam hn hp Rb v mt kim loi kim A vo nc thu c 2,24 lt kh H2 (kc).
a) KLK A l:
A. Li
B. Na
C. K
D. Cs
b) % khi lng ca A l:
A. 24,34%
B. 20,3%
C. 49,5%
D. 50,3%
Cu 13. Hn hp X gm 2 kim loi A v B thuc 2 chu k lin tip ca nhm IIA. Ly 0,88 gam X
cho tan hon ton trong dung dch HCl d thy to ra 672 ml kh H 2 (kc). C cn dung dch c m gam
mui khan.
a) Gi tr ca m l:
A. 3,01
B. 1,945
C. 2,995
D. 2,84
b) A v B l
A. Be, Mg
B. Mg, Ca
C. Ca. Sr
D. Sr, Ba

Hot ng 3: Mt s dng bi tp nng cao

Cu 14. (C 2009) Cho dung dch cha 0,1 mol (NH4)2CO3 tc dng vi dung dch cha 34,2 gam
Ba(OH)2. Sau phn ng thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 17,1 gam
B. 19,7 gam
C. 15,5 gam D. 37,4 gam
So snh s mol ca Ba2+ v CO32-, tnh theo s mol nh.
Cu 15. (B/2008) Nhit phn hon ton 40 gam mt loi qung dolomit c ln tp cht tr sinh ra
8,96 lt kh CO2 (kc). Thnh phn % MgCO3.CaCO3 trong loi qung nu trn l
A. 40%
B. 50%
C. 84%
D. 92%
nMgCO3.CaCO3 = 1/2nCO2 => % m MgCO3.CaCO3 = [[*(8,96/22,4)*(24 + 60+40+60)]/40]*100 = 92%
Cu 16. Ha tan 9,14 gam hp kim Cu, Mg, Al bng dung dch HCl d thu c kh A v 2,54 gam
cht rn B. Bit trong hp kim ny khi lng ca Al gp 4,5 ln khi lng ca Mg. Th tch kh A c
xc nh l
A. 7,84 lt
B. 5,6 lt
C. 5,8 lt
D. 6,2 lt
Gi s mol ca Mg l x, lp phng trnh 24x + 4,5*24x = 9,14-2,54 => x = 0,05 mol
Suy ra s mol ca Al l (4,5*24*0,05)/27 = 0,2mol
VH2 = (nMg +3/2nAl)*22,4 = 7,84 lt
Cu 17. Ha tan mu hp kim Na-Ba vo nc c dung dch A v c 13,44 lt H 2 bay ra (kc). Cn
dng bao nhiu ml dung dch HCl 1M trung ha 1/10 dung dch A (ml)
A. 40
B. 120
C. 600
D. 750
nOH- = 2nH2; nOH- = nH+ => VH+ = n/CM = (1/10*2nH2)/CM = 1/10*(2*13,44/22,4)/1 = 0,12 lt
Cu 18. Hn hp X gm 2 kim loi kim v mt kim loi kim th tan hon ton vo nc to dung
dch C v gii phng 0,06 mol kh H2 (kc). Th tch dung dch (ml) H 2SO4 2M cn dng trung ha
dung dch C l
A. 30
B. 120
C. 240
D. 1200
nOH- = 2nH2; nOH- = nH+ ; VH2SO4 = n/CM = (1/2*2nH2)/CM = 1/2*(2*0,06)/2 = 0,03 lt
Cu 19. Ha tan hon ton 6,645 gam hn hp mui clorua ca hai kim loi kim thuc 2 chu k k
tip vo nc c dung dch X. Cho ton b dung dch X tc dng hon ton vi AgNO 3 d thu c
18,655 gam kt ta. Hai kim loi kim trn l
A. Na, K
B. Rb, Cs
C. Li, Na
D. K, Rb
Tnh ra c Mtrung bnh = 15,62.
Cu 20. (A/2010) Cho 7,1 gam hn hp gm mt kim loi kim X v mt kim loi kim th Y tc
dng ht vi lng d dung dch HCl long thu c 5,6 lt kh (kc). X, Y ln lt l
A. Na, Mg
B. Li, Be
C. K, Ca
D. K, Ba
Mkl = 14,2n ( n l ha tr trung bnh ca 2 kim loi)
1 < n< 2 => 14,2 < M < 28,4 => chn Na v Mg
Cu 21. (C 2011) Ha tan hon ton 6,4 gam hn hp gm kim loi R (ch c ha tr II) v oxit ca
n cn va 400ml dung dch HCl 1M. Kim loi R l

A. Be
B. Zn
C. Mg
D. Ca
Tnh ra c Mtrung bnh = 32
M M < 32 < M + 16 => 16< M < 32. Chn Mg.
Cu 22. Cho 1,9 gam hn hp mui cacbonat v hidrocacbonat ca kim loi kim M tc dng ht vi
dung dch HCl d, sinh ra 0,448 lt kh (kc). M l
A. Na
B. K
C. Rb
D. Li
nhh = nCO2 => Mhh = 1,9/(0,448/22,4) = 95
M + 61 < 95 < 2M + 60 17,5 < M < 34. Ch c Na l tha mn iu kin.
Cu 23. (C2010) Cho 9,125 gam mui hidrocacbonat phn ng ht vi dung dch H2O4 d thu
c dung dch cha 7,5 gam mui sunfat trung ha. Cng thc ca mui hidrocacbonat l
A. NaHCO3
B. Mg(HCO3)2 C. Ba(HCO3)2
D. Ca(HCO3)2
Gii theo tng gim khi lng v bin lun tm cp nghim M, n ph hp.
2mol mui M(HCO3)n to 1 mol M2(SO4)n gim 26n; x mol mui gim 9,125 7,5 = 1,625 gam
=> x = (2*1,625)/26n => (M + 61n )= 9,125/((2*1,625)/26n ) = 12n, chn n = 2
Cu 24. Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp X gm Na v K vo dung dch HCl d thu c dung
dch Y. C cn Y thu c (m + 31,95) gam hn hp cht rn khan. Ha tan hon ton 2m gam hn hp
X vo nc thu c dung dch Z. Cho t t ht dung dch Z vo 0,5 lt dung dch AlCl 3 1M n phn
ng hon ton thu c kt ta c khi lng l
A. 31,95 gam
B. 140,4 gam
C. 39 gam
D. 15,6 gam
nOH- = n (Na, K) = 2nCl- = 2*[(m+31,95)-m]/35,5 = 1,8 mol
n Al3+ = 0,5 mol => n = 4*nAl3+ - nOH- = 4*0,5 1,8 = 0,2 mol => m = 0,2 * 78 = 15,6 gam
Cu 25. Dung dch X cha hn hp gm Na2CO3 1,5M v KHCO31M. Nh t t tng git n ht
350ml dung dch HCl 1M vo 100ml dung dch X, sinh ra V lt CO2 (kc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 4,48
B. 1,12
C. 3,36
D. 2,24
Gii theo phng trnh ion thu gn:
H+ + CO32- HCO3H+ + HCO3- CO2 + H2O
Cu 26. Ha tan hon ton 8,94 gam hn hp gm Na, K v Ba vo nc thu c dung dch X v
2,688 lt kh H2 (kc). Dung dch Y gm HCl v H2SO4 c t l mol tng ng l 4:1. Trung ha dung
dch X bi dung dch Y th thu c tng khi lng mui l
A. 13,70 gam
B. 18,46 gam
C. 12,78 gam
D. 14,62 gam
Gi x l s mol ca H2SO4 -> nHCl = 4x.
nH+ = nOH- = 6x => x.
LBTKL: m mui = m kl + m gc axit
Cu 27. C 5 l mt nhn, mi l ng mt trong cc dung dch sau: NaHSO 4, KHCO3, Mg(HCO3)2,
Na2SO3, Ba(HCO3)2. Ch dng cch un nng, ta nhn bit c bao nhiu l?
A. 5 l
B. Mg(HCO3)2 C. Mg(HCO3)2, Ba(HCO3)2
D. KHCO3, Mg(HCO3)2, Ba(HCO3)2

Cu 28. Khi in phn 1dm3 dung dch NaCl (d = 1,2). Trong qu trnh in phn ch thu c 1 cht

kh in cc. Sau qu trnh in phn kt thc, dung dch cn li trong bnh in phn c em c cn
cho ht hi nc thu c 125 gam cn kh. em cn kh nhit phn thy khi lng gim 8 gam.
Hiu sut qu trnh in phn l
A. 46,8%
B. 20,3%
C. 56,8%
D. 28,4%
C mt kh, chng t Cl2 to thnh phn ng vi NaOH to NaClO v NaCl.
em cn kh nhit phn c phn ng: NaClO NaCl + O2

Khi lng cn kh gim = khi lng O2 = 8g => s mol NaCl b in phn l 1 mol.
=> lng NaCl khng tham gian phn ng = 125 58,5 = 66,5 gam.
Tm khi lng NaCl ban u em in phn: 66,5 + 58,5 = 125 gam.
Hiu sut phn ng: (58,5/125)*100 = 46,8%
Cu 29. Chia 2,29 gam hn hp gm 3 kim loi Zn, Mg, Al thnh 2 phn bng nhau.
- Phn 1 tan hon ton trong dung dch HCl gii phng 1,456 lt kh H 2 (kc) v m gam hn
hp mui clorua.
- Phn 2 b oxi ha hon ton thu c n gam hn hp 3 oxit.
a) m c gi tr l
A. 4,42 gam
B. 3,355 gam
C. 5,76 gam
D. 3,4525 gam
LBTKL: m = 2,29/2 +(1,456/22,4)*71 = 5,76 gam
b) n c gi tr l
A. 2,185 gam
B. 4,37 gam
C. 6,45 gam
D. 4,15 gam
LBTKL: n = 2,29/2 + 1/2nCl-*16 = 2,29/2 + 0,065*16 = 2,185gam
Cu 30. (B/2007) Hn hp X gm Na v Al. Cho m gam X vo mt lng d nc th thot ra V lt
kh H2(kc). Nu cng cho m gam X vo dung dch NaOH (d) th c 1,75V lt kh (kc). Thnh phn
% theo khi lng ca Na trong X l
A. 39,87%
B. 77,31%
C. 49,87%
D. 29,87%
Chn V = 22,4 lt cho n gin. Thy khi tc dng vi H2O, Al d.
Gi 2a, b ln lt l s mol Na v Al. Gii h 4a = 1 v a + 1,5b = 1,75 => a = 0,25 v b = 1
%Na = [0,5*23/(0,5*23+1*27)]*100 = 29,87%

CC DNG BI TP KIM LOI KIM,

KIM TH V HP CHT
I. Kim tra bi c
1) V tr ha hc ca KLK, KT trong BTH? Tnh cht ha hc ca KLK, KT? (1)
2) Nu hin tng xy ra khi cho Na vo dung dch CuSO4 d? (1)
2) Vit PTPU khi KLK, KT phn ng vi nc? Kim loi no trong 2 nhm ny khng tc dng
vi nc? (1,5)
3) Phng php thng dng iu ch cc kim loi kim, kim th? (1)
4) Nc cng l g? Phn loi nc cng? (1)
5) Trnh by phng php lm mm nc cng? (c vit PTPU minh ha) (2)
6) Tn gi thng mi ca canxisunfat? Phn loi? Loi canxisunfat no c dng b bt khi
gy xng? (1,5)
7) Tnh cht hc hc c trng ca natrihidrocacbonat? Sn phm khi nhit phn mui ny? (1)

II. Cc cu hi trong thi tt nghip

Nm 2008
1. lm mm nc cng vnh cu, ta dng dung dch
A. Ca(NO3)2.
B. Na2CO3.
C. NaCl.
2. Cht phn ng c vi dung dch H2SO4 to ra kt ta l

A. BaCl2.

B. Na2CO3.
C. NaOH.
3. Kim loi khng phn ng vi nc nhit thng l
4. Phng php thch hp iu ch kim loi Ca t CaCl2 l

A. in phn dung dch CaCl2.

D. HCl.
D. NaCl
A. Ba. B. Fe. C. K.

D. Na.

B. nhit phn CaCl2.

2+
C. dng Na kh Ca trong dung dch CaCl2.
D. in phn CaCl2 nng chy.
5. S electron lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t kim loi thuc phn nhm chnh nhm II l
A. 4.
B. 1.
C. 2.
D. 3.
6. NaOH 1M bng 100 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Gi tr ca V l
A. 300.
B. 400.
C. 100.
D. 200.
Nm 2010
7. Cht lm mm nc c tnh cng ton phn l
A. CaSO4
B. NaCl
C. Na2CO3
D. CaCO3
8. Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t kim loi kim th l
A. ns2np2
B. ns2np1
C. ns1
D. ns2
9. Kim loi khng phn ng c vi nc nhit thng l A. Li
B. Ca C. K
D. Be
10. Cho dung dch Na2CO3 vo dung dch Ca(HCO3)2 thy
A. c kt ta trng v bt kh
B. khng c hin tng g
C. c kt ta trng
D. c bt kh thot ra
11. Cho dy cc kim loi kim: Na, K, Rb, Cs. Kim loi trong dy c nhit nng chy thp nht l
A. Na.
B. K.
C. Rb.
D. Cs.
12. Trong t nhin,canxi sunfat tn ti di dng mui ngm nc (CaSO4.2H2O) c gi l
A. Thch cao sng
B. vi
C. Thch cao khan D. Thch cao nung

13. iu ch kim loi K bng phng php

A. dng kh CO kh ion K+ trong K2O nhit cao.
C. in phn KCl nng chy

B. in phn dung dch KCl c mng ngn

D. in phn dung dch KCl khng c mng ngn

Nm 2012
14. Cho dy cc cht: Al2O3, KOH, Al(OH)3, CaO. S cht trong dy tc dng vi H2O l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 3.
15. Kim loi no sau y l kim loi kim ? A. Cr.
B. K.
C. Al.
D. Fe.
16. Dung dch cht no sau y phn ng vi CaCO3 gii phng kh CO2 ?

A. CH3NH2.

B. CH3COOH.
C. C2H5OH.
D. C6H5NH2.
17. Dung dch no sau y phn ng c vi dung dch CaCl2 ?

A. NaCl.

B. HCl.
C. Na2CO3.
D. NaNO3.
18. Cht X tc dng vi dung dch HCl. Khi cht X tc dng vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 sinh ra kt ta. Cht X
B. BaCl2.
C. AlCl3.
D. CaCO3.
l A. Ca(HCO3)2.
19. Nhit phn hon ton 50,0 gam CaCO3 thu c V lt kh CO2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V l

A. 11,2.
Nm 2013

B. 33,6.

C. 5,6.

D. 22,4.

20. Nc c cha nhiu cc ion no sau y c gi l nc cng?

A. Ca2+, Mg2+.
B. Cu2+, Fe2+.
C. Zn2+, Al3+.
D. K+, Na+.
21. Hp th hon ton V lt kh CO2(ktc) vo dung dch Ca(OH)2d, thu c 10 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l
A. 2,24.
B. 4,48.
C. 3,36.
D. 1,12.
22. Cho dy cc kim loi: Na, Ba, Al, K, Mg. S kim loi trong dy phn ng vi lng d dung dch FeCl 3
thu c kt ta l
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 2.
D. 4.
23. Nhn xt no sau y khng ng?
A. Cc kim loi kim u mm v nh.
B. Cc kim loi kim u c nhit nng chy rt cao.
C. Cc kim loi kim u c tnh kh mnh.
D. Cc nguyn t kim loi kim u c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l ns 1.
24. Cho dy cc kim loi: Na, K, Mg, Be. S kim loi trong dy phn ng mnh vi H 2O iu kin thng l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 1.
25. Trong cng nghip, kim loi kim v kim loi kim th c iu ch bng phng php
A. in phn dung dch.
B. in phn nng chy.
C. thy luyn. D. nhit luyn.

Nm 2014
26. Kim loi no sau y l kim loi kim th?
A. Ba.
B. Cr.
C. Fe.
D. Al.
27. phn bit dung dch CaCl2 vi dung dch NaCl, ngi ta dng dung dch
A. KNO3.
B. Na2CO3.
C. NaNO3.
D. HNO3.
28. trng thi c bn, cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t K (Z = 19) l
A. 4s1.
B. 3s1.
C. 2s1.
D. 3d1.
29. Cho dy cc kim loi: Li, Na, Al, Ca. S kim loi kim trong dy l:
A. 1.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 4.
30. Sc kh no sau y vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy xut hin kt ta mu trng?
A. CO2.
B. O2.
C. HCl.
D. H2.
31. nhit thng, kim loi Na phn ng vi nc to thnh
A. NaOH v H2.
B. NaOH v O2.
C. Na2O v H2.
D. Na2O v O2.
32. Ha tan hon ton 3,80 gam hn hp 2 kim loi kim thuc 2 chu k lin tip trong dung dch HCl d, thu
c 2,24 lt kh H2 (ktc). Hai kim loi kim l
A. K v Rb.
B. Na v K.
C. Rb v Cs.
D. Li v Na.

III. Cc dng bi tp c bn
Cu 1. in phn nng chy 23,4 gam mui clorua ca mt kim loi kim, sau khi phn ng xy ra
hon ton, anot thu c 4,48 lt kh (ktc). Mui ca kim loi kim em in phn l? S: NaCl
Cu 2. Thi V ml (ktc) kh CO2 vo 600 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,03M th thu c 0,6 gam kt ta.
Gi tr ca V l:
S : V = 0,1344 lt hoc V = 0,672 lt.
Cu 3. Kali icromat phn ng vi dung dch mui st (II) trong mi trng axit theo phn ng:
K2Cr2O7 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 ---> K2SO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 + Cr2(SO4)3 + H2O. Nu cho 0,6 mol FeSO4 phn
ng va th cn bao nhiu gam K2Cr2O7?
S: 29,4 gam.

Cu 4. Cho 8,12 gam hn hp 2 kim loi nhm IIA tan hon ton trong dd H 2SO4 long d thu 4,48

lt H2 (kc). Khi lng mui sunfat thu c sau phn ng l

S: 27,32 gam
Cu 5. Cho 27,4 g mt kim loi M nhm IIA tc dng ht vi nc to ra 4,48 lt kh hiro (ktc).
Kim loi M l
S: Ba
Cu 6. Ho tan hon ton 11,7 gam hn hp Mg v Al trong dung dch HCl thu c 13,44 kh H 2
(ktc). Khi c cn dung dch thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?
S: 54,3 gam
Cu 7. Ho tan ht 11,2 gam hh Mg, Al, Fe trong dd HCl , sau phn ng thu c 8,4 lit kh (ktc).
Khi lng mui khan thu c l:
S: 37,825 gam
Cu 8. Cho 1,53 gam hn hp Mg, Cu, Zn vo dung dch HCl d thy thot ra 448ml kh (kc).C
cn hn hp sau phn ng ri nung khan trong chn khng s thu c cht rn c khi lng l
A. 2,95 gam
B. 3,90 gam
C. 2,24 gam
D. 1,885 gam
S: 2,95g
Cu 9. Ha tan hn hp X gm 5,6 gam Fe v 4,8 gam Mg bng dung dch H2SO4 long (d), thu
c dung dch Y. Cho dung dch NaOH d vo Y thu c kt ta Z. Nung Z trong khng kh n khi
lng khng i, thu c m gam cht rn. Bit cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca m l
S: 16 gam
Cu 10. Cho hn hp kim loi gm 10,8 gam Al v 4,6 gam Na tc dng vi nc d. Sau khi cc
phn ng xy ra hon ton khi lng cht rn cn li l
S: 5,4 gam
Cu 11. Ha tan 7,8 gam hn hp gm Al v Mg bng dung dch HCl d. Sau phn ng, khi lng
dung dch axit tng thm 7 gam. Xc nh khi lng Mg v Al trong hn hp u?
S: mMg = 4.8g v mAl = 2,7 g
Cu 12. Cho 4,5 gam hn hp Rb v mt kim loi kim A vo nc thu c 2,24 lt kh H2 (kc).

a) KLK A l:
A. Li
B. Na
C. K
D. Cs
b) % khi lng ca A l:
A. 24,34%
B. 20,3%
C. 49,5%
D. 50,3%
Cu 13. Hn hp X gm 2 kim loi A v B thuc 2 chu k lin tip ca nhm IIA. Ly 0,88 gam X
cho tan hon ton trong dung dch HCl d thy to ra 672 ml kh H 2 (kc). C cn dung dch c m gam
mui khan.
a) Gi tr ca m l:
A. 3,01
B. 1,945
C. 2,995
D. 2,84
b) A v B l
A. Be, Mg
B. Mg, Ca
C. Ca. Sr
D. Sr, Ba

IV. Mt s dng bi tp nng cao

Cu 14. (C 2009) Cho dung dch cha 0,1 mol (NH 4)2CO3 tc dng vi dung dch cha 34,2 gam
Ba(OH)2. Sau phn ng thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 17,1 gam
B. 19,7 gam
C. 15,5 gam D. 37,4 gam
Cu 15. (B/2008) Nhit phn hon ton 40 gam mt loi qung dolomit c ln tp cht tr sinh ra
8,96 lt kh CO2 (kc). Thnh phn % MgCO3.CaCO3 trong loi qung nu trn l
A. 40%
B. 50%
C. 84%
D. 92%
Cu 16. Ha tan 9,14 gam hp kim Cu, Mg, Al bng dung dch HCl d thu c kh A v 2,54 gam
cht rn B. Bit trong hp kim ny khi lng ca Al gp 4,5 ln khi lng ca Mg. Th tch kh A
c xc nh l
A. 7,84 lt
B. 5,6 lt
C. 5,8 lt
D. 6,2 lt
Cu 17. Ha tan mu hp kim Na-Ba vo nc c dung dch A v c 13,44 lt H2 bay ra (kc). Cn
dng bao nhiu ml dung dch HCl 1M trung ha 1/10 dung dch A (ml)
A. 40
B. 120
C. 600
D. 750
Cu 18. Hn hp X gm 2 kim loi kim v mt kim loi kim th tan hon ton vo nc to dung
dch C v gii phng 0,06 mol kh H2 (kc). Th tch dung dch (ml) H 2SO4 2M cn dng trung
ha dung dch C l
A. 30
B. 120
C. 240
D. 1200
Cu 19. Ha tan hon ton 6,645 gam hn hp mui clorua ca hai kim loi kim thuc 2 chu k k
tip vo nc c dung dch X. Cho ton b dung dch X tc dng hon ton vi AgNO 3 d thu
c 18,655 gam kt ta. Hai kim loi kim trn l
A. Na, K
B. Rb, Cs
C. Li, Na
D. K, Rb
Cu 20. (A/2010) Cho 7,1 gam hn hp gm mt kim loi kim X v mt kim loi kim th Y tc
dng ht vi lng d dung dch HCl long thu c 5,6 lt kh (kc). X, Y ln lt l
A. Na, Mg
B. Li, Be
C. K, Ca
D. K, Ba

Cu 21. (C 2011) Ha tan hon ton 6,4 gam hn hp gm kim loi R (ch c ha tr II) v oxit ca
n cn va 400ml dung dch HCl 1M. Kim loi R l
A. Be
B. Zn
C. Mg
D. Ca
Cu 22. Cho 1,9 gam hn hp mui cacbonat v hidrocacbonat ca kim loi kim M tc dng ht vi
dung dch HCl d, sinh ra 0,448 lt kh (kc). M l
A. Na
B. K
C. Rb
D. Li
Cu 23. (C2010) Cho 9,125 gam mui hidrocacbonat phn ng ht vi dung dch H2O4 d thu
c dung dch cha 7,5 gam mui sunfat trung ha. Cng thc ca mui hidrocacbonat l
A. NaHCO3
B. Mg(HCO3)2 C. Ba(HCO3)2
D. Ca(HCO3)2
Cu 24. Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp X gm Na v K vo dung dch HCl d thu c dung
dch Y. C cn Y thu c (m + 31,95) gam hn hp cht rn khan. Ha tan hon ton 2m gam hn
hp X vo nc thu c dung dch Z. Cho t t ht dung dch Z vo 0,5 lt dung dch AlCl 3 1M n
phn ng hon ton thu c kt ta c khi lng l
A. 31,95 gam
B. 140,4 gam
C. 39 gam
D. 15,6 gam
Cu 25. Dung dch X cha hn hp gm Na2CO3 1,5M v KHCO31M. Nh t t tng git n ht
350ml dung dch HCl 1M vo 100ml dung dch X, sinh ra V lt CO2 (kc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 4,48
B. 1,12
C. 3,36
D. 2,24
Cu 26. Ha tan hon ton 8,94 gam hn hp gm Na, K v Ba vo nc thu c dung dch X v
2,688 lt kh H2 (kc). Dung dch Y gm HCl v H 2SO4 c t l mol tng ng l 4:1. Trung ha dung
dch X bi dung dch Y th thu c tng khi lng mui l
A. 13,70 gam
B. 18,46 gam
C. 12,78 gam
D. 14,62 gam
Cu 27. C 5 l mt nhn, mi l ng mt trong cc dung dch sau: NaHSO 4, KHCO3, Mg(HCO3)2,
Na2SO3, Ba(HCO3)2. Ch dng cch un nng, ta nhn bit c bao nhiu l?
A. 5 l
B. Mg(HCO3)2 C. Mg(HCO3)2, Ba(HCO3)2
D. KHCO3, Mg(HCO3)2, Ba(HCO3)2
Cu 28. Khi in phn 1dm3 dung dch NaCl (d = 1,2). Trong qu trnh in phn ch thu c 1 cht
kh in cc. Sau qu trnh in phn kt thc, dung dch cn li trong bnh in phn c em c
cn cho ht hi nc thu c 125 gam cn kh. em cn kh nhit phn thy khi lng gim 8
gam. Hiu sut qu trnh in phn l
A. 46,8%
B. 20,3%
C. 56,8%
D. 28,4%
Cu 29. Chia 2,29 gam hn hp gm 3 kim loi Zn, Mg, Al thnh 2 phn bng nhau.
- Phn 1 tan hon ton trong dung dch HCl gii phng 1,456 lt kh H 2 (kc) v m gam hn
hp mui clorua.
- Phn 2 b oxi ha hon ton thu c n gam hn hp 3 oxit.
a) m c gi tr l
A. 4,42 gam
B. 3,355 gam
C. 5,76 gam
D. 3,4525 gam
b) n c gi tr l
A. 2,185 gam
B. 4,37 gam
C. 6,45 gam
D. 4,15 gam
Cu 30. (B/2007) Hn hp X gm Na v Al. Cho m gam X vo mt lng d nc th thot ra V lt
kh H2(kc). Nu cng cho m gam X vo dung dch NaOH (d) th c 1,75V lt kh (kc). Thnh
phn % theo khi lng ca Na trong X l
A. 39,87%
B. 77,31%
C. 49,87%
D. 29,87%