BI TP C CCH GII HAY

Cu 1: t chy hon ton hp cht hu c A (cha C, H, O, N) thu c hn hp kh v hi B gm CO 2, H2O v N2

c dB/H2. Dn hn hp B ln lt i qua bnh 1 ng P2O5 d v bnh 2 ng KOH rn d thy t l khi lng bnh 2
tng so vi bnh 1 l 1,3968. Bit s mol O2 phn ng bng tng s mol CO2 v H2O. Cho MA<Manilin. Cng thc phn
t ca A l
A. C2H7O2N
B. C3H7O3N
C. C3H7O2N2
Cch 1: T chn lng cht.
Cch 2: Phn tch s liu mbnh 2 tng/mbnh 1 tng=1,3968

D. C2H5O2N2.

Cu 2: Hn hp X gm 1 mol aminoaxit no, mch h v 1 mol amin no, mch h. x c kh

nng phn ng ti a vi 2 mol HCl hoc 2 mol NaOH. t chy hon ton X thu c 6 mol
CO2, x mol H2O v y mol N2. Gi tr x, y tng ng l
A. 7 v 1

B. 8 v 1,5

C. 8 v 1

D. 7 v 1,5.

Cu 3: Cho 12,55 gam mui CH3CHNH3ClCOOH tc dng va vi 150 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2. C cn dung dch
sau phn ng thu c m gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l
A. 15,65

B. 26,05

C. 34,6

D. 28,48.

Cu 4: Hn hp X gm ba peptit u mch h c t l mol tng ng l 1:1:3. Thy phn hon ton m gam X, thu
c hn hp sn phm gm 14,24 gam alanin v 8,19 gam valin. Bit tng s lin kt peptit trong phn t ca ba
peptit trong X nh hn 13. Gi tr ca m l
A. 18,83

B. 18,29

C. 19,19

D. 18,47

Cch 1: t s mol tng ng ca ba peptit l x, x v 3x.

a1, a2, a3 lasoma

t xch alanin trong 3 peptit.
v1, v2, v3 lasoma
t xch valin trong 3 pep tit.
n
x(a +a +3a3) 0,16 16
Ta co ala = 1 2
=
=
(1)
nval x(v1+v2 +3v3) 0,07 7
ma
t kha
cto
ng solie
n ke
t peptit trong 3 pep tit nhohn 13.
Suy ra: a1+a2 +a3+v1+v2 +v3<16
(2)
T(1) va(2) suy ra: a1+a2 +3a3=16 Suy ra x=0,01
Somol ba peptit la
: x+x+3x=5x=0,05
Ta con-peptit +(n-1) H2O n- -aminoaxit
nH O =nala +nval -npeptit =0,17+0,06-0,05=0,18mol
2

Ba
o toa
n kho
i lng :
mpeptit =mala +mval -mH O =0,16.89+0,07.117-0,05.18=19,19gam
2

Cu 34. Cho X, Y l hai cht thuc dy ng ng ca axit acrylic v M X < MY; Z l ancol c cng s nguyn t
cacbon vi X; T l este hai chc to bi X, Y v Z. t chy hon ton 11,16 gam hn hp E gm X, Y, Z, T cn va
13,216 lt kh O2 (ktc) , thu c kh CO2 v 9,36 gam nc. Mt khc 11,16 gam E tc dng ti a vi dung dch
cha 0,04 mol Br2. Khi lng mui thu c khi cho cng lng E trn tc dng vi KOH d l :
A. 5,44 gam
B. 5,04 gam
C. 5,80 gam
D. 4,68 gam.

 Axit : a
BTNT.O
2a 4b 2c 0, 28

c 0,1
este : b
BTLK.
a 2b 0, 04
ancol : c

Cch 2:

Suy ra Ancol c 3 C ngay

Axit : C3 H 4 O2 : x mol ; C 4 H 6 O2 : y mol x y 2z 0, 04

x 0, 01

BTNT.C
este : C10 H14 O 4 : b
3x 4y 10z 0,17
y 0, 01
ancol : C H O : 0,1
BTKL 72x 86y 198z 3, 56
z 0, 01
3 8 2

m 0,01.2 C2H3COOK C3H5COOK 4,68

Chn D
Cu 38: Mt bnh kn ch cha cc cht sau: axetilen (0,5 mol), vinylaxetilen (0,4 mol), hiro (0,65 mol) v mt t bt
niken. Nung nng bnh mt thi gian, thu c hn hp kh X c t khi so vi H 2 bng 19,5. Kh X phn ng va
vi 0,7 mol AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, thu c m gam kt ta v 10,08 lt hn hp kh Y (ktc). Kh Y phn ng
ti a vi 0,55 mol Br2 trong dung dch. Gi tr ca m l
A. 76,1.

B. 92,0.

C. 75,9.

D. 91,8.

Dng bo ton lin kt pi;

S mol kh to kt ta=(0,526+0,452+0,652):39-10,08:22,4=0,45
Gi x , y , z ln lt l s mol axetilen , vinylaxetilen v but-1-in trong X
x+y+z=0,45
2x+y+z=0,7
Bo ton lin kt pi :
2x+3y+2z=0,52+0,43-(1,55-(0,526+0,452+0,652):39)-0,55=1
=>x=0,25 ; y=0,1; z=0,1=>m=0,25240+0,1159+0,1161=92
Cu 45: Cho hn hp X gm Al v Mg tc dng vi 1 lt dung dch gm AgNO 3 a mol/l v Cu(NO3)2 2a mol/l, thu
c 45,2 gam cht rn Y. Cho Y tc dng vi dung dch H 2SO4 c, nng (d), thu c 7,84 lt kh SO 2 ( ktc, l
sn phm kh duy nht). Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca a l
A. 0,25.

B. 0,30.

C. 0,15.

D. 0,20.

Dng pp gi nh; cht rn c Ag; Cu; Cu2+ d;Al, Mg ht

Gi s Y ch c a mol Ag : a=45,2:108=>a=0,4185<0,352
Gi s Y c a mol Ag v 2a mol Cu : 108a+264a=45,2=>a=113:590
5a=0,9576>0,352
=>Hn hp Y c a mol Ag v (45,2-108a):64 mol Cu
a+(45,2-108a):642=0,352=>a=0,3

Cu 59: Hn hp X gm tripanmitin, tristearin, axit acrylic, axit oxalic, p-HO-C 6H4CH2OH

(s mol , p-HO-C6H4CH2OH=s mol axit acrylic+s mol axit oxalic). Cho 56,4112 gam X
tc dng hon ton vi 58,5 gam dung dch NaOH 40%, c cn dung dch sau phn ng th
thu c m gam cht rn v phn bay hi c cha cht hu c chim 2,916% v khi lng.

t chy hon ton 0,2272 mol X th cn 37,84256 lt O 2 (ktc) v thu c 18,0792 gam
H2O. Gi tr ca m gn nht vi gi tr no sau y?
A. 68

B. 70

C. 72

D. 67

Cu 62: t chy 0,15 mol hn hp gm metyl acrylat, etilen glycol, axetanehit v ancol
metylic cn dng a mol O2. Sn phm chy dn qua 200 ml dung dch Ca(OH) 2 1M, lc b
kt ta cho dung dch Ba(OH)2 d vo phn dung dch nc lc thu thm 53,46 gam kt ta.
Gi tr ca a gn nht vi gi tr n sau y?
A. 0,50

B. 0,45

C. 0,60

D. 0,55.

Cu 65: Hn hp X gm mt s hp cht hu c bn, mi cht ch cha 2 nhm chc trong

3 nhm chc ancol, anhit, axit ngoi ra khng c nhm chc no khc v khi t chy V
lt mi cht u thu c 2V lt CO 2. Chia 31,44 gam hn hp X thnh 3 phn bng nhau.
Cho phn mt tc dng vi mt lng dung dch NaHCO 3 va thu c 2,24 lt CO2
(ktc). Cho phn hai tc dng vi mt lng Na va thu c 2,128 lt H 2 (ktc). Cho
phn ba tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 thu c m gam Ag. Cc phn
ng xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca m l
A. 25,92

B. 21,60

C. 23,76

D. 24,84.

Cu 72: Hn hp M gm CH3CH2OH, CH2-CH-CH2OH, CH3COOH, HCOOCH3. t chy

hon ton m gam M cn dng va 0,4 mol O2thu c 0,35 mol CO2 v 0,35 mol H2O.
Mt khc cho m gam M trn tc dng va vi 50 gam dung dch Ba(OH) 2 nng x%.
Gi tr x l
A. 68,40
B. 17,10
C. 34,20
D. 8,55.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 4 THPT Chuyn i hc Vinh Ngh An 2015)
V d 4: (Trch NT-YDS): t chy hon ton 17 gam hn hp X gm 5 cht hu c no, mch h (cc cht c s C

ch cha cc nhm chc CHO v COOH) v c tng s mol l 0,1 mol trong 3,36 lt O 2 ly va . Sau phn
ng thu c hn hp kh v hi, dn ton b hn hp ny qua nc vi trong d sau phn ng thu c bao nhiu
gam kt ta?
A. 50 gam

B. 60 gam

C. 70 gam

D. 80 gam.

Bi 2: (Bookgol) Hn hp X gm C2H4(OH)2, (COOH)2, CH2OHCOOH. Cho m gam X phn ng vi K to 0,3 mol

kh. Bit m gam X phn ng va ht vi 0,3 mol NaOH. t chy ht m gam X ri cho hp th ht ton b sn phm
chy vo 500 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 1M thy khi lng dung dch thay i a gam. Gi tr a l:
A. Gim 11,4 gam

B. Tng 11,4 gam

Bi 8: (T19/bookgol) Hn hp X gm OHC-C
tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3

C. Gim 5,5 gam

C-CHO, HOOC-C

D. Gim 2,8 gam.

C-COOH, OHC-C

C-COOH. Cho m gam X