W

KW
WW
K K
K K
KGSM K
K K
KW
K W

W
K
KPower point
K W

Introduction
?Radio Communications?

?Cellular Mobile Telephone? ?Personal Communications?

?Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)?

FDMA

?Microprocessor?
K

?Cell?

K?Cellular Telephone System?

?Standards?

Global System for Mobile Communications ?

KGSM?(GSM)

History of Mobile Communications J

?Remote Control?

?Pager? ?Cordless Telephones?

K?Cellular Telephones?
K

EF?Mobile?

?Portable?

?Subscriber?

K?Subscriber Unit?

Pre-Prevailing Stage J J

KE JF

WE JF

W
K?Car Telephone Service?

K?Heavy, bulky and expensive equipments?

K? Handover ?

K? Grade Of Service (GOS)?

K?Low capacity?? frequency reuse?

K? (Very High Power)?

First Generation Mobile Systems(1G) J J

?Cellular Mobile Systems?

?Cell?

K
1GK

E JF?Analogue Technology?
K?1G?

?1G?E JF

(1970's-1980's)

W?Cellular systems?
K?Frequency Reuse?

K?Adaptive Power Control?

K?(Cell Sectorization)?

K?Cell Splitting?
K?Handover?

K?Analog Technology?
K

K?Incompatible Systems?

K? Capacity Saturation?

K? Voice Service Only ?

K?Insufficient Transmission Quality?

K?No Encryption?

K?Frequency Modulation (FM)?

K?FDMA?

KK
-

?1G?E JF

Operational
year

Operating
Frequency
(MHz)

1979

800

1979

800
450
900
900
450
450
900
450
900

1981-85
1985
1985
1985
1989
1985
1990

Country

System

Japan

Nippon Telephone and Telegraphy (NTT-MTS)

US

Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS)

Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT)

Scandinavia
UK
Germany

Total Access Communication System (TACS)

C450

France

Radiocom 2000 (NMT)

Italy

RTMS
TACS

Second Generation Mobile Systems(2G) J J
K2G

Committee of ? ?Standards?

?European Post and Telecommunications (CEPT)

K

W

Pan-European Digital Cellular Standard (GSM) E

900 MHz

K?Group Special Mobile (GSM)?

K?Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)?

Electronic Association Interim Standard (IS-54) E
IS-54

30KHz
?Advanced Mobile Phase Service (AMPS)?

?TDMA?

KDAMPS AMPS ?FDMA?

KIS-136

Interim Standard (IS-95) E

Code Division ?

?Mutiple Access (CDMA)

?Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA)?

KIS-95

W E
-

?Japan Digital Cellular (JDC)?

?Personal Digital Cellular (PDC)?

1500MHz 800MHz IS-54/IS-136

?Personal Handy Phone System (PHS)?

KE1895 - 1918MHzF
W E

Digital ?

Cordless Telephony ? ?Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT)

?(CT-2)

K864- 868 MHz

?2G? WE JF

W
K?Common Standard?
K?International Roaming?
K?Huge Capacity?

K?Digital Encryption Techniques?

K?Reducing Noise and Interferance?
K?Low Cost Equipment?
K?Low Power Consumption?
Light Weight, Compact, Small Size ?

K?Terminals
K?TDMA digital transmission?

Integrated Services Digital Network ?

K?Compatibility

?2G?WE JF

Operational
year
1991
1991
1992
1993
1993

Frequency
range (MHz)
900
800/1900
1800
800/1900
1800

1994

900

1995

1900

Country

Europe & Middle East
America " US"
Europe
America " US"

( )

System

GSM 900
D-AMPS (IS-54 / IS-136)
GSM 1800
IS-95 ( CDMAone )
DCS 1800

United Kingdom "UK"

Japan

Personal Digital Cellular

"PDC"
Personal Communication
America " US"
Services "PCS"

9.6kbps

K?SMS?

2.5G
KPackets
General Packet Radio Services (GPRS) 2.5 G J J

K?General Packet Radio Services (GPRS)?

-

Packets Switched Data

KCircuit Switched Data
?IP?

K40kbps 114kbps

Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution (EDGE) 2.75 G J J

8PSK

?Multimedia? 384kb/s

Enhanced Data Rates for (EDGE)? W

Enhanced Data Rates for (EDGE)? GSM ?Global Evolution

K?GSM Evolution

Third Generation Mobile Systems(3G) J J

PSTN
KISDN

E JFK

?Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunication System (FPLMTS)?

2025 MHz 1885

K2200 MHz 2110

?European Institute of Telecommunications Standards (ETSI)?

K?Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS)?

?International Mobile Telecommunication system for the year 2000 (IMT2000)?

K?International Telecommunication Union (ITU)?

K?Global Standard?

K?Global Roaming?

K?Multimedia Services?

K?Unique Universal Handset?

Multiple Environment (Indoor, ? EF

K?outdoor, and vehicular scenarios)

Circuit and packet switching ?

K?mode of services

K?World Compatibility?

K?2G??3G?

K?High Transmission Data Rate?K2Mbps

(3.5G) J J
-

K3 Mbps

HSDPA=High-? K

?Speed Downlink Packet Access

.
?3.75G? J J

5.8 ?3.5?

? HSUPA=High-Speed Uplink Packet Access?Mbps

. ?3.75?
WThe Forth Generation (4G) J J

K
?Time-Any Any Where? ?Real Time Audio?

?IPV6? K ?IPV6?

NTTdocomo ?
?Motorolla, Orange Vodafone,?
WKE2012 2015F

1 Gbps 100 Mbps K

K

K K

K?WiMax??WiFi? K

K K
K K

K K

KEIPV6FIP K
KIEEE standards 802.11 K

K 15K2015

Packet Radio

Private Mobile
Radio

Analog Cellular
Systems
C-Netz, NMT,
AMPS

Bluetooth

Digital Trunked
Radio TETRA

Mobile ATM

Digital Cellular

GSM Phase 2+,

System GSM

GPRS, WAP,.

Analog Cordless
phones

Digital Cordless
Systems Digital
PBX, DECT

Cordless Public
Telephone

Wireless Local
Loop WLL
Radio in Local
Loop RLL

Satellite System
Inmarsat

Satellite Systems
LEO, MEO

-
Paging Systems

Mobile Data Networks,

Mobile IP, Wireless LAN
(HIPERLAN, 802.11)

Paging Systems

UMTS
IMT - 2000

WE JF

GSM J
GSM J J

GSM

GSM
K

K
GSM J J
?GSM?WE JF

(CEPT)

K900MHz 225MHz
KCEPT(Group special mobile (GSM))
FDMA
KGSMTDMA
European Telecommunication (ETSI) Standards ?

KGSM?Institute
?Phase (1)?GSM 900
KGSM
KGSM 1800DCS 1800

KGSM 900phase (1)

KGSM 900

"Global System for Mobile GSM

Communications"

?International Roaming Agreement?

K
KEFDCS 1800

Data transmission capabilities launched

KPCS 1900
K?SMS?
KPCS 1900GSM 1900

KWireless Application Protocol

K?General Packet Radio Services (GPRS)?
KWCDMA

K3G

GSM J J

GSM 1980s

K GSM

GSM

?Phase (1)?

GSM GSM

E JF K
?Standardization? ?Idea? GSM

K?Implementation/usage?

Phase 2+

Phase 2

Phase 1

1989

Idea

1990

1991

1992

1994

1995

Standardization

1993

WE JF

Implementation / Usage

Phase (1)
W
K?Voice Telephony?

K?International Roaming?

K9.6 kbits/s
K?Call Forwarding?

K?Call Barring?

K?Short Message Service (SMS)?

K?Ciphering?

K?Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) Card?

Phase (2)

W
K?Advice of charge?

K?Calling line Identification?

K?Call Waiting?

K?Call Hold?

K?Conference Calling?

K?Closed Users Groups?K

K?Additional Data Communications Capabilities?

Phase (2+)H

W
K?Multiple Service Profiles?

K?Private Numbers ?
K?Access to the Central Services?

K?DECT? GSM 1900 GSM 1800

Phase (2++)HH
W?Radio Interface?
-

K?EDGE?
?Customized Application for Mobile Enhanced Logic (CAMEL)?

?Intelligent Networks(IN)?
K

High ? ?Time Slots?

K?Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD)

W K
K?Mobile? J

K?Portable? J

K?Subscriber? J

K?Subscriber Unit? J

K K

GSM K
GSM K