The drill string is composed of the bit, drill stem, jars and a rope socket enabling

their attachment to the drilling line or cable. The drill bits are bars with one lower
or drilling end dresed to varying degrees of sharpnes and they are made from
high carbon and molybdenum-alloy steels.
Drill stem is a cilindrical steel bar used to furnish aditional weith for the downroad
drilling blow.
Next part, jars, are heavy steel links which produce a sharp upward blow on the
tools, causing them to be jerked loose from soft, sticky formations, and allowing a
clean sharp drilling blow. Long stroke jars are often use din fishing jobs (retrieving
tools lost or stuck in a hole). Another important parts of drill string are connectors
for the bit, drill stem, etc. called tool joints. Their thread design allows easy
makeup, and the necessary tightness from the metal to metal fit at the flat
shuldes of the joint.