CAIRO UNIVERSITY

Faculty of Engineering
Irrigation &Hydraulics Department

FLUID MECHANICS
2nd Year CIVIL ENG.
2010 - 2011

6. APPLICATIONS ON LAMINAR AND TURBULENT FLOW

1. Determine the type of flow in a 305 mm diameter pipe when
a) Water flows at average velocity of 1.0 m/sec and = 1.13 x 10-6 m2/sec.
b) Glycerin flows at a rate of 1.8 lit/min having = 1260 kg/m3 and = 0.9 N.s/m2.
2. In the injection molding of a certain plastic the heated compound is forced under
pressure difference of 0.7 kg/cm2 through a pipe 25 cm long and 0.5 cm diameter. If
the mean velocity of flow is 40 cm/s, calculate the viscosity of the compound
assuming laminar flow. If the specific gravity of the compound is 1.5, verify the
assumption of the flow type.
3. Glycerin of density 1245 kg/m3 and viscosity 0.72 kg/m.s. flows through a pipe of 80
mm diameter. If the shear stress at the pipe wall is 300 Pa, calculate:
a) The pressure gradient along the pipe.
b) The average velocity.
c) The Reynolds number.
d) The discharge.
4. Determine the shear stress at the inner wall of a 305 mm diameter pipe when an oil (
S.G= 0.8) of kinematic viscosity of 105 x 10-6 m2/s causes a measured head loss of 15
m in 10 km pipe length. What is the value of the shear stress 51 mm from the pipe
centerline? Also, calculate the shear velocity, average velocity and the maximum
velocity.
5. Oil of dynamic viscosity 1.5 poise and specific gravity 0.9 flows through a vertical
pipe of diameter 5 cm. A pressure gauge reads 6 kg/cm2 while another gauge 20 m
higher reads 2 kg/cm2. Find the direction of flow and the discharge.
6. Water flows at a velocity of 1.5 m/sec through a 5 cm diameter pipe sloping upwards
at 45. At a section some distance downstream the inlet, the pressure is 700kPa, and at
a section 30 m farther the pressure is 462kPa. Determine the shear stress at the wall of
the pipe and the radius of 10mm. Determine the power consumed to drive the water
for a distance 500 m.
7. Determine the shear stress at the wall of 10 cm diameter vertical pipe with no pressure
gradient when glycerin ( = 0.9 N.s/m2, S.G. = 1.26) flows through it. Also calculate
the rater of flow, velocity and shear stress at 3 cm from the pipe wall, and the losses
per 100 m.
8. Calculate the head lost due to friction for a flow in a horizontal circular pipe of 40 mm
diameter and 750 m long when water of dynamic viscosity 1.14 x 10-3 N.s/m2 flows at
a rate of (a) 4 lit/min. (b) 30 lit/min. (Assume a pipe roughness of 0.08mm).