BAJA KARBON (CARBON STEEL)

BAJAKARBON(CARBONSTEEL)
Materi Kuliah Bahan Teknik

Definisi
Baja
Bajakarbonadalahmateriallogamyang
karbon adalah material logam yang
terbentukdariunsurutamaFedanunsur
kedua yang berpengaruh pada sifatsifatnya
keduayangberpengaruhpadasifat
sifatnya
adalahkarbon,sedangkanunsuryanglain
berpengaruh menurut prosesntasenya
berpengaruhmenurutprosesntasenya.

Diagram Phasa FeC

DiagramPhasaFe
C

Photomicrographsof(a)ferriteand(b)
austenite

Fasa yangterbentuk
yang terbentuk pada baja karbon
Ferrit ,or
, or iron,hasaBCCcrystalstructure
iron, has a BCC crystal structure
atroomtemperature
austenite,or
austenite, or iron,at912
iron, at 912 C(1674
C(1674F),
F),hasa
has a
FCCcrystalstructure.
ferrite,whichfinallymeltsat1538
ferrite, which finally melts at1538 C
C(2800
(2800
F),hasaBCCcrystalstructure
cementite (Fe3C),extendsonlyto6.70wt%C;
(Fe3C), extends only to 6.70 wt% C;
atthisconcentrationtheintermediate
compoundironcarbide

Klasifikasi bahan Logam

KlasifikasibahanLogam

Kalsifikasi Baja Karbon

KalsifikasiBajaKarbon
LowCarbon
Low CarbonSteels,havecontainlessthan
Steels have contain less than
about0.25wt%C
MediumCarbonSteels,havecarbon
Medium Carbon Steels have carbon
concentrationsbetweenabout0.25and0.60
wt%.
wt%
HighCarbonSteels,normallyhavingcarbon
contentsbetween0.60and1.4wt%,
b
0 60 d 1 4 %

Sifatsifat
Sifat
sifatBajaKarbon
Baja Karbon
LowCarbonSteel
relativelysoftandweakbuthaveoutstandingductility
andtoughness;inaddition,theyaremachinable,
weldable, and, of all steels, are the least expensive to
weldable,and,ofallsteels,aretheleastexpensiveto
produce.
Typicalapplicationsincludeautomobilebody
components structural shapes (Ibeams channel and
components,structuralshapes(Ibeams,channeland
angleiron),andsheetsthatareusedinpipelines,
buildings,bridges,andtincans.
haveayieldstrengthof275MPa
have a yield strength of 275 MPa (40,000psi),tensile
(40 000 psi) tensile
strengthsbetween415and550MPa (60,000and
80,000psi),andaductilityof25%EL.

 MediumCarbonSteel
Medium Carbon Steel
Theplainmediumcarbonsteelshavelow
hardenabilities andcanbesuccessfullyheattreated
onlyinverythinsectionsandwithveryrapid
quenchingrates
Additionsofchromium,nickel,andmolybdenum
Additions of chromium nickel and molybdenum
improvethecapacityofthesealloystobeheat
treated,givingrisetoavarietyofstrengthductility
combinations.
combinations
Applicationsincluderailwaywheelsandtracks,gears,
crankshafts,andothermachinepartsandhigh
,
p
g
strengthstructuralcomponentscallingfora
combinationofhighstrength,wearresistance,and
toughness.
toughness

 HighCarbonSteel
High Carbon Steel
thehardest,strongest,andyetleastductileofthe
carbon steels
carbonsteels
alwaysusedinahardenedandtempered
conditionand,assuch,areespeciallywear
,
,
p
y
resistantandcapableofholdingasharpcutting
edge
utilizedascuttingtoolsanddiesforformingand
shapingmaterials,aswellasinknives,razors,
hacksawblades,springs,andhighstrengthwire