M hnh kt cu chu lc ca mt

cng trnh
Nh ph

Cc h kt cu chu lc c bn ca nh nhiu tng:

Cc cu kin chu lc c bn :
Cc cu kin chu lc c bn ca nh gm:
Cu kin dng thanh nh: Ct, dm..
Cu kin phng: Tng, h li thanh dng dn phng,
tm sn phng hoc c sn..
Cu kin khng gian: Li cng, li hp gm cc cu kin
thanh hoc tm phng ghp li.
H kt cu chu lc ca nh nhiu tng l b phn ch yu
ca cng trnh, tip nhn cc loi ti trng ri truyn
xung nn t. N c to thnh t mt bn trn. hoc
nhiu lai cu kin c Trong cc nh cao tng ti trng
ngang l yu t ch yu ca thit k kt cu, vic hn ch
chuyn v ngang l cn thit, i hi kt cu phi c
cng ln v b tr hp l.
Yu cu i vi h chu lc ca nh l:
Mi cu kin phi kh nng chu lc, c bin dng v
dao ng khng qu ln.

H kt cu phi m bo s n nh tng th
Cc h kt cu chu lc c bn ca nh gm:
H khung chu lc:
c to thnh t cc cu kin dng thanh nh ct theo
phng ng, dm theo phng ngang bng lin kt cng.
Cc khung phng lin kt vi nhau qua cc thanh ngang
to thnh mt khi khung khng gian c mt bng vung,
ch nht, a gic, ...
tng cng ngang ca khung c th b tr thm cc
thanh xin ti mt s nhp trn sut chiu cao ca nh, c
th cn thm mt s dn ngang tng trn cng v mt
s tng trung gian, lin kt cc khung vi kt cu dn
ng ny th hiu qu chu lc ca h c th tng thm
30%.
H tng (vach cng) chu lc:
Cc cu kin thng ng chu lc ca nh l cc tm
tng phng. Theo cch b tr tng c cc s sau:
Tng dc chu lc, tng ngang chu lc, tng ngang v
tng dc cng chu lc.
Tng chu ti trng ngang v ti trng ng.
Ti trng ngang c truyn n cc tm tng chu ti
thng qua cc bn sn ( xem l tuyt i cng trong mt
phng ca chng). Do cc vch cng lm vic nh mt
cng xon c chiu cao tit din ln. Kh nng chu ti ca
vch cng ph thuc phn ln vo hnh dng tit din
ngang ca chng ( tu theo cu to c th c dng ch
nht, ch I, ch T hay ch C).
Hin nay VLXD a dng, nn cu trc cc tm tng cng
a dng. Ngoi vic xy bng gch , h li thanh to
thnh t cc ct t gn nhau lin kt qua cc dm
ngang, xin cng c xem l loi kt cu ny.
H tng chu lc thch hp cho cc loi nh cn phn chia
khng gian bn trong ( nh , lm vic, khch sn,...), c
th cao n 20 tng.
H li chu lc:
Li c dng hp rng, tit din kn hoc h, tip nhn cc
loi ti trng v truyn xung nn t. Phn khng gian
bn trong li thng b tr cc thang my, khu WC, ng
ng k thut.
H hp chu lc:
h ny, cc bn sn c gi ln cc kt cu chu ti
nm trong mt phng tng ngoi m khng cn cc gi

trung gian khc bn trong.

C nhiu gii php kt cu khc nhau cho cc bc tng
ngoi chu ti ca h hp.
H hp vi gii php li khng gian c cc thanh cho
thng dng cho cc nh c chiu cao cc ln.
H hn hp:
Cc h hn hp c to thnh t s kt hp gia hai
hoc nhiu h c bn k trn :
. H khung + vch cng
. H khung + li chu lc, ...
Kt cu khung chu lc:
H thng khung chu lc hon ton: kt cu khung chu lc chnh l
ct v dm sn, tng ch l kt cu bao che do tng c th dng vt
liu nh.
H thng khung chu lc khng hon ton: thng dng trong khng
gian mt bng rng hoc b tr khng theo quy tc nht nh.y l kt
cu kt hp va ct chu lc va tng chu lc, va sn dm trong h
thng chu lc va sn dm gi ln tng chu lc.
u im: to khng gian thoi mi.
Nhc im: d sinh ra ng sut cc b, ln khng u, tnh ng nht
khng cao.
C. Kt cu khng gian chu lc
L h kt cu m cc phn t kt cu ca n chu lc theo nhiu chiu
trong khng gian.
H gin khng gian c u im vt tri l kt cu vng chc, kin trc
p, c o. Kt cu gin khng gian c s dng nhiu trong xy
dng cc cng trnh cng cng do tn dng ti a kh nng lm vic ca
cc phn t thanh (chu lc dc) dn n tit kim vt liu v an ton
hn.
Cc u im:
- Tnh thm m cao, ph hp vi cc nhu cu a dng v kin trc.
- Lp rp nhanh chng, d dng, t i hi nhn lc c chuyn mn cao.
- D vn chuyn i xa.
- Tit kim chi ph thp.
- cng cng trnh ln, chng gi bo, ng t tt
- Trng lng bn thn kt cu mi nh, gim chi ph cho thn, mng.
- Thun li cho vic lp t cc h thng k thut trong cng trnh.
- D dng khi sa cha, thay th cc b phn h hng
Nhc im:
- Ch kinh t vi kt cu nhp ln.
- Thi cng phc tp hn.

Ngoi vic ch n phng din chu lc, d dng thi cng v kinh t.
V phng din cu to cn ch tng v mi phi c kh nng cch
nhit v gi nhit nht nh. Sn gc v vch ngn c kh nng cch m
cao. Hnh thc cu to n gin, cc cu kin v vt liu dng rng ri,
trng lng cc cu kin khng ln qu, hp vi iu kin thi cng.