Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The Influence of Propagation Environment in A Live GSM Network PDF
The Influence of Propagation Environment in A Live GSM Network PDF
Introduction
GSM
3
The Propagation
Environment Effect
Dependent
pdf Ray ( ) =
2
2
exp ,
(1)
2
10
ln( )
ln(10)
10
,
pdflog ( ) =
exp
(2)
2 2
ln(10) 2
(3)
where f c is the carrier frequency of operation in
MHz, ht is the base antenna height in meters, d
is the distance between the base station and the
mobile in kilometers. The effect of mobile antenna
height is ignored. When modeling the signal strength
in suburban environments a correction factor is
added to equation (3). The correction factor is given
by [3]
2
f
L ps = 2 log c 5.4,
28
(4)
(5)
C / I = nCi p i (1 p ) S d / I i ,
i=0
n i
(6)
f X (x ) =
1
x L 2
(ln x L )2
2 L 2
,x >0
Handover
given margin.
The last priority is also called better cell handover,
the others are belong to survival handovers.
References
[1] Michel MOULY, Marie-Bernadette Pautet, The
GSM System for Mobile Communications,
CELL & SYS, 1992.
[2] J D Parsons and J G Gardiner, Mobile
Communication Systems, Blackie, Chapter 3,
Figure 8: RXLEV value analysis
1989.
[3] M Hata, Empirical formula for propagation loss
in land mobile radio services, IEEE Trans. Vech.
Technol., vol. 29, pp.317-325, August 1980.
[4] G W Tunnicliffe, A Sathyendran, and A R Murch,
Performance Improvement in GSM Networks
due
to
Slow
conference, 1997.
[5] ETSI/GSM Recommendations 05.02, Digital
Figure 9: RXQUAL value analysis