Moles

1. When sodium is burned in air, one of the products is a pale yellow solid, X.
(a) A sample of solid X was found to contain 1.15 g of sodium and 0.80 g of oxygen.
(i) Show, by calculation, that the empirical formula of X is NaO.
(2)

(ii) The relative formula mass of X is 78. Deduce the formula of X.

(2)

2. Apparatus contains 44 cm3 of 0.010 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid.

(a) Calculate the amount, in moles, of hydrochloric acid in the apparatus.
(2)

(b) A student poured a solution containing 0.010 mol of hydrochloric acid into a beaker. He then added
0.0075 mol of zinc powder and collected the hydrogen given off in a gas syringe.
The equation for the reaction is
Zn(s) +

2HCl (aq)

ZnCl2 (aq)

Is the zinc or the hydrochloric acid in excess? Explain your answer.

H2(g)
(2)

3. Sodium azide (NaN3) is a stable compound at room temperature but decomposes when heated to 300 C.
The equation for the decomposition is:
2NaN3(s) 2Na(l) + 3N2(g)
Sodium azide is used to produce nitrogen gas to inflate car airbags. If a car is involved in a collision, the
sodium azide decomposes.
The nitrogen gas is produced very rapidly and the airbag inflates almost immediately.
(a) (i) A fully-inflated airbag has a total volume of 108 dm3. Calculate the amount of nitrogen, in moles, in a
fully-inflated airbag. [You should assume that the volume of one mole of nitrogen inside the airbag is
24 dm3]
(2)

(ii) Use your answer to (a)(i) to calculate the mass, in grams, of sodium azide required to produce 108 dm
of nitrogen.
(3)

4. (a) 10.0 cm3 of a concentrated solution of sulfuric acid was carefully diluted with water. More water was
then added until the final volume of the solution was 1.00 dm3 (1000 cm3).
In an experiment, a student found that 25.0 cm3 of the diluted sulfuric acid reacted with 30.00 cm3 of sodium
hydroxide solution.
The concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution was 0.200 mol/dm3.
The equation for the reaction is:
2NaOH + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + 2H2O
(i) Calculate the amount, in moles, of sodium hydroxide in 30.00 cm3 of a solution of concentration 0.200
mol/dm3.
(2)

(ii) Using your answer to (a)(i), calculate the amount, in moles, of sulfuric acid in 25.0 cm3 of the diluted
acid.
(1)

(iii) Using your answer to (a)(ii), calculate the concentration, in mol/dm3, of the diluted sulfuric acid.
(2)

(iv) Using your answer to (a)(iii), calculate the concentration, in mol/dm3, of the original, concentrated
sulfuric acid.
(1)