Professional Documents
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Tuong Lai Cua Thuong Mai Dien Tu
Tuong Lai Cua Thuong Mai Dien Tu
I:
nguyn dng
mng
Ging nh ng st, thng mi
in t em ti s tc ng mi, nhanh
chng lm thay i nn kinh t, x hi
v chnh tr (Peter Drucker Ngi
ng u cng ng Hin u)
Thng mi in t l mt ch
nng bng tc ng mnh ti cuc sng
hng ngy ca nhiu ngi. S l khng
qu khi ni rng thng mi in t lun
c ng ngi tham d. Ti tng
ngh rng x hi M vi mng Internet
S ra i v pht trin ca bt k s
vic no u c nguyn nhn v ngun
gc ca n. Trc khi chng ta tho lun
v TMT, chng ta phi hiu ngun gc
ca vn minh nhn loi v s ph thuc
ca loi ngi vo ln sng vn minh
ny.
Alvin Toffler xut bn cun sch Ln
sng th ba cch y 20 nm. Trong
quyn sch ng d on loi
ngi s tin n ln sng vn minh th
ba.
- Ln sng th nht: X hi rung t
Alvin Toffler chia mi nghn nm vn
minh nhn loi thnh 3 ln sng chnh.
th cc my Fax, in thoi c nh v
in thoi di ng.
Thc t, thay i mt cng c khng th
l s ra i ca mt nn vn minh mi.
S ra i ca mt nn vn minh mi
c xy dng trn nn tng ca quan h
con ngi m c bn s lm thay i
cch lm vic, cch sng, cch vui chi
gii tr, cch hc, cch lin lc con
ngi. v lm bin i vn ha. Ch
c vy mi xng ng gi l s ra i
ca mt nn vn minh mi.
My mc c pht minh trong nhng
ngy u ca cuc cch mng cng
nghip ch yu nhm nng cao nng sut
cng nghip. Trong 20 nm cui ca th
k 20, hu ht cc my mc m chng ta
pht minh ra cng c dng d nng
cao nng sut nng nghip. iu ch
khng ng n nhng nm 1990 khi
Internet bt u gy s ch . Cc my
tnh PC nhanh chng tr thnh mt cng
c chung v Internet lm cho thng tin
lin lc tr nn cc k thun tin. iu
lm thay i hon ton cch m
chng ta nh gi v thng tin lin lc
khi chng ta s dng phng thc lin
lc thun li nht hin c.
Khi chng ta vo mng Internet thng qua
my tnh PC, chng ta c th tr chuyn
hoc bn chuyn kinh doanh vi bt k ai
chu M, chu Phi v cc khu vc
khc trn th gii. Ngy nay, cch thc
x hi mng.
Nhiu c quan nghin cu a ra cc
bo co s liu thng k, theo nhng bo
co ny, vo nm 2000, hn 200 triu
ngi bit cch truy nhp v s dng
Internet. iu c ngha l 3% tng
dn s th gii sn sng bc vo x
hi mng.
Vo nm 1998, 29% ca 500 tp on
ch cht trn th gii tuyn dng nhn
ti qua Internet. Vo nm 2000, con s
ny ln ti 79%. Ch tnh ring M,
71% nhn vin xin vic trc tip qua
mng Internet. Cc nc khc cng cho
thy xu hng tng t. Mc d cc con
s thng k cn khc nhau, nhng con s
ca mi nn vn minh. N l mt cu
trc v cng n gin.
Vi nghn nm trc y, t tin chng ta
sng bn cc dng sng v khm ph
ra cch cy ba rung t. iu ny
dn n s ra i ca nn vn minh c
i v tip theo l s xut hin ca
mt h thng to ra ca ci vt cht trong
sut thi i nng nghip. Nh c s
mu m ca tri t, cc hot ng nng
nghip dn dn hnh thnh h thng to ra
ca ci vt cht. Cch trao i hng ha,
s tng tr ln nhau v cch thc lm
rung nhanh chng c truyn li cho
cc th h tr thnh h thng cc x
hi rung t.
lng cng ch m bo s tn
trng ? Do , h thng chnh tr
c hnh thnh ngoi cc c gng ha
gii.
Khi h thng ny hnh thnh mt thc
h dn dn c pht trin xung quanh
n. Dn tc, o c, tn gio v vn
ha c sinh ra do cc nh trit hc,
cc nh t tng nh ng vo nhu cu
tha mn i sng tinh thn ca con
ngi ngay c khi nhu cu vt cht ca
con ngi c tha mn. S tn ti
hi ha ca cc h thng ny nh du
mt nn vn minh hon chnh khc.
Khi ln sng vn minh trn vo thi i
cng nghip, cu trc ca n thay i.
mi no m th gii chng ta cn to
ra s thnh vng. Chng ta c th tm ra
cu tr li bng cch xem xt phn tch
thi i nng nghip, thi i cng
nghip v thi i mng.
Thi i nng nghip: Trng trt trn
cnh ng
Khi nhn li thi i nng nghip, chng
ta thy rng con ngi sn xut lng
thc to ra ca ci vt cht.
Con ngi ln ln t mt lng qu s
bit rt r cuc sng nng thn. Bui
sng, ngi cha v ngi anh trai c th
i lm ng, nh c hoc sn bn. Gia
sc v gia cm cng c nui nh.
Ngi m c th nh ra rau, git qun
o, nu cm v khu v. Con ln trong
nguyn t, cc d n c m rng v
hiu qu ca chng ta nng ln n
tc bo ng. Vic lm, li nhun v
s giu c m chng ta to ra nng ln
ng k, y nn vn minh cng nghip
ln cc tm cao mi.
L do ti sao m cc x hi nng nghip
ban u khng th chuyn sang x hi
cng nghip l khi h o xung mt
su nht nh, ngun nc ngm ngn h
khng i c xa hn. Do khng th khai
thc nhiu ti nguyn thin nhin hn, h
nh quay li nn vn minh trng trt.
Nhng k t khi ng James Watt, ngi
Anh pht minh ra my hi nc, trong
hi nc c s dng ht nc
ng cn c gi l TMT.
Vi c s h tng cng tt th cng nhiu
hot ng thng mi c th trin khai.
i vi Internet, mt vn chung m
chng ta gp phi l lng thi gian ln
ginh cho vic truy cp vo mng. Khi
c nhiu ngi s dng, Internet thng
b tc nghn.
Nhng khi Internet t ti chn ca n
trong cc dch v TMT c cung
cp v nhiu ngi hiu r c iu
ny th cc dch v thng mi nh giao
nhn hng ha v thanh ton s c
phi hp nhp nhng hn v thun li
hn. n khi no m chng ta khng cn
ng nhp vo mng m vn lun kt ni
Xin trch dn ra y mt cm t ca mt
doanh nghip, lin kt con ngi chnh
l khng nh vai tr ca cng ngh.
nhn tnh ha nhu cu th s tng tng
ca con ngi l nn tng trin khai,
thc hin c s h tng m ng i ti
tng lai. N rt ging vi nhng con
ng thi i cng nghip trong mi
con ng khng ch dn ti thnh Rome
m cn i ti nh ca bn. Tt c cc
trm Web s c trang b m thanh v
hnh nh sao cho ngi s dng Internet
c th cm thy thun tin nh vic s
dng in thoi. Tt c nhng iu ny
ph thuc vo s sng to ca cc doanh
nhn th h th ba.
Thit b giao din mng
Kng t cho ti mt cu hi mt hi
ngh: Ti sao i Loan li pht trin
nhanh hn Hng Kng? Phi chng l
do i Loan hc c cng ngh ca
M. Ngi dn i Loan ang nhanh
chng xy dng c s h tng cho mt x
hi mng trong khi nhng ngi Hng
Kng vn ang giai on doanh nhn
th h th nht v th h th hai. Hng
Kng vn cn ang tch cc m cc siu
th v u t vo bt ng sn. Nh th,
nhng ngi Hng Kng b tt hu so
vi nhng ngi i Loan. John
Chambers, Tng Gim c ca Cisco
Systems ni: Mt nm trn mng tng
ng vi by nm trn mt t. Rt
nhiu c hi ln qua i rt nhanh ging
nh khi n n. Nhng bn ng vi
phm, dch v .
Cc c hi kinh doanh i vi cc doanh
nhn th h th t l v tn bi v nhu
cu ca khch hng khng c gii hn.
Vi Internet, TMT ang nhanh chng
tr thnh hin thc. Theo Cng ty IDC
(International Data Corporation), ch c
14 triu ngi truy nhp vo Internet
nm 1995 nhng tng ln 40 triu
ngi vo nm 1996. Nm 1997 con s
ny t ti 80 triu v tng ln 120 triu
vo nm 1998.
Trong cun sch Business @ The
Speed of Thought, Bill Gates d bo
rng 250 triu ngi s truy nhp
Internet vo nm 2000. D bo ny
c chuyn n tn ca nh bn.
Trc y, mua mt chic my nh
bn s thy y l mt nhim v nng n.
Bn phi chn rt nhiu t qung co v
sn phm khc nhau, hoc i tm mt
s siu th v ca hng in trc khi
tm ra chic my nh ng . V nu mun
mt gi c hp l hn, bn phi so snh
gi ca tng ca hng. C nhng lc, bn
khng th tm ra chic my nh ng v
phi chp nhn mua mt chic my nh
khng nh mong i. Rt nhiu thi gian
v cng sc b lng ph trc khi bn
t c mt kt qu tha mn.
By gi, ngay c khi bn khng c thi
gian i mua bn, rt nhiu cng thng tin
no c th quyt nh gi c th trng.
Tng lai coa th thy sn xut gn lin
vi tiu dng. Mi ngi c i x
bnh ng. Nu gi bn a ra khng hp
l th bn c th s mt khch hng.
S dng th trn mng
Trong khi mua bn trn Internet, bn c
th s dng th cc sn phm v mua
chng sau khi cm thy tha mn.
Nhng iu ny l khng thng thng
trong thng mi truyn thng. V d khi
mua mt b ni tht DIY. Bn c th
lo ngi khi phi t quyt nh nhng hng
sn xut c th cung cp mt mu hng
o trn Internet cho bn th. Bn cnh
vic cung cp mu sc, mu m, s o,
cc chc nng cn c nhng li hng
ny c th dn ti c mt s ln giao
nhn trong mt ngy. Mt cch kh thi l
giao nhn tt c hng ha cng mt lc.
V d l hng ha v thc phm ca mt
ngi mua hng ti cng mt siu th s
c giao nhn cng 1 lc/ Mt h thng
giao nhn ph hp v hon chnh l mt
h thng lm cho phng thc giao dch
thc s tr nn thun tin.
Giao nhn hng ha n mt ni gn a
ch ca khch hng sao cho khch hng
c th nhn hng ti im thun li l
mt tng kh thi khc. M, cc ca
hng thng cch xa nhau nhng i
Loan th li khc. Cc ca hng bn l
phc v 24 gi/ ngy ch cch nhau 3 n
5 bc chn. Cc ca hng bn l ny
y chnh l ci m chng ta gi l
TMT.
Do , TMT l mt mi trng thc
hin cc giao ch c li. N khng c
nhng t ngh b him hoc kh hiu.
Vi s xut hin ca cng ngh mi, cc
tng v khi nim mi c sinh ra.
Nhng gii php mi s t c. Nhiu
ngi ang th nghim chng v ti th
ang nghin cu cc kt qu th nghim.
Vic mt cng ty Internet c thnh cng
hay khng ty thuc vo tc v s
chnh xc ca h. N khng ph thuc
vo vn u t ban u ca cng ty ln
n u. Cc khch hng tim nng phi
c nhn ra v h phi c thng bo
ui .com vo tn ca n. Vi cch
, s rt nhiu ngi mua c phiu ca
nh xut bn. Nhng hin tng l
khng bnh thng v s khng ko di
c lu.
Chng ta cn nhn mnh rng TMT l
thng mi. Ti cc bui hi tho, ti
thng t cu hi rng cc c phn
dot.com ang bng n hay mt c phn
dot.com c ng mua khng. N tht n
gin. Bn khng th ch c mt ci ui
dot.com m khng tin hnh hot ng
thng mi no c. Rt nhiu cng ty
ging nh th. Do s l sai lm nu
mua c phiu ca cc cng ty dot.com
ny. TMT l thng mi s dng h
thng v mng vin thng. Sau cng, mt
hp vi cc quy nh ca chnh ph v
to nn ci gi l thng mi.
V c bn, y l 3 dng chy. Dng
chy th nht l dng chy ca thng tin.
C hai bn phi lin lc vi nhau bit
nh cung cp ang bn ci g v ngi
tiu dng mun mua ci g. H trao i
thng tin v hot ng to thnh dng
thng tin. Ch khi no cung cp p ng
cu th ngi bn mi khng m mm
sn xut c.
Dng chy th hai l dng hng ha. Sau
khi trao i thng tin, nh cung cp s s
dng nhiu phng thc khc nhau
giao hng c yu cu cho khch
hng. Hot ng ny lm hon chnh
xung bn v gi mt bt m, b ch bt
u nu trc khi phc v bn. y l
mt hnh thc ca dng hng. Sau khi n
xng bt m bn tr tin cn b ch dng
tin mua gia v v cc loi thc
phm khc. y l dng tin. Cng c
mt dng thng tin. B ch ca hng n
nhn ra rng c nhiu ngi thch n m
b, m tr thch t v nhng khch hng
thch sp ca ca hng. B ch do
c th c tin m ca b ta da trn
nhng thng tin thu nhn c. B ta c
th chun b nhiu hay t ty theo tng
loi m. Tt c nhng thng tin ny s
gip cho s lm n ca b ta trong tng
lai v l mt dng ca dng thng tin.
TMT c ba dng chy ny. TMT i
hi thng mi. Ly v d v
Amazon.com, trong sch ca bn s
c chuyn ti bn sau khi bn t hng
trn Internet. y chnh l thnh phn
giao nhn trc tip trong mi quan h BC.
Mt
v
d
khc
l
www.booksfree.com. Bn c th ti v
hoc c mt quyn sch m bn thch.
Trong trng hp ny khng cn giao
nhn trc tip v ni dung cun sch
c chuyn ti bn thng qua mng.
y chnh l dng hng B n C s ha.
Gi s bn t 1 a CD t mt cng
ty nghe nhn trc tuyn m sau cng ty
ny gi n cho bn. y l hnh thc
giao nhn trc tip B n C. Nhng rt
nhiu cng ty nghe nhn nc ngoi bt
cn ngi nh l lm vic c.
C-C: Cc giao dch gia ngi tiu
dng vi ngi tiu dng
Trong x hi cng nghip, rt kh c th
trin khai cc giao dch gia ngi tiu
dng vi ngi tiu dng. Nhng iu
ny l kh thi trong thi i mng. V d
v mt nh th hoc mt nhc s. Mt
ngi sng tc cc bi th tr tnh cn
ngi kia sng tc nhc. Mi quan h
ny to thnh m hnh C n C. Mt ln
na, m hnh ny c th chia thnh dng
hng ha s hoc giao nhn trc tip. C
hai bn c th gi tc phm ca h cho
nhau thng qua th in t hoc gi
chng ln mng. Khng cn phi trao i
cho nhau cc tc phm ca mnh h vn
5. Vai tr ca Chnh ph
Khi TMT tr nn hon thin, chng ta
s thy rt nhiu thay i v mt x hi.
Ni no trong qu kh c ri ro v giao
dch th rt nhiu nhn vin anh ninh
c thu. By gi, cc c quan chnh
ph c th cn rt nhiu chuyn gia thng
tin c th gip h kim sot dng thng
tin. Ch nh vy th cc gnh nng ca
Chnh ph nh gim st nhp cnh, khen
thng, k lut v x l cc v n hnh
s mi c th c gim nh mt cch
c hiu qu.
Trong qu kh, Chnh ph m bo an
ninh v kim sot tt c cc hot ng
thng mi. Mc d Chnh ph ng vai
tr khng can thip, h khng th b qua
c ngy ch cn nhn nt l c th
thu nhn, s dng v trao i thng tin.
Cc gii hn v khng gian v thi
gian s mt i. Nn kinh t ton cu s
ct cnh. Chng ta phi duy tr nhng
kin thc cn thit sao cho chng ta
khng b tt hu so vi thi i v tr
thnh cc cng dn loi hai.
Chng IV: Mi tc ng ln ca
Thng mi in t
Kha cnh hp dn nht ca TMT
l n cha y nhng bin th. C l
mt ngi c th thm ch tm ra 50
cch gii quyt mt vn . Ri th mt
ln na 50 cch ny c th khng c
tc dng. (Andy Grove Ch tch Intel)
C l nhiu ngi vn cn bn
khon: ti sao c phi lm rm beng
no bi v h lm ch h thng to ra
ca ci vt cht trong thi i cng
nghip.
TMT c mt tc ng su rng bi
v n l mt nn vn minh mi. Ngy
nay, cc doanh nghip TMT c th lm
nhng vic ging nh cc nh my
tng lm trong sut thi i cng nghip
khi h ly i cc cng vic ca ngi
nng dn. iu ny cng gii thch cho
v sp nhp tr gi 185 t USD gia
American Online v Time Warner. Tng
s d tr ngoi t ca i Loan ng
hng th ba trn th gii (cha n 100
t USD). Nhng tng ti sn ca hai cng
ty M ny li vt xa so vi hng thp
k tit kim ca 200 triu ngi dn i
Loan.
L do l g vy? l M, vi
Internet v my tnh PC tin tin nht trn
th gii nhn thc c ln sng mi
thuc v x hi mng. Ci ct li ca x
hi mng l TMT. Bt c ai lm ch
c TMT th s lm ch nn vn minh
sp ti.
V d tp on Sears cn mt th k
tr thnh h thng siu th ln nht th
gii. Tuy nhin, Wal-Mart c thnh
lp nm 1980 ch cn 20 nm vt
qua Sears tr thnh h thng siu th ln
nht th gii. Amazon.com, mt hiu
sch trc tuyn c thnh lp nm 1995
ch cn mt 4 nm vt qua Wal-Mart
v gi tr th trng. T y, chng ta c
th nhn thy tm quan trng ca TMT.
N khng phi l mt thc th khng n
sc mnh ca h thng to ra ca ci vt
cht mi. N hon ton khng phi l
n t hng.
TMT ph v cc gii hn ca
thi gian v khng gian. V d, hiu sch
ln nht th gii c th cha khong
170.000 cun sch. Nhng bn c th
xem hng triu cun sch ca Amazon
trn Internet. Hn th na, s lng sch
ngy cng tng theo thi gian. L do l
n khng b hn ch v khng gian v
thi gian.
Mt im na l hu ht cc hiu
sch b gii hn v gi m ca. Mc d
xut hin cc hiu sch m ca 24
gi/ ngy th nhng hiu sch ny vn
cn rt t i. Bn vn cn phi i ra khi
nh v tm tn cun sch bn mun trn
n khng c by ra th bn s khng
tm thy n. Do , vn l cho d siu
th ln nh th no th n vn c gii
hn. Khng th c siu th no, cho d
mt bng cc ln c th p ng c
nhu cu ca mi khch hng.
Nhng trn Internet th hon ton khc.
Do ni dung khng hn ch trn Internet,
tt c cc sn phm c th c hin th
ngi tiu dng la chn. Nu mt
trang Web c thit k gii thiu sn
phm th n c th thay th cc gi by
hng vt l. Di sc p cnh tranh gay
gt ca cc ca hng trc tuyn, WalMart a ra k hoch lm tng s
lng v chng loi cc mt hng by
bn. H quyt nh gii thiu trn mng
mt s loi hng ha m h khng th
h c th tm ra n.
2. Quan h trc tip gia nh cung
cp v ngi tiu dng
Tc ng th hai l nh cung cp c
th c quan h trc tip ti ngi tiu
dng, do b qua c cc khu trung
gian. Trc y, ngay c khi mt nh
my c th sn xut ti mt triu mt
hng, nhng h khng bit khch hng
ca h u.
Vi Internet, iu ny s khng xy ra.
Vo nm 1999, cng ty Dell bn c
10 triu my tnh PC trc tip cho ngi
s dng.
H trnh c ri ro khng tm
thy khch hng v khng mt chi ph lu
kho hng ha. iu cng ging vi
Amazon. Mt khi h hiu c nhu cu
ngi mua
Theo truyn thng, cc sn phm t mt
nh my phi i qua mt s khu trung
gian trc khi n c vi ngi tiu
dng. chnh l h thng bn l m
chng ta bit. Tuy nhin, cc nh my
by gi c th bn sn phm ca h trc
tip cho ngi tiu dng, b qua cc
khu trung gian. Mt cch tnhin, iu
ny cch mng ha h thng bn l.
Mt ngi ch phi gi th in t ti
mt nh my c sn phm m anh ta
mun v sau nhn sn phm ti nh
mnh. Mt h thng giao dch n gin
nh vy s dn dn thay th cc i l v
ca hng bn l hin nay.
C th bn ngh rng v mt di hn,
nhng i l v ngi bn l ny s phi
c cn nhiu loi my by bn n nh
vy? Nu my thu hnh khng bn c
h s tr li nh my sn xut. T nh
my ti i l v ti ngi bn l, mi
ngi u phng on. Bn c th hnh
dung bao nhiu cng sc c dn
vo cng vic phng on ny. Khi bn
phi tr hng khng bn c li cho nh
my sn xut th chi ph cn cao hn na.
Nhng vi Internet, c mt mi quan
h trc tip gia nh cung cp vi khch
hng. Khch hng c th ni vi nh my
anh ta mun mua chic my thu hnh 29
inch vi gi bao nhiu, do tit kim
c thi gian i tm mua hng. Vi
quan h trc tip khng cn m mt
ca hng theo kt qu phng on. iu
c ngha l chi ph c tit kim rt
sn i Loan ph v xu hng ca
qu kh. Th trng bt ng sn i
Loan trc y thng tng trng trong
vng 6 n 7 nm t n nh im.
Nhng thay i v nhn chng hc v s
pht trin thnh ph l nhng yu t tc
ng ca hin tng ny. Nhng k
nguyn ca TMT r rng l mt yu t
tc ng mi.
Mt cng ng mi?
Tuy nhin vn c nhng ngi tin rng
thi i mng s lm tng nhu cu s
dng bt ng sn. Trong qu trnh
chuyn t x hi nng nghip sang x hi
cng nghip, hu ht mi ngi u
chuyn nh vi ln. Khi chng ta bc
vo x hi mng, con ngi c th mun
mt mi trng sng thong ng v
thng mi quc t. Nu nh c ai
mt ca lng xa xi c mt chic my
tnh ni mng Internet th thng mi
quc t gia cc c nhn vn c th
xy ra.
Thm ch trong qu kh nu c nhu
cu v ti sch th cng khng ai kinh
doanh mt hng ny v t l hon vn qu
thp. Cc cng ty ln khng ch hu ht
th trng. Khng ai quan tm n mt
lnh vc kinh doanh nh nh th ny.
Trong thc t, ni no c cu l ni
c cung. Nhng nu khng c nhng
ngi trung gian mi gii th s khng c
thng mi. Tuy nhin, TMT li lm
cho thng mi quc t C n C tr nn
kh thi. V d, bn c th vit cho ti mt
bi ht cn ti c th vit cho bn mt
tm khng ch ca mt s t tp on
khng l hoc nhng cng ty mi gii
y quyn lc. Hnh thc thng mi
quc t C n C c th c trin khai
qua TMT.
7. Cuc cch mng tip th ca cc
sn phm v dch v s ha
Bt c iu g c th truyn qua
ng dy in thoi di dng tn hiu
s c gi l mt sn phm s ha. Tt
c cc dng thng tin c s ha.
Ni dung ca mt cun sch c s
ha v truyn qua ng dy in thoi.
Cun sch ny c th l mt sn phm s
ha. Ngc li, mt chic my thu hnh
khng th c truyn qua cc ng
dy in thoi. Do , n khng phi l
mt sn phm s ha.
nc.
By gi, nu quyn sch ny c
xut bn, nh vn c th vit nhiu sch
hn. Tnh sng to ca ng ta thm ch c
th khi dy s sng to ca nhng
ngi khc. Tnh sng to ca chng ta
trc y thng b ngn cn bi h
thng bn l. Vi s xut hin ca cc
sn phm v dch v s ho, chng ta tin
tng rng tnh sng to s thc s c
gii phng.
By gi ti c th hy vng kim
c mt la cho vic k mt chuyn
tiu lm hoc son 100 chuyn tiu lm
v bn mt l vi gi mt la. C th
c nhng ngi mua quan tm ti tt c
nhng g ti bit. Trong qu kh, chuyn
tiu lm b coi l th tc. Khng ai c
ra cc lut mi v a ra cc quy nh
mi. Bi v th gii thay i nn m
hnh th trng ca mt nc i n
giai on mt th trng ton cu. Ni
no trc y cn c s phn bit gia
th trng trong nc v th trng ngoi
nc th by gi ch cn l th trng
ton cu.
Ti c mt ngi bn i Loan
lm nha s. ng ta thng gi cc s o
ca mt chic rng gi cho mt nha s
Sri Lanka thng qua Internet. Sau ,
chic rng gi s c gi v i Loan
qua ng bu chnh. Cch tit
kim c nhiu thi gian v cng sc.
Chng ta c th gi cch ny l bn hng
trong nc hay bn hng ngoi nc? N
khng phi l trong nc m cng chng
phi tt c i vi TMT. Do , t l
ngi truy nhp cao khng th c s
dng tnh gi tr ca ca hng. Cc
ca hng trc tuyn v cc ca hng
truyn thng c chung mt mc ch,
l li nhun. l tng quan trng
nht ca TMT.
3- Tt yu l E + T > T
Khi chng ta vo thi i mng trong
mi ngi u bit cch s dng
Internet, th s c hai loi thng mi.
Mt loi l thng mi truyn thng T
(Traditional) v loi khc l TMT (Ecommerce). Mua mt mt hng t mt
ca hng truyn thng l cn T cn mua
mt mt hng trc tuyn l E. Sau khi
TMT i vo th gii ca chng ta, mt
V d, mt i l bn t gi tt c d
liu v t ca anh ta v cc dch v m
anh ta v cc dch v m anh ta cung cp
ln Internet hoc gi vo hp th thoi.
Bn cnh my tnh PC, mt my in
thoi cng c th c s dng kt
ni trc tuyn. l mt hnh thc E +
T. N cho php nhng ngi khc bit
ngay bn ang bn nhng t g vi gi
bao nhiu. H khng cn ti thm phng
trng by xe ca bn c c nhng
thng tin .
Bng cch lm nh vy, tc ng ca s
thay i phng thc thng mi s
khng qu ln. Tng bc, t l thng
mi truyn thng s gim xung. n thi
im no , bn c th cho khch hng
vi ng v nhn hng ti ni no
thun tin. Bng cch ny, ng c th bn
c nhiu th. TMT cho ng mt
knh bn l hai lung. iu c phi l
cho ng nhiu c hi kinh doanh hn
khng?
l mt s chuyn ng thc t. Mt
siu th c th cha 80.000 mt hng.
Nhng khch hng c th mt mi khi
xem xong 8.000 mt hng. Nu siu th
chu b ra 1% vn u t v thit lp
mt trm Web v by bn 80.000 mn
hng trn Internet, mt khch hng ch
cn nh vo t vng eo th tt c cc
loi vng trang sc trong ca hng s
c hin ra. y l mt cch thc mua
bn rt thun li v khng c phin
nhiu.
Chi ph chung thp em li li nhun
kinh doanh ln l E + T > T
Khng phi mi ngi u mua hng
trc tuyn. Nhng Internet c th gip
cc nh cung cp bn nhiu mt hng hn
v h tr ngi tiu dng tm ra ci m
h mun nhanh nht. y l m hnh mua
bn ca k nguyn mi. Nu tng v
TMT thm nhp v mi hiu sch,
siu th, ca hng, nh hng, mi ngi
s thit lp mt cng thng tin hon
chnh, do to ra nhiu c hi kinh
doanh hn.
Tc ng v c hi kinh doanh ca
TMT s vt qua thng mi truyn
xc nh c cc vn pht sinh v
tiu chun ha lut l th s thay i l
khng th trnh c khi i mt vi mt
thi i kinh t in t sp n. Chng ta
cng hnh ng sm cng tt.
Trong qu kh, ngi giu kim sot cc
ngun ti nguyn thin nhin nh xng
du, t ai v st thp. Cc ng ch ln
ngy nay nh Bill Gates kim sot tri
thc v tc . y l tng lai ca
cng ngh thng tin (IT). S pht trin
ca IT ngy nay i n bc ngot.
Nhng tc xy ra ca n nhanh hn
nhiu so vi hai cuc cch mng trc.
Mt v d l l tng v ng la chu
u c nu ra ln u tin cch y
20 nm. Mi n gn y, tng ny
ng k trng trc mt ti v tt c
nhng g ti ngh l phi n trong
khong thi gian ngn nht.
V y l mt v d th v khc. Hai
ngi i cm tri mt vng ni cao v
nghe thy ting h gm ngay bn cnh.
Mt ngi trong s h nhanh chng eo
giy chy trong khi ngi kia hi ma
mai anh bn liu anh ta c th chy thot
khi con h khng. Ngi eo giy tr
li: Ti khng th. Nhng ti ch cn
chy thot khi anh l c.
Hai v d trn cho chng ta thy tm
quan trng ca tc . Ngi u tin
tp trung vo nhim v ca anh ta vn
dng ht kh nng ca anh ta v cui