LE OF CONT! Reading Lessons Introduction The Greek Alphabet Lesson One Lesson Two .. Lesson Three . Lesson Four Lesson Five Lesson Six ... Lesson Seven Lesson Eight . Lesson Nine . Lesson Ten .. Lesson Eleven Lesson Twelve . Lesson Thirteen Lesson Fourteen Lesson Fifteen . . Lesson Sixteen ... Lesson Seventeen Acknowledgments ..........c0se0eeeeeeeeee2 Greek I Greek T Introduction Reading can be defined as “the act of decoding graphic material in order to determine its message.” To put it another way, reading consists of coming back to speech through its graphic symbols. In short, meanings reside in the sounds of the spoken language. Speaking a language is the necessary first step to acquiring the ability to read a language with meaning. The recorded portion of the reading materials for Greek Iwill be found atthe end of the program. You can do the readings as it is most convenient for you. They can be done individually, after every other unit or so, or done entirely after completing the full thirty units. Instructions on how to proceed with the readings are contained in the audio portion of the course. The Greek Alphabet Modern Greek is written using the characters of the ancient Greek alphabet. However, there are differ- ences in pronunciation, so even if you have some familiarity with the ancient Greek letters, you should not assume that their modern counterparts will have the same sound. ‘The Greek alphabet is phonetic: the letters represent specific sounds. You may at first find that it takes some time to associate the appropriate sounds with each letter or group of letters. Some Greek letters resemble letters in the Roman alphabet, but have quite different sounds. For example, the Greek letter "H" resembles the English capital "h," but in Greek this letter is pronounced with an “ee” sound. Likewise, the Greek letter which looks like the English “B” sounds like the English letter “v.” Therefore, we recommend that you take the Reading Lessons at your own pace, repeating each until you feel comfortable proceeding to the next. With a little effort, you will be pleasantly surprised at how quickly you are reading Greek.Greek I Leen en eal ee al Aenean ses eeeeee Se The Greek Alphabet (continued) The Greek alphabet is comprised of 24 letters, listed in order below with a guide to the sound or sounds represented by each. You will note that some Greek letters or combinations of letters have more than one sound, depending on their position in the word and the letters they preceed. Greek letter Pronunciation (capital /small) Aa BB Ty aasin "baklava” vas in “victory” soft g (uh) when followed by a, 0, ov, @, and consonants; y as in “yawn” when followed by tan, €,n, 0, €1, 00 thas in “then” ehas in “Helen” zas in “Zeus” ee as in “scene” th(uh) as in “think” ee as in “scent k(uh) as in “king” I(uh) as in “leoparé” m(uh) as in “Medusa” The Greek Alphabet (continued) Greek letter Pronunciation (capital / small) Nv mas in “nest” ks as in “rocks”; a x as in “fox” Oo @as in “cork” lr Pp asin “pester” Pp rolling r Zo/s sas in “Sparta”; zas in “Zeus” when followed by certain consonants Tt tasin “tear” Yu ee as in “scene” Oo fas in “feta” XX has in “hat” when followed by a, 0, ov, 0, and consonants; h asin “Hugh” when followed by e, 1, at, 7, V, £1, 0 vy psas in “caps” Qo as in “cork” In addition, combinations of Greek letters will sometimes have separate sounds of their own.6 ——_—_——— Greek I The Greek Alphabet (continued) Combination aad ye ¥E/1% mu vt w 10, 18 a €1, OL, UE ov av ev Pronunciation ng as in “linger” g(uh) as in “Greece” at the beginning of a word; either g(uh) or ng in the middle of a word xasin “jinx” b(uh) as in “bath” at the beginning of a word mb as in “lumber” in the middle of a word d(uh) as in “dogma” at the beginning of a word: nd as in “fender” in the middle of a word ds as in “defends” tsa in “gets” e(h) as in “feta”; some- times “7” as in “bite” eas in “scene” ‘ou as in “soup” ay as in “have”; some- times af as in “after” ev as in “Evelyn” sometimes ef as in “left” Greek I Lesson One Ma Moya bate pia. pio Loyd meta, uma. unapnd unota unéuna kata KaKdo KOLO KOPMGTLGreek I Greek I Lesson Two Lesson Three 1, pmo 1. Eévos 2. pmap 2. bava 3. PROWTAKL 3. Eidos 4. pdicos 4. eipou 5. pépa 5. Eiwan Eévos. 6. wépa 6. €&t 7. Kdpo 7, BEL 8. Tlétpos. 8. yapu 9. vepo 9. wena 10. vous 10. Eivot yapas. 11. vovpepo 11. Bios 12. ovte 12. BaBobpa 13, mévte 13. Bovvo 14. mavto 14. Boupos. 15. Ntivo 15. 8&Ka 16. 45a 17. B00Kas10 Greek I Greek I Lesson Four Lesson Five 1. CaPds 1. eipot 2. Go 2. poia 3. vepo | 3. Eiuotpaia. 4. Capos 4. Eipon déxq,. 5. Goa 5. b&w 6. Opa 6. O€do 5éKa. 7. Qpa 7. nonds 8. Gé0 8. noma 9. b&KU 9, modid 10. G€Aw 10. Eiuon modi. 11. bev 220 1. moni / nodia 12. Aev 0€)0. 12, AGL 13. Oéapo 13. ©€Aw AGS. 14. B€aTPO 14. Aéme 15. OpiapBos 15. Aenida 16. OpduBos 16. Adds 17. Oeds 17. KaAOs Ads 18. Bedpatos | 19. BetLKds |ee | 12 13 nae op annette neste ee | Greek I Greek I | Lesson Six Lesson Seven } 1. guat 1. yovo } 2. éva grt 2. xapa 3. évas oiAos 3. Xaipete. 4. ovdia, 4. yeddva 5. KOAGs o1A0S 5. €%o 6. Eipat kards oidos. 6. Exo xépt. 7. paver 7. Exo dpaypes. 8. pLé00s 8. C€Aw Spaypes. 9. dyLeEcos 9. xopos | 10. éupEecos 10. xGAv 11. LaBBato 11. yopa 12. oordta 12. xovora 13. odKos 13. Exo xpdvo. 14. GOKOAGTO 14. Exo Hato. 15. Kpaot 15. xnpa 16. O€Aw Kpaoi. 16. ya 17. %pronos 18. Eipot yprouos.4 Greek IT Greek I Lesson Eight Lesson Nine 1. EAAnvas 1. Kobta 2. Ehanvida 2. pia Kova 3. Etuo FAAnvida. 3. O€r pia Kovta. 4. Mido EAAnvikd. 4. KovAOUPL | 5. eyo 5. OéAw éva KOVAOUPL. 6. yo 6. éva Kopi 7 yati 7. Kovvia, 8. ylati yaya 8. Kovvovmt 9. yéha 9. KovRi 10. Tudpyos 10. KOUTA Kade lL. Tidvwvo yéra. ll. O€,o pia Kobra Kade. 12. Tudvvn yaaa 12. KOUKOS 13. yéha/ yara 13. KovKAG 14. Eyd eipar o Midwvns. 14. Eivou kovKAa. 15. Ey@ eiuon n Dida. 16. Hldva 17. yo 18. Teva cov Mapyo.Tlooes dpaypés exete: Eyo; Exo — yardbes Exo técepis x1Addes Spayyes. SodAGpia O€)w TOAAG SoALGpLA. Tléo0 50AAGpia; Tldoa S0AAdpia. O€hete; Aev épete; Eavanéote. Eépo. yovaixa Tlév ivan n yovaiKxa oas; Eivon pati pov. Tlév pévete; Zmyv Apepikn. meite Tt Oa meite; Opiote n urbpa — Kat TO Kpaot. Lesson Eleven Oa NPera vepo. iyo vepo Oa mo— Ti Oa meite; Oa m4 propa. ypoctan . T1do0 cas ypaotao; . xidves Spayues. . Avo YLALAES. yirres / yvdrrdd_es . MoptoKaAAGsa, O€A pia MoptoKAAAGSa. . OTMEpa. - ODPL . Kor abpro; Adbpvo otts €&1, mapaKane. . Lypepa otis Svo. . Aev Oa cas dao — . TIMOTA. . Oa ayopdow katt — . avpto otts 61.18 Greek I Greek I Lesson Twelve Lesson Thirteen 1. Axovote tT Lovotkt. 1. AvaBéote — 2. Now thy axovpe. 2. AvoPdote thy npatn A€En. 3. AvoiEte — 3. Aev civat dvoKoAn. 4. Avoigte to BiBAio. 4. Eavanéote. 5. AvoBdote to ypduma. 5. Ti Oéhete va Kdvete; 6. Oa Ghate va. odte KAT; 6. Oa ndo omy tpanela yta Spaxpes. 7. odo 7. Meté 0a néo oto unap. 8. Oa daw Katt — 8. Tlooo kavet pia prbpa; 9. m6 apyda. 9. Eivot moAv oxpipa. 10. Bpddv 10. Mropa: 11. adpio 11. Mropo va ayopdow Katt; 12. avpto Bpadv 12. Tdoo kavet pia prrovGa; 13. Tov; 13. EvtdGeu. 14. Oa daw Katt adpro Ppddv. 14. KatoAaBaive. 15. Oa odpe pati — Is. Aev unopd va népo. 16. GTO EOTLATOPLO. 16. Aev €xw MoAAG Agora. 17. Eyer opéoxa yapia; 17. Ta mpéypnata ivan r0rv axpiBa. 18. Eivou axpipa; 19. Ti dpa Oa odue; 20. Oa ddpe pati to Bpdsdv.20 Greek I Lesson Fourteen 1. Tlov eivat to unevi0; 2. ESa debi. 3. Evyaptote. 4. Eevodoxeio 5. Eépete nov eivar to Eevosoxeio; 6. Eivat paxpid and to Kévtpo; 7. Aev vopito. 8. Kot dev eivat axpipo. 9. Eivot kovté oth 8dhacoa. 10. avtoKivyto 1. Exete avtoKivnto pati oas; 12. vouKLdooupe 13. Ox, 6a vorkidcoupe. 14. Oa peivovpe pia epsondsa. ee 21 Greek I Lesson Fifteen Eyete madid, Kopi; Not, €youpe — Exoupe éva ayopi— Kat va. KOpitoL. Tlé00 xpovav eivan; To kopitot eivar da5eKa— Kat to aydpt eivat SéKa eG. Oa née oto Lovoeio. Tiapyou Oa née oto onitt tov Mapyov. Oa odpe oto onitL TOV. Oa Eyer EAANViKO payntd. Oa move Kat Kpaoi. Oa odpe KoL oahdTA. Kaan opegn Kaan dtacKésa0n. Evyapiotd, exions. Q&A va ayopdacw — Ocho va ayopdow nanovto.d. Eivan axpiBa; Exovv exntmoets; Avyovoto . Ox tApa, tov AVYOVOTO. . Oa peivovpe S00 eBSopdédes.ee 2 Greek I Lesson Sixteen 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19, 20. 21. 22. FES es away e Las apféoei—; Las opéoe n OdAacoa; Nat, 6tav kavet Céon. . Eivot uraé cat Ceoti. Las apéoet to KOAVUTL; Nat, hov apéoei népa moAv. . Aev €xo payrd. . Tpéner va ayopdow. . O€dM Eva Wadpo Layo. . Tlov eivan to payatud: . Ede Kovta, pe to nddta eiKoot Aeota. Me to avtoKivnto nooa AEdta; Tlepinov névte heota. Xhpepa LaPBato. To payatia eiva KAetotd. KaAeivovv otts tpets. Thy Aevtépa eivar avoucta — MExpL Méxpt tis OKTALLON To Badu. ‘Tote, 6a naw thy Aevtepa. Xipepa Ga Sw tovs pikovs Lov — Kat 8a yopeyo. 23 Greek I Lesson Seventeen . Tldoo roidid éxete, Kupia; . Exovme tpia nordic. . Eivot peyoaa; Tlov eivor Tapa; To kopitot etvar omy Auepix) — . KOI Ta ayopia eivat omy Aiva. . Lhpepa Va répe otn Odracoa. Oa nde oto EotLATOPLO. . Mere 0a tépe oto vnOL. . Oa Epbovv Kar ta TALSLA Gas; . BéBora 6a épBovv. . Mov apéoet n Abra.