Norton University

Excavator

Department of Civil Engineering

.
o
Excavator

excavator


Hydraulic

Excavator

. Compact excavator

Compact excavator mini excavator

. .

Compact excavator
Subject: Engineering Tool and Operation

Page 1

Norton University

Department of Civil Engineering

. Crawler excavator

Crawler excavator

Crawler excavator

Crawler excavator

. Long reach excavator

Long reach excavator

Long reach excavator

Subject: Engineering Tool and Operation

Page 2

Norton University

. Power shovel excavator

Department of Civil Engineering

Power shovel excavator

Power shovel excavator

. Suction excavator

Suction excavator

Suction excavator
Subject: Engineering Tool and Operation

Page 3

Norton University

Type of Bucket

Department of Civil Engineering

Subject: Engineering Tool and Operation

Page 4

Norton University

Subject: Engineering Tool and Operation

Department of Civil Engineering

Page 5

Norton University

Subject: Engineering Tool and Operation

Department of Civil Engineering

Page 6

Norton University

Department of Civil Engineering

1. :

2.

3.

h
)

L (
o

h< L

1.1

(/ )

(/3 )

swell ,FSW

1,185

35

0.74

(Clay,wet)

1,780

1,305

35

0.74

(Earth

, dry)

1,660

1,325

25

0.80

(Earth ,wet)

1,895

1,528

25

0.80

(Earth ,gravel)

1,895

1,575

20

0.83

(Gravel , dry)

1,660

1,475

12

0.89

(Gravel ,wet)

2,020

1,765

14

0.88

(Limestone)

2,610

1,630

60

0.63

2,490

1,565

60

0.63

(Sand

,dry)

1,540

1,340

15

0.87

(Sand ,wet)

1,600

1,400

15

0.87

(Shale)

2,072

1,470

40

0.71

Material
(Clay,dry)

(Rock, well blasted)

Bank weight
1,600

Subject: Engineering Tool and Operation

Loose weight

Percent

Swell factor

Page 7

Norton University

Department of Civil Engineering

(The swell factor)

= 1 100

= 1 100

SW : (percent swell)

Sh : (percent shrinkage)
B : (density of undisturbed earth, Kg/m3 )
L : (Kg/m3 )

C :
(density of compacted earth,Kg/m3 )

- 920kg/m3

- 800kg/m3

-
1050kg/m3

.(Sw)

= 1 100

B =920kg/m

L =800kg/m3
920
=> =
1 100 =15%
800

.
(Sh)
= 1 100

B =920kg/m

C =800kg/m3
920
=> = 1
100 =12%
1050

Subject: Engineering Tool and Operation

Page 8

Norton University
Department of Civil Engineering
3
920kg/m ,

760kg/m3,
1080 kg/m3

.(Sw)
920

1 100 =21%
= 1 100 =
760

.
(Sh)

920

100 =15%
= 1 100= 1
1080

(Production Cycle)

(The basic production formula)

3600

60

Q: heaped bucket capacity (m3)

F: bucket fill factor for hoe buckets
t : cycle time (s)
E: Efficiency (min/hour)

(Volume Correction for loose volume to bank
volume)

1
, ()
; ,
900
1 +

Subject: Engineering Tool and Operation

Page 9

Norton University
Department of Civil Engineering
1.2 Crawler Excavator :

Load bucket

Swing loaded

Dump

Swing

(sec)

(sec)

bucket (sec)

Empty(sec)

<1

14

1-1.5

15

2-2.5

17

20

3.5

22

22

24

Bucket

capacity(m3)

Total cycle
(sec)

1.3 hydraulic hoe buckets

Material

Fill factors(%)

sandy clay

100-110

Sand and gravel

95 110

(
) Rock poorly blasted

40 50

() Rock well blasted

60 - 75

Hard, tough clay

80 - 90

Subject: Engineering Tool and Operation

Page 10

Norton University
Department of Civil Engineering
1.3 ,,
hydraulic crawler

Stick

3)

(m

,A(m)

,B(m)

,C(m)

, D(m)

Stick

Stick

(Kg)

(Kg)

(Kg)

(Kg)

0.375

1.53-2.14

5.80-6.71

3.66-4.58

4.27-4.88

1305

1170

1305

1170

0.75

1.83-2.75

7.32-8.24

4.88-5.49

5.19-5.80

3195

2385

3240

2385

1.53-3.97

7.93-10.07

4.88-7.02

5.19-7.63

5760

4050

4185

4140

1.5

1.83-3.97

8.24-10.68

5.19-6.41

5.49-7.02

7695

4545

7965

4995

2.14-4.27

8.85-11.59

5.49-8.24

5.80-7.32

9630

6525

9720

6390

2.5

2.14-4.88

9.76-12.20

6.10-8.85

6.10-7.93

14670

9630

14175

10980

3.05-3.36

11.59-12.81

7.63-9.15

7.32-7.93

14805

11070

13815

11790

3.5

2.44-3.66

10.9811.90

7.02-8.24

6.41-6.71

14940

9855

14580

990

3.66

13.42

8.85

8.24

21555

15075

2.44-4.58

12.2014.03

7.93-9.76

7.63-7.93

15243

12375

14220

12420

1.4
Material

Fill factor (%)

(Sandy clay)

100-110

(Sand and gravel)

95-110

(Rock-poorly blasted)

40-50

(Rock-well blasted)

60-75

(Hard, tough clay)

80-90

Subject: Engineering Tool and Operation

Page 11

Norton University

Department of Civil Engineering

Excavator crawler
(bucket capacity) 3 m
(sandy clay) 3 m 3.5m
(Bank

weight,m) Excavator crawler 50min/hr.

3 m

- 1.4 (sandy clay) (100-110%)

(105%)

- 30-60%
- 1.3
3m3

7.63m-9.15m
- 3m =>

(3m/7.63m) x 100 = 39% 30 % OK

(3m/9.15m) x 100 = 32% 30 % OK

- 1.2
3m3
.(Load bucket) 7s
. (Swing loaded) 5s
.(dump load) 4s
. (Return Swing) 4s
=> (Cycle time) = 20s

- 1.1 (Sandy clay)

=> (Swell Percent) 35%, (Swell factor) 0.35

- 50min

- PP
50min

=
Q = 3m3
F = 1.05

3600

60

t = 20s
E = 45min

3600 3 1.05 50
1

= 3153
20
60 1 + 0.35

3

(Bank weight,m) 50min 315m

Subject: Engineering Tool and Operation

Page 12