yy) FINAL REPORT URBAN RENEWAL PROGRAMME MADURAI DIRECTORATE OF TOWN & COUNTRY PLANNING GOVERNMENT OF TAMIL NADU CENTRE FOR SYMBIOSIS OF TECHNOLOGY, ENVIRONMENT & MANAGEMENT (STEM) Chennai March, 1999ACKNOWLEDGMENT (On behalf of STEM society and the Professional team, I express my heartfelt thanks to the Directorate of Town & Country Planning (DTCP), Government of Tamil Nadu for assigning us the study of "Urban Renewal Programme for Madurai’, The Project Team expresses its thanks to various officers of DTCP for their continued support and interaction, Our spevial thanks are due to § Commissioner Additional Director * Thins. A. Anantharaj Joint Director for their valuable advice, guidance and suggestions from time to time for the successful completion of the assignment, ‘We also express our sincere thanks to Thiru P. Kulandaivelu B.A.BL Mayor, Madurai ‘Thiru, M. Saikumar LAS ‘Commissioner, Madurai Corporation Thiru. G. Manian Joint Director & Member Secretary of Madurai, Local Planning Area Thiru. N. Ramalingam Former Regional Deputy Director, DTCP/ Madurai Thins, M. Natarajan Regional Deputy Director, DTCP/ Madurai ‘and a number of other local officials, senior citizens and non-governmental organizations for their unstinted support, valuable suggestions, which have been of immense help in finalisation of this reportTalso wish to place on record my appreciation and thanks to my colleagues and members of the Professional team for their collective effort, enthusiasm and sincerity in the successful completion of this task Thiru A. Lakshmanan Prof GM Andavan Thiru, T. Thomas Thins, K. Nagasreenivas ‘Thiru. R. Krishnamurthy Dr. PV.LN. Rao Thiru. OS. Kumar ‘Thins.S. Suresh March 1999 Hon. Regional Director (Team Leader) Senior Traffic and Transporation Planiner Senior Urban Planner Urban Engineer Senior Cartographer Senior Executive (Report Editing) ‘Administration & Data Entry Draughtsman Prof. B. Bhaskara Rao Executive Director & Project Coordinator, STEMEXECUTIVE SUMMARY “The DTCP, the apex body of the Government of Tamil Nadu has initiated studies for preparation of sction plans for improvement of environmentally-degraded and urban- decay arets. As a part of this programme, major urban centres are identified - Coimbatore, Madurai, Tiruchirapalli, Salem and Tirunelveli, Under this Urban Renewal Programme, (URP) Centre for Symbiosis of Technology, Environment and Management (STEM), Chennai is awarded two towns of Madurai and Tirunelveli. Madurai URP is dealt with in this report. ‘The objectives of the study are + Topreserve and conserve the religious historically important areas and buildings + To ahi non-confirming and in-compatible activities the area of urban decay to appropriate locations in the fringe areas. = To suggest urban renewal programme in central area. + Toimprove traffic and transportation, + Toimprove infrastructural facilities. * Suggest ways and means of improving the environmental conditions, To gain insight into the existing conditions and future needs the STEM Study ‘Team, undertook a broad range of investigative activities, including review of existing reports on various topics. A detailed survey ofthe identified URP area and meeting with various government and non government organizations, senior citizens, and trade representatives etc. is undertaken, “The Study Team identified a number of initiatives relating to URP for Madurai. These include 1. Conservation and Preservation of Monuments and religious buildings. The most important monuments and religious buildings in URP area are 4s follows which require conservation and preservation Meenakshi Amman Temple Y ‘Thirumalai Nayak Mahal ¥ Pudumandapam ¥ Rayagopuram 2. Shifing of non-conforming and in-compatible usage areas.¥ The wholesale markets dealing with vegetables, paddy, fruits, flowers, other food grains, green plantains to be shifted to suitable locations on the fringe of the city. ¥ Lomy booking office and automobile workshops Regional level Government offices functioning around the temple, ~ Identifying proper urban reuse for the areas made available by shifting. 3. Identifying other ateas of urban decay and their improvement and reuse for betterment of the community and environment Y Koodalazhagar Teppakulam 4. Improvement to Traffic and Transportation Diversion of by-passable trafic Y Planning for hierarchical toad network ¥ Improvements of condition for pedestrians, cyclists and public transport Y Provision of parking areas Y Water supply ¥ Drainage Y Sewerage Y Solid waste management Y Electricity ¥ Public-converiences 6. Environmental Upgradation Provision of additional parks Y Better maintenance and improvement to garden (Nandavanam) and park ~ Planting of avenue trees 7. Institutional and tegislative messures Y Constituting the Authority for development and maintenance of the URP area Suggesting legislative measures for empowering authority. ‘The Report deals with the following aspects in detail Chapter: Urban Setting : Problems and prospects Chapter II: Approach and MethodologyChapter Ill; URP Area - Delineation Chapter TV: URP In-depth Study Chapter V: Project Proposals: Chapter VI Chapter VII; Resource Mobilization Project Cost: Anabstract of the Projects identified with their costs and phasing is given below, Phasing and Cost Estimates of Projects ‘SNo. Proposed Projects ‘Short Term Tong Term Remarks of Religious Places and Moouments 0.95 Cost (Rs. | Cost (RS. Crores) | Crores) ‘Conservation and Preservation z Shifting of non-conforming Major Projects (is) reuse of and in-compatible uses 4635 | — | areas occupied by vogetable wholesals market and reconstruction of vegetable retail market are proposed under BOT 3” Tmiprovements to Traffic and = be 34.10 | 16225 7 ‘o Infrastructure ~ * Water Supply oor | 6000 * Sewage Facilities 275 7.20 * Storm Water Drains —_ 250 * Solid Waste Management 125 — + Electricity tas | 53.73 * Public Conveniences 027 — S__| Environmental Upgradation 10 1.00, = i Total 37.03 | 286.70 Total cost of projects proposed (both short-term and long-term) = Rs. 373.73 CroresUrban Renewal Programme - Madurai CONTENTS Acknowledements Executive Summary Prelude Chapter One Chapter Three 31 32 33 34 Urban Setting ; Problems and Prospects ‘The Urban Setting Madurai - A Profile The History ‘The Religio - Cultural Panorama Religious Insitutions ‘Cultural Institutions ‘Educational Institutions ‘The People Population and Literacy Occupational Pattern Land and Building Use Infrastructural Facilities Water Supply Sanitation Solid Waste Management Drainage Traffic and Transportation Regional Linkages Road Network Traffic Flow Pattern The Master Plan Approach And Methodology ‘The Study Area Secondary Data Field Surveys Discussions Urban Renewal Programme Area : Delineation ‘The Background Land Use Population and Housing Densities (Wardwise) Traifie Generators PageNo, SSeCoCommmInAanauEuNE 14 4 15 1s 16 16 7 1935 36 37 38 3.81 39 Chapter Four Chapter Five $1 1 St 1 5 1 s 1 i 1 yn BESBSoS ‘Traffic Volume on Existing Street Network Concentration of Central Functions Trends of Development Land Values Infrastructure Delineation Urban Renewal Programme Area : ‘An In-Depth Study ‘Primary Data Collection Land And Building Use Landuse Building use Commercial Activities Wholesale commercial activities Structures in URP Area Mutii-storied Structures Public and Semi-Public Offices Religious Places and Monuments Parks and Open Spaces Lodgings Assessinent of Lodges Hawkers “Towist Flow to the City Tourist Season Tourist Volume Requirements of tourists Secondary Data Roads and Traffic Water Supply Sewerage Storm Water Drains Public Conveniences Electricity Solid Waste Management Identification of Priority Needs Project Proposals Conservation and Preservation of Religious Places and ‘Monuments. Religious Places Sri Meenakshi Amman Temple Koodalalagar Temple Koodslalagar Teppakulam ‘Other Temples St. Mary's Church, 21 21 21 23 26 26 26 29 30 30 32 a2 32 36 36 36 36 37 37 37 38 39 39 39 39 40 40, al 43 43 4s 45 45 4753.7.2 53.73 $3.14 53741 Durgah at South Gate Monuments: ‘Thirumalai Rayagopuram Palaces of Rani Mangammal Pattu Thoon Development Regulations Shifting of Non-Conforming and In-Compatible Use Segments Wholesale Markets Shifting of Wholesale Vegetable Markets Shifting of Wholesale Paddy, Food Grains, Fruits, Flowers, Pulses and Bete! Leaves Markets Reconstruction of Retail Markets Reasons for Shifting Wholesale Activities Relocation of Wholesale Markets Site Selection and Investigation Project Formulation Selection of Best Feasible Site Shifting of Government Offices Shitting of Lory Booking Offices and Automobile Workshops Improvements to Traffic and Transportation ‘Traffic Problems Bypassable Traffic ‘Commercial Vehicles Public Transport Bicycle Traffic ‘Traffic Planning Criteria Diversion of Bypassable Traffic From URP Area Reduction of Traffic Relating to Non-Conforming and In- Compatible Uses Planning for a Hierarchical Road Network Accessibility and Safety Cyclists and Pedestrians Public Transport Parking Environment of Heritage Areas Project Proposals List of Works Already Sanctioned and Taken up for Execution List of New Schemes to be taken up Under Short ~Term Basis List of New Schemes to be taken up Under Long -Term Basis BOT Projects Redevelopment of Retail Market Area vi 4 95 96 9653.742 53.75 $4 $4 $42 $43 344 345 3.46 $5 S51 552 $53 334 535 556 3.6 5.6.1 5.6.2 5621 562.2 5.63 5.64 37 Chapter Six 61 62 63 64 ma 12 13 14 List of Tables ‘List of Maps Redevelopment of Central Matket Area Remunerative Projects . Improvements to Infrastructure Improvements to Water Supply. Improvements to Sewage Facilities Improvements to Storm Water Drains Improvements to Public Coaveniences Improvements to Electricity Improvements to Solid Waste Management Environmental Upgradation fo the Garden (Nandavanam) Around Mecnakshi Amman Temple Beautification Project for all Chittirai Streets Improvements to Parks Avenue Trees along Traffic Roads Creation of Vistas and Promenades in Front of Four Gopurams River Side Parks Institutional and Legislative Measures Institutional Arrangements Enforcement of Development Controls Development Control and Regulations Landuse Architectural Facade of Buildings Legislative Measures Socio-Economic Benefits Cost of Projects Short Term Projects Long Term Projects Projects Suggested to be Taken up on BOT Basis: Abstract of Projects i Resource Mobilisation Pariners in Progreas Major Funding Sources Contribution of Local Authorities Govemment Grants ‘Annexure A Annexure B Annexure © Annexure D List of Photographs ho ia 16 M6 7 47 117 418 118 120 121 122 123Table No, Bos ewwsvsune B 14 15 to 17 18 19 20 21 R 23 25 27 28 LIST OF TABLES ‘Title Decade-wise Population and Variation Literacy Levels ‘Occupational Pattern Landuse in Madurai LPA (1991) ‘Volume of Traffic Entering and Leaving Madurai LPA and City Landuse (1991) ‘Ward-wise Population and Housing Density (1991) Planning Permissions issued during the period 1-1-97 to 31-12-97 Guideline value of various locations Land and Building use in the URP Area (1998) Wholesale Markets and their extents in the URP Area Structural condition of buildings in URP Area (Type, Age & Heught) (In Percentage) List of Parks in URP Area Lodges in URP area ‘Tourist flow into Madurai during the last decade Other temples in URP Area Wholesale Markets Street widths on important roads with parking Estimated Ground Level Concentration of suspended particles in URP Area ‘Volume of truck traffic in URP Area Detailed analysis and study of alternate sites for relocation of wholesale markets Recommended sites to relocate wholesale markets Area required for different wholesale traders. Government offices to be shifled and the proposed reuse of the area ‘Traffic volumes in CBD cordon ‘Volume of cycle and two wheeler traffic in CBD cordon Use of LCVs (commodity wise) Buses entering URP AreaMap No. 6A 16B 16.C 7 18 9 LIST OF MAPS Title Existing Road Network Population Density ‘Tralfic Generators ‘Area Delineated as URP Area Existing Land use - 1998 ‘Kutcha and Multi-storeyed buildings Location of Existing Whole Sale Market Location of Public and Semi-Public Buildings Location of Important Religious Places and Monuments Proposed Sites for Wholesale Markets & Ring road Existing One Way Sirects Existing Street Parking Locations Existing Bus Routes ‘Schematic Juxiaposition in front of Express fuss stand Sanctioned Schemes already cleared and under Execution Proposed North River Bank and South River Bank Arterial and ‘Sub-Arterial Streets Cross-Section of Arterial and Sub Arterial Streets Cross-Section of Arterial Streets Cross-Section of Sub Arterial Streets Proposed Hierarchical Road Network Proposed improvements to Major Intersection in URP Arca. Proposed! improvements to Sewer Lines in URP Arca Page No. 102LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS Photograph Details About Photograph No. Forlorn Koodalazhagar Temple Teppakulam 3 Pudumandapam, encroached shops seen hiding sculptures Rayagopuram, a view of encroached shops Vegetable wholesale markets housed in old structures ‘Vegetable retail markets housed in thatched structures. Congestion near vegetable wholesale market Congested traffic and dumped solidwaste in wholesale market Congested traffic at bus stand Garbage within Nandavanam adjoining the Temple A View of Plantain Market Ceunnam—k URBAN RENEWAL PROGRAMME F MADURAI Prelude Adverse effects on the quality of social life with specific reference to basic amenities like health, dricking water and sanitation arising in the wake of on-going Uutbanization process have become a major source of worry to planners and (The Directorate of Town & County Planning (DTCP), the apex body of the Government of Tamil Nadu, has initiated studies for Preparation of action plans for improvement of environmentally degraded urban-decay areas. As a pan of this Programme, five major urban centres are identified ~ Coimbatore, Madurai, Tiruchirapalli, Salem and Tirunelveli for the Urban Renewal Programme. Centre for Symbiosis of Technology, Environment and Management (STEM) is awarded the two towns Madurai and Tirunelveli. ‘This report relates to Urban Renewal Programme for Madurai City. The scope of this study is limited to evolving a comprehensive Plan of action for environmental ‘upBradation of the areas adversely affected by rapid urbanization, by keeping demolition ‘of structures and relocation of buildings connected with functional activities to a minimum level. Finding specific ways and means of improving the environment, econgesting waffic, upgrading building and infrastructural facilities will be the thrust areas of the study.CHAPTER 1 URBAN SETTING: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS 1.1 The Urban Setting Madurai is one of the most prominent pilgrim centres of India presenting a symbiosis of religion, culture, heritage, trade and commerce. With the ever-increasing ‘tourist-cum- pilgrim inflow on the one hand and the expanding trade and commerce on the other, the city’s transportation needs have assumed new proportions, With the location of Madurai Kamaraj University and a host of other schools and colleges, Madurai has become a key centre of education arid research, this becoming 4 hub of multi-faceted activities; most of the areas have become congested and polluted. Narrow roads and proliferation of non-conforming uses make the problem more acute. In this backdrop, it is imperative to find ways and means of achieving 4 balance between development and a pellution-free environment, Lit Madurai: A Profile Madurai city is situated in south central part of Tamil Nadu on latitude 9° SS North and longitude 78° 07° east at a distance of about $00 km fom Chennai. The city hhas grown on both sides of the river “Vaigai” and fies at a low altitude, being only at about 100m above the mean sea level. National Highways NH7, NH49 and NEH9A link the city to the rest of the country. The river Vai physical features, which separate the city into different parts. The southern part is wider than the northem part. The Madurai-Rameswaram railway lies on the southern boundary of the city and the Madurai - Chennai railway line lies in the west of the core of the city. Madurai city forms the nucleus of economic and leisure time activities for the people of the Local Planning Area. ‘The Corporation area is more of less saturated with developments except for a few pockets of agricultural fields. Consequently, new industrial and residential areas have sprung up along the main transportation routes, as ribbon developments in an unplanned manner. This haphazard development around the main city resulted in large pockets of undeveloped land in between the arterial roads becoming inaccessible. The developments along the traffic routes that are radiating from the city are in linear strips. The urban settlements within the planning area have not been properly planned and linked with each other, although most of them are on the main routes converging on to Madurai i and the railway lines are prominent1.12 The History Legend attributes the foundation of the famous Meenakshi Amman Temple to Pandya King Kulasekara, On the occasion of naming the town, it is said that Lord Shiva appeared and drops of nectar fiom his locks fell on the town. So it is christened (Mathuram), the nectar city. The last of the three Tamil Academies (Sangams) flourished hiere years ago. The Nayaks, who not only preserved the work of the earlier kings but also ‘ensiched their traditions, succeeded the Pandyas, great patrons of Tamil learning, an and architecture. 1.13. The Religio-Cultural Panorama Madurai City is the seat of various religious, cultural institutions with traditional characters, Some of these important centres are described below: - 1.13.1 Religious Institutions > Sri Meenakshi Sundareswarar Temple ‘This twin temple dedicated to Lord Sundareswarar (Shiva) and his conson Sri Meenakshi is 258 m in length north-south and 241.4 m in breadth east-west. This is one of the largest temple complexes in India. Of the five Gopurams (towers) that encompass the temple, the 48.8 m high southern tower is the tallest. The towers are noted for stucco work. > The Temple Art Museum This muscum located in the 1,000 -pillar hall contains a good collection of objects of interest relating to the temple architecture. » Woodal Azhagar Temple ‘To the west of the city is this ancient Vaishnavite temple with beautifull sculptures. The Lord here is in three poses sitting, standing and reclining, each being depicted one above the other, > Perumal Temple, Tallakulam This is an important temple in the history of Madurai as it is directly linked with Chittirai Festival. > Mariamman Theppakulam This tank also known as Vandiyur Theppakulam is at the eastern end of the city. It is almost equal in area to that of the Sri Meenakshi Temple. The float festival is held‘here every year in January - February, > Thulukkanachiar Temple at Vandiyur ‘This temple is important considering the fact the Azhagar comes and stays here ‘over night during the Chittrai Festival > St Mary's Church This is an important religious centre of the Christian community in Madurai city. ‘This was established in the year 184]. The magnificent tower of this church is an ‘important landmark in Madurai, > Big Mosque at Gori Palayam This Gori Palayam moque is said to be established by Tippu Sultan whose reign estended upto Medurai. ‘The then Raja of Madurai had donated considerable extent of Jand around the mosque as enam; major part of which was later on encroached ‘upon by, Private people. > Darga at South Gate This is a historically important place of worship for muslims to pay reverence to the footprints of Saint Mahaboo-Subhani. Apart from the above, a number of temples, sshuretes and mosques exist in this town 2s a symbol of social integration between different religious groups. 1.1.32 Cultural Institutions Madurai city is the seat of number of cultural institutions bearing the testimony of its importance, > Thirumiai Naicker Palace While planning arid developing Madurai city, the early Pandya Kings identified the southeastern part of the town as the site for the palace and constructed the palace ‘String Importance both to architectural and functional aspects. Even though a major-part ‘of these palace properties was later sold or encroached by others, this important landmark sill exists as a proof of the splendid living of the erstwhile rulers. This palace is one km ‘southeast of Meenakshi temple and the King Thirumalai Naicker adopting Indo-Sarcenic syle of construction constructed the whole building. > Pudumandapam This mandapam built by Thirumalai Nayak is situated between the eastem tower ‘of the temple and the unfinished Rayagopuram. This hall is noted for beautiful sculptures. 4> Rani Mangammal Palace Rani Mangammal constructed a number of structures such as summer palace (now sed as Gandhi Museum), Retreat Palace and Guesthouse (now used as PWD office and Police Commissioner Office). She also constructed a Chattram (now used by the Corporation for the Tourist purpose) > Gandhi Museum The Museum contains a picture gallery, a gallery of relics, Khadi & Village industries and South Indian Handicrafts sections. > Government Museum Situated within the Gandhi Museum Complex itself is the Government Museum, ‘established during the Sth World Tamil Conference in January 1981 » Rayagopuram Rayagopuram, which is to the east of Pudumandapam, is the base of a massive tower, twice in size of the base of east gopuram of Meenakshi Amman Temple. It occupies an area of 2200 sqm. A stupendous siructure but unfinished is the monolithic pillar of Rayagopuram located on either side of the gateway to @ height of 1S m. This is a ‘mark of high degree of proficiency of Dravidian Nations. There are many reliefs of King ‘Thirumalai Nayak and his queen on the base The gopuram, if completed would have been the tallest and largest in the State » Pathu Thoon (Ten Pillars) There exist ten massive granite circular pillars in a lane southeast of Meenakshi ‘Temple Iris said that this might have been part of the old palace compound and used to tie the elephants of the royal army. > Tamil Sangam Madurai is important in the field of Tamil literature. It was the seat of the third Tamil Sangam. Tamil Sangam now existing on Tamil Sangam road (though not the continuation of third Sangam), now runs a Sentamil College, a library with an impressive ) | SS ta os 7 SSK Noe Jarman = — ‘ i : : ei & ney HYOMAIN GVOH ONIESIXR aWWVeoONd TWMSNZd NveunN = Ley IVHnavn‘of the river. All the regional highways converge towards the central area. ‘The regional highways from the north converge towards AV Bridge and after crossing the river, these regional highways traverse the central area towards Rameswaram, Aruppukottai, Tinmnelveli, Theni ete. Growth of the city has followed the radial corridors along the regional highways. With the growth and development of the regional centres outside the city as well as the development of the city along the radial corridors, the trafic volume on the city roads has increased many times, particularly on the roads in and around the entral area. The total volume of traffic entering and leaving the Local Planning Area as ‘well as the Madurai city during the peak hour is given in Table § The volume of traffic entering and leaving the city from various roads further increases as the roads enter the central area. The total volume of traffic, entering and leaving CBD cordon during the peak hour increases to 29127 veh / hr. To divert some of the through traffic from the central area of Madurai city, a bye pass road was constructed for NH7 conaecting Dindigal roud and Tirunelveli road on the west of Madurai City. This bye pass has helped in diverting some of the through tatfic from the central area. Recently, river bridges have been constructed to connect the residential developments on the north of the river with the Ramanathapuram road on the south. This has also helped the diversion of some traffic from the central area However the bulk of the through traffic trom the north to the south and vice-versa continue to use the old A.V. Bridge and the road network in and around the central area. Table S Volume of traffic entering and leaving Madurai / LPA and City Se Name of Road ‘Toul Peak Hour Traffic Entering And No Leaving ( Vehicles Per hour) TPA Boundary City Bounds 1__[Tinmneivel 34 1799. 2 | Dindigal 696 1355 3_| Rameswaram 398 1304 4 [Then 391 391 S| Natharn 752 1385 6 | Alagarkoil 180 350 7 Melue 366 670 | Sivaganga 1160 87 9 | Anippukowat 224 1987 10_| Total 5297 10746 Source: CTTS Report, 1997. 1.6 The Master Plan ‘A Master Plan was prepared for Madurai LPA by Directorate of Town and 2Country Planning during 1992. This report contains valuable information on existing Situation of various aspects of Urtan Planning and also suggests specific future actions ‘snd prograntmes. It is important to note that the Master Plan highlights the problems sisting within the CBD of the city, which lies within the four Veli streets around Meenakshi Amman Tempe. It also recommends that there is an urgent need to formulate and execute a carefully and scientifically drawn up Urban Renewal Programme which will involve pedestrianisation of roads within ity centre, opening Up vistas against the ‘Dur temple towers, providing promenades, pathways, public squares and open spaces, displacing the wholesale markets, removal of lory terminals from central area to other ‘suitable places, preservation and ‘Conservation of historical and archeological buildings of importance, enforcement of strict Municipal bye-laws to contro height and architectural ficade of buildings and discouraging all types of non-conforming uses within existing sity centreCHAPTER 2 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY 2.1 The Study Area ‘The central area within the four Veli streets is at present heavily congested with ‘multiple activites, mixed transport modes and road users, Even though the traditional concentric roads around the temple have constraints for further widening, the intensity of usage is growing day by day. There is an imminent danger of multi-storeyed structures springing up and destroying the skyline now dominated by the famous historic temple towers The prevailing highly congested multi-functional socio-economic activities around the Meenakshi Temple spoil the sanctity of the temple environment. Added to this, with the different kinds of transport modes, the confusion is worst confounded. The problems prevailing today in the central area could not be solved on the lines of other ‘ities, especially in view of the location of the ancient temple at the heart of the city; and ‘the need for preservation of the temple environment and the holy atmosphere ail around, 2.2 Secondary Data The following reports have been considered in detail, which went a Tong way in ‘making the study meaningful and constructive Structure Plan for Madurai, 1989 Master Plan for Madurai, 1992 Heritage Plan for Madurai Comprehensive Traffic & Transportation Study (CTTS) for Madurai, 1997 Census of India, 1991 Gazetteer for Madurai Study on Effective Demand for Housing in Tamil Nadu - Madurai Dit report of STEM, 1993-94 > The Tamil Nadu Ancient & Historical Monuments and Archeological Sites and Remains Act, 1966 > Pamphlets - Tourism Department > Consulting Engineering Services (CES) Repon on Storm Water Drainage Master Plan for Madurai LPA and Surroundings, 1993 vyvy vvvey ict = A project MW2.3. Field Surveys In the TOR for the study of Urban Renewal Programme, it is clearly mentioned that field surveys might be kept minimal and published data used from Directorate of Town & Country Planning Department and local bodies etc. The study team considered ‘that a detailed survey was needed for the URP Area, to make a realistic assessment of the existing situation and propose feasible projects for implementation, However, at the ‘macro level, secondary data on housing density, traffic and transportation aspects, infrastructural facilities, ett, have been used 24 Discussions Elaborate discussions were held with local officials of various Depanments / Organizations in addition to the officers of Directorate of Town & Country Planning, Chennai, The list of officials met during the course of this study is given as Annexure C. Discussions were also held with the Mayor of Madurai, Chairman of the Town Planning Committee and a few other prominent citizens of Madurai for eliciting their opinions on the core issues confronting the city. With a view to make the study more purposeful; the STEM team also interviewed different cross-sections of the society including trustees of the temple, traders, employees, auto drivers, teachers and members of Chamber of Commerce, ete.CHAPTER 3 URBAN RENEWAL PROGRAMME AREA: DELINEATION 3.1 The Background ‘The Master Plan for Madurai Local Planning Ares approved by the Goverment > Population and housing densities - ward wise > Location of traffic generators % ‘Traffic volume on existing street network >» Concentration of central functions > Trends of Development / Re-development > Land Values > Infrastructure and other services 3.2 Land Use A study of the existing land uses within Madurai City is made in the Master Plan. The landuse break-up (1991) is given in Table 6. Table 6 Landuse (1991) Tanduse Extent (ha) Percentage to Developed Area | Total Area Residential 2145.07, 37.49 4139 (Commercial 198.50 532 383 Industrial 210.18 56 405 Educational 172.05 461 332 Public & Semi-Public 265.19 7.10 S12 ‘Transport & Communication | ___ 740.88 19.85 14.29 “Total Developed Area T3154 100.00 72.00 ‘Agricultural 947.95 2 18.29 Land Undee Water 3502.82 : ‘O71 “Total Undeveloped Area 1450.77 2 28.00 Total City Area 5182.31 : 100.00 ‘Source: Master Plan Report, 1992 Te may be observed that although the commercial area for Madurai City covers an ‘extent of 198.50 ha, the areas surrounding Meenakshi Amman ‘Temple alone account for ‘over half oF this (.e about 100 ha). This factor goes a long way in identifying the area 6‘Around the temple as the potential URP Area. 33° Population and Housing Densities (Wardwise) {Wis generally observed that the population and housing densities in an Urban Renewal Area will be usually higher: ‘creating a condition of overcrowding. Hence, a study of the population and housing density in Madurai City ward wise has been made to idemity the potential URP Area, Table 7 indicates the population and housing density ward wise as per 1991 census in Madura City. t could be seen that the Seasity of population is uniformly high in Ward No. 31 to 49 (excluding 41 & 42) which ay be considered as the area proposed for Urban Renewal Programme, Map 2 shows ‘the population density in various wards ‘Table 7 Ward-wise population and housing density (1991) Ward No. | Ward Area | Population Households (ha) Persons | Density | Households | Density periha) (iva) T TLS] T5839] 42.66 3528] 1847 z 1782| 18825 [Tonos 4392] 24.08 3 ALT] 1168 | 267-47 2431 | $8.05 ‘ 333| Beit 73.6 2632 493 5 477 | 4908 | 31442 3263 | 68.40 © 117.2] 15729 [13430 3258 [27.80 7. G6 sisi | 2kis 183 | 2898 % S37] 13508 | 2s1sa 7 2912 [$4.22 9 33.2 9431 | 175.62, 2020] 37.61] 10, 19.8 [14777] 74631 3041 | 153.38 Uy 1133 12070 | joes 2520] 22.34 12 100.0 14482 | tas ea 32223372 i. 133.8] 9696] — 7835 1948 [15.72 iS 1 62912970 | 20630 2800 | 46s 15. 28] 13025 | $4736 2562 | Til.aa 16. 26,5 [711426 | 431.17 2450 92.85 | 17. 165] 14952 | 904.60. 3169 | 192.06, 18 285] 13000 | —a¥0 a4 3030 | 106.31 18 45.0] 13135 | 291.08 2964 | 65.86 20. 10.60] 7339[ 692.36 1612] 15.20 21. 69.60] 12468 | — 175 14 240 [40.80 2 3440 | 18127 | 326.95 3409] 110.72 B. 1130] 12a [1074 67 2611 [231.06 4 $90] 12463 [311237 2052] 449.50 25, 2.90 | 13875 | 208.69 2760) 43.88 26, 44.40 [14871 | 33.68 3053 | 69.66 27. 5430] 14138 | 260.31 3076] 36.63 28. 90.70 | 9193 | 103.45 2025 | 23.32 29. 38.90 | 24800 | 415.96 S33[ 9025 30, 107 30 | 14209 | 132.42 2409) 22.43, Vv‘7E0 009 ~ byNN3H19, AHENBOVNYH 7 ANahMoWAlts ASOVONNDEA 40 SiGOIUMAS Los 34439 onao37 Aui8N3@ YotLwindod SWAVEOOed TWKANaY N¥ean IVaNnavN31 S10] 10859 | 340.16 200] 7074 132 2450| 6373 | 260.12 125 [$2.45 735, 31.80 | 10892 | 342.51 2267 |__71.29 734. 47.70. | 15485 | 324.00 3199 | 67.06 135, 25.80] 1018s | 477.98 2078 | 87.14 ¥36. 29.10 9597 | 377.38 1988 | 6831 337. Bis0] 11516 | $28.25 738, 4170 | 17508 |419.78 338, 19.20 | — 28a | 774.92 = 21.20] 10301 | 490.14 ai 6480 13082 | 292.12 a. 46.40] 9607 | 208.08 743 25.K0| 13072] $87.05 was 2050 [12384 | $07.78 FS. 10.60) 12806 | 1208.11 Zn 2630] 10169 | 343.74 “aT. 3110 | 14507 | 466.46 oa 3i30] M176 | 35145 749, 23.80] Iato2 | 392.52 30. 79.80] 12820] 416.78 Ei 7150] 15512 | 216.95, cH 130.60] 4867 | 40.35 3 4440 | 18582] 4185) 34 24.50 1028 | 430.12 35. 6620] 14326] 21640 (36 990 _17S6r] 177s Be 37. 34a0| 93.14 | 270.176 35 4440] 13390] 301.58 38 3970] 12288 | 287.16 60. 35.10] 13089] 395.44 61 35.10] 12983 | 309389 a 2550 11958] 403.49 6. 1850] 1176s [635.89 6 4770 | 798s | __ 165.47 6S. T4640] 7801] _ $3.29 6 22250] 10806 | 4857 ot Toa.10| 12668 | 65.26 68. 2850 | 17301] 75.72 o 241.80] 16908 | 6785 70. 6750| 12701 | 188.16 7 19,90 | 25708 | 214.41 72. 3230 | 16815] 5109 Source 2 Census of India, 1991 Note: * indicates wards likely to fallin URP Area 3.4 Traffic Generators Map 3 shows the actual location ‘of major traffic generators such as tourist important places, cinema theatres, religious institutions, schools and other educational institutions in Madurai City. It may be seen that most of the traffic generators are lying:740 way — 1wHaH LNGW2OENEH > LNIANOWANS soqeNi}]24 40 SiSolmMUS wod aMLNaD vine de isan ong037 qwowwuanze tases AWWYHOGsd TWM3Nad NVEUN Ivunavnwithin the old part of the town on the south bank of river Vaigai forming part of the likely URP Area. 3.5 Traffic Volume on Existing Street Network The existing traffic volume on the major street network within the study area has been studied with the help of Comprehensive Traffic & Transportation Study (CTTS) for Madurai, The trafic in the roads within the Central Business District (CBD) cordon is not only highest but complicated with both slow and fast moving vehicles creating a host of problems. Further, the demand for parking space within the CBD area is also high, Which could not be provided without obstructing the fie low of traffic, It is self-evident that the traffic problems within the CBD deserve special attention and the Urban Renewal Programme must include this area to recommend solutions to these situations 3.6 Concentration of Central Functions ‘A study of various important functional activities within the different parts of the city indicates that almost all the central fictions of the city such as religious centres, ‘major commercial activities, transportation terminals, culture and economic activities are discharged from the oldest part of the city. Hence, the URP should consider redistributing some of these activities to improve their efficiency and use to the citizens. The concentration of central functions has been considered as a parameter for delineation of the URP Area. 3.7 Trends of Development Table 8 shows the Planning permissions issued within Madurai Corporation during the year 1997, ‘A total number of 805 planning permissions (East & South Zanes on southern part ‘of the city Le. temple and surrounding areas) were issued during 1997. This indicates that more reconstruction is taking place in the aforesaid area due to the importance of the area and increased demand for space, This further shows that this area where redevelopment is taking place should also be included in the URP Area. a‘Table $ Planning Permissions issued during the period 1.1,97-31.12.97 Particulars \ Zones ‘North East South West ‘Comprising Ward Nos Ttoat 440059 | Sita, | 220030, 60t065 | 66t072 Population 273000 | 286000 ~| 285000 | 280000. “Area (hia) 1955 612 740 | _1878 Planning Permissions A440 359. 530 596, 256 310 49S 553 159 0 35 28 Permissions Pending 25 : : 15 ‘Source: Madurai Corporation, [598 3.8 Land Values Land values of a city become a enucial parameter to indicate importance of the areas and the trend of growth especially vertical, in such high value areas. ‘The Study Team has conducted a detailed inventory on the land values for various parts of the city obtined from Sub-Registrar’s Office, Madurai ‘The data collected has been given in Table 9. Map -4 indicates the current values of land in vatious parts ofthe ci ‘Table 9 Guideline value of various locations Location adjacent to Lind Cost (RSI) T ‘Non Veli_Strect = 1167.00 2° | fast Veli Sweet 1091.60, 3+ | South Veli Sireer 1034.00 4 | West Veli Sweet 80000 S| Wes Perumal Maistyy Strect 675.00 6 >| West Marat Suet 67500 7 >| West Masi Street 1110.00 =| West Avani Moola Stet 1120.00 9] west Chinirai Street 107.16 ‘South Marat Street ‘600.00 ‘South Masi Sticet 1110.00 ‘Soult Avani Moola Steet 1120400. ‘South Chitiras Street 1047.10 East Masi Stect 1015.00, East Avani Moola Street 1120.00 East Chittrai Street 1047.10 =| Fart Sangam Road 647.50 =| Workshop Road 1000.00 + [Good Shepherd Road 1050.00 + | Vakiat_New Street 75.40 21 * [North Masi Street 1110.00 22 * | North Avani Moola Steet 1120.00 North Chitra Sireet 1047.10 2BibiKwlam ‘Goripalayam Padur Survervor’ s Colony ‘Moenakshi Mission KK Nagar ‘Anna Nagar ‘Munichalai “Teppalalam ‘Nandana Theatre Avaniapurasy oe Perungudi PRC Main Depot 35° (Nel Periai 6° ‘Bus Stand 37° Railway Station 3a" ‘Sethupathi High School 397 BS Police Station 0 Periyakadai Vecthi a Viliakku Thoon. ez TM Court oat ‘Koodal Azkagar Kal ae ‘Nandeeswarar Koil os ‘Arya Bhavan Comer ‘College House ‘Dhanappa Mudaly ‘Central Market a ‘Source: Office of Sub Registrar, Near Palace, Madurai Note: * indicates locations to be included tn URP Area 381 Infrastructure ‘The infrastructure like water supply, sewerage, roads ete for Madurai had been BGesigned ara developed in 1920's with a design period of 40 years. The possibility of expanding these facilities to present day requirements is highly prohibitive and almost impossible though improvements on the existing system had been made from time to time. The existing infrastructure requires complete redesign, as is evidem for example from the water supply levels to the CBD areas at present, which is only 55 Iped, Sewer mains, which were laid in 1924, require maintenance. Thus the oldest part ofthe city is badly affected and needs. special effort for management of these overstrained infrastructure facilities having surpassed their threshold limits. A careful study of Table 9 and Map 4 will clearly reveal that land values are the highest in the areas around the temple, wherein fast redevelopment is occurring despite the fact that infrastructure facilities are not adequate. Hence, the parameters of land value and deficiency in infrastructural levels clearly indicate that these areas are considered fit tobe included in Urban Renewal Programme Area 3.9 Delineation A study of the above parameters adopting sieve map techniques has been made for delineation of URP Area, However, itis also considered that areas identified under URP should have well defined precise boundaries to avoid future tt Accordingly, the study team identified the URP Area with the following clear boundaries On By North River Vaigai Eat Anuparadi Chane! South Railway line to Rameswaram West Railway lines to Dindigal The above area well -defined by physical boundaries covers an extent of 464 02ha and a population of 206645 ‘The URP Area thus delineated includes all areas stwgested for Urban Renewal in Master Plan, with additional areas all around which are also found to be influenced by factors considered This provides a firm basis for conducting further studies leading to identification of specific problems followed by corrective solutions. Map 4 indicates the area delineated as URP Area. auURBAN RENEWAL PROGRAMME MADURAI CENTRE FOR SyuBOSIS OF TECHNOLOGY ENVIRONMENT & MANAGEMENT CHENNAL~ 600 036CHAPTER 4 URBAN RENEWAL PROGRAMME AREA: AN IN-DEPTH STUDY With a view to arrive at an adequate appreciation and ctear understanding about the existing conditions of the URP Area, detailed studies based on planning parameters are conducted. These include collection of primary and secondary data and their analysis, 4.1 Primary Data Collection STEM investigators have conducted field surveys, focusing the attention on the following problems: 4.1.1 Land and Building Use A detailed survey of the existing land and building use within the URP Area was ‘carried out with a view to identify the specific uses of the area. These uses are broadly classified ws residential, commercial, public & semi-public, educational, industrial and transportation. The field staff inspected each building in the area and information was collected through performa containing parameters like structural condition and age of the building. Special survey’ on the wholesale activities, lodging facilities, location of multi- storeyed buildings, etc. was also carried out and the findings are detailed below: 41.11 Landuse ‘The extent of the land used for different purposes within the URP Area is abstracted in Table 10. ‘Table 10 Land & building use in the URP Area (1998) Tanduse ‘Area Occupied (ha) | Percentage to Total Area Residential 201 30 2.38 Commercial 10520 22.67 Public & SemicPublic 63.42 13.67 Educational = 12.07 2.60 Tndusisial 132, 028 Roads #071 17.40 Total Area 454.02 100.05 ‘Source: STEM Survey, 1998 4.1.1.2 Building Use ‘Map $ shows the landuse and Map 6 the distribution of existing kutcha and multi- 601-259 ony) OMSD AWWEOONd THEN NYBYN IvunagvW Svs—» SHHIMURONE, WINES, NER |. Twanaynstoreyed buildings, From study and analysis ofthe maps, the folowing Findings emerge: > About 23 % of the total URP Area is under commercial use > Kuicha buildings are concentrated in the wholesale and retail vegetable markets, They lay scattered in other areas, } The multi-storeyed buildings are not concentrated in any specific area, but are intermixed with other buildings and all of them are less than 25 years of age 4.1.2 Commercial Activities Commodity-wise specialization of commercial activity is conspicuous in the URP ‘Area. Retail and wholesale markets occupy am area of 7.40 ha of the total commercial area of 105.20 ha. Pudumandapam alone has around 150 shops covering an area of 0.39 ha. Some of the major findings are as follows: (i) Trades are located commodity-wise on the following streets, a) Chittirai Street Textiles, drugs and books b) —E, Avani Moola Street Paper and Stationery ©) S$ Avani Moola Street Jewelry @)— W-Avani Moola Street ‘Photo studios and film distribution offices e) _N-Avani Moola Street Wholesale Vegetable market ) — E. Masi Street Grains, pulses and oil (wholesale) g) 8. Masi Street Textiles fh) W. Masi Street Hotels and restaurants i) E, Marret Street Lorry booking and parcel services dD ‘Vakkil New Street Fruits & flowers (wholesale markets) kK) W Tower Street Fancy goods, fumiture and textiles 1) NNVeli Street ‘Automobile spare parts and electrical zoods mE, Veli Street Paddy, bate leat (wholesale) 1) Raja Mill Road ‘Automobile Workshops (ii) Retail trade is operated over the entire area, some ofthese are encroachments (ii) Most of Pudumandapam and part of Meenakshi Amman Temple are misused for retail trade, (jv) Retail trade exists atthe entrances within the temple premises (6) Wholesale markets in the URP Area attract large number of heavy goods vehicles, light goods vehicles, bullock carts, hand cars, fish carts, eyele rickshaws and tricycles for transport of goods to and from the area. This creates all sorts of trafic »problems in the area causing accidents (el) © Accumulation of solid waste from the wholesale markets including perishable goods deteriorates the environment and even creates health hazards. (ii) Parking of goods vehicles and the loading and unloading activities on the roads obstruct pedestrian movements and the sanctity of the area is affected. (il) Wholesale activities may be shifted to more convenient locations elsewhere in the city. (ix) Lorry booking and parcel services may be shifted to more convenient location ‘elsewhere in the city. - (%) Automobile workshops may be shified to more convenient location elsewhere in the city 4.1.2.1 Wholesale commercial activities ‘A detailed study of the wholesale activities in the area was also made to find out aren occupied by these activities and the problems exused by them, The location of the wholesale trade, lorry booking offices and, automobile workshops in the URP Area is shown in Map 7. The wholesale and retail vegetable markets in the URP Area are functioning in kutcha and semi-pucca buildings of dilapidated condition. “The details about the wholesale trade within the URP. Arca are given in Table 11 ‘Table 11 Wholesale Markets and their Extents in the URP Area Materials Traded ‘Location ‘Area Occupied (Ha) | | Vegetables WN. Avani Moola Street 2.06 Fruits Vakkil New Street O54 Plantain ‘Yanaikal & North Veli St 80 Paddy East Veli Sireot 151 Betel Leat East Veli Street 057 ‘Other Grains East Masi Stet & East 065 Marret Street “Tora cs ‘Source: STEM Survey, 1998 4.1.3 Structures in URP Area ‘The detailed study conducted on the structural condition of the existing buildings in URP ‘Area helps to draw the following inferences (vide Table 12), > Kutcha structures are more in Survey Wards 1, 2, 3 and 6 where the redevelopment activities are concentrated. > Pucca structures are seen predominantly in Survey Wards 3, 4, 7 and 8 0E9009 jam eS “Stanaen 39¥S TOK MEIN SWVOOd “WiaNay NVBSN TvunavN‘Semmi-pucea structures are found most in Survey Wards 2, 3, 5, and 9. > Nearly half of the new structures that have developed inside URP Area are on the western side (Survey Wards 3, 4, 6) owing to its closeness to transportation network and terminals. > About 33 % of old structures are found to be concentrated around the wholesale markets (Survey Wards §, 9) and densely populated southern part URP Area (Survey Wards 2, 3). > Multi-storeyed structures (9m height) are scen to spread over the entire area from north-western to south-eastern side of the URP Area owing to the concentration of Jodges, shopping complexes and offices. 4.1.3.1 Multi-Storeyed Structures Location of multi-storeyed structures is indicated in Map 6. () It ig observed that concentration of multi-storeyed structures is around the areas abutting Town Hall Road, W. Perumal Maistry St. and W. Marret St. This area lies between the temple and the transport terminals (Railway station and Bus stand), Most of them are lodging houses and commercial establishments of recent ovigin. Gi) Uncontrolled development of multi-storyed buildings will affect the skyline ofthe city and obstruct the view of temple towers 4.14 Public And Semi-Public Offices ‘Map & shows the public and semi-public areas within the URP Area, The Govemment offices, which need not necessarily be within the URP Ares but could well be jocated outside URP Area are (Commissioner of Police Office 17S ha (ii) Office of Joint Director, Agriculture 0.17 ha (iii) PWD office (Office of S.E. Water Resource Wing) 06S ha 4.1.5. Religious Places and Monuments ‘Map 9 shows the location of important religious places and monuments within the URP Area. Conservation and proper maintenance of these religious places and monuments should receive top most priority among the schemes being planned under URP 2B66) “AKANE INGLIS 224008. 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On verification, i has bes found that only $ Parks exist in URP Area and even these are not maimtained properly, Added to this, there are quite a few encroachments 4.1.7 Lodgings An inedepth study of the lodgings within the URP Area was carried out with the help of structured questionnsire vide Annesure D and supplemented by particulars from Tourism Department. There are 72 lodges with 2757 rooms and 4626 beds in the URP Area, The total number of parking spaces provided by these lodges is 80. Table 14 Indicates the number of lodges in various blocks within the URP Ares, 4.1.7.1 Assessment of Lodges, Many: programmes contemplated by various Government Departments for improvement of infrastructural facilities in the URP Area are proposed for execution under URP. With improved infrastructural facilities on execution of these programmes, it is recommended that new lodges be permitied within the URP Area satisfying building ‘egulations including parking standards, It is felt thar enforcement of regulations ‘on lodges will go a long way in environmental upgradation also, Considering the demand in short term, development of lodging houses may be ‘Sonsidered outside URP Area also. The government should encourage private investment to provide these services by providing adequate infrastructure facilities: 418 Hawkers Presenée of hawkers encroaching upon the carriageway of roads within the URP Area, especially along the routes frequented by tourists and pedestrians, hinders free flow of traffic. Hence, a special study of hawkers has bein condacted in the URP Area on a sample basis, The results of the study indicate that: concentration of hawkers is seen al) along the Town Hall Road, East & South Chitticai Streets, Netaji Road, South Masi ‘Street, Palace Road and Vilakku Thoon areas. There are about 1250 hawkers in the study area, Relocation/regulation of hawkers from vulnerable spots along traffic routes needs consideration."Table 14 Lodges in URP Area “Name of Street Ward | Block No, | No.of | No.of | No.of No. Lodges | Rooms | Beds 5 7 1 35 56. $ 347 21 BS 1159 3 3 5 125 212 4 19,30 Zz 60 42 4 (ae a8 116 Benumal Koil West Mada St 4 118 1 7B 127 Kosdal Azhagar Perumal Kail 4 18. 2 se 102 ‘West Masi 6 ERAY i 28 47, Perumal Tank Bast 5 s 4 198 295] Perumal Tank West £ s z 6 139. Perushal Tank South - 5 3 24 338) Pachai Nachiamman Kail 4 8 i a5 68 Town Fal Road 316 | 45,078,10 | 10 539 53 ‘Kamarajar Road 3 5 1 3B 31 ‘West Marat 5 346 2 12 air ‘Muda 7 4 z 31 7 ‘West Avani Moola 6 9,10 1 32 West Chittirai 6 9.10 2 38, 9% North Chittirai 7 23 2 49 75 Railway Junction 3 2 1 25 2 Periyar Bus Stand Complex 4 21 1 ia 28 “Yanaikal z 7 1 46 $9 Dhalavi 7 7 1 31 0 Nomh Vell ser | Wien | 2 74 28 ‘Source: STEM Survey, 1998 & Tourism Department 41.9 Tourist Flow to the City 4.1.9.1 Tourist Season The period from November to March offers the ideal climate for foreign tourists ‘to explore the unlimited treasures of Madurai City, When summer sets in, the domestic tourist season begins. Coinciding with the vacation for schools all over the country, the influx of domestic visitors stretches fram April to the end of June. Thus, Tourism industry does roaring business in the city for eight to nine months a year. 4.1.9.2 Tourist Volume ‘The annual tourist flow to Madurai during the last decade is given in Table 18. ‘There was 4 gradual grawth in tourist flow upto 1993 after a fall of 25% has started 10 ‘grow steadily upto 1997. Tourist flow hid seen a S4¥% growth during 1998 with 23 lakh tourists visiting Madurai in 1998 alone The growth in domestic tourist's front saw a S6% 2; “Broth aind 28% growth in foreign tourists: This two-fold increase in tourists in-a decade “Signifies the importance of Madurai both as a pilgrim and tourist centre. It also brings out ‘the need for sufficient infrastructure in the form of accommodation, parking space, commercial requirements, and information:on facilities available, presently inadequate to ‘meet the growing demand, ‘Table 15 Tourist Mow into Madurai during the last decade Year Domestic Foreige Total 1987 973,650 1,16,350 10,909,000 198 10,26,140, 98,860 17.25,000 1989 11,19,000 101,000 12,20,000 1990. 11,49,400 1,00,600 12,50,000 1991 12.20,360 99,640 13,20,000 1992 13,64.600, 120.400 14,85.000 1993 13,94.800 133,200, 15,30,000 1994 10,08,530 97,000 11,05,530 1995 11,$7,402 1,01,355 12,58,757- 1996 11,7219 411,530, 12,83,737_ 1997 13,66,090. 118,430 14,54,520 1998 239.417 131,370, 22,90,787_ ‘Source: Deparment of Tourism 1 4.1.9.3 Requirement of Tourists Tourists require a safe and comfortable place to stay at reasonable cust. Growth of tourism diréetly depends On the availability of decent ard clean accomadation at various levels both for international and domestic tourists . Development of infrastructure is essential especially to enable travel agericies to canvass and confidently organise in advance visits of large groups of tourists from abroad and.at home. ‘The changing trends indicate greater demand for middle class accommodation than high class aand luxury type. Modern tourists desire to travel widely and see more places of interest and sperid' more money on purchases than to pay high prices for accommodation in a few top class hotels. Hence, hotels catering to the needs of the middle class tourists need to be started in large numbers in Madurai City. A recent survey conducted among teading hoteliers indicates that government could encourage setting up hotels under the private sector by recommending deserving cases to financial institutions for loan assistance. 11s, alko suggested that suitable sites may be identified for construction of hotels, lodges and made known to the leading hoteliers.42° Secondary Data ‘Various documents and reports listed under 2.2 of this report aro studied and data ‘made use of from these secondary sources for asvessing the infiastructural facilities, 42.1 Roads and Traffic The traffic condition within the URP Area is very unsatisfictory due to various factors, important among them being: - (® Inter mixture of stow and fist moving vehicles (i) High traffic volume (Gi) Disorganized parking of all types of vehicles on the roads, etc ‘The study (eam aiter making detailed siody recommends that the following factors feced! urgent consideration: - 1) Planning fora hierarchical road system 2) Diverting long distance through traffic peripheral roads 3) Reduce traffic by shifting non- - confarming and in-compatible uses. 4) Road improvements 5) Better trafic circulation 6) Plan for better public transport system 7) Better provision for eyelists and pedestrians 8) Organised parking Detailed analysis and project proposals are described under Chapter S of this report, 4.2.2 Water Supply The total quantity of water supplied to the area, south of the river Vaigal through thirteen over head tanks is'68.6 mld. Of this, seven over head tanks are located in the URP Area The present water supply 6f $5 Iped to the residents of the URP Area needs ‘augmentation to cater to the full needs of the people. 423° Sewerage ‘The earliest sewerage system for this arca was laid in 1924 and sewage generated in the URP Area is 12 mgd. The present system is inadequate to sustain the generation levels. Frequent bursting of the pumping mains of the sewer lines oceurs due to wear and tear of the mains and their usage for fong periods. Due to rapid development within the »Bea during the last few decades, the quantity ‘of sewage has considerably increased A ‘System that can sustain this load has to be designed and provided. The problem can be ived 10 4 grea extent by considering. on priority the re-laying of pumping maitis and improving the collection systems. 4.240 Storm Water Drains In the absence of proper storm water drains, the city roads get flooded duriag ‘ainy season. The drains that presenily exist are clogged with debris of mixed nature The ‘Southwestem poition of the URP Area (ie sround the Central Bus stand) is the worst affected. Efforts need 10 be made for desiting the existing drainage system and wherever ‘ecessary new drains have to be provided 425 Public Conveniences In the study ares, there aie only 14 units of public conveniences with 45 seats serving the tourist population visiting the area. These comprise of 36 numbers of Pay & Use! types and 9 numbers of free toilets maintained by Corporntion, Provision of ‘sdditional public convenience units is m ‘must’ for the large tourist population ranging between 25000 to 30000 per day, In addition to the existing toilets there is an urgent need to provide additional toilets particularly along the routes af tourist movement. 42,6 Electricity There are frequent power failures within the URP Area resulting in great inconvenience not only to the residents but also to the commercial activities. Power failures creave air pollution due to greater use of generators, and there are chances of Accidents on the roads wt tights. The overhead disiritution of electricity causes frequent Power failures, accidents duc to snapping of pawer lines, etc. Further overheud lines affect the aesthetic quality of the heritage area too. It is imperative to improve power ‘supply system to avoid frequent power fiiluires and ensure supply. The conversion from overhead lines to underground cables with additional transformers and. sub-stations: are Tecommended to be taken tp atthe easiest. 4.2.7 Solid Waste Management ‘The average solid waste generated within the study area is about 120 tons/day Majority of this comes from vegetable market area. (14.5 tons), It is found that 3 tons of 40: ding per day is also generated within the URP Area. The following remedial sires need to be taken to meet the situation; ‘There is an urgent need to inereate the number of tipper lorries and trucks used fr collection of solid waste. GH) Theres ah urgent need to increase the manpower, both permanent and stand ~ by employees. G3) Suitable tranafer stations within the URP Area have to be identified _ @) Panicipation of NGO's, CBOs, should he encouraged (©) Public awareness for keeping the city clean has to be created through Press and electroni¢ media 4.3 Identification of Priority Needs Priority needs identified as a result of the studies conducted through field surveys and perusal ofthe existing documents are listed below; 1, The garden around the temple to be landscaped and carefully maintained, Parking and garbage dumping within the garden area to be totally prohibited 2. ‘Koodal Azhagar Theppakulam needs to be renovated to retain its sanctity, ax-an environmental upgradation measure and used for improving ground water teehiarge of the aren. 3. Shops affecting valuable monuments: viz Pudumandapam, Rayagopuram and those within the temple (other than those needed for worship) have to be shifted 10 nearby suitable locations. 4 The wholesale markets dealing with vegetables, paddy, fruits, flowers, other food. ‘grains and green plantains have to be shifted to suitable locations on the fringe of ~ the city ‘The retail vegetable market has to be reconstricted 6 Shifting of Government offices from URP Area to suitable locations outside URP ‘Area has to be considered 7 Reuse of arcas afer shifting of present incompatible and non-conforming uses is essential for the betterment of enviroament and for other urban uses such as retail shops and parking. §& Shifting of lorry booking offices and automobile workshops to suitable locations outside URP Area has tobe considered 9% Improvements suggested to traflie and transportation for URP Area and at city 410, 12 13. 16, 45 level are as follows: Diversion of bye-passable traffic from central area. Reduction oF traffic generated by non-conforming & incompatible uses Planning for a hierarchical road network Improvement to traffic circulation Improvement of conditions far pedestrians and cyclists Improvement of condition of public transport vehicles Provision of additional parking space tor tourists & other vehicles Improvements to infrastructure such as water supply, drainage, sewerage, solid Waste management, electricity ete. within the URP Area are taken up on Priority basis, Provision of adequate Public Conveniences to meet the increasing demands ‘especially of tourists. ‘The existing parks have to be renovated and maintained wel Metsures for relieving streets frequented by vehicles from hawkers, Building bylaws be enforced to regulate mult-sioreyed constructions within URP Area {astituonal arrangements need to be made, specifically. for implementation of Projects within URP Area and their Future maintenance e738 aoeCHAPTER § PROJECT PROPOSALS ‘he basic policy i aimed at preserving the satitity ofthe temple and its environs. ‘The simosphere should be conducive to the Visiting pilgrims, This becomes practical ‘only when the commercial activity is kept at the retail level especially for meeting the Semands of pilgrims and local residents. This implies that non-conforming uses have to Be considered for shifting while encouraging compatible uses only, Project proposals are made keeping in view the basic principies of *) Minimum demolition of structures ©) Minimum dislocation of functional activity segments ©) Minimum changes in the traditional outlook, utban form and usage While working out the proposals, emphasis is laid on certain thrust areas, out of Which six specified items sre listed belaw- (Conservation and preservation of religious places and monuments Shiting of non-conforming and in-compaiible usage segments Improvements to trafic and transpottation Improvements to infrastructure Environmental upgradation Institutional and legislative measures Pw Oe oO $1 Conservation and Preservation of Religious Places and Monuments A Geiailed study of all heritage buildings ard precincts within URP Area has been made by the STEM Stidy Team and identified the following religious places and ‘monuments for conservation and preservation, > Sri Meenakshi Amman Temple > Koodal Ahager Temple > Si Mary's Churet > Durgah at South Gate * Pudumandapam Rayagopuram ‘Thirumalai Naickar Mahal Palaces of Rani Mangammal yur> Ten Pillars (Pathu Thoon) ® Roodal Azhagar Teppakulam ‘Preservation and conservation of religious, places and monuments call for special ‘nitiatives with continuous follow-up action. St Religious Places Important religious places coming within the periphery of the URP Area, which ‘areto be considered for preservation, are as follows: S.1.1.1 Sri Meenakshi Amman Temple ‘Sri Meenakshi Amiman Temple located at the heart of the city with its intricately Sculptured and pained gopurams, multi-pillared halls is a major tourist attraction. The temple Today is an enormous complex occupying an area of 240m by 260m. Built between 12 and 17th centuries, the four entrances to the temple have spectacular ‘gopurams. There are also ten mandapams and eight smaller inner zopurams. Aayiramkal ‘mandapam & Pudumandapam located around the temple are notable > Shifting of shops The shops now existing within the precincts of the temple mar the religious ‘stmosphere of the temple besides obstructing the view of valuable sculpuires. Hence: it is ‘imperative to shif these shops to outside premises aid relocate ther in the tedeveloped ‘central market area. The apprehension that shifling of these shops will affect tourist and Pilgrim activity is ill founded. However, small shops especially those dealing with ‘worship articles could be allowed to remain near the entrance, outside the temple if they don't obstruct the sculptures or road trafic > Proper Mumination inside the Temple Its recommended that better illumination may be provided inside the temple with special effects for exquisite statues, The statues may be provided with appropriate nameplates and related history. > Better Garden Maintenance The garden around the temple Nandavanam must be carefully landscaped! and maintained. The parking of vehicles and dumping of garbage in this area are to be prohibited. It is observed that certain areas inside the temple need! better maintenance by Way Of regular cleaning. This with better illumination will enhance the environment inside the temple. These are short-term plans 4ne ' - ‘This monumental religious structure with imposing compound wail should be conserved / preserved with necessary maintenance The serenity of the temple and preservation of sculptures, which are of ‘immense historical, and architectural importance are to be taken up. Provision of ‘organised parking lots on the Sannathi Street and the space available in the front ‘of the temple will help to solve the parking problem in this area S41.1.2 Koodalazhagar Temple The ancient Koodalazhagar temple situated southwest of Meenakshi Animan temple is dedicated to Lord Vishny and covers an area of about 1 ha. The Vimana with ‘elegant pyramidal shape rises shove the gopurams; ornamented stone windows provide fight and air in an ingenious way Lord Ramas' Pattabhishekam is depicted in woodearvings: > Action Plan This monumeatal religious structure with imposing compound wall should bbe conserved and preserved with necessary maintenance. Provision of parking Tots in Sannathi Street and in the space in front of the temple may be considered. The sacred well within the temple premises must be made functional. 5.1.1.3 Koodalazagar Teppakulam It is suggested that the present area occupied by the Teppakulam could be developed retaining the religious importance and storing water in the tank throughout the vyear with proper landscaping. The reuil vewetable market adjoining Teppakuilam may be reconstructed. In the overall development of the area, the retention of the Teppukulam and improvement of environment should be given top priority 5.1.1.4 Other Temples Other important religious temples within URP Area are Muktheeswarar Temple, Tnmaciyal Nanmaitharuvar Koil, Madana Gopalaswamy Keil, Krishnan Koil, Chellathamma Koil etc. The conservation and preservation of these temples may also be 4sForlorn Koodalalagar Temple Teppakulam taken Up in the second phase evaluating the démand for facilities thereot A statement of temples: ‘Table 16 Other temples in URP Area in URP Area is given in Table 16 SNo. Name of Temple Extent | Maintained Location ] (ha) bs LoL Private |S. Chitiras St | 038 Privaie | Simmukkal ‘O71 HIRCE | Krinshnasayar Tank St 02 Private | N. Veli St i Kaliamman. 002 Private |S. Veli St Jadamuni 003 Privaie | Sandapettsi Narasim Private | Dalavay Agraharam —Private | Manjanakara St | | Ponaadai Karruppusamy Private | Nadar Viyasalai S| ngala Parameswari Private | Nadar Viyasalai S| Rajerajeswari——Thindla | Private | Nadar Viyasalal St | Private | Pacharshikarar St Prive | ~ | Mcla Karuppancansamy Private |= Then Thinivalayasamy HRCE |= —[Angala Param = “17, [ Pannodai ‘Chettiaran St i8__| Muthiya Manjanakara St. | [719TSappani 5 ‘Sappani Koil St 10.02 Private |S. Masi St 002 Private | Dindigal road 0.0% Private | Simmakkal 0.02 Private | Kallanai St. 0.01 Priyme |S. Veli St 0.08 Private | S: Masi St aor Private |W. Masi St. 053 Private |S. Masi St 0.01 'S. Masi St = S Masi St_ O51 N. Masi St. O41 W. Vellala St. 0.04 = 0.04 S_Veliaia Lane 0.02 Private | S. Perumal Muisiry St Source: STEM Survey, 1998 S15 SeMary's Church, StMary’s Church with its magnificent towers and architectural splendor was ‘originally constructed asa small church in 1841 has attained its present form in 1916, ‘The preservation of sculprures, which are of iinmense historical and architectural importance together with the religious stmoxphere within the premises, must be given importance, Proper planting of trees end shribs within the premises may control air and noise pollution in the church This will also help to enhance the environment by providing shades and greenery during summer $.1.1.6 Durgah at South Gate This is a historically important place of worship for Muslims, preserving the footprints of Saint Mahaboob-Subhani Conservation, preservation and maintenance of this structure oF “immense historical importance must be taken up by. removing all encroachments are! by regulating the commercial activities around. $1.2 Monuments Madurai has got a number of monumental buildings, which must be conserved and preserved in the interest of firure generation. The important among them are; ”‘$1.21 Thirumalai Nayak Mahat © Thinumalai Nayak Maal is a magrificient structure built by King Thinumalai Nevsk in the 16th century with the help of an tian architect. This palace bears:eloquent ‘testimony to the high standards of ancient art and stchitecture. Present remnants are only ‘apart of the imposing original palace, which was four times bigger Conservation of the Mahal is important because of its historical importance. The average tourist population visiting this monument daily is about 3000, The Archaeological Department has already taken up a massive project for the conservation ‘snd renovation of the Mahal with an outlty to the tune of Rs. 4.6 crores with fund ‘obtained from the Department of Art and Culture. The amount sanctioned under Phase 1 ‘sf renovation was R678 lakhs of which Rs $2 lakhs has been spent so far. ‘The works excouted s0 fur include removal of overburden earth around the palace, lying of pavement round the outer wall, fomtation of drains and downfall pipes, concreting the courtyard, anti-jermite (rextment, sudai work, etc. No budget provision is proposed under URP Project. Provision for parking area for tourist vehicles, toilet facilities for tourists, tourist information and guide facilities i essentia) $.1.2.2 Padumandapam Opposite to the east gate of the temple in East Chittirai Street is the Pudumandapam, also known as Vasantha Mandapam. It was the dance hull of the early ‘Thirumalai Nayak kings. 124 beautifully sculptured stone pillars support the granite roo? ‘of this mandapam. Most of the sculptures are not visible now and some of them have been damaged due to the indiscriminate use of this monumental aren by shops of various consumer articles and services, ‘The following initiatives are recommended for maintaining the importance of this ‘monumental structure of great heritage value Shifting of the shops within these monuments may be taken up along with the shifling of wholesale vegetable market as an Integrated Project during preparation of resuse plans of the market area. After shifting of the shops, it is recommended that Pudumandapam be convered as an “An Gallery’ Appropriate audio-visual presentation on the historical importance of Madurai and the places of tourist importance can be shown both to local and foreign tourists. Cultural programmes.can also be held within Pudumancapam. Renovation and conservation of the monument can be taken up as a short-term project, by removing the existing shops to 48aitemalive sites in the vicinity Bk i ve Paxadal 51.23 Rayagopuram The Rayagopuram, which is to the east of the Pudumandapam, is the base of a massive tower (measuring 61m by 36-m) twice the size of the base of the east gopuram A stupendous structures but unfinished, the monolithic pillars of Rayagopuram are 1S m »Bigh sod mark the high degree of proficiency of Dravidian masons. Gopuram! base is finished including ornamental works, There are many reliefs of King Thinumalai Nayak send his queens on the base. The arca around this monument is also highly encroached by shops All encroachments on and around this structure must be cleared as they mar the beauty is structure, Conservation anid preservation of thik structure will have to be taken up as a shon-term project considering its tourist attraction potential Rayagopuram, a view of encroached shops 5.1.24 Palaces of Rani Mangammal Apart from the simmer palaces, Rani Mangammat had built two more palaces cone at North Chittirai Street (present PWD office) and the other at South Chittirai Street (preset Commissioner of Police Office). These palaces also stand testimony to the architectural skills of Dravidian builders: These may be reused for tourism related uses and for provision of parking Jots for tourist vehicles visiting temples and surrounding monuments 5.12.5 Pa 1 Thoon (Ten Pillars) There exist ten-massive granite circular pillars in a lane southeast of Meenakshi %Temple It is said that this might have been part of the old palace compound used to tie the elephants of the royal army. ‘The very existence of this moniment is not well Poblicived! Name boards for reaching this monument have to be provided at sppropriate places E13 _ Development Regulations The Government of Tamil Nadu in G.O. Ms No. 164, MA&WS Department dated 15.06.9% restricted the height of the new buildings within four Veli sireets to 9 m. The Purpose of this order is to prevent high rise buildings obstructing the views of the imporant temple towers of Meenakshi Amman temple. Considering the increased demand for urban land and the need for vertical growih the possiblity of identifying visual corridor where multistoried building can be permined be explored while preparing the DD Plans for URP Area. Some of the streets identified as sub-arterial in the street network are narrow. ‘They (Raja: Mill rox, West Veli street ext.) may be widened incorporating street alignment technique to get the required Right OF Way. ‘The four temple towers being important landmarks of the city, and ‘of historic ‘niportance it may be worthwhile to consider the vista proposal for the streets leading towards the towers in all four ditections at least trom the Veli streets. The possibility of ‘enforcing the concept of 'Transfes/Purchase’ of Development rights’ together with the DD Plan proposals for street alignmenv/realignment can he explored to achieve the vista Fenture. It iy recommended thar the DD Plans for URP Area may be ptepared and ‘Sanctioned early incorporating the URP proposals and concepts briefed above. 5.2 Shifting of Non-conforming and In-compatible Use Segments Although the present project proposals are worked out based on the ‘minimum disturbance of existing structures’ principle, certain items Pertaining to non-conforming and in-compatible uses need shifting and re-location, considering the damages caused by ‘them to the historical and heritage important monumental sinaccures in the area. Such items are given below: () Wholesale markers Gi) Government & semi-government offices (iil) Lorry booking offices and Automobile workshops ‘The need and justification for shifting and re-location of these items are discussed below. aWholesale Markets Table 17 gives areas occupied by existing wholesale markets within the URP ‘and their location, ‘Table 17 Wholesale Markets SNe. yaimodity | Market Extent Location along (ha) | Wegetabie 2.06 Woah Avani Moola Streat 2__| Pad 1st East Veli Street 3_| Other Food Grains 0.65 ‘East Masi Street a _[ Fruits OS4 ‘Vakkil New Strest 3 [Plantain & Beret 137 East Veli Street, North Vel leaves Street STEM Survey, 18 £2.11 Shifting of Wholesale Vegetable Markets ‘The central vegetable market occupies an area of 2.06 ha and the shops are located je old structures. While indicating their willingness to shift from the present location, ‘trade represeatatives insist that adjoining retail market should also be shifted Simultaneously lest the same will convert itself into a wholesale market in due course. f, this apprehension can be overcome by enforcement of TAMIL NADU SPECIFIED COMMODITIES MARKETS (REGULATION OF LOCATION) ACT, 1996 ‘and by banning movement of tnicks within the URP Area Since the market is located in a very vulnerable area, shifting of this market will +s. long way in environmental upgradation of the URP Area besides reducing the probleins of traffic. Reuse of the area after shifting be carefully planned and executed. ‘Because of its proximity to Meenakshi Amman temple, Pudumandapam, Rayagopuram, | the shops in these monuments could be relocated in this aren Besides, additional shopping, ear parking (way be multi-level) and parks ete could also be developed. This ‘entire project could be on BOT basis, which will be on a short-term basis. 5.2.1.2 Shifting of Wholesale Paddy, Food grains, Fruits, Flowers, Pulses and Betel Leaves Markets Shifting of these markets away from URP Area will not only, improve ‘environmental balance but also help reduction of major traffic problems. The existing space after shifting could be used for retail trade of the same with other commodities, parking of LOVs ete,Vegetable retail markets housed in thutehed structures 52.1.3 Reconstruction of Retail Markets ‘The retail market occupies an ares of 0.88 ha and the shops are all located in 3strictures, except the flower market. A project for reconstruction of the market ‘arto be planned and executed along with the shifling of the wholesale market. ‘The area ‘san he reused for providing retail shops in'storeyed structures, parking facilities and Jaodscaping ete, This project could be taken up on BOT basis as a Short-Teim project ‘S.2.1.4 Reasons for Shifting Wholesale Activities ‘The central wholesale markets with occupying areas are shown in Table 17 ‘The present activity is recommended to be relocated fram its present location due ‘to the problems caused to various other functions such as; > Sanctity of Temple Environment > Talc > Packing > Solid Waste Management > Pollution & Health hazards > Housing for EWS > Direct and Indirect Benefit to Traders / Public > Sunetity of Temple Environment ‘The existence of Meenakshi Amman Temple at the centre of the city contribuies ‘mach to the greatness of the city as 9 tourist and pilgrim centre. Location of wholesale ‘tivities in the vicinity of the temple badly affects the sanctity and religious atmosphere of this holy temple, iis surtoundings and 46 other ‘temples within URP Area, The ‘congested conditions make movement of pilurims difficult. tc is important to retain core functjotial character of this town by giving importance to-facilties. and services ‘requirement for pilgrims. Further, the pollution caused by the refuse of man asd material is & matter of great concern, which needs immediate actions The relocation of non= conforming activities from this ares is considered a pre-requisite for retaining the sanctity ‘of the temples and the town as a whole, > Teattic ‘The market at Madurai serves as the wholesale centre forall the southern districts of Tamil Nadu and Kereta. Goods from various parts of India get redistributed to consuming centres fram this market. This market has an average inflow of 1330 trucks and outflow of 1200 trucks handling 12,750 tonnes of goods daily. The wholesale market ‘being located in central part of URP Area, causes congestion on all roads in and around sORP Area owing 10 the movement of trucks and slow moving vehicles attracted by it. The shifting of this activity away from ite present Jocation will not materially affect the Susiness but, will greatly reduce congestion and help improvement of the area surrounding the temple, Congestion near wholesale vegetable market > Parking Concentrated on the north-castern part of URP Area, the wholesale markets are Spread over the area abutting North Chitral street, North Avani Moola street, North Masi sircet, Vakkil New street, North Veli street, East Masi street, East Marret stréet and East Veli street. Parking studies conducted by CTTS on Madurai reveal that the accumulation Of long-term parking oF cars, nwo wheelers ete. are maximum on North Chittiral Street {8.00-10.30 pi, North Masi Street (8 30-10.30 pm), Vakkil New Street (6.00-9.00 pm, East Masi Street (630-10.00 pm), East Veli Street (7.00-1030 pm). These ate petiods ‘when commuters frequent to buy goods from the imirkets. While the parking on North Avani Mocla Street (8.30 am-9,00 pen) and North Veli Street (2.00 am-10.00 pm) are spread over the whole day, parking of'light motor vehicles cangests all roads. Prohibition 9 entry of heavy vehicles in this area by Police Dept. is fram 8.00 am fo 8.00 pm. This does fot prevent parking of goods vehicles that have already entered in the area during on-resiristed periods. These parked vehicles obstruct the fiee low of traffic. This type ofURP Ares owing to the mavement of trucks and slaw moving vehicles attincted by it. The shifting of this activity away from ith present location will not materially affect the Basiness but, will greatly reduce congestion and help improvement of the area ssirroundini the temple at wholesale vegetable market gest > Parking Concentrated on the north-eastern part of URP Area, the wholesale markets are spread over the area abutting North Chittirai street, North Avani Mobi street, North Masi street, Vakkil New street, Nomh Veli street, East Masi siréet, East Marret street and East Veli street. Parking studies conducted by CTTS on Madurai reveal that the accumulation of long-term parking of cars, rwo wheelers etc, are maximum on North Chittirai Street ($.00-10.30 pm), North Masi Street (830-1030 pm), Vakkil New Street (6.00-9,00 pri), East Masi Street (6.30+10.00 pm), East Veli Street (7.00-1030 pm). These are petiods when commuters frequent io buy goods from the markets, While the parking on North Avani Moola Street (8.30 am-9,00 pm) and North Veli Street (9.00 am-10.00 pm) are spread over the whole day, parking of light motor vehicles congests all roads. Prohibition Gi entry of heavy vehicles in this area by Police Dept. is from 8.00 arn to 8.00 pra. This goods Vehicles that have already entered in the area during does fot prevent parking orerestricted periods. These parked vehicles obstruct the free flow of traffic. Thii type ofidle parking during the day is soon predominanily in the wholesale market aren The width of ROW and the portion of road available for traffic are given in Table 18to get a clear understanding of this problem. Table 15 Street widths on important roads with parking j Street ROW (mp Parking | Effective road | Parking Side Wideh(m) | Width (m) [North Chittira: 950 435 495 Right North Aan S00 380 420 Right Moota [North Masi 750 as | 395 | ‘Right Vakkil New 13.00 6:30 6.70 Left North Veli _|- "22:50 110s Tas Left East Masi 1250) 608 645 Right East Veli 17.30 8.30 $70 Left Sonrce: CTS for Mashurai, 1997 The effictive width of roads available for waffic is reduced to almost half the road width available. This width available after parking in miost cases is tess thad 2 lane traffic requirements, which makes it difficult for segregating slow and fast moving vehicles or even overtaking. Shifling of wholesale market ffom the central area will considerably reduce parking demand and traffic management thereafier will be easier with the existing roads Congested traffic and dumped solid waste in wholesale market %Solid Waste Management © Celletion,transpon and disposal of solid waste in any ity are a yrave problem “This is, more-acute in URP Area of Madurai, which ‘can be visualised from the garbage ‘ison on almost all streets. While analysing the contributive factors. it has been noticed at majority of the wastes (both degradable and non- degradable) ix contributed by ‘Wholesale activities in this area (occupying 6.33 ha), which is about 30% of the total 130 Hommes of garkage generated in the URP Area, Heavy vehicles used for cleaning cannot ‘enter these areas easily because of large scale parking during the day and nature of ‘holesale activity, This restricts clearance to be done only at night. High sick rate of ‘ehicles and lack oF adequate staff affct solid waste removal work Tmadequate removal of solid wastes from the area also contributes. to ‘rvironmental degradation and other heath hazards. I is considered thatthe cleiing of ‘the slit! waste will be easier after relocating the wholesale activity and the area will be ‘exvironmentally upgraded > Pollution and Health hazards fovertory study conducted by the Study. ‘Team reveals that pollution is | eonkentrated mare around the wholevale markets because of factors like overcrowding, Tack of basic service facilities, frequent drain blocks ete. The detailed study conducted on fuspended particles in atmosphere in the URP Area is given in Table 19. URP Area serves predominantly a mixed-use character, The standards considered bere are for mixed and indusvil use. can be seen that such high concentration of CO, NOX and their constant exposure necessarily causes health problems. Pollution is caused ‘rostly by tucks, autos ete. which are being attracted due to wholesale activity in the area tnd itis also on the increate because of increasing congestion levels and slow movement snd idling in junction areas, ‘The reduced trafic after shifting of the wholesale market ‘04 other incompatible uses will improve the living condition of the URP Area in neta Table 19 Estimated ground level concentration of suspended particles in URP Area Road in URP Area Ground Level Concentration (mgicub.m) CO NOX ‘SPM. Faiimated | Standard Eee | Sonia ‘Extimated | Standard ‘Tirunelveli osae [sooo Sf 1367" [120 1g 500 Veli St /Ramnad | 8134" | S000 = | 120 14 300. Kartabomman Status {“984*_| 3000] 1309" 120 139 | 300 40687" | S000 | 2078" [Yaa | 258 500, ‘Source: CYTS for Madurai, 1997; Tamu Ned Pollution Conirol Botard Note: * + Exceeds Standards a> Housing for EWS The wholesale activity attracts large number of uaskilled Iabour (loading and unloading) from economically weaker sections of people migrating from rural areas surfounding the city. Provision of housing for these sections of people ix considered as. society's responsibility because of their low affordabitity levels. At present, the wholesale activity in URP Area generates around 21,000 such labour force. Lack of housing for these people results in their becoming pavement dwellers with carnected environmental and health problems. High tand cosis and lack of space in central area have led to development of housing only in fringe areas. Movement of wholesale activity from the cestril area) will not only reduce commuting but also. provide better opportunities for providing housing forthe fubour nearby. > Direct and Indirect Benefit to Traders CTTS Study for Madurai hes made an elaborate description on different benefits: shat accrue out of shifting the wholesale activity from its present location The traders face a foss of Rs’ 300 erores'every yeur in the form of wastes werierated ‘from perishables dite to lack of suitable storage facilities in the present market By providing these storage facilities at new locations this loss is minimised, and it word be beneficial to consumers indirectly in the form of reduction of selling prices of commodities © Proitpt removal of jarbaye from specified rubbish yard ensures good, healthy living environment for triders as well as general public © By setting up two truck terminals there would be benefits to traders in the form of fuel saved from shortened travel distance. The amount arrived at from the road user's cost study by CRRI is Rs. 1.017 crores 0 The current traffic of 1332 trucks in CBD causes a pollution load of 11073 kg/veh kmiday, which requires about Rs, 3500 to nullify, If the trucks are not allowed to enter into CRD, a total amount of Rs 217 crores can be saved by way of eliminating the pollution load caused by them. Shifting the market would reduce the volume of koeal tfaffic and total elimination of truck volume This results in increasing the speed of the traffic along the currespoiding roads. ‘The increase in the speed Would save fuel for all the voticles that ply on these roads and lesien the pollution load caused by the emission of these vehicles ‘The Study Team held detailed discussions with the representatives of wholesale traders. It brings to light that due to restrictions and difficulties in goods vehicle: se“movement in the area, they find it difficult ta book trucks either to of from Madurai In ‘most cases they have to bear additional costs which in turn affects the market value of the ‘commodity and indirectly the consumer. This, shifting of wholesale market to a better location will help not only the ‘traders but also the society at large. ‘$2.15 Relocation of Wholesales Markets. ‘The Project formulation for the new wholesale markets need an intenbive in-depth collection of data, surveys, discussions ard investigations ‘The rich experience in this regard of Chennai ie, shifting of wholesale market at Kothaval chavadi to Koyembedu ‘will be of immense value ‘The various steps to be taken in this regard are listed below: = > Particulars from Trade Associations 2) List of registered associations and their members with authenticated evidences such as Corporation tax. rent receipts 5) Option for built stiops or developed plots =) in case of built shops, the area required for shop, office and gedown to be assessed ) The view of traders whether the built up shops be on rental ot hire-purchase basis ®) Number of skilled / unskilled workers in each category (this information to be tused for assessing the housing needs near the new sites) > Assessment of outsiders demand Advertisements be given calling for interested wholesale traders to register their demand (Rough sizes of shops and cost to he indicated in the Advertisement) > Appointment of Architect / Consultants and responsibilities (Detailed discussion with traders throughout be held) ») Preparation of development plan ( Markets, terminals, allied ‘buildings such as banks, offices, police station, inftasiructure ete) 5) Preparation of detailed design of shops, amenities, buildings, infrastructure ete ©) Preparation of Cost estirmites 4) Phasing of development > Appointment of financial experts and their responsibilities a) Assess source of funding for the project $) Based on demand, work out the Financial Operating Plan (FOP) ~ (Dual pricing »for existing wholesale traders and outsiders be suggested to uct as an incentives forthe existing wholesale traders in URP Area to shift to new site). Appointment of Engincering experts and responsibilities =) Construction of shops, amenity buildings ete as per time frame }) Provision of infrastructure ax per time frame SLLS1 Site Selection and Investigation Having got the consent of the existing wholesale traders in URP Area for shifting, the overall requirements of land for markets, Parking areas, amenity buildings, terminals, Girculation, infrastructure needs ete be made. The criteria for selection of site is given in Section 52.1.4 Investigations off ground water potential and soil analysis have to be done Detailed Topographical survey should be done to assess the filling or cutting required within the site $21.52 Project Formulation Project formulation if done on an intensive scale as detailed in the previous para will enable to assess the exact requirements of the whole sale market, cast and recovery Madurai Corporation through a separate ceil within the Corporation can be made responsible for the project Formulation However in this chapter, efforts have-beem made to recommierd! the location and extent of new sites. An accurate assessment of land requirement, the cost of the project recovery ete requires an intensive projeet formulation |i order to solve the various problems created by wholesale activities in the URP Area and derive various benefits enumerated, it is recommended that the wholesale ‘markets listed in Table 17 may be shifted out side the URP Ares While selecting suitable site for relocation of these activities the following criteria _are to be considered 3) Availability of Land (including provision for future expansion) b) Land ownership (Preferably Government/QuasisGovernment lands) s) Land cost (Low-lying areas 10 be avoided) 4) Proximity ta road corridor ©) Proximity to ral corridor Proximity to other communication system 8) Soil conditiond » m) 2) ® « i) ) ‘Topography Free from HT lines passing through On site infrastructure Off-site infrastructure Nearness to developed areas Corridors of movement of commodity (both supply and distribution) Availability of land nearby fordevelopment of housing colony of trailers, EWS and for future growth, ‘Considering the above factors in general, the following sites were identified ‘The Corporation unused compost yard on Melur Road (Mattuthavani) Part of the sewage disposed area in Avaniapuram along Aruppukottai Road. Part of villages Vilangudi, Silaneri and Melakkaram yillages near the new ‘Koodal Nagar Goods Railway Yard. At Thituparankundram along Tirunelveli Roi. $21.53 Selection of Best Feasible Site a) »b) A detailed study on the corridors of arrival of wholesale commodity to Madurai leads to the following conclusion: i) Vegetable, Paddy, ete to the Madurai market arrives fom all directions but mujority of these commodities comes (via), Melur road. ii) Similarly, Guits, plantains and betel leaf come ffom the NH7 Dindigul road 4) Other food grains trom qitferent pans of the countyy arrive by railway and then transported from geods yard to market by local transport vehicles, ‘The Comprehensive Traffic and Transportation study conducted for Madurai shows that the volume of trucks entering and Ieaving URP Area on each road (vide Table 20) ‘The above table shows that maximum number of trucks to the URP Ares is from, Dindugal road 27.55% , Tirunelveli road 213S% and Melur road 18.20%. It also shows that sbout 80% of the tuck movement in the URP Area can be tliminated by judiciously selecting the alternate sites far the wholesale markets.Table 20 Volume of track traffic in URP Area TSNo. ‘Name of Road Tn Bound | Out Bound | Total ato Total 1 __| Dindigul Road 347 328 S| 27.55 (27 [Palamedy Road 10 26 36 148 3_| Natham Road _ 30 15 65 265 4 [Alagarkoil Road 9 3 12 0.49 S| Melur Road 281 6s 46 18.20 | Sivaganga Road 74 36 10 449 7__|Ramnad Road Ta 74 248 10,12 S| Arupukottai Road 67 8 136 555 S| Tininelveli Road 232, 291 sa] 2135 10 | Theni Road 38 Ti 199 S12 [ Total 1332 Ts 230] _ 100.00. Source: CTS for Meatural, 177 A detailed analysis and study of the altemative sites is shown in Table 21 Finally, two sites listed in Table 22 are recommended for relocating the wholesale markets ftom the TURP Area“eay dH aS ‘wows wonquanp 1 poe) poo sngeutunyy onnquasip 405 wan 80 9p) “yavowun wonoasxsip Pe Peas pnpucy ‘cewny 43 pood “peas spon da md (ory) ies TeMOHEN wuowey | 0 fevroyecdury | so | waw amar | zo | pues piu on ssausnont ase podojasp yew luen tepooy) 24 oh peupia: congue sigeana ny UNL SPO Od ‘agua wig on you oun (wn sou sa) ep |e | goxomany son | ot IEMA Smrmasoord | 94 | wpiuns cones mnssuiton | ¢ oSoGS aE ‘wimp ey) Hf asoqar som etme Jem paw yd pun ery an % sR Paoy pu omy toy oye 9) sump aon Sure poos 20 ied oF coueissp sso} ‘ayqeanoy (uty) Jo) __syvemover | oe sommto | vor | q pastor | ze Awami | 06 [raw ann wey soon | Pu soa eneapaa 2x85 800 esunuaron, Suxdoyasop we "ey un ~ Souou puss pwet weroudy | oszt ‘win | ooog for wou Sea! ose [iow pon | agen (obs ro veo pur | mmygead [Spun apa 39 01 80 Cd ec Auurnboe uuise Pron _wersntoy | cred [or swe nt] vo [yo mmmoiton| rq | ye maou on | aioe dpsouno port | = pornlr ag > spa FeORIPPY on Ave mies sy “peg ym. says 2p0u pu your suey nN Ou toy peor sq swabopy | evor |e aunbopv | ers ssscems | ots __| 40 oumimpy | o6et_| narse put jo Ameeaimay | 7 WEEN wespane ae ene WN sweeney | yepooy | swam | ead | ammo | -dewery | ousamoy | -ameny warned s Hary4eu onsra}0q% Jo worHEoo}a4 40) say apeMAD},E Jo ApmAs pue sISSpeUE payeIaG 1Z IGE. [ee anitPadojaop | opomyree ues an augeneay | Senne omer] won | sites sow | rae poop | stacveay | resomnpe jo _amorneay sionposd Poot ope pempoude voi} ren | pm omsitay | prs upeunaos sigeaent | cen | 40) ameaieig | ommddroy | 29) oigeistd | smerny | yo widuranow yo mopisiog | ct aT age poawaay out soit ayn Fisioe oun sens | wwssay [pes os | assy | uno 2 | mosaua smounveyur neg | at sie [HORT Vat poe yep wary an jee oi ai | wera [or sou Sea | moo | ot et | aoa ammonmeye ano | 1 ages ‘sop | yssue somepany | sm “imo sas enn suox | ips vy | scones fee cat se Soees| ot aa 39) 109. saad doop qu | umm | popsou day (popoou Siang voromn agnt| sumo | vem ex] uma | wpm oN | wma Augeiiodo. da} cpa | dona wojasten pony oq 0a psene| “Sipamyy fae) poo | Spies | say goon | dpues wari 9S ca wom a ee vee dns popuane raps out tas wonesrurao3 sun argny | ope Loa ox] on fw sramnesy | on [yo easTable 22 Recommended sites to relocate wholesale markets s Description of Site | Recommended ‘Aven ‘Survey No. No. Trade (ba) 1] A™ site ear the Roodal | Other toodgrains| S31] Near Koodalnagar Nagar railway goods yards | und Fruits: Railway station (pars of along Alanganaltur Road. Vilangudi, —_Sitaneri, Melakaranai vitlages) 13:37 [2736 T40/ipt, 1402, N43, 142 Mattuthavani along Melur Vegetable, Paddy, Plantain & Betel ‘ads and the ring road (vide Map 10) ‘The proposal to interconnect all the existing ‘asia roads in Madurai ty circular road is nthe advatce stage. Once these cecular oad ‘are formed, both the sites will be getting direct access from these roads also, Thereafter, Se trucks need not enter the URP Area /the city 1 reach the wholesale market and hence the anticipated reduction of ruck traffic in the URP Area. ‘The toal and area required fr the various traders inchiding services und facilites ‘is shown in Table 23. ‘Table 25 Area required for different wholesale trades SNe. Wholesale “Trade | Area of Land Required (hay Vegetable and Plantain 23s Paddy 1025 Bevel Leak 043 Other Food. grains: 10.83 Fruits 204 Total 45.89 ‘Source: STEM Survey, 1998 a $2.2. Shifting Government Ottices ‘The following are some ofthe Government offices located righ inthe heart of the URP Ares adjacent tothe famous Meenakshi Amman Tempe in the exiting buildings of Rast Mangammal Palice The area of operation ofthese offices being the whole district or the whole city, they attract large volume Of traffic to this already congested URP Area Considering the functional character of these depariments, it can be seen that they need ‘not nesessaily Beat ths part of the city. They can as well function well ffom any other partof the city outside URP Arca. The officials ofthe departments cited concurred with 6wert awe ee a re veo Tao @ trassnunuivw @) “IVENGWW NI GYOH ONTH NV 13xY¥W S1¥SATOHM NOs ALIS GASOdOYd oemthese views unofficially. Hence, it is recommended that the offices fisted in Table 24 may. be shifted from the present location in URP Area considering the benefit of the public, officials and functional character of the URP Area, ‘Table 24 Government offices to be shifted and the proposed re-use of the area. 3 | Description of the Govt. Office | Area Oce- Proposed Reuse No. pied (hn) 1 [PWD Water Resources Office Can be annexed to the Corporation ‘on Notth Chittrai Street. 1:75 | School preserving the monumental structure, 2 [voit Director of Agriculture This building being an old Office on North Chitral structure, may be demolisked and Street 0.17 |udded to the reuse of vegetable wholesale market. 3,_| Commissioner of Police office This building being « monumental ‘on South Chittrai Street. 06s |structure, may be preserved and used for tourism-related activities like Exhibition half, Museum and Parkins Regarding, the proposed alternative location of the shifting of offices, the following recommendations may be considered:~ 1) The PWD. Water Resources Office: It may be located along with PWD offices in Tallekulam PWD complex, by constructing additional buildings necessary 30 that it will be convenient to the rural people visiting this office. ii) Joint Director of Agriculture Office, Agriculture department 1s constructing its ‘own office complex to relocate this office and it is expected to be shifted shortly, Hence, it is recommended that this building once vacated may be taken up by the Corporation and redeveloped as @ part of the redevelopment of the wholesale market comprehensive project. iii) Commissioner of Police Office; This being a city level office attracting large volume of vehicular traffie, may be relocated near a major transportation route (Arterial road of sub-arterial road), There is a proposal to reconstruct the police ‘quarters on south Veli street and TP.K Road. A new building to locate the Police Commissioner's Office may be constructed there. As it is nearer to the Periyar Bus stand, it may be easily accessible to the citizens and to other people visiting: this central office. $2.3. Shifting of Lorry Booking offices and Automobile Workshops “The lorry booking offices and the suromobite workshops existing in the URP Area oare generating traffic problems by attracting trucks and other vehicles and by causing jong duration parking on the roads in URP Area. Hence, it is recommended that these activities may be shifted outside URP Atea Once the wholesale activities are shifted outside URP Area, the lorry booking also will be getting shitted automatically as their business within URP Area will be very much reduced. However, considering the overall evelopment of the infrastructural facilities to improve transportation system in Madurai City, i is recommended that there is need to develop @ truck tertvinal with modern facilities and sefvices required for truck operators. ‘The ‘comprehensive traffic and iransportation study has identified that majority of ‘the tick traffic to the city is wlong the NH 7 (Kashmir~ Kanyakumari roxd), Hence it will be advantageous to locate the track terminal near about this-road. Further the location of railway goods yard, industrial and wholesale activities and other stake holders to be taken into consideration with respect to truck terminal together with the needs of the truck operators. Considering all these aspects it is recommended that a truck terminal may be constructed near the Koodal Nagar Railway goods yard being developed with access from NH. It muy also be to the advantage of the wholesale markets (other food grains and fruits) proposed to he Seveloped here: The existing lorry booking offices and the Automobile workshops may be shifted to this truck terminal area with mutual advaniages 5.3 Improvements to Traffic and Transportation S31 Traffic Problems ‘The unplanned and uncontrolted growth of the URP Area has resulted in proliferation of activities of non-conforming and incompatible land uses, increasing traffic problems like congestion, delays, accidents and general deterioration of the environmental qualities, ‘The URP Area should be freed from extraneous traffic and the traffic cirevlation reorganized to obsain smcath flaw of traffic, by segregating the ‘opposing streams of traffic flow and. allocating separate lanes for fast and slow traffic as well as for pedestrians, The indiseriminate use of heavy commercial vehicles on all roads and at all times of the day has to be controlled and regulated. Medians for septegating the opposing stteams are provided only at a few places.. This has to. be extended to places, where width of the road is sulficient for providing dual carriageway. Although footways are available in many ronds, they are not properly maintained and hence remain mostly uniused. They need to be improved and maintained in good condition. New fodtways have to be constructed at appropriate places. It is 6desirable to provide pedesirian guard rails, with openings at pedestrian erossinys. The tendency of pedestrians to cross the roads at all places can be controlled by providing median bartiers Pedestrian ‘crossings sould be marked clearly and provided with Pedestrian refiiges in the centre of the mad to help pedestrians cross the roads safely, Separate cyele tracks may be provided in case of roads having heavy cycle traffic, The full width of the roads should be made available for free flow of traffic by removing all obstructions like unauthorised parking of vehicles from the roads. Bus stops should be provided with bus bays recessed. from the main carriageway. The footways and syele tracks should be tuken behind the bus bays for the safety of pedestrians and eyelists. The locations where there is need for parking of ears and motorcycles should be lentified, and provision should be made for the parking of the vehicles: on: strecis wherever possible, or off-street if necessary. Similarly, the locations where there is need for parking of taxis and auto rickshaws’should be identified and arrangements should be made for taxi and auto’ stands at convenient locations Where the width of roads ix not sufficient for allowing dual carriageway, the road can be used as two-way with lane ‘marking to demarcate the lanes for traffic Now in each direction. Such roads can also be converted into one way streets so that the traffic can flow easily and smoothly. One Way operation may increase the travel distances, but movements are made-smooth and safe. The URP Area already bas one way’ system in some of the roads. The game can be extended to more roads for better circulation. The existing traffic regulations like one way streets, parking locations and bus routes are shown in Maps JOA, 11 and 12 respectively. » Roads and trattic ‘The traffic, both internal and external within the URP Area, is somewhat chaotic. This 4s because of the location of wholesale andl retail markets, shopping centres, the failway junction, the central bus terminal, numerous boarding and lodging houses and tesidential developments, besides the famous Meenakshi Amman Temple. The total ‘volume of traffic entering and feaving the URP Arca during 16 hours between 6 AM and 10.PM is: 1,77,351 vehicles and 1,62.058 vehicles respectively, the details of which are indicated in Table 28PesiGaS AYA ako OMSK AWHYHDONd TWASNIY NveuN ivanavan+ -saupou sna amuses SWWvHSONd TWMINIY N¥BYN Ivunavn‘Table 25 Traffic volumes at CBD Cordon ‘SNo. ‘From Road ‘Traffic Volume (16 Hours) = Entering Leaving 1 [AV Bridge 7214 13310 2 [Kalpalam 33200 3 | Workstiop Road T0193 4 [Tamil Sangam Rood Tots [7B Road 18017 6 | Tirunelveli Road 12671 7__| Anuppukowai Road 13097 $_| Kuyavarpalayam Road 18017 9 | Kamarajar Road 17145 10, | Munichalsi Rowd 16535 Total 163038 Source = CTTS for Madurai, 1997. ‘Out of 1,77,531 vehicles entering the URP Area, nearly two-thirds are cycles and two wheelers (vide Table 26), ‘Table 26 Volume of cycle and two wheeler traffic in CBD Cordon 5 No, Name of the Road No, of Vehicles entering CBD (16 hours) Cycles [ Two Wheelers i AV. Bridge — as 2. Kalpalam 15560 3135 b Workshop Road SSH 435 a Tamil Sangam Road ‘GA 3797 5 TB Road 12084 218 6 | Tirunelveli Road 3980 sais 7 ‘Aruppukotiai Road 5015 4760 a Kuyavatpalayam Road = = 9 Kamarajar Road 12782 7128 10, | Munichalai Road 12199) 3581 Total 71602 | __ 48287 Source = CTTS for Madurai, 1997. ‘The total number of fast-moving vehicles entering URP Area during 16 hours is about 19,000 (8477 cars, 4591 trucks and 6074 buses) $3.2 Bypassable Traffic The Origin nd Destination (O&D) survey conducted at the outer cordon stations for assessing the bypassable traffic indicated that the total number of fast- ‘moving vehicles (excluding Two -Wheelers) entering the outer cordon and destined to the URP Area daily is around 4200 (1390 cars, 1378 trucks and 1472 buses). While the number of vehicles destined to the URP Area is about 4200 in a day, comparatively BJerse pumber of vehicles (19000) enter the URP Area within 16 hes which include __ Ssteenal trips passing through URP Area as well as internal teips ofiginating within the ‘eity area (destined and through traffic) entering the URP Area The difference between the vehicles entering the URP Area and those with URP Area as destination is about 15000 (19000 - 4200) (7087 cars, 3213 tnicks, and 4062 buses) In the absence of any ‘specific data , itis assumed that half of the vehicles have ‘destination’ to the URP Area cand the remaining halfis by passable traffic. $3.3 Commercial Vehicles Presence of wholesale markets in many strests of the URP Area agaravates the traffic problems. There are about 3000 wholesale dealers in the URP Ares using about 7.0 ha of land for wholesale markets. The daily movement of trucks is around 1300 carrying 13000 tons of goods. This accounts for about 37% of total truck movement inside the URP Area, Although entry of trucks into the URP Area is prohibited from 8 AM to 11 AM and from SPM to & PM, there is no ban as such for parking of sucks inside the URP Area, with the result that most of the roads have trucks parked haphazardly affecting the free flow of other traffic. In_uddition to the trucks, there are a Jarge number of light commercial vehicles used by the wholesale markets for distribution of goods to different retail markets both within and outside the URP Area. These are also used for transport of other materials like manufactured goods, building materials, iron and steel etc. There are about 1200 light commercial vehicles in the city used for transporting the wholesale goods and other materials within the city Details are given in Table 27, ‘Table 27 Use of LCVs (Commodity wise) S.No. ‘Commodity % of LCV's 1. | Fruligand Flowers 1s Z| Tron and Steet 3 3, _| Building Materials 12 4 | Manufactured goods 10 5. | Food grains 18 ‘Source » CTT for Madura, 1997 The light commercial vehicles are generally parked in off-street locations. when hot in use (63%) and also. on the streets (37%) causing obstruction to other traffic on the roads In addition to the trucks and light commercial vehicles used for transport of ”4s targe ruumber of slow:moving vehicles such as bullock earts, hand carts, fish “carts, cycle rickshaws are also used for distribution of the wholesale market products to ‘the vetnilers and various destinations in the city, Use of both fast and slow moving “vehicles and the haphazard and. indiscriminate parking of vehicles blocking the traffic flow have created traffic congestion, delays, accidents, noise, pollution and ‘deterioration af the environmental quality of the URP Area. S34 Public Transport ‘The total number of buses entering the URP Area during 16 hours from 6 AM to 10 PM is more than 6000. The inflow of buses from various roads is as given in Table 25 Table 28 Buses entering URP Area [Sn0. Road Number of buses [0 AW: Bridge Road 2916 [ 2 | Tinnalveli Road 78 [3 _[Anuppakorai Road 700 @_| Ramarajar Road 375 S| Munichatat Road 400 Source= CTTS for Macharar, 1997 ‘The buses-entering the URP Area include the long distance express buses, inter city mofussil and town buses, as well as omni, and other private buses. Most of these buses run on the four Veli Streets, while a few buses also run through the central area ‘alone South Masi Street: Movement of buses is maximum slong West Veli Street and on T.P.K Road due to the focation of the central bus stand on West Veli Street. To facilitate free and easy flow, traffic is made one way in West Veli Street and T-P.K Road (from TB. Road junction upto South Veli Street), The express bus terminal and town bus terminal are located adjacett to each other The entrance and exit of the express bus, stand and the entrance to the town bus terminal are situated very near to each other with the result that there is little space for maneuverability for buses entering and leaving. these bus terminals, As Express bus terminal is cramped, buses are forced to wait on the ‘main road for long periods, causing obstruction to traffic on the main road. During the ‘evening peak period, around 200 buses from Tinunelveli Road and from South Masi Street enter West Veli Street. Out of the total 270 buses, about 30 buses enter the ‘express. bus terminal and about $0 buses enter the town bus terminal About 30 buses %eave the express bus terminal during this period, Inadequate weaving length of the path for the buses from South Masi Street entering the town bus terminal forces these vehicles Sto cross the path of the main traffic flow at right angles. resulting in delays end ‘accidents, A schematic juxtaposition in front of the Express Bus siand is shown in Map 13 The problems faced by the buses and other vehicles at this location include: a Delay to buses entering the express bus terminal because ‘of cramped conditions inside. b _ Blocking of main road traffic by buses waiting to enter the express bus terminal, Delay to the buses trying to enter West Veli Street from South Masi Street due to heavy traffic. a Buses entering West Veli Street from South Masi Street and trying to cross the main traffic flow for entering the town bus terminal confront problems of traffic congestion Blocking of main road traffic by buses crossing West Veli Street to enter town bus terminal results in inordinate delays. £ Delay to buses trying to exit from express bus terminal due to blocking of traffic flow by buses crossing West Veli Stréet to enter town bus terminal Delay and danger to pedestrians crossing West Veli Street to reach bus terminals. h, Frustration and ftayed tempers of drivers of buses and other vehicles also worsens the prevalent bad conditions i Increased noise due to unnecessary use of hors, increased atmospheric pollution de to idling and raising of engines: Movement delays not only increase fuel ‘consumption, but also accidents, The central bus terminal needs immediate improvements by redesigning all the three bus stands (Express bus stand and two ‘Town bus stands) into an integrated Bus tenninal comples Ib is.also proposed to provide recessed bus bays for all the existing bus stop on the Veli street, TPK Road, and Workshop road, At these points, the buses: at the bus stops may take the cycle tracks behind the bus bays so those cyclists have a free flow without obstruction. “There are at present about 20 bus stops in URP Area. If the present width at the bus stops does not have adequate ROW to provide for the bus bays, bus stops may be moved to suitable location so that bays can be provided at least by acquiring additional road width List of bus stops, where bus bays ate to be provided both ways, %1. Railway station (West Veli Street) 2 GPO (North Veli Street) 3. Simmakkal (North Veli Street) 4. Nelmandi (East Veli Street) $- Villakku thoon (East Veli Street) 6 South Gate (South Veli Street) 71S (South Veli Street) 8 Police Quarters (South Veli Street) 9. TPK Road (Central Bus Stand) 10. Work Shop Rowd $3.5 Bicycle Tralfic Madurai is-a city of bicycles, estimated at about 93000. The cycle is the second « ‘most preferred mode of travel, (next only to walking) 50 percent of the cycle trips are made for work purpose. Out of total 1,77,S51 vehicles entering the URP Area from 6 ‘AM to 10 PM, cycles account for more than 40 percent. Roads with predominant cycle traffic are: i) Munichalai road (near Nelpettai) (65%) ii) Kuyavarpatayam (near St. Mary's church) (61%) iif) Kalpalam (near Yansikeal) (57%) iv) Kamarajar Road (Near East Gate) (52%) ¥) Tamil Sangam Road (Simmakkal) (459%) vi) Workshop Road (43%) Mii) Aruppukottai Road (43%), Bicycle transportation is energy saving and environment friendly. Since ‘eyclists are accident prone, special steps need to be taken for their safety. Considering the safety of the cyclists and the need of providing free flow for them, it is ‘proposed to identify some of the streets within URP Area exclusively for eycle traffic and pedestrian movement. Asa first phase, the following streets in URP Area are recommended 10 be declared as exclusively cycle / pedestrian streets, The streets may be paved with granite stones, interlocked cement concrete blocks oF brick pavement of distinguishable colour slabs to differentiate them from the other streets At the crossing of other vehicular roads, visible identification marks with raised pavement in continuation of the eyele track 7%say be provided with suitable warning / mandatory sign boards to caution the vehicle ‘Giivers: List of streets identified for exclusively pedestrian / cycle streets is detailed “below, West > West Tower Road (Merkku Gopura Veedi) between W.Chithirai - W.Avani Moola Street > Noth Tower Road between N.Chithiral -N.Avani Moola Street South * Chokkappanaicken Street between S.Chithitai -S.Avani Moola Street > ‘Thottiyankinattu Street between S Avani Moolai - §.Masi Street * Chinnakadai Street between S Masi = 8 Veli Street Fast ® Palace Road between E Veli (Panthadi Street) and Kamarajar Streets > Chithiraikara Street between Kamarajar Street - Sannathy Street > Old Vettiluikara Street North of Swamy Sannathy Street East (East West) > Eazhu Kadal Street between Chittirai and Masi Street > ‘Swami Sannathi Street between Masi and Veli Street North > Old Chokkanathar Street between North Marat (Vakil New Street) Masi Street > Dalavai Street between N.Masi - N.AvaniMoolai streets $3.6 ‘Traffic Planning Criteria A thoughtful and balanced approach towards urban transportation planning and ‘design can make vast improvements to safety and amenity, while contributing to effective passage of people and their goods A combination of Traific management techniques and ‘new urban roads (wherever they are appropriate ) can, when designed to proper standards and provisions, reduce the effect of pollution and visual intrusion on the areas through ‘which they pass. These different objectives need to be carefully considered, to achieve the desired balance and must take into account the level of resources available to achieve them. The criteria for transportation planning for Madurai URP Area has to deal with the following critical areas + Diversion of bypassable traffic fiom the URP Area > Traific generated and attracted 10 non-conforming. and incompatible uses ”i > Hierarchical Road system > Accessibility and safety } Cyclists and pedestrians } Public transport vehicles: > Parking > Environmental balance ofheritage area. $.3.6.1 Diversion of Bypassable Traffic from URP Area The city’s transportation problems are aygravated due to extraneous traffic passing through the URP Area, This needs to be diverted outside the URP Ares by constriction of bypasses, ring roads, and relief roads around the LRP Area. The existing bypass for NH7 (West of Madurai), helps to divert the through traffic between Dindiga} and Tirunelveli There is @ proposal fo constnuet'a ring road east of the city, connecting, Melur Road, Sivaganga Road, Ramanathapuram Road, Aruppukottai Road and Tinnelveli Road. As and when this ring road is constricted, it will divert the through traffic between these major toads and relieve the URP Area to a considerable extent. “The existing NH 7 Bypass and the proposed ring road are passing neir the finge of the city and hence useful for ‘diverting the through traffic from the regional highways. However, these may mot be useful for diverting the traffic generated by the developments within the sity along the radial corridors, Map) 14 shows the bypasses, ring roads, bridges, causeways, etc, already cleared and presently vrider execution, Due to the ‘absence of an inner ring toad around the city centre, all the traffic generated along the radial cartidors on both sides of the river has to use the old, A.V. Bridge for travel between the radial corridors Most of this bypassable traffic has to be diverted to relieve the congestion. A few bridges have béen constricted across Vaigai at Tatancri, Kuruvikkaran Salai and Teppakulam for interconnecting the areas on bath sides of the river, The bridge at Thataneri has heen constructed as a high level bridge for 70 R Jonding and it can take heavy truck traffic. There are quite a few bed level causeways ‘near Arepalayam, Yanaikal and Oplapadithurai, However, these are not sultable for heavy vehicular trafic. These bridges and causeways'are not fully made use of because of poor accessibility from both sides of the river, Its essential that the through traffic: now using A.V. Bridge is diverted to these bridges and causeways from both sides. of ver by constructing arterial highwayson both banks ofthe river: Good approach roads to the bridges from the anerial highway also have to be formed, A former Chie Engineeri © 78D 009 = WHNSHD ANGMSOYNYE 3 LNBRMOWANS AOOWHISL 40 SiSoMaMUS HOS 3euNII ounasea won s122r0e OOO “AWAVYSONd IWM3N3Y NYEUN ‘ IvVunavN(FIWD) his stndied the feasibility af forming roads on North and South baaks of river Vaigai with the help of some basic data It is observed that Veigai River requires only about 250m width of waterway to discharge floodwater Details are given below: ) Linear water way: (LWW) available in Kamaraj bridge in Bye pass road + 20m (2) LWW. in Railway Bridge 235 m (3) LWW: in Raja Mill road bridge 5 210m LWW: in Albert Victor bridge 215m (5) LWW. in Kurivikkaran Salai bridge 207m (6) LWW. in Annanagar bridge 285 m Im AV. Bridge, one end span is used for slow-moving vehicles In Annanager Bridge. there are two land spans. Thus, the effective waterway in AV. Bridge and is less than Annanagar Bridge The effective width required for Vaigai river ean bi limited to about 250m and the balance land available as river poromboke can be utilized for forming arterial roads. The land width ‘now available in river Vaigai is more than 300 m-Hence formation of road on north and south bank of river is feasible for diverting. the traffic away from URP Area. Further, formation of these roads can improve the landscape and waterway activities. However, this proposal isto be studied in detail for its feasibility ia consultation with PWD authorities: The bed level causeways could be strengthened for carrying diverted heavy vehicular traffic. The existing road on the northern bank of river Vaigai from Tataneti Bridge tipto AV. Bridge is wide and an be developed into major arterial highway with dual carriageway, wide median, exclusive cycle tracks, foot piths, ete, for use by through traffic diverted fiom A.V. Bridge. A new arterial highway as an extension has to be constructed on the north bank of river Vaigai, from A\V. Bridge upto Kunsvikkatran Salai bridge as part of the orth bank rond so that this ean used by the through traffic diverted from AV. Bridge ‘The through waffic divened from A.V. Bridge can travel either way along the arterial ‘and cross the river either at Tataneri or at Kuruvikkaran Salaii The approaches to ‘Tataneri Bridge and Kuruvikkaran Salai bridges on both sides of the river should also be improved as arterial highways (0 attract the through traffic to use these bridges ‘The arterial highway may be extended further to the west to link it with NHI 7 and also further to the east to link it with new bridge constructed near Theppakulam (Annanagar Bridge). The South bank of river can be developed into a sub-arterial road to connect ‘Tataneri Bridge with the Annanagar Bridge near Teppakulam with provision to 2develop a garden on the river side and to develop water based activities by deepening the iver bed Map 15 shows the proposedé North River Bank and South River Bank arterial and sub-arterial streets. Further, during forming the North and South bank roads. ‘sateh drains on the built-up side of the road can be constructed to ‘collect sullage water and for diverting it away from the river. Maps 16, 16A snd 16B respectively show the Froposed cross-sections for the arterial and sub-arterial streets ‘This will incidentally ‘prevent pollution of the river by sullage water The anticipated main benefits of the above said riverbank projects are: % Relieving the traffic congestion in East Veli, Noth Veli and other roads of the URP Area. > The trips towards Rameswaram from NH 7 and NH 49 A can be diverted away {rom the URP Area totally through the proposed roads > This project will help prevent the flow of sullage water inio the river at different points from developed area and reduce the pollution of river Vaigai Deepening of river bed will help to retain water always in the river which is required for religious purposes as well as providing water front recreational activities ‘Viraganur Dam on the down stream side also would help retention of water inv the river or otherwise deepening may help to increase the water spread area and the storage of the dam Provision of landscaping by way of recreation parks ete. along these roads will greatly help improving environmental upgradation and ecological balance of the city as a whole ¥ e 5.3.6.2 Reduction of Traffic Relating To Non-conforming and In-compatible uses Business transactions being carried out by different wholesale markets located ‘within, the central area, vegetable market in North Chittimi & North Avani Moola streets, banana market in East Veli Street, Kalpalam ete., paddy market in East’ Veli Street, wholesale grains, pulses and cil market in East Masi Street, East Marte stréet etc necessarily lead to traffic problems. A large number of vehicles, like heavy trucks light cominercial vehicles, bullock carts, hand carts, cyele rickshaws ete. are used for Mapt’S ‘sonveyance of goods to and from the wholesale markets. Haphazard parking of vehicles results in traffic congestion, delays, accidents, noise and pollution. Wholesale markets should be shifted expeditiously to reduce traffic: problems and improve environment Non-conforming usage units like Government offices located in the Chitiral sieets also co‘7E0 008 = yntiaH ANQW39YNY @_LNaMNOWANS: ASOWNHDIL 40 SISOHBMAS WOs 3HIN39 ANWVUOONd TYM3NaY NVEuN IVunavn eae760 009 - HN 3H) ANBNBOWNR 9 LNaANOMINS AOOTONNDTL 40 SisclEnAS Uos Bus HID jay a 295 Haan ao TW on rv vie ‘oun 2 < é Siosivelees senses agin yn seen tive sons neinweds= Ch cyorshenMARunY, POS ONY AWAVEHMMNIANERY, Or 200 AY mows NOLES Q¥Ou Wes wiWon Taseis iwiesley sve nme / Snore = 7 pT 7 2 Sarr part — ony Et ag e+ eM ey hw toed) Sean AYH WO mae‘NOs Gaidady aa as) woudas anys EW JAINA Av OL 231430 2'ry PKWY NOUDIS = 433015 Wieslav roves 31349 7 %, . RENTS teaeaieell 2 was ‘STS3HIS Ol SINSWSAGNANT GSONSWNOSSS. ‘AOOVONNDIL 40 SISOIOMAS Os 2uaW3> 3 Zz | Sona GvOs SS ¥d BAB LHMO! 290He HONWHLWIL WOed HOD 3S | we a aw act aye 30M wbi03n wwe avian ae nem AVG 39006 mONNMLMC ROHL Ode aveHA¥ON 1338S Wisai syYEO 009 - rwwNaMa ANSNBOVNYH TL NaMQUiANS ASOVOWHDAL 40 SIBOIBMS wos 3H1N35 i 2 owsis ‘STSSGIS Gl SINSHSAOUGMT USONSRROSSE Nima” AY 3N0 4338:5 1134 waeon 41334iS WWisaslay ans ea 01'S 3sne"¥v9 Dou MIM eryN wos KOlLZ3> Ssau3 79) -dvu_-Mitract a large volume of traffic These offices which could finction elsewhere should be ‘shifted from the URP Area $3.63 Planning for a Hierarchical Road System in order to improve the traffic flow and safety, it is nedessary to create a ‘icrarchical system of roads in the URP Area The hietarchical system consists off sterile, sub-terials, collector roads (two-way), collector roads (one way) ete. with distinct functional hierarchy a3 follows: Classification Function a) Ancerials: Purely movement of all vehicles b) Sub-Arterials Predominanily movement of all vehicles and some A8ee85 10. preinises 9) Collector Roads (two way) Prédominanily access to premises and some ‘movement functions. 4) Collector Roads (one way) Purely access functions, ©) Shared Carriage Way For mixed traffic, parking anid decess functions 1) Cycle-cum-Pedesirian Street Purely for Pedestrians and cycles, All streets in the URP Area have been classified inta one of the six levels of the functional rond network, The ideal cross-sections of the formation (auch as right-of ‘way(ROW), carriageway. medians, shoulders, cycle track, walkways etc) for arterial, ‘Subsarterial, collector strets are given in the report. A detailed study on the availability of ROW, landuse and siructural condition of buildings abutting these roads, is to be made before implementing the above project, to identity the lands required for land acquisition Wig recommended that + separate detsled study may be taken up before preparing the detailed estimates for improvement projects Map 17 shows the proposed hierarchical road network for the URP Area. All the existing streets in the ucban renewal area will be classified and itiproved to perform ‘Specific functions Arterial Street on North bank: will have dual carriageway with 2 lanes Jn each direction with wide median, separate cycle tracks and walkways: The East, Sout and West Veli Streets will be developed ito sub-arterial roads with dual carriage ways with two lanes in each direction with median, separate cycle tracks, foolways, recessed bus bays ete. while the North Veli street and Vakkil New street and Tamil 4SQVO¥ 40 AHONVYSIH AWWY89OUd TWASN3Y N¥BUN Tvanav“Sagan road vi be ‘developed into one way pair sub-artevial ‘The Nethaji Rond, Work ‘hep roxd and a part of South Masi street will be developed as two way collector roade ‘hile other rosds with less right of way like North, Eas, South and West: Avani Moola Steel, Masi Steet, Maret street and intercomestng roads willbe developed as one way sollector streets with provision for separate cycle tracks and foot paths. Organizmion of ‘one way system will take into account the one way system already existing on some of the roads. The main objective ofthe one-way routing is to discourage the use of the URP Ares by through traffic, Provision will be made for parking of vehicles on the streets Sepending upon the stable width of the roads. The imersections will be so designed as {0 provide sufe and smaoth flow of traffic, Map 18 shows the improvements to major ‘nersections. The four Chittai streets and parts of Town Hall road (west tower ‘Sset) and Mecnakshi Keil streets are proposed to be developed as ‘shared earinge way" ‘ith end to end concrete or stone block surfacing to permit only local trips, parking, Sxsles and pedestrians, Through vehicles should not be permitted to pass through these streets All streets in the URP Area have been élnisfied into one of the six levels of the ctional road network, The ideal cross-sections of the formation (such as'ighto- way (ROW), carriageway, medians, shoulders, cycle track, walkways ete) for arterial, ‘ularteril collector streets ace given in the report. detuied study on the avaiabiiy of ROW, landuse and structural condition of buildings abutting these roads, is to be made Pefore implementing the above projects, to identify the lands required for land Ssduisition, tis recommended that a separate detailed study may be taken up before Preparing the estimates for improvement projects: 53.6.4 Accessibility and Safety All other streets and lanes in the URP Area will be nccess strvets. The access sircets ‘He minor streets meant purely for access to premises. These streets are not meant for traffic movement. The access streets will be converted into ‘culde-sac’ wherever Powsible: In other streets, the through mavement has to be blocked by bollards preferably at the middle of the length of the street allowing entry and exit at the ends of the street. This arrangement ensures both accessibility and safety. 53.6.5 Cyclists aud Pedestrians {In addition to provision of separate cycle tracks and footways within the right of %paris MADURAI URBAN RENEWAL PROGRAMME WCTERSECTION PROVEMENT iF ens hi ng‘way of all arterial, sub-sterial and collector roads itis also proposed to develop some minor strects purely as pedestrian paths and cycle tracks There are also proposals to develop the north, south, east and west Chittrai streets, West Tower Street, North Tower Street and Meenakshi streets into shared carriage way streets where preference is only for cyclists and pedestrians, The selected streets should be paved with block paving in attractive colors and designs to highlight the importance of the pedestrian paths and cycle tracks. Special preference will be given to such pedestrian paths and cycle tracks when they cross other local streets. ‘The pedestrian footpaths and cycle tracks can be taken slightly above the local street so that the traffic on the local street is forced to slow down at such crossing points. Pedestrian footpaths and cycle tracks will be planned to connect the places frequented by pedestrians, such as Meenakshi Amman Temple, Thirumalai Nayak Mahal, Bus stand, Railway Junction, Church, Mosque, Schools, Banks, Post offices, ete. The pedestrian footpaths should have finger post signs to indicate the direction of the various places of interest. The footways on the road will be provided with guardrails. Pedestrian crossings will be provided at all junctions Pedestrian subways will also be constructed where there is justification for the same, separate cycle subway {o cross the sub-arterial rouds east Veli Street is proposed for the safely of eyelists $.3.6.6 Public Transport ‘The public transport in Madurai City is the bus. The buses ply on all Veli Streets, South Masi street and the T.P.K Road in URP Area. All the bus stops will be provided with recessed bus bays so that the passengers can boatd the buses easily. The main problem with bus transport is the congestion near the central bus terminals on West Veli ‘Street. There are proposals for construction of a new bus terminal at Mattuthavani to relieve the problems now faced in the present bus terminals functioning at three places. ‘However it_is_necessary_to reorganize the operation of the existing two town bus i with State Bus stand i ‘Salve the problems at the present central bus stand area 53.6.7 Parking Vehicles destined to the URP Area have to be provided with facilities for parking. ‘The location and duration of parking. depend upon the wip purpose and destination of each vehicle. Parking demand of various land uses need to be considered before providing 2‘Om street parking areas should be identified with marking of parking spaces, Off street Parking should be provided where there is demand $3.6.8 Environment of Heritage Areas umber of trucks, light commercial Vehicles, bullock carts, handcarts and ‘other Vehicles. creating serious trafic problems like congestion, delays, accidents, noise, follvon. These affect the sanctity ofthe tomple eovironment. There is some gavemment fices like PWD (Water resources), Agricultural Depirtmen and Police Department, whlch attract a large mumber of vehicles. 1 the hevtage ofthe temple is to be restored, ‘measures for smooth and safe flow of traffic. 5.3.7 Project Proposals A few projects relating to transportation have already been sanctioned at a total Cost of Rs. 57 crores and work is commenced. The details are given below. © List of works already sanctioned and taken up for ‘execution ® List of New Schemes to be taken up under shorttenn basis ® List of New Schemesto be taken up under long-term basis > List of New Schemes to be taken up under BOT CyS371 List of works already sanctioned and taken up for execution L z Formation of ting road Construction of Road over bridge near Madura Coats Construction of High level bridge at Kalpalam across river Vaigai (Construction of diversion causeway near Kalpalam 53.7.2 List oF New Schemes to be taken up under Short-term basis SNo. Project Details Improvements to North Bank Road Improvement to North Bark Road (Sellur Road) fom Thataneri Bridge to A.V. Bridge as an Arterial Street Improvement to Sub-Arterial Streets : © Bast Veli Street. (Gi). South Veli Street ') West Veli Street upto Tamil Sangam Road and Raja Mill Road from Tamil Sangim Road to Thataneti Bridge (iv) Non Veli Stree including Tamil Sangam Road & Vakkil New Street as ‘one way pair) (O TP Road from Dindgn! Road to Over bridge (one-way) Improvements to Collector Streets (Two way) : (Work shop Road Gi) Nethaji Road GE) ‘North Perumal Koil Street (hotieen West Misi Siret and West Veli Street) Improvements to Collector Streets (One-way circular streets): © Avani Mota Street (East, West, South, North) (i) Masi Street (East, West, South, North) (Gil) Marret Street (South, East, North, West) Improvements to Collector Streets (one way Inter-connecting Streets) : (@) Town Hall Road between West Veli & West Masi Street (G) Extension of West Masi Stree Pandya Vellala Street) between South Veli ‘Street and North Perumal Koil Street. 8) Manjanakkera street between North Perumal Keil Street & South Veli Street.(iv) Mahal sixth street (Palace: side road) (v) Palace Road (vi) Link from Meenakshi Park to North Veli Street Development of Shared Carriage-way Streets : @ Chittiraj Street (4 sides) (@) Town Fal Road between Chittiai Street and West Masi Street (Gi) Extension of East Chitirai Street (Meenakshi Koil Stret)(hetween Soish Chittirai and South Maxi Street) Development of Cycle Streets / Pedestrian Strcets ‘Construction of Storm water drains : @ Sub-Arterial Strects(an both sides) Gi) Collector Streets (both sides) (iit) Shased Carriage-way (both sides) Antersection improvements : (Improvement at Kattabomman statue Intersections Gi) Improvement to Thataneri Bridge & Setlur Road Intersections (ti) Signatized Intersection on Sub-Arteria| Road (6 Nos) (is) Channeled intersection on Sub-Areral road (3 Nos on North Veli Street) (v) Improvement to Thevar Statue Intersection Provision of Bus Hays (20 Bays on Veli Strects) : Improvements to Periyar Bus Stand : (Relocating Express Bus Stand G Construction of waiting room booking office & time office ete (i) Provision of new road beween Town Bus Stand & Express Bus Stand 53.7.3 List of New Schemes to be taken up under Long-term basis S.No, 1 Projects Detaits Improvement to the existing road (Nowth Bank Rod) to the West (fom Thataneri Bridge to N.H.7) Extension of Arterial Road (North Bank Road) fo the east {fom A.V. Bridge to Kuruvikaran Salai submiersible bridge) Extension of Arterial Road ( North Bank Road ) to the east (from Kuruvikaran Salai submersible bridge to Annanagar—Theppakulam Link Road) Provision of South Bank Road in between AV. Bridge and Thataneri Bridge 9sincluding provision ofa park strip and water front recreation development S Construction of Grade-Separated Interchange at Thevar Statue. § Construction of an Over Bridge across the Railway line on the Arterial Road (Near Thataneri bridge) 7 Construction of Grade Separated Intee-Change at West Veli Street (TP-K. Road and Nethaji Roai junction including reconstruction of T.B. Road railway bridge) 8 Extension of South Bank Road (from AV bridge up to Anna Nagar Bidge) 9 Reconstruction of the submersible Bridge at Kurwikaran Sulai into an all ‘weather bridge 10 ‘Strengthening the existing causeways at Arapalayam and OblanPadithurai with ‘approach road on both sides 11 Pedestrian Sub-way with Muliisprong access at » () The Thevar Statue (i) Kattabomman Statue 12 Providing Cycle & Pedestrian Sub-ways across East Veli Street at its Junction ‘with () Muichalsi Road i) Karmaraj Road (ii) Kuyavarpalayam 43.7.4 BOT Projects ‘The following projects are recommended under BOT concept G) Redevelopment of vegetable Retail Masket area (ii) Redevelopment of Centra! Vewetable Wholesale Market area. ‘The details of the above projects are given below:- $3,741 Redevelopment of Retail Market Area ‘The retail market area has been assessed as 0.88 ha. > Existing status ‘The existing structures within the market are as follows: (1) Daily shops (RCC Terrace) HO (8'0°x 4"0") Gi) Shops (Tharehed) 24 (0x 80") (iil) Shops 17 (S'0"% #0") (ix) Shops 70 (10°0°%8'0") Total Vegetable Shops 2 Flower Shops 91 (410% S'0") Together with passages, the built up area is 20,000 sft (approx.) (2000 sqm) %6E Assumptions Made f se vyrvy Future built-up area = 0.40 ha IPhase @ Shops (G+ 1) Gil) Parking. (Two level) (iii)Paved platform for platform vendors TEPhase Shops (1&1) Gi) Parking (one more level) Area for Retail Market = 0.88 ha Builtup area - Shops-0.4Ha = 4000 sqm Parking area = 1500 sqm Paved surface for platform vendors. = = ‘$00 sqm Passage and other open spaces = 2800 sqm Construction should plan for intially for two storied shops and parking and threo storied shops and « four storied Parking area for ultimately, ‘The rates for the construction is given in the cost estimates, Cost Estimate (approx) Phase I Cost of shops at Rs. 5000/ sqm (G+1) Rs, 430.00 Lakhs Parking (two level) at Rs 4000 / sqm Rs. 120.00 Lakhs Paved area for platform vendors at Rs.600/ Sqm Rs, 5.00 Lakhs: Passage and other open space development at Rs.250/Sqm Rs 10,00 Lakhs Total Rs. $65.00 Lakhs Contingencies (10% total cost) Rs, $5.00 Lakhs Maintainance Rs. 30.00 Lakhs per annum Project Cost Rs, 620.00 Lakhs Phase It Costing shall be assessed for Phase TI by ascertaining the demand after Phase 1 is ‘completed ‘The rate at which the loan is availed for the project is 13% per annum. “The project is to be completed before 2001 Loan for the project can be obtained from financial institutions All the shops are given on rent® Area for parking may be allotted in the ratio of 233 for four and two wheelers respectively > An amount of Rs. 200 lakhs from shopkeepers and Rs, 25 fakhs from parking should be obtained as caution deposit, which will be returnable > Interest accrued on the deposit from parking, shops is 13%, both. compounded annually > Rental revenue for shops is assumed to be at Rs, 200 per sqm per: month > Parking charges are assumed at the rate of Rs. $ per hour (cars, LCVS), Rs. 2 per two ‘wheelers, with a 16 hour occupancy per day > Rental revenue from shops and parking is increased by 15% every year Revenue from vendors is incteased by 15% after 5 years ‘The interest accrued during the period from sanction of loan and completion of project (before 2001)is taken as expenditure and included in expenditure column for the year 2001-02 > Muintenance costs are taken es 5% of project cost and expected to be spent every year after the construction is completed > Recovery from the project upto 2011 is given in Annexure A % Incanbe seen that the project yields a surplus from 2010 onwards, vv 53.7.42 Redevelopment of Central Market Area ‘The extent of this market area has been assessed as 2.06 ha The area is located at 4 very vulnerable location and is mainly responsible for the heavy traffic congestion and degradation of the environment, especially in close proximity to the sacred Sri Meenakshi ‘Amman Temple. Relocation of this market at the outskis of the city is a major proposal ‘which has to be taken on priority, > Existing Status ‘The existing structures within the market are as follows: a) ‘New building (RCC Terrace GF, I Floor & I 14 (16°0"x 12°0") Floor) (ii) Old Flower Market Shop (Tiled roof) 20 (8'0"x 60") (iil) Co-operative Saciety Shops(Tited) 8 (S8'0"%x 670") (iv) Motu Kadai 10 ('0% s'0") (%) Shops (Tited) 145(i) Shops (Tiled) 14 (1670s 12°0") (vil) Shops (Tited) 12(10'0"x8'0") (iii) Shops (AC Sheet) 6 (810° 50") ‘Total Shops (Vegetable only) 267 Flower Shops 91 ('o"x50") > Proposed Uses ‘The reuse of the area after relocating the existing wholesale market requires sarefil consideration due to its location and proximity to the temple. The main reuses can s @ Commercial complex (@) Parking areas ii) Parks (iv) Other uses such as area for hawkers, open spaces ete ‘This area is mainly suggested to accommodating all the shops in Pudumandapam, besides additional retail shopping areas and sufficient parking areas, Assumptions Make > Shops be in three storeyed > Parkinig be in four levels > Total extent whole sale vegetable market = 2.06 ha > The rates for the construction is given in the cost estimates > Cost Estimate (approx) Basement completely for parking at Rs 7500 / sqm Rs. 1660.00 Lakhs ‘Shops at Rs. $000 / sqm (thres-storied structure) Rs, 1300.00 Lakhs ‘Multi-storied parking at Rs. 4000 / sqm (four levels), Rs. 515.00 Lakhs Park & Open spaces at Rs. 600/ sqm Rs. 60.00 Lakhs Total Rs. 3535.00 Lakhs Contingencies (10% total eost) Rs 355.00 Lakhs Maintenance Rs, 125.00 Lakhs pet ‘annum Project Cost Rs, 3890.00 Lakhs > The rate at which the loan is availed for the project is 13% per annum > The project is to be completed before 2001 > Loan forthe project can be obtained from financial institutions ”‘Interest accrued on the anmuil revenue generated from shops, parking and initial deposit collected is assumed to be 13% compounded annually ‘Rental revenue for shops is assumed to be at Rs 200 per sqm pet month Parking charges are assumed at the rate of RS. 5 per hour (cars, LCV), RS 2 per two wheelers, witha 16 hour occupancy per day Revenue trom shops and parking is increased by 15% every year ‘The interest accrued during the petiod from sanction of loan and completion of Project (before 2001)is taken as expenditure and included in expenditure column for the year 2001-02 ‘Maintenance costs are taken as 5% of project cost and expected to be spent every year * aficr the construction is completed Recovery from the project tipto 2011 is given in Annexure B It.can be seen that the project yields a surplus from 2009 onwards. 53.7.5 Remunerative Projects ‘The vegetable market adjoining Koodal Alagar Teppakulam, occupies an area of ‘750 sqm (approx.) and predominantly built of kutcha thatched structure. ‘The re- construction of these shops is strongly recommended along with renovation of the ‘Teppakulam for environmental upgradation of the area. > Existing status {Total number of shops = 80 (2 rows of 40 shops) (Gi) Shops are predominantly tiled and thatched Gil) Size of shops vary from 4"0" by 970” and 4’0" by S'0" (iv) Vegetables are sold in 60 shops and miscellaneous: items (taps, electricals, ‘cassettes, fans) in remaining 20 shops > Cost () Cost of reconstructed market = Rs. 75.00 lakhs 5.4 Improvements to Infrastructure $4.1 Improvements to Water Supply As a short-term project, a lump sum is proposed towards provision of interconnection at Arasaradi Pumping Station ‘Asa long-term measure, to meet the increased population and its consequent increase in demand, lying of water supply lines to transport additional 1100 meft of water from Vaigai Scheme is proposed. i 100$4.2 Improvements (o Sewerage Facilities ‘To mest the short term demands of the people two projects are proposed namely, 1, Installation of 8 new high capacity pumps at substations 2 Relaying of pumping mains from Sewage Pumping Station ¥ to main pumping station for a distance of 4-km (450-mm dia). Map 19 indicates the proposal for immediate improvements so a5 10 minimize the present strain of the existing sewerage syitem, ‘To meet the future growth of population in this city, and the consequent increase in strain on the sewerage system relaying of pumping mains from main Pumping Station ‘to sewage farm at Avaniapuram for a distance of 9 KM (600mm dia.) is proposed $43 Improvements to Storm Water Drains AS an immediate measure to counter the present situation of storm water drains. laying of storm water drains along all main roads is suggested to be taken up along the ail roads proposed for improvements. As a long-term measure towards improving the enviroment of the city, improvements to Anupanadi channel is to be taken up. S44 Improvements to Public Conveniences To meet the basic requirements of present tourist population coming to Madurai, ‘on an immediate priority basis, itis recommended for 6 Provision of 45 toilets: (Provision of 4 mobile toilet units Suitable care should be taken that’ these conveniences are necessarily located along the routes frequented by tourists so as to be accessible and cause minimum discomfort forthe users, SA. Improvements to Electricity To counter the present low levels of power availability, the conversion of overhead distribution lines into underground cables ‘As a long-term mesure, it is recommended fur provision of additional sub-stations and their related improvements. 101ADaroud aovw9KIS oasodoHd SWWYUOOdd TWM3NaY NYBUN __ IWenavn—— 54.6 Improvements to Solid Waste Management On an immediate priority basis, provision for 25 tnicks / tipper lorries are recommended. 5.5 Environmental Upgradation ‘The conservation and preservation of temples and monuments, shifting of wholesale markets, trafic. iempfovement and careful reuse’ of displaced areas of vegetmble wholesale market and government offices will 0 a long’ way in up- Sradation of eavironmem within URP Area Betides the above certain other Suggestions are given for improving the overall situation, SS. Improvement to the Garden (Nandayanam) around Meenakshi Amman Temple A portion of the area is now used for dumping gartuge and also as parking Space, Special attention should be given to improve the garden, with additional fowering Pls and trees Keeping the area clean and tidy. But itis equally important that parking sed dumping garbage thercin is probibited at the eariest. Suggestions are given ‘slsewhere in the report for providing additional parking space S52 Beautification project for all Chittirai Streets ‘The space encompassing the temple bound by the four Chitira streets should be Haedicaped, planted with trees and flowers. The entre area can be iliininaied’ and ‘ssitable fountains are installed 5.5.3 Improvements to Parks [Improvement to existing parks and providing new parks within various, integrated Projets detailed before are of immediate importance. SS4 Avenue Trees along Traffic Roads |i proposing traffic improvements the planting of aveaue trees forms part of sich ‘projects. This will also bea ghort-term project. SSS Creation of Vistas and Promenades in frant of four Gopurams In order to enhance the visual quality of the magnificent towers, wide vistas 103A view of plantain market 108and promenades have to be developed. it is recommended that a separate study be initiated in this area. S56 Riverside Parks While proposing road along the River Vaigai, the development of ‘riverside park along with recteational facilities has been suggested as part ofthe transport project. This will be Long Term Project, which will be a major asset in making the area pollution-free 5.6 Institutional and Legislative Measures $.6.1 Institutional Arrangements Madurai Corporation is the body now responsible for all improvements within URP Ares. tn order to organize project formulation, mobilization of funds for varioux projects: proposed, their maintenance, cost recovery and enforcement of building regulations and architectural control, it is proposed that an advisory Soimmiitee as follows be constituted: Chairman ‘Mayor, Madurai Corporation Vice-Chairman ‘Commissionier, Madurai Corporation Convenor Meniber Secretary, Local Planning Area, Madutui Members Senior representatives of the following organizations. (i) Regional Director of Town and Country Plansing, Madurai Gi) Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowment Board (ii) Tourism (iv) Archeology (v) High Ways (vi) Public Works Department (vii) City Engineer, Madurai Corporation (vit) EE Planning, Madurai Corporation (i) Bleotiicity (s) Police (xi) Transport (xii) Chamber of Commerce $6.2 Enforcement of Development Controls ‘As already reported, it is high time that mo more multi-storeyed buildings are wswithin URP Area, so that the magnificent temple presenis an imposing _garoramic view froma distance: It is also necessary that issue of planning permissions forLorry Booking offices, within URP Area be curtailed in future: $6.21 Development Control and Regulations ‘A major part of the URP Area is the CBD area identified in the Master Plan. Development Control here is mainly based on Building Regulations and Master Plan Landuse Regulations In order to have better control over tanduse, Master Plan has proposed the preparation of Detailed Development Plans(DD Plans) for Madurai city dividing it info 35 DD Plan areas, The DD Plans for URP Area are yet to be prepared. Having identified the URP Area clearly in this report, itis recommended that DD Plans for URP Area may be prepared taking into consideration the major proposals given in the Urban Renewal Programme, 5.6.2.2 Landuse ‘As already stated the fundamental policy on which the future development of Madurai URP Area must be to conserve and preserve the heritage value permitting only those uses, which will enbance the heritage and services to pilgrims. All non-conforming uses which will pollute the area in any manner must be identified and removed/relocated from the URP Area, In formulating the fiture Land and Building Regulations to the URP Area, cire must be taken to give flexibility and choice to the developer in exercising his fundamental right on property so long it does not inffinge on the rights of other citizens and the basic values of the city 5,63 Architectural Facade of Buildings It is recommended that » study be taken up in regard to the urban form of the URP Area, especially for the roads Jeading to the temple. 5.6.4 Legislative Measures ‘The Madurai Local Planning Authority has been constituted under Sec 11 of The Tamil Nadu Town & Country Manning Act, 1971 Chapter I-A of The T & CP Act deals with “CONSTITUTION AND INCORPORATION OF THE METROPOLITAN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY FOR THE CHENNAI METROPOLITAN PLANNING AREA AND SPECIAL PROVISIONS RELATING THERETO’. It is recommended for Madurai 106= ‘Local Planning Ares, an authority similar to CMIDA is constituted and similar powers as oder Chapter I-A of T & CP Act, 1971 are provided for To the above effect suitable amendments be made to the T & CP Act 5.7 Socio-Economic Benefits While recommending projects in conformity with the basic objectives of ‘environmental upgradation and prevention of urbiin decay, the socio-economic benefits ‘that acerue from implementation af these projects - both short and tong term are also kept in mind While social benefits comprise in improving the quality of life’ of people, ‘sconomic benefits pertain to increase in incomes through direct and indirect employment in the execution of various projects to the residents of Madurai and its suburbs These socio-economic benefits in turn lead to higher standards of living in due course An overview of such projects and their coatiibution in this aspect is given below. » Renovation, conservation and electrification of monuments and religious places go & Jong way in providing an environmental balance > Similarly, shifting of wholesale markets, other non-conforming und in-compatible use activities from the URP Area create pollution-free atmosphere, relieve congestion and ‘ensure free movement of people and traffic, This activity relieves noise pollution and Jeads to harmony. > ‘These along with sugested improvements to Nandavanam garden around the temple And provision of landscaping and illumination to riverside parks are aimed at achieving environmental upgradation. These projects create indirect employment to a umber of people, while creating an atmusphere of safety, peace and good health Under infrastructure, major item relates (0 improvement exiiting roads and promotion of new roads with proper phasing . Good roauls are an important amenity of modern society for easy and efficient transportation of men and materials from place to place Various schemes suggested above have immense employment potential especially at the supervision and worker levels besides ensuring comfortable arid hazard - free life > Among other infrastricture projects, augmentation of water Supply is erucial since it is a vital basic necessity of people Other schemes included like sewerage, storm Water drains, solid waste management cic. are meant 10 help people to have their surtoundings clean by removing health hazards like drt, debris and garbawe > In an egalitarian society, social costs are primarily meant for the betterment of the lives of common man. While no commercial parameters are applicable in stich cases, wr| al oth et and indie is exploited to hs exe fs TheCHAPTER 6 COST OF PROJECTS ‘Vatious projects are recommended for implemertation in the earlier chapters. and their cost estimates are provided in this chapter. BY and large, projects are into ‘Short-term (upto $ years) Long-term (above 5 years) ‘This division is made based on priositication of needs and fulfillment of stated objectives: Besides the above, certain projecs are suggested to be taken up on BOT basis, ‘The abstract of propose projects are given in 6 4oro (Cen Suoy ang aang or PE TPR aon PEON aL, Gay ort (aed fm ou0 se roang nay, JPPMA ® Proy unBons jure, Tupryout) wang yo, uD (A) 080, OMY OL pooy wees Ne wOM prox {Hy wh OFT Pooy uviiues nue) adn rang yo, 39 SLO PANS 4A Ynos ooanin 050 ALIS Ife wey shuuity Jur PLO, SIAN [ELIOZY-ang oF mratascudh | ‘OoaLaL 008 ANS feusHiy Weer SRR AY OAT skennainy PE PHOM, HRUEIMLL Woy (pEoY AnpF9S) Roy yu ypLORy op juouranoudiuny Monvpodsues, puw auyesy oy syiomoxosduy | og woreda AD OOGnA oeRS SSPE o(eaeaA [eHOD Jo amy ubrieedio; Tay OocoH zs JAUNTY THEA Y PAUSES A JO UONIANTUET WoNtIOdIoD My ‘OodnH sto =f TaRinEMdS wRETEEpOON, Sunnofpe sey aque, _jrwoy JO _worannsuos9y WoRETTTD ND wan Wo SIROMUY [OOHPS SE SNOT Sy pUESALLO CARIOUS soem aegnedmo>-uj puv SurmaojH0>-W0N Jo Suryms | oz 3) RH a0 9H SzO lunpnsqedda(y swetuiepEpooy jo WoreAoUTy a3 9H a Vu oro SATE JO UOTTEA DAO pow NONEROURT I RD fc a Pu ava oro ‘Sida HF Spit MORTEATUAY Jo WoRRAGAT jo-WOS, srw PY Puy StupIMG snoidyay J sonwsosaug puw wonnasasuo | +) Rpiy io Hiy Banmauajcery __|__ puedy dupuny 30D, SEP pefosg “ON'S | spalodg may a0q5wonesndoD Any, O30RAT OFT SAIS MNTSSpad /AONS ap Jo niawTN|ATG 7 sco Geass BEA YinOS PUN TRINTE) Hanoy Wasa) (pans HO HuSTeUOIY) Pals HENNY ¥8Ky Jo UOKLODEY (11) oso ANS, BRIN ISAL PUNE HaAZIS FEY UOoMIEq PHOY IIE UROL (1) ost (opis b) Rang ream) ()) vonmiedsey £3 wisuano4 jo dag) {Spang em-aze.1e> pamys jo ywaurdoprsq uO WANS HOA HUON Oring HisHeUORY Woy qurT CA) 800 oro oro 5 mW (1) woo “Pans 10H [eunvag KON pure PENS IPA INOS uaa (eeNS NINIEA wAPURG HBAS IsTWY OA JO UOISIIK| (1\) ovo ‘MANS ISTAISIN\ B HPA 159A UROMIRA POY ITEH UROL () tise yo adoq i Gras nogmvodiog ED. fonatann Buypaunes-sa}uy Ata a0) si9as1g 410999410-) 6) siuatMarodden [sro Ts9M sto quON, sto wey zo Manos) sag w.EHY (Ht) 090 Aquon “yanos sa; “ie) iaaAIg 18 (won snag ‘194 Sse) maNS BjooyY TUNAAPE [UWL JO 1A0E) We sdwad Aypedes YR MoU 10} HOD wslorg Ww 1S OF stugMavosdiry wores0rdi03 AY) VAL wonnohe3 sy P10 jon sarenoy uns TMT ‘ore ort woyreiodtio7 yodsuesy oro ‘wons0d105 A113, Opdrnt Senay OSdHAL oro TRAE RA wo she Og) =i | waneiadieg tig, a2 3 UH oo “STEAIOHE Wg WSpRON Te Wo SORA Sanya ‘StO WORIMINTL] SMITE AANA, G) THaWTDAOMTUT (A) oro, (ANS PA GUON WO SON ¢) peor pudt-qns uo suONDesmm! pasyjauuEyy 090 (sont 9) spony jeudm-gns vo stiaasion pareuTtig oro suc POY MES ye sApHG Laue, OF sUAUIAAG: fw) sto Monroeim] onmeis LRUUOGeHRY 4 WouIanoIdus{ (1) ei ooauaL # syuomaaosduy wonsassayty ae GANA ooqun ose (sjqe5, yam worpeiodo3 4313) suoydoyo4, 3 joUDoI}) spear je Uo Sima ayazau0> SmpHAGI SED osz wonmesods0 6113) ooauinAL. 00'f SURE 49E% uLIOIS Jo HONINARSHIO-) Sen ODaHIAL 90 Faaiis Jeugimmqns wo sueLOpAd pron OL swer Pury JO WorsIAOL iWy ean Aisdes Ry Aa g RaTINRN Tay Wop wala uonmiodo3 £15) sapyroey o3uMag 0 siHoMasostuTy avn 100 DONIAUTODIS II JO UOITAOM spueMo; wins Gain Aididng 91644 0) squsmiasoadusy ampansyseazny oy satouarouduy | 5 we Purig 504 Sag puEIg sng] UMOg, wa9MIaq peor Mat Jo HORLACEG vet DaLsO auNN -p 22190 FuN{OOq ‘wood Ture Jo uaRoREYEIOD (ft wonwiodio> wodsues 1 oo puss sng saucy SunIEOO “uonesodioy Ai, ooaquin. 1 PMNS sg 48K Lag OF SpHOIHDADAC UTE Shen aT ‘OOGHNLL FO + (89a THA Wo Ske OZ) eg sng Jo WONOI wonwundio7) Airy 329 YH oo ‘SRAIAI, Hig TF SPROS [|W UO S94] ONUBAY BunUME szO UOHOORIAA SMBS JRADY] OY WOUONOITUT (AY oro (ans PA MON WO SON] ¢) peor yeLIOLIE-qns uo suoyrdsiowy paerouUND (AL) 090 (20N 9) spwoy jeusze-qns uo suonsassonu) paziyeuits (11 oro suorasia1 Prey AS 7 Sipug — vaUENEYL OF qwaIaroMuT (it) sco wonaesiaiu ones weitoqeTey, 10 nHomSAoai| () stem ooatsn. = sjuimaoudiny wor36s9yit, ssuoudopL “TANL oodnns. ost (sae tim voe0d0. 31>) suoydjo4. 29 I8oUI29Ie) spe jfe UO sHoNG a1sA9U09 FupIAosg SED ) Fees pareys (i) ost 15 04) SIAN 10191)0; Wopmeedso> £15 oan, 008 (saprs qiog wo)sioanig jeusiry-ang ()) 2esreap vin ee nn SAR MUTT OOdHAL 90 Teurise-qns_ vo sueusoped prend oy spear puuy yo onames i9404) B1ZL SH = s199foxd unI-1204s pasodoad yo 1809 e104, Ter, S00 PU) 24 wy HOT OF DTUSRORT wonerodios Aus) soo woneujunye aenbape (49 9 MH a 9 aH YM ajdwar punore (weuEAepUTAY) wapaEd oy) O1 spueniancsduT [seen evasion || 5 stl syio| adi, Span zo woRNoAy worrerodio 40-9 | _npen jure. 30 2405 jouaeawyy 95644 PHOS oY sIuamadoadiny 31 Tq Punouitapun oyu sauy, YOKNqUIsIP PeaKDAD Jo. YoR9ANO> BANL Aysunsayy 01 squouraasdiay THAT TAIN SPIGOU p Jo wOIsadIg CH) | Bia] Sp JO SUOISIADIG (1) Sapuaquanuo. aang 02 siusuaAosdeuy passin spwos uses ye Soy suvesp soyen was Jo Bussey afeuprag 9m yy waors oF ssuaUIAOsdEBT [Hip T-Sh) INF JO aousIp ® Jay WOHTAS THN Mw OF A wonins Huxdiuny aes way) ues Haydiind jo suydeyoy (9) |ue SSPE YI09 WO plat fe ia ampeUETG. far wnkejedey ie shumasnea Runsiea ox Suuoyiduone Ca Sua FeO Te UE OTUy SPS Merny Ww sBpUG a\qs:auqns ay) Jo WoRaTUIsuODy oor (efpiag wejnyeddoyy © dn spa AY wey) proy jury Winos J9. worsuayxy 0r (8 puq Semper peoy ‘gy 30 uOHARstoses Kupnjour voRounf puoy \fays9Ny PUR Peou Nd 1) BONS HPA ss9qy 1 aBuEyD-s99U) poresmdas, PPBE) JO UOHONUYSUO) oo0z (ofipiiq ouerey 2a) peoy jetsoiy SH) UO ou} Keajreyy aM ssarse a¥pug JANG ue JO wouonasuoy, ‘SMHS aEAS44L 18 aBumy>io;u] parrzedas-apei jo tonsnysuo> ose Wustudojanap Youeardas wwoN} IA pur dur spnd ¥ Jo woIsiaodd Biupnjsus afpug, usuEReT Por Spa “ATV wong ul pooy yung YI 009 (proy = _jmieweULY OF aBpLq diqisagns mods) 1889 241 0 ( PEO YUE YON ) proy [Hui “a see (28p1iq oyqissouqns iw)es ueseyanuny oF vo mous) 1809 a4 OF (PLOY yUEG YON) PLOY) many sun coor (LON 01 op wo) PAL SMT O1 (POR YuRET YON) Rod HinsI9 a4) 04 wxDAD Ld wopevodse> £4 ood /shougyy J Wwe PHO Hontodsuesy pur ayes) a Siuawadosduy | +z aD 7 aH a aH Tuan Husanvepy Puy SupMY sorshoH Jo wowerrseer4 pur wonwasasue | °] Preah (ero ry), "ON Borwouraydiay Pewey umumy | 902 spaforg 0 sueag s Spvferg may tury oy A$9408) 0L°987 “RY = SH9afoud ur399-Bu0} pasodoud Jo js09 yey}, wR mL 00 opal. row qu HMOs ay1 Buoye HN apis soARY Jo waLdo}>raq] woyesodiay 39) NEF HOA, woneprs8dy jeusuMoNAM | eS oogun. SANE mee PION Oat st wonesodso9 Airy DMRE PIONS spec 29yEA§ MUONS oy s1udMH>s0KdNU eo (Cup witt-999) W610 sump & 409 weindepmeay ye wy ooauaL ‘semas 01 worms Huyduing visu woy view Burchund so Huréuyey] OVAL {380 PON SHUN eases 07 syuouraacstuy WOT Sworps ware woy s9yeM JO YOWY NOI | [eUOFPPE opts vodsuen oy souy Spddns soynim Hunde} spear 180 1D9loig ava 5 PHONN Auddng 21644 09 syusma soci SaNPMAASAjUy OF SMITA OT mutopedivnakayy ot poy Fesew oo ey Perey Ea ta TEIANG IPA Isby ssoIN sXwm-qns uMLNSOpaY °p 9245 Fuupr oot ‘omimg uence 001 amivig ADL 21 (1) ae ssa00e Ftd. qua kess-qng mmusspog,Projects Suggested to be taken up on BOT Basis Shifting of non-conforming and in-compat @ Shit Reconstruction of vegetable retail market. Ne uses ind re-use of existing vegetable wholesale market 64 Abstract of Projects S| Proposed Projects Short Tong Remarks No. Term Term Cost (Rs. | Cont (Rs. Crores) | __Crores) T_ | Conservation and > preservation of religious buildings and monuments 098 _ T_| Shutting of now-conforming Major projecs (i.e) reuse of ars and in-compatible uses 4635 ——| occupied by wholesale vegetable market and reconstruction, of feinil vegetable market are reommended to be taken up ‘under BOT concept . 3. | Tmprovements to raffle Baro) 16235 and transportation © | Tmnprovements ry - infrastrocture * Water Supply ool 6000 * Sewage facilities 2.95 720 * Storm Water Drains ~ 230 * Solid Waste Management 125 _ + Bleatrcity 12s 3375 * Public Conveniences 027 = 3_| Environmentat : Uperadation 0.0 100, Foal W093] 286,70 > 16CHAPTER 7 RESOURCE MOBILIZATION 7.1 Partners in Progress A review of the existing scenario in urban planning and development activities in India may be informative and instructive in mobilizing the finance for various projects contemplated Urban planning and development activities in most of the states, are generally performed by the Public sector as the sole operator, This monopolistic situation has. resulted in loss of efficiency, and led to lop-sided development of urban centres defeating the very purpose of Development Planning. Recently, a few states like Maharashtra, Gojarat, Haryana, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh had promoted private sector participation in urban planning and development process. However, the role of this sector is not yet clearly defined and there is a lack of proper ‘control and operational mechanism. Private sector, therefore, is generally unrecognized and its activities have become haphazard. But, this sector is being criticized for its profit motives and lack of social commitment With’a competitive edge, Private sector provides professionalism, dynamism and efficiency. It fas capabilities for mobilization of resources and if properly promoted, can contribute effectively in urban planning and developmental process. Wit the role of government is shifting from that of a ‘provider to a ‘facilitator’ of development of urban areas With this scenario in view, quite a few projects are suggested for implementation on 2 Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) system, a Healthy and viable Public-Private sector participation mechanism the current on-going policy of economic liberalization, 7.2 Major Funding Sources Urban development projects can be successfully implemented only when the ‘estimation of financial requirements and the methods of achieving these finances are properly assessed and ascertained clearly beforehand The financial outlays. for improvement of water supply and drainage and solid waste management ete. are t9 be properly estimated To raise funds for the various projecis proposed in this report, recommendations made in the Master Plan are fully endorsed. The suggested sources for fand mobilization is "7Collection of 1% contribution from the Local authorities under the provision of the Town and Country Planning Act, Enhancing the revenue of Local Planning Authority through collection of Development charges and other taxes. {2 Getting fons and grants from the State and Central Governmems. Approaching financial institutions like Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC), ‘Housing and Urban Development Corporation of India (HUDCO), ‘Tamil Nadu Infrastructure Finance Corporation (TIFCO), ‘National Housing Bank (NHB), ‘Tamil Nadu Urban Infrastructure Finance Services Limited (TNUIFSL) ‘Tamil Nadu Urban Infrastructure Finance and Development Corporation (TUFIDCO) (i) Approsching Imernational Financial Agencies Tike the World Bank, and Asian Development Bank and OECF (Japan) ‘Thus, the recommendations mede in. the Master Plan regarding contribution by the locil bodies, grants from State and Central Governments, Finance fiom the Govemment as per 197) Act besides Sinancial assistance from financial institutions like LIC, Nationalized Banks and international financial agencies like World Bank, arc endorsed for active consideration. 7.3 Contribution of Local Authorities There is « provision under section 65 (1) of the Town and Country Planning Act 1971, which stipalates that every planning Authority should maintain a separate fund called "The planning and Development Fund Account”. The Government accordingly in G.O. Ms 805 dated Sth May, 1975 (Annexure 7-1) specified that every local authority should conitibute a sum fot exceeding one percent of the General Fund of such Local Authority to this Account of the Local Planning Authority concemed. “This find is alloted exclusively for urban development 7.4 Government Grants ‘The average \grants given to the Corporation of Madurai in the last few years is of the order of Rs. 16 lakhs. Projection for the entire planning arca based on its present population gives a figure of Rs. 32 lakhs Hence, eredit can be taken forng the Stale grant of Rs. 32 lakhis, and a matching grant fiom Central Government for the purpose of furthering the Town and Country Planning functions under the “1971 Act. The Government miay from time to time, allocate money from this find The _ Government as grants of loans reviewing the overall situation may advance money from Pe 19- bor poset es our cost cones eo-a002 aves ov as ue sowei az swan ovoaz ones erwoe oo see we ievee ore omc stare sane seSHE soe oie coor OF vom = ceo eros eu so-ro0z — s0-t00z sere zo ERO Ory «OB de wee ae ue sete Ov eoe or eS seu d ‘cose op zm os80, 09 ¢59 sovoz ro-e0o vaunxaney oeine potas oates, on'et on es (sone ‘ott wet ot ones oot ost (sien 3a, op'see ‘09 9 00 sz aveiau08 vary nou we07 wowed panidins ‘doys oss ynodop fount Bune 044 wed yni9s) it batllll bas (ene? ney eumnpuodes vers sevensAnnexure D Questionnaire ¥ RENEWAL PROGRAMME FOR MADURAI INFRASTRUCTURE - LODGING STUDY BY STEM ‘Ward No, ‘of Survey ‘Block No. Survey No, 1. Name of the Lodge “2 Details of Facilities Dormitory/ | Ordinary Deluxe Others No. Single Double | Single Double No of Rooms: =} @ Number of vehicles Parked inside the Lodge Gi) OFF -sireet Signaturecy ween Buoyed -prosea, sdoys-mnodog ssdous Gung yee witune simone (He) eons srzsso orn seeess ov SzOS oo ose $800 Holosd SLL Oust «SLM DOGeL ONL seueuewen, Su'59S ORES Sh EY OTL Oe! «(OSE saounBuguop SLztes OF ELES SOEIOY OL rSHy 00 9ese wok ovo cries ov «e000 nonidejanag coeds uado, OESPIZ CURLEL 9DZO8 GORE ODEs O00 sous. Seas pre: «SUSIE Coma «ots USI Suetea ponoHE- ENA opacde Orszse OrLoEe OpsEOR ODE =O osm quawesea)umed so-sone w-e00 © EO-ZOOE Zo-Loge —(nssits HY Yunowy ueOy smyoued (eur 1) asmupuodg een renni99 Kancey, saumcanny‘Urban Renewal Programe -Afediral ANNEXURE C ‘Officials met regarding Urban Renewal Programme for Madurai ‘MADURAI CORPORATION ‘Hon, Thiru P KulandaiveluBABL. Mayor ‘Thiru M, Saikumar LA'S Commissioner Thins $. Arumgam Executive Engineer / Planning Thiru K Packiaraman Executive Engineer / Draimge Thins R. Malaiarasin Executive Engineer / Water Supply De. A Chokalingam Health Officer Dr V Veerspandiyan Assistant Health Officer ‘Thins N. Krishoamurthy Assistant Executive Engineer / Archeological Department Thiru T. Thangavelu Manager / Survey Office MADURAI LOCAL PLANNING AUTHORITY Thirw G, Manian Joint Director & Member Secretary TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING / MADURAI REGION Thiru N. Ramalingarm Former Deputy Director ‘Thiru M. Natarajan Deputy Director HINDU RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL ENDOWMENT BOARD ‘Thiru, Jotki ‘Manager HRCE / Meenakshi ‘Amman Temple MADURAI MARKET COMMITTEE ‘Thins § Purushottaman Joint Director / Madurai Market Committee