RECOMMENDED PRACTICE DNV-RP-B401 CATHODIC PROTECTION DESIGN JANUARY 2005 & DET NORSKE VERITASFOREWORD DET NORSKE VERITAS (DNV) is an autonomous and independent foundation withthe objectives of safewuarding life, prop- erty and the environment, at sea and onshore. DNV undertakes classification, certification, and other verification and consultancy series reaing fo qual of ships, offshore units and insalltions, and onshore ims worlwide, and cares ut research in elation ta these functions, DNV Oftshore Codes consist of a thre level hierarchy of documents: Ofhre Service Sesion, Prove rcp a procte of DNV csi cerieston verfeton and con — Ofstore Stands: Provide echnical provisions and acceptance eter for general use bythe offhand swell 5 — Recommended Prats Provide prove shnoogy and sound engicsing pac s wel sudan forte higher evel Offshore Service Specifications and Ofhhore Sandands = serie DNV Offthore Codes ae offered within the lowing areas: AA) Qualification, Quay and Safety Methodology B) Materials Tecotoay ©) Sects ) Systems Special Facies F) Pipeline and Risers 66) Asset Operation 1H) Marine Operations 3) Wind Turbines Amendments and Corrections This document is valid until superseded by a new revision. Minor amendments and corrections will be published in a separate document normally updated twice per year (April and October). Fora complete listing ofthe changes, see the “Amendments and Corrections” document located at stp wonw.dnv.comtechnologyservices!, “Offshore Rules & Standards”, "Viewing Arca”. ‘The electronic web-versions ofthe DNV Offshore Codes willbe regularly updated to include these amendments and corrections {Comments may be sent by email rales com Forsubsriton orders o information about subscrpion tens, pease use dsrbuton@dm cam Comprehensive formation abut DNV series, eaearch and publican ean be fou thi! dn com, or canbe obtied fom DNV, Vas ‘en 1s NO-1392 Hovik Noy Tel 476737950, Fox “4767579 1 © et Norske Veritas Al righ reserved No pat of this pubition may be rereduced or transmit in any form by any meen, nang pho- {Reopyng an secon. with rr wren conseata Be Noake Veta ‘Compute Typeseing (FM+SGML) hy Det Norske Vert, ‘pane in Nore Cee ee ere ear ee TRS ES SoucSt' et ets Voto Set mean Fe foun x Nat Ver a a n,n et, lyn a ya ag a a‘Amended October 2005, 28 note on front cover ‘Main Changes January 2005 Sec. Introduction Impressed current cathodic protection (CP) has been re= moved from the scope. As a consequence of this, the RP does not actually cover CP of mobile installations for oi and gas production, but can be applied if galvanic anode system has been selected. The revisions made tothe 1993 issue are addressed in gen eral terms in 125, Sec.I has been amended to give detailed guidelines to the use of the RP as contractual document. A check-list for information to Contractor and specification of optional re- quirements associated with CP design, anode manufacture and anode installation are further given in 7.1.2, 81.2 and 5113 respectively. See.2 References There are a few amendments, e.g. reference to NORSOKM-501 See.3 Terminology and Definitions Some references to paragraphs in the text for definition of | (CP design terms are included. Sec.5 General CP Design Considerations (Informative) Some informative text on CP design parameters/caleula- tions has been moved fo this section. The text on HISC by CCP has been amended to include experience after 1993, primarily related to martensitic and feritic-austenitic (du. plex) stainless steels. Sec.6 CP Design Revisions to the 1993 isue are addressed in 6.1.6. The pri- mary ones are the revision of coating categories which have been reduced from 4t03 and made wider 10 include commonly applied systems. Reference is also made to NORSOK M501 Systems 3B and 7. The constants for calculation of time dependant coating breakdown i slight Recommended Practice ONV-RP-B401, January 2005 Changes ~ Page 3 ly reduced for Category IL, However, as to the required anode capacity, this is largely compensated for by higher Sesign current densities at depths exceeding 100 m where coated components are mostly used. For design current ‘densities, two further depth zones have been defined. The effect of this is mast significant in tropical waters Sec.7 CP Cateulation and Design Procedures As stated in 7.1.4, the only major revision made isthe in= troduction of @ paragraph (7.8.6) that advises against the use of anodes with large differences in size See Anode Manufacture ‘Compared to the 1993 revision, this seotion has been made ‘more comprehensive. It has been revised to include e.g TSO 15589-2 requirements for anode chemical compost- tion, extended requirements for quality control and ac- ceptance ritera for electrochemical testing. The basis for this section is NACE RPO38? and no requirements inthis Standard are repeated, See9 Anode Installation ‘This section has been extended compared tothe 1993 re- vision, However, most of the addtional requirements for documentation of quality contol are options Annex A Figures and Tables See comments to See.6 and See.8 above, ‘Annex B Laboratory testing of galvanic anode materials for ‘quality contre! Only minor revisions, see 11.14 Annex C Laboratory testing of galvanie anode materials for ‘qualification of electrochemical performance Only minor revisions see 12.1.4 Det NORSKE VERITASRecommended Practice ONV-RP-B401, January 2008 ‘Amended October 2005, Page 4 ~ Changes ee note on front cover Der NORSKE VERITAS‘Amended October 2008, ‘see note on front cover a 12 13 14 1s 24 22 23 24 25 26 " 12 CONTENTS GENERAL... 743 Introduction. 714 Scope enna 1S Objectives and Use. 7 16 Document Structure. 7007 Relation to Other DNV Document 718 REFERENCES 3 79 General g 710 ASTM (American Society for Testing and mH Materials). es 8 12 DNV (Det Norske Veritas) 8 713 EN (European Standard). emg on 8 a1 onal Organization fr es NACE International S 4 TERMINOLOGY AND DEFINITIONS. es ‘Terminology. Definition. 86 ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS. 87 Abbreviations. 7 8a Symbols... %. GENERAL CP DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS — 9-1 (INFORMATIVE), 9 92 9 93 9 94 Environmental Parameters Affecting CPrswnn.9 Protective Potential Detrimental effects of CP.. Galvanic Anode Material rv: Anode Geometry and Fastening Devices. Use of Coatings in Combination with CP.. Electrical Continuity and Current Drain... CP DESIGN PARAMETERS.. General Design Life. Design Current Densities Coating Breakdown Factors for CP Design. Anode Utilization Factor Current Drain Design Parameters. CP CALCULATION AND DESIG! PROCEDURES. General Subdivision of CP Object.. 96 97 10. 101 un. mt m2 ns ua ns 2. 14 122 123 24 Recommended Practice DNV-RP-8401, January 2005 Pages Anode Mass Calculations. Calculation of Number of Anodes. Calculation of Anode Resistance... Anode Design Distribution of Anodes.. Provisions for Electrical Continuity Documentation ANODE MANUFACTURE. General... Manufacturing Procedure Specification Pre-Production Qualification Testing. Quality Control of Production. Materials, Fabrication of Anode Inserts and Casting of Anodes... Inspection and Testing of Anodes.. Documentation and Marking. Handling, Storage and Shipping of Anodes. INSTALLATION OF ANODES. General... Install ‘Qualification of installation Receipt and Handling of Anodes. Anode Installation and Provisions for Electrical Continuity. 22 Inspection of Anode Installation... 2 Documentation.. 22 2 ANNEX A TABL ‘Tables and Figures. ANNEX B— LABORATORY TESTING OF GALVANIC ANODE MATERIALS FOR QUALITY CONTROL... General AND FIGURES. Sampling and Preparation of Test Specimen: Equipment and Experimental Procedure: ‘Acceptance Criteria and Re-Testing.. Documentation, ANNEX C~ LABORATORY TESTING OF GALVANIC ANODE MATERIALS FOR QUALIFICATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE. 28 General : 28 Sampling and Preparation of Test Specimens..28 Equipment and Experimental Procedure ....28 Documentation.. se DET NoRske VERITASRecommended Practice DNV-RP-B401, January 2006 ‘Amended October 2005, Pages ‘ee note on front cover Det Norske VERITAS‘Amended October 2006, ‘see note on front cover 1. General 1.1 Introduetion L141 ‘Cathodic protection’ (CP) can be defined as e.g. “slee- trochemical protection by decreasing the corrosion potential fo level at which the corrosion rate ofthe meta is significantly reduced” (ISO 8044) or “a technique to reduce cortosion of & ‘metal surface by making that surface the cathode ofan electro: ‘chemical cell” (NACE RPO176). The process of suppressing the corrosion potential to a more negative potential is referred toas eathodie polarization’. 1.1.2 For galvanic anode CP systems, the anode of the electro- chemical cell is a casting of an electrachemically active alloy (normally aluminium, zine or magnesium based). This anode 18 also the current source for the CP system and will be con sumed. Accordingly itis often referred to as a “sacrificial an- ‘de as alternative fo the term ‘galvanic anode" consistently used inthis Recommended Practice (RP). For ‘impressed cure rent” CP, an inert (non-consuming) anode is used and the ex rent is supplied by a rectifier. In this RP, the cathode of the electrochemical cel (i.e. the structure, sub-system or compo= nent to receive CP) is referred 10 as the “protection object 1.13 For permanently installed offshore structures, galvanic anodes are usually preferred. The design is simple, the system is mechanically bust and no extemal current source is need- ed. In addition, inspection and maintenance during operation can largely be limited to periodic visual inspection of anode consumption and absence of visual conosive degradation However, due to weight and drag forces caused by galvanic an- ‘odes, impressed current CP systems are sometimes chosen for Permanently installed floating structures, 1.1.4 Cathodie protection is applicable for all types of metals and alloys commonly used for subsea applications. It prevents localised forms of corrosion as well as uniform corrosion at- tack, and eliminates the possibilty for galvanic corrosion When metallic materials wit different electrochemical charac- teristics are combined. However, CP may have certain detti- mental effects, for example hydrogen related cracking of certain high-strength alloys and coating disbondment a8 de- seribed in 55, 1.1.5 Cathodie protection is primarily intended for metal sur- faces permanently exposed to seawater of marine sediments. Sill, CP is often fully effective in preventing any severe cor- rosign ina tidal zone and has a corrosion reducing effect on surfaces intermittently wetted by seawater 1.2 Scope 1.2.1. This Recommended Practice (RP) has been prepared to facilitate the execution of conceptual and detailed CP design using aluminium or zine based galvanic anodes, and speciica- tion of manufacture and installation of such anodes. Whilst the requirements and recommendations are general this document contains advice on how amendments ean be made to include project specific requirements. The RP can also easily be amended to include requirements or guidelines by a regulating authority, orto reflect Owner's general philosophy on corro- sion control by CP, 1.2.2 Some of the design recommendations and methods in Sections 5, 6 and 7 are also valid for CP systems using other current sources such as magnesium anodes and rectifiers (Lc {Impressed curren) 1.23 This RP is primarily intended for CP of permanently in- slalled offshore structures associated withthe production of oi and gas. Mobile installations for oil und gas production bike Ssem-submersibes, jack-ups and mona-hull vessels ae not i- cluded in the scope ofthis document, However, to the disere- Recommended Practice ONV-RP-8401, January 2005 Page 7 tion of the user, relevant parts of this RP may be used for galvanic anode CP of such Structures as well 1.2.4 Detailed design of anode fastening devices for structural integrity isnot included inthe scape of this RP. Considerations related to safety and environmental hazards associated with galvanic anode manufacture and installation are also beyond its scope, 1.2.8 Compared tthe 1993 edition of DNV-RP-B401, design considerations for impressed current CP have been ‘deleted fiom the scope of the 2004 revision whilst the sections on an- ‘ode manufacture and installation are made more comprehen- sive. CP of submarine pipelines is further exclided fom the scope (see 15), In this revision, guidance and explanatory notes are contained in a ‘Guidance note’ to the applicable paragraph in Sections 6,7, 8 and in Annex B and C. (Most ofthe Guidance notes are based on queries on the 1993 revision of DNV-RP-B4O1 and other experience from its use. Furthermore, some informative text in the old revision has been contained in such notes) All tables and figures associated with See.6 are contained in ‘Annex A. The document has further been revised to facilitate specification of Purchaser information to Contractor, and op- tional requirements associated with CP design, manufacture and installation of anodes (see 1.3). Additional comments on revisions in this 2004 issue are made in the Ttrodiction (last paragraph) of Sections 6, 7, 8 and Annex B and C. 13 Objectives and Use 1.3.1 This RP has two major objectives. It may be used as a {uideline to Owner's or their contractors" execution of eoncep- tual or detailed CP design, and to the specification of galvante ‘ode manfatire and instalation Ima also be ued an attachment to an inquiry or purchase order specification for such work. IF Purchaser has ehosen to refer o this RP ina pute chase document, then Contractor shall consider all requize- ‘ments in Sections 6-9 of this document as mandatory, unless superseded by amendments and deviations inthe specific con- tract. Referring to this document in a purchase document, ref- erence shal also be made tothe activities for which DNV-RP- [BAOL shall apply, 12. CP design in Sections 6 and 7, anode ‘manufacture m See.8 and/or anode installation in Sec 9. 1.32 CP design, anode manufacture and anode installation are ‘ypically cartied ou by three different parties (all referred to as “Contractor ). Different partis issuing a contract (Le. Pure chaser’) may also apply. The later includes ‘Owner’ eg. for CP design and qualitcation of galvanic anode materials. For definition of contracting parties and associated terminology, see See.3. 1.33 Specification of project specific information and option- al requirements for CP detailed design, anode manufacture nd anode installation are described in 7.1.2, 81.2 and 9.1.3, 1 spectively. 1.4 Document Structure 1.4.1, Guidelines and requirements associated with conceptual and detailed CP design are contained in Sections 5, 6 and 7, ‘whilst galvanic anode manufacture and installation are covered in Sec. and Sec, respectively, Tabulated data for CP design are compiled in Annex A. Annex B and C contain recommend ed procedures for labaratary esting of anode materials for pro- duction quality control and for documentation of long-term, electrochemical performance, respectively. 15 Relation to Other DNV Documents 1.8.1 Cathodic protection of submarine pipelines is covered in DNV-RP-F1O3, Det NORSKE VERITASRecommended Practice ONV-RP-8401, January 2008 Pages Amended October 2005, '888 note on front cover 2. References 2.1 General The following standards (2.2-2.7) are referred to in this RP. The latest editions apply. 2.2 ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) ASTM G8 ‘Test Method for Cathodie Disbonding of, Pipeline Coating ASTM DI141 Specification for Substitute Ocean Seawater 2.3 DNV (Det Norske Veritas) DNV-RP-F103 Cathodic Protection of Submarine Pipelines by Galvanic Anodes 2.4 EN (European Standards) EN 10204 Metallic Products ~ Types of Inspection Documents 2.8 NORSOK NORSOK M-501 Standard for Surface Preparation and. Protective Coating 2.6 ISO (International Organization for Standardisation) 180 3506 Mechanical Properties of Corrosion-Resistant Stainless Stee! Fasteners Corrosion of Metals and Alloys; Basic Terms and Definitions Preparation of Steel Substates for Application of Paint and Related Products ~ Visual Assessment of Surface Cleanliness Part 1: Rust Grades and Preparation Grades of Uncoated Steel Substrates. Quality Management- Guidelines for Quality Plans Steel and Steet Products Documents 2.7 NACE International 180 8044 180 8501-1 180 10005, 180 10474 Inspection NACE RPO176 Corrosion Control of Steel Fixed Off shore Structures Associated with Petrole- tum Production NACE RPO387 Metallurgical and Inspection Require- ‘ments for Cast Sacrificial Anodes for Offshore Applications 3. Terminology and Definitions Party legally responsible for design, con struction and operation of the abject to reeive CP, Purchaser Party (Owmer or main contractor issuing ‘nguity or contract for CP design, anode ‘manufacture or anode installation work, (oF nominated representative, Contractor Party to whom the work (.¢. CP design, ‘node manufacture or anode installation) hhas been contracted shalt indicates a mandatory requirement. should indicates a preferred course of action. may indicates a permissible course of action, cagreediagreement refers toa written arrangement between Purchaser and Contractor (eg. as stated ina contract), report and notify refers to an action by Contractor in write ing accepted refers to a confirmation by Purchaser in acceptance ‘writing. certificate refers to the confimation of specified certified properties issued by Contractor o sop plier of metalic materials according to EN 10204:3.1.B, 180 10474'3.1-B or equivalent. purchase refers to an inguiry/tender or purchase document(s) 3.2 Definitions For the following technical items below, definitions in the text apply: eathodie protection (1.1.1), galvanic anode (1.1.2), protection object (1.1.2), polarization (1.1.1), calcareous ‘sealelayer (55.13), cathodie disbondment (5.5.1), References within parentheses refer to the applicable para- raph, For tems applicable o quality contol and CP desin parame: ters, reference tothe applicable paragraphs made in the list of abbreviations (4.1) and symbols (4.2), contract specification, as relevant Der NORSKE VERITAS‘Amended October 2005, see note on front cover, Recommended Practice ONV-RP-B401, Janvary 2005 4. Abbreviations and Symbols 4.1 Abbreviations co cathodie protection cR concession request (8.5.6) CRA corrosion resistant alloy CTOD crack tip opening displacement pe direct current DFT dy film thickness HAZ —_heataffected zone HISC hydrogen induced stress cracking (5.5.3) HV Vicker's hardness TTP inspection and testing plan (8.4.2) IPs installation procedure specification (9.2) MIP_—_-manufacture and inspection plan (8.4.2) MPS manufacture procedure specification (8.2) NDT non-destructive testing PQT production qualification test (8.3) PWHT post weld heat treatment (5.5.7) ROV remotely operated vehicle RP recommended practice SCE standard ealomel electrode (6.1.5) SMYS specified minimum yield strength UNS unified numbering system WPS welding procedure specification WPQT welding procedure qualification test ys yield strength 4.2 Symbols A(m) anode surface area (Table 10-7) Act!) cathode surface area (7.4.1) a constant in coating breakdown factor (6.4.2) b constant in coating breakdown factor (6.4.2) C(Ab) current charge associated with quality control testing of anode materials (11.3.10) tm) anode eross sectional periphery (Table 10-7) C,(Ah) (individual) anode current capacity (7.8.2) Cue(Ah) total anode eurrent capacity (7.8.2) design closed eireuit anode potential (6.5.1) EL (VY) design protective potential (7.8.2) EL(V) global protection potential (6.3.4) E,(V) (actual) anode closed ciruit potential (6.3.4) AE'(V) design driving voltage (7.8.2) = (Ahikg) anode electrochemical capacity (6.5.1) f coating breakdown factor (64.1) fy initial coating breakdown factor (6.4.4) ow ‘mean coating breakdown factor (6.4.4) fe final coating breakdown factor (6.4.4) 1A) (individual) anode current output (7.8.2) 1(A)__Gndividual) initial anode current output (7.8.2) Te(A) (individual) final anode eurcent output (7.8.2) Tw (A) total anode current output (6.3.4) Fiwei(A) total initial current output (7.8.4) Thetr(A) total final curent output (7.8.4) TA) current demand (7.4.2) K(A) inital current demand (7.4.2, 6.3.1) Page 9 eq (A) mean current demand (7.4.2) ep(A)_— final eurrent demand (7.4.2) i.(Aim) design current density (63.1) jg (Alm) design initial current density (63.1) fim (A/m®) design mean current density (6.3.5) ige(Alm?) design final curent density (63.1) Lm anode length (Table 10-7) M,(kg) total net anode mass (7.7.1) m,(kg) (individual) net anode mass (7.8.3) ‘m4; (kg) individual) intial net anode mass (7.9.3) smye(kg) (individual) final net anode mass (7.9.3) N number of anodes (7.8.1) F(m) anode radius (Table 10-7) R, (ohm) (individual) anode resistance (6.6.1) R,j(ohm) (individual) anode initial resistance (7.9.2) Ryr(ohm) —_(individusl) anode final resistance (7.9.2) Ry joe(ohm) total anode resistance (6.3.4) Sim) arithmetic mean of anode length and width (Tabte 10-7), fe(ohmm) — seawaterisediment resistivity (6.7.1) ty(yeats) design life (6.4.4) u anode utilisation factor (6:8) Aw (g) weight loss associated with quality contol te ing of anode materials (113.10) 5. General CP Design Considerations (Informative) 5.1 General S.1-1 This section addresses aspects of cathodie protection Which are primarily relevant to CP conceptual design, includ ing the compatibility of CP with metallic materials and co ings. The content ofthis ction i informative a ature and intended as guidelines for Owners and their contractors prepar- ing for conceptual or detailed CP design. Nothing inthis sec- tion shall be considered as mandatory if this RP has been referred to in a purchase document 5.1.2 Compared tothe 1993 revision of this RP, the major r= visions of this 2004 revision are contained in 5.3, 52 Limitations of CP 521 For carbon and low-alloy steels, cathodic protection should be considered as technique for corrosion contral, ath- er than to provide immunity (11-1), It follows that cathodic protection is not an alternative to corrosion resistant alloys for components with very high dimensional tolerances, e.g. se ing assemblies associated with subsea production systems. 5.3 Environmental Parameters Affecting CP 53.1 The major seawater parameters affecting CP in-situ are dissolved oxygen content ~ temperature marine growth salinity In addition, variations in seawater pH and carbonate content are considered factors which affet the formation of ealeareous layers associated with CP and ths the current needed to achieve and to maintain CP of bare metal surfaces. In seabed DET NORSKE VERITASRecommended Practice ONV-RP-B401, January 2005 Page 10 sediments, the major parameters are: temperature, bacterial farovth, slinity and sediment coarseness. 53.2 The above parameters are interrelated and vary with ge- ‘graphical location, depth and season. Ii not feasible to give an exact relation between the seawater environmental parame: ters indicated above and cathodic eurrent demands to achieve and fo maintain CP. To rationalise CP design for marine appli- Cations, default design current densities, ig (Alm?), are defined in this document based om 1) climatic regions (related to mean seawater surface temperature) and 2) depth. The ambient sea- ‘Water temperature and salinity determine the specific seawater resistivity. p (chm 'm), which is used to calculate the anode re- sistance, Ry (ohm), a controlling factor forthe current output from an andde. 54 Protective Potentials 5.41 A potential of- 0.80 V relative tothe Ag/AgCV seawater reference electrode is generally accepted as the design protec- tive potential E,”(V) for earbon and lov-allay steels Tt has been argued that a design protective potential of - 0.90 V. should apply in anaerobic environments, including ¥ypical ses- water sediments, However, in the design procedure advised in this RP, the protective potential is nota variable, 5.4.2. Fora correctly designed galvanic anode CP system, the protection potential will for the main par ofthe design life be Inthe range - 0.90 to 1.05 (V). Towards the end of the service life the potential inereases rapidly towards - 0.80 (V), and eventually to even less negative values, referred to as “under- protection’. The term “over-protection’ is only applicable to protection potentials more negative than = 11S (V}. Such po- fentials wil not apply for CP by galvanic anodes based on Al ordn 5.5 Detrimental effeets of CP 55.1 Cathodic protection will be accompanied by the forma: tton of hydroxyl ions and hydrogen atthe surface of the pro- tected object. These products may cause disbonding of non- ‘metallic coatings by mechanisms including chemical dissolu- tion and electrochemical reduction processes at the metalcoat ing interface, possibly including build-up of hydrogen pressure at this interface. This process of coating deterioration iste ferred to as “cathodic disbonding’. On components containing ht fluids, the process is accelerated by heat flow tothe metal coating interface 55.2 Coatings applied to machined oras-delivered surfaces of Corrosion resistant alloys (CRAs) are particulary prone to thodie disbonding, However, with ‘surface preparation to Achieve an optimus surface roughness, some coating systems (ex: those based on epoxy or polyurethane) have shown good resistance to cathodie disbonding by galvanic anode CP, when applied to CRA as well a8 to carbon and low-alloy steel. For coating systems whose compatibility with galvanic anode CP is not well documented, Owner should consider carrying out ‘qualification testing, including laboratory testing of resistance to cathodic disbondment. Testing of marine coatings’ resist- ance to cathodic disbondment has been standardised, e.g in ASTM G8 5.5.3 Cathodic protection will eause formation of atomic hy- mand eure ot ra onl ano) aac re ced 10% ofthe design driving voltage. Inno ese shal the Fesitance arose a conn cable exeed 0, ohn 7.124 Foranodes intended for cathode protection of gonerete rebar, special provisions are required fo ensure electrical con- tina. 7.13 Documentation 7.13.1 The detailed engineering documentation (“CP deteiled design report’) shal contain the following stems: Design premises (nel reference to all relevant project specifications, codes and standards) Sorfce are elton / (inl, reference to all relevant drawings, inel, revision numbers) Current demand calculations (initialfinal and mean) Current dain calculations (if applicable), (Gnital/fnal and mean) Calculations of minimum required net anode mass Anode resistance calculations {Gnital andor final, as relevant) Calculations of misimum number of anodes required (incl. anode eurrent output and anode capacity for initial and final life of system) Calculation of net anode mass based on required number ‘of anodes (if higher than required net anode mass) Calculation of total curren output based on number and DET NORSKE VERITAS.‘Amended October 2008, 28 note on front cover typelsize oF anodes tobe installed Tenfative anode design (inc. any special provisions for structural integrity and electrical continu, Any requir ‘nent for ulation factors higher than the defaat wale inTable 10-8 shall be highlighted) Anode disrbution drawings Provisions fr eletialcontinty including verification by testing applicable) 7.132 For a conceptual CP design report, the scope shall be agreed, 7.133 The documentation shall be suTiiently well organised and detailed to allow third party verification and possible fi. ture calculations fr life extension or retrofit, 8. Anode Manufacture 8.1 General 8.1.1 This section covers the manufacture of galvanic anodes, including preparation of anode cores prio to casting. The te- ‘quirements. inthis section comply ‘with those in NACE RPO387, giving some amendments, primary related to quality contra 8.12 Besides any reference to this RP in a “purchase docu- ment’ (see 1 3.1, the following snfomstion and any optional ferements (intended a8 cet) shal be eneceed By Purchaser Information: — anode material type (i, aluminium or zine-base) and any special requirements to chemical composition (i. other ‘than specified in 6.5.1) and to qualification of anode mate- rial (5.63) fentaive anode dimensions and net anode mass for each anode type and any special requirements to anode fasten Ing devices (7.10) Requirements (optional any special requirements for anode utilisation factor (6.8) — any special requirements for pre-production qualifieation testing (PQT), including schedule for notification and sup- ply of documentation (8.3.2:8,3.4) any special requirements for ‘manufacturing procedure specification’ (MPS) (8.2) ot “inspection and testing plan” (ITP) (8.4.2), including schedule for supply of documen- tation, any special requirements for frequeney of dimensional testing (8.6.2), destructive testing (8.6.5) and eleetrochem- ical testing (86.6) during production any specific requirements For Contractor's management of ‘non-conformities (8.6.10) and concession requests (8.5.6) any reduced requirements for traceability (8.5.1, 8.5.10) — any requirements for retaining of anode material speci mens (8.6.1) any special requirements for marking of anodes (8.7.1) any special requirements for handling, storage and ship- ping of anodes (8.8.1) any special requirements for final documentation, includ- ing schedule for supply (8.7.4) any further amendments and deviations to this RP. 8.1.3 Unless otherwise agreed, electrochemical testing of gal- Vanie anode materials for quality control shall be carried out according to Annex B. The testing procedure for documenta tion of long-term performance in Annex C is, however, non ‘mandatory and shall be specified by Purchaser inthe purchase document, iFapplicable Recommended Practice ONV-RP-B401, January 2005 Page 19 8.1.4 Compared to the 1993 revision ofthis RP, the require- ‘ments fo quality conttol associated with anode manufacture, both mandatory and optional to Purchaser, have been extend 8.2 Manufacturing Procedure Specification 8.2.1 Unless otherwise agreed, a “manufacturing procedure ‘specification’ (MPS) shall be prepared for purchase orders oF 15,000 kg net alloy or more. However, Purchaser may also specify an MPS forsmaller orders. The MPS shall include asa specification of anode core materials receipt, handling and storage of materials ‘maximum and/or minimum contents of anode material al- loying elements and maximum contents of impurity ele- detailed anode drawing, with anode inserts, including _grossinet weight and dimensional/weight tolerances (see ‘comment below inthis paragraph) ~ welding procedure specification and reference to quaifi- cation test (WPQT) for any welding of anode cores, and qualification requicements for welders — preparation of anode cores prior to casting anode casting, including control of temperature and addi- tion of alloying elements inspection and testing of anodes ~ coating of surfaces facing protection object (not stand-off type anodes) handling, storage and shipping of anodes ‘marking, traceability and documentation, ‘The detailed anode design shall ensure that anode intemal cores are not significantly exposed and support the remaining. anode mass when the anode is consumed tothe utilisation face tor as specified in Table 10-8, or any less conservative (te higher) factor specified by Purchaser 8.2.2 Purchaser may specify that detailed procedutes for test- ing/inspection and other information relevant to quality control are also included in the MPS, e.g. detailed procedures for in= spection and testing, handling of non-conformances and cession requests. Purchaser may further specify that the MPS shall be submitted for review and acceptance prior 10 com: mencement of anode manufacture 83 Pre-Production Qualification Testing 83.1 The primary objective of ‘pre-production qualification testing’ (PQT) is fo verify thatthe MPS is adequate fo achieve the specified anode properties. OF particular interest are those aspects that require destrative testing and hence cannot be fe quently verified during regular production, The POT shall use the same specie mates and equipment as for regular ro- 83.2 Unless otherwise agro, s POT shall be prepared for @ Purchase order of 15,000 kg ne alloy or more: However Pus Ehaser may also specitya BOT for sae orders 83.3 Specific requirements to the PQT, including eg. number of anodes to be inspected for each mould (including those for destructive examination), schedule for notification and report- ing shall be specified inthe purchase documents, 83.4 An MPS and an ‘inspection and test plan’ (ITP, see 8.4.2) specific for the PQT. together with a detailed schedule for anode casting, inspection andor testing, and reporting shall be submited to Purchaser ina timely manner (as per the pu chase document) prior to start-up of the qualification activities. 8.3.5 Data sheets and calibration cettifieates for instruments essential to quality control (e.g. temperature sensors) shall be available for Purchaser's review during the POT. Der Nors VERITASRecommended Practice ONV-RP-8401, January 2005 Page 20 ‘Amended October 2006, '8ee noie on front cover {83.6 Results ftom all inspection, testing and calibrations dur ing qualification, recordings of essential operational parame- ters for casting and material certificates shall be complled ina PQT report. Unless otherwise agreed, the report shall be ac- cepted by Purchaser prior to start of prodiction, 8.4 Quality Control of Production 8.4.1 Prior to start-up of regular production (i. for purchase corders of 15,000 kg net alloy of more, or for higher/lower guamiis as agreed on, see 8.2.1, Contractor shal submit the iollowing documents to Purchaser for acceptance 4 project specific MPS, updated to reflect the process pa- Tameters used during the completed and accepted POT 63) ~ GR) esi nastion and eingolag (TP) up Gated to reflect the process parameters used during the completed and accepted POT “dally log’ format (see 86.11) 4 description of responsibilities of personnel involved in quality contol 8.4.2 The ITP shall meet the general requirements of ISO 0005, Sec 5.10 t shall bein tabular form, defining all quality control activities associated with receipt of materials, prepara tion of anode cores, casting, inspection, testing and marking OF anodes. The activities shal be listed in consecutive order, with each activity assigned a unique number and with reference to the applicable codes, standards and Contractor's procedures or work instructions, applicable tothe specific project. Further: more, frequency and/or extent of inspection and testing, a0 ceptance etiteria and actions in the ease of non-conformances shall be defined inthe plan. The ITP shall further contain a col tum for inspection codes, (e.g nspection, witnessing and hold Points) indicating the involvement of Contractor, Purchaser and any 3® party. It is good practice to include a reference t0 the applicable reporting form or document, and to refer to the speci equipment or tools to be used for verification, 8.4.3 The MPS, ITP, and “daly log" shall be in English, unless otherwise agreed. 8.4.4 Procedures and work instructions referenced in the ITP, and applicable acceptance criteria, shal be available tall per= sons concerned with the associated work in their native fan- ‘guage, 848 Purchaser shall have the right to inspect any activity as- sociated with the work throughout production and to carry out audits of Contractor's QA / QC system. Purchaser shall ident- fy any hold points for witnessing in the ITP and inform Con- tractor accordingly 85. Materials, Fabrication of Anode Inserts and Casting of Anodes 85.1 Anode insert materials shall meet all quirements in [NACE RP0387 and unless otherwise agreed, inserts for weld ing o the protection object shall be traceable toa certificate ac- cording to EN 10204, 3.1.8 of ISO 10474, 5.1.8. 85.2 Contractor shall verify that all materials received for an ‘ode manufacture are in accordance with the specified require ‘ments. The verification may include actual testing or review of supplier's certificates. Review of certificates and any verifica- tion testing to be performed by Contractor shall be included in the ITP. Any materials checked and found non-conforming, shall be marked and quarantined. 8.5.3, Materials to be used for surface preparation and coating Shall be contained in their ofiginal packing until use and shall be adequately marked, including: — manufacturer's name and location of manufacture — material type and product designation bateivlot number date of manufacturing (and shelf lite, if applicable) manufacture standard (itapplicable) — instruction for storage and handling (including health and safety notes). 85.4 Contractor shall ensure that any materials for coating and surface preparation are stored and handled so as 19 avoid damage by the environment or other effects. Suppliers ecom- ‘mendations for storage and use shall be readily available for Purchaser's review. 85.8 All fabrication welding of stcel inserts and surface prep aration before casting shall meet the requirements in NACE RPO387 and shall be subject to visual inspection just prior to casting, 85.6 All work associated with preparation of anode cores and casting of anodes shall be carried out according tothe qualified MPS Gf applicable), describing equipment and procedures to be used. Once the MPS has been qualified, any changes shal be formally accepted by Purchaser through @ concession re- quest (CR). 8.8.7 Equipment for monitoring of process parameters critical to quality (e.g. temperature sensors) shall be calibrated at scheduled intervals as specified in the ITP 85.8 No heat treatment is allowed for galvanic anodes of zine for aluminjum-zine-indium type 85.9 Coating of fish mounted type anodes shall be applied according to a coating procedure and after visual inspection for surface defeets has been completed, 8.5.10 Unless otherwise agreed, all anodes produced shall be traceable to certificates for anode core materials and to coating materials, if applicable 8.6 Inspection and Testing of Anodes 8.6.1 Sampling for chemical analyses shall be earried out ac cording to NACE RP0387 and for each “anode heat" (i.e after all alloying and homogenisation is completed, except for alu ‘minium based anodes, for which samples shall be collected for all heats exceeding 500 kg (unless otherwise agreed). For spec ttometric analyses of anade chemical composition, reference standards with a known chemical composition (ie. for the Specified contents ofall alloying and impurity elements) cer fied by an independent party shall be used. Purchaser shall have the right to require anode sample material for verification testing in an independent laboratory, orto present samples for testing by Purchaser. Purchaser may further specify that Con. tractor shall retain sample material for any adetional chemical analyses and/or electrochemical testing. All snodes produced from a testing fot not meeting the specified composition shall be rejected 8.6.2 Verification of anode weight and dimensions shall be cartied out with the frequency and avceptance criteria spec fied in NACE RPO387. Positions of protrading inserts shall comply with tolerances in manufacturer's drawing and shall be checked for a minimum of 10% af the anodes of specific de- Sign Purchaser may specify extended inspection of anode di mensional tolerances. 8.6.3 Inspection for cracks and other surface irregularities shall be carried out on all anodes with the acceptance criteria as specified in NACE RPO387, with the following amend: {or ine based anodes, no cracks visible to the naked eye ate acceptable cracks tha are seen to penetrate to anode inserts are not ae DET NORSKE VERITAS‘Amended October 2008, '8ee note on front cover cepted ~ within the section fully supported by anode inserts, cracks of a width greater than 2mm are only accepted if the length is maximum 100 mm, 8.6.4 Any coating applied shall be visually inspected on all anodes concerned. Spill o cating on surfaces not intended for coating shall be emmoved, 8.65 Unless otherwise agreed, a minimum of two anodes of cach size shall be subject to desteuctive testing to verify abe sence of intemal defects and adequate location of anode in- serts, The cutting procedure and acceptance criteria in NACE RPO387 shall apply. Such testing shall be caried out as part of the PQT, if applicable. Ifno POT is to be performed, testing should be carried out during the fist day of production. Own= exfputchaser shall have the right to select anodes for testing Any batchwise destructive testing of anodes cing production shall be specified in the purchase order. 866 As a minimum, eletochemical testing shall be per formed ss apart of a POT of first day production test for put chase orders exceeding 15,000 kg of net anode material and for each futher 15,000 kg of prodiction. Owner/purchaser may Specify extended testing anion 3" party testing 8.6.7 When electrochemical testing applies, sampling for test ing shall be caried out foreach heat produced ref. 11.2.1, Ane nex B. (For definition of heat, see 8.6.1). Unless oiherwise agreed, the testing shall be caried out aecording t the proce dure in Annex B and the following acceptance criteria shall ap ply: Aluminium based anodes: electrochemical capacity: minimum 2,500 Ahik closed cireit potential: 1.05 V at end of the 4 od, Zine based anodes: clectrochemical capacity: minimum 780 Ahikg, closed cireut potential: = 1.00 V at end ofthe 4 testing peri= od, testing peri Inthe ease of failure to meet specified electrochemical proper ties, Contractor shall immediately issue a aon-conformance re port 8.6.8 Failures during testing which are obviously due to de- fective sampling or operational errors of testing equipment may be disregarded and testing repeated on the same anode (sample). 8.6.9 In case of failure during fractional testing of other prop- erties than electrochemical performance (e.g. destructive test ing of one per 50 anodes), the preceding and following anodes shall be tested individually until atleast 3 successive anodes are acceptable. 8.6.10 In case of repeated failures to meet specified properties {i, other than electrochemical performance), production shall bbe discontinued and Contractor shall issue. ‘non-conformance report” and the cause ofthe failure shall be determined. Non- conforming anodes (individual of lots) shall be marked and quarantined. For failures during electrochemical testing, see M143, Annex B 8.6.11 All data from inspection and testing of anodes and cal ibration of testing and monitoring equipment shal be noted in the “daly log’, For anode specific dat, reference shall be made to the unique anode number or heat (87.2). The log shall be updated ona daily basis and shall be available for Purchaser's review at any ime during manicure, Recommended Practice DNV-RP-8401, January 2005 Page 21 8.7 Documentation and Marking 8.74. Asa minimum, each anode shall be marked with manu- facturer’s name or symbol, anode material (e.g. "A" for alts ‘minium, °Z’ for zine), heat number and serial number, Any further requirements for marking shall be specified inthe pur chase document, 8.7.2 All results from inspection and testing during POT (it applicable) and production shall be documented and shall be traceable to a unique anode number (or batch of anodes, as ap. plicable), certificates for anode core materials an costing mac {sis f applicable, Foe specific requirements fo dally Tog see 8.1L 8.7.3 Contractor shall issue an inspection document according 1WEN 10204 of ISO 10474, inspection certificate 3 1.8 8.7.4 Purchaser may specify requirements to final documenta tion, additional to those in NACE RPO3B7; eg. dacumentation to be supplied to Purchaser (including format and schedule) and Contractor's retaining of documentation exceeding 2 years {minimum requirement in NACE RPOSS?), 8.8 Handling, Storage and Shipping of Anodes 8.8.1 Any additional requirements to those in NACE RPO387 shal be specified in the purchase document. 9. Installation of Anodes 9.1 General 9.1.1 Installation of galvanic anodes on offshore structures will normally involve Welding and sometimes also clamping of anode suppor to suc sel components fa the later case, electrical continuity is typically provided by a copper ea. bie, attached tothe anode support and the protection abject by brazing, or by some special mechanical connection designed t9 censure a reliable electrical continuity. Electrical continuity 2 bles may also be installed to provide electrical contiuity to components of @ CP unit without reliable eleceical connection to anodes by welds, metallic seals or threaded couplings. The design requirements for such connections in 712 shall apply. 9.1.2 Considerations of the mechanical integrity of anode fas- {ening devices during installation and operation ofthe applica blestructures and any special requirements shall be included in the CP detailed design repor, For large anodes, the design may include use of doubler and/or gusset plates. No welding or brazing to pressure containing components shal be performed ‘Thermite welding is not recommended for CRAs. Alternative ‘methods lke pin brazing or soft soldering may be considered. 9.1.3 Besides any reference to this RP in a ‘purchase docu ment” (See 1.3.1), the following information and any optional Fequirements (intended as a check-lst) shall be enclosed by Purchaser: Information: — anode drawings from detailed CP design, or by manufac turer if completed — drawings from detailed CP design showing location ofin- dividual anodes, Requirements (optional) any requirement for preparation of an IPS (9.2) — any special requirements for documentation (9.7.2) — any further amendments to and deviations from this RP. Der Norske VERITASRecommended Practice DNV-RP-8401, January 2005 Page 22 9.2 Installation Procedure Specification 9.2.1 Contractor may specify that all work related to anode in sallation shall be described in an “installation procedure spec ification’ (IPS). [f applicable, this document shall include as ¢ — specification of materials and equipment to be used, in- cluding certificates and material data sheets receipt, handling and storage of anodes and materials for anode installation reference to welding andlor brazing procedure specifi tions and qualification of personnel carrying out weldingy brazing — inspection and testing of anode fastening ‘documentation of materials and inspection records 9.3. Qualification of installation 9.3.1 All welding associated with anode installation shall be ‘qualified according to a recognised standard. Only gulified welders and/or operators of brazing equipment shall be used, 94 Receipt and Handling of Anodes 9.4.1 All anodes supplied by Purchaser shall be inspected by Contactor to confirm compliance with anode drawings and 10 confirm no significant damage or other adverse effects. Non. conforming anodes and other materials shall be quarantined. 9.4.2 Contractor shall ensure that anodes and other materials for anode installation are stored and handled so a5 to avoid damage by environment or other effects 9.8. Anode Installation and Provisions for Electrical Continuity 9.5.1 Installation of anodes shall be caried out according to drawings approved for construction, showing locations of in- dividual anodes and any other relevant specifications fo fabri cation of the protection object, All welding associated with ‘anode installation shall be carried out according to the qual, fied WPS and by qualified welders. ‘Amended October 2005, ‘ee nole on front cover 9.8.2 Any significant changes of anode installation from ap= proved drawings shall be approved by Purchaser, However, for fase of installation, stand-off anodes to be mounted on struce tural components may be displaced laterally not more than one anode length and cireumferentially max. 30°, 9.8.3 For welding of anodes to components subject to high ex- temal loads, welded connections shall be placed at least 130 ‘am away from other welds, and minimum 600 mm away from structural nodes of jacket sirutures, 9.8.4 Installed anodes shall be adequately protected during any subsequent coating work. Any spill of coating on anodes shall be removed. For coated objects, exposed anode cores shall be coated tothe same standard 9.6 Inspection of Anode Installation 9.6.1 Inspection of anode installation shall, as a minimum, clude visual examination of welds and any brazed connections, For welding to structural components, farther NDT may apply in accordance with the applicable fabrication specification. 9.6.2 Subsequent to completed anode installation, compliance with drawings for anode installation shall be confirmed 9.6.3 For brazed and mechanical connections for electrical continuity, measurements shall be caried out according to a documented procedire and with an instrument capable of ver ifying an electrical resistance of 0.1 ohm maximum, 9.7 Documentation 9.7.1 ‘The final location of anodes shall be documented on as- boii drawings. 9.7.2 Measurements for verification of electrical continuity shail be documented. 9.7.3 Purchaser may specify further requitements tothe anode Installation documentation. Det Norske VERITAS‘Amended October 2006, Recommended Practice ONV-RP-B401, Janvary 2005 ‘S08 note on front cover Page 23 10. Annex A — Tables and Figures 10.1 Tables and Figures Table 1041 Recommended lial and final design current denies (Am!) fr seawater exposed bare metal surfaces ava Tancton oF depth and etimatic region’ based on surface water temperature (ef. 6.3), Tropeal ‘Sis Tropical™ Tempera” ree" Dept CBS (12.20%). orre re ‘nial [final —| at —| — final | ria final | — initial | Fnad 030 0.150 [0.100 | 0.170 | ~o1r10 [0.200 | 0.130] 0280] a9 330.106 0120 | 000 | 0.140 [0090 [0170 —] 0.110 | 0200 | 0 100300 140 | 0080 T0160 | a.t10 [0150] — 0140 [0320 | 0.70 5300) iso [0130] 0200 aso [0200 | a0 0390] 00 Table 102 Recommended mean design current densities (Nm! for seawater exposed bare metal surfaces, as a fonction of depth and ‘climatic region’ based on surface water temperature (ret. 6.3). Derik “Tropical "Sis roca Tempera re is ERS 00 tari ero 030 a7 0080 0.100 2.30 S30-100 00 770 80 200 $100-300 0070 0.090 0050 O10 2300 2050 D100 an) ano Table 10-3 Recommended mean design current densities for protection of reinforcing steel (oe. in concrete Nructuresy av 3 Tancion of depth and ‘climatic region” based on surface water temperature (ef 63.12). The current densities in Alon? refer tothe ste! reinforcement surface area, not surface area of concrete. Depth “Tropical Web Tropical “Tenperate Arete ‘on EBS (220°C) oP are 030 008s O01 0.0070 ‘00 330-106 0020 ‘0.0010 ‘0008 0.0006 100 (0.010 2.0008 ‘0.0006 0.006 Table 10-4 Recommended constantsa and for eaeulation of | [Table 0-6 Recommended deign cecrochemical capaci and aint coating breakdown factors, design closed circuit potenti for anode materials at seawater (Coating Categories are defined In 6.4.6). ambient temperatures (ref. 65). ‘Recommended aan vals for ‘Anode Material | Environment | Eletrochen- | Closed Grea Depth Coating Categories | hand 6 64.2) pe ‘eal Capac | “Potent oo 1 7 ry ks) fa= 0s | wooo | wor Avbacg LSawatee | 2,00 O30 b=0.10 | ~b=0025 —[b=00i2 ‘sedinens [1.500 S30 b= 00s | b= 001s 008 Seawaler a0 2ebased | sedimenis | 700 Table 1S Recommended composKlonal Timi for ACbased and Znbased anode materials (ef 65). iyi impurity base base “erg Zara i Zn em Bas AL 10030, ‘em mn a os-00%0 ca Z067 20002 Si a S002 Fe Zoos 5009 cu 50.005 = 0.003 Pb $0,006 a DET Norske VERITASRecommended Practice DNV-RP-8401, January 2005 Poge 2 ‘Amended October 2008, ‘see note on front cover (nie 1027 Recommended Anode RetanceFormilae fr CF Design Caeaatons Anode Type essance Formula Long slender stand-of 1 cede ee Short slender standofP tear [Tong fash mounted r2'wiath C3 thickness 2 Short fush-mousted, braceletand |p _ 0315-p other pes oe TT) The sation svat fer annie wh mii rinitsn 0.18 mths aon may Be 2) _Fornom-ylindniea spade: x whe tn isa 0.30 a paciian ojo For anode acc Untancs o han 030 mB Splice witha conecuontecaret 13 os the ana rss ston perighas sity (em) “Table 10 Recommended Anode Utilisation Factors for CP Design Calevlations, Anode T3 rade Uilzaion Facor Tong slender stand-off esp Lede G3 Sin (4) Short sender Sand-ofF eae cs Long Mash mounted Syd and oss ox E thekness \ Short fush-mounted, Bracelet [and oher types. os os h fon Ea Ey Tenge (0) Figure 1041 Seawater resistivity asa function of temperature for salinity 3040 0% DET NoRsKE VearTas:‘Amended October 2005, ‘ee note on front cover Recommended Practice ONV-RP-8401, January 2005 Page 25 11. Annex B - Laboratory Testing of Galvanic Anode Materials for Quality Control 11.1 General M.L1 This laboratory test procedure is intended for quality control of Al-base and Zn-base anode materials during mami- facture of galvanic anodes. Tn this Annex, the definitions of Owner, Putchaser and Contractor (ie. anode manufactres) tn 3.1 apply. Guidance note: The results from testing according to this procedure are not ap- plicable to cathode protection design becue eleceochemel Sata fom shorter testing, typraly using high anodic cure ‘enstes will tend to be non-conservative with espeet tothe ‘ual long-term performance inthe el medina Gilden cenoten 11.1.2 The testing shall be performed aecording toa detailed procedure describing all relevant steps. For testing at the premises of Contractor, Owner/Putchaser shall have the right to witness the testing 3 All requirements ofthis procedure shall be considered «as mandatory, unless deviations have been agreed, see 8.1 ‘Owner/Purchaser may, however, choose to specify an alterna. tive tet procedure, 11.1.4 Compared tothe 1993 revision ofthis document, some amendments have been made, primarily regarding sampling of testing material, Moreover, a detailed testing procedure 1s re- «quired for quality control purposes. Use of 3% NaCl solution as altemative to natural or synthetic seawater isnot allowed in the 2004 revision, Acceptance criteria have Tuther been i cluded in 8.6.6. Other revisions are for claification or simpli Fieation only 11.2 Sampling and Preparation of Test Specimens. 11.2.1 Uniess otherwise specified, quality control of electro- chemical properties (ie. electrochemical efficiency and losed-circuit anode potential) shall be carried out for each 15,000 kg of anodes produced. Sampling for potential testing (by separate mini-castings) shall, however, be performed for each heat of anode material produced. All samples for testing shall have adequate marking. For eetainment of samples, see 8.6.1. Owner/Purchaser shall have the right to select sample '2. based on a review of chemical composition of the individual heats, Guidance note: “The ndvidual heat are sometimes much smaller than 15,000 kg and its the essential that the tesung i performed ona eat hat 's representative for all hose produced. Hence, the het selected should ave contents of alloying andor impurity hements inthe lower and upper ranges respectively, endo Gridamernnote 11.2.2 Cylindrical test specimens with a diameter of 10 mm + 1mm and a length of 50 mm + 5 ram shall be prepared by machining of samples. hole of about mm diemetr shall be died and tapped on one end for connection ofa titanium sup- port rod. The specimen shall subsequently be rinsed in tap wa. ter followed by ethanol, dried and weighed to an accuracy of £0.1me. 11.2.3 The specimens shall be adequately marked throughout all Sages of preparation, storage and testing. 11.3 Equipment and Experimental Procedure 1.3.1. After mounting of the support rod, the specimen ends and the part of the rod exposed tothe test solution shall be coat- ed witha suitable sealing compound such as poy flue o silicon rubber 11.3.2 The testing solution shall be natural seawater (oF ade- uate purity anda salinity of minimum 30%) o syahti sea Water according fo ASTM D141 Guidance noe: Seawater consiuents ther thin chloride, supa, bicarbonate carbonate, sotum, clium and magacsm fs Kavos nti eleceecherical performance galvanic ads: and ay be omited when preparing synthetic seater Tap wae a ‘ceptable for preparation of the solution, ” —etdnoGubdamee note 11.3.3 A minimum of 10 lites per test specimen shall be use. ‘The solution shall be continuously purged with air and shall fot be exchanged during the test period. The temperature shall be maintained at 20" 3°C. 11.3.4 Each specimen shall be suspended in the centre of an uncoated cylindrical steel container (eg. made ofa pipe see tion), the wetted surface area of which shall be minimum 20 timgs the exposed anode specimen area, i.e, minimum 400 Gi approximately. The general amangerent shown Fig 11.35 Galvanostatic control shall be affected by means of a DC constant current source, capable of controlling the current according 11.3.7 below. The specimen and the ethode shall be coupled tothe positive and negative rectifier terminals, = spectively. Multipe testing cells may be conmected in series to fone DC source 11.3.6 A current integrator, e.g. a copper coulometer or an electronic device capable of determining the total discharged current oan accuracy of + 2%, shal be inserted into the circuit containing one ar more test cells i eeu 11.3.7 The current through the cell(s shall be adjusted to pro- vide' anodic current densities, based on the initially exposed surface area, in accordance with te following scheme: Day 1: 1.3 mAlem? Day2: 0 mavem? Day3: 40 mavem? Day 4: 1S maven? The current density shall be controlled to an accuracy of 0.1 mAVem? and shall be maintained fora period of 24 hours + | hour. The total testing time shall be 96 hours £4 outs. 11.3.8 At the end of each testing period, the anode potential shall be measured at thre positions per specimen. A standard reference electrode (silver silver chloride or calomel) with an electrolyte bridge (e-e. a Luggin capillary) shall be used. The "up ofthe bridge shall be positioned within | mm from the spec- men surface, however, without disturbing any’ corrosion prod. ucts formed on the anode specimen. Reference electrodes shall be calibrated at intervals not exceeding one week Potential cordings using a reference electrode other than “AgiAgCI/sea- water” (eg. 2 SCE) shall be converted to this reference 113.9 Aer ompletion ofthe ful est period, the suppor rod and sealing compound skal be removed and the Slectoen leaned af corrosion prodicsAluminam-based specimens Shall be ctened for min at 80°C ma solution of 20g chro. tiumtioxide and 30m phosphoric aid pe ive watet Zine. tased specimens shall he immersed for 2 hous na saad Det Norske VERITasRecommended Practice ONV-RP-8401, January 2005, Page 26 ‘Amended October 2005, '8e0 nole on front cover ammonium chloride solution at ambient temperature, Speci- ‘mens shall subsequently be rinsed in tap water, thereafter in ethanol and weighed to an accuracy of + 0.1 mg. 113.10 The electrochemical efficiency, ¢ (Atv), shall be 30 Me. Temperature may be allowed fo vary in the range + 7°C to + 20°C. Temperature and salinity of seawa- ter shall be recorded at least once per week. ‘The test shall be configured as outlined in Annex B, however, there shal be a continuous exchange of seawater in the cell (coinimum nin). The seawater shall be continuously purged ‘with at Guidance noe: Variations in seawater temperature in the range above are not considered 0 afect the eleetrachemical performance of anos ‘atrial significantly. However, lower temperatures ae some limes believed to rede the performance and purchasers oft tes may require documentation of "ahode materials Performance st sich temperatures dm Gadoncomets 123.3 Testing may be performed cither with galvanostatic control or asa “free-running test’, The testing time shall be ‘minimum 12 months, Guidance note: Freesunning’, implies thatthe anode'athode assembly i a lowed io polarize spontancously during te text The driviag volt age and eae the anole current density wil hus vary dusts test Fora ‘palvanosate’ test, the node potental controlled Throughout the texting period odo Garhancenn-ote 12.3.4 With galvanostatic cgntrol, the anodie current density shall be maximum I mAVem? based on te initial exposed an ‘ode surface area. The integrated current (efor minimum 12 ‘ionths) may be determined as for 11.3.6 in Annex B but man- ual readings minimum once per day and S days per week for the first two weeks, thereafter once per Week, will suffice. Re ‘ordings of snode potential (se 11.3.8, Annex B) shal be per- formed with x minimum frequency as for manual current readings 1235 Fora free-running test, the anode and cathode shall be connected over a 10 ohm + 1 chm precision resistance (Actual resistance to be recorded with an accuracy of + 0.2 ohm). The inner uncoated cathode surface area shall be approximately 30 times the exposed anode surface area. The outer surface shall be coated to achieve a defined surface area of about 1:30. ‘The current shall be calculated from meusurements of te volt- age drop across the precision resistance using & high imped ance 2 107 ohm) voltmeter, Measurements of anode potential cathode potential and cell curent shall be eatried ot at maxi ‘mum intervals as specified above, 12.36 Reference electrodes used for recordings of anode po- tential shall be ealbrated at regular intervals (minimum once per month). After completed test, the specimens shall be Der NORSKE VERITAS‘Amended October 2005, ‘ee note on front cover Recommended Practice DNV-RP-8401, January 2005 ‘leaned and the electrochemical efficiency calculated as in 11.39 and 113.10, Annex B. 12.4 Documentation 12.4.1 The test report shall contain relevant data on smelting and casting of anodes and location of tes specimens. Contents of lloying and impurity elements shall be specified with nom- inal and guaranteed contents asa reference 12,42. Average, and maximum/minimum salinity and temper- ature of seawater shall be reported, Page 29 12.4.3 Sampling, specimen preparation, marking, testing equipment, calibrations and recordings of data shall be de- sered in ihe report Anode potentials (versus Ap AgCi/sea- ate) shal be dpeyes graphically as function of ne, For fs rnning ets hc alee ane ent des se on onginal exposed surface rea) and the cathode poten Shall so be even in gophical for 12.4.4 Data from measurements of anode weight loss shall be ‘inchided in the report in addition to the calevlated electro. ‘chemical efficiency (in Ab/kg). Mean valve and standard devi- ation shall be reported. Photographs of anode specimens prior to, and after cleaning, shall be included, Det Norske VeRiTasRecommended Practice DNV-RP-8401, January 2005 ‘Amended October 2005, Page 30 '8ee note on front cover Der Norske VexiTasONY Otfshore Codes, Amendments and Corrections, April 2005 Secd ~ Page 21 SECTION 4 RECOMMEND! DNV-RP-A202: Documentation of Offshore Projects, Ji wary 2001 Sec.1 Page 6 (Amended October 2001) Insert in Table I-1, between LIET and NSP. ‘MODU 1989 MODU Code as amended 1991 ‘See. Page 7 (Amended October 2001) In Table 2-1, item 26, change frst word in tet to: Openings Sec.2 Page 10 (Amended October 2001) Insert new headline berween headlines 70 and 701: 700 Dritling general Sec.3 Page $3 (Amended October 2001) Under headline 362.0 Bilge general, item 2090: Change contents of third column from: Y, Fl to: Y, R, FL ‘See.3 Page 54 (Amended October 2001) Under headtine 363.0 Ballast general, tem 2090: Change contents of third column from: Y, Fl to: ¥,R, FL ‘Sec.3 Page 56 (Amended October 2001) Under Code 371.1, change all entries in columns: Ship’. Col- ED PRACTICES, Under Code 371.2, change all entries in columns: Ship, ‘Cole ‘uma-stab' and ‘Seielevating from: IAI, Ol to: MOBU. Under Code 371.2, change all enries in columns: "Tension leg" and ‘Deep-draught from: Of 10: MODU. ‘Sec.3 Page $7 (Amended October 2001) Under Code 372.5, change all entries in columns: Ship’, ‘Cole tumn-stab' and Seif-elevating’ from: [Al (NSP) to. MODU. ‘Sec.3 Page 69 (Amended October 2001) Under Code 388.1, change all entries in columns; Ship, ‘Cole ‘umn-stab! and ‘Seifelevating’ from: LAL, Ol to: MOU. Under Code 388.1. change all entries in columns: "Tension- leg" and Deep-draught' rom: Ol to: MODU. Under Code 388.2, change all entries in columns: Ship, ‘Col- ‘umn-stab. and ‘Self-levating' from: 1A1, Ol to: MODU. Under Code 588.2, change all eniries in columns: "Tension- leg’ and Deep-draught from: OT to: MODU. Sec.3 Page 75 (Amended October 2001) Insert new headline between headlines 70 amd 701. 700 Drilling general tumr-stab and Selfelevating from: IAI (NSP) to: MODU. Insert under the headline 700 Drilling genera: [2230 [eecalanangement plan Ding aca Y pru__[pru [ru [pau | oru Under Ged 70L change all entries in columns: Ship, Cok. In the paragraph above figure 6-1, “Chaplet 0” has Boon ‘umn-stab. and Self-clevating’ from: LAT, Ol 10: DRI Under Code 701, change all entries in columns: "Tension-leg’ ‘and ‘Deep-draught from: OI fo: DRU. Under Code 703, change all entries in columns: ‘Ship’, Cok ‘umn-stab and Self-elevating’ from: 1A1, OI fo. DRU. Under Code 703, change all entries in columns: ‘Tension-leg" ‘and Deep-dtaught from: Ol to: DRU. DNV-RP-B401: Cathodic Protection Design, January 2005 Sec.7 Page 17 (Amended April 2005) Equation (3), in item 7.8.2 has been corrected as follows MEE) _ Nags ® =Nel= o See.# Page 21 (Amended April 2005) ‘em 8.7.3, has been amended to read: 8.7.3 Contractor shal issue an inspection document according. TO EN 10204 o ISO 10474, inspection certificate 3.8. DNV-RP.C201: October 2002 Part.1 Sec.3 Table 3.1 Page 9 (Amended April 2003) In Table 3.1, line or ‘Longitudinal stiffened plate panel’ col inn “Clause reference’ replace “7” with “Sand F In Table 3,1. line for ‘Girder supporting siffened panel’, col- umn “Clause reference’ replace "8" with "3 and 8 Part.t Sec.6 Page 11 (Amended April 2004) Buckling Strength of Plated Structures, ‘changed to "Chapter 10 Part. See.6 Page 12 (Amended October 2004) {In em 65, after the sentence: 6s given by eg, (6.1) nd Bypass erent 6) now Senience hasbeen wed at In case of tension, apply fy Part.1 See.7 Page 16 (Amended April 2008) Initem 7.2 right column, ine 4."Chapter 0” has been changed 10 “Chapter 10" Part.1 Sec.7 Page 16 (Amended October 2004) In tem 7.2, after equation 7.10, the following sentence has ‘een added: y=0n case os in ension along the whole length ofthe incl Part. Sec7 Page 17 (Amended October 2004) Jn item 7.4, equation 7.18 has been changed as follows Part.1 Sec.7 Page 20 (Amended April 2004) In item 7.7.1, right column, last been changed to. "Chapter 10" Part.1 Sec.7 Equation 7.63 Page 20 (Amended April 2003) In limitation for use” just ahead’ introducing formula (7.63) substitute the balancing sign within the mathematical expres, sion from “areater or equal to” ie , replacing it with “less han he < Part. See:8 Page 23 (Amended October 2004) The text in the paragraph before equation 8.21, has been ‘changed as follows: ‘paragraph, “Chapter 0” has Det Norske VERITAS