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K

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W
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J J

KK

??

K
K
K

J J
W

EF J
K J

KEF J

KEF J

--

J J
K W

K
EJ F
KEJ F
K
K

J J
K

K
K

K
K

(Fluid System) K W

--

J
(Pneumatics) EF

WKEKKKKKF
K

K
K

EF K

K
K

W
J
(Clamping)

(Positioning)

(Shifting)

(Orienting)

J
(Packaging)

(Feeding)

(Doors Control)

(Sorting of Parts)

(Metering)

(Turning and Inverting of Parts)

(Stacking of Components)
(Stamping and Embossing of Components)
--

WJ
(Drilling)

(Milling)

(Turning)
(Sawing) EF

(Finishing)
(Forming)

(Quality Control)

EF
J J K

J K

1 K

2 K

K
K3

--

K J
KY

K K

J
--

J
HydraulicsEF

KEKKKKKK F
K

(Stationary Hydraulics)

(Mobile Hydraulics)

K
K
K(Mining)

K

K

E F
J K

K(CNC)
K(spindle)

--

CNCJ

K J

J
--

WK

K
K

--

--

J
J

J
K

(A) (F) (P) W

1Pa = 1 N/m2, 1bar = 100000N/m2 =

[Pascal, Pa]W

105Pa

[Newton, N]W

1N = 1kg.m/s2

[m2]W

WAtmospheric Pressure (Pamb) J

EF

(14.7 lb/in2) (1.013 bar)(1.0332 kg/cm2)

K(14.7 psi)

- -

W(barometric pressureF Pamb.

KEF

W( absolute pressure) J
K

WGauge Pressure (Pe) J

KEF

E F
Excess Pressure (Pe >0))F

K(Vacuum Pressure (Pe <0))

(Pamb)H(Pe) Z(Pabs)

K0 bar
K J

K(Pe)

EJ F

- -

WHydrostatic Pressure (Ps) J

WKJ
Ps = . g. h
K[Pascal, Pa]

K[kg/m3]

K[m/s2]

WPs -

W -

Wg -

[m]Wh

W
K7.85 cm2K100 bar

P = 100 bar = 1000 N/cm2

2

A = 7.85 cm
F = P. A
1000N 7.85cm2
F=
cm2
F = 7850N

- -

K15 000 N

75 barA

F = 15000N
P = 75 bar = 75. 105 Pa

A = F
P

15000N
75 105Pa
N m2
= 0.002
N
2
= 0.002m = 20cm2
=

t(sec.)m (kg)W

WQA (m2)

Q=

m
t

[kg/m2]

W
: -

[kg]Wm -

[sec]Wt -

V=

Q WV(m/s)
A

- -

(Continuity principleF J

W

Q1 = Q2
A1 x V1 = A2 x V2
V2 =

A1
V1
A2

K FF
KEE

F = P A

F[N] EF -

W
W

P[Pa]EF A[m2]

EF -

W[j or N-m](x) ()

d [m]

W=Fxd
- -

J
(Boyle-Mariottes Law)
K
WK

P1 x V1 = P2 x V2 = P3 x V3 = Constant

PeK 1
7

K
W

P1 V1 = P2 V2
V
P2 = P1 1
V2
V2 1
=
V1 7

P1 = Pamb = 100kPa = 1bar

P2 = 1 7 = 700 kPa = 7 bar

P2 =

Pe = P
P
= (700 100)kPa = 600kPa = 6bar
abs amb
- -

J
WPascals Law
KEJ F

A1KEJ F
WP1F1 KA2
P1 =

F1
A1

W
K

P2 =

F2
A2

P1 =

F1
A1

P1 =P2
- -

W
F1 F2
=
A1 A 2

WA2F1KA2A1F2F1
F1 =

A1 F2
A2

A2 =

A1 F2
F1

F1 F2

A2

A1

J
W
KJ
A1 F1 K1500 kg

KA2 = 1200cm2A1 = 40cm2WA2

m = 1500kg

F2 = m.gW

A F
F1 = 1 2
A2
- -

F1 =

0.004 m 2 1500 N
0.12m 2

F1 = 500N

J
8 cm2 W
K200bar

F1 = 500N W
K100NF1A2K

Ps W
Kh = 15m = 1000kg

KV2 = 0.4 m3 V1 = 0.8 m3 W

KP1 = 3 barP2

- -


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--

K K
FEF
KEKKK

J
J F

EFKEJ
KEF

Power source

ESensorsF

Control elements

EActuators F

EProcessorsF

- -

J
J
J

J
J
J

J
J
J
J

- -

- -

K J

K
K

K
KE F

KEF
K
K

K J
K1A211S
K
K

K K3

0ZK1A
K0S
- -

J
- -

J
W
K
K

K

K

K

.

K
W

- -

J
W

K
WK

- -

W CompressorsJ J

E F

KK
K

K
WJ

Types of
Compressors

Reciprocating
compressor

Piston
Compressor

Rotary
Compressor

Diaphragm
Compressor

Sliding vane Compressor

Flow Compressor

Radial flow
Compressor

Twin-shaft screw
Compressor

J
- -

Axial-flow
Compressor

??
Roots Compressor

WEJ F(reciprocating piston compressor)J

KK
K
W

600kPa (6 bar)K(single stage compressor)

1500kPa (15 bar)K(two stage compressor)

EJ F(radial flow compressor)

KK
K

1000kPa (10 bar)

- -

J
EJ F(axial flow compressor)J

KK

K
K600kPa (6 bar) . J

(sliding vane compressor-rotary compressor)J

E F

EF K

K
K

400kPa (4 bar)K(single stage compressor)

- -

800kPa (8 bar)K(two stage compressor)

J
J J

EJ F

K
K
K

K
K

J
- -

WService Unit J J

W
J

J
J

K
K
KJ

- -

KEJ F

E F
()

(Air filter with water separator)EFJ

KEJ F

K
K
K

K
K
- -

J
(Pressure Regulator)J
FEF
K(Diaphragm)KE

K K

EF

K K
- -

J
Pressure Regulator

(lubricator)J

KJ
KK
KEFK

- -

- -

J
J
J
J
J

J

J
J

- -

EKKKKKFK
K

K
K

K
K

J
J

- -

(Single acting cylinders) J

K
KEF

KEJ F

EF
K

KEF

KKL

EJ F(Piston cylinder)

WEJ F (Diaphragm cylinder)

KKK

W(Rolling diaphragm cylinder)

K

J
Single acting cylinder
- -

J
Diaphragm cylinder
(Double acting cylinders)J

K EJ F

K
K

EFK

KK

L L
KL

(ejection) (branching)

KKK(clamping)

- -

W
EEFJ F(Piston cylinder)

EEFJ F
Double-acting cylinder with adjustable end position cushioning

EJ F

Cylinders with through piston rod

EJ F

Tandem double-acting cylinder

K
J

- -

- -

(Rodless cylinders)J

K
K
K

W
EJ F (Band or cable cylinder)

EJ F

EJ F

Sealing band cylinder with slotted cylinder barrel

Cylinder with magnetically coupled slide

EJ F (Band or cable cylinder)

(Band or cable cylinder)J

- -

EJ F

Sealing band cylinder with slotted cylinder barrel

K
K

J
Sealing band cylinder with slotted cylinder barrel

Cylinder with magnetically coupled slide

K
K

Cylinder with magnetically coupled slide

- -

(Rotary cylinders and Swivel drive)EFJ

K
KJ J KEF

( Swivel drive)J

(Rotary cylinder) J
- -

(ISO) J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J

(ISO) J
-

- -

F W J
E

K J

- -

J

K K
K
K
W

KW J

KW J

KW J

(Directional control valves) J

K
K

WK

W(Number of ports or openings)EF

KKKEF

KKKKEFW(Number of positions)

W(Method of actuation)
KKK

W(Methods of return actuation)

KKK

KDIN ISO 1219 J

K

KEF
K
F

KTKE

- -

KWNormal position
WInitial position
K

DIN ISO 5599-3

J K
K

WKJ

3/2-way valve W
4/2-way valve
5/3- way valve

WPoppet Valves K

KK
K
K

WSliding Valves K
K(flat slide) (spool)

- -

KJ

KJ

KEFJ

DIN ISO 1219 J

ISO 5599-3

A, B

R, S

Y, Z

Pz

- -

K J

J

J
J

J
J

J
DIN ISO 1219J
- -

LW(2/2-way valve)LJ J
(on-off valve)KEF
KEF
K(ball seat)

LWEJ F (3/2-way valve) L J J

K

K K
K

K
K

WLJ
3/2-Way Valve: Ball Bearing Seat, Normally Closed Position
- -

K(Disc seat) L J

KK
K

KL

WLJ
3/2-Way Valve: Disc Seat, Normally Closed Position

- -

KLJ K
K

K K
LK

WLJ

3/2-Way Valve: Disc Seat, Normally Open Position

- -

K J
(shut-off valve) K

WLJ
3/2-Way Valve: Hand Slide, Normally

Cl

d P iti

KKLJ
K
K
K K

KK

LJ
Single Pilot, Normally 3/2-Way Valve
- -

Closed Position

WEJ FJ J

K

K

K

Pilot ControlJ

- -

K L J
K

J J K
KL

LJ
3/2-Way Roller Lever Valve, Pilot Operated, Normally Closed

LJ
3/2-Way Roller Lever Valve, Pilot Operated, Normally Open
- -

LJ
KK
K

KK

LJ

3/2-Way Roller Lever Valve, Pilot Operated,

- -

LJ J

EF L

K L J KK
K

KK

W L
K

LJ
4/2-Way Directional Valve, Disk Seat

- -

K L J
LK

KKL

E F
K

LJ
4/2-Way Double Pilot Valve, Longitudinal Flat Slide

LJ J
L J
LK

LJ
Mid-Position Closed 4/3-Way Plate Slide Valve,
- -

WLJ J

K L J KK
K
KWL

LJ
5/2-Way Double Pilot Valve, Pneumatically Actuated, Both Sides

- -

K L J
K K

LJ
5/2-Way Double Pilot Valve, Suspended Disk Seat

- -

WLJ J

J L
K
WK

K J

K J

J
K

J
K J

J
K

W
LJ
5/3-Way Valve, Pneumatically Actuated, Both Sides

- -

EF

L J

L J

L J

KL J
L J
KKL J
J

- -

J
:Non-return ValveJ J

E F

FKEJ FEF
KE21
E12F

KW

Non-return Valve J

- -

:Dual-Pressure Valve (AND Function)EFJ J

KEJ F 2 E3F1 1
K

E3F1 1 K
KK

K2

Dual-Pressure Valve (AND Function)EFJ

- -

WShuttle Valve (OR Function)EJ FEFJ J

E3F1 1K2E3F1 1
K2

2E3F1 1

KK

EFJ
Shuttle Valve (OR Function)

- -

:Quick Exhaust ValveJ J

KEJ F
3KEF 2 1

EFK

K32K1

J
Quick Exhaust Valve

- -

Flow Control ValvesJ

WThrottle ValveJ J
ELF

KEJ F
K
K

WOne-Way Flow Control ValveJ J

EF
KEJ F

K2 1

KEF

J
One-Way Flow Control Valve

J
Throttle Valve

- -

EF J

EF J
J

W
J
J

- -

Pressure Valves J

WPressure RegulatorJ J
KEJ F

K
K(Diaphragm)
KK

K
K

K
K
K

J
Pressure Regulator

- -

WJ J
Time Delay Valve, Normally Closed
LW
EFKEJ F

12K 1
KLEF
K2 1

12KEF 2 1

12KL
2K

K3

J
Time Delay Valve , Normally Closed

- -

Pressure Sequence Valve WJ J

12
LKEJ F 2 L

12
K

J
Pressure Sequence Valve

- -

J
J

- -

J
K
W

Power source

EProcessorsF

EActuators F

ESensorsF
Control elements

J
J

KJ
W
W0

K KKK2 1
EF
KK

0Z1, 0Z2

1A, 2A
1V1, 1V2
1S1, 1S2

EKKKKF
EKKKKF
EKKKF

- -

J
J
J
J

J
J
J

J
J
J
J

- -

- -

K
W

- -

J
K

K

7mm40 mm
J J
J L

KEF K
KEF
K

K J

K1A 1S
K

KK
K

K1A
K0S0Z
- -

J
- -

J J
L
KJ

KEF

KEF

K J
K1A 1S
K

K
K

LK
K

- -

J
- -

KKL W
K

K
K

J J
K W
KEJ F
K

- -

1A WEJ F

1V 1K LK

1SK32
K K1V
K 12

12 K 1S K

K 1V 1V
K1V

- -

- -

J J
1V 14EJ F 1S
K 14K1A K
1V14K1S

K 1V
KK

- -

- -

K W

KKKL

ORANDWJ

K (AND)??
K21(3)1

K (OR)??

K21(3)1
ANDJ J
1S2 L W
K1S1L

K

J W
KK
1S121V1 1(3)1

1S2 LK1S2
K ANDK1V2
1V2LK21S1L

1S2 1S1K1A

14 K AND
1V2K1S21S11V2
K

- -

KANDKJ
- -

KWKLW

1A KEJ F W
K
KK

J
ORJ J
KW
K

J W
KK

1V1 1(3)

1S2 1S1K1S2 1S1

OR K1V11(3)
K

K 1V2 K
- -

1V1 1S2 1S1

KORKJ
- -

KEJ F W
K K

K L
K

- -

J
KL W
KK
KKK
W

KEJ F LEJ F L
LLK

K(Memory Function)

K
EFK

1V1K

K
1S1

K1V1K1V1

K 1V3 1V2

K1S1 1V1K

K1V1 12 1S2

K 1V1
1V1 1S2K1V2
.

- -

KLJ

KLJ
- -

KEJ F W
LK

KK

- -

J
EJ F W
KK
K

J

J W

K K
K1S2
K

1(3) 1S1K

AND 1V1
K 1V2K1V2
K1V4 1V2

K
AND1S21S1K

1V2 K1V1
K1V3K
- -

- -

J
KEJ F W

K E F
KK

J W
KK

K
KL

K1V2 14 1S
K 1V2
K 1V2 1S

KK
1V1 12
- -

K1A
K1V2 12KL

K1V2

J
- -

KEJ F

K K
K

- -

:Time Delay ValveJ

KEJ F W
T = 6 seconds K
K K
K

J W
KK

K L

K1S2
1S2 K 1S21S1

1S2
K

14 1V1
1V3K1V3

KEF 1V5 K
K1S2

14 1V1 AND
1S1 K 1V3
K

- -

J
1S3
K1V2 1V2

LK1V2

1V3K1V3 12 1V3
K
1S3 K1V4

K1S3 1V2
K1V3L

- -

1S2K1V312
K

J

J J
K
K(Displacement diagram)

K K

WK
Roller lever valve with idle return

Time delay valve

Double pilot valve (Reversing valve)

K
J J
KJ W

K K

W
KLK

2S1 K 1S2 2S1

K1S1

- -

1A

2S11S1W

2A

1S3W

1A

2S2 W

2A

1S2W

(Initial position)

2S1 W

1V2 L 1S1 K
KK1A

K1S3 1A K
KK2A2VL

K2S3 K
K1A1V2

1S21AK

K2S12AK2V

K1S1 K

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -


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K
K

--

Direct current and alternating currentJ
K
EF

K
K

KEJ FW

KDirect CurrentEDCF

J
J
KE F

KEFEONF

K
K
--

DC circuit J
Ohm's Law J

KK

K
Electrical resistance

KK

KK
Source emf

K(electromotive force)

--

W
W
K
K

Electrical power

EF
EF EF

K
P = V. I
W

Voltage (Volt, V)WV

Current (Ampere, A)WI

Power (Watt, W) WP

K24 V DCLW
K60 Ohm

WW

I=

V 24
=
= 0. 4 A
R 60

W
P = V. I = 240.4 = 9.6 W

--

Function of a solenoid J
.EJ F
K

Structure of a solenoid.

K
K

K
K

--

Applications of solenoids

KK
K
K

Function of a capacitorJ
K
K EJ S1F
KK
KFaradEFFK

E{S2F
K

J
--

Function of a diode EJ F J

K
K

K(The current is rectified)
K

--

WKEMultimeterF
K
K

KAmmeterVoltmeter

KW

KE 230VF

(Voltmeter or Ammeter, AC or DC, Resistance)

F
KE

KEF

Voltage measurement
K (voltmeter)
K

--

Current measurement
K (Ammeter)

K
K

Resistance measurement
WDC

W
K

KK(Ohmmeter)

F E F

KEopen circuitFEshort-circuit

KAC W

Sources of error

K K

K{{

--

Power supply unit pressureJ
K
KEJ F
W

K
F E F

KE

(rectifier)
K

transformer

rectifier

stabilization

--

Push button and control switchesJ

K
K(control switches) (push button)

K
K

Normally open contact (make) EF

EF
KEJ F
K

EFJ
Normally open contact (make) section and symbol

--

Normally closed contact (break)EF

EFJ
Normally closed contact (break) section and symbol
Changeover contact

K K
K

J
Changeover contact section and symbol
--

Sensors for measuring displacement an pressureJ

K
W
K

K
K

Limit switches

K
K

KEJ F

K
F
E K
F K
E
K

J
Limit switch section and symbol
--

Proximity switches

WKK

Reed switch
KK

K
E{F
K

--

J
Reed switch normally open contact
Electronic sensors
W

.

.

Positive and negative switching sensors

KW
K

K W
K
--

Inductive proximity sensors

KEFEFEF
K

--

J
Inductive proximity sensor
Capacitive proximity sensor

K
K
K

J
Capacitive proximity sensor
--

Optical proximity sensor

(Semiconductor light-emitting diodes (LEDs))

(photodiode) K
WK

One-way light barrier

KK

J
One-way light barrier

--

Reflective light barrier

KK

J
Reflective light barrier
Diffuse reflective optical sensor
K

KK

J
Diffuse reflective optical sensor
--

Pressure sensors
W

EF
EF

Mechanical pressure switch

J
Piston-actuated pressure switch

Electronic pressure switches

K
K
K

--

Analogue pressure sensors

K J EaF
K EF

J EbFKEF

K J EcF

--

K
K
K

KOKKKK
KK

analogue pressure sensor characteristic curve of an Construction and

--

Relays and contactorsJ

K W
K

K K

J
Construction of a relay

Applications of relays

K
--

Programmable logic controllers, PLCJ

PLC K
K

EJ FPLCW
W

.EF

PLC J

--

J
2/2-Way Solenoid Valve without Pilot ControlL

K L J
K
K

LJ
2/2-Way Solenoid Valve without Pilot Control

--

Pilot controlled directional control valve

K

WJ

K
KEJ EFFF

KEJ EFFF

EF

EF

J
Pilot Control Directional Control Valve with

--

Pilot controlled 3/2-way valve L

K LJ

KKEJ EFF

F
K KEJ EF

K
K

EF

EF

LJ

K
Pilot controlled 3/2-Way solenoid valve,
normally closed with manual override

--

Pilot controlled 5/2-way single solenoid valve L

KLJ

KEJ EFF

KEJ EFF

K
K
EF

EF

LJ
Pilot controlled 5/2-Way single solenoid valve

--

Pilot controlled 5/2-Way double solenoid valve L

K LJ

KEJ EFF

KEJ EFF
K

EF

EF

LJ
Pilot controlled 5/2-Way double solenoid valve
--

KEFL
5/3-way valve with exhausted initial position
K LJ

KEJ EF F

J EFF
KKE

J EFF
KKE

K
K

EF

EF

EF

LJ

KEF
Pilot controlled 5/3-Way double solenoid valve
(Mid-position exhausted).
--

J
K

(PLC)K

K
K

Direct and indirect control

S1 W
KJ (a)
J J

Direct control of a single-acting cylinder

K J (b)
K L 1Y1
K

KK
Indirect control of a single-acting cylinder

EJ F
K1 1Y1

K .
K

--

J
(b (a
(c

--

J J
S1 W
K

L J (b) J (a) W
KKL

--

L(b L(a
(d(c

--

Logic OperationsJ

Parallel connection (OR circuit)EF

KS2 S1 (J (b) J (a))

K(J (d)J (c))

K
K

--

EOR Circuit??FJ
(a

(b
(c
(d

--

Series connection (AND circuit)EF

S2S1(J (b)J (a))

K(J (d)J (c))K

--

EAND Circuit??FJ

(a

(b
(c
(d

--

J
K(AND) ?? (OR) ?? J J
W

KW
KW

1Y1

S2

S1

S2 S1

OR operation??J
1Y1

S2

S1

S2 S1

AND operation??J

--

Signal storageJ
K

K
K

K
Signal storage with double solenoid valve

K

valve with double solenoid return stroke control Manual forward and
EWS2WS1F
K(J (b)J (a))

J (c) )

K1Y1S1K(J (d)
K
K1Y2S2K
KS2K

double solenoid valve stroke control with Automatic return
S1
(c)J (b)J K
S1K

K 1S2 1Y2
KS1

--

Oscillating movement with double solenoid valve

KS1

S1K(J (c) J (b))

K 1S2

S1KS1
K

--

J
(a
(b
(c

(d

--

b)

(a
(b

--

J
(a

(b

(c

--

Relay circuit with latchingEF

{(a) ON

K1 ON KK1
KKONK

Latching circuitEFJ

Dominant ON(a
Dominant OFF (b

K OFF
?K OFF ON

.( Dominant ON latching circuit)?

J (a) J (b)

K OFF ON

.( Dominant OFF latching circuit)??

--

function via relay with latching return stroke control Manual forward and

S1
KKS2

S1

KS2 K

.( Dominant OFF relay circuit)?Y

--

J
(a
(b
(c

--

Delay J J

K(time relay)
Control of a cylinder with timing

S1
KEJ F

--

FJ
E

(a
(b

--

Sequential control with signal storage by double solenoid valves

K(latching relays)
K
(Feeding device)W
K J

K(proximity inductive switches)2B21B12A1A

J
--

Displacement-step diagram for the feeding device W

KSTART
W

K1AW

K2AW

K1AW

K2AW

KSTART
J

1A

2A

--

J
K

--

KJ K

--

Sensor evaluation

1B1 KEJ F

KK1

--

First sequence step

EK11B1F1A

EK32B1F2A

K(S5)START

1Y1KK6

K1A

--

Second sequence step

1B21A
K2A2Y1K

--

Third sequence step

2B22A
K1A1Y2K

--

Fourth sequence step

1B11A

{ K2A2Y2K
K

--


]<gj]<]<j<^]<]

Hydraulic power supply unit J

WEJ F

KJ

- -

EF

- -

- -

DriveJ
K E F

J K

Hydraulic PumpJ

K KE F

W K
W -

KEFK
- -

- -

(r.p.m) (cm3)
(bar)

- -

Gear pumpW
K

Gear pumpJ

K S KJ

KW
K

K
K

- -

CouplingsJ

K
K
W

K
ReservoirJ

K
K

KKK

W
K

F
KE

K
K

- -

FiltersJ

W
W

J
K

- -

CoolersJ

KK

K
K

K(thermostat)
W

KW
KW

KW

KJ J

- -

Heaters J
K

K
KJ

- -

WK

K
K

J J J
K

- -

Single-acting cylinder J

KJ K

Wiper K

Venting screw K
Piston rod K

Cylinder barrel K
Cylinder rod bearing K
Seal K

Mounting screw K
J
Single Acting Cylinder

- -

Double Acting CylinderJ

KJ K
.

Piston K
Piston rod K

Cylinder rod bearing K

Annular piston surface K
Piston surface K

J
Double Acting Cylinder

- -

W
WF

KE

(A1=A2)
Z

J
- -

Hydraulic valvesJ

Pressure valves J J

W K

W K

KJ

Pressure relief valve

Two-way pressure
regulator

Three-way pressure
regulator

- -

Pressure relief valves J

(poppet valves)
WK(slide valves)

K
K J

KJ
W

Kp1.A1ZF
K

K
KJ

- -

- -

- -

J
W

:Safety valves J
K

W Brake valves J
K

WSequence valve J
K

- -

Pressure regulators J

J
K

- -

WEJ F

(1)(A)K
K(3)

KK

K(A)

W
J

- -

J J
K

KDIN 150129

KLJ

LJ

WEJ F
K
K

(L)
K
- -

K
K

W
L
L
L

KEF J
K

- -

(P,A)

(P

A)

(P,T

A)

A)

(T,P

(P
B, A
T)

(A
R, P
B, T)

(P, A, B, T)

(P
T, A, B)

H
(P
A
B
T)

(P, A
B T)

(P

B, T)

J
- -

2/2-way valveLJ
EJ F(P)(A)L

L {K

KEFLJ

APW

APW

LJ
2/2 way valve, spool design

EFLJ
2/2 way valve, poppet design
- -

L J
KJ

- -

LJ

- -

3/2-way valveLJ
(T) (P) (A) L

WKEJ F
KT A PW

KAPT W
KAPWL
KLJ

EFLJ
3/2 way valve, poppet design

- -

KLJ

- -

4/2-way valveLJ
(P) (B) (A) L

KEJ J F (T)
W

KT A BPW
KTBAPW

LJ
with three control pistons 4/2 way valve
K L J
KL

L J
with two control pistons 4/2 way valve
- -

EFKL
KLL

WL

EJ F

K
K

LL

KJ

KLJ
- -

KLJ

- -

4/3-way valveLJ

L K L J
L

L J KL
K

LJ
- -

LJ

KJ L

- -

KLJ

- -

Non-return valves J J
K

E F
K K

Spring loaded non-return valveJ

(p1) K J

K(p2)
W(p2)

p1 > p2 + pF

W(pF)

K J

K -

KJ
- -

Acone
J

- -

- -

K(lockable)
K
K(de-lockable)

EF

(de-lockable)

- -

Piloted non-return valveJ

WJ
AB

BA

XWAB
KAB

AB

BA

AB

J
Piloted non-return valve
- -

LKL

X L
K

LK L
K

J
K
- -

Flow control valves J J

K
K
K

KW
EF
KK

J J J
J K

(Orifice valves)(Restrictors)J

(Q)

(Q)

- -

One-way flow control valve J

J
One-way flow control valve

- -

Two-way flow control valve J

J
Two-way flow control valve

- -

- -

2/2-way valve

3/2-way valve

4/2-way valve

4/3-way valve

5/2-way valve

5/3-way valve

Absolute pressure

Actuators

Air compressor

Air bleeder

Air distribution
Air dryers

Air filter

Air lubricator

Air motor

Air reservoir

Air preparation equipment

Air supply

Ambient

Analogue control

Applications

Barometer

Binary control

- -

Check valves

Circuit diagram

Clamping devices

Components

Compressor

Compressed air regulators

Condensate

Coordinated motion

Components

Compressor

Compressed air regulators

End position cushioning

Energy

Fault finding

Filters

Fitting of valves

Flow compressors

Flow control elements

Flow control valves

Fluid

EF

Force

Friction

Gauge pressure

Gear motors

Handling technology

- -

Heater

Hydraulic

Idle roller lever valve

Indirect control of a pneumatic cylinder

Input element
Lettering system

Line

Linear actuators

Linear motion

Logic control

Lubrication

Non-return valves

Operational safety

Pilot control system

Piston force

Piston motors

Pneumatic elements

Poppet valves

Positional sketch

Power components

Pressure control valves

Pressure level
Pressure regulator
Pressure sequence valve
- -

Processors: Valves and logic elements

Quick exhaust valve

Reciprocating compressor

Reservoir

Rodless cylinder

Roller lever valve

Rotary actuators

Rotary motion

Rotary piston compressor

Seal

Sequence control

Sequence valves

Shut-off valves
Shuttle OR valve

EF

Signal flow

Single-acting cylinder

Slide valves

Sliding-vane motors

Standards

Tandem double-acting cylinder

Throttle valve

Time delay valve

Vent hole

- -

References

1.

Harry L. Stewart, Pneumatics and Hydraulics, Macmillan Publisher Co, New York, 1987.

??

3.

6. Peter Croser and Frank Ebel Pneumatics - Basic Level, Festo Didactic Gmbh, 2002.

4.

D. Merkle, B.Schrader and M. Thomes, Hydraulics - Basic Level Textbook, Festo Didactic
Gmbh, 2003.

5.

D. Waller and H. Werner, Fundamentals of Electropneumatics, Festo Didactic Gmbh, 2000.

6.

Hydraulic Components Catalogue, Mannesmann Rexroth Gmbh, 1991

- -

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