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    chemistry form 4

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    5 views18 pages

    05 Chapter 2 The Structure of The Atom

    Uploaded by

    mohd_syariman2459
    chemistry form 4

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 18
    eure bide EM ‘ean chai Fo a Learning Objetive:21 Araying mane 1 Complete the following digram related to matter. Lenghaphan eel bei brain dengan iin ‘Matter Sin ‘Any substances that has mss endoveupies___space Sebareng baka yang mempanyel [ti dan memenuhl_ ans. cane cased into ah lian pe Bomet —— = { sean Suistaneethatismdefromonly 9 Substance thet made tora _two ormare ‘eaten diferen clements which arc chomeally bonded an ret dards 1 jes a tops. oat aaexjg tds TE boo ae preseason pants role rit a ‘Atom. ) ( “Molecule Ton ai ad 3 The la, imal | | |, neal paces eon of] | aan rama partes ofan cee non-metal atoms| | charged partes Zoek tel _egplaghct ‘which are covatently-bonded. Zarah yang berces posi ataw nega Zarok new sang tenis daripad atom-atom bukon logam yang urlainon yung tek secant (Han kvaen cxamples ramples + Ni? and Cl ions in] sodium chloride, NaCleompounc. don Na dan CT dalam cation marin Kori, ‘A neutral particles consists of | (Ammonia gis, NH, Gas anvmonia, NH, + Water, HO Aig HO which are covalently-bonded. Zara neared yang. tertis daripada tetra bk lear eg_serip. acl anglers scaritatan kal. + Mg® and OF ions in : magnesium oxide, r amples MgO compound. + tron metal, Fe cated fon Mg dan OF data tasam foun, Fe | Nitrogen gus, Ny ebatian magnesium + Helium gas, He ‘caiman obs, MgO. Gas helium, He + Chlorine as, Gaskin, Ch (nt saying sen so 15860, 7 1 Ccaemiy Forma (Changes of states of matter based on kinetic theory of matter Porubahan keadaan nim berdasarkanteoi kine fri entity the process thatoccursbased on diagram, ‘eal pastigresesyan bela erdesarkon raja [Condensation] Kondensesi Pemeateapan ‘Tiek() onthe process that involv the release ofenetgy and (X)on the proces that involve the absorption of energy. Tandakan \) pada proses yang melatkan pembctasen habs dan (x) pad pases yangmelibatkan penserapan haba COS rect ED ae, CEN et CI et Complete the following statement Lenghaptan pergutaan be (a) When heat energy is __shsorbed __ by matter as it is heated, the kinetic energy of particles causes them to vibrate faster Apa tena haba 22° ___ old joim semasedipanaskon, nage Kinetik sarah bsabah dan ‘menyebabazarah beta dengan bic (hb) When heat energy is released by matter as it is cooled, the kinetic energy of particles ciecease and cauresthem to vibrate lessvigorly ‘Apabits tonage haba __dibcasham och from semua dubhan, tongs inte cand __PRWTINE da ems ra bert gees entity the state of matter involved based on explanation give. Konal pas nada jing bedavrknpenerangansng dirison Gos) Thevolumefollows thecontuineritfilled (Cas | TH Pacis are vey far spat to each, SS 8) Parah saga out amuarasotu sama aie ( Sold | seshcts [S| marten vial _} Beet Pade edd on same {eva _ Teh mapa Panties move randomiy, slowly and__Theatuactionbetween prtilesare very { Liquid | gamtaeinthioasientt Gas] weakandalmost none Cec) Zant beget scare rvak,poiahan dan {__ Ges) Dye urdue ema awh axgat lena dar Aad oon atarsatiome ait samprte nutsorgn Sh sha st8r69 chai Fo a Diffusion ‘Resapan ‘a /————— To study the dtusion of particles in soi, liquid and gos egal spans oka dln pepe edges {eer ajith oper ties hersoperandstnstanvithlamp angen omg po abo punta de te erg peep Ms Liquid bromine, watt, potassium mangaate(Vl) eyes 1.0. mol dn potassium teerpiat(VID coat ager (aap aden ge(VT Aor ange V Dstt = __ ne Inti tn sol Drop eee an pe me Aes —_ np) Pots caials — / amt) ee ae sone 1 Place a gas jar in a fume | 1 Filatesttubewithwater. | 1 Fill a test tubo with hot chamber. Isikanraburgujedenganaiz | iguid agar nti it almost ‘etekan balang gas dala | 2 Withdraw small volume of | fullandleaveittosoiity. Aabukwasap potassium manganate(VI) | sebuah sabung wit dengan 2 Puta few drops of liquid | solution using dropper. luruian gar-agar paras bromine into gas jar using | Kelarkan seit taruan | schingge hampir penuh dan dropper Kalium mangena(VIt) | Marnier pepeal Tria bebe near | _ mengunakan ents Put a small ceystal_ of rope dalam alan gas | 3 Putfew dropsof potassium | potassium manganate(VI}) smenggunakan ent. rmanganate(VIl) solution | ontopofthe agar 3 Cover thegasjarwitheover. | into test tube by lowering | Letlhn falar kei kaon Tanwp tulong gus dengan | thetipofthe dropper unl | manganarCVT) ke aus pas penunp itreachesthe bottom, garnet 4 Invert another gas jar on | Tyiskan taruan, alam | 3. Cls6 the test tube with a topotthe star ‘manganai{Vl}) ke dalam | stopper and clamp it ‘Telanghuplan buon 968 ln | aaa dengan merunotan | upside don, dias batang gas yang | —fajang penitis schinge | Tuphan tang uj dengan pera, ‘ence dase penurup dan npitkannya 5 Remove the cover and | 4 Revord your observation | —securaeinginp. record your observation | afterafew hours, 4 Recurd your observation alterafew minutes. okodkan penerhation anda | aflernfew days ‘Buong penaup dan hodan | segpasbeberapajam. Fekotkan pemertaton anda pemerhation anda sclepas sels bebop har. beberapa mint, (nt saying sen so 15860, ° Please scan here ‘conclusion ‘amnion J Ccaemiy Forma Activity Observation “Akio Pameraton The brown colour of bromine vapour spreads vicky Ingas throughout the gar. alr gos Wa perong wap bomin merck dengan _—_&P0___ memenh ate “The purple colour of potassium manganate( VI) solution spreads Antiguid slowly throughout the water. Pala ei Wana ung tartan ation mangarar(VU0) merebak dengan srl alam The purple colour of potassium manganate(VII) spreads Insotia ver slowly throughout the agar alam preiel | Warn ung kaiam marganat(Vtl)mereak dengan sprig sedalomagerg 1. Arrange the rte of diffusion from the fastest to theslowest. Sur kadaresaparderipada sxanepuling cpa hepadevanepaingperahan. Gas TLigaid| Solid Gus cocair |, | Pepi ate of diffusion become lower faudarresapan somakin prahan 2. Whats the relationship between the rate of difusion of particles withthe distance between particlesin solid liquid and gas? ‘Apollon ance Kad espana dengan sar dala pep cei dae ow? ‘The distanoe herween particles are the furthest in gas and the nearest in solid. Therefore, the ‘ate of fusion oocus faster athe distance between particles inerease Sarak sr zr adele pling je dale den pain deka ala pia Och os Kadar ‘sapan eau eh eet apabilajarak amar zaralsarah mening 3 Proditwhateantsobsonctfactviy Bisrepeatedyasinghorwater. Ranlkaraneang hoch pero scienw oh lan den mesa ips The purple colour of potassium mangonate(VIL) spreads quickly throughout the Inotwater./ ima ung kaliun maganat{ VIR) merebak dengan cepa uh paras 4 Define diffusion Taian resapar The movement of particles from region of higher concentration to.8 rezionof lower ‘concentration. egealn sia sarah daripade ewasan arg herpelatan she aa ungeerkepekotan sola Bromine and potassium manganste( VI) ae consists and __dicrete parilesthatare__eonstanty moving ‘rnin dankotummangnar VM) erdidarpadaarsaah fas dam li yg_ sein ona nutsorgn Sh sha st8r69 chai Fo a Melting point and freezing point of naphtalene Takat lebur dan takot beku netalene CO = terial a ‘To determine the melting point and freezing pointofnaphtalen. Monnnukantakacloburdan kat ek glen Boiling tube, 250m’ beaker, thermometer, tripod stand, retort stand with lamp, Bunsea burner, {est tube holder stopwatch, conical laskand wire gauze. Tang di, iar 250 em, verwmcer, rgrKa gs, hal retort dengan pongo, pom Buns, _pomeging abr jam andi, eat on dan kane dana. [Naphtalene powder and water Sebuknaflena dana Thermometer Thermometer aphtlene powder Lig naphislene ecient Conic ask A ketal on Diagram (a) Diagram (6) Rajah (a) Rayoh b) Heating of naphtalene Pemenesen nfalena 1 Fillaboiling tube with 3cm height of naphtalene powder and placea thermomet {ean dh dengan ser nafoena ego dan ean ternomcterd dala, 2 Suspend theboilingtube in water bathas shown in Diagram (a). Ensure that the waterlevelis higher than napthalone even biting tbe: Gancrghan dung dit ke dala kus speak dalam Raj) Pastban ares ‘lang daria ars nailer dala abu 3 Heatthewaterandslowystirthe naphtalene using thermometer. Panaskan air dar cau nae scare pela lan menggunakan eran 4 Star the stopwatch when the temperature of napthalene reach é(fC. Record the temper ‘ofnaphtalene for every 30 seconds untlits temperature reach ATC. Malas jam rane apa snafu mena FC. Catan sau ails bt sip 30 saat sefunga sway moneapai SOC, (ip) The coning of naphiatene (Benet naan 1 Remove the boiling tuhe containing molten naphthalene from the hot water bath using test. tube holder. Keluarkan cabung die yang mengandung eburan nofialona darpada Kakusan alr panos dengan imenggunakan pemegangtaburgit Immediately transfer the hoiling tube ina conical flask to he cooled sly. Pundahtan abun ddd dan copa dala heal on untae sear pelaanlahon 3 Startthestopwatchand record the temperature of the naphthalene for every 30 seconds unit {drops 15°C. Stir the naphthalene continuously during the experiment ‘Muka rani dan cata sub nade sk tip 30st shina uno e OC Kaci hafisena evraberersansemasnetsprimen dilankan. 4 Recordtheresultsinatable ekosthanhepuusan dalam dual (nt saying sen so 15860, " Ccaemiy Forma Resut (ap) Meating of maphtatene rananasn _/—— (A) pomanason nfctena Time) og we) iy 0 | 120] 150] 180| 210|240| ‘Temperature ro 650 | 68 | 66 | 70] 73] 77 | 80| s0 | 50 4 | 85 | 87 | 90 Sul 0) “Temperature CO) suave) 0, so. 70 6: 0 o ao 180 20 30 30 aR Tine 8) Maa) (8) Thecootingof naphtatene Pepetan napa Time () aol oso | » Maegy | & | 30 60 | 90 /120 150] 180] 210] 240 270 300) 330 360 | 390) 420) “Temperature co, 90 | 87] ss] s4 | 83] 80 | 80] 80] 80] 77 | 73 | 70 | 66 | | 6a Siu CO Temperature (0) souuec) 90) 0, 70 cr 0 a rer ito) 2 ain 3h aa Time (8) a nutsorgn Sh sha st8r69 ‘chai Fm a June; 1. Whyydoesthe naphtalone must bested eontinnovsly ducing aetvtyB? Mergapokel nila peraditacen scar eras seme okiit 8? ‘Tovoid supercooling. Uhm mengelaan penn melanpa 2. Complete the fllowingstatemeats. Lengapkanpemsatar dba, (@) During the melting process of napthalene, the temperature remain constant as the energy __ssorbed|___by particles are used to overcome the forces of attraction uid ‘etweenparticessothatthe solid _eamchangesto_iatid_ Sersa proses pelburonnafalena a tidak Perak erana haba yong ian oleh sarah-zarah digunakan untuk mengarsi daye teriken autora sarah supaye spel bentahnnjads cscs (©) During the freezing process of napthalene, the temperature remain constantasthe heat Jost _tosurroundingsis__bulunced _bythehest__yeleused as Weparicles__ttact__onegnotherto form sai Sema pos petokuannaflona, sa at Bonat erana aang ese nein inte yang gpl cca evar satsama in aouakmembsota spl. 3 Predicewhatwilhappenifthe liquid naphtalene isheated until itboils, ‘Raman apa yongatan erak sekirayacecairafaenadparaskan singer mendi, The temperature wil increase umtil it reaches its boiling point, Then, during the boiling races its emperature willremain constant ‘Sg ala nga ceagenvanga tl Rovaaa ani es oa, Wage ‘aketalmal 4 Atactvity A, draw the state of matterat Pada okt, bison keadan joi pode (a) frstevominutes, (0) fourth minutes miner 5 Name a substance in which its melting point can be determined by using waterbath as in activity A. Nanackan baa yong mune taka Keburya boi ntukan merggnaan kaksan reper dala kei “Acetamine /Asetanin Sates” /——— The melting point and freezing point ofmaphtaleneis — Teka bur dar takat eka nape la ere (nt saying sen so 15860, ‘o Ccaemiy Forma Leaming Objective: 22. Syrinesbng stoic rae History of the development of atomic models Sojarah perkembangan model atom Dalton’ model Chadwick's model Thomson'smodel__—-Boh’smdel__Ratheriona's moxle! Model Dae Madel Chic Made Taner Made lr Model Ruerfod @ feet oa 0° 3° ® Ci : ane i @ a ‘Nucleus. am rae © ent Naki Shell Pals “4 ) ‘+ Mattorisconsistsofatoms tht cannot be ercated, destroyed ordvided Wim evr darpada wom yangidak boleh dit, démusnahaeudiahags ) + Found the negatively charged electrons _Mereomuban elon yong bres nat + Electrons re found in the positively charged sphere _Elaron luna dala fer ang bores posi | ‘+ Found nacleusis the centre ofthe atom whichis positively charged, _Menemukan nies sebogn pst atom angbercas posi + Nuclouscontais proton _Nakleus merging proton + Electron movesoutsde the nucleus san begeradiuarmubes | + Discovered the existence of electron shell, “Menemakan kevajudan pea elekron + Electron moves inthe shells around the nucleus _Eetrn berger dota pea merge nukes | ‘+ Discovered the existence of neutron Menenukn hevajudan stron ‘+ Nucleus of atom contains neutral particles called neutron and ostvely charged particles called proton ‘Nakles atom mensinung rah neal ipungi nein dan aah rcs pas pasi oton + "The mass of neutron and proton is almost the same sim neuro dan prown dala agi soma nutsorgn Sh sha st8r69 chai Fo a ‘Atomic structure, proton number and nucleon number ‘Strutu atom, nome proton den nombor nuke “The followingshows the structure ofan tom. Fillinthe blanks with the corrset answers, erie merunjuthan suki sua aor. tempat koxong dengan jamapan yn pa. Prowon Prot Wuckeus Nukes Neutron Newton Blearon / Elen 2 Tiok(Q)onthe correct statement and (x) on the wrongstatoment regarding the characterises ofsubatone partes Taal (aa enya yang hen da () pu pempuan an sla entan ceczrh uasomyng eda daar Perec | ‘Proton da stron memberaukruhieus a egah-engch ot “kann ungsion o odoneaon ‘The umber of mckon se o he ume feo os : ‘Magan rman dr isn en da on Eee eee ee ee ee eee eae aera Pron ne fring aden i heen oan ata [4 3 Match the following subatomic patileswith its respective importance correctly ‘Padankanana-arsubuton ere keen masing-masing dengan ep Determine the type and properties of an elements Mencnnan ens dan cll sel unin ‘Number of nucleon Bilaxgn mkeon Determine the arrangement ofclementsin Periodic ‘Table of Element Merah kedudlan unsr dala fdul Bla Unsar Determine the mass of an stom _Meneraken sin Bos aaa [Number of proton ‘Bilargon proton (nt saying sen so 15860, 18 Ccaemiy Forma ‘Symbols of element ‘Simbotunsur 16 “The followingshowsthe symbol of clement X.Fillinheblankswith the correct answers, eric mennjuthan simbo bans kan tempat kono dengan jowapan yang. Nucleon number Nombar mutter a A ‘Symbol ofthe element ———= x ntl wir ,__|z a Proton number Nombor ator (@) Nucleon number(A) = Number ofproton(p) + Number ofneutron(n) Nomborrukeon(A) = Bang prot (p) + Bilan necro) (©) Proton number(Z) = Number of proton Nombor proton Z) = Bilngun pron © the numberof proton 1 blangen proton = bilanga efeton ‘Complete the table below regarding the elatiouship between number of subatomic particles, proton number and nucleon number. Lenghapkonjadualdbawah berkalian huborgon ataablanan ooh subatom. nombor proton dannombarmieon Blements Nucleon number Proton number Number of electron | Number of neutron True ‘Nombor miton Nombor proton ian cekron | longa neutron ‘n 1 1 1 ° ‘He 4 2 2 He 6 6 6 NE 19 ° 9 10 sa B 7 ” 18 Write the symbolsfor the following elements based on the correct explanations. Talika sind gna beri endear penerangin an beta Efement K has 11 protons and 28 nucleons ‘Una K mempunyoi LH proton dan 2 neon Element M has 11 nucleons and 6 neutrons », Unsur M mempunsai Vnukieon dan 6 neuron aX Element P has 29 protons and 35 neutrons 2p UnuurPrempune 2 proto dan 38 neuro nutsorgn Sh sha st8r69 Learning Objective: 231 Undostnsns topes an anssag ne pines Isotopes: Isotop Atomsof the same clements which have thesamc numberof protonbutdifereat number af acutron Aton unsung rue dena dana pron an sama etap dense angun neuron yung eae 1enumber of mucteon ht different numberof proton _Atomsof the same clements which have the Aton atom unary srna dea blangan con yng sama ep dengan bain proton yang berlin “The followingshows the symbols orsome different atoms. erik mean ino beberapa ores dina | («) Howmany pars fsotopesthat can beentitied based onthe information given? ‘Bvep psn stop yong apa dinal pas erdasankan kana yang iri? A pair Two pairs None Sepang 9 | ua pasane Tide (b)_ Statethe pair(s) othe isotopes. Satan pas sop testa Fund /dan K und) (6) Whataretheeommon characterises ofthe isotopes mentioned in (O)? Apakalc-csepunya yan dint isoep yang dapat di(b)? Have similar chemical properties Mempuye sft kimia yang soma Have diffrent melting point ‘Merny tat bryan erainan v v Have similar boiling point _Mompunyai thet di yong soma 3 tones oie umes oan arousal. Mah he flowing ops is TD correct comiibtion. ‘sop menberitan arya kegunaan datum pellaga!bidans, Padantan isoop bert dengan keguranna Meet nant logan be — GCG Have diferent density Mempurya keumpatan sar brain Used in radiotherapy session for cancer treatment Phosphorus32, Digunakan dom radierap gl awetan kanser a 9) rosionss2 Usodtocstimate tho age of fossilsandartifacts . / fe) Cobat.oa igunakan nauk mengangsarkan sia fos dan afk Roba ‘Used to study phosphorus metabolism in pants < fe) Cabor-t4 Digunatan untuk mens nctaboone fnforasdalam uonbalar Karon ib a \ ) (Gna suing an a. 1756 7 Ccaemiy Forma Leaming Objective: 24 Undid he electon stucue oa om The electronic structure of an atom ‘Sirti elektro dalam atom erika memujuton sasunan elkivon bag unsur yng mempunsal nombor pron 1-20. Leng raja dengan jawapan yang bul 2 Basedonthe giveninformation, completethe followingtable. ondasarkan maktumai yang die lengkapkan jada eri Proton number Nombur pret 3 Atom7-24has 12 neutrons inthe cleus its atom, Drasthe electrons arrangement of ator Z. ‘Atom Z-2amenpuand neuen d dalam nukes tony, Lakistan suman elektro lat Z Proton number [Nomber pron 8 nutsorgn Sh sha st8r69 chai Fo a ee ee _ Papert Keres Instruction: Each question ifollowedby four options, A,B,C and D. Answerall qustions Ahan: Sup soa du olhempr paw. A,B Cada Dab semua soot. 4 Acctumide is cooled in a boiling 2 Dingram Lshows the heating curve 4 Table I shows the boiling point nd tobe anal solify Which of he esideaphaone meling point af four pare Saniguapepiongeccar mack manamaifer Jaghey suche See ee ee iateecgpoin a 76C? intron ‘ecm angudan dansk — zee) ‘wsane "iting — Bang ‘sheng a chp deen fans Meine Mating, a hs ef ae ng nace rac, pt ‘nwo ng pean ow r |» |» A Weperaiure¢ Q o Ro sai CC) oO & t, ‘Ti inn Diagam 1 ® » / oat c . Which of the following is correct Ss 138, 450 7 abouttc un? J hn te ae Se “aoe ios centre ea mene A. Naphtukene exists as liquid at 10 1, Nafialena wujud sebagai cecatr dari t, eee oo wn Eiets paaguaaea = ‘oe Poh og alah 1B The attractive forees between Nejad cba gts plese bh? ‘mokeeules of napthakene become," p. fox in nw (© Me puns ae oeey aangod — atk 1 ing shows the information ‘Larah-zarah tersusun longgar pada t, 5 Tinkioniy domets sboutan element. Bera monunjbban madame nang fet Naptaknestartimelsat, afore nce, ——_ 40 |_J 3 Alshah found that the sie of Ar ‘naphthalene balls placed ina closet Lg become smal Wht is the Tige wml} prcess that causes the changes in Whats the number of ncuron for the sie ofthe napthalne bails? theelement? epee Asha mendations Heap Bangor ncuron bas ee rie Soren didlo aaarimenin tenet? fect Pes apa ang menaban Aa enbohon sis men? @» a ‘A Meling— (©)Sublimation G15 ‘ PAetaran Ponsa 58 \\ i Boing” Freezing —_ Fated Ahn Renkin ~— —— (nt saying sen so 15860, * ©The following explain the {information about ator K. Bers menerangian minut toa am. Proton number = 9 lege proton, Nucleon number Biron madden 6 Which of the folowing shows the clectrom arrangement of atom K? Aniara berikul, yang manakah Imemautkan suswiem eleven bag somk? [eR + 1 (> — op + We ~— 7 Diagram 2 shows the electron surrangement fun ator. aj 2 memjildan ssoun een gion Diagram 2 Rajah? Which gymbolrepresentatomP? Simbol maak yangmevt atm P? Cp 8 Whatisthemeaningonoopes? Aatah yong dmasation tegen isotop? @ Atoms othe same clement with ‘ilforentmileon numbers ‘Aomvatmnsirangana denon ‘embormdonsoateranan ws Alomsfthesame element with thesame mise orate Jimena Aloms of dflerent_ elements ‘ih diferent proton numer “tonatom usa ynbinan ieasopenta eevee tertanan D Atoms of alter clemens ‘ithsime nsleon number avec sir og boon denannonborndiconsoran a 9) Pai Hamil was dingosed with caer. What isthe top that ean beusedtotreuthindscae? Fu Hon diseikan mony Fans dpttah ep org bok Tmalen took ramet Peal verglapine? 2 Phoxphons-32 fesous 2 @covaes Kobo © Carbon: Karte D Secium-2¢ arian 24 — 10 Whi of the folowing an clement? ‘anuara beikat, yong manuhah Water Acetamine © Seer Cal @uiptur Sule Ccaemiy Forma 11 Diagram shosssan atom. ajahsmenunidonsuatvaton. Diagram 3 ajo 3 Which oF the folowing is correct bout the atom? Aare bert, yng muna boar tenugataneriva? A NumberofelectonisS Brey cern alah B Nucloonnumberis? Nombor nude ala? Proton auanber is Nome ein alah? D Total number of valence electron is? an econ valida? 12 Khulid found that aa underground pipe nearby his house fs leaked Which isotopes that ca be used to identify the location of the leakage? Khalid mendapa pip baa tanah Berhampiran rumainye mongotan Jehocorn. ot manok yang bole lignan wnt mengena pa loka Ieboconun ecb? Sosium-24 B Cobalt-60 Kota © Carbon 14 Karten D Phosphorus32 Fosfor 32 13 What is the isotope used to etermine the age of artifacts? Apa oop yang dgunatan unt ‘reenter nif A Chlorine 37 Kevin 3 B Cobal-60 Kobe ©carron-14 Karton- D Uraniun-238 Urania 238 nutsorgn Sh sha st8r69 chai Fo a (a), Diagram shows standard representation for thre isotopesofoxygen ‘ajoh Lmemanjiben peal powsianbegitis is htop sich = 0 @ «iy sO 'O “

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