VIN C KH

ME3010 C HC K THUT II

B mn C hc ng dng C3-307

BI TP NP ng lc hc

PHN 1. Phng php ng lng, pp nng lng, Phng trnh Lagrange 2

1. ng c c nh vi nn bng bu lng. Phn v c trng lng P. Phn quay c trng lng Q,

lch tm e, quay u vi vn tc gc . Bit : e = 0,0098 m, P = 1,25Q.

a) Xc nh p lc ln nn v lc ct bu lng.
b) Tnh p lc cc i gp 21 ln p lc tnh.
c) B qua ma st, tm chuyn ng ca v ng c sau khi cc bu lng b t thi im trng tm
phn quay c v tr nm ngang bn phi trc quay, gi nguyn gi tr nh trc.
Q
Q
TL: N P Q e 2 sin t , T e 2 cos t , 45 g / e 212, 24 rad / s ,
g
g
Qe
Qe
x
cos t
.
a
P
PQ
PQ
t

A
O

Q
P

e
Mh

O1

Hnh bi 2
Hnh bi 3

Hnh bi 1

2. Trc my khi lng m, quay u vi vn tc gc 0, bn knh qun tnh i vi trc quay O l .

Tc dng vo trc my mmen hm khng i Mh = b, vi b = const > 0.
a) Tm biu thc vn tc gc (t) ca trc my trong giai on hm, thi gian t lc bt u hm n
lc dng.
b) Vi cu hi trn, nu tnh n mmen cn trc Mc = a, vi a = const > 0, l vn tc gc
ca trc my,

b
b
a
1 a b
, T 0 m 2 . b) (t ) 0 e t (e t 1),
, T ln 0
.
TL:a) (t ) 0
2
2
b
a

b
m
m

3. Ngi ta dng tay hm mt trc my ang quay vi tc 0 nh hnh v. Bit trc my c

mmen qun tnh i vi trc quay l J, bn knh R, h s ma st gia trc v m phanh l f. B qua
chiu dy ca m phanh. Cc kch thc khc cho trn hnh v. Trong qu trnh hm dch chuyn quay
OAB quanh O rt b, xem nh OAB ng yn.
a) Tm lc P cn thit phi tc dng u tay hm trc my dng hn sau thi gian T cho trc.
b) Tnh s vng quay m trc quay c trong khong thi gian hm .
J 0 b ef
T
TL:
P
,N 0 .
faRT
4

4. xc nh mmen qun tnh ca mt vt i vi trc AB i qua khi tm C ca vt, ngi ta treo

vt bng hai thanh AD v BE gn cng vo vt, sao cho AB // DE v cng nm ngang. Sau cho vt
dao ng b xung quanh v tr cn bng thng ng v o chu k T ca dao ng. Bit trng lng ca
vt l P, AD = BE = h. B qua trng lng ca cc thanh treo, b qua ma st cc khp quay. Tnh
mmen qun tnh JAB.

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TL:

J AB

T2
h
hP 2 .
g
4

z0

z1

y1

C
A

r
l/2

Hnh bi 4

y0

x 0 x1
l/2

Hnh bi 5

5. Cho khi tr ng cht, khi lng m. Tnh cc mmen qun tnh Jx0, Jy0, Jz0 i vi cc trc qun
tnh chnh Ox0y0z0. Tnh cc mmen qun tnh Jy1, Jy1z1. Cho cc kch thc nh hnh v.
r2 l 2
r2
TL: J x0 J z0 m , J y0 m ,
2
4 12

mr 2 mr 2 ml 2 2
sin
2

,
J

sin .
y1
2
12

4
6. Tr ng cht 1 c mmen qun tnh i
M
vi trc quay l J1, bn knh r1, chu tc dng
mmen M = const. Tr 2 c bn knh nh r2,
bn knh ln R2, mmen qun tnh i vi trc
1
quay l J2. Tr ng cht 3 c trng lng P3,
3
bn knh r3, ln khng trt trn mt phng
2
C
nghing, gc nghing . Dy // mt nghing.
I

Ban u c h nm yn, tm :
a) Gia tc aC ca tm tr 3.
b) Lc cng ca dy, lc ma st ti im tip
Hnh bi 6
xc I.
c) Trng hp ti cc trc quay ca tr 1 v tr 2 c mmen cn tng ng l M1 = k11, M2 = k22,
vi k1, k2: const > 0, 1, 2 l vn tc gc tr 1, tr 2. Tm vn tc vC ca tm tr 3 v gii hn ca
vn tc .
J y1z1

m 2 l2
r
8
3

R
3P
P
3P
MR2 P3 r1 r2 sin
J
TL: aC
, mtg J1 2 22 3 , T 3 aC P3 sin , Fms 3 aC ,
2g
2g
2g
mtg r1r2
r2
r1r2
t

A
1 MR2
1 k1 R22 k2
A
(1 e B ), A

P
sin

,
B

2 2 2 , vgh .

3
B
mtg r1 r2
mtg r1 r2 r2
B

7. C cu hnh tinh chuyn ng trong mt phng ngang (trng lc vung gc vi mt phng hnh v).
Bnh rng 1 c nh, bn knh R1. Bnh rng 2 xem l a ng cht trng lng Q, bn knh R2. Tay
quay OA ng cht c trng lng P chu tc dng ca mmen M = const. Gc n khp gia bnh
rng 1 v 2 l .
a) Tm gia tc gc ca OA v lc n khp S gia hai bnh rng.
b) Nu trn bnh rng 2 c mmen cn Mc= k2, vi k = const, 2 l vn tc gc ca bnh rng 2, tm
biu thc 2(t) v tr s gii hn ca n.
Q R1 R2 M
M
2 P 9Q
TL: a)
, J tg
,
( R1 R2 )2 , S
J tg
2 g cos J tg
6g

vC

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k R1 R2
R2
R2
M
M
b) 2
1 e-t/B , B
, 2 gh
.

2
k R1 R2
J tg R2
k R1 R2
2

Mc

Mc
A
2

r1
O
2

O
M

Hnh bi 8

Hnh bi 7

8. Trc ca ng c gn vi bnh ai 1, bn knh r1. Rto ca ng c cng vi bnh ai 1 c mmen

qun tnh i vi trc quay l J1. Bnh ai 2 trng lng P2, bn knh nh r2, bn knh ln R2, bn knh
qun tnh i vi trc i xng l , ln khng trt trn mt phng nghing, gc nghing . Vt 3
trng lng P3 trt trn mt phng nghing vi h s ma st ng l f. Cc dy // mt nghing.
a) Tm cng sut ca ng c khi vt 3 chuyn ng ln vi vn tc v3 v gia tc a3. T suy ra
cng sut ng c khi v3 = const.
b) Tm lc ma st ti I v lc cng 2 dy khi vt 3 c gia tc a3.
( R r )2 P 2 P P3
TL: a) Wdc mtg a3 ( P2 P3 )sin f P3 cos v3 , mtg J1 2 2 22 2 2 2
,
g
r1 r2
gr2
r2
a

b) T23 P3 3 sin f cos , T12

R2 r2
g

2
P
R
FmsI 2 2 a3 T12 2 .
g r2
r2

P2
2
T

(1

)a3 P2 sin ,
23
2
g
r2

9. Vt 1 trng lng P1 trt xung theo mt

phng nghing, gc nghing , h s ma st

ng l f. Rng rc 2 c trng lng P2. Rng
rc 3 c trng lng P3, bn knh r. Coi cc rng
rc l a ng cht. Hai nhnh dy //. Vt 4 c
trng lng P4. Ban u h ng yn.
a) Tm vn tc v gia tc vt 4 ph thuc di
chuyn h ca n.
b) Tm lc cng ca 3 nhnh dy vng qua rng
rc 2 v rng rc 3.
2 P1 sin f cos P3 P4

TL: v4

2mtg

1
(8P1 4 P2 3P3 2 P4 ) ,
8g
2 P1 sin f cos P3 P4

h,

1
2

4
h
Hnh bi 9

mtg
a4

4mtg

, a1 = 2a4,

a
ma

T1 P1 . sin f cos 1 , T2 T1 2 1 ,
g
2

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m3 a1
.
4
3

10. Tr trn hai tng A trng lng PA = 15 kN, cc bn

knh r = 5 cm, R = 9 cm, bn knh qun tnh i vi trc
qua A l = 6 cm, lc nm ngang F = 4 kN. Tr ng cht
B trng lng PB = 10 kN, bn knh rB = 7 cm. C hai tr
u ln khng trt. Tm cc gia tc tm A, tm B ca mi
tr v lc cng ca dy.
TL: aA = 1,276 m / s2, aB = 0,993 m / s2, T = 0,759 kN.

Hnh bi 10

11. Thanh AB ng cht chiu di 2l, khi lng m t

trong mt phng thng ng. Gi thanh ng yn v tr 0 ri th cho n chuyn ng di tc dng

ca trng lc.B qua ma st trt gia thanh v tng, gia thanh v nn.
a) Xc nh vn tc gc v gia tc gc theo gc nghing .
b) Tnh phn lc do nn v tng tc dng ln thanh theo gc . Suy ra v tr ca thanh khi u mt
A ri tng.
3g
3g
sin ,
TL:
cos 0 cos ,
4 l
2 l
N A ml cos 2 sin , N B mg ml sin 2 cos, ;
2

u mt A ri tng khi arccos cos 0 .

3

12. Lng tr A c trng lng P c th trt khng ma st trn nn ngang

nhn. Tr ng cht C trng lng Q, bn knh r ln khng trt trn mt
nghing ca lng tr. Chn to suy rng l s v x.
a) Lp phng trnh vi phn chuyn ng (PTVPC) ca h.
b) Tm cc tch phn u.
c) Tnh gia tc ca lng tr A.

Hnh bi 11

TL:
a)

PQ
Q
b)
x cos const ,
g
g
Qg sin 2
c)
x
.
3 P Q 2Q cos 2

P Q x Qs cos 0,

s
C

x cos
s g sin .
2

x
P

Hnh bi 12

13. Vt A c khi lng m1 c th trt trn mt nghing nhn, gc nghing . L xo c h s cng

l c, khi c h cn bng A c v tr O. Tm phng c khi lng m2, bn knh qun tnh i vi khi
tm G l , c gn vi vt A bng bn l, khong cch AG = l.
a) Chn to suy rng l xAv , lp PTVPC ca h
b) Tnh phn lc lin kt ta ca nn khi = 0.
TL: a)

c
O

xA

m2 l
x A cos m2 ( 2 l 2 ) m2 g l sin 0,

(m1 m2 )
xA m2 l cos 2 sin cxA 0,
b) N (m1 m2 ) g cos m2 l 2 cos sin .

x
G

Hnh bi 13
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14. Cho con lc kp nh hnh v. Thanh OA chiu di l, khi

lng m1, khong cch t trc quay O n khi tm C1l OC1 =
s1, mmen qun tnh i vi trc quay O l J1. Thanh AB khi
lng m2, khong cch t trc quay A n khi tm C2 l AC2 =
s2, mmen qun tnh i vi trc (// trc quay) i qua khi tm
C2 l J2. L xo xon c h s cng c ni thanh OA vi nn. Khi
= 0 l xo khng bin dng.
a) Thit lp PTVPC ca h theo to suy rng , .
b) Khi coi dao ng l b, hy tuyn tnh ho h phng trnh
va nhn c.

O
c
Hnh bi 14
C1

A
C2

TL:
a) ( J1 m2 l 2 ) m2 l s2cos( ) m2 l s22 sin( ) (m1 s1 m2 l ) g sin c 0,
m2 l s2 cos( ) ( J 2 m2 s22 ) m2 l s2 2 sin( ) m2 gs2 sin 0.
b) ( J1 m2 l 2 ) m2 l s2 [(m1 s1 m2 l ) g c] 0 ,
m l s ( J m s 2 ) m gs 0 .
2

2 2

M2

15. C cu vi sai chuyn ng trong mt phng nm ngang

(trng lc vung gc vi mt phng hnh v). Cc bnh rng 1
v 2 n khp vi nhau, xem l cc a trn ng cht, c khi
lng tng ng l m1, m2. Tay quay OA l thanh ng cht
khi lng m0, chu tc dng ca ngu lc c mmen M0. Bnh
rng 1 chu tc dng ca ngu lc mmen M1. Chn cc gc
quay 0 ca tay quay v gc quay 1 bnh rng 1 lm to
suy rng (ly chiu dng ngc chiu kim ng h). B qua
ma st.
a) Thit lp PTVPC ca h.
b) Nu c ngu lc vi mmen M2 t vo bnh rng 2 th
PTVPC ca h thay i nh th no ?
2m0 9m2
m
2
r1 r2 0 2 r1 r1 r2 1 M 0 ,
6
2
TL: a)
m1 m2 2
m
r1 1 2 r1 r1 r2 0 M 1 .
2
2
r r
Q0 M 0 M 2 1 2 ,
r2
b)
r
Q1 M 1 M 2 1 .
r2

A
r2

M1
M0
O
r1

Hnh bi 15

b
y
P

F(t)
u
C2

a
M(t)

C1

O
Hnh bi 16

16. Tay my chuyn ng trong mt phng thng ng. Khu 1 c khi lng m1 v mmen qun tnh
i vi trc i qua khi tm C1 ca n l J1 v quay quanh trc O. Khu 2 c khi lng m2 v mmen
qun tnh i vi trc i qua khi tm C2 ca n l J2 v chuyn ng tnh tin thng i vi khu 1.
Tc dng mt ngu lc iu khin c mmen M(t) ln khu 1 v mt lc iu khin F(t) ln khu 2.
B qua ma st v lc cn. Thit lp PTVPC ca my theo cc to suy rng v u.
TL:
J1 J 2 m1a2 m2u 2 2m2uu m1a m2u g cos M t , m2 u u 2 m2 g sin F t .
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