ili?uokalani (Hawaiian pronunciation: [lili??uok?'l?ni]; born Lydia Lili?

u Lolok
u Walania Wewehi Kamaka?eha; September 2, 1838
November 11, 1917), was a compose
r of Hawaiian music, author and the last reigning monarch of the Kingdom of Hawa
ii. She reigned from January 29, 1891 until the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawa
ii on January 17, 1893.
She was born on September 2, 1838 in Honolulu, on the island of O?ahu. Her paren
ts were Analea Keohokalole and Caesar Kapa?akea, but she was hanai (informally a
dopted) at birth to Abner Paki and Laura Konia. She was raised with the family o
f Bernice Pauahi Bishop, founder of the Kamehameha Schools. Baptized as a Christ
ian and educated at the Royal School, she and her siblings and cousins were deem
ed eligible for the throne by King Kamehameha III.
She married American businessman John Owen Dominis. The couple had no children o
f their own but had several adopted children. After the accession of her brother
, Kalakaua to the throne as monarch in 1874, she and her siblings were given Wes
tern style titles of Prince and Princess. In 1877, after her younger brother Lel
eiohoku II's death, she was proclaimed as heir to the throne and given the title
Crown Princess. During the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria, she represented he
r brother as an official envoy to the United Kingdom.
Lili?uokalani became monarch on January 29, 1891, after her brother's death. Dur
ing her reign, she attempted to draft a new constitution which would restore the
power of the monarchy and the voting rights of the economically disenfranchised
. Threatened by her attempts to abrogate the Bayonet Constitution, pro-American
elements in Hawaii overthrew the monarchy on January 17, 1893. The overthrow was
backed by the landing of U.S. Marines under John L. Stevens, which rendered the
monarchy unable to protect itself. After the failed 1895 Wilcox Rebellion, the
government of the Republic of Hawaii placed the former queen under house arrest
at the ?Iolani Palace. Attempts were made to restore the monarchy and oppose ann
exation to United States, but with the outbreak of the Spanish American War, the U
nited States annexed the Republic of Hawaii. Living out the remainder of her lat
er life as a private citizen, Lili?uokalani died at her residence of Washington
Place in November 11, 1917