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DESTILACIN DIFERENCIAL
Alumnos:
CASTRO CAMPOS,Wilber
RUIZ QUISPE, Celeste Adriana
HINOSTROSA QUISPE, Josu
I.
GRUPO DE PRCTICA:
MARTES 3 6 pm
OBJETIVOS
II.
Reporte de datos:
xf inicial
peso lastre
aire
peso lastre
H2O
miniial
mdestila
da
mdesech
o
4.2907
5.8913
4.9012
26.78
10.96
15.3
t=
v=
2.72
3.2
2.89
3.2
te
ts
19.5
26
24.7
2.57
3.2
T1
25.4
36.1
40.5
45.4
46.4
44.4
44.4
45.4
45.9
46.4
47.4
47.4
47.8
T2
24.4
38.1
43.4
49.4
50.8
50.8
50.8
52.2
53.2
54.7
55.2
56.2
57.6
T3
25.4
37.1
57.2
69.8
70.8
71.3
72.3
73.8
75.2
76.7
78.2
79.6
80.1
T4
25.4
20.5
20.5
27.8
28.8
26.8
27.3
27.3
25.4
24.9
24.9
24.9
25.11
43.3
49.0
66.7
25.4
III.
CALCULOS
Xd(yw)
5.0378
5.0329
5.0315
5.0285
5.0268
5.0252
5.0220
5.0191
5.0175
5.0117
5.0410
4.9885
4.9824
4.9758
4.9700
4.9621
4.9559
4.9475
4.9395
4.9514
4.9251
d
0.862034
0.866983
0.868397
0.871427
0.873144
0.874760
0.877992
0.880921
0.882537
0.888395
0.858802
0.911827
0.917988
0.924654
0.930512
0.938491
0.944753
0.953237
0.961317
0.949298
0.975861
BALANCE DE MATERIA:
Global
:
F = W + DT
Ms voltil
:
FxF = WxW + DTxD
Para XF
( ww ) f
X F=
MA
( ww ) f
( )(
MA
( ww ) f
MB
0.729858
46
X F=
=0.5142
0.729858
10.729858
+
46
18
)(
w
%(P/P)d %(P/P)w
0.971114 72.9858 19.4841
0.971922 70.9194 18.9313
0.972023 70.3289 18.8622
0.973538 69.0645 17.8256
0.975154 68.3400 16.7199
0.976770 67.6582 15.6143
0.977376 66.2945 15.1997
0.977982 65.0391 14.7851
0.978992 64.3432
14.094
0.979598 61.8204 13.6794
0.980305 74.5263 13.1957
0.982426 51.5801 11.7445
0.926472 48.8343 45.1232
0.985557 45.7878
9.6023
0.988082 42.9888
7.8747
0.989193 39.1763
7.1146
0.991617 36.1111
5.4561
0.992526 31.2877
4.8342
0.994950 26.3558
3.1757
0.996162 33.8425
2.3465
0.997172 16.2152
1.6554
M F =X F M A + ( 1 X F ) M B
M F =0.5142 46 + ( 10. 5142 ) 18=32.3976 kg /kmol
F=
Para XD :
( ww ) d
X D=
MA
( ww ) d + 1 ( ww ) d
( )(
MA
MB
0.5350
46
X D=
=0.3104
0.5350
10.5350
+
46
18
)(
M D =X D M A + ( 1X D ) M B
T
DT =
V D
T
MD
10960 ml 0.9925 g/ ml
=407.54 mol
26.6912 g / mol
Para Xw :
( ww ) w
Xw=
MA
( ww ) w + 1 ( ww ) w
( )(
MA
MB
0.1895
46
Xw=
=0.0838
0.1895
10.1895
+
46
18
)(
M W = X W M A + ( 1X W ) M B
M W =0.0838 46+ ( 10.0838 ) 18=20.3464 kg/kmol
W=
IV.
Cuestionario:
T
(C)
91,0
9
81,9
5
78,1
9
76,1
8
74,9
2
74,0
3
73,3
4
72,7
7
72,2
8
71,8
6
71,4
8
71,1
4
70,8
3
70,5
7
70,3
4
70,1
6
70,0
4
69,9
7
69,9
8
70,0
9
70,3
0
0,0
0
0,0
5
0,1
0
0,1
5
0,2
0
0,2
5
0,3
0
0,3
5
0,4
0
0,4
5
0,5
0
0,5
5
0,6
0
0,6
5
0,7
0
0,7
5
0,8
0
0,8
5
0,9
0
0,9
5
1,0
0
0,00
00
0,32
80
0,44
16
0,50
00
0,53
74
0,56
51
0,58
80
0,60
84
0,62
77
0,64
68
0,66
63
0,68
66
0,70
83
0,73
17
0,75
73
0,78
57
0,81
76
0,85
38
0,89
53
0,94
34
1,00
00
2)
Xw
4.929
8
4.929
0
4.928
9
4.927
4
4.925
8
4.924
2
4.923
6
4.923
0
4.922
0
4.921
4
4.920
7
4.918
6
4.974
0
4.915
5
4.913
0
4.911
9
4.909
5
4.908
6
4.906
2
4.905
0
4.904
0
Xd(y
w)
5.037
8
5.032
9
5.031
5
5.028
5
5.026
8
5.025
2
5.022
0
5.019
1
5.017
5
5.011
7
5.041
0
4.988
5
4.982
4
4.975
8
4.970
0
4.962
1
4.955
9
4.947
5
4.939
5
4.951
4
4.925
1
d
0.86
20
0.86
70
0.86
84
0.87
14
0.87
31
0.87
48
0.87
80
0.88
09
0.88
25
0.88
84
0.85
88
0.91
18
0.91
80
0.92
47
0.93
05
0.93
85
0.94
48
0.95
32
0.96
13
0.94
93
0.97
59
w
0.9711
0.9719
0.9720
0.9735
0.9752
0.9768
0.9774
0.9780
0.9790
0.9796
0.9803
0.9824
0.9265
0.9856
0.9881
0.9892
0.9916
0.9925
0.9950
0.9962
0.9972
%
(P/P)d
72.985
8
70.919
4
70.328
9
69.064
5
68.340
0
67.658
2
66.294
5
65.039
1
64.343
2
61.820
4
74.526
3
51.580
1
48.834
3
45.787
8
42.988
8
39.176
3
36.111
1
31.287
7
26.355
8
33.842
5
16.215
2
%
(P/P)
w
19.484
1
18.931
3
18.862
2
17.825
6
16.719
9
15.614
3
15.199
7
14.785
1
14.094
0
13.679
4
13.195
7
11.744
5
45.123
2
0.5142
0.4886
0.4815
0.4666
0.4582
0.4504
0.4352
0.4216
0.4142
0.3882
0.5341
0.2945
0.2722
9.6023 0.2486
7.8747 0.2281
7.1146 0.2015
5.4561 0.1813
4.8342 0.1514
3.1757 0.1230
2.3465 0.1670
1.6554 0.0705
Xd(Y)
Xw(
X)
0.08
66
0.08
38
0.08
35
0.07
83
0.07
29
0.06
76
0.06
56
0.06
37
0.06
04
0.05
85
0.05
62
0.04
96
0.24
37
0.04
00
0.03
24
0.02
91
0.02
21
0.01
95
0.01
27
0.00
93
0.00
66
Y-X
0.42
76
0.40
48
0.39
80
0.38
83
0.38
53
0.38
28
0.36
96
0.35
79
0.35
38
0.32
97
0.47
79
0.24
49
0.02
85
0.20
87
0.19
57
0.17
24
0.15
92
0.13
19
0.11
03
0.15
76
0.06
39
1/(YX)
2.338
5
2.470
4
2.512
4
2.575
7
2.595
5
2.612
0
2.705
6
2.793
8
2.826
6
3.033
1
2.092
7
4.083
0
35.07
95
4.791
9
5.111
1
5.801
4
6.281
7
7.582
6
9.067
2
6.343
8
15.64
19
X
0.0028
0.0003
0.0051
0.0054
0.0053
0.0020
0.0020
0.0033
0.0019
0.0022
0.0067
0.0069
0.0009
0.0133
0.0140
0.0139
0.0054
0.0055
0.0092
0.0059
0.0047
0.0272
0.1941
0.2037
0.0076
0.0033
0.0070
0.0026
0.0068
0.0034
0.0028
6.8093
suma
8.1402
0.9762
0.0386
0.0190
0.0441
0.0197
0.0619
0.0213
0.0434
Ln(
ln
F
)
W
XF
dX
YX
XW
( WF )= A=ln ( 818.0078
)=8.1402 w=0.2385 mol
W
F=
DT
DT
F-W
DT
818.0078-
0.2385=817.7693mol
FxF = WxW + DTxD
817.7693*XD
818.0078*0.0866 = 0.2385*0.0066 +
XD = 0.086623
XD
TV
90C
xW TW = 84.1C
T0 = 26 C
tm = (tw+ t0)/2 =87.05C
cpA =0.75kcal/kg C
cpB = 0.998kcal/kgC
HF = (xF CPA MA + ( 1 -XF ) CPB MB ) ( TF - TO ) = 5.3988kcal/mol
HW = ( xW CPA MA + ( 1 - xW ) CPB MB ) ( TW - TO )
HW = (0.0838 x 0.65 x 46 +0.91623 x 0.9983 x 18) (84.1-26) = 2396.7869
Kcal/mol
Datos:
Tm = ( Tv + To) / 2 = 58C
cpA = 0.660 kcal/kgC
cpB = 1.0 kcal/kgC
Tv = 90 C
= 3600kw/h
T1
25.4
36.1
40.5
45.4
46.4
44.4
44.4
45.4
45.9
46.4
47.4
47.4
47.8
T2
24.4
38.1
43.4
49.4
50.8
50.8
50.8
52.2
53.2
54.7
55.2
56.2
57.6
T3
25.4
37.1
57.2
69.8
70.8
71.3
72.3
73.8
75.2
76.7
78.2
79.6
80.1
T4
25.4
20.5
20.5
27.8
28.8
26.8
27.3
27.3
25.4
24.9
24.9
24.9
25.11
43.3
49.0
66.7
25.4
TEMPERATURA vs TIEMPO
140
120
100
tiempo (min)
80
60
40
20
T1
T2
T3
T4
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Temperatura (C)
5. Esquematice el equipo usado en la prctica.
V.
VI.
CONCLUSIONES:
Se estudi la separacin por destilacin diferencial de la mezcla de alcohol en agua
Se determin el balance de materia y energa en la practica
DISCUCIONES:
El porcentaje de etanol en la mezcla fue de 41 %
Se determinaron los valores de concentracin, la el tiempo vs la temperatura cambio
para la T3 los dems permanecieron casi constantes.
La energa gastada en el proceso fue de 639251.091 Watts.
El balance de energas terico fueron hallados mediante la ecuacin dada, lo cual nos
da valores de HF =5.3988kcal/mol, HW = 2396.7869 Kcal/mol, HV =0.075
671.508kcal/mol