INTERNATIONAL Iso STANDARD 148-1 First edition 2006-02-15, Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test — Part 1: Test method Matériaux métaliques — Essai de flexion par choc sur éprouvatte Charpy — Partie 1: Méthode d'essai umber 180 148-1:2006(E) © 180 2008OTH go 148-1:2006(E) PDF disclaims ‘This POF fle may contain embedded typtaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing poy, this flo may be pxinied or viewed but shat not be edted unless the typelaces which are embedded are licensed lo and installed on te computer performing the edting. In The test pieces shall havea surface roughness beter than eS um except forthe ends. = tt anotnar height 2 or men ie epocied, the corresponding tlarances shal azo be species For machines with automatic postioning of the test place, is recommended thatthe tolerance be taken a8 + 0,165 mm instead of 042mm, (©150.2000 ~ Als ights reservedmee 180 148-1:2006(E) Annex A (informative) Self-centring tongs ‘The tongs shown in Figure A.1 are offen used to transfer the test piece from the temperature-conditioning ‘medium and to property position the test piece in the Charpy-test machine, Derg memes SRR Aad aN reserved 9953 19%, 4.16 1396 t Dimensions in milimetres 2m 158% 45" 7,94 953, 1,60 to 1,70 0.741.080 04510081 19,96 1,52 t0 165 6910081 Steel pieces siver-soldered to tongs parallel to each other. Figure A.1 — Contring tongs for V-notched Charpy specimens (© 150 2008 — A rais reservedISO 148-1:2006(E) Annex B (informative) Lateral expansion B.1 General ‘A measure of the abilty of the material to resist fracture when subjected (o Uiaxial suesses, such as those at the Foot of the notch in a Charpy test piece, is the amount of deformation that occurs at this location. The deformation in this case is contraction. Because of the dificuties in measuring this deformation, even after fracture, the expansion that occurs at the opposite end ofthe fracture plane is customarily measured and used as a proxy for the contraction. B.2 Procedure ‘The method of measuring lateral expansion should take into account the fact that the fracture plane seldom Lisecis the point of maximum expansion on both sides of a test plece. One-naif of a broken test piece might include the maximum expansion for both sides, one side only, or neither. The techniques used should therefore provide an expansion value, equal to the sum of the higher o the two values obtained for each side, by measuring the two halves separately. The amount of expansion on each side of each half should be measured relative to the plane defined by the undeformed portion of the side of the test piece (see Figure B.1). Expansion may be mesaured by using @ gauge similar to that shown in Figures B.2 and 8.3. Measure the two broken halves individually. First, however, check the sides perpendicular to the notch to ensure that no burrs were formed on these sides during impact testing; f such burrs exist, they should be removed, for example, by rubbing on emery cloth, making sure that the protrusions to be measured are not rubbed during the removal of the burr. Next. place the half specimens together so thatthe surfaces originally opposite the notch are facing one another. Take one of the half specimens (chown as X in Figure 8.1) and press it firmly againet the reference eupporte, with tie protrusions against the gauge anvil. Note the reading, and then repeat this step with the other half specimen (shown as Y in Figure B.1), ensuring that the same side is measured. The larger of the two values is the expansion of that side of the test piece. Next, repeat this procedure to measure the protrusions on the opposite side, and then add the larger values obtained for each side. For example, if 44> 42 and 4g=4,, then Hie = Ay + Ay OF Ay) Ay > Ag and dy > Ay then LE = Ay + ty {fone or more protrusions of atest piece have been damaged by contacting the anvil, machine mounting surface, etc., do not measure the test piece and so indicate the condition in the test report Measure each test piece. SundirOMs reserved "180 148-1:2006() Ag Y x Ay ” A Figure 8.1 — Halves of broken Charpy V-notched impact specimen illustrating the measurement of lateral expansion, dimensions 44, 42, 45, 44, and the original width, dimension w Figure 8.2 — Lateral expansion gauge for Charpy specimens ergy tec epee ere © 180 2008 — All ighs reservedme Te www. ISO 148-1:2006(E) Dimensions en milimetres al $ 94 sateen | { f 7 TT + $4 ul ow | vt [Lz 968% x regen 1 bt 2a on 4 667 603 | 1 2 = hy |g a 1 43,2 889 | 159 Se 588 Key pad made of rubber indicator (metric) Staret #25-481 graduations in 1/100 mm base plate made of stainless steel or chrome-plated steel dial mount made of stainless stee! or chrome-plated stee! For 14-20 UNC screw with 7/8" long socket head to mount the indicator. For M6 « 1 screw with 25 mm socket head, © Lap at assembiy Figure B.3 — Assembly and details for lateral expansion gauge 13Bea all 1SO 148-1:2006(E) NOTE This Annex is based on materi! published in ASTME23, and is used with the permission of ASTM Iniernational, 100 Burt Falur Drive, P.. Bux C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19429-2959, USA. a 1©180 2008 — nights reservedETE ISO 148-1:2006(E) Annex © (informative) Fracture appearance CA General ‘The fracture surface of Charpy test places 1s often rated by the percentage of shear fracture that has occurred. ‘The greater the percentage of shear fracture, the greater the notch toughness of the material. The fracture surface ‘of most Charpy specimens exhibit @ mixture of both shear and cleavage (bite) fracture. Because the rating is extremely subjective, itis recommended that it not be used in specifications. NOTE The torm Morous-racture appearance iy vfler| uot a a 9 leavage-tracture appearance and crystalinit fracture is 100 % cleavage fracture, myn for shearsracture appeerance. The terms re often used to express the opposite of shear fracture. That, 0% shear C.2 Procedures ‘The percentage of shear fracture is commonly determined by any of the following methods: ) measure the length and width of the cleavage portion (the “shiny” portion) of the fracture surface, as ‘shown in Figure C.1, and determine the percent shear from Table C.1 b) compare the appearance of the fracture of the test piece with a fracture-appearance chart, such as that shown in Figure C.2; ©) magnify the fracture surface and compare it to a procalibrated overiay chart, or measure the percent ‘cleavage fracture by means of a planimeter, then calculate percent shear fracture as (100 % ~ percent cleavage fracture); 4) photograph the fracture surface at a suitable magnification and measure the percent cleavage fracture by means of a plenimeter, then calculate percent shear fracture as (100 % — percent cleavage fracture); fe) measure the percent shear fracture by image analysis techniques SG 2a hs reserved 16me Pew 1SO 148-1:2006(E) NOTE 1 Measure average dimensions 4 and # to the nearest 0,5 mm. NOTE 2 Determine the percent shear fracture using Table C.1 Koy 1 shoar arva (dul) 2 notch 3. cleavage area (brite) Figure C.1 — Dotermination of percent shear fracture Table C.1 — Percent shear for measurements made in millimetres A it mom mm} 10 15 20 28 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 10 Percent sh 10] 99 98 08 07 96 6 OS 04 S4 80 02 92 Of 91 90 09 09 00 00 15|98 97 96 95 94 93 92 92 91 90 89 88 87 85 85 84 83 82 BF 20] 98 98 95 96 92 91 90 69 88 86 85 84 62 81 a 79 77 76 75 25/97 95 94 92 91 69 88 8 84 83 &1 80 78 77 75 73 72 70 69 30] 96 94 82 St 89 67 85 63 81 79 77 76 TA 72 70 68 66 64 62 35/96 93 91 89 87 86 82 80 78 76 74 72 69 67 65 63 61 58 56 40/95 92 90 88 85 82 8 77 75 72 70 67 65 62 60 57 55 52 50 45| 04 92 99 86 83 80 77 75 72 68 66 63 61 5B 55 52 49 46 44 so] 94 91 68 85 81 78 75 72 69 66 62 59 56 53 80 47 44 41 97 55/93 90 66 62 79 76 72 69 66 62 50 55 52 48 45 42 38 35 31 eo] 92 69 6 61 77 74 70 66 62 58 55 51 47 44 40 36 33 20 25 | 92 00 e 00 76 72 87 63 59 55 SI 47 43 39 35 oar ws 70|91 87 s2 78 74 69 685 61 S68 52 47 43 39 34 30 26 21 17 12 7s|ot 86 e1 77 72 67 62 58 53 48 44 30 34 30 25 20 16 11 6 eo]90 85 20 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 NOTE 100 % sheariso be reported when ether 4 or is 200, Ae porate searnten {© 150 2000 ~ pigs reservedISO 148-1:2006(E) a) Fracture apparance charts and percent spear fracture comparator HoooooGes 7 60 7 OD 0 10 1b) Gulde for estimating fracture appearance Figure C.2 — Fracture appearance NOTE This Annex is based on material published in ASTM E23, and is used with the permission of ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 18429-2859, USA. Serpe SOO 2g renerved 7ISO 148-1:2006(E) Annex D (informative) Energy absorbed vs. temperature and transition temperature D.A Energy absorbeditemperature curve ‘The energy absuibevtemperalure curve (KVIT curve) shows the eneigy absorbed as a function of the test temperature for a given shape of specimen (see Figure D. 1). In general, the curve is obtained by drawing @ fitted curve through the individual values. The shape of the curve and the scatter of the test values are dependent on the material, the specimen shape, and the impact velocity. In the case of a curve with a transition zone (2), a distinction is made between the upper shelt (1), transition zone and the lower shell (3). temperature Key x YY ansomed energy 1. upper-shetf zone 2. transition zone 3 lower-sheif zone Figure D.1 — Energy absorbeditemperature curve shown schematically D.2 Transition temperature jon temperature 7; characterizes the position ofthe steep rise in the energy absorbed-temperature the steep rise Usualy extends over a fairy wide temperature range, there can be no generally applicable defintion of the transition temperature, The following erttera have, among others, been found useful for determining the transition temperature: negra cent Sinn (0180 2000 — At runes reserved| ape Pee ISO 148-1:2006(E) ‘The transition temperature 7; is the temperature at which a) a particular value of absorbed energy is reached, e.g. KVg=27 J, b) a particular percentage of the absorbed energy of the upper-shelf value is reached, e.g. 50 %, ©) @ particular portion of shear fracture occurs, e.g, 50 %, and 4) a particular amount of lateral expansion (is reached), e.g. 0,9 mm, The choice of the method used to define transition temperature should be specified in the pradurt standard ar y specification, or by agreement, rn oii ght reserved 19O) 2) 8) 4 Bibliography 10 3785, Metallic materials — Designation of test specimen axes in relation to product texture ISO 14556, Stoo! — Charpy V-notch pendulum impact test — Instrumented test method ASTM E23, Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials Nonatad, R.K., Swain, R.L. and Berggran, R.G. Influence of Thermal Conditioning Madia nn Chamy ‘Specimen Test Temperature, ‘Chamy Impact Test: Factors and Variables’, ASTM STP 1072, ASTM, 1990, p. 195 Savnensce 1602008 Al righto roconodoe Pe lwww.anystandards.com) sxegteserem open tresIcs 77,040.10 Price based on 20 pages