Trng Minh Hi

Lp k thut in 31
Khoa k thut v cng ngh
Bi kim tra gia k
Mn hc: mng truyn thong cng nghip
bi: dch ti liu s 10 t trang 1 n trang 112

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1

SIMENS
SIMATIC
Lp trnh vi STEP 7
Hng dn s dng.
1) Gii thiu sn phm v cch ci t phn mm
2) Ci t.
3) Lm vic trn cc khi nim t ng ha.
4) Thit k c bn ca mt cu trc chng trnh.
5) Khi ng v hot ng ca chng trnh.
6) Thit lp v chnh sa cc d n.
7) Bin tp n vi cc phin bn khc nhau ca STEP 7
8) Xc nh biu tng.
9) To cc khi v cc th vin.
10)
iu c bn ca vic to ra cc khi logic.
11)
To cc khi d liu.
12)
Tham s chuyn nhng cho cc khi d liu
13)
To STL cc tp tin ngun
14)
Hin th cc d liu tham kho.
15)
Kim tra khi thng nht v thi gian nh thuc tnh khi.
16)
Thit lp v chnh sa cc d n.
17)
Kim sot v gim st cc bin.
18)
Thit lp mt kt ni trc tuyn v cho thit b CPU
19)
Ti v v ti ln.
20)
Th nghim vi bng bin.
21)
Th nghim bng cch s dng tnh trng chng trnh
22)
Th nghim bng cch s dng chng trnh m phng (ty chn
gi).
23)
Chn on.
24)
In n v lu tr.
25)
Lm vic vi M7 h thng iu khin lp trnh.
26)
Mo v th thut.
27)
Ph lc
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2

Hng dn s dng ny c cha thng bo bn phi quan st m bo an

ton c nhn ca bn, cng nh ngn chn thit hi n ti sn.Thng bo
cp n s an ton c nhn ca bn c nhn mnh trong hng dn bi mt biu
tng cnh bo an ton, thng bo m ch n thit hi v ti sn khng c biu
tng an ton cnh bo.Cc thng bo ny c hin th di y l im theo
mc nguy him.
! nguy him
ch ra rng t vong hoc thng tch c nhn nghim trng s dn n nu cc bin
php phng nga thch hp khng c thc hin.

! cnh bo
ch ra rng t vong hoc thng tch c nhn nghim trng c th dn n nu cc
bin php phng nga thch hp khng c thc hin.

! thn trng
vi biu tng an ton cnh bo, ch ra rng c nhn nh c th dn n thng tt
nu cc bin php phng nga thch hp khng c thc hin.
khng c mt biu tng cnh bo an ton, cho thy thit hi ti sn c th dn n
nu bin php phng nga thch hp khng c thc hin.

! ch
cho thy mt kt qu ngoi mun hay mt tnh hung c th xy ra nu cc thng
tin tng ng khng c a vo ti khon

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3

Nu nhiu hn mt mc nguy him l hin nay, thng bo cnh bo i din

cho mc nguy him cao nht s c s dng.Mt cnh bo thng bo v
thng tch cho ngi c mt biu tng cnh bo an ton cng c th bao gm
mt cnh bo lin quan n thit hi v ti sn.
Nhn vin trnh .
Cc sn phm / h thng c m t trong ti liu ny c th ch c vn hnh
bi i ng cn b trnh cho cc nhim v c th ph hp vi dcumentation
cho cc nhim v c th c lin quan, c bit l trong thng bo cnh bo v
hng dn an ton. Nhn vin iu kin l nhng ngi, trn c s o to v
kinh nghim ca h, c kh nng xc nh cc ri ro v trnh nguy him tim nng
khi lm vic vi cc sn phm / h thng.
S dng ng sn phm Siemens
lu nhng iu sau y:
! cnh bo
Sn phm siemens ch c th c s dng cho cc ng dng c m t trong
danh mc v trong ti liu k thut c lin quan.Nu sn phm v cc thnh phn
t cc nh sn xut khc c s dng, phi c ngh hoc ph chun bi
siemens.thch hp vn chuyn, lu tr, ci t, lp rp, vn hnh, vn hnh v bo
tr c yu cu m bo rng cc sn phm hot ng mt cch an ton v
khng c bt k vn .Cc iu kin mi trng cho php phi c tn
trng.Cc thng tin trong cc ti liu c lin quan phi c quan st
nhn hiu hng ho.
Tt c cc tn c xc nh bi nhn hiu ng k ca Siemens AG.Cc
thng hiu cn li trong n phm ny c th l cc nhn hiu c s dng bi cc
bn th ba cho mc ch ring ca h c th vi phm cc quyn ca ch s hu.
t chi nhn trch nhim php l.
Chng ti xem xt cc ni dung ca n phm ny m bo tnh nht qun
vi cc phn cng v phn mm c m t.K t khi khng c th b cn tr
khng ng hon ton, chng ti khng th m bo tnh thng nht y .Tuy
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4

nhin, cc thng tin trong n phm ny c xem xt thng xuyn v bt k sa

cha cn thit c bao gm trong cc phin bn tip theo.
Li ta
Mc ch
Hng dn s dng ny cung cp mt ci nhn tng quan y ca chng
trnh vi STEP 7. N c thit k h tr bn khi ci t v vn hnh th phn
mm. N gii thch lm th no tin hnh khi to ra cc chng trnh v m t
cc thnh phn ca cc chng trnh ca ngi s dng. Hng dn s dng ny l
dnh cho nhng ngi c lin quan trong vic thc hin nhim v kim sot bng
cch s dng STEP 7 v t ng ha h thng SIMATIC S7. Chng ti khuyn bn
nn t lm quen vi cc v d trong hng dn s dng "Lm vic vi STEP 7
V5.5, Bt u". Nhng v d ny cung cp mt gii thiu d dng ch "Lp
trnh vi STEP 7".
Kin thc c bn c yu cu
hiu c kin thc tng qut, hng dn s dng cng ngh t ng ha l
bt buc. Ngoi ra, bn phi lm quen vi vic s dng my tnh hoc cc cng c
tng t my tnh (v d, cc thit b lp trnh) vi MS Windows XP, MS Windows
Server 2003 hoc h iu hnh MS Windows 7 h thng.
Phm vi Manual
Hng dn s dng ny l hp l cho bn pht hnh 5.5 ca 7 BC gi phn
mm lp trnh.Bn c th tm thy cc thng tin mi nht v cc gi dch v.
trong file "readme.rtf"
trong s gip cp nht trc tuyn STEP7.
Ch "C g mi khng?" trong tr gip trc tuyn cung cp mt gii thiu
tuyt vi v tng quan v mi nht Bc 7 i mi.
STEP7 Ti liu gi
S tay ny l mt phn ca gi ti liu "STEP7 Thng tin c bn"
Bng ny trnh by tng quan v cc ti liu hng dn STEP7
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5

Ti liu

Mc ch

S n t hng

Thng tin c bn ca Nhng thng tin c bn 6ES7810-4CA10-8BW0

STEP7
v k thut 6ES78104CA10-8BW0 Lm vic
Lm vic vi
vi STEP7, nhn vin
STEP7, nhn vin m t cc phng php
m t cc phng Bt u Hng dn thc
php Bt u hin nhim v kim sot
Manua.
vi STEP7 v lp trnh
Lp
trnh
vi S7-300/400 vi b iu
khin lp trnh STEP7
STEP 7
Cu hnh phn
cng v kt ni
truyn
thng,
STEP 7
T S5 S7, Chuyn
i Manual
tham chiu vi STEP7
Ladder
Logic
(LAD) / Khi chc
nng m t S
lp trnh (FDB) /
Danh
sch
Statement (STL)
cho cc ngn ng
LAD, FBD v
STL,
v
S7-

Cung cp thng tin tham 6ES7810-4CA10-8BW1

kho v Logic 6ES78104CA10-8BW1 Ladder
(LAD) / Khi chc nng
m t S lp trnh
(FDB) / Danh sch
Statement (STL) cho cc
ngn ng LAD, FBD v
STL, v S7-300/400
hng dn s dng tiu
chun v m rng h
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6

300/400
hng thng chc nngphm vi
dn s dng.
ca tiu chun v h
thng Chc nng STEP7
Tiu chun v
thng tin c bn
STEP 7 chc nng
h thng thng tin
c bn. cho S7300/400
Tp 1 v Tp 2

Tr gip trc tuyn

Gip v STEP7

Mc ch

S n t hng

Thng tin c bn v lp
trnh Mt phn ca
STEP7 v cu hnh phn
cng vi phn mm tiu
chun. STEP7 trong cc
hnh thc tr gip trc
tuyn.

Ti liu tham kho gip

Bi cnh nhy cm
Mt phn ca phn
AWL / KOP /
thng tin tham kho
mm STEP 7 tiu chun
Ti liu tham kho gip
v SFBs / SFCs
Ti liu tham kho gip
v Blocks T chc
FUP

Tr gip trc tuyn

Hng dn s dng c b sung bi mt tr gip trc tuyn c tch hp
trong phn mm.
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7

Tr gip trc tuyn ny c thit k cung cp cho bn vi s h tr chi

tit khi s dng phn mm.
H thng tr gip c tch hp trong phn mm thng qua mt s giao din:
C mt s lnh ca menu m bn c th chn trong menu Help:
Ni dung lnh m ra cc ch s cho Tr gip STEP 7
S dng Tr gip cung cp hng dn chi tit v cch s dng tr gip
trc tuyn.
Bi cnh nhy cm gip cung cp thng tin v bi cnh hin nay, v
d, mt hp thoi m ra mt ca s hot ng. Bn c th m s gip
contextsensitive bng cch nhn vo nt "Tr gip" hoc bng cch nhn
F1.
Thanh trng thi cung cp mt hnh thc gip bi cnh nhy cm. N
hin th mt li gii thch ngn cho mi lnh trnh n khi con tr chut
c t trn menu lnh.
Mt li gii thch ngn gn cng c hin th cho mi biu tng trn
thanh cng c khi con tr chut c t vo biu tng trong mt thi
gian ngn.
Nu bn thch c thng tin t s gip trc tuyn trong nh dng
in, bn c th in ra cc ch tr gip c nhn, sch, hoc s gip
trc tuyn ton b.
iu hng dn s dng ny, cng nh hng dn s dng "Cu hnh
kt ni phn cng v Truyn thng STEP7", "modifiying h thng Trong
qu trnh hot ng thng qua CIR" v "h thng t ng S7-400H - chu
li h thng" l mt chit xut t HTML Help da trn STEP7.i vi
cc th tc chi tit xin vui lng tham kho s gip STEP7. Khi cc
hng dn s dng v chia s trc tuyn gip cu trc gn nh ging
ht nhau, n rt d dng chuyn i gia cc hng dn s dng v
tr gip trc tuyn.
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8

Bn c th tm thy cc hng dn s dng in t sau khi ci t Bc

7 thng qua menu Start ca Windows: Start> SIMATIC> Documentation.
H tr Hn na
Nu bn c bt k cu hi k thut, xin vui lng lin lc vi i din Siemens
ca bn hoc i l c trch nhim.
Bn s tm thy ngi lin lc ca bn ti:
http://www.siemens.com/automation/partner
Bn s tm thy mt hng dn cc ti liu k thut c cung cp cho cc
sn phm SIMATIC c nhn v h thng ti:
http://www.siemens.com/simatic-tech-doku-portal
Cc ca hng trc tuyn v h thng t hng c tm thy di:
http://mall.automation.siemens.com/
trung tm o to
Siemens cung cp mt s cc kha o to bn lm quen vi h thng t
ng ha SIMATIC S7.Xin vui lng lin h vi trung tm o to khu vc ca
bn hoc trung tm trung tm o to ca chng ti trong D 90.026 Nuremberg,
c bit thm chi tit: Internet:
http://www.sitrain.com
H tr k thut
Bn c th n h tr k thut cho tt c cc T ng ha Cng nghip v cc
sn phm cng ngh a
Thng qua cng thc Web cho cc yu cu h tr
http://www.siemens.com/automation/support-request
Thng tin thm v h tr k thut ca chng ti c th c tm thy
trn cc trang Internet
http://www.siemens.com/automation/service
Dch v & H tr trn Internet
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9

Ngoi ra ti liu hng dn ca chng ti, chng ti cung cp ca

chng ti bit lm th no trc tuyn trn internet ti:
http://www.siemens.com/automation/service&support
Ni bn s tm thy nhng iu sau y:
Cc bn tin, thng xuyn cung cp cho bn up-to-date thng tin v
sn phm ca bn.
Quyn ti liu thng qua chc nng tm kim ca chng ti trong
Dch v & H tr.
Mt din n, ni ngi dng v cc chuyn gia t khp ni trn th
gii trao i kinh nghim ca h.

i din a phng ca bn cho t ng ha Cng nghip v Cng

ngh a.

Thng tin v lnh vc dch v, sa cha, ph tng thay th v t vn.

Ni dung

1. Gii thiu v sn phm v ci t phn mm............................... 23

1.1 Tng quan v STEP
1,2 tiu chun STEP 7
1,3 C g mi trong Bc 7, phin bn .......................................... 3
1,4 m rng s dng ca gi tiu chun Bc 7. .......................... 35
1.4.1 Cng c K thut .................................................................. 37
1.4.2 Run-Time phn mm ............................ ............................... 39
1.4.3 Giao din n.................................... ....................................... 41
2. Ci t ...............................................................................................43
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10

2.1 T ng ha Giy php qun l ...................................................... 43

2.1.1 Quyn Thng qua Giy php Manager T ng ha .................. 43
2.1.2 Ci t License Manager t ng ................................................ 46
2.1.3 Hng dn x l cc phm giy php .......................................... 47
2.2 Ci t STEP .. 48
2.2.1 Th tc ci t .............................................................................. 50
2.2.2 Thit lp cc giao din PG / PC. .................................................. 53
2.3 G ci t STEP 7 .......................................................................... 55
2.4 quyn thnh vin ............................................................................ 55
2.4.1 Quyn trong MS Windows XP / Server 2003 .............................. 55
2.4.2 Quyn trong MS Windows 7 ................... .................................. 56
3. Lm vic thc Khi nim T ng ha ....................................... 59
3.1 Th tc c bn Lp k hoch mt d n T ng ha ................... 59
3,2 Chia qu trnh thnh Nhim v v Khu vc ................................... 60
3,3 M t cc khu chc nng c nhn ................................................... 62
3,4 Lit k u vo, u ra, v / Outs .................................................. 64
3,5 To mt S I / O cho cc Motors ............................................. 65
3,6 To mt S I / O cho Van ........................................................ 66
3,7 thnh lp Yu cu an ton .............................................................. 67
3,8 M t Hin th cc nh iu hnh bt buc v kim sot ............. 68
3,9 To mt s cu hnh ................................................................... 69

4. Khi nim c bn ca thit k mt cu trc Chng trnh ........ 71

4.1 Chng trnh trong mt CPU .......................................................... 71
4,2 hng dn dng khi trong chng trnh ............................... 72
4.2.1 khi t T chc v Cu trc chng trnh .................................. 73
4.2.2 Gi Hierarchy trong chng trnh ca Hng dn dng ............. 80
4.2.3 Cc loi L ................................................................................... 82 4.2.3.1
T chc kha cho chng trnh ch bin Cyclic (OB1)............ 82
4.2.3.2 Chc nng (FC) ......................................................................... 88
4.2.3.3 Chc nng Blocks (FB) ............................................................ 90
4.2.3.4 Khi d liu s thm ................................................................. 93
4.2.3.5 d liu c chia s Blocks (DB) ............................................ 96
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11

4.2.3.6 H thng Chc nng Blocks (SFB) v h thng Chc nng (SFC)
.................................................................................................... 97
4.2.4 T chc khi cho ch bin Chng trnh Interrupt-Driven ........ 99
4.2.4.1 Time-of-Day Interrupt T chc Blocks (OB10 OB17) .......... 100
4.2.4.2 Thi gian-Delay Interrupt T chc Blocks (OB20 OB23) ..... 102
4.2.4.3 T chc ngt vng Blocks (OB30 OB38)................................ 103
4.2.4.4 Phn cng ngt T chc khi (OB40 OB47) .......................... 105
4.2.4.5 T chc khi ng khi (OB100 / OB101 / OB102) ............ 106
4.2.4.6 Bi cnh T chc khi (OB90) ............................................... 108
4.2.4.7 X l li T chc khi (OB70 n OB87 / OB121 OB122)
.. 110
5. khi ng v hot ng
5,1 Bt u t Bc 7 ........................................................................ 113
5,2 Bt u t Bc 7 vi cc tham s khi ng mc nh .......... 0,114
5,3 Ku gi cc Chc nng Tr gip ................................................. 117
5,4 i tng v phn cp i tng .. 118
5.4.1 D n Object .......................................................................... 119
5.4.2 Th vin
5.4.3 Trm Object .......................................................................... 122
5.4.4 M-un i tng lp trnh .................................................. 124
5.4.5 S7/M7 Chng trnh Object ................................................. 126
5.4.6 Khi Th mc i tng ....................................................... 128
5.4.7 ngun tp tin th mc i tng............................................. 131
5.4.8 S7/M7 Chng trnh m khng c mt trm hoc CPU ....... 132
5.5 Giao din ngi dng v hot ng ......................................... 133
5.5.1 iu hnh Trit hc ................................................................. 133
5.5.2 B tr ca s ............................................................................ 134
5.5.3 Cc yu t trong cc hp thoi .............................................. 135
5.5.4 To v qun l i tng ........................................................ 136
5.5.5 La chn cc i tng trong mt hp thoi ......................... 142
5.5.6 phin b nh ........................................................................... 143
5.5.7 Thay i B tr ca s ............................................................ 143
5.5.8 Lu v khi phc s sp xp ca s ....................................... 144
5.6 Bn phm hot ng .................................................................. 145
5.6.1 Bn phm iu khin ............................................................... 145
5.6.2 Kt hp chnh cho cc lnh ca menu .................................... 145
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12

5.6.3 Kt hp chnh di chuyn con tr........................................ 147

5.6.4 Kt hp chnh chn vn bn ............................................... 149
5.6.5 Kt hp chnh truy cp Tr gip Trc tuyn ..................... 149
5.6.6 Kt hp chnh Chuyn qua chuyn li gia cc ca s ....... 150
6. Thit lp v chnh sa d n ...................................................... 153
6.1 Cu trc d n ............................................................................. 153
6,2 Bn nn bit v bo v truy cp .................................................. 155
6,3 Bn nn bit g v thay i ng nhp ....................................... 158
6,4 S dng ngn ng nc ngoi nhn vt b ............................... 159
6,5 Thit MS ca s Ngn ng ......................................................... 162
6,6 Thit lp mt d n ..................................................................... 163
6.6.1 To mt d n ......................................................................... 163
6.6.2 Chn trm ................................................................................. 165
6.6.3 Chn mt chng trnh S7/M7 ................................................ 166
6,7 Chnh sa mt D n .................................................................. 168
6.7.1 Kim tra cc d n cho cc gi phn mm c s dng........ 169
6.7.2 Qun l ni dung a ngn ng .................................................. 169
6.7.2.1 Cc loi ni dung a ngn ng .............................................. 172
6.7.2.2 Cu trc ca cc tp tin xut khu ......................................... 173

1. Gii thiu Sn phm v ci t phn mm

1.1. Tng quan v STEP 7
STEP7 l g?
Bc 7 l gi phn mm tiu chun c s dng cho cu hnh v lp
trnh iu khin logic SIMATIC lp trnh. N l mt phn ca ngnh cng
nghip phn mm SIMATIC. C cc phin bn ca gi phn mm STEP 7
tiu chun sau y:
STEP 7 Micro / DOS v STEP 7 Micro / Win cho cc ng dng c
lp n gin ca SIMATIC S7-200.
STEP7 dng cho cc ng dng trn SIMATIC S7-300/S7-400,
SIMATIC M7-300/M7-400 v SIMATIC C7 vi mt phm vi rng
hn cc chc nng:
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13

- C th c m rng nh mt la chn bi cc sn phm phn

mm trong cng nghip phn mm SIMATIC (xem thm m
rng S dng gi cc Standard STEP7)
- C hi tham s module chc nng v x l thng tin lin lc
- Buc v ch multicomputing
- D liu truyn thng ton cu
- Event-driven truyn d liu bng cch s dng cc khi chc
nng thng tin lin lc
- Cu hnh kt ni
STEP7 l ch ca ti liu ny, STEP 7 Micro c m t trong ti liu
"STEP 7 Micro / DOS".
nhim v c bn:
Khi bn to ra mt gii php t ng ha vi STEP 7, c mt lot cc
nhim v c bn. Hnh di y cho thy cc nhim v cn c thc
hin cho hu ht cc d n v gn chng vo mt th tc c bn. N
cp chng c lin quan nh vy s c c hi di chuyn qua hng dn
s dng tm thng tin lin quan n nhim v.

Ci t STEP 7
k hoch iu khin khi
nim v cu trc chng
trnh thit k

bt u STEP7 v to mt
d n
?

cu hnh phn cng by gi l g ?

YES
Cu hnh v kt ni phn cng
.cu hnh cc m-un
. mng li cc trm
.gi khi trong chng trnh .xc
nh cc k hiu a phng

?
xc nh biu tng

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14

NO

YES

lp trnh no thay v biu tng

ca chng trnh tuyt i?

to ra chng trnh ca ngi s

dng
- chng trnh khi
- gi khi trong chng trnh
- xc nh cc k hiu a phng

ty chn:

-Chng trnh thng ip

- Cu hnh cc bin kim sot vn hnh "v
gim st

Thay th th tc.
Nh th hin trong hnh trn, bn c hai th tc thay th: Bn c th cu
hnh phn cng u tin v sau chng trnh khi.

Bn c th, tuy nhin, chng trnh cc khi u tin m khng cn cu

hnh phn cng. Ny c khuyn khch dch v v bo tr cng trnh, v
d, tch hp cc khi lp trnh vo trong mt d n hin c.

M t tm tt cc bc c nhn.

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15

 Ci t STEP 7 v cc phm giy php ln u tin bn s dng STEP 7, ci

t n v chuyn cc phm giy php t a vo a cng (xem thm Ci t
STEP 7 v y quyn)
K hoch iu khin ca bn Trc khi bn lm vic vi STEP 7, k hoch
gii php t ng phn chia qu trnh thnh cc nhim v c nhn to ra
mt s cu hnh (xem thm th tc c bn cho k hoch mt d n T
ng ha).
Thit k cu trc chng trnh Quay nhim v c m t trong bn d
tho ca thit k iu khin ca bn thnh mt cu trc chng trnh bng
cch s dng cc khi c sn trong Bc 7 (xem thm khi trong chng
trnh ca ngi dng).
Start STEP 7
You start STEP 7 from the Windows user interface (see also Starting
STEP7).
To mt cu trc d n
Mt d n nh mt th mc trong tt c cc d liu c lu tr trong
mt cu trc phn cp v c sn cho bn bt c lc no. Sau khi bn to
ra mt d n, tt c cc nhim v khc c thc hin trong d n ny (xem
cu trc d n).
Cu hnh mt trm
Khi bn cu hnh cc trm bn ch nh b iu khin lp trnh bn mun
s dng, v d, SIMATIC 300, 400 SIMATIC SIMATIC S5 (xem cng Chn
trm).
cu hnh phn cng
Khi bn cu hnh phn cng m bn ch nh trong mt bng cu hnh mun bn mun s dng cho cc gii php t ng ha ca bn v a ch
c s dng truy cp vo cc m-un t chng trnh ngi dng. Cc

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16

c tnh ca cc m-un cng c th c ch nh bng cch s dng cc

thng s (xem thm th tc c bn cho vic cu hnh phn cng)
Cu hnh cc mng v cc kt ni thng tin lin lc
C s cho vic thng tin lin lc l mt mng li c cu hnh sn. i
vi iu ny, bn s cn to ra cc mng con cn thit cho cc mng t
ng ha ca bn, thit lp cc thuc subnet, v thit lp cc thuc tnh kt
ni mng v kt ni thng tin lin lc cn thit cho cc trm kt ni mng
(xem Th tc Cu hnh mt Subnet).
Xc nh biu tng
Bn c th nh ngha cc k hiu a phng hoc chia s, c tn m t
nhiu hn, trong mt bng biu tng s dng thay v a ch tuyt i
trong chng trnh ngi dng ca bn (xem To mt bng k hiu).
To ra cc chng trnh
S dng mt trong cc ngn ng lp trnh c sn to ra mt chng trnh
lin kt vi mt m-un hoc c lp ca mt module v lu n nh cc
khi, cc tp tin m ngun, hoc biu (xem Th tc c bn to ra cc
khi Logic v Thng tin c bn v lp trnh trong tp tin ngun STL).
S7 ch: to ra v nh gi cc d liu tham kho
Bn c th s dng nhng d liu tham kho lm cho g li v sa i
chng trnh ngi dng ca bn d dng hn (xem thm Tng quan v cc
d liu tham kho c sn)
Cu hnh thng ip
Bn to ra khi lin quan n tin nhn, v d, vi cc vn bn v cc thuc
tnh ca h. S dng chng trnh truyn ti m bn chuyn d liu cu hnh
tin nhn c to ra nh iu hnh h thng giao din c s d liu (v
d, SIMATIC WinCC, SIMATIC ProTool), thy cng Cu hnh tin nhn.
Cu hnh nh iu hnh v kim sot cc bin quan trc
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17

Bn to ngi iu khin v cc bin gim st mt ln trong STEP 7 v

gn cho chng nhng thuc tnh cn. S dng chng trnh truyn ti m
bn chuyn n ngi iu khin v cc bin gim st to ra c s d liu
ca h thng iu hnh giao din WinCC (xem thm Cu hnh bin kim
sot, iu hnh v gim st).
Ti cc chng trnh iu khin lp trnh
S7: sau khi tt c cc cu hnh, phn cng tham s, v cng vic lp trnh
c hon thnh, bn c th ti v ton b chng trnh ngi dng ca bn
hoc cc khi c nhn t n iu khin lp trnh (lp trnh m-un cho
cc gii php phn cng ca bn). (Xem thm Yu cu ti v.) CPU
cha h iu hnh. M7: chn mt h iu hnh thch hp cho cc gii php
t ng ha ca bn t mt s h iu hnh khc nhau ny v chuyn ring
ca mnh hoc cng vi cc chng trnh ngi s dng cc phng tin
truyn d liu cn thit ca h thng kim sot lp trnh M7.
kim tra cc chng trnh
S7: th nghim, bn c th hin th cc gi tr ca cc bin t chng
trnh ngi dng ca bn hoc mt CPU, gn gi tr cho cc bin, hoc to
ra mt bng bin cho cc bin m bn mun hin th hoc sa i (xem thm
Gii thiu v Kim tra vi cc Variable Bng). M7: kim tra chng trnh
ngi s dng vi mt cng c g li ngn ng cp cao.

Gim st hot ng, chn on phn cng

Bn xc nh nguyn nhn gy ra mt li m-un bng cch hin th
thng tin trc tuyn v mt m-un. Bn xc nh nguyn nhn gy ra li
trong chng trnh ch bin ca ngi dng vi s gip ca b m chn
on v ni dung ngn xp. Bn cng c th kim tra xem mt chng trnh
ngi dng c th chy trn mt CPU c th (xem thm Hardware
Diagnostics Thng tin M-un Hin th).

Ti liu nh my
Sau khi bn to ra mt d n / nh my, n lm cho tinh thn sn
xut ti liu r rng ca d liu ca d n thc hin chnh sa thm hot
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18

ng ca d n v bt k dch v d dng hn (xem In n ti liu d n).

DOCPRO, cng c ty chn cho vic to v qun l ti liu nh my, cho
php bn cu trc d liu d n, t n vo hnh thc hng dn s dng h
thng dy in, v in n ra trong mt nh dng ph bin.
Chuyn ngnh ch
Khi bn to ra mt gii php t ng ha c mt s ch c bit m c
th bn quan tm:
Multicomputing - ng b hot ng ca CPU Mt s (xem cng
Multicomputing - hot ng ng b ca cc CPU Mt s)
Nhiu ngi dng lm vic trong mt d n (xem thm nhiu hn mt d n
Chnh sa ti)
Lm vic vi M7 H thng (xem thm Th tc M7 Systems)

1.2 Bc 7 gi sn phm chun

tiu chun s dng
Cc ngn ng lp trnh SIMATIC tch hp trong Bc 7 l ph hp vi
EN 61.131-3.Gi tiu chun ph hp vi trit l hot ng ha v
hng i tng ca Windows v chy di h iu hnh MS Windows
XP Professional (ch n gin l cc ca s XP di y), MS windows
server 2003 v kinh doanh MS ca s 7, doanh nghip cui cng.
Chc nng ca gi tiu chun.
Cc phn mm tiu chun h tr bn trong tt c cc giai on ca qu
trnh to mt nhim v t ng ha, chng hn nh:
Thit lp v qun l cc d n
Cu hnh v gn cc thng s phn cng v thng tin lin lc
Qun l cc biu tng
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19

 To cc chng trnh, v d, cho S7 iu khin lp trnh

Ti cc chng trnh cho cc b iu khin lp trnh
Kim tra h thng t ng ha
Chn on tht bi
Bc 7 phn mm giao din ngi dng c thit k p
ng thi mi nht ca nh nc-of-the-art v lm cho n d dng
cho bn bt u.
Cc ti liu cho sn phm Bc 7 phn mm cung cp tt c cc
thng tin trc tuyn trong tr gip trc tuyn v hng dn s dng
in t nh dng PDF.
ng dng trong STEP 7
Bc 7 Tiu chun gi cung cp mt lot cc ng dng (cng c)
trong phn mm:

Bn khng cn m cc cng c ring bit, chng c bt u t ng khi bn

chn chc nng tng ng hoc m mt i tng.
SIMATIC qun l

trang
20

Qun l SIMATIC qun l tt c cc d liu thuc v mt d n t ng bt k l h

thng iu khin lp trnh (S7/M7/C7) c thit k cho. Cc cng c cn thit
chnh sa cc d liu chn c bt u t ng ca cc Trng SIMATIC.

Symbol Editor With the Symbol Editor you manage all the shared symbols. The
following functions are available:
Setting symbolic names and comments for the process signals
(inputs/outputs), bit memory, and blocks
Sort functions

Import/export to/from other Windows programs

The symbol table created with this tool is available to all the other tools. Any
changes to the properties of a symbol are therefore recognized automatically by all
tools.
Chn on phn cng
Cc chc nng ny cung cp cho bn mt ci nhn tng quan v tnh trng ca b
iu khin lp trnh. Mt tng quan c th hin th cc biu tng xem tt c cc
m-un c mt li hay khng. Mt nhp p chut vo cc m-un b li hin th
thng tin chi tit v li. Phm vi ca thng tin ny ph thuc vo cc m-un c nhn:
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21

Hin th thng tin tng qut v module (v d, s th t, phin bn, tn) v

tnh trng ca cc m-un (v d, b li)
Hin th li m-un (v d, li knh) trung tm cho cc I / O v DP n l

Hin th tin nhn t b m chn on

i vi CPU thm cc thng tin sau c hin th:

Nguyn nhn ca li trong vic x l ca mt chng trnh ngi dng

Hin th thi gian chu k ca chu k di nht ngn nht, v cui cng,

B K hoch v u t thng tin kh nng v ti

Hin th d liu hiu sut (s lng u vo / u ra, b nh bit, b m,

b nh thi, v cc khi c th)

Ngn ng lp trnh

Cc ngn ng lp trnh Ladder Logic, Danh sch Statement, v s khi

chc nng cho S7-300 v S7-400 l mt phn ca gi tiu chun.
Ladder Logic (hoc LAD) l mt i din ha ca ngn ng lp trnh
Bc 7. C php ca n cho cc hng dn tng t nh mt s logic
bc thang tip: Ladder cho php bn theo di cc dng cng sut gia
ng ray in khi n i qua a ch lin lc khc nhau, cc yu t phc
tp, v cun dy u ra.

Danh sch tuyn b (hoc STL) l mt i din vn bn ca ngn ng lp

trnh bc 7, tng t nh m my. Nu mt chng trnh c vit trong
Danh sch Tr, hng dn c nhn tng ng vi cc bc m CPU thc
hin cc chng trnh. lm cho lp trnh d dng hn, Danh sch Tr
c m rng bao gm mt s cng trnh ngn ng cp cao (chng hn
nh truy cp d liu c cu trc v cc thng s khi).

Khi chc nng Diagram (FBD) l mt i din ha ca ngn ng lp

trnh bc 7 v s dng cc hp quen thuc t i s Boolean logic i
din cho logic. Cc chc nng phc tp (v d, chc nng ton hc) c th
c biu din trc tip kt hp vi hp logic.
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22

Cc ngn ng lp trnh khc c sn nh l gi ty chn.

Phn cng Configuratio

Bn s dng cng c ny cu hnh v gn cc thng s phn cng ca mt d n
t ng ha. Cc chc nng sau c sn:

cu hnh b iu khin lp trnh, bn chn gi t mt ca hng in t

v sp xp cc m-un c chn trong cc khe cn thit trong k.
Cu hnh I phn phi / O l ging vi cu hnh ca trung tm I / O.

Trong qu trnh giao thng s CPU bn c th thit lp cc thuc tnh nh

hnh vi khi ng v thi gian chu k qut theo di hng dn bi menu.
Multicomputing c h tr. Cc d liu nhp vo c lu tr trong cc
khi d liu h thng

Trong qu trnh gn tham s cho cc m-un, tt c cc tham s bn c th

thit lp c thit lp bng cch s dng hp thoi. Khng c thit lp c
thc hin bng cch s dng chuyn mch DIP. Vic chuyn nhng cc tham
s cho cc m-un c thc hin t ng trong qu trnh khi ng ca
CPU. iu ny c ngha l, v d, rng m-un c th c trao i m khng
gn cc thng s mi.

Gn tham s cho module chc nng (FMS) v b vi x l thng tin lin lc

(CPs) cng c thc hin trong cng c cu hnh phn cng trong cch
chnh xc tng t nh i vi cc m-un khc. Module-hp thoi v cc
quy nh c th tn ti cho mi FM v CP (bao gm trong phm vi ca gi
chc nng FM / CP). H thng ngn chn cc mc khng chnh xc bng cch
ch cung cp cc ty chn hp l trong cc hp thoi.

NetPro (Cu hnh mng)

S dng NetPro vng iu khin thi gian truyn d liu thng qua B K
hoch v u t c th:
Chn cc nt giao thong
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23

Nhp cc ngun d liu v mc tiu d liu trong mt bng; tt c cc khi

(SDBs) s c ti xung c to ra t ng v hon ton t ng ti v tt
c cc CPU
Chuyn hng s kin d liu cng c th, bn:

Thit lp cc kt ni thng tin lin lc

Chn cc khi truyn thng hoc chc nng t th vin khi tch hp

Ch nh cc thng s thng tin lin lc c la chn hoc cc khi chc

nng trong ngn ng lp trnh la chn ca bn

1.3C g mi trong STEP 7, Phin bn 5.5?

Cc mn hc sau y c cp nht:
H iu hnh
Cu hnh v chn on phn cng
Thay i cu hnh trong qu trnh hot ng ang thc hin (CIR)
Tiu chun Th vin
Bo co Li h thng
Chn on
Thit lp giao din PG / PC
h iu hnh

STEP 7 V5.5, iu hnh ca h thng MS Windows 7 Professional,

Ultimate v Enterprise (tiu chun ci t) c h tr.
Cu hnh v chn on phn cng
STEP 7 V5.5, bn c th to I-thit b t nhiu b iu khin IO.
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24

 STEP 7 V5.5, bn c th s dng chc nng PROFINET thit b chia

s.
STEP 7 V5.5, bn c th gn cc a ch IP v tn thit b t ng.
STEP 7 V5.5, bn c th cu hnh phng tin truyn thng d
phng cho nhiu tn min.
STEP 7 V5.5, bn c th bn c th cu hnh ch ng thi cho
cc thit b IO.
STEP 7 V5.5, bn c th ci t cc bn cp nht phn cng trc tip
t menu Start ca Windows ".
STEP 7 V5.5, bn c th qun l quyn ngi dng cho cc my ch
Web.
STEP 7 V5.5, bn c th truy cp vo cc trang Web ca CPU thng
qua mt kt ni HTTPS an ton.
STEP 7 V5.5, bn c th cu hnh thi gian keepalive cho cc kt ni
TCP.
STEP 7 V5.5, bn c th ti v I & M d liu cho nhiu hn mt mun cng mt lc (s dng multiselection).
Thay i cu hnh trong qu trnh hot ng ang thc hin (CIR)
Nhng hn ch trong Bc 7 phin bn ln n v bao gm v5.4 cu
hnh phn cng lin quan n trong RUN (CIR) cho PROFIBUS khi nng
cp phin bn STEP

Tiu chun Th vin

STEP 7 V5.5, cc chc nng h thng c m rng bng vic b
sung cc "IP_CONF" SFB104 cho chng trnh kim sot cu hnh
ca giao din PROFINET tch hp CPU ca bn.
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25

STEP 7 V5.5, cc chc nng h thng c m rng bng vic b

sung cc "WWW" SFC99 cho php hoc ng b ha cc trang web
ngi s dng.

STEP 7 V5.5, cc chc nng ca h thng c m rng bng vic

b sung cc SFB73 "RCVREC" nhn c cc bn ghi d liu v
SFB74 "PRVREC" lm cho bn ghi d liu c sn trn mt thit
b-I. Nhng SFBs ch c gi tr cho S7-300 CPU.
STEP 7 V5.5, tnh trng h thng danh sch vi SSL-ID W # 16 #
xy9C c m rng. iu ny cung cp thng tin v s thay i
ca cng c cu hnh v cc cng c ca n.
STEP 7 V5.5, FBS sau y ca S7 truyn thng bao gm: FB28
"USEND_E", FB29 "URCV_E", FB34 "GET_E", FB35 "PUT_E".
y l nhng ch cho S7-300 CPU v ch kt ni thng qua giao din
PN tch hp.
STEP 7 V5.5, hai FBS truyn thng ci m thng qua Ethernet cng
nghip c tn mi: FB 210 (trc y tn: "S5FW_TCP") by gi
c gi l "FW_TCP", FB 220 (trc y tn: "S5FW_IOT") by
gi gi l "FW_IOT".

Bo co Li h thng
STEP 7 V5.5, bn c th chn hay khng tnh trng n l c
nh gi khi CPU bt u.
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26

 STEP 7 V5.5, cc vn bn b sung ca tin nhn c hin th hoc

thc hin "Xem trc Message", "In" v "Print Preview" hp thoi.
STEP 7 V5.5, bn cng c th ti v cc khi c to ra bi 'Li
h thng Bo co' trong HW Config

chn on h thng
STEP 7 V5.5, c hai "Diagnostics trong nh dng Hexadecimal"
hp thoi: mt cho n l PROFIBUS v mt cho cc thit b
PROFINET.

Thit lp giao din PG / PC

STEP 7 V5.5, bn c th s dng prommer USB m khng cn ci
t phn mm b sung. Cc chc nng cn thit c tch hp
trong Bc 7. khng cn p dng trong V5.5.

1.4m rng s dng ca gi tiu chun STEP7

Cc gi phn mm tiu chun c th c m rng bi cc gi phn mm
ty chn c nhm li thnh ba lp phn mm sau y:
K thut Cng c;
y l nhng ngn ng lp trnh cp cao hn v phn mm nh hng
cng ngh.
Run-Time phn mm;
cc cha off-the-shelf phn mm chy-thi gian cho qu trnh sn xut.
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27

 Giao din ngi my (HMI);

y l mt phn mm c bit l i vi ngi iu khin v gim st.
Bng sau y cho thy cc phn mm ty chn, bn c th s dng ty
thuc vo h thng iu khin lp trnh ca bn.
STEP7
M7-300

M7-300

M7-400

M7-400

C7-620

Engineering tools

Borland C/C++

CFC

+1)

HARDPRO

+3)

DOCPRO

+2)
+

M7 ProC/C++

S7 GRAPH

+1)

+2)

S7 HIGraph

S7 PDIAG

S7 PLCSIM

S7 SCL

Teleservice

Run-Time Software
Fuzzy control

M7-DDE Sever

M7-SYS RT

o
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28

Modular PID Control

PC-DDE Server

PRODAVE MPI

Standard PID Control

Human Machine
interface
ProAgent
SIMATIC Protool
SIMATIC Protool/Lite

SIMATIC WinCC
O=obligatory
+ =optional
1)

=recommended from
S7-400 upwards
2)

=not recommended for

C7-620
3)

=not for C program

1.4.1 Cng c k thut

Cng c k thut l hng nhim v cng c c th c s dng
m rng cc gi tiu chun. Cng c k thut bao gm:
Ngn ng cp cao cho cc lp trnh vin
Ngn ng ha cho nhn vin k thut
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29

 Phn mm b sung cho chn on, m phng, bo tr t xa, nh

my ti liu hng dn

Ngn ng cp cao
Cc ngn ng sau y c sn nh l gi ty chn s dng trong vic lp
trnh lp trnh iu khin logic SIMATIC S7-300/S7-400:
S7 GRAPH l mt ngn ng lp trnh c s dng lp trnh iu
khin tun t (cc bc v chuyn tip). Trong ngn ng ny, th tc
qu trnh c chia thnh cc bc. Cc bc cha cc hnh ng
kim sot cc kt qu u ra. Vic chuyn i t bc ny sang bc
khc c kim sot bng cch chuyn i iu kin.

S7 HiGraph l mt ngn ng lp trnh c s dng m t qu

trnh khng ng b, khng lin tc trong cc hnh thc ca th
trng thi. lm iu ny, nh my c chia thnh cc c nhn,
n v chc nng m mi ngi c th i trn cc tiu bang khc
nhau. Cc n v chc nng c th c ng b ha bng cch trao
i thng ip gia cc th.
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30

 S7 SCL l mt vn bn cp cao da trn ngn ng EN 61.131-3 (IEC

1131-3). N cha cc cu trc ngn ng tng t nh nhng ngi
c tm thy trong cc ngn ng lp trnh C v Pascal. S7 SCL do
c bit thch hp cho nhng ngi dng quen thuc vi ngn
ng lp trnh cao cp. S7 SCL c th c s dng, v d, lp
trnh chc nng phc tp hoc thng xuyn theo nh k.
Ngn ng ha
CFC cho S7 v M7 l mt ngn ng lp trnh cho cc chc nng kt ni
ha. Cc chc nng ny bao gm mt lot cc hot ng logic n
gin thng qua cc iu khin phc tp v mch iu khin. Mt s lng
ln ca cc khi chc nng nh vy l c sn trong cc hnh thc ca cc
khi trong th vin. Bn lp trnh bng cch sao chp cc khi thnh mt
biu v kt ni cc khi vi cc ng kt ni.
phn mm b sung
Borland C + + (M7) c cha cc mi trng pht trin Borland.

Vi DOCPRO bn c th t chc tt c cc d liu cu hnh c

to ra di Bc 7 vo hng dn s dng h thng dy in. Cc
hng dn s dng dy ny lm cho n d dng qun l cc d liu
cu hnh v cho php cc thng tin c chun b sn sng cho vic in
n theo tiu chun c th.

HARDPRO l cu hnh phn cng h thng cho S7-300 vi s h tr

ngi dng cu hnh cc nhim v t ng ha phc tp trn quy m
ln.

M7 proc / C + + (M7) cho php tch hp ca mi trng pht trin

Borland cho cc ngn ng lp trnh C v C + + vo mi trng pht
trin Bc 7.

S7 PDIAG (S7) cho php cu hnh tiu chun chn on qu trnh

S7-300/S7-400 cho SIMATIC. Chn on qu trnh cho php bn pht
hin li v cc quc gia b li PLC I / O (v d, gii hn chuyn i
khng t).
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31

 TeleService l mt gii php cung cp cc chc nng lp trnh trc

tuyn v dch v t xa S7 v M7 PLC thng qua mng vin thng vi
PG/PC ca bn.

1.4.2 Thi gian chy phn mm

Thi gian chy phn mm cung cp sn sng s dng gii php m bn
c th gi trong chng trnh ca ngi s dng v trc tip trin khai
thc hin trong cc gii php t ng ha. N bao gm:
B iu khin SIMATIC S7, v d, tiu chun, m-un v iu
khin logic m
Cng c lin kt cc b iu khin lp trnh vi cc ng dng
Windows
Mt h iu hnh thi gian thc cho SIMATIC M7

B iu khin cho SIMATIC S7

iu khin PID tiu chun cho php bn tch hp b iu

khin, b iu khin vng kn xung, v b iu khin bc vo
chng trnh ngi dng. Cc cng c chuyn nhng tham s vi
thit lp b iu khin tch hp cho php bn thit lp cc iu khin
s dng ti u trong mt thi gian rt ngn.
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32


iu khin PID Modular i vo chi nu mt b iu khin
PID n gin l khng gii quyt cc nhim v t ng ha ca
bn. Bn c th kt ni cc khi chc nng bao gm tiu chun to
ra hu nh bt k cu trc iu khin.

Vi iu khin Fuzzy, bn c th to ra cc h thng logic m.

Cc h thng ny c s dng nu nh ngha ton hc ca cc qu
trnh l khng th hoc rt phc tp, nu quy trnh v sequencers
khng phn ng nh mong i, nu li tuyn tnh xy ra v nu, mt
khc, thng tin v quy trnh c sn.
Cng c cho lin kt vi Windows

PRODAVE B K hoch v u t l mt hp cng c cho qu

trnh lu lng d liu gia SIMATIC S7, SIMATIC M7, v
SIMATIC C7. N s t ng kim sot lu lng d liu qua giao
din B K hoch v u t.

My ch mt M7 DDE (Dynamic Data Exchange) c th c

s dng lin kt cc ng dng Windows x l cc bin trong
SIMATIC M7, m khng cn n lc lp trnh b sung.
H iu hnh thi gian thc

M7-SYS RT c cha h iu hnh M7 RMOS 32 v chng

trnh h thng. l mt iu kin tin quyt cho vic s dng ca
M7-proc / C + + v CFC cho SIMATIC M7.

1.4.3 Giao din ngi v my

Giao din ngi my (HMI) l mt phn mm thit k c bit cho
ngi iu khin v gim st trong SIMATIC.

Qu trnh m trc quan h thng SIMATIC WinCC v

SIMATIC WinCC linh hot l h thng c bn m khng b gii hn
ngnh, lnh vc cng nghip, cng ngh v cung cp tt c cc ngi iu
khin quan trng v chc nng gim st.
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33


SIMATIC ProTool v SIMATIC ProTool / Lite l cng c hin
i cu hnh bng iu hnh SIMATIC (OPS) v cc thit b nh gn
SIMATIC C7.

ProAgent l mt phn mm chn on c c thng tin v v

tr v nguyn nhn gy ra cc li trong cc nh my, my mc v do
cung cp nhanh qu trnh chn on v nhm mc ch.

2. Ci t
2.1 T ng ha License Manager
2.1.1 Quyn Thng qua License Manager T ng ha
T ng ha License Manager
s dng phn mm lp trnh STEP 7, bn cn mt cha kha giy php
sn phm c th (quyn ca ngi s dng). Bt u vi STEP 7 V5.3,
kho ny c ci t License Manager t ng ha.

License Manager T ng ha l mt sn phm phn mm ca Siemens

AG. N c s dng qun l cc phm giy php (module giy php)
cho tt c cc h thng.
Qun l t ng ha cho php c t ti cc a im sau:
Trn thit b lp t cho mt sn phm phn mm i hi phi c mt
giy php chnh
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34

 Trn mt thit b ci t ring bit

Download t trang Internet ca khch hng A & D ti Siemens AG
License Manager t ng c tch hp gip trc tuyn ring ca
mnh. c c gip sau khi giy php qun l c ci t, nhn F1
hoc chn Help> License Manager. Tr gip trc tuyn ny c cha thng
tin chi tit v cc chc nng v hot ng ca Gim c Giy php t ng
ha.
Giy php
Giy php c yu cu phi s dng cc gi 7 BC chng trnh c
s dng hp php c bo v bi giy php. Giy php cung cp cho
ngi s dng quyn hp php s dng sn phm. Bng chng quyn
ny c cung cp bi nhng iu sau y:
CoL (Giy chng nhn ca Giy php), v
Giy php chnh
Giy chng nhn Giy php (CoL)
Giy chng nhn Giy php l bao gm mt sn phm l cn c php
l chng minh quyn s dng sn phm ny tn ti. Sn phm ny ch c
th c s dng ca ch s hu ca Giy chng nhn Giy php (col)
hoc bi nhng ngi c y quyn lm nh vy bi ch s hu.

Giy php Bn quyn

Giy php chnh l cc i din k thut (in t "giy php con du") ca
mt giy php s dng phn mm.
SIEMENS AG vn mt key bn quyn cho tt c cc phn mm ca n
c bo v bi mt giy php. Khi my tnh c bt u, phn mm
nh vy ch c th c s dng ph hp vi giy php p dng v s dng
sau khi c s hin din ca mt cha kha giy php hp l c xc
minh.
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35

Ghi ch
Bn c th s dng phn mm chun m khng c mt giy php
chnh lm quen vi giao din ngi dng v chc nng.
Tuy nhin, giy php c yu cu v cn thit cho s dng khng
hn ch y ca phn mm STEP 7 ph hp vi cc tha thun cp
php
Nu bn cha ci t giy php chnh, bn s c nhc nh lm
nh vy trong khong thi gian thng xuyn.
Phm giy php c th c lu tr v chuyn giao gia cc loi khc nhau
ca cc thit b lu tr nh sau:

Trn a mm cp giy php chnh hoc th nh USB

Trn a cng a phng

Trn a cng mng

Nu sn phm phn mm m khng c giy php c c ci t, sau

bn c th xc nh key bn quyn l cn thit v t hng theo yu cu.
bit thm thng tin chi tit c v s dng m bn quyn, xin vui
lng tham kho cc tr gip trc tuyn cho License Manager t ng ha.

Cc loi giy php

Cc loi khc nhau sau y ca giy php ngi dng theo nh hng
ng dng c sn cho cc sn phm phn mm ca Siemens AG. Cc hnh
vi thc t ca phn mm c xc nh loi key bn quyn c ci t cho
n. Cc loi s dng c th c tm thy trn Giy chng nhn km theo
ca Giy php.
loi giy

M t
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36

php
n Giy
php
Giy php
ni
th nghim
Giy php

Phn mm ny c th c s dng trn bt k my tnh duy

nht l mong mun cho mt s lng khng gii hn ca thi
gian.
Phn mm ny c th c s dng trn mt mng my tnh
("remote use") cho mt s lng khng gii hn thi gian.
Phn mm ny c th c s dng ty thuc vo cc hn ch
sau y:
! Thi hn hiu lc ln n ti a l 14 ngy,
! Mt s ngy hot ng k t ngy s dng u tin,
! S dng cho kim tra v xc nhn (min trch nhim).

Phn mm ny c th c s dng ty thuc vo cc hn ch

cho thu Giy sau y:
php
! Thi hn hiu lc ln n ti a l 50 gi.

Nng cp
Giy php

Yu cu nht nh trong h thng hin ti c th p dng i

vi cc nng cp phn mm
! Giy php nng cp c th c s dng chuyn i mt
ch "X phin bn c" ca phn mm vi mt
phin bn mi hn X +.
! Mt nng cp c th l cn thit do s gia tng khi lng d
liu c x l
trong h thng nht nh.

2.1.2 Ci t License Manager T ng ha

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37

Giy php Manager T ng ha c ci t bng phng tin ca mt

qu trnh ci t MSI. Ci t phn mm License Manager t ng c
bao gm trn CD STEP 7 sn phm.
Bn c th ci t License Manager t ng cng mt lc bn ci t
STEP 7 hoc vo mt thi gian sau .
Ghi ch
bit thng tin chi tit v vic lm th no ci t License
Manager t ng, xin vui lng tham kho cc tp tin Readme hin ti
Tr gip trc tuyn cho License Manager t ng cha tt c cc
thng tin bn cn trn cc chc nng v x l Keys Giy php
Sau ci t cc phm giy php
Ci t phm giy php t a mm hoc th nh USB
Ci t phm giy php ti v t Internet. Trong trng hp ny, cc
phm giy php phi c t hng u tin.
S dng cc phm giy php th ni c sn trong mt mng.
bit thng tin chi tit v ci t cc phm giy php, tham kho cc
tr gip trc tuyn cho License Manager T ng ha. truy cp tr
gip ny, nhn F1 hoc chn Help> Tr gip v lnh trnh n qun l
Giy php.
Ghi ch
Trong Windows XP / 2003 Server, cc phm giy php s ch c
hot ng nu chng c ci t trn mt a cng a phng v
c tnh trng truy cp ghi.
Giy php ni cng c th c s dng trong mt mng ("remote"
s dng).

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38

2.1.3 Hng dn x l cc phm giy php

! cnh co
Xin lu cc thng tin v x l cc phm giy php l c sn trong
tr gip trc tuyn trn License Manager T ng ha v cng c trong
tp tin BC Readme 7 trn ci t CD-ROM. Nu bn khng lm
theo nhng hng dn ny, cc phm giy php c th c qun mt.
truy cp tr gip trc tuyn cho License Manager t ng, nhn
F1 bi cnh nhy cm gip hoc chn Tr gip> Tr gip v lnh
trnh n qun l Giy php.
Phn tr gip ny c cha tt c cc thng tin cn thit v cc chc
nng v x l ca cc phm giy php.

2.2 Ci t STEP 7
Bc 7 ci t chng trnh thc hin mt ci t t ng. Cc th tc ci
t hon tt l menu iu khin. Thc hin ci t bng cch s dng
chun ca Windows XP/7/Server 2003 th tc ci t phn mm.
Cc giai on chnh trong qu trnh ci t:

Sao chp d liu vo thit b lp trnh ca bn

Cu hnh ca trnh iu khin EPROM v truyn thong

Ci t cc phm giy php (nu mun)

Ghi ch
Thit b lp trnh Siemens c vn chuyn vi cc phn mm STEP 7
trn a cng sn sng ci t
Ci t yu cu
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39

 H iu hnh:
Microsoft Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, MS Windows 7
Professional v Enterprise (tiu chun ci t).
Phn cng c bn: Lp trnh thit b hoc my tnh vi:
B x l Pentium (600 MHz)
t nht 512 MB RAM.
Mu sc mn hnh, bn phm v chut, tt c u c h tr bi
Microsoft Windows
Mt thit b lp trnh (PG) l mt my tnh vi mt thit k nh gn
c bit cho s dng trong cng nghip. N hon ton c trang b
cho cc lp trnh PLC SIMATIC.

Hard disk space:

Hy tham kho cc tp tin Readme thng tin v khng gian a
cng yu cu.
B K hoch v u t giao din (ty chn):
Mt giao din B K hoch v u t ch c yu cu kt
ni cc PG / PC v PLC nu bn mun s dng n giao tip
vi PLC di Bc 7.
Trong trng hp ny bn cn:
Mt my tnh USB adapter c kt ni vi cc cng thng tin
lin lc ca in thoi.
Mt module B K hoch v u t (v d, CP 5611) c ci
t trong thit b ca bn.
PGS c cung cp vi mt giao din B K hoch v u t
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40

 Prommer bn ngoi (ty chn)

Mt prommer bn ngoi ch cn thit nu bn mun chng trnh
eproms vi my PC.
Lu
Hy tham kho cc thng tin Bc 7 ci t trong file Readme
v "Danh sch cc gi phn mm tng thch vi cc phin bn
ca gi BC phn mm tiu chun 7 SIMATIC".
Bn c th tm thy cc tp tin Readme trong trnh n bt u
theo Start> Simatic Ghi ch Sn phm>.
Danh sch tng thch c tm thy thng qua menu Start, di
Bt u> Ti liu> Simatic.

2.2.1 Th tc ci t
Chun b cho ci t

Cc h iu hnh (Windows XP, Server 2003 hoc Windows 7) phi

c bt u trc khi bn c th bt u ci t phn mm ca bn.
Bn khng cn mt phng tin lu tr bn ngoi nu STEP 7
phn mm ci t c lu tr trn a cng ca PG.
ci t t a CD-ROM, a a CD-ROM vo a CDROM ca my tnh ca bn.
Bt u t Chng trnh ci t

ci t phn mm, tin hnh nh sau:

1. Chn bm vo a CD-ROM v kch p vo tp tin
"SETUP.EXE".
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41

2. Thc hin theo cc bc theo cc bc hng dn trn mn hnh

ca chng trnh ci t.
Chng trnh hng dn bn thng qua tt c cc bc ca tin trnh
ci t. Bn c th i n bc tip theo hoc quay tr li bc trc
.
Trong qu trnh ci t, cc hp thoi nhc bn lm cho s la
chn ca bn t cc ty chn c hin th. Cc ghi ch sau y s
gip bn nhanh chng v d dng tm thy cu tr li ng.
Nu phin bn c STEP 7 c ci t ...

Nu ci t pht hin mt phin bn ca STEP 7 trn cc thit b lp

trnh, mt thng bo tng ng c hin th. Sau , bn c th chn:
Hy b ci t ( bn c th g b ci t STEP 7 phin
bn h iu hnh Windows v sau khi ng li ci t,
hoc
Tip tc thit lp v ghi ln cc phin bn trc.
i vi phn mm qun l t chc tt, bn nn lun lun g b
ci t bt k phin bn c trc khi ci t phin bn mi. nhng bt
li ca ghi ln cc phin bn trc vi mt phin bn mi l khi
bn sau g b ci t phin bn phn mm c khng th c g
b mt s thnh phn ca phin bn c.
La chn Ty chn ci t

Bn c ba l chn phm vi ca tin trnh ci t:

Thit lp tiu chun: tt c cc hp thoi ngn ng cho

giao din ngi dng, tt c cc ng dng, v tt c cc v d.
Tham kho Thng tin sn phm hin ti cho thng tin v khng
gian b nh cn thit cho loi cu hnh.
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42


Thit lp c bn: ch c mt hp thoi ngn ng, khng
c v d. Tham kho Thng tin sn phm hin ti cho thng tin
v khng gian b nh cn thit cho loi cu hnh.

Ngi dng nh ngha ("ty chnh") thit lp: bn c th

xc nh phm vi ca tin trnh ci t, v d nh cc chng
trnh, c s d liu, v d, v cc chc nng truyn thng.
S ID
Bn s c nhc nh trong qu trnh thit lp nhp vo s ID
(c tm thy trn Giy chng nhn sn phm phn mm hoc trn
trung bnh giy php lu tr chnh ca bn).
Ci t phm giy php

Trong qu trnh ci t, chng trnh s kim tra xem liu mt key

bn quyn tng ng c ci t trn a cng. Nu khng c cha
kha giy php hp l c tm thy, mt thng bo ni rng phn
mm ny c th c s dng ch vi mt phm giy php c hin
th. Nu bn mun, bn c th ci t giy php chnh ngay lp tc
hoc tip tc ci t v sau ci t cc phm sau. Nu bn mun
ci t cc phm giy php nay, a a php hoc s dng thanh A &
D giy php khi c nhc lm nh vy.
PG / PC Interface Ci t
Trong qu trnh ci t, mt hp thoi s c hin th, bn c th
ch nh cc thng s giao din thit b / my tnh lp trnh. Bn s
tm thy thng tin nhiu hn v n trong "Thit lp giao din PG /
PC."
Gn cc tham s th nh

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43

Trong qu trnh ci t, mt hp thoi s c hin th, bn c th

gn tham s cho th nh.
Bn khng cn mt trnh iu khin EPROM nu bn khng s
dng bt k th nh. Chn ty chn "Khng c trnh iu khin
EPROM".
Nu khng, chn mc p dng i vi cc PG ca bn.
Nu bn ang s dng mt my tnh, bn c th chn mt trnh
iu khin cho mt prommer bn ngoi. y bn phi ch nh
cng m prommer c kt ni (v d, LPT1).
Bn c th thay i cc thit lp li cc thng s sau khi ci t
bng cch gi chng trnh "Phn b nh thng s Card" trong nhm
STEP 7 chng trnh trong Control Panel.
H thng tp tin flash

Trong hp thoi gn cc thng s th nh, bn c th chn ci

t mt h thng tp tin flash.
H thng tp tin flash-l cn thit, v d di SIMATIC M7 khi bn
vit cc tp tin c nhn mt th nh EPROM m khng thay i
cc ni dung khc ca th nh.
Nu bn ang s dng mt thit b lp trnh ph hp (PG 720/PG
740/PG 760, Field PG v in PG) hoc prommer bn ngoi v bn
mun s dng chc nng ny, ci t h thng tp tin flash.
Nu xy ra li trong qu trnh ci t
Thit lp c th c hy b do cc li sau y:
Nu mt li khi to xy ra ngay lp tc sau khi bt u ca
qu trnh ci t, nhiu hn c kh nng thit lp khng c
bt u trong Windows.
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44

 Khng khng gian a cng: i vi cc phn mm c bn,

bn cn khong 650 MB
900 MB min ph khng gian trn a cng ca bn ty thuc vo
phm vi ca tin trnh ci t ca bn.
Bad CD-ROM: Nu CD l b li, xin vui lng lin h vi i
din a phng Siemens.
Nh iu hnh li: Khi ng li thit lp theo hng dn cn
thn.
Sau khi ci t c hon tt ...
Mt thng bo trn mn hnh bo co ci t thnh cng.
Nu bt k thay i no c thc hin cho cc tp tin h thng
trong khi ci t, bn s c nhc nh khi ng li Windows.
Sau khi ng li (m khi ng li), bn c th bt u Bc 7
ng dng, qun l SIMATIC.
Sau khi ci t thnh cng, mt nhm chng trnh STEP 7
c thit lp.

2.2.2 Thit lp giao din PG / PC

y bn cu hnh cc thng tin lin lc gia cc PG / PC v PLC. Trong

qu trnh ci t, bn c hin th mt hp thoi gn tham s giao
din PG / PC. Bn cng c th m hp thoi ny sau khi ci t, bng
cch gi chng trnh "Thit PG / PC Interface" trong nhm STEP 7
chng trnh. iu ny cho php bn chnh sa cc thng s giao din vo
mt thi gian sau , c lp ca bn ci t.
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45

Th tc c bn
vn hnh mt giao din, bn s yu cu sau y:
Cu hnh trong h iu hnh
Mt cu hnh giao din ph hp
Nu bn ang s dng mt my tnh vi mt th B K hoch v u t
hoc thng tin b vi x l (CP), bn nn kim tra gin on v cc bi tp
a ch trong "Control Panel" Windows m bo rng khng c xung
t ngt v khng c khu vc a ch chng cho ln nhau.
Trong Windows 2000, Windows XP v Server 2003, cc thnh phn ISA
th MPI-ISA khng cn c h tr v do khng cn c cung cp
ci t.
lm cho n d dng hn ch nh cc thng s giao din thit b /
my tnh lp trnh, mt hp thoi s hin th mt danh sch la chn ca
b mc nh thng s c bn (cu hnh giao din).
Phn cng cc tham s giao din PG / PC
(Chi tit th tc c tm thy trong Tr gip trc tuyn):
1. Double-click vo "Giao din PG / PC Thit lp" trong "Control Panel"
ca Windows.
2. Thit lp cc "im truy cp ca ng dng" "S7ONLINE".
3. Trong danh sch "tham s giao din thit lp s dng", chn cc thit
lp giao din thng s bt buc. Nu tham s thit lp giao din yu cu
khng c hin th, trc tin bn phi ci t mt module hoc giao thc
thng qua nt "Chn". Thit lp giao din tham s sau c to ra t
ng. Trn h thng plug-and-play, bn khng th ci t plug and play
CPs tay (CP 5611 v CP 5511). H s t ng c tch hp trong "Giao
din PG / PC Thit lp" sau khi bn ci t cc phn cng trong PG /
PC ca bn.
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46

- Nu bn chn mt giao din c kh nng cng nhn t ng cc thng s

xe but (v d, CP 5611 (Auto)), bn c th kt ni cc thit b lp trnh
hoc my PC B K hoch v u t hoc PROFIBUS m khng cn
phi thit lp cc thng s xe but. Nu tc truyn l <187,5 Kbps, c
th c mt s chm tr n mt pht trong khi cc thng s xe but c
c.
Yu cu cng nhn t ng: Masters ngi pht sng cc thng s xe
but chu k c kt ni vi xe but. Tt c cc thnh phn mi ca B
K hoch v u t lm iu ny, mng con PROFIBUS pht sng theo
chu k ca cc thng s xe but phi c kch hot (mc nh thit lp
mng PROFIBUS).
4. Nu bn chn mt giao din m khng t ng nhn ra cc thng s xe
but, bn c th hin th cc thuc tnh v thch ng vi h ph hp vi
subnet.
Thay i cng s cn thit nu pht sinh xung t vi cc thit lp khc
(v d, tp gin on hoc a ch). Trong trng hp ny, lm cho nhng
thay i ph hp vi nhn dng phn cng v phn Control Panel trong
Windows (xem bn di).
! cnh co
Khng loi b bt k "TCP / IP" cc thng s cu hnh giao din ca bn.
iu ny c th gy ra trc trc ca cc ng dng khc.
Kim tra Interrupt v Assignments a ch
Nu bn s dng mt my tnh vi mt card B K hoch v u t, bn
nn lun lun kim tra xem ngt mc nh v khu vc a ch mc nh l
min ph.
2.3 G ci t STEP 7

S dng phng php chun ca Windows g b ci t Bc 7:

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47

1. Double-click vo biu tng "Add / Remove Programs" trong "Control

Panel". bt u hp thoi ci t phn mm Windows.

2. Chn Bc 7 mc trong danh sch hin th ca phn mm c ci

t. Nhp vo nt "Add / Remove" phn mm.

3. Nu "Hy b Chia s File" hp thoi xut hin, bm vo nt "No" nu

bn khng chc chn.

2.3ngi s dng quyn

2.4.1 Quyn trong MS Windows XP / Server 2003

Lu nhng im sau y lin quan n quyn ca ngi s dng:
c th lm vic vi STEP 7, bn phi ng nhp t nht l mt ngi
s dng (khng c ng nhp khch).
ci t phn mm STEP 7 v HSPs, thit lp cc m-un v thay i
cc thit lp vi "Set PG / PC Interface" ng dng, bn cn quyn qun
tr.
s dng cc gi ty chn, kim tra c quyn c yu cu cho gi
ty chn c th.
Nu d n c lu tr trn a NTFS, ngi dng cng phi c
cho php truy cp y y. iu ny cng p dng cho th mc vi
nhng cp nht HSP (mc nh: C: \ HWUPDATES). Truy cp trong
S7PROJ mc nh th mc d n c kch hot t ng cho tt c ngi
dng.
Lu
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48

! Lm vic vi cc quyn ca ngi s dng ch c kch hot cho STEP 7

chnh n. Khng c m bo rng cc quyn ca ngi s dng c y
i vi cc gi ty chn. y, ngi s dng quyn qun tr hay quyn lc
c th l cn thit.
! Sau khi ci t / g b ci t phn cng mi, my tnh phi c bt u t
nht mt ln vi quyn qun tr.

2.4.2 Quyn trong MS Windows 7

Ch nh quyn truy cp trong h iu hnh
Khi bn ci t Bc 7 trong MS Windows 7, nhm ngi s dng
"Siemens TIA K s" c to ra t ng. iu ny cho php ngi s
dng vo cu hnh giao din PG / PC v ci t cc gi H tr
phn cng chn. cho php cu hnh IP hng dn s dng (cho
PROFINET khng c DHCP), ngi s dng cng phi c bao gm
trong nhm Network Configuration Cc nh khai thc "c ci t sn
h iu hnh.
Nhng quyn ny ch c th c giao cho ngi s dng bi ngi
qun tr.
Bao gm c ngi s dng trong cc nhm ngi dng "Siemens TIA
K s" v "Network Configuration Operator"
Nhp ngi dng a phng, nhng ngi c th truy cp STEP 7
vi ng nhp ca h trong "Siemens TIA K s" nhm.
Thc hin theo cc bc di y:
1. M Control Panel trong Windows v chn "Ti khon ca ngi
dng".
2. Trong ca s chuyn hng, chn mc "Qun l ti khon ngi
dng."

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49

3. Trong tab "Advanced", chn mc "Advanced" trong phn

"Advanced User Management".
4. Trong ca s chuyn hng, chn mc "Local Users v Groups>
Users". Tt c ngi dng c hin th trong ca s d liu.
5. S dng trnh n ng cnh, m "New User" v to ra mt ti
khon vi cng mt ng nhp cho mi ngi dng cn truy cp Step7.
6. Chn "Properties" lnh menu ng cnh cho mi ngi dng m bn
to ra.
7. Trong hp thoi m ra, chn "Thnh vin" v nhp vo "Add ..."
nt.
8. Trong hp thoi "Select Groups", nhp vo nhm ngi s dng
"Siemens TIA K s" trong "Nhp tn i tng chn" hp v xc
nhn vi "OK".
9. Thc hin theo cc th tc tng t cho ngi s dng c bao
gm trong "Cu hnh mng nh khai thc" nhm ngi s dng.
To nhm tn min ngi dng ton cu "Siemens TIA K s"
Khi lm vic trong mt tn min, bn phi thay th ca vic to ra mt
nhm tn min ca ngi dng ton cu l sau nh x ti cc nhm
ngi dng a phng "Siemens K s TIA" v "Configuration Operator
Network"
Cc yu cu sau y phi c p ng u tin:

Cc qun tr vin min to ra mt nhm tn min ngi dng

ton cu.

Qun tr vin min bao gm cc ngi s dng c ng nhp

Bc 7 c th c truy cp trong nhm ngi s dng tn min ton
cu.

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50

3. ngy lm vic Khi nim T ng ha

3.1 Th tc c bn Lp k hoch mt d n t ng ha

Chng ny vch ra nhng nhim v c bn lin quan trong vic lp k

hoch mt d n t ng ha cho mt b iu khin lp trnh (PLC). Da
trn mt v d v t ng ho mt qu trnh pha trn cng nghip, bn s
c hng dn tng bc thng qua cc th tc.
C nhiu cch lp k hoch mt d n t ng ha. Cc th tc c bn m
bn c th s dng cho bt k d n no c minh ha trong hnh sau y.

3,2 Chia qu trnh thnh Nhim v v Khu vc

Mt qu trnh t ng ha bao gm mt s nhim v c nhn. Bng cch
xc nh cc nhm nhim v lin quan trong mt qu trnh v sau ph v
cc nhm ny thnh cc nhim v nh hn, thm ch qu trnh phc tp nht
c th c xc nh.

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51

V d sau y ca mt qu trnh pha trn cng nghip c th c s dng

minh ha lm th no t chc mt qu trnh thnh cc khu chc nng,
nhim v c nhn:

Xc nh cc khu vc ca mt qu trnh

Sau khi nh ngha quy trnh c kim sot, phn chia d n thnh cc
nhm c lin quan hoc cc khu vc:

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52

Khi mi nhm c chia thnh cc nhim v nh hn, cc nhim v cn

thit kim sot mt phn ca qu trnh ny tr nn t phc tp.
Trong v d ca chng ta v mt qu trnh ho trn cng nghip bn c th
xc nh bn lnh vc khc nhau (xem bng di y). Trong v d ny, khu
vc cho mt thnh phn cha nhng thit b tng t nh khu vc dnh cho
thnh phn B.
chc nng Din tch

Thit b s dng

Thnh phn A

n bm cho thnh phn A

Inlet van cho thnh phn A
Nui van cho thnh phn A
Dng chy cm bin cho thnh phn A

Thnh phn B

Feed bm cho thnh phn B

Inlet van cho thnh phn B
Feed van cho thnh phn B
Dng chy cm bin cho thnh phn B

trn b

My khuy ng c
trang
53

Chuyn cho vic o mc b

mng

X van

3.3 M t cc chc nng Khu vc c nhn

Nh bn m t tng khu vc v nhim v trong qu trnh ca bn, bn

xc nh khng ch l hot ng ca tng khu vc, m cn cc yu t khc
nhau m kim sot khu vc. Chng bao gm:
in, c kh, v hp l u vo v u ra cho mi cng vic
Kho lin ng v ph thuc gia cc nhim v c nhn

Cc mu quy trnh pha trn cng nghip s dng my bm, ng c, v

van. y phi c m t chnh xc xc nh cc c im hot ng v
loi interlocks cn thit trong qu trnh hot ng. Cc bng sau y cung
cp cc v d ca m t ca cc thit b c s dng trong mt qu trnh
pha trn cng nghip. Khi bn hon thnh m t, bn cng c th s
dng n t hng cc thit b cn thit.

Thnh phn A / B: Thc n Pump Motors

Cc thc n ng c bm chuyn ti thnh phn A v B b trn.
! Lu lng: 400 lt (100 gallon) mi pht
! Rating: 100 kW (134 hp) ti 1200 rpm
trang
54

Cc my bm c kim sot (bt u / dng) t mt trm iu hnh nm

gn b trn. S ln bt u c tnh cho mc ch bo tr. C hai quy v
mn hnh hin th c th c thit lp li vi mt nt.
Cc iu kin sau y phi c hi lng cho cc my bm hot ng:
! B trn l khng y .
! Van cng ca b trn c ng li.
! Off khn cp khng c kch hot.
Cc my bm c tt nu iu kin sau y c tha mn:
! Cc cm bin dng chy tn hiu khng c dng 7 giy sau khi ng c
bm c bt u.

Thnh phn A / B: Inlet v thc n Van

Cc van u vo v thc n chn nui cho cc thnh phn A v B cho php
hoc ngn chn dng chy ca cc thnh phn vo thng trn. Cc van c
mt solenoid vi s tr li ma xun.
! Khi c kch hot in t, van c m ra.
! Khi Solenoid l ngng hot ng, van c ng li.
Cc van u vo v thc n chn nui c kim sot bi chng trnh
ngi dng.
i vi cc van c kch hot, cc iu kin sau y phi c tha mn:
! Cc ng c bm thc n c chy trong t nht 1 giy.
Cc my bm c tt nu iu kin sau y c tha mn: Cc cm bin
dng chy tn hiu khng c dng chy

My khuy ng c
ng c khuy trn thnh phn A vi B thnh phn trong b trn.
trang
55

! Rating: 100 kW (134 hp) ti 1200 rpm

ng c khuy kim sot (bt u / dng) t mt trm iu hnh nm gn
b trn. S ln bt u c tnh cho mc ch bo tr. C hai quy v mn
hnh hin th c th c thit lp li vi mt nt.
Cc iu kin sau y phi c hi lng cho cc my bm hot ng:
! Cm bin cp b c tn hiu "Tank di mc ti thiu."
! Van cng ca b trn c ng li.
! Off khn cp khng c kch hot.
Cc my bm c tt nu iu kin sau y c tha mn:
! Tachometer khng ch ra rng tc nh gi t c trong vng 10
giy khi ng ng c.

X Van
Van cng cho php hn hp ro nc (s dng thc n hp dn) cho giai
on tip theo trong qu trnh ny. Van c mt solenoid vi s tr li ma
xun.
! Nu Solenoid c kch hot, van ca hng c m ra.
! Nu Solenoid l ngng hot ng, van ca hng c ng li.
Van ca hng c kim sot (m / ng) t mt trm iu hnh.
Van cng c th c m theo cc iu kin sau y:
! ng c khuy.
! Cm bin cp b c tn hiu "Tank trng rng."
! Off khn cp khng c kch hot.
Cc my bm c tt nu iu kin sau y
trang
56

Thit b chuyn mch cho Cp o xe tng

Cc thit b chuyn mch trong b trn ch ra mc trong b v c s
dng an cc my bm thc n v ng c khuy.

3.4 Lit k u vo, u ra, v / Outs

Sau khi vit mt m t vt l ca tng thit b phi c kim sot, v s
ca cc yu t u vo v u ra cho mi thit b hoc khu vc nhim
v.

S ny tng ng vi cc khi logic c lp trnh.

3. 5 To mt S I / O cho cc Motors
Hai my bm thc n v khuy 1 c s dng trong v d ca chng ta
v mt qu trnh pha trn cng nghip. Mi ng c c iu khin bi
"khi ng c" ca n l nh nhau cho c ba thit b. Khi ny yu cu
su yu t u vo bt u hoc ngng ng c, thit lp li mt mn
hnh hin th bo tr, cho tn hiu phn ng ca ng c (ng c chy /
khng chy), mt ln trong thi gian phi nhn c tn hiu tr li, v
mt cho s ca b m thi gian c s dng o thi gian.
trang
57

Khi logic cng i hi phi c bn u ra: hai ch trng thi hot

ng ca ng c, mt ch ra nhng li lm, v mt cho bit rng
ng c l do bo tr.
An in / out cng l cn thit kch hot ng c. N c s dng
iu khin ng c, nhng ng thi cng chnh sa v sa i trong
chng trnh cho "khi ng c."

3.6 To mt S I / O cho Van

Van iu khin mi khi ca "van" ca n l nh nhau cho tt c cc
van c s dng. Cc khi logic c hai u vo: mt m van v mt
ng van. N cng c hai kt qu u ra: mt cho bit rng van c m
ra v ngi khc cho bit rng n c ng li.

Block cn c mt vo / ra kch hot cc van. N c s dng

kim sot van, nhng ng thi cng chnh sa v sa i trong chng
trnh cho "khi van."

trang
58

3.7 thnh lp Yu cu an ton

Quyt nh yu t b sung l cn thit m bo s an ton ca qu
trnh ny - da trn cc yu cu php l v sc khe doanh nghip v chnh
sch an ton. Trong m t ca bn, bn cng nn bao gm bt k nh
hng cc yu t an ton trn khu vc qu trnh ca bn.
Xc nh Yu cu an ton

Tm hiu cc thit b yu cu mch Hardwired p ng yu cu an

ton. Theo nh ngha, cc mch an ton hot ng c lp ca b iu
khin lp trnh (mc d cc mch an ton thng cung cp mt giao din
I / O cho php phi hp vi chng trnh ngi dng). Thng thng, bn
c th cu hnh mt ma trn kt ni tt c cc thit b truyn ng vi
tnh trng khn cp ca n ra khi phm vi. Ma trn ny l c s cho cc
s mch ca cc mch an ton.
thit k cc c ch an ton, tin hnh nh sau:
Xc nh kho lin ng hp l v c kh / in gia cc nhim v
t ng ha c nhn.
Thit k mch cho php cc thit b thuc vo qu trnh ny
c vn hnh bng tay trong trng hp khn cp.
Thit lp cc yu cu an ton hn na cho cc hot ng an ton ca
qu trnh.
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59

To mt mch an ton
Cc mu quy trnh pha trn cng nghip s dng logic sau y cho
mch an ton: Mt trong nhng trng hp khn cp cng tc bt tt
tt cc thit b sau y c lp ca b iu khin lp trnh (PLC):
- Feed bm cho thnh phn A
- Feed bm cho thnh phn B
- My khuy ng c
- Van
Khn cp tt nm trn trm iu hnh.
Mt u vo iu khin cho bit tnh trng khn cp tt.

3.8 M t Hin th cc nh iu hnh bt buc v kim sot

Mi qu trnh yu cu mt giao din iu hnh, cho php s can thip ca

con ngi trong qu trnh ny. Mt phn ca cc c im k thut thit k
bao gm cc thit k ca giao din iu hnh.

Xc nh mt Operator Console
Trong qu trnh pha trn cng nghip c m t trong v d ca chng
ta, mi thit b c th c bt u hoc dng li bi mt pushbutton nm
trn bn iu khin iu hnh. Console ny nh iu hnh bao gm cc ch
s hin th trng thi hot ng (xem hnh bn di).

trang
60

Giao din iu khin cng bao gm cc n hin th cho cc thit b i

hi phi bo tr sau khi mt s lng nht nh bt u v cc trng hp
khn cp tt m qu trnh ny c th c dng li ngay lp tc. Giao din
iu khin cng c mt nt thit lp li cho mn hnh hin th duy tr trong
ba ng c. S dng ny, bn c th tt n mn hnh hin th duy tr cho
ng c do bo tr v thit lp li cc quy tng ng vi 0.
3.9 To mt s cu hnh

Sau khi bn ghi nhn yu cu thit k, sau bn phi quyt nh vo

loi thit b iu khin cn thit cho d n.
Quyt nh nhng m-un bn mun s dng, bn cng ch r cu trc
ca b iu khin lp trnh. To mt s cu hnh xc nh cc kha cnh
sau y:
trang
61

 Loi CPU

S lng v loi module I / O

Cu hnh ca cc yu t u vo v u ra vt l
Hnh di y minh ha mt v d v mt cu hnh S7 cho qu trnh pha
trn cng nghip.

trang
62

4. Khi nim c bn ca thit k mt cu trc chng trnh

4.1 Chng trnh trong mt CPU

Mt CPU ch yu s chy hai chng trnh khc nhau: H iu hnh v

Chng trnh ngi dng.
H iu hnh

Mi CPU i km vi mt h iu hnh tch hp t chc tt c cc chc

nng CPU v trnh t khng c lin kt vi mt nhim v kim sot c
th. Nhim v ca h iu hnh bao gm:
X l khi ng li (m bt u) v khi ng li nng
Cp nht ca bng hnh nh qu trnh ca cc yu t u vo v u ra
ca bng hnh nh qu trnh cc kt qu u ra
Ku gi cc chng trnh ngi dng

Mua li cc thng tin b gin on v gi ngt obs

Ghi nhn cc li v x l li
Qun l khu vc b nh
Giao tip vi cc thit b lp trnh v cc i tc truyn thng khc
Bn c th nh hng n phn ng b vi x l (CPU) trong khu vc
nht nh bng cch thay i cc thng s h iu hnh (h iu hnh
thit lp mc nh).
ngi s dng chng trnh

trang
63

Bn to ra cc chng trnh ngi dng v ti n vo CPU. N cha tt c

cc chc nng cn thit x l cc nhim v t ng ha c th ca bn.
Nhim v ca chng trnh ngi dng bao gm:
Xc nh cc iu kin khi ng li khi ng li (m bt u)
v nng trn CPU (v d, khi to tn hiu vi mt gi tr c th)
X l d liu qu trnh (v d, to ra cc lin kt hp l cc tn hiu
nh phn, ly v nh gi tn hiu tng t, quy nh c th tn hiu
nh phn cho u ra, u ra ca cc gi tr tng t)
Phn ng vi ngt
X l ri lon trong chu k chng trnh bnh thng.

4.2 Blocks trong chng trnh ca ngi dng

Bc 7 lp trnh phn mm cho php bn cu trc chng trnh ngi
dng ca bn, ni cch khc ph v cc chng trnh vo cc phn
chng trnh c nhn, khp kn. iu ny c nhng u im sau y:
M rng chng trnh d hiu hn.
Cc phn chng trnh c nhn c th c chun ha.
T chc chng trnh c n gin ha.
N l d dng hn thay i chng trnh.

Debugging l n gin v bn c th kim tra cc phn ring bit.

Vn hnh h thng ca bn c thc hin d dng hn nhiu.

V d ca mt qu trnh pha trn cng nghip minh ha nhng li th ca
ph v mt qu trnh t ng ha thnh cc nhim v c nhn. Cc phn
ca chng trnh ca mt chng trnh s dng cu trc tng ng vi cc
nhim v c nhn v c bit n nh l cc khi ca mt chng trnh.
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64

loi khi
C mt s loi khc nhau ca cc khi bn c th s dng trong mt
chng trnh ngi s dng S7:
chn

M t tm tt v chc nng xem thm

Khi t chc (OB)

Obs xc nh cu trc ca
ngi s dng chng
trnh.

T chc Blocks v Cu
trc chng trnh

Khi h thng chc

nng (SFB)

SFBs v SFCs c tch

hp trong CPU S7 v cho
php bn truy cp vo mt
s h thng quan trng

Chc nng Blocks h

thng (SFB) v h
thng Chc nng (SFC)

v chc nng h
thng
Khi chc nng (FB)

FBS khi vi mt "b nh" Khi chc nng (FB)

chng trnh cho mnh m
bn c th

Chc nng (FC)

FC cha thi quen chng Chc nng (FC)

trnh thng xuyn s dng
chc nng.

d khi d liu

Instance DBS c lin kt Instance khi d liu

vi khi khi mt FB/SFB
c gi. Chng c to
ra t ng trong qu trnh
bin dch.

(DB d)

Khi d liu (DB)

DBS l khu vc d liu

cho lu tr d liu ngi
dng. Trong Ngoi cc d
liu c giao cho mt
khi chc nng, d liu
c chia s cng c th
c xc nh v c s
dng bi bt k khi.
trang
65

Chia s d liu Blocks

(DB)

OBS, FBS, SFBs, FC, v SFCs cha cc phn ca chng trnh v do

cn c gi l cc khi logic. S lng cho php ca cc khi cho mi loi
khi v chiu di cho php ca cc khi CPU-c th

4.2.1 T chc Blocks v cu trc chng trnh

Khi t chc (OBS) i din cho giao din gia h iu hnh v chng
trnh ngi s dng. c gi l bi h iu hnh, kim sot thc hin chng
trnh theo chu k v iu khin ngt, hnh vi khi ng ca PLC v x l li.
Bn c th lp trnh cc khi t chc xc nh hnh vi ca CPU.

Khi u tin T chc

Khi t chc xc nh trnh t (s kin bt u) m cc phn chng trnh
c nhn c thc hin. Mt cuc gi OB c th lm gin on vic thc hin
OB khc. M OB c php lm gin on OB khc ph thuc vo mc u
tin ca n. u tin cao hn obs c th lm gin on u tin thp hn obs.
OB nn c mc u tin thp nht.
Cc loi Lp Interrupt v u tin
Bt u s kin kch hot mt cuc gi OB c gi l ngt. Bng di y
cho thy cc loi ngt trong STEP 7 v u tin ca khi t chc c giao.
Khng phi tt c cc khi t chc nim yt v u tin cc lp hc c sn
trong tt c cc CPU S7 (xem "iu khin lp trnh S7-300, phn cng v
Hng dn ci t" v "S7-400, M7-400 B iu khin M-un lp trnh
Thng s k thut Reference Manual").

trang
66

Loi Interrupt

T chc Khi

Qut chng
trnh chnh

OB1

u tin
lp(Default)
1

xem thm
chc kha cho
Chng trnh Cyclic
Ch bin (OB1)

ngt Thi gianca-ngy

OB10 n OB17

T chc ngt thi gian

ca ngy
Blocks (OB10 OB17)

ngt Thi gian

tr hon

OB20

OB21

OB22

OB23

OB30

OB31

OB32

OB33

10

OB34

11

OB35

12

OB36

13

OB37

14

OB38

15

Phn cng

OB40

16

T chc phn cng ngt

ngt

OB41

17

Blocks (OB40 OB47)

OB42

18

ngt

trang
67

Thi
gian-Delay
Interrupt T chc
Blocks (OB20 OB23)

Cyclic Interrupt T chc

Blocks
(OB30 n OB38)

DPV1 ngt

Multicomputin
g

OB43

19

OB44

20

OB45

21

OB46

22

OB47

23

OB55

OB56

OB57

OB60
multicomputing

25

multicomputing - ng
b hot ng ca CPU
Mt s

25

Cu hnh thi gian qu

trnh phn ng ngn v
bnh ng-Chiu di
trn PROFIBUS-DP

25

"T chc X l li
Blocks (OB70 n
OB87 / OB121
OB122)"

gin on
ng b chu k
gin on

OB61
OB62
OB63

Lp trnh DPV1 thit b

OB64
d phng li

khng ng b
li

Li OB70 I / O d
phng (ch c trong
cc h thng H)
Li OB72 CPU d
phng (ch c trong
cc h thng H)

28

OB80 Li thi gian

25

T chc X l li
Blocks (OB70 n
OB81 in cung cp (hay 28 nu
OB87 / OB121
Li
OB li khng
OB122)
ng b tn
OB82 chn on
ti trong
trang
68

Interrupt
OB83 Chn / Hy
b ngt M-un
OB84 CPU
cng Fault

chng trnh
khi ng)

Phn

OB 85 Chng trnh
Cycle Li
OB86 gi tht bi
OB87 Truyn thng
Li
nn chu k

OB90

29

T chc
(OB90)

khi ng

OB100 Khi ng
li (bt u m p)

27

khi ng t chc cc
khi
(OB100/OB101/OB102)

OB101 nng Khi

ng li

OB121 li lp trnh
OB122 truy cp Li

nn

27

OB102 Lnh Khi

ng li
ng b li

Khi

27
u tin ca T chc X l li khi
OB gy ra li (OB70 n OB87 /
OB121 OB122)

1) Cc lp hc u tin 29 tng ng u tin 0,29. Chu k nn c mc u tin

thp hn so vi chu k min ph.

Thay i u tin
trang
69

Ngt c th c gn cc thng s vi STEP 7. Vi s phn cng tham s,

bn c th v d, b chn gin on quan st hoc cc lp u tin trong cc
khi tham s: thi gian ca ngy ngt, ngt thi gian tr hon, ngt theo chu k,
v ngt phn cng.
Cc u tin ca khi t chc trn cc CPU-300 S7 l c nh.
Vi S7-400 CPU (CPU 318), bn c th thay i cc u tin ca cc khi t
chc sau y vi Bc 7:
!OB10 n OB47
OB70 n OB72 (ch c H CPU) v OB81 n OB87 trong ch
RUN. Cc lp u tin sau y c php:
u tin lp 2 n 23 cho OB10 n OB47
u tin lp 2 n 28 cho OB70 n OB72

u tin cc lp hc t 24 n 26 cho OB81 n OB87; cho CPU xp

x. Gia 2001 (Firmware Version 3.0) phm vi khi m rng: cc lp
u tin 2 n 26 c th c thit lp cho OB 81 OB 84 cng nh
cho OB 86 v OB 87.

Bn c th gn cng mt u tin mt s quan st. Quan st cng vi cc u

tin c x l theo th t m cc s kin ca h bt u xy ra.
Li quan st bt u bi li ng b c thc hin trong cng mt lp u
tin nh l mt khi ang c thc hin khi xy ra li.

d liu a phng
Khi to ra cc khi logic (OBS, FC, FBS), bn c th khai bo cc d liu
tm thi ca a phng. Khu vc d liu a phng trn CPU c chia gia
cc tng lp u tin.
trang
70

Ngy S7-400, bn c th thay i s lng ca cc d liu a phng mi

lp u tin trong khi cc lp u tin "tham s bng cch s dng STEP 7.
Bt u Thng tin ca mt OB
Mi khi t chc c thng tin bt u ca 20 byte d liu a phng rng
cc ngun cung cp h thng iu hnh c bt u khi mt OB. Cc thng
tin bt u xc nh s kin bt u OB, ngy v thi gian ca s bt u OB,
sai st xy ra, v cc s kin chn on.
V d, OB40, ngt phn cng OB, c cha a ch ca cc m-un m to
ra cc gin on trong thng tin bt u ca n.

Event-Driven chng trnh x l

Cyclic chng trnh ch bin c th b gin on bi cc s kin nht nh

(ngt). Nu mt s kin nh vy xy ra, khi hin ang c thc thi b gin
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71

on ti mt ranh gii lnh v mt khi t chc khc nhau c gn cho s

kin c bit c gi l. Sau khi khi t chc c thc hin, chng
trnh tun hon c tip tc ti im m ti n b gin on.

iu ny c ngha l n c th x l cc b phn ca chng trnh ngi

s dng m khng c c x l theo chu k ch khi cn thit. Chng
trnh ngi dng c th c chia thnh "th tc con" v c phn phi
gia cc khi t chc khc nhau. Nu chng trnh ngi dng l phn
ng vi mt tn hiu quan trng xy ra tng i him khi (v d, mt gi tr
gii hn cm bin o mc trong mt bo co xe tng t ti mc ti
a), cc chng trnh con l c x l khi tn hiu c u ra c th
c t trong mt OB c x l s kin-driven.
Lp trnh tuyn tnh so vi cu trc

Bn c th vit ton b chng trnh ngi dng ca bn trong OB1 (lp

trnh tuyn tnh). iu ny ch nn vi cc chng trnh n gin bng vn
bn cho CPU S7-300 v yu cu rt t b nh.
Nhim v t ng phc tp c th c kim sot d dng hn bng cch
chia chng thnh cc nhim v nh hn phn nh cc chc nng cng ngh
trang
72

ca qu trnh hoc c th c s dng nhiu hn mt ln. Nhng nhim v

ny c i din bi cc phn chng trnh tng ng, c gi l cc
khi (cu trc lp trnh).

4.2.2 Gi Hierarchy trong chng trnh ca ngi dng

i vi chng trnh ngi s dng hot ng, phi c gi l cc
khi to nn chng trnh ngi dng. iu ny c thc hin bng cch
s dng c bit STEP 7 hng dn, cc cuc gi khi, m ch c th c
lp trnh v bt u trong khi logic.
Trnh t, chiu su lm t
Trnh t, lm t ca cc cuc gi khi c bit n nh h thng phn
cp cuc gi. S lng cc khi c th c lng nhau ( su lm t) ph
thuc vo CPU c th.
Hnh di y minh ha th t v chiu su lm t ca khi gi trong mt
chu k qut.

trang
73

C mt trt t c thit lp to ra cc khi:

Bn c th to cc khi t trn xung di, do , bn bt u vi
hng trn cng ca khi.
Mi khi c gi l phi tn ti, iu c ngha l trong mt
hng ca cc khi to ra chng l t phi sang tri.

Khi cui cng c to ra OB1.

a cc quy tc ny vo thc t cho v d trong hnh sn xut trnh t sau

y to ra cc khi:
FC1> FB1 + d DB1> DB1> SFC1> FB2 + d DB2> OB1
Lu
Nu lm t l qu su (qu nhiu cp ), d liu a phng trn stack c
th (Ngoi ra tham kho ngn xp d liu a phng).
Chn cuc gi

Hnh di y cho thy trnh t ca mt cuc gi khi trong mt chng

trnh ca ngi dng. Chng trnh ku gi khi th hai c hng dn sau
thc hin hon ton. Khi khi th hai hay cn gi l c thc hin, thc
hin ca khi gin on cuc gi c tip tc hng dn cc cuc gi khi.

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74

Trc khi bn chng trnh mt khi, bn phi xc nh d liu s c s

dng bi cc chng trnh ca bn, ni cch khc, bn phi khai bo cc bin
ca khi.
Lu
Cc tham s OUT phi c m t cho mi cuc gi khi.
Lu

Cc h iu hnh thit lp li cc trng hp ca SFB3 "TP" khi khi ng

li lnh c thc hin. Nu bn mun khi to cc trng hp ca SFB
ny sau khi khi ng li lnh, bn phi gi cc trng hp c lin quan ca
SFB vi PT = 0 ms qua OB100. Bn c th lm iu ny, v d, bng cch thc
hin mt thi quen khi to trong cc khi c cha trng hp ca SFB.

4.2.3 Khi loi

4.2.3.1 T chc Block cho ch bin Chng trnh Cyclic (OB1)
Cyclic chng trnh ch bin l cc loi "bnh thng" ca chng trnh
thc hin trn b iu khin logic lp trnh. Cc h iu hnh gi OB1 theo
chu k v cuc gi ny bt u thc hin theo chu k ca cc chng trnh
ngi dng.

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75

Trnh t x l Chng trnh Cyclic

Bng di y cho thy cc giai on ca chng trnh ch bin theo chu

k:
bc

Trnh t trong CPU n 10/98

Trnh t trong cc CPU t 10/98

Cc h iu hnh bt u gim st thi

gian chu k.

H iu hnh bt u theo di chu

k thi gian.

CPU c trng thi ca cc yu t u vo PU vit cc gi tr t bng hnh

ca cc m-un u vo v cp nht hnh nh qu trnh cc kt qu u ra
nh qu trnh bng ca cc yu t u vo. cc m-un u ra.

CPU x l chng trnh ngi dng v

thc hin cc hng dn c trong chng
trnh.

CPU c trng thi ca cc yu t

u vo ca cc m-un u vo
v cp nht hnh nh qu trnh
bng ca cc yu t u vo.

CPU vit cc gi tr t bng hnh nh qu

trnh cc kt qu u ra cc m-un u
ra.

CPU x l ngi dng v chng

trnh thc hin cc hng dn c
trong chng trnh.

Vo cui ca mt chu k, h iu hnh

thc hin bt k nhim v no ang ch,
v d ti v v xa cc khi, nhn v gi
d liu ton cu.

Vo cui ca mt chu k, h iu
hnh thc hin bt k nhim v
no ang ch, v d ti v v xa
khi, tip nhn v gi d liu ton
cu.

Cui cng, CPU tr v s bt u ca chu

k v khi ng li theo di chu k thi
gian

Cui cng, CPU tr v bt u ca

chu k v khi ng li theo di
chu k thi gian.

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qu trnh hnh nh
V vy, m CPU c mt hnh nh ph hp ca cc tn hiu qu trnh tun
hon trong qu trnh x l chng trnh, CPU khng gii quyt khu vc u
vo (I) v u ra a ch (Q) trc tip trn cc m-un I / O m l truy cp mt
khu vc b nh trong ca CPU c cha mt hnh nh ca cc yu t u vo
v u ra.
Lp trnh Cyclic Chng trnh ch bin
Chng trnh theo chu k ca chng trnh x l bng cch vit chng
trnh ngi dng ca bn trong OB1 v trong cc khi gi trong OB1 s dng
STEP 7.
Cyclic chng trnh bt u x l ngay sau khi chng trnh khi ng hon
tt m khng c li.
ngt
Cyclic chng trnh ch bin c th b gin on bi nhng iu sau y:
mt ngt

Mt lnh STOP (chn ch , menu ty chn trn cc thit b lp

trnh, SFC46 STP, SFB20 DNG)

Mt cp in

S xut hin ca mt li hay li chng trnh

Qut thi gian chu k

Thi gian chu k qut thi gian theo yu cu ca h iu hnh chy
chng trnh theo chu k v tt c cc phn gin on chu k (v d chng
trnh, thc hin khi cc t chc khc) v cc hot ng h thng (v d, cp
nht hnh nh qu trnh). Thi gian ny c theo di.
Thi gian chu k qut (TC) l khng ging nhau mi chu k. Nhng con
s sau y cho thy thi gian qut chu k khc nhau (TC1 # TC2) cho CPU t
10/98 n 10/98 v CPU:
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77

s
Trong chu k hin ti, OB1 b gin on bi mt thi gian gin on ca ngy.

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