Non-Linear Static Analysis of Building-Foundation System / SAP 2000

Non-linear Static Analysis of Building-Foundation System

considering Soil-Structure Interaction using SAP 2000 v 14
Dhiraj Raj
Research Scholar, Department of Earthquake Engineering, IIT Roorkee
For Queries please mail to: dhirajraj.iitr@gmail.com

Step-1 Linear Analysis & Soil-Spring Stiffness Calculation

Design the building as per linear analysis using expected strength and modified partial
safety factors.

After completing the analysis, get the reaction forces and moments at the bottom of each of
the columns connected to the footings, initially as fixed condition.

Then design the footing as per guidelines given in relevant IS codes and note down the
following footing parameters as L= length of foundation, B= width of foundation, D= depth
of the foundation, d= thickness of the foundation, h= depth of the CG of foundation from
ground level, and calculate the value of soil-spring stiffness as per formulae given in ASCE
41-06 shown in Figure 1 and 2.

FIGURE-1 Spring Constraints for Incorporation of SSI as per ASCE 41-06

Non-Linear Static Analysis of Building-Foundation System / SAP 2000

FIGURE-2 Effect of Embedment as per ASCE 41-06

Step-2 Non-Linear Static Analysis of Building

For this purpose use the Step 1, 2 & 3 given in previous tutorial Non-Linear Static Analysis
using SAP 2000.

FIGURE-3 Unlocked Model

FIGURE-4 Node selected @ Z=0 in X-Y plan

Non-Linear Static Analysis of Building-Foundation System / SAP 2000

Step-3 Assignment of the Springs

After completing the previous steps unlocked building model is shown in above Figure 3.

Go to X-Y plan @ Z=0 and select all points as shown in above Figure 4, then go to
Assign>Joint>Restraint and click on

and OK to free restraints.

Again select a point at A-1 and go to Assign>Joint>Springs and fill the all six (three
translational and three rotational) spring stiffness as calculated in above step, then select
Replace Existing Springs and OK as shown in Figure 5 and 6.

FIGURE-5 Spring Assignment Form

FIGURE-6 Spring Stiffness

Repeat the above step to assign the springs at each points in X-Y plan @ Z=0 as shown in
Figure 7.

Non-Linear Static Analysis of Building-Foundation System / SAP 2000

FIGURE-7 Soil-Spring Assigned

Step 4 Foundation Simulation

Go to Define>Section Properties>Hinge Properties and click on Add New Property shown

in Figure 8 and 9. Select Deformation Controlled in Hinge Type and click Modify/Show
Hinge Property as shown in Figure 10. Follow the Figures 11 to 16 to assign user define the
P-M2-M3 hinges and Shear hinges.

Non-Linear Static Analysis of Building-Foundation System / SAP 2000

FIGURE-8 Hinge Properties

FIGURE-9 Hinge Properties Form

Non-Linear Static Analysis of Building-Foundation System / SAP 2000

FIGURE-10 Frame Hinge Property Data

FIGURE-11 P-M2-M3 Hinge Data

Non-Linear Static Analysis of Building-Foundation System / SAP 2000

FIGURE-12 P-M2-M3 Hinge Form

FIGURE-13 P-M2-M3 Hinge Form

Non-Linear Static Analysis of Building-Foundation System / SAP 2000

FIGURE-14 Moment Rotation Curve Data

FIGURE-15 Shear Hinge Form

Non-Linear Static Analysis of Building-Foundation System / SAP 2000

FIGURE-16 Shear Hinge Data

Now follow the Step 4 & 5 given in previous tutorial Non-Linear Static Analysis using
SAP 2000 for Non-linear Static Analysis of Building-Foundation System considering SoilStructure Interaction.