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    3 views30 pages

    Management of Tailings Storage Facilities - Earth Resources

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    Mining Turkey
    Management of Tailings Storage Facilities - Australia

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    verano Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources Earth Resources © searen, Earth Resources Regulation ~ submenu Management of Tailings Storage Facilities Introduction 4, BACKGROUND “The Earn Resources Raglan Branch (ERR) of he Vicoran Deparment of Economie Developmen obs, Transp and Resources -Earh Resources (he dopa {er regulating the minerals, pevoleum and extractive nus Vitra and is ofshore waters, incng Commonwealth waters. I manages the acmiataion of th Development Act 1980 (MRD Act) and the Extractive Industry Development Act 1895 (EID Act).1 ‘This document ets out departmental paces and provides guidlines fr the managemont of tangs trom mining or extractiva indus in Vitoria, Aopen | sum: ‘Append I outnes the adminisvave proces fr obtaining a Work Authorty and Appendix I ists the main documentation required bythe department forthe approvi Talings Storage Factty (TSF) Tailngs comprise deposits of fre-grained residues from mining, processing and extractive operations. Management of taings is one ofthe main envormentalissves ‘ne mining and exvactve industes, partly the gldmining sector where the tains often contain cyan. Most tatogs dams in Vicia ae relatively salandsigrifcant encanta nidons associated withthe management of ings have bean rare, However, rece serious enviconmertal incidents have occured at mines in other pars of the word. Thelessons leaned rom these incidents highligh the need fora clear equltry fy ‘te engoing safe and environmental sponsible management alings. ‘Te departments ofthe view that, wherever possible, the management of talags shouldbe cbective based. recognises, however, thatthe communty must have & regulatory system and woul expec preserpfve measures fra number of key areas to ensure that sks have been addressed. In accton fr objactve sod meae thoy must be subject lo periodical aust bythe doparment or another independent exper. \Whhrever possible, the gudeines enable flexibly in approaches to allw innovation in alings management ano accommodate variations between stes inthe phys social envrarnans. Th overal amis to encourage the adoption of the best industy standards and practi in tlings management and te minimise the costo theo and lure gonecatons. Tangs storage operatons embrace fur main stages - design, costrcton, operation and decommissioning, However, hese sages are not crate as decisions a stage mpact onthe subsequent ones, ana the planned decommissioning processes have impcatons for he ears siages Early planing ad development of an appropriate talngs managorentsratgy is essontal othe success ofthe overall project. In particular, proponents fr talngs & demonstrate that ether optons have been uly considered. Proponents ave therefore encouraged to dscuss thet proposals at an early stage wth the Minerals and Pe Branch, 2. TAILINGS Tange fom the mining ane extractive industries are most commenly fs-grinesor fey ground materials lef var from such processes as + the crushing o or o other processes for extraction of metals or ather valuable minerals Lparading of er or cal by removing unwanted materials + washing of sand, cay and coal + buming of alo blast furnace operation (ash or ume) + chemical reactions as pat of «process (as for gypsum) and + preparation of constuction mates In Austata,talings ae usualy tanspored to, and discharged into, aTSF as sluy. The impoundment stuctsre of a TSF, or talings dam. has many snails to ac hoking dam athough there ae important ferences in terms ofthe way the dam is consucted and its conte. “Tangs ao chemical similar othe parent mata, bul te prosonce of process reagonts, evaporation of water and weathering after deposition may significa cha tangs have been subjected in some way to physical andor chemical Separation processes, suchas Notation, cyanidaton or ac aching, ATSF may therefore contain constuots tat raqure careful envonrental management, partly asthe pore fid may ince a varity of metas, chemicals, sal rmatoras. In ard ogons tho process water may also be san c hypersaline. Further information onthe nature of tates ean be found in ANCOLD (1999) ané Env (1995), The most common adverse characteristics of deposed lings in Victor are tkely tobe: + remnant cyan + bight + sulphide minerals which, trough oxidation, have the potential to gr + elevated arsenic levels rate 2c and consoquonlly mobilise heavy mas + Phy saline pore water and + collial clays DDepostion af tains in a TSF may be subsqueous (blow water or sub-aeral above the water In onthe ground or ona ‘beach foemed by tallngs) Other technique production of pastes and csposal init or underground. Talings can also be deposited in conjuction with waste rock or other materials; a tecteique refered to as co: lochnique i ry stacking, Appendx VI discusses te rature and construction of TSF. hnpseartresources. vie govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsiminerasigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practoemanagementofalings-s.. 120 verano Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources 3. APPLICATION OF THE GUIDELINES These guldetnes alm to ensure hat talings managementin Victorias environmentally senshive and safe, T hat end, they seek to ensure hat @ TSF fs + safe, both during ts operating life and afer closure; + managed to minimise waste generation: + managed to minimige envienmenta polkion and ‘shabillatos and rovegoated aftr closurs to minimise long-term risks lo to envionment, social impacs, fluo land use and visual amon _Atnough separate Acts and Regulatons gover mining and extractive atte in Victoria, the adminstratve requirements and processes are similar. Accordingly, wt guidelines ison tlings rom the mining sect, intended that mary aspects ofthe guidelines should also be appl by the extacive industries. ‘TSFs are not elevant ool or gas producton. Further, ahough coal extracton's governed by the MRD At, the tings ke waste steam (ash rom coal buring for not, Ash dleposal is subject o een under tha Envonmant Protection Act 1970 (EP Ac) ‘The various Acts and Regulators relevant tallngs management in Vitor are set cut Appendb: VIL ‘The discharge of mining wastes to land contained win an approved mine or quar site regulated under the EID Act and MRD Act and is exempt ftom Works App Under the Environment Protecton (Schedule Premises and Exemptions) Reguation 1996, Appendix Vl). However, any exteral discharges fom a mine or quay i ‘Act (1970) ‘range of aporoaches tthe management of talings has been adopted around the worl in response ta jurecctonallegslaton, climate and eomarphelegcal constr texperence. These guidelines are framed in be ight efcontarporary methods of tilngs management in Vitor. Thoy are rat ntrdd to constrain innovate propos encourage best practice and continual improvement, However disposal techniques evolving the submarine placement of aligs,o* ary uncontrolled placement of ta \watorways, ae considered ursuable and the department canna foresee he eeumtances in which his would be perma in Victorian wars. Accordingly, hese ¢ frase such acts, “Te guidelines are intended o apply to TSF of allsizes. However, forthe purpose of application of te poy requirements set out inthe flowing sections, the guide umber of cases between smal and large TSFS. These are categorised as follows Large TSFs ave those! + wan an enbarkent ofS m orhighor and a storage capacity of 80 ML or more; + wah an enbankcent of 10 m or higher and a storage capacity of 20 ML o mor: + wih an embankment of 15 mor higher, regardless of storage capacity or + where the combined storage capacity of ll TFs onthe sles greater than 50 ML “The height of the embankmant shoud be determin rom ts maximum height above natural surface, ‘Small TSFs are tose which donot meet or exceed the above eter, TSF storng contaminated talings mest mec! the same requirements a large TSF For the purpose of hese guidelines, lings are classed as contaminated they contain, or are predicted to contain, concentrations of conlaminants exceeding thos Defintions and Acronyms. Talngs that do nt exceed these crtera may ext low level contamination, DeparimentalPoteies and Reauremons fo Talings Management A. GENERAL 4, WORK PLAN Both the MRD Act and the E1D Act rogue a Work Pla to be lodged ans approved belore constuction o operation ofa TSF can commence. Where a TSF is pat of ‘quarrying proposal, the Work Pin equrements described in these qidetnes may be addressed as par of he Work Plan fo the aver project. However, where a T! Supplementary work onan existing sto, otsie the provisions ofthe current work pan, he operator must submit an appropriate Work Plan vaiaon Proponents sho appropiate planning approvals obtained where reuiod ‘Appendix I sets outthe applcation and approval process. ‘AWerk Plan shoul include plan fr + the development of the proposed operation + and associated infrastructure + ccupational neath and satay + environmantal managemont and closure and rehabiltaton works. “The Werk Plan documentation for a TSF shoul class + the design pan + dotas about the proposed management ofthe talings and wate, + plans fr the minimatien of impacts en native vegetation + plans for environmental monzorng and for manag rehabitatn, sks and emergenees, and + plans forthe intended endhuse ofthe TSF ste. ‘Appondx I describes th sto information usualy equred in a Work Plan fra TSF. ‘The Environmental Management Plan spar the Work Plan. Fora TSF, should nclade proposals and processes for mantring standard envcnmental parame groundwater and nearby surtace water, and show complance with he Acts and Regulations relevant o waler management a thes. tay also require laments 0 Significant rsks Montifed for the particulars, such as Impacts on flora and fauna or he generation of tor odour Monitoring scussed in Secon 18 of these g ‘The Risk Assossmont and Emergency Response Plan are also imparant laments ofthe Werk Pan fora TSF. These are discussed in Sectons 7 and 8 ofthese guc hpseartresources. vie gov aulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsiminerasigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practoelmanagementofalings-s... 230 verano Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources Work Plan Proponents should ensure thal the Work Plan fora TSF contains the tals reqied by ether the Mineral Resources Development Regulations 2002 for @ mine Industry Development Reguiatons 1805 (er @ quar), and hase sel out in bese guidolnos ard Appondé Il 5, PLANNING APPROVAL In adion to the departmental Werk Plan requirements, the proponent ora TSF may also need ta appl tothe Responsibe Author (usualy the local municipal) fe under the Planing and Environment Act 1987 ‘ner a proposed TSF represents a minor variation toa pre-existing operation, the proponent should confim with he Responsible Authorty wheter urther planing Where a proposed TSF hs the potential fo sigifcant environmental impacts, approval va an Environment fects Statement (EES) in accordance with tw Environn may berequted For ining projets, approval via an EES precludes the need to seek approval by way ofa Planing Pert ‘Tho approval process is set out in Append Ila the provisions of the Acts are summarise in Appendix VIL. Proponents requiring further information about planing requcements shoe consut MPO. In adtion to workplan and planning approval xojct may require approval und: the Cammenaoath Envtnmont Protection and Biedversy Conservation Act ‘This Act protects matters of atonal environmental signfcanc’ A proponents requies to determine whether the Act apples fo her proposal Proponents whe are « ‘who are unsure about wheter approvals requted, souls contact the Department ofthe Environment and Hedge, Planning approval ‘Tho Proponent ora TSF should ensure that approprate planning approvals in lace. "where a proposed TSF has the potential fr significant environmental impacts, approval via an EES may be required 6, CONSULTATION CConsutaton's @ process in which he proponent and he pul are abe to exchange information and views abouts projec, ts potential hazards and approaches toa The principal aspects ofeecve consutation nce: + idetfcaion of key stakeholers and othe iterested parties, an provision of information tats appropriate and ily forthe eds an facta their mea the process + estabishment of consutatve processes lo ensure ongoing engagement with the commun and + responding to community concoms na wansparent and fective manne, CConsutaton befor and during the design and operaton of the TSF should bs pat of the broader consultative process associated with he mining or extractive vertu ‘community patcipaton should also be undertaken shoulda major varialon to a project be proposed. fective consultation is an nigral part of isk management and iis undertaken in conjunction with monitoring and audng, Is also kely that Planing Peet or EES proces sos willequre ary projec of significant scale to undertake consulaon activi wi local communi potently proposed facty and other staehoos Whore a proposed TSF rpresents a minor varaon toa pre-existing operation, consllaton may not be necessary. However, proponents are advised to seek contin 1s lesue, CConsutaton The proponent of a naw TSF shouk! undertake adequate consutstion withthe community and interested stakeholers. whore a proposed TSF represents a incr variation oa pe-sxsing operation consuaton may nol be necessary. However proponents are advised lo Seek cen: ths 800, 7. RISK MANAGEMENT Risk managements about minimising Safty, heath, evronmental and nancial ris associate with he transportation ans storage af tallngs. Athough, for the mos ntely slminatod without atfctng the techncalor economical vibly of tho overall operation, the risks must be managedto ramain within acceptable mts. Hazards associated with operation of TSF may ais tough + inadoquate st socuiy + structural fair; + poration fare: + equipment ae, ane + unfersoon circumstances or consequences. Deficiencies in design, management or operational practice, Inadequate coal, unauthorised access, clmatc events or gectechical nstabity can reduce the safe Feorinstance, the main teas othe stably ofan artificial embankment are (EPA, 195): + overtopping by flood waters + Slope instabiky caused by high piezometric pressures; + pining offne-gined material dng seepage and + uetaction of saturated nes during seismic activity o ther vibration. “The more serous poterialimpacts associated with a TSF include + threat to human Ho, heath or brastrvture hnpseartresources. vic govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsiminerasigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practolmanagementttaligs-s... 9130 verano Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources + shor-trm and longterm polltion of ground andr surace waters; + raised groundwator loves resulting in salistion of to surface and stroams; + the rolease ofa large volume of waler and semi-idalings which smother vegetation, barket the land surface and reticl seam flow with sediment + threat to heath o if of wii, ivestock or domestic animals + ss of significant nave vegetation and + gonoraton of dust or odour Ins incumbent upon the proponent or owner of@ TSF to demonstrate tat ths immediate an long-term risks associated with talings handing and storage ar accepta design and operational decisions using convencna isk management techniques. Innovaive soluions tothe conta or eimination of isk are encourage, Management of sks involves structured and systematic approach hat enables protective measures to be wal targeted rather than other excessive o Inadequate. 7.4 Risk assessment Proponents of large TSFs or thase string contaminated talings should undertake a formalised Risk Assessment as pat ofthe Werk Pan submission. Risk assessment fora TSF should include a systematic assessment ofthe Ikeliood and consaquences of identfed hazards and encompass al aspects of ts desig ‘operation and closure. The assessment shouldbe reviewed regularly, based onthe performance of the faciky aginst ts design parameters andthe outcome ofthe a ‘Asingroquiemects are outined in Secton 16.5 Key elements inthe design of large TSF or one storing contaminated talings that require consideration nthe Risk Assessment include: + beaten + contanmant systems + type oft and + yanide management “The rospensititos ofthe operator of amine in idntiying hazards and assessing the sks to heath and safely Regulation 202 ar sel oun the Occupational Heath Regulations 2002 Proponents of potently high risk TSFS in the extractive industries are alto encouraged to consider these issues. Rick assessment planing incorporates the folowing steps Fick analysis 2. Description of every element and phase ofthe equipment, inastructue and operation andidenticaton of he associated potential hazards b, Estabtahing the lovel risk by a case by case analysis of nose hazards to este the lkelhood of n event occuring and its kely consequences. ick assessment «. Establshment ofthe etteria under which ave of tks accopabl, 4 Priston ofthe hazards and idenfication of thse wh tho rsk excoods, or has potato excood, the lve of acceptably. Fick teatment «©, Daveloomant of response machanisma to minimise tha major rake, hase could incide accepting the risk or abminang the hazare, avoiding th risk, ecucing the reducing the Ixelnood or transfering the risk, Risk contol measures shouldbe carefully assessed to prevent unintended consequences, {Implementation of te estabshed plan Fotiow-up {Monitoring of envermenta mdeators andthe performance of he safeguards, audting ofthe implementation process and the sk prole, pero review and updat ‘Assessment + adoption of rigorous operational procedures that ensure complance wih he assumptions made inthe design and + correct implementation of performance monitoring procedtes. Risk analysis fra TSF should ake ino account such factors asthe peximty of surface water ana groundwater resources ans ther use However, respective of Rsk Assessment resis, TSF must comply wih relevant emvtonmental legen and poly, such as the State environment protection po objectives (EPA, 2003) The processes invlved in environmental isk management, ands appkeabty to the mining industry a8 whale, Is described more ulin Environment Australia (19 Risk Assessment The proponents of a TSF should adhere tothe principles of sk management ané ensure that potential sks tothe community, workforce and environment a Proponents of lage TSFs or those staring contaminated tags should undertake a formatted Rk Assossment as part ofthe Werk Plan submis Proponents of re TSFs or hase storng contaminated taling should alo demonstrate ha the provisions ofthe Emergency Response Plan are based on aco Assessment Irospectve of Rik Assessment resis, TFs mist comply wih relevant environmental gstiton and poly, such as Stale environment protection poy (SE objectives. 8, EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN The consequences of a major flue a a TSF could bo very serous. These may include contamination of waterways and potable water supplls,impacis on fora anc loss of human fe Part ofthe documentation Va is quired for aporoval of any TSF is an Emergency Response Plan (ERP). hnpseartresources. vie govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsiminerasigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practoelmanagementottalings-s.. 4/30 verano Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources ‘The ERP shoul be propaed onthe basis ofa worst case sconari ad include procedures dascrbing an prorising such actons as protection of personne, ntifez services and resource management agences, advice to eghbours and immedate ard Inger term remedial ations, Implementation of such apn eouk make a sig ‘he cuteome of an acldent. The ERP should make specie provsion forthe TSF but may be Incded 3s par ofthe ERP for he overall operate, ‘Te scope and content ofeach ERP woul depend on the size of the particular TSF and the Setfed hazards. For inst be appropriate for small TSF and cols frm the basis fr a mere comprenensive ERP forlarge ones. 0, the proforma safely emergency plan sot ‘An ERP should confor tote oquroments for Emergency planing as set out in Regu 822 of tw Occupation Heath and Safety (Mines) Roguatons 2002 ar + an assessment of persons (such as wale diversion and groundwater extraction customers), property and envronmntal features a isk + sectors tabe taken appopeate to the scale othe emergency including lines of responsibil fan names and contact details of nominated safely personnel, involvement of police and emergency services + datas of any necessary evacuation procedure, Incusing te locaton of assembly pos nthe eve ofalure or Impending fae + accessible ave to al personnel on sit a tothe nature ofthe emergency wamng system or warnings and procedures ta be flowed and + raring and retreshment programs of safety procedures forall personnel invoNed [An ERP shouldbe produced in an appropiate format sapaals rom the main body of the Work Plan forthe TSF. The approved ERP should be keptin a prominent anc the oporaton conto ofthe mining oF extractive operation and shoul be avaiatel alsa and emergency senvces for use nthe case of an emergency. A copy sho to-each ofthe emergency services tkel 0 allond the acy. Emergency Response Plan ‘A documented Emargoncy Response Plan (ERP) shoud be propared spect ote TSF (but which may be included as part of tw ERP fo tho overall poratic ‘prominent and realy accessitle location al the operation contre 8.1 Incidents. “Tho salty of tings storage operations can be enhanced trough the sharing of experiences and knowledge about acidonlsandinciderts. Systems aleady functin notifieaton and dissemination of information on workplace accidents and environmental incidents. "TSF operators should rake provision for immediate noitcaton of incidents (ncidng near-miss incidents tothe dopartmont for timely and rigorous invostgaton. The ‘rule relevant efermaton from te incident reports to ther operators andjursctons as appropri relents chide: + jury or death of personel (whether egitmately on ste or cthrwis) + injury or death f fauna (domest o native) ono: near the TSF; + uncontrolled lease of alngs or supsmatant war (ips bs ks, overtopping of dam) + major, unplanned, seepage (cscemible impact on vegetation, sol contamination, groundwater accession) and + defects inthe stuctre of he TSF (cacking, skmping er sigifcant erosion ofthe wal faut inthe decant system Incidents Inedents and accents associated wth the management of aings shouldbe ported mesa, 9, WASTE MINIMISATION Tangs aro one of th principal waste streams inthe mining a extractive indus. It's acknowledge that although It may be possbloto mines and extractive operations, avoidance or elinatin of wast isnot practicable in many cases, luce te volame ofa Its also aporocate that, while drying or stabilisation oftalings can resutin ower risks fo the environment, hey also add cst to the operation and could make some uneconomic. Further, some lecmolgies that offer promise fr avoidance or aiinatin of waste, may introduce ober environmental isk. “The proponent ora TSF should consider polenta waste minimisation programs and reuse opportunites as an integral part ofa submission fra talings storage prop. ‘Subject tothe practicable offre bythe nature of the materials volved and ecanomice of the aperalon the onde af paferance for managing waste shouldbe: 1- Avoidance - processes or mates shouldbe changed, where possible, to eliminate the generation of he wast 2. Reuse some wastes may be redectad o other uses such as underground backfll and packing sand 23, Recycle materials nclded nthe waste may be stable a fedateck for further processing such as in canerete or shot rete production 4. Recovery of enargy- wastes may be usoul 2s fual fr energy production or substtulon 5. Troan may be posible to mako wastas innocuous by fer Keatmento peocessing 6. Contanment~ secure storage of wastes In faces that ae slated frm the environments often preferable to disposal ana 7. Disposal~ discharge of waste the environment under cortreled condtons and in a manner which dos net cause environmental harm, ‘Waste minimisation ‘The proponent for alarge TSF should provide an as sessment of appropiate atsatve waste management programs based onthe principles of waste miniisai should include a description ofthe metic and should consider practicality, cost and currant industry bast prac. Proponents for small TSFs shoul’ consier the principles of waste minimisation in development of he TSF proposal. The department may request further analysis v necessary forthe proection of he envranmentor eduction of risks to the coma B, DESIGN hpseartresources. vie govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsiminerasigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practolmanagementottalings-s.. $130 verano Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources 10. SITING OF A TAILINGS STORAGE FACILITY (One of the east and most important stages Inthe design of a TSF isthe sett of an appropiate ste, Site selecton often requtes analyte ofa number of competing factors, some ofwhich may be subject o regulation, may, for instance, be nuanced by the potential utr and landscape values or by bea planing sss. Factors related tothe sto ise such as the poral for ow or slsmic act, foundation condtons, ava tnd reabitaton materials, or the depth to groundwater, woul ls hvvence ts selecton In tum, the chosen ste may affect the overall cost: for example because of requremenis ‘TSFs shouldbe designed and locates to have the smallest practical catchment. The advantages and disadvantages of sting a TSF ina valley or away from a water ‘Aopandk VI, should bs nota, however that's departmental poley that a TSF with slgnfcant upsitesm catowment wl not be approved unless ths proponent ca lorvironmectl risks are adoquatoly addressed ard thore are no practicable ateratves. Maters that wile considered in assessing the proposal include: + the area and nature ofthe catchment above the TSF; + elmate condions, such as peak fows from eal design storms and wet seasons + the long erm stably of structures, such as steam diversions: + locaton of domestic watorsupptes + effect of ranage works on downstream Yow regimes, partulaty foodng; + landscape design and + the plana rehabitston outcomes. Siting of a TSF “The proponent ora TSF shoul identity and investigate reasonable potentalatomatve sts and undertake realise assessments of comparalver Whore a valley dam s the only practicable altemave, the proponent should domons¥al halal environmental isks have boon denied and are adequate ‘TSFs should be designed and located to have the smallest practical catchment 11. TAILINGS STORAGE FACILITY DESIGN ‘TSF ae alors othe particular st. he mineralogy and treaiment ofthe raw material and the dasied uimate landform, The primary design objectives outined byt ‘Austraan Natonal Commitee on Large Dams ars (ANCOLD 1998) + the safe and stable containment of tangs; + the management of decant and ain runt + the minimisation or contro of sospage + a cos ffectve storage system and + planned system fr afectve closure “Te design should be adequate or he proposed use, meet contemporary standards and have ideified an adrossed alte kel sks associated withthe ste, the containment mater, the nature, quankty and treatment ofthe talings, constucton process and closure. “Te dosign of large TSFs shouldbe based on aporopiale standards and princpls such a those oulnodin‘uidonos on Talngs Dam Design, Construction ard O 1999) ad ‘Gudelnes on Selcton of Acceptable Food Capaciy For Dams’ (ANCOLD 2000) and subject to adequate Risk Assessment. For small TSF (ot storing appropiate design ertera can be foundin the gude to managing the safety af fazm dams ~ Your dam, your responsibity (NRE 2002). Tho Design Pan of age TSF, and those of any size that wl store contaminated talings, shoul! be undertaken and coed by a suitably qualfiod and experienced acronyms} The dosiners shoul cleat deine he parameters and assumptons tat are made Inthe design process and develop an appropiate design response, The designer paricularrequremers for ensuring the ongoing stably ofthe embankment including montoring programs. The designer shoul submt Design Cerfcatin tothe det reel appropials engineering and safety slandards and are consistent wit hese guidlines The design should include a descrpto'specicaton of what paramstars bo used in construction mening ovety the dosign assumption. ‘Where a proponent can demonstrate that they meet crtia(b) to (g) ofa stably qualified and experienced person the department may allow fr intal design ofthe independent corfeaton of he desig, by aporson fling alte criaria ofthe above doinon, willbe quire, Proponents should demonstrat that the most aporopite disposal method has been selected, Aemaives fo wet storage systems fortalings dlcharge ae encourat Important if te nature of he talings matecals may compromise nal rehabitatlon (such as simes tha wil ot ry successfull). In Such cases proponents of large TS ‘show tat ateratves to wet daposton have boon oxamined and tasty its Use altamative s proposed, Contemporary types of TSF ane their constucton are describod in Appendix VI. Construction ofa conventional dam style TSF usually involves an tal embankment othe dam crest asthe need arses, Proponents shoul! spect the ype and number ofits atthe time of inal design and display contol of any ks associated with Proponents shoul! avoid the use of talings to constuct the dam embankment, because ofthe nau of tangs ath climate in Vita, This parca iota orfor large TSFS.A Rsk Assessment wil be requted where kis proposed to use talngs fr dam embankment constuction Proponans must submt the design ofthe TSF to tho department or approval, The relevant etal of the planned operation shout also be entered onthe Tings Sto ‘Sheet (Append V7), which should be presented wth the design, TSF design ‘The proponent of a ange TSF using wet deposition should demonstrate that his methods the most appropiate or he st and that ateatives have b Desig Plans for lage TSF and those TSFs string contaninated talings, should be prepared bya suitably quafed and experienced person wo should sub ‘Design Certication othe depariment that the plans meet approprate engineering and safety standards and are consent wth these qudelnes hpseartresources. vie govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsiminerasigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practolmanagementottalings-s.. 6120 verano Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources \Wherea proponent can demonstrate that they meet itera 2) 0 (ofa suitably qualfled and experienced person the depariment may allow for inleral design ot Independent certfietion ofthe desig, by a person lila the ereria of the above dein wil be ques 11.4 Design for water management Good water managementiscrical'o the safety of the TSF andthe quay ofthe final outcome. The design a large TSF should dsply a quanitave wate balance (Appendix Il and V1) ard saisty the worst caso! combination of risk factors (e.g ful TSF, wave action, design stom, breaksown of decant process). iter design requirements for TSF including Fecboard and emergency spiways are spected in Appendix VI. These are adapted fom ert outined by ANCOLD Proponents of small Fs contaning benign or low kvel contaminated tallngs and witout an extemal catchment may choose to adopt the requirements outlined nN ‘he TSF must be sufcient to conan the wast inputs and rainwater during a one inten year wel year and stlretain 2 minimum ane mete Feeboars. Large TSE6, TS*6 with axtmalcatchmns or TSFS string contaminated tlings must provide assossmenss fo demonstrat that the TSF has the capacty to mas ‘Appandix VI. To this ond, the catchmr: size should be as small as practicable as run rom hora fling on the surrourng lard surface as well as thal within the accounted for. Ruff cakulaors shout be mado accordance with aproprao metrods as cutinod in IEA (198) and Bureau of Metoorlogy (BOM, 2003). Most TSF in Vitoria are designed to have no ischarge, However, appropriately designed emergency spllways ar requ taegs te doa with he exceponalcrcumslance where there isa risk of embankment a ‘The splay shoul be designed and maintained othe peak Now rom the storm o emergency ovedlow dam, which s kept erty ding narmal operations. for al raw large TSFS or any TSF stor (Appenet Vil without damage tothe embankment an intastucture, The spb “The departnt and the EPA must be nated prior lo the commencement of the emergency discharge and implementation of the ERP may be quire. ‘where sub-2eraldeposion (in which ral ehabistion requires drying of he tangs mass) s proposed in large TSF, he design shoul include decant or war re minimise to amount of syporata waar inthe dam at any ono tine _Atornatively, the proponent shoulé demonstrate why a decant or water recovery facil isnot requed and that risks have boon adequtaly adressed ‘The type of water deca system used and, particulary, the location af ary decant pond may influence the stably ofthe embankment Where upstream Its are prope shouldbe situates away from the cuter wall of the TSF to reduce both the degre of saturation of he enbankrant meters and he piezometc vel Where diversion of clean runof water around @ TSF is requred, works shouldbe careful designed io prevent downstream impacts such as erosion or sition. Desi shouldbe based onsite specie hydrological data Design for water management “The design of large TSF or one storing contaminated tangs should cspla a quaitave water balance ofall gains andlosses. Large TSF or ones storing contaminated tangs should comply with the water design requiements specited in Appendix VIL Emorgeney splays aro requced fr allnew large TSF and allnow TSFS storing contaminated lings. The splay should lsd oan amergency overow dam normal operations. Where sub-aerial deposition is proposed ina large TSF, the Gesign should include decan or water recovery facies ‘Where sub-aeral deposition Ie proposedin a krge TSF the design should include decant or water recovery facies. 11.2 Seepage Containment “TSF must be designod to ensure thal the benefiiuses of groundwater and surface water are protected anda prevent other undesirable mpacts such a8 waterog: sanisatin, _Atough the permeabilty of deposted tatings sediments often low an they may have the capac to quickY altonlate contaminants, some seepage trom TSFS, bo phase and after deconmssioning, i nevtable. Where seepage may contain contaminates f must be minimised to levels ra willnot cause groundwater of surface w Seepage may be controled by the intalton ofa Ine andlor adequate nde drains, Proposed under dranage systems shouldbe subject o appropriate Rsk Asses: an extemal seepage collection system may be eqred. Whore tategs ar net (0.9. small mines and extractive indy) and te undoing substrate provides fm, bw permeabilty foundation, seepage rats may be of ‘may rat be required. However all proposals for TSF should demonstrate that te poposed designs appropriate lo he parteubrcrcumstances. As specified n sect Risk Assessments reqited forthe design of alarge TSF, c one string contaminsted tailngs. This should consider not only the chemical compositn othe seepag ‘seepage has the poten o cause or exaceroate waterlogging an land salnsaton Inthe mining industry where iangs often contain cyanide, heavy metals or other undestableconstiuens, seepage rales usually need to be managed by the instal land often an under drainage eystem, A numberof epions fer ler constuction are available nlicing clay and arfesallines or a combination of bth whore a ners required for large TSF or one storing contaminated tangs, the Risk Assessment process shoul be used to speciy an approprata design permeak treknes. The Risk Assessment should incl consideration of te + potential ate of seepage under and traugh he embankment an the base of he TSF; + predicted chemical composition of seepace: + precited prysical and chemical propartes of healing: + characteristics ofthe underying substrate, and + potential mpacts onthe beneicial uses of groundwater and surface war systems. ‘TSF cosign proposals incorporating @ clay Iner should spect a minum thickness forthe ner, aking the flowing factors into account + the thickness requred to ensure constructions practicable given the need o compact inlay Sevelopment of preferential pathways + the applicability of assumptions about he degre of compaction tobe achieved and the extent of homogensty in tho Iner ator + the pormoabilty of the underjing substrate: + the expected permeabity ofthe emplaced tings and + the isk afte liner irtogity being compromised by cracking or mocharical damage while talings are boing deposited or pro to commencement of depostion nd minis hnpsteartresources. vie govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsiminerasigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practoemanagementoftalings-s.. 7130 verano Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources [As stad abovs, the primary objective of TSF designs assurance ofan appropri oval of containment fr tallngs. For TSF storing contaminated talings (Defi department requires that the standard of containment sa ast equivalent to a constucted Kner of 0.5m hickness of cy, wth a peemeabity of 10-2, In some cates, the containment eystem proposed fer a TSF storing contaminated tain, may inde arficialiner or incorprate a ow permeabily substrate ora isthe caso the proponent must demonstrate thatthe pcopases system provides the raquredlevelof containment. The departrent ray consul over elavantagencie ‘whether o approve such proposals ‘Seepage Containment ‘TSFs must be designed o ensure that the benef uses of groundwater and surface water are protected and ta proven ther undesirabi impacts such as wat ‘salnaaton ‘Winer a Ines requted fora lage TSF of one storing contaminated tallngs, he Risk Assessment process as outlnedin ection 7-1 should be used to spect ar permeablty andlne thickness For those TSFs storing contaminated alngs, the standard ova of containment shouldbe at fast equivalent o 0.6 mae of clay with permeabily no greater 11.3 Design for closure Most TSF roquie large quantities of cover matrlfor closure Accordingly, he Werk Plan should describe how the TSF is tobe closed ard tho source fthe cover assessmeet ofthe geochomsity ofthe tatlngs, oKontty any consttuents wih the potential to have an enwonmental impact fundaentalto assessing requrerer ‘The type and dpth of cover ae also infuencod by the desired rovegetation outcomes and fre actives permit onthe closed TSF. These mato are discussed Design for closure “The Work Plan should describe how the TSF is tbe chsed andthe source ofthe caver mater The design should account forthe end use ofthe lan, the nan proposed reabiltaton 12, MANAGEMENT OF CYANIDE Scum cyanide Slutons are widely used inthe mining industry fr te recovery of gold and other nonferrous meals. Industry favours cyanide because the techno Understood, and avaliable at reasonable cost However, cyanide is tighl toxic and must be very careful managed to minimise the associated risks. Tange cantaring tove chemicals, such as cyan, can often be rated to neu ther oxicly, Howaver, the processing costs must be welghad against the bane consiseraton is that cyanide compounds degrade rapidly in the ervranment, Ptental technologies fo replace cyanide ext but are notin wide use and ae, n some ¢ rote hazardous, “Te approach fo be taken in he management of cyan a paricular site fs best determined by considering the hazards and risks appicable othe lcalon. Forex ste close to wetlands thal suppert a gh waters population may consider tho sk of bed mata oe high In such case tay Be appropiate fo consider nat forthe erection of physical bares to exclu the Beds. (On the othr han, ina ferent locaton whace lage bed popular are unkely, the nora operatonal concesraton of cyanide may be considored accoptale, Sim {TSF within a domestic or any potable water supply catchment woul need to consider he risk of eertaminaton of water supples nth case ts highly Ikey that n would be requ to adequatly reduce the sk {As indicted above, decisions about te management of cyanide depend on a numberof nsracteg factors. formal hazard deneaton and assessment approach ‘te best approach is also essential that this assessment be underian n conjunction with Rsk Assessments (secon 7.1) fr oer elements of TSF design such ‘management and permeabily, so thal the outcomes are complementary Factor tobe considered in elaton to management of eyande include: + planned and possibe cischarge concentration and amounts fom te plant the TSF + potenti mpact on wif; + Fisk to surtace waters; + sks to groundwater, + aks to hvsstock and domestic animals ana + sks to poople Contos that should bo considered to miigate the sks of cyanide include + reduction or eliminaton ofthe amount and concentration of cyarise in alings + animal deterrents (acoustic o visible + physical bars to access by animals tothe supematant water, such as fencing, mesh covers or foating bares: + scant eystame or seepage contralto reduce the surface area othe supernatant pond + mere intensive ite supervision and + amendments to design ceria, suchas structural design or dopositon mothe, In adetion to te above requirements, operations that use cyanide must comply wh the Occupational Heath and Safely (Mines) Regulations 2002 regarding the pote mines against isk ‘Cyanide management he proponent fora TSF shall provide a delaled and operation specie Risk Assessment forthe management of cyanide talings. The TSF design and manageme ensure sks are adequately accessed ©, CONSTRUCTION hnpseartresources. vie govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsiminerasigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practolmanagementottalings-s.. 120 verano Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources 13. CONSTRUCTION TO DESIGN I's ease that construction ofa TSF accords withthe approved design ands arid out to a high standard of workmanship, Adequate superislon of he Works relevant factors are aderessed ‘suitably quaed and experienced person shoud undertake supervision of the constuction af arge TSF and those where contaminated lings are tobe sere. ‘As Constructo! Reports dtaing tbe constuction of each ft shouldbe prepared and retained to assist determination ofthe overall stably and th futuro Hoof to T “The roparis should neko survey drawings of + the oiginal ground surface contours inside and auside the TSF; + the locations oftest boreholes and pits (and details about their backfling) + the locations ofthe erainage syst + the locations and profes of ary berow pis inside the acy: + embankment profiles and the ning has been constructed tothe required specications + confirmation th ‘Tho rtenon of Consiucton Records is sont forthe fective motoring of ng trm performance (MCMPR and MCA 2002) Ground conltons should be properly monitored and appropiate remestal works undertaken where zones of higher permeabily or lone structural send are encot subetat, This normation should be incised in te'As Constructed Report, ‘The embankment walls shouldbe corey eyetin, Some designs may rly on such technically complex features as grou curtains or geo-memivane Ines. “The materials used shouldbe appropeate and compatible with tho resto the design, emplaced to the correct compaction levels and gradient and produce an erosion 1 whore tis necessary to vary the design during construction ofa large TSF; the operator shoul very thatthe changes do not compromise the design objectives. The roviowed and endorsed bya suitably qualifed and experienced porson (such as be egal design) ‘The Icensoeisrequtod to submita deal ‘As Construct’ Report foreach I ary large TSF or one whore contaminated talngs are tobe stored, which cans comples withthe design ana sets out any modfeation to he des gn. ‘A sutably qualified and experianced person should cert the report ‘where a significant change tothe design of large TSF is necessary a revised design, prepared and ceried by suitably qualified and experienced person, must bes department fr approval ‘A significant change inthe designs one that would afect the Rsk Assessment of tho TSF Construction of a TSF Upon completion othe tal construction of alge TSF or one tht wil store contaminated talings and upan the complaton of each he loensee obtain cenfiaton from a stably quale and experianced persn that the construction ofthe TSF as constructed accords wth the cert! and approved ») submit the ‘As Constructed Report and the Construction Cartfiation tothe departmen men tis necessary to madly the design of atargo TSF during construction, the iconswo shout: {8} determine the modification i sircant: b) aban prior agreement othe meio rom the person who cerifled the erignal design) a sigrif\eant change i revised design tothe department for approval cere by stab qualfied and expetlencee person d) an completo, obtain cetiicton rom a sutaly qualifies person nat he morkfestion as constructed meets appropriate engtcerng and sey standards andls consistent wth these qudalnes and) submit te Md the cepariment ‘The Icensee of a small TSF should ensure hat constuction Is undertaken in accordance withthe design and to professional standards D, OPERATION 14, OPERATIONAL PHASE MANAGEMENT ‘Wellplanned operational practices can reduce long term coats and minimise risks to the environment. The Werk Plan shoul stout the planned operational ase of include planning forthe systematic doposion of talings, water an process chomcal inthe fait. Although these processes are simple, minor varios nthe way an sgnfeanty lmpact onthe outcomes. Toth end an Operations Manual, for tisaton by operational personnel, shovk be n place from the te of commissioning ofthe TSF. Ths should provide the basis objectives ofthe Wark Plan nto appropriate actors on teste, The velo etal nan Operations Manual woul be determined by the characterises of he specie st, However, te manual should document al evant operat ‘oles and responsibites rod fr talngs dopositon ‘water management and maintenance of fresboard (e.g Append VI and VI) inspection schedule and maintonance; am safely an environmental monte record keeping reporting oquiremonts and any adeonalrequrementsspecied bythe designer. ‘TSF personnel shoud havea dtaled understanding of those aspects of the Operations Manval relevant fo ther day to day functions and responsbites. The operat Updated as required ta reflect any significant cnanges in st candons| Operation An Operations Manual, for ulilsation by prational personnel, shoul be in place from he time of commissioning af a TSF. hnpseartresources. vie govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsiminerasigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practeelmanagementofalings-s.. 9130 verano Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources “The marval should documenta relevant operational procedures fr the spec its “TSF pereonnal shoud havea dtalec understanding of those aspects ofthe Oparations Manual relevant to tha day to day funetions and responsibil. 15, PIPELINES. Most tallngs management operations involve pumping and conveying of talings and decant water by ppaline, Escharge splgoting ann some cases, separation or ofthese acs irroduce ark of accidental dscharge a8 a esul of false of mechanical systems Such as broken pipelines or fauly conta devices -or materals Imabtenance ard ephacement schedules fr mechanical equipment are necessary for sate operation Tangs ppetnes may be required to have control systems designed o shut the supply puro down now condon is detected a the cscharge end. This ensure supply is stopped i catasvophc falure occurs inthe pipeline. These systems do nt hawever, eliminate te isk ofa dscharge event where a ppaine develops as otal completly Most existing pipalines are constructed in enches or between parall nds so that spllage Is directed to dedicated catch dams. Escapes may silloccur whore leu escapes aa a jet at an elevated rectory. Machanisme to minimise th chance of such events incl completely encasng th pipsine ina secondary sleeve or cone Pipe joints. _Altnough the department does no spcily partculr measures for increased safety for alngs pipelines and cher equipment, the proponent and operator shoul be ak ‘he measures proposed and implemented reduce the rks fo an acceptable ve Procedures for pnsline inapactions shoul form part ofthe Operations Manual Pipelines \iritenracards ofinepscton and maintenance fangs pipelines and oer alings equipment shouldbe maintained and made avaiable for auc ‘The proponent and operator should demonstrat hat measures proposed and implemented to prevent accidental discharge reduce the rsk of a cischarge evento 18, MONITORING, AUDITING AND REPORTING Montring and austing ar ee sent management cols forthe operation ofa TSF. Where montorng or aud ndcates dafciencies nthe Risk Assessment or rik rec shouldbe a charly dtd process fr review of those measures. Monitoring, auditing and reperting ‘program for mentoring, uding and reporting operational and environmental actors appromie tothe nature and seal ofthe operation shouldbe inte inthe “The monitoring and reporting components ofthe program should be specifedin he Operations Marval 18.1 Monitoring ‘A site spectic mentoring program shouldbe davloped fora TSF based onthe Key risks identifi inthe Risk Assessment process and on other known issues. “The montaring program should ensue early dtection of any unexpected impacts, I should also enable validation ofthe aasumptions mad inte Rik Assessment & the operation where further ek analyse is warranted. A program ta monitor large TSF or ane string contaminate tailngs shoul: + iontty the scope of the program: + define the obctves of the program: + determine te inccators to be measured, + saloct sample collection ses (for example, fr surface and groundwater) + determine the mantoring frequency (daly, weekly, monthly, ec) + were necessary establish a ste based laboratory andlor select an appropriate testing laboratory (NATA registred); + report resus, partculrly any that exceed specified is and + ensure that icensees are able ofl the requirements of Schedule 15 the Mneral Resources Development Reguatons 2002. The Work Plans fr all TSF should include a te specie montorng program based on the key risks donfid in tho Rsk Assossment process and on oer kn process for epeting outcomes tothe community. 16.2 Safety monitoring of tailings storage facilities Routine monitoring of a TSF damis ame al avoiding fare by giving early warring of any symptom of rouble so thal tmely maintenance can be cariod out Frurtar, 2 TS* is usualy designed for pariculrtlings characteristics. Davis rom thass particular characters (suchas grasing, density or chemical const th operating procoduros ad tho performance ofthe facity Depending on the facil, fealurs ta be included in safety monitoring program fora lage TSF may include: page or eakage twough the embankment + cracking sips, movement or defoemtion af the embankment + erosion of the embankment + pond evel + pon ation (locaton of the pond against the embankment may pose paicular problems); hnpseartresources. vie govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsimineraslgudelines-and.codes-o¢-practoemanagementottalings-... 1030 sap02016 Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources + siazometclvels in embankments (a this end, knowing the locaton ofthe prea surface woul asset + structural detects or obstruction ininrastruture (ut pipes, splay, decant system) + borehole groundwater elvatons: + ndorcin ow rates + obstruction or erosion of version rains and + charactoristies and consoldaton behaviour of totaling (enabling prediction of fra settbmant and remont of design to suit tho podcted condos). In preparing a safety mentoring program, proponents should aso consider the povsions af ANCOLD (2003) quidetns on dam safety management Simpler butnevertetess systematic and fective monitoring programs can usualy be devised for smater TSF based onthe above features. The guide Your dam, y. 2002) also provides ust information on safety survellance of small dans ‘Safety Monitoring of TSF Monitoring of TSF shouldbe tlre tthe size and nature ofthe TSF and ls contents andthe associated risks ientfed nthe Risk Assessment pr Proponents should include an appropriate TSF efety mentoring program nthe work plan inching an Annual Aust a8 requted by Section 16.6 Operators of ge TSFs should ensue hat an inspection and review of da safety undertaken a east anual by a Sllably quad and experience 16.3 Environmental monitoring rk Plans oral age ming and extractive ste are requced to incorprate a montorig program to adress key envirrmentalissues and a process for reporting communty, Environmental monoring may alsa be requed for TSFe at smallmine or extractive sles depending upon he sizeof he TSF. typeof tailngs and the rik Propety designed, 2 monitoring program should assist the operator fo run the mining or extractive operation and TSF ficiently and wih minimum impact on the envi produced can alsa help demonstrate performance tothe communay and shoud fllth reporing requrements of Schedule 15 ofthe Meal Resources Developmen “Te ewrenmontal montring program fr the TSF sheuld be incorpraid into the overall Environmental Menagomont Pan forthe ss. Envconmenal aspects that may require monitoring include: + empacs on surface water: + enpacts on groundwator quay + enpacs on groundwater love + senpacis on vegetation + pac on fauna (in particular are suscepbe to poisoning by crinkng tllngs supernatant water) + pacts on aquate ecosystems; + generation of dus, noise or odour, and + spray dit ands effects on te vigour of adjacent vegetation, where aerial sprays are use to erhance evaporation oo reduce dst. Remedial acon shoud be implemented candlons ae found abe outside the design or preccted parameters Groundwater is one ofthe most commonly monitored envirormartal aspects. A number af bores are usualy installed at selected locations arcund a TSF to enable mo level and quality f groundwater. good understanding of the ocal groundwater environment ane chemistry is necessary fo ensue that bores ae located in appropis the corect depth n some cases, mip bores are required io intrcopl diferent aqulers. Its also common{o instal shallow bores near dam wals to permit detection of any seepage that might cur. Where a TSF is constructed near surface watercourses practice to montor upstream and downstream fom the fcify. hough, in most cases, no discharges permite, montoring allows the operator to very compliance contamination has occured by any pathway associated wih the TSF. Samples wil eed tobe collected beter, cing and ater hee ofthe operation. ‘Adtional parameters tobe montored and the rare and deta ofthe monitoring woul depend on the site-by-ste Risk Assessment thal woul identity the erica haz Factor that shoul be monitored flowing decommissioning of TSF, and unl hese is resumed by the and owner or land manager, are dgcussed ater in this doc, Environmental monitoring ‘The moniering program shoul address key environmental sues. 16.4 Monitoring of transfers In accordance with Schedule 15 othe Mineral Resources Dovelopmant Regulations 2002, the volumes and chemical charactrstes of talings and process water va mining TSF shall oe montored and included in the Anrusl Repert as part of he normal repartng othe operation. Append IV Tangs Storage Facty Data Shet, po proforma, “The raprts can provide an understanding ofthe characteris of he waete stor inthe TSF and may be important for flue land management decisions. They cou ‘operator some insight ita the degree fo which appeation of the prncioles of waste minimisation has boon successful, Monitoring oftranstors, ‘The volumes and chemical characters oftallngs and process wale transferred oo rom a mining TSF shall be mentored 16.5 Auditing and reporting Regular independent aud ensure that essential systems and procedures are mantined and improved where necessary Periodic oporatonal aud aso provide a valuable stats repr of actual performance ofthe TSF against te design parameters, expectalons o assumptions. The re angoing history of te facly, which s veal on stes where fequent personnel changes occur and assist with alegs management planing, wall It shedullg and im hnpseartresources. vie govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsimineralsigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practoemanagementottalings-... 11/20 verano Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources overall operation “The operator of kxge TSF or one storing contaminate tailngs, shoud ensure that a suitably qualified and exparenced person (preferably the orignal design) il ‘Aus and roviow of facilly. This should confirm thatthe operations are consistent wits the Work Plan and shoul! assoss the adequacy, apolcabilly and impair ‘Areal Aud Report shouldbe submited othe department, Periodic Aull and Review Ropors should include the following: + update ste plan + updated survey plan of the foci including crass-sectons and contours of the embankment and tangs beach; clung cerfcation fom a suitably qualified = ‘hat ary consiucton (since the lest reper) meets appropiate engineering and safety standards and is consistent wih the constons set cum these uidlines + dala on he engineering properties (including dspersiorvrodby tests) of ary constuction and fring materials acualy used, comparison of performance agai thei sources pated data onthe properties ofthe talings stored inthe faci ‘ecnetiaon of he stored volume ad deste ofthe alg aginst the Work Plan Caleulatons of the depositon rate against capacity and ol tho remaining capac is trms of tine and vu; water balance data lmatie condos over the prod botwoon reports dala rom daly (rane inspections) and periods monitoring during TSF operation for such actors as dus, odour and water management where not oberwise ‘Schedule 16 reper} ‘review ofthe rests ofthe safety and stably montring done in accordance with Secon 162; ‘review of the resus of environmental and alings vansfer monitoring done in accordance with Sectons 16:3 and 16.4 + efermaton on operation of dversin; drains, TSF capacty and teeboard ard downstream areas dung storms and wetter seasons: + efermaton onthe lation and depth of boreholes arte proposed monitoring program fr boreholes inspecton and maintenance schedules for tlings pipelines and other talings equipment + iefermaton on the conduct fhe operations in tars of he isk assessment and planned operations forthe next recarcilatonparod Auditing The operator of alarge TSF or one storing contaminated alings should implement an Aral Auli an review of the faciy to confirm operations are consistent ‘Tho Annual ul shoUk’ be undertaken by suitably qualified and experienced person, preferably the orginal designer. For mining TSF, to report onthe Annual Aust shoul be submited to the dopartnt accompanied bythe Tallngs Storage Facity Data Shoot Appa E, DECOMMISSIONING 17. OVERVIEW Tangs material must be securely sloed for an indo period and present no hazard to public healt and safely or the environment. Therefor the closure of TSF ‘Works mist be as rent stable, a resistant to degradation and as consistent win the surrounding landscape as possible. The design should aso seek to mis upkeep. “The nature ofthe tlings, he process by which they were deposited and the design fr water recovery can signcantly influence the cosis and risks associated wih The diversity n materls and obectves makes impractical to prescribe designs for TSF covers. Operator are encouraged to undertake research Ito cover desir ‘ype proposed hases on a case -by case analysis of he objectives and risks. Proposed designs wil be assessed on thar ments 18. CLOSURE 18.1 Closure strategy Early planing fr closure ofa TSF can reduce sks for both the communty and operator and minimise costs a the end ofthe projects Me. Most TSF requir large rmaterafor clbsure. Accordingly, a proponent nest demanstate inthe ita Work Plan. how the TSF is o be lose and the source of cover materia. Somasines a {specie of he intial Ranabltaton Plan wllno longer be appropri. Inti shuston a revised closure proposal submited. 2s Work Plan Varaton may be required, Closing a TSF can valve anumbe of processes. In many cases stored tangs must be ded over along pero to enable the passage of earthmoving equpmant Ir engineering works may be required, such as the constuction af a spilay and altration of surface drainage, the provision of layered dry cover or contol to esi ‘The progressive closure and rehabilitation of individual TSFS, or calls of TSF, s encouraged, provided this integrated nto he overallclosure strategy. Progressive ‘oppertunty to menter the success of reclamation statgies and tortie future programs inthe gt of eperatonal expeionce (MCMPR and MCA 2002), “The potel environmental impacts of decommissioned TSF include groundwater contaminaion, acid drainage and erosion of material by water and wind While the {alrois usualy reduced duo to the de-watred nature ofthe doposi under certain ezcumslancesitrmain an important consideration, “The al lnaform design must bo compatble withthe form af cvtainment er encapsulation ofthe tallngs, the nature ofthe embankment matrl, the moods ofthe cc landowner. any legal requirements, climate, local topography and te lvel of management avaible aftr reclamation Closure Plane forte cesure of a TSF shoul bo incladed in the nl Work Plan fr the TSF. “The raturo of cesure ofa TSF shout be appropriate othe nature ofthe contents, the desired final landform and accord with community and landowner o> Progressive closure and rehabilstion of inviual TSF, o eels of a TSF s encouraged, provided hs Is irtgrated into the overal closure strate hpseartresources. vic govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsiminerasigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practoemanagementttalings-... 1230 verano Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources 18.2 Cover design The characteristics of the parler tings ard the topographic, hyerogeoloical,geotecrnical and imate characterises ofthe dsposal ste usualy determine the a design. Covers range from complex mublayers of erty and rock t those where oly arelatvely thn growing medium sre onthe surface, ‘Viner te talings i, fr example, suphii, k may be essential to excude oxygen om the substrate, In which case te cover must include an anak layer ot imperm Circumstances, water covers or dese incorporating an arial high waterabl are often weed, here te lings are les reactive, impermeable layers may net be necessary to instal a layer of broker rock to stop caplly ris orto use large volume of material n order to provide a suffciont dpth of sal for oot establshmer ‘SFE are described in EPA (1996), Cover design “Tho proponent should demonstrate thal tho type and depth of cover proposed or closure of @ TSF is sulabl forthe nature of the conned tangs, tho propasec ‘subsequent management regime. 18.3 Revegetation “The type and depth of overused in biliation of TSF ae also influenced by the desired revegetation outcomes and future activites permitted onthe closed faci In some cases large dopths of soll and rock may be requires to ensure adequate resources for re growth, while, whore the ara is expected to retum to pasture, ks raqred, Cauiion should be exercleed inrevagetatng wih reas, howaver, a the cover or tring may be compramised by rons or when Wea fall or ae removed, ‘The potential for erosion of enclosures is alo of concer, andthe risk increases considerably where the area is used for intensive agreuture(cutivation) and wsh he embankment. Even wits les intensive agrcuture, suchas grazing, potontal for erosion exists along Frequently used stock routes and during drought. In Victoria, the vegetatve cover ofa TSF is kel to be bumed by wildfire st somstine, potently exposing the sol surface to erosion, Revegetation Performance ctera shouldbe developed for revegetation of @ decommissioned TSF. Actual performance shouldbe assessed for an agreed period against expecte Plans implemented in the event hat cboctves ae not being met 18.4 Post-closure monitoring and management ‘Unies fu sealed pre-closure trials have boon caved ou ts unikely thatthe success ofthe method of lose and cover design fr aarge TSF or one storing cont be demonstateinlss than fe yeas flowing cessation af operations ‘ter consideration in determining the length of the post closure and management programs isthe me frame for ervtonmental montorng programs to detect any Paricularly inpestan wih respect to TSFS containing material wih apoterial to impact on groundwater. In such cases the migration of a contamanatea plume may tak Ireachos a groundwater motoring bre. Broadly, ard within the land use objectives set for closure, montring ofa decommissioned TSF should continue uni formal closure andresumpton of management t Pst-losure mentoring shel include: + rovogetaion performance: + food mitigation and drainage conto, + soopage: + erosion conto + contol o pest pans an animals (including the establishment of wiking trees in forested o plantation areas) and + groundwator quay, “The mentoring shou be able to demonstrate that (CPR and MCA 2002}: + structures are gootecncally stable, and covers arena eredng at unacceptable ates; + there ls atow rk ofan uncontates release of tllngs or contaminants + the contaminants or atngs wi na result n recognisable debimertal ofc onthe surlace water and groundwater, sol and a surrounding te closed facy ar + require plant growty has been successful and that, ove a period of several growing seasons, a sel sustaining commanty has developed. Post-closure monitoring “Tho operator should design a moniterng program to demonstrate that completion citeria have boon met and thatthe ste is safe and stable, 19. LONG TERM RESPONSIBILITY ‘TSF must be designed forthe long tem. Utimatay, however, even the best designed facies wil raqure maintenance or care. Facites on private land would norms requramants ofthe landowner agreement, ts assumed ha landowners wilake nto account tha lng fm maintenance costs when considerng such agreements {acilies are constructed on Crown land and wil therefore beth responsibly of the communty the ong term, Recent amendments to the MRD Act make compensation payable tothe Crown fr sses associated with the use clad, In adton, Section 26 ofthe MRD Act allo impose conditans on afeance for an environmental vy. Its dopartmenal poy that tho TSF operator should provi forthe lang trm maintsnance and upkeep costs associated with such facilis, Where a TSF is locatoc department wil Sook to onsure that bs fs adressod by ore or mors of tho flowing macranisms: + stable provision na Crown land compensation agreement + establshment ofan appropriate envrcrmenial vy and hnpseartresources. vie govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsiminerasigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practolmanagementottalings-... 19/30 verano Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources + conclusion of a sullable closure agreement betwoan the operator and the Government Long term responsibility Proponents and operators ofa TSF should make provision fer thelong term costs associated with the up-keep and maininance ofthe TSF. 20. FURTHER INFORMATION For tutor neaton on mars dcussed nis ud or dciss a proposer a TSF, opens shelly conlact EAR alone of fies ated Appendices [APPENDIX : SUMMARY OF DEPARTMENTAL REGUIREMENTS FOR MANAGEMENT OF A TAILINGS STORAGE FACILITY. (brane ore exter ndsty Doespnt Regutson 696 guy) an hose stout ee gules rd Aopen re Sanaretace ons srptehaave i Aearenet espe Rat arenes TSF oy wth ‘Surana gon fal, sich os Saw onvrrnet con pally SEP) wna enechves © —_EmergenyRessese Pan {creryany Response Pan ERP) scale be prepared paces TF buhay Se nce at pat he ERP tae ‘prs angkegtina prarsnetardeny acral enon ste cpemton cote. 8 ete Indes and eridn estes nih erage igs shoul be eporat nmeit usaton, ne suas souls eae destin ota Rabo an hull conser racy conan caret) Seren 50 singotaTsr ‘Tre otopnente TF shouliesy ainsi aeons plea arate ss a unter ste sees ceorparatie ‘Se Seog arse oF sh re bered shave'ne rales pelosi ‘tay sands nena ora wr oss gates Ware a popanetcan Ganon at hay meat sta) gota ease hnpseartresources. vie govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsiminerasigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practcelmanagementttalings-... 14/30, rere 4+ Danger wat management '6 Operator Management of Talings Storage Facilities - Earth Resources ‘The desgn ange TF a oro srg contamina lrg shoul pays uate war balan ofa gars an bss. Lage TSF oo ‘ting corinne soul con wie nate ean eget seed Aopen VL Emery sileays totes el euler alone srg cataract areata ron dn aon a hpontonspopenein ange Tse he des shui ele gacatar waar ies, Poco allen neon 7 sol Be nee seta ‘Tne proponantor a TSF sal pode dette ad op raraparan spose shoul eureka we ‘oul obs coeten toms stab quoted an xpoennd pron ale sstelon te TSF constusod eds ihe {eclc ar ppoved Dain Plan ard sbmite Ae Contre Regus nathe ConsracionCrcatan fe deaetman Wht ‘Facey ray ha cenghat ape TSF cng conucon. be teneae sat eerie fhe meaeon spent) ean pat ‘semert'o the moditznon rom person wheres he gral eng ta ngnfonr charges popes rca eva eng e ‘puter aaron ent bly alo ar exer ann puso on compet obancfucaon fon asa uae or {Doreredwnon Male mcatan ancora nes eprops ancien tee gel ‘nit gage arate pesanalsansoo. ‘o Oprtons Manual orueson by petal eons, sous a lace fom he tec sanmiionrg of Ik The mau sha acumen spraonapoeare frases xs TS" pesoarlmeughave a ald garages epee rdanvonransacareaporpie ata ‘herlaown mses ana procs trrapantgeomeso county hpseartresources. vie govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsiminerasigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practoemanagementttalings-.. 18/30 rere Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources roves Proponents solicit an appopie TSFsymonsping programme oP suing an Al Actos eured By eet ‘te Opam ovtrge ree sna onset rapecon novo! cnn eye atnun ates ean ye states at sient ba Wan he Arnal stant be ngeraton oy sy gueas an exparasns pron. pero ong ais Farminng Tos he eporon the Anus uot anal bs siamo he depart aesonpengay he Telnge Sage racy Osa Sash, (Bopunaet, cof cont, ne cele tallangtom ard accor wh commun ane atcownetexpocatns. regressive cbse ar ehasillason oi 1 covrdcoge Ie poponrt shoul aeastae athe pe nase toover popoedo cers ta TS nse fear on conan, APPENDIX II: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESS FOR OBTAINING A WORK AUTHORITY This appondix ses cu the sequetial actions required by proponent and ERR leading to grant of Werk Authorty or approval fa Werk Plan Variation NB: Where 2 TSF is part a ager mining proposal, he Werk Plan requirements describe in these guidlines may be crested as pat of th Werk Pan forthe ov where apropesed TSF is etsde he provisions of the current wor lan the oparatr must submit an approarae Work Plan variation, which may requfe planning ap Inconeluson mh capa neo until nan depatran managing ha Enranmantaletecs Stor EES) ace Sierras tne projet reqos ans or panng pert. Whe an FES e rere crauain me separrest andthe eparenentnangig Ne Conse wih ne caput te cl mip conmunyand ata tabla ropa seen Vivk Pan a Won Pe rio, epee Respnse toy (aul cal mugs fara Plavng Peon bathe ened da Wk Pan Nef an ‘ang eee apeexatngPumingPerntor CES spol my paritne Tor proceed wiht appeal, Propane snl ae + Mbeya demneson inte ottoman yh tera totes an ara tose Planing Pm Aaaes EAR hat ne anning Pris pov andor anyconson hnpseartresources vie govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsimineralsigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practoemanagementottalings-.. 16120 rere Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources Fornew plone appara ERR or Wak tory ont ne Wom Aumont ta new pic APPENDIX Ill: DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED FOR THE OPERATION OF A TAILINGS STORAGE FAC Documentation anc Work Plan requremenis refered to troughout hs guideline are summarised inthe table below, More deal information on Werk Plan requreme fotbwing parts A (large TSFs) and B (smal TSF6). All miving and extractive ndusty operations must be detailed in an approved Werk Plan The Werk Plan must include at ast the infomation set out in Schedule 130 Resources Development Regulations 2002 (fot miting) or Schedule 3 ofthe Extactve industry Development Regulations 129 (fr suarres), ‘Work Plans for TSF alco must comply wit hese requrements. However, where the TSF is proposed as an ation to an existing ste, much ofthe requrd informa the Work Pan fr that te and neod not be reiterated in the TSF submission, DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS FOR A TAILINGS STORAGE FACILITY Document Deserton ToF categories 1 Chir anne or aren, Inctantand Accent Reporte aostal cen nccn andomergences afectg hain era ofpertnral in tes and ATS ‘ . ‘Soy andar and we content ioe gains, = Metsnanty andtetaie eat Toe, = Inet tena TSE the rporing atoms proven Aopen Tangs Sivage cy Oa Shot ‘A. INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED IN A WORK PLAN FOR A LARGE TSF OR A TSF STORING CONTAMINATED TAILINGS “The folowing schedule Iss detaed information required by the department in relation to proposal for constuction, operation and closure of lage TSF (s00 Sze of Acronyns forthe erela rat determine a large TSF) and those string contaminated talgs. These ae adetonalto the base requirements get out nthe Mnoral Res Fegulations 2002 othe Extractive Inusty Development Regulation 1996. ‘here possible, nfermation should be displayed ona suitably scaled and refecenced maps and plans Introduction + objectives hnpseartresources. vie govaulearthresources-regulaionlicensing-and-approvalsiminerasigudelines-and.codes-o¢-practelmanagementttalings-.. 17130 verano Management of Talings Storage Facies - Earth Resources ‘general desertion of matod of raw material processing and tangs storage ‘overviw of te proposal, including commencement ard expected closure dates, andthe relatonship wth any exisig i elavanl cr proposed operation and bbcation map wih AMG coordinals. Environmental Features ofthe Site Cultural Features ofthe se Geology olen for Seismic activity: bad bearing abit of TSF foundation pormeabily of foundation'substat; regional topography including te nature and extent of catchment to the TSF (the size of catchment shoul be the smallest practicable) ‘te lopograpty (contour plan), ncluding surface drainage proximity of surface watr resources and thor uso; ‘ooding potent pth and natre ofthe groundwater and ts uses; ‘sources of materia for construction of tho embankment ners and closure ithe borow pls ae locaod ouside tho area subject to the mining ieance, an ext: ured under the Exractve Industry Development Act 1995); location, extent and conservation status of potently affected natura values ator ner the se(extant native vegetation, rare or endangered for or fauna wea were removal of nave vegetations proposed an assessment in accordance wih the Native Vegetation Management Framework, 2003. location of eter intastucture (oultup areas, dwelings and ater buldngs, storage sites, mine sites, access roads and ramps) onthe ste and on adjoining lan location ana nature of cultural features (aboriginal historic, recreabonal er landscape) and nature of adjacent agricultural actives, and local planing features. Tllings Deposition Methodology and Waste Minimisation analyse of appronriate alleratve waste management programs based onthe sriniges of wast minmisaton and justification of he selected method of waste practabily cost and current industy best practice (section 9of guidelines): ‘source of toting inching process thrughput rato (dry tennesiyea) {alings production ratos (dry tonesiyea). rates of se of tho tains surface within to TSF, expected changos wih imo and the poor for unlanned change elas of the gootechnical (density anc consolation behaviour) and chemical properties ofthe laiings, reagents, process and elun waters an ressua proce ‘xpoced changes with ime ow doposten and drying lobe managed: expected changes with me athe potential or unphrned changes and

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