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2015
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DEMOCRITUS UNIVERSITY OF THRACE

SCHOOL OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES
PRIMARY EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
SECTOR PEDAGOGICS AND PSYCHOLOGY

Geometric patterns and Art at primary school

FINAL YEAR PROJECT REPORT

Katsakiori Charikleia (4717)

Tsolka Eleni (4857)

Supervisors: Giagkounidis Panagiotis, Pavlidou Marianna

Examination Committee: Giagkounidis Panagiotis, Aggelos Markos,

Pavlidou Marianna

A report submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements

for the degree of Bachelor of Education

ALEXANDROUPOLIS 2015
3


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ABSTRACT
Nature is the source of inspiration and the field of research for all the aspects
of human activities. The same occurs not only for Science but Art too. This mutual
starting point defines the mutual elements that inhere to both of them, even if they
seem so different. Because, when someone refers to Geometry and Art, especially in
education, usually they dont combine harmonically these two sectors, although the
new Analytical Programs are interdisciplinary. In this study we suppose that these two
sectors are closely inherent and we try to find out the previous correlation. Geometric
patterns are already used from the first signs of human life and activities that appear
in illustrations as well in general constructions (construction of tools and homes, wall
paintings in caves). Geometry constitutes the base for every design whether it is
clearly artistic (Painting, Sculpture, Engraving, Architecture, Design), or it is clearly
structural and functional.
Initially, in the first part of the study an investigation takes place about
geometric patterns in nature and Art. We continue with the delimitation of the notion
of the basic geometric schemas (circle, square, and triangle) as well, a short recursion
in the past that looks into the sectors in which Art reclaims Geometry. Some
remarkable artistic movements constitute a significant point in our study, referring
also to their important representatives.
In the second part a harmonic affinity between Geometry and Art is attempted at
primary school. The connection of Geometry as a special branch of Mathematics and
the subjects of Aesthetic Education (Artistic, Theatrical and Musical Education), by
the teachers provokes numerous difficulties in understanding and the way of teaching
to students. Nevertheless, the new school books are interdisciplinary structured and
facilitate this coexistence. Researches prove that the combination of both induce
beneficial results in studying and the development of the intelligence of students. In
the current search we study the correspondences in school and teaching books of
Mathematics and Visual Arts and we suggest some interdisciplinary activities that
could conduce to this cause.

KEY-WORDS: Geometry, Art, Primary school, coexistence, artistic designs, artistic

movements, representatives, students, interdisciplinary activities


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5.3. ..61
5.4. ...61

6. M.C. ESCHER
..63
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6.3. Victor Vasarely..66
7. GESTALT..67
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 4.3.10.1.: Umberto Boccioni:

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(Art Nouveau).

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http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/, 2015).

5.2. (Design)
design ()
. , ,
, , . designer
()
. 19
.
. .

. :
1. 1951
.
,
.
2. (Macintosh),
,
(, , , , , 2008: 150).

60

5.3.
,
.
.

. .
, ,
F (F.F.F.),
(form follows function).
,
(, , , , , 2008:
153).

5.3.1.:


.

5.4.
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, ,
: ,
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, , .
- (1986: 81),
,
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- .
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(- 1986: 81).
61

 :
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(, 2000: 17).

5.4.1.:
1923 ( : ).
(1993: 8),
(1919-33),
, .
,
, , .
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(- , 1986:
8).

5.4.2.: .
(
).
.

62

 , (Lazar Markovich Lissitzky, 22

1890 - 30 1941), , ,
, .

,
.
(wiki: http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/, 2015).

6.M.C.ESCHER: O

(Maurits Escher, 1898-1972),
.
.
,

, Martin Gardner. Escher

.
, , ,

,
, , ,
( & , 2002: 605-606).

6.1.
Maurits Cornelis Escher 17 1898,
Leeuwarden 1972 .



. ,
,
. 1922. ,
,
. Escher
.
1922
, .
63

 ()
.
(http://herakleidonart.gr/el/index.cfm?get=exhibits&ItemID=71).
1936
Escher. ,

1936.
,
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(M.C.Escher: , 2015).

6.1.1.:

.

1937
,
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.
( , ,
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.
(M.C.Escher:
, 2015).
64

6.2. M.C. Escher

O M.C. Escher, ,
.
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: , ,
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(http://users.sch.gr/alouvris/forms/ http://dimserif-art.blogspot.gr/).

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.
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.
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(wiki: http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/, 2015).

65

6.3. Victor Vasarely

Vasarely Vasarely,
, , ,

(Escher, Vasarely).
Vasarely (: Vsrhelyi Gyz, ) (9
1906 - 15 1997)
.
,
( )
.
O Vasarely ,
1960 1970.

.
,
. ,
(wiki:
http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/,
2015).

6.3.1.:


.

66

 6.3.2.: ,
1957.

7. GESTALT
Clive Bell, o 1913
,

, ,
.
Kurt Koffka,
,
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(Chapman, 1993:50).
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. ,

.
(Ching, 1996: 38).


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67

 Gestalt
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, 20 30 Paul Klee,
Vasily Kandinsky Gestalt
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M.C.Escher.
,
Gestalt
(, 2012: 91).

69

 7.1.1.: Escher Sky and Water (1938),

Gestalt,

-.

70


1.

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72

 ,

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( & , 1995).
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3. VAN HIELE
Van Hiele, , Pierre van Hiele
Dina van Hiele - Geldof, 1959
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(Van de Walle, 2005: 427).
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75

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86

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91

, ,
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Eisner (2002)

, The Arts and
the Creation of Mind, .
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curriculum (2002) (, 2014: 19).
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92

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118

(http://thalesandfriends.org/el/2013/09/26/m-c-escher-v-vasarely-taxni-kaimathimatika-sto-mouseio-irakleidon/).

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