1 ID3 .

2 , : (S)

10

11

12

13

14

" ",
.

={,,}
{,,}
{,}
{,}

H s= p I log2 p I

H s=

9
9
5
5
log 2 log 2 =0,940
14
14 14
14

Dobivka S , A= H s

S v

H S v

H S Soncevo =

2
2 3
3
log 2 log 2 =0,97
5
5 5
5

H S Oblacno =

4
4 0
0
log 2 log 2 =0
4
4 4
4

H S Dozdlivo =

3
3 2
2
log 2 log 2 =0,97
5
5 5
5

Dobivka S , Opis=H S

5
4
5
H S Soncevo H S Oblacno H S Dozdlivo
14
14
14

Dobivka S , Opis=0,246

H S Zesko =

2
2 2
2
log 2 log 2 =1
4
4 4
4

H S Umereno =
H S Studeno =

4
4 2
2
log 2 log 2 =0,92
6
6 6
6

3
3 1
1
log2 log 2 =0,81
4
4 4
4

Dobivka S , Temperatura= H S

4
6
4
H S Zesko H S Umereno H S Studeno
14
14
14

Dobivka S , Temperatura=0,029

H S Golema =

3
3 4
4
log2 log 2 =0,99
7
7 7
7

H S Normalna =

6
6 1
1
log2 log 2 =0,59
7
7 7
7

Dobivka S , Vlaznost =H S

7
7
H S Golema H S Normalna
14
14

Dobivka S , Vlaznost =0,151

H S Slab =
H S Jak =

6
6 2
2
log2 log2 =0,811
8
8 8
8

3
3 3
3
log 2 log 2 =1
6
6 6
6

Dobivka S , Veter= H S

8
6
H S Slab H S Jak
14
14

Dobivka S , Veter=0,048
.

S Soncevo , S Oblacno , S Dozdlivo

H S Soncevo =

2
2 3
3
log2 log 2 =0,97
5
5 5
5

H S C , Zesko =0log 2 0 2log 2 2 =0

2
2 2
2
H S C ,Umereno =1log 2 1 1log2 1 =1
2
2 2
2

H S C , Studeno =1log 2 1 0log2 0 =0

1
1 1
1
Dobivka Soncevo , Temperatura = H S Soncevo 2 H S C , Zesko 2H S C , Umereno
15
5
2

2
5

H S C , Studeno = H S Soncevo =0,57

H S Oblacno =4 log 2 4 0log 2 0 =0 - "".

4
4 4
4
H S C ,Golema = 0 log 2 0 3log2 3 =0
3
3 3
3
H S C , Normalna =2log 2 2 0 log 2 0 =0
2
2 2
2
Dobivka S Soncevo ,Vlaznost = H S Soncevo 3H S C , Golema 2 H S C , Normalna =
5
5
=

H S Soncevo =0,97

Dobivka S Soncevo , Vlaznost Dobivka S Soncevo ,Temperatura

H S Dozdlivo = 3log 2 3 2log 2 2 = 0,97
5
5 5
5
H S Dozdlivo , Zesko =

H S Dozd , Golema = 1log2 1 1log 2 1 =1

2
2 2
2

H S Dozd , Normalna =

2
2 1
1
log 2 log 2 =0,92
3
3 3
3

Dobivka S Dozd , Vlaznost = H S Dozdlivo 2H S Dozd ,Golema 5

-

3H S
Dozd , Normalna =0,018
5

H S Dozd , Slab=

3
3 0
0
log 2 log 2 =0
3
3 3
3

H S Dozd , Jak = 0log 2 0 2log2 2 = 0

2
2 2
2

Dobivka S Dozdlivo ,Veter Dobivka S Dozdlivo ,Vlaznost

:

:
IF

AND

THEN

IF

AND

THEN

IF

THEN

IF

AND

THEN

IF

AND

THEN




1.
y1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - yk
h0 .

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - yn

h1 - - - - - - - - - - - hj

- - - - - - - - - hm

x0 - - - - - - - - x-1 - - - - - - - - - - - -x-i - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

xl

2.
. [-1,1]
X0 h0 ( BIAS,
1.
3. =[X1,....,Xi,....,Xl]
. X1,....,Xi,....,Xl

4. . -

h j=

1
1e W

X i

1ij

. -

y k=

1
W 2jkh j

1e

5. yk, Uk
.
:

2 = y k1 y k u k y k

1= h j 1 h 2kW 2jk
6. :
W 2jk = 2kh jc
W 1ij= ijx ic
c , [0,35;0,5]
7. 3 .
5 (2 ,
2 , 1 ) XOR.
XOR:

x1 x2 XOR(y1)
0 0

0 1

1 0

1 1

1.

y1
W2jk
h0

h1

h2
W1ij
x2

x1

x0

2. ( h1): W10,1=0,341232

W11,1=0,129952

W12,1=0,923123

( h2): W10,2=0,115223

W11,2=0,570345

W12,2=0,328932

W20,1=0,993423

W21,1= 0,164732

W22,1 =0,752621

( y1):

3. [0,0]
x0=1,

x1=0,

4. ( h1):

W 1ijx i =0,3412321 0,1299520 0,9231230 =0,341232

W 1ijx i =0,1152310,5703450 0,3289320 =0,115223

( h2):

h 1=

x2=0

1
0,341232

1 e

h 2=

1
1 e

0,115223

h0

=0,584490

=0,471226

h0=1

( y1):

W 2jkh j =0,9934231 0,1647320,584490 0,7526210,471226=0,542484

y1=

1
1 e

5. U1=0

0,542484

= 0,367610

( [x1,x2]=[0,0]

21= y 1 1 y 1 u 1 y 1=0,367610 1 0,367610 0,0,367610 =0,085459

11= h11 h1 21W22,1= 0,584490 1 0,584490 0,164732=0,0034190

 12= h 2 1 h 2 21W22,1= 0,471226 1 0,471226 0,0854590,752621=0,0160263

6. c=0,5
W20,1= 21h 0c =0,08545910,5=0,042730
W21,1= 21h 1c =0,0854590,5844900,5 =0,024975
W22,1 = 21h2c =0,0854590,4712260,5 =0,0201135

W10,1= 11x 0c =0,003491010,5 =0,017095

W11,1= 11x 1c =0
W12,2= 11x 2c =0

W10,2= 12x 0c =0,016026310,5 =0,0080132

W11,2= 12x 1c =0
W12,2= 12x 2c =0

. 3.
[0,1] .
:

W10,1=6,062263

W11,1=6,072185

W10,1= 2,454509

W10,2=4,893081

W11,2=4,894889

W12,2= 7,293063

W20,1=9,792470

W21,1=9,484580

W22,1 =4,473972

:
x1 x2

y1

0,017622

0,981504

0,981491

0,022782

1.

2. ("fitness")
3. ( )
4.

( ):a+2b+3c+4d=30,
a,b,c,d . ,
(a,b,c,d).
"brute force" ( a,b,c,d
1=<a,b,c,d=<30?

,
. 5 ,
1=<a,b,c,d=<30
Chromosome

(a,b,c,d)

(1,28,15,3)

(14,9,2,4)

(13,5,7,3)

(23,8,16,9)

5
(9,13,5,2)
1:
,
a+2b+3c+4d.
30,
.

Chromosome

Fitness value

114-30=84

54-30=24

56-30=26

163-30=133

5
58-30=28
2. , (

S f =

1
1 1 1
1
1
=
= 0,135266
f i 84 24 26 133 28

(30),
.
, .
,
.

(0,135266), .

Chromosome

(1/84)/0,135266=8,80%

(1/24)/0,135266=30,8%

(1/26)/0,135266=28,4%

(1/133)/0,135266=5,56%

5
(1/28)/0,135266=26,4%
3.
5 ( 1 ,
5 ), 10000
, 880 , 1 , 3080
, 2 , 2840 , 3
, 556 , 4 , 2640
, 5 . :

Chromosome

Chromosome

5
3
4.
,
. .

 , "cross-over".

a 1 , b1 , c 1 , d 1 ,

a 2 , b 2 , c 2 , d 2 , 6 cross-over.

Chromosome

Chromosome

Chromosome

a 1, b 1 , c 1 , d 1

a 2, b 2 , c 2 , d 2

a 1 , b 2 , c 2 , d 2 or a 2 , b 1 , c 1 , d 1

a 1 , b1c 1 , d 1

a 2 , b 2c 2 , d 2

a 1 , b1 , c 2 , d 2 or a 2 , b 2 , c 1 , d 1

a 1 , b1 , c 1d 1

a 2 , b 2 , c 2d 2

a 1 , b1 , c 1 , d 2 or a 2 , b 2 , c 2 , d 1

5. cross-over

,cross-over .
,
. .

Chromosome

Chromosome

Chromosome

135,7,3

128,15 ,3

13,28,15 ,3

9,135,2

14,92,4

9,13,2 ,4

13,5,73

9,13 ,52

13,5,7 ,2

149,2 ,4

913,5,2

14,13,5 ,2

13,57,3

9,135,2

so mutacija dobivame
(13, 6, 7, 2)

mutacija dobivame
13,5,5 ,2so
(13, 5, 4, 2)

6. cross-over
.

Chromosome

Fitness value

(13,28,15,3)

126-30=96

(9,13,2,4)

57-30=27

(13,6,7,2)

54-30=24

(14,13,5,2)

63-30=33

(13,5,4,2)
43-30=13
7.
38,6,
59. ,
() poprilagodena kon re{enieto.