Telecommunications Distribution Design Guide: Telecommunications Infrastructure Standards - Revision 3

Telecommunications Distribution Design Guide
Telecommunications Infrastructure Standards Revision 3
Central Washington University
June 1, 2005
Prepared by:
Approved by:
Released by:
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
PREFACE ...........................................................................................................4
1.1
LOW VOLTAGE SYSTEMS ................................................................................... 4
1.1.1
1.1.2
1.1.3
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
2
6
DOCUMENT STRUCTURE .................................................................................... 9
EXTENTS-OF-CONSTRUCTION.............................................................................10
CWU PERSONNEL ..........................................................................................11
TELECOMMUNICATIONS DISTRIBUTION DESIGNERS ....................................................11
CONTRACTORS AND CABLING INSTALLERS ..............................................................11
CWU TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICIES..........................................................12

2.1
CWU PERSONNEL ..........................................................................................13
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
2.2.5
2.2.6
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.3.5
2.3.6
2.3.7
2.4
2.4.1
2.5
2.5.1
2.6
2.7
2.7.1
2.7.2
2.8
2.8.1
2.8.2
2.8.3
2.8.4
2.8.5
2.8.6
2.8.7
2.9
3
SHARED OSP PATHWAY

SHARED OSP MEDIA
SHARED ISP PATHWAY AND MEDIA
DOCUMENT INTENT .........................................................................................
TEAM STRUCTURE
CWU PERSONNEL INSTALLATIONS
INITIATING NEW PROJECTS GENERAL .................................................................14
NEW CONSTRUCTION
RENOVATION TO EXISTING STRUCTURES
UPGRADING TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE TO SUPPORT NEW TECHNOLOGY
UPGRADING TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE TO MEET NEW STANDARDS
INFRASTRUCTURE TO SUPPORT OTHER AGENCIES AT CWU FACILITIES
DAMAGE TO EXISTING TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE
INITIATING NEW PROJECTS - SPECIFIC .................................................................15
UNDERGROUND PATHWAY USE
OUTSIDE PLANT FIBER OPTIC CABLING
OUTSIDE PLANT COPPER CABLING VOICE/DATA
OUTSIDE PLANT CABLING OTHER LOW VOLTAGE SYSTEMS
COMPUTER CENTER
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM WORK
HORIZONTAL CABLING
PROCUREMENT AND INSTALLATION POLICY..............................................................17
PROCUREMENT POLICY FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENT
LARGE TELECOMMUNICATIONS PROJECTS ...............................................................20
DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
SMALL TELECOMMUNICATIONS PROJECTS ...............................................................20
REVIEWING TELECOMMUNICATIONS DESIGNS ..........................................................21
ALTERNATIVE DESIGN REQUESTS (ADR)

DESIGN REVIEW PROCESS
TELECOMMUNICATIONS OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE ...............................................21
CWU TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE RESPONSIBILITIES
SERVICE PROVIDER RESPONSIBILITIES
AMP NETCONNECT DESIGN & INSTALLATION CERTIFICATION
CORNING CABLE SYSTEMS EXTENDED WARRANTY PROGRAM
MOVES, ADDS, AND CHANGES
ELECTRICAL POWER IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOMS
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ADMINISTRATION
COMM TEAM MEETINGS ...................................................................................25
PROJECT PROCEDURES ...................................................................................26

3.1
DESIGNER QUALIFICATIONS ..............................................................................26
3.2
DESIGN REVIEW PROCESS ................................................................................27
3.2.1
RCDD REVIEW CONSULTANT
3.3
ARCHITECT/ENGINEER TEAMS ............................................................................33
3.4
GENERAL PROCEDURES ....................................................................................34
3.3.1
3.4.1
3.4.2
CROSS DISCIPLINE COORDINATION

PROCUREMENT AND INSTALLATION
CAD FILES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.4.3
3.5
3.5.1
3.5.2
3.5.3
3.5.4
3.5.5
3.5.6
ALTERNATIVE DESIGN REQUEST (ADR)
PROCEDURES RELATED TO PROJECT PHASES............................................................37

SCHEMATIC DESIGN AND FIELDWORK
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS
BIDDING
CONSTRUCTION OBSERVATION
POST-CONSTRUCTION
DESIGN CRITERIA ...........................................................................................42

4.1
CODES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ................................................................43
4.2
PRINCIPLES OF TRANSMISSION ...........................................................................43
4.3
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY ......................................................................43
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.3.3
4.4
4.4.1
4.5
4.5.1
4.5.2
4.6
4.6.1
4.6.2
4.6.3
4.6.4
4.7
4.7.1
4.7.2
4.7.3
4.7.4
4.7.5
4.7.6
4.7.7
4.8
4.8.1
4.8.2
4.8.3
4.8.4
4.8.5
4.8.6
4.8.7
4.8.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.14.1
TELECOMMUNICATIONS & EQUIPMENT ROOMS

INSIDE PLANT PROXIMITY TO SOURCES OF EMI
OUTSIDE PLANT PROXIMITY TO SOURCES OF EMI
WORK AREAS ...............................................................................................44
DEVICE BOX CONSIDERATIONS
HORIZONTAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS ..................................................................47
HORIZONTAL PATHWAY SYSTEMS
HORIZONTAL CABLING SYSTEMS
BACKBONE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS .....................................................................55
INTRA-BUILDING BACKBONE PATHWAYS
INTRA-BUILDING BACKBONE CABLING
INTER-BUILDING (CAMPUS) BACKBONE PATHWAYS
CAMPUS CABLING
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOMS AND ENCLOSURES .....................................................72
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM LOCATION
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM SIZING
ARCHITECTURAL PROVISIONING
ENVIRONMENTAL PROVISIONING
FLOOR-STANDING EQUIPMENT RACKS AND CABINETS
POWER REQUIREMENTS
GROUNDING, BONDING, AND ELECTRICAL PROTECTION
EQUIPMENT ROOMS ........................................................................................80
EQUIPMENT ROOM LOCATION
EQUIPMENT ROOM SIZING
FLOOR-STANDING EQUIPMENT RACKS
TELECOMMUNICATIONS CABINETS
POWER REQUIREMENTS
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENTRANCE FACILITIES & TERMINATION ......................................86
GROUNDING BONDING AND ELECTRICAL PROTECTION .................................................86

FIRESTOPPING ..............................................................................................87
FIELD TESTING .............................................................................................87
SPECIAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS .....................................................................88
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ADMINISTRATION ...............................................................88
IDENTIFICATION STRATEGY
4.15
4.16
4.17
4.18
4.19
4.20
DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT ................................................91

POWER DISTRIBUTION.....................................................................................91
RESIDENTIAL CABLING ....................................................................................92
NETWORKING FUNDAMENTALS ............................................................................92
BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEMS .......................................................................93
PRIVATE CATV DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS................................................................93
4.21
4.22
WIRELESS AND MICROWAVE SYSTEMS ..................................................................94
4.20.1
4.20.2
ADMINISTRATIVE/ACADEMIC CABLE TELEVISION SERVICES

STUDENT CABLE TELEVISION SERVICES
OVERHEAD PAGING SYSTEMS .............................................................................94
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENT CONTENT ............................................................95

5.1
PLANS AND DIAGRAMS ....................................................................................95
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.1.3
5.1.4
5.1.5
5.1.6
5.1.7
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2
5.2.3
5.2.4
5.3
6
GENERAL
OUTSIDE PLANT TELECOMMUNICATIONS SITE PLAN DRAWINGS
INSIDE PLANT TELECOMMUNICATIONS PLAN DRAWINGS
DEMOLITION
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM PLAN DETAILS
ELEVATION DIAGRAMS
INTRA-BUILDING BACKBONE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS
PROJECT MANUAL ..........................................................................................98
SPECIFICATIONS
MAINTENANCE HOLE/HANDHOLE BUTTERFLY DIAGRAMS
CUTOVER PLAN
FIBER LINK-LOSS BUDGET ANALYSIS
RECORD DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTATION ........................................................... 100
APPENDIX .....................................................................................................101
6.1
SAMPLE REVIEW COMMENT REPORT ................................................................... 101
6.2
SAMPLE BUTTERFLY DIAGRAM .......................................................................... 102
6.3
SAMPLE BACKBONE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM ............................................................ 104
6.4
SAMPLE TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM PLAN DETAIL ................................................ 105
6.5
SAMPLE RACK ELEVATION DETAIL...................................................................... 106
6.6
SAMPLE WALL ELEVATION DETAIL ..................................................................... 107
6.7
SAMPLE FIBER OPTIC LINK-LOSS BUDGET ANALYSIS ................................................ 108
6.8
GLOSSARY ................................................................................................ 110
INDEX .................................................................................................................119
PREFACE
LOW VOLTAGE SYSTEMS
PREFACE
A.
The Telecommunications Distribution Design Guide (TDDG) is written to

communicate the requirements of Central Washington University (CWU) for
the design and installation of telecommunications distribution systems at
CWU facilities.
The TDDG is written for an audience of Architects, Engineers and
Designers who are responsible for the design of new or remodeled
facilities for CWU where telecommunications infrastructure currently exists
or will be installed.
It is also intended for other low voltage telecommunications Contractors
installing telecommunications infrastructure at CWU facilities.
This document also applies to infrastructure designed and installed by
CWU staff, when a formal design is not developed.
B.
Telecommunications distribution systems designed for CWU are expected to

support and integrate voice, data, and video telecommunications with
common media (fiber optic and unshielded twisted pair (UTP) copper cable).
C.
This document was originally adapted (in 1997) from information contained in
the telecommunications standards in use at that time for CWUs Academic
facilities. Under the current revision (2005), it has been again updated to
reflect current methods, materials and Standards. The TDDG reflects CWU
and Industry Standards in effect as of this publication, including CWUs
Strategic Plan of the Information Technology Services Department (April
2004).
D.
It is the responsibility of the telecommunications distribution Designer to

coordinate with the other Designers on a project (architectural, electrical,
mechanical, etc.) to determine that other systems are both compatible with
and complementary to the telecommunications cabling system. It is critical
to coordinate between disciplines during the design phase of a project, rather
than making adjustments in the field during construction.
1.1 LOW VOLTAGE SYSTEMS

Wherever practical, telecommunications pathway and cabling systems designed for
CWU facilities are expected to support and integrate Building Automation Systems
(low voltage systems) that convey information within and between buildings.
Telecommunications infrastructure shall be designed in accordance with the
requirements in ANSI/TIA/EIA 862 Building Automation Systems Cabling Standard
for Commercial Buildings, and the requirements in this document, to support the
Ethernet telecommunications channels on low-voltage devices. Throughout this
document, references to low voltage systems shall include those referenced in
ANSI/TIA/EIA 862, and shall be subject to specific requirements in that standard and
as discussed below:
PREFACE
LOW VOLTAGE SYSTEMS
1.1.1 SHARED OSP PATHWAY

The common outside plant (OSP) telecommunications pathway infrastructure is
intended for shared use by the following low-voltage systems, in addition to voice
and data systems:
Building Automation Systems

Closed Circuit Television Systems (Analog)
Video Systems (Digital)
Energy Management Systems
Environmental Control Systems
Fire Alarm Systems

Security Systems
o Access Control Systems

o Alarm Systems
PLC Control Systems
1.1.2 SHARED OSP MEDIA

The common OSP telecommunications media (cabling) shall be 62.5/125 micron
multimode fiber optic cable, singlemode fiber optic cable and 24 AWG unshielded
twisted pair (UTP) copper cable (Category 3-rated). The common OSP
telecommunications media is intended for shared use by the following low-voltage
systems, in addition to voice and data systems:

Fire Alarm Systems

Security Systems

o Alarm Systems
PLC Control Systems
1.1.3 SHARED ISP PATHWAY AND MEDIA

The common inside plant telecommunications media shall be 62.5/125 micron
multimode fiber optic cable and 24 AWG UTP copper cable (Category 6-rated). The
common inside plant (ISP) telecommunications pathway is intended for shared use
and the common ISP telecommunications media is intended for separate use by the
following low-voltage systems, in addition to voice and data systems:

Fire Alarm Systems

Security Systems

o Alarm Systems
PLC Control Systems
Inside plant telecommunications infrastructure intended to support Ethernet

telecommunications (or other similar protocols for security and fire alarm systems)
shall be designed in accordance with the inside plant telecommunications
infrastructure requirements in this document. However, due to the critical nature of
these systems, inside plant pathway and cabling serving these systems shall
typically homerun to a Mechanical Room or other Low Voltage Electronics Room
rather than to a common shared telecommunications rooms.
Where low-voltage systems require different media (other than fiber optic cabling
and 24 AWG UTP) the systems shall be designed to comply with the pathway and
space requirements of this document wherever practical.
5
PREFACE
DOCUMENT INTENT
1.2 DOCUMENT INTENT

A.
CWU has standardized on the ANSI/TIA/EIA1 Commercial Building

Telecommunications Standards series and has adopted the BICSI2
Telecommunications Distribution Methods Manual (TDMM), the BICSI
Customer-Owned Outside Plant Design Manual (CO-OSP) and the BICSI
Telecommunications Cabling Installation Manual (TCIM) as the basis for
telecommunications distribution design in CWU facilities. The CWU TDDG is
the guide to the application of the ANSI/TIA/EIA Standards, the BICSI TDMM,
the BICSI CO-OSP and the BICSI TCIM to the unique circumstances present
in CWU facilities and projects. See Figure 1 below for further information.
B.
The TDDG is intended to be used in conjunction with the TDMM and CO-OSP
in order to reinforce selected TDMM content as well as highlight any
restrictions and/or limitations on TDMM and CO-OSP content in order to meet
the specific requirements of CWU facilities. The TDDG is not intended to
replace or detract from the TDMM or CO-OSP.
C.
The TDDG is not intended to serve as a master specification nor for standalone use on design build projects. This document should serve as a guide for
making standards-compliant design decisions that, in due course, will be
reflected in a project specification based upon CWUs Telecommunications
Construction Guide Specification (TCGS).
Designers shall adapt the TCGS as written for creating specifications for
a particular project according to the instructions in the TDDG. In other
words, Designers shall use the electronic specification section documents
(provided by CWU in MSWord format) and then shall make any projectspecific edits to the specifications in those documents. Any changes to
the specifications shall be done using the Revision Tracking features in
MSWord.
Rewriting the TCGS or modifying the format structure or requirements will

not be accepted.
D.
In addition to the telecommunications specifications for a project, plan

drawings and schematic diagrams shall also be produced by the Designer, in
conformance to the guidelines contained in the TDDG.
E.
The following diagram depicts the relationships between the ANSI/TIA/EIA

Standards, the BICSI Design Guidelines, the CWU documents (TDDG, TCGS)
and the project-specific Construction Documents. Telecommunications
distribution infrastructure at CWU facilities shall be designed based on the
BICSI design guidelines (the TDMM, the CO-OSP and the TCIM) and compliant
Effective December 29, 2000, The Washington State Department of Information Systems has mandated
that all Washington State Agencies adopt the ANSI/TIA/EIA Commercial Building Telecommunications
Standards as the basis for telecommunications distribution design in State facilities (see Computing and
Telecommunications Architecture Standards Building Wiring, http://www.wa.gov/dis/portfolio/ ).
2
The BICSI TDMM is widely considered to be the industry reference text for the design of standardscompliant telecommunications distribution systems (see http://www.bicsi.org/manuals.htm ). BICSI, 8610
Hidden River Pkwy, Tampa, FL 33637-1000 USA; 1-800-242-7405; http://www.bicsi.org
1
PREFACE
DOCUMENT INTENT
with the ANSI/TIA/EIA Standards as applied by and illustrated in the CWU

TDDG.
CWU Telecommunications Design Process

Contract Documents for a Project
Drawings
Specifications
CWU
Telecommunications
Construction Guide
Specification (TCGS)
CSI
BICSI TCIM
Design Process
CWU
Telecommunications Distribution Design Guide (TDDG)
(CWU Policies, Project Procedures, Design Criteria, Contract Document Content)
BICSI Design Guidelines

Telecommunications
Distribution Methods Manual
(TDMM)
Customer-Owned
Outside Plant Design Manual
(CO-OSP)
CWU
Practice &
Experience
Industry Standards
ANSI/TIA/EIA
568-B, 569-A, 606, 607, 758 and others
ISO/IEC 11801
Industry
Practice &
Experience
FIGURE 1
F.
The TDDG provides guidelines for telecommunications distribution system

design for use within a building and between buildings on a contiguous site
for all telecommunications, low voltage and signal systems as related to:
Telecommunications Spaces Entrance facilities, equipment rooms and
telecommunications rooms
Intra-building Backbone Distribution Pathway and raceway
requirements, telecommunications media requirements
Horizontal Distribution Pathway and raceway requirements,
telecommunications and low voltage media requirements, requirements
for special work areas
PREFACE
DOCUMENT INTENT
Outside Plant Backbone Distribution maintenance holes, handholes,

ductbanks, ducts (conduits), telecommunications and low voltage media
requirements
G.
This document provides directions for making standards-compliant design

decisions that will, in due course be reflected in Construction Documents.
The Construction Documents for a project will be comprised of drawings and a
system specification that properly incorporates telecommunications
infrastructure within a project. The TDDG shall be used in conjunction with
the TCGS. Drawings shall conform to the guidelines contained in this
document for content and completeness, and the specifications shall be based
upon the TCGS.
H.
The TDDG uses many terms and abbreviations that are common in the
telecommunications industry. While a glossary is included in the Appendix at
the end of this document, please refer also to of the Glossary in the BICSI
TDMM and also the Glossary section at the end of the BICSI CO-OSP for
further information.
I.
Adherence to and compliance with the codes, standards and industry

practices listed below, along with the CWU requirements contained in this
document, is mandatory.
Washington State Rules and Regulations for Installing Electrical Wires and
Equipment (RCW 19.28, WAC 296-46 and WAC 296-401A)
Washington State Department of Labor and Industries Safety Standards
for General Safety and Health (WAC 296-24 Volume 1 Part L)
National Electrical Safety Code, American National Standard C2
National Electrical Code, NFPA 70
ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B series Commercial Building Telecommunications
Standards
ANSI/TIA/EIA 569-B series Commercial Building Telecommunications
Standards Pathways and Spaces
ANSI/TIA/EIA 606-A series Administration Standard for Commercial
Telecommunications Infrastructure
ANSI/TIA/EIA 607-A series Commercial Building Grounding (Earthing)
and Bonding Requirements for Telecommunications
ANSI/TIA/EIA 758 series Customer-Owned Outside Plant
Telecommunications Cabling Standard
Fiber Optic Test Standards, TIA/EIA 455 (Series)
Optical Fiber Systems Test Procedures, TIA/EIA 526 (Series)
Local Area Network Ethernet Standard, IEEE 802.3 (Series)
J.
All references to the following manuals within the TDDG and TCGS shall
specifically address only the editions specified below. Newer editions shall be
used for reference until authorized by CWU in writing or through a revised
edition of the TDDG:
BICSI Telecommunications Distribution Methods Manual (10TH Edition)
BICSI Customer-Owned Outside Plant Design Manual (2nd Edition)
BICSI Telecommunications Cabling Installation Manual (3rd Edition)
PREFACE
DOCUMENT STRUCTURE
K.
Requests to deviate from the CWU requirements may be submitted on a caseby-case basis, in accordance with the instructions in the Project Procedures
section of this document. No deviation from the requirements of the National
Electrical Code will be allowed. For further information regarding codes and
standards, please refer to Chapter 1 in the BICSI TDMM as well as the BICSI
CO-OSP Bibliography.
L.
The requirements contained in the TDDG are considered to be in addition to

those listed in Instructions for Architects and Engineers Doing Business with
Division of Engineering and Architectural Services and the State of
Washington Conditions of the Agreement. Where the requirements differ, the
issue shall be brought to the attention of the CWU Project Manager otherwise the more stringent requirement shall apply.
1.3 DOCUMENT STRUCTURE

The TDDG is organized in six sections:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Preface
CWU Policies
Project Procedures
Design Criteria
Construction Document Content
Appendices
A.
The Preface (this section) describes this document, its intent and its
relationship to industry standards, practices and the various audiences
affected by the document. It also describes how to use this document.
B.
The CWU Policies section describes internal CWU telecommunications

policies, requirements, standard practices and processes for designing,
installing and operating telecommunications infrastructure.
C.
The Project Procedures section describes the required qualifications for

telecommunications Designers as well as the procedures that Designers must
follow when working on telecommunications infrastructure projects at CWU
facilities. It includes activities that are required throughout the project as
well as phase-specific requirements.
D.
The Design Criteria section serves two purposes. The first is to describe the
general requirements for CWU telecommunications infrastructure along with
the typical features required for different categories of building spaces and
construction types. The second purpose is to place limitations on the
materials and methods described in the BICSI TDMM and CO-OSP. While the
TDMM and CO-OSP describe many materials and methods that are generally
accepted in the industry for providing telecommunications infrastructure,
CWU facilities have some unique characteristics that impose limitations on
some of the materials and methods that otherwise might be acceptable.
Some of the practices discussed in the TDMM and CO-OSP are expressly
prohibited in CWU facilities. Other practices are permitted in certain areas
9
PREFACE
EXTENTS-OF-CONSTRUCTION
(residential halls, for example) but prohibited in other areas such as academic
buildings.
Generally speaking, if the BICSI TDMM and CO-OSP do not describe a
particular material or method for use with telecommunications
distribution infrastructure, it will not be allowed for CWU facilities. In
addition, the CWU TDDG places further restrictions on the use of
some materials and methods that the BICSI design guidelines
support.
E.
The Construction Document Content section defines the minimum level of

detail that CWU requires to be present in the telecommunications portion of
the Construction Documents for a project. In this section, the required types
of details along with the content in the details are both described. This
section also briefly describes how to use the TCGS for producing the
specification for a particular project. More detailed instructions for producing
a project specification based on the TCGS are included with the TCGS.
F.
The Appendices section provides standard forms and diagrams along with
example forms and diagrams that are required for CWU telecommunications
infrastructure designs.
1.4 EXTENTS-OF-CONSTRUCTION
For the purposes of this document, construction projects are categorized by the
extent of the construction work, as follows:
Extent of Construction
Definition
Telecommunications-only
Projects involving minor remodeling to create

telecommunications spaces and the installation of
telecommunications infrastructure
Light Remodel
An existing building undergoing minor or cosmetic

remodeling, typically not including significant spatial
changes
Full Remodel
An existing building undergoing extensive remodeling,

frequently including reallocation of internal spaces
New Construction
A new building or new utility infrastructure
Unless otherwise stated, the guidelines defined in the TDDG apply to all four extents
of construction.
The Designer shall assume that adherence to BICSI guidelines, referenced industry
standards, the TDDG and the TCGS are required (unless specifically indicated
otherwise) for all facility types and for all extents-of-construction. Where exceptions
are permitted, this document will specifically note the facility type and/or extent-ofconstruction type where CWUs requirements may differ from generally applicable
practices and standards.
Adherence to applicable code is always required.
10
PREFACE
CWU PERSONNEL
1.5 CWU PERSONNEL

A.
The CWU Telecommunications Policy section of this document applies

specifically to CWU personnel. In addition to the CWU Telecommunications
Policy section, CWU personnel should be aware of the instructions,
requirements and guidelines for Designers contained in the other sections of
this document. Also, the TCGS contains additional requirements related to
telecommunications distribution system materials and installation methods
applicable at CWU facilities.
B.
CWU personnel should be familiar with these requirements with respect to

their application on both large-scale telecommunications distribution projects
and small-scale moves/adds/changes projects. These requirements also
apply to in-house operations and maintenance of existing telecommunications
distribution systems.
1.6 TELECOMMUNICATIONS DISTRIBUTION DESIGNERS

Telecommunications distribution designers shall be responsible to apply the
guidelines, instructions and requirements in this document along with the hiddentext guidelines contained in the TCGS, in the course of designing
telecommunications distribution infrastructure at CWU facilities.
1.7 CONTRACTORS AND CABLING INSTALLERS

Contractors and cabling installers involved in projects without a formal engineering
and design process shall be fluent with and adhere to the requirements of this
document and also the requirements for telecommunications distribution system
materials and installation methods contained in the TCGS.
11
CWU TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICIES

CONTRACTORS AND CABLING INSTALLERS

The TDDG has been prepared pursuant to Goal #2 / Objective #7 of CWUs Strategic
Plan of the Information Technology Services (ITS) Department (April 2004),
regarding the documentation of ITS procedures and standards for reference by CWU
personnel.
This section describes internal CWU telecommunications policies, requirements,
standard practices and processes associated with designing, installing, and
maintaining and operating telecommunications infrastructure. It is directed toward
an audience of CWU staff, including Information Technology Services (ITS)
personnel, Facilities Planning & Construction Services (FP&CS) personnel, building
maintenance personnel, and any others that may be involved in the design,
installation, or maintenance and operation of telecommunications infrastructure at a
CWU facility.
CWU also operates, occupies, shares or constructs facilities jointly with other
academic institutions, such as Washington State University, and Yakima Valley
Community College. CWU ITS staff, in conjunction with the CWU Assistant to
Provost for University Centers and Community College Relations shall specifically
identify when, and to what extent, the TDDG applies to personnel involved in a joint
project with another institution.
A.
CWU personnel designing telecommunications infrastructure for CWU facilities

shall follow the requirements in this document and in the TCGS.
B.
Input from CWU ITS must be incorporated in developing the initial and ongoing construction schedules. This input is especially important when an
early or phased turn-up of buildings is required, but is also vital for the initial
start-up of a new facility. Timing on the construction of the main
telecommunications room and building, and the backbone cable plant
connecting it to key buildings, is a vital consideration for bringing key
buildings online at required dates.
C.
Management of CWUs Enterprise Network is the responsibility of the ITS

staff. This includes network design, operations, performance monitoring,
optimization, troubleshooting, and disaster recovery. The ITS staff is also
responsible for the planning and development of operational and design
standards for local area networks (LANs) at all CWU facilities, including the
telecommunications infrastructure.
D.
CWUs ITS staff is responsible for installation and support of LAN hardware,
software, data telecommunications and voice systems for both
administrative/academic and residential telephones, and certain enterprise
network hardware and software.
E.
Acquisition of IT services, hardware, software, and related products is the

responsibility of CWUs ITS staff. IT acquisition rules, licensing agreements,
and contracts fall under the authority of the Washington State Department of
Information Services (DIS), with very detailed authority delegated to CWU.
CWUs ITS staff who acquire IT goods and services are accountable for
ensuring that the procurements meet CWU technology standards and that the
12

CWU PERSONNEL
acquisition process is conducted in compliance with CWU policy, delegated

authority, and statutory requirements.
2.1 CWU PERSONNEL

2.1.1 TEAM STRUCTURE
CWU requires the following personnel to work closely (as a team) with the architects,
engineers and designers throughout the entire project life cycle, starting at the
preliminary design phase:
o CWU ITS Telecom Manager
o CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist
o CWU FP&CS Project Manager
o Local Site Representative (for branch campus projects)
o A designated CWU staff member serving as a project RCDD (if one is assigned
to the project)
2.1.1.1 CWU ITS Telecom Manager
The CWU ITS Telecom Managers responsibilities are to:
o Coordinate ITS infrastructure-related communication on capital projects.
o Ensure that relevant CWU management and specialized technical staff are
informed and involved on all telecommunications-related aspects of a project
(design, construction, support, and maintenance).
o Ensure that installed telecommunications infrastructure meets CWU
standards.
o Ensure that the requirements of the TDDG and TCGS are enforced.
2.1.1.2 CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist
The CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist is responsible:
o For all telecommunications infrastructure issues relating to CWU facilities.
o To review and coordinate all telecommunication infrastructure activities.
o To review and critique all telecommunication infrastructure designs.
o To review and provide written comments on Alternative Design Requests.
o To ensure that the requirements of the TDDG and TCGS are enforced.
2.1.2 CWU PERSONNEL INSTALLATIONS

A.
CWU personnel who install telecommunications infrastructure at CWU facilities

must be familiar with the requirements of this document. They must also be
familiar with and have a current copy of both ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B & 569-A.
B.
Telecommunications pathway work (both inside plant and outside plant),

when performed by CWU personnel, will require the prior approval of the
CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist. Prior to constructing telecommunications
pathway, an RCDD shall be contracted to prepare drawings and specifications
for the project. The RCDD shall also be contracted to periodically observe the
work while in progress, and upon completion, providing written observation
reports following each visit. The RCDD shall also be contracted to produce
as-built drawings bearing the RCDDs logo stamp and signature.
13

INITIATING NEW PROJECTS GENERAL
C.
Use of an RCDD is required for all telecommunications infrastructure work

performed by CWU personnel. In the case of horizontal distribution pathway
(inside plant conduit), the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist may agree to
waive this requirement for the design documentation, engineered
specifications, and construction observation on a case-by-case basis, or may
serve as the RCDD if they hold the designation. The waiver request must be
submitted in writing to the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist. This waiver
cannot be granted for outside plant telecommunications pathway or
telecommunications maintenance hole/handhole work.
2.2 INITIATING NEW PROJECTS GENERAL

The following information is provided as guidance to any CWU department desiring
telecommunications or low voltage additions to facilities, or who will be involved in
projects requiring such infrastructure.
2.2.1 NEW CONSTRUCTION

New construction projects shall include telecommunications infrastructure designed
and installed in accordance with the requirements of this document.
2.2.2 RENOVATION TO EXISTING STRUCTURES

CWU facilities undergoing full remodel or light remodel projects shall incorporate
telecommunications infrastructure in the project, designed and installed in
accordance with the requirements of this document. The CWU ITS Infrastructure
Specialist shall be included in the initial development of the project scope to
determine the extent of any required telecommunications infrastructure upgrades.
2.2.3 UPGRADING TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE TO SUPPORT NEW

TECHNOLOGY
CWU will occasionally install new information technology systems at a facility where
the existing telecommunications infrastructure is inadequate for the new application.
It is the responsibility of the organization sponsoring the installation of the new
technology to ensure that the telecommunications infrastructure is capable of
supporting the new technology. If the existing infrastructure is not capable of
supporting the new technology, that organization is responsible to ensure that the
infrastructure is upgraded. Any upgrades made to the telecommunications
infrastructure shall meet the requirements of this document.
2.2.4 UPGRADING TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE TO MEET NEW

STANDARDS
There is not necessarily a requirement to upgrade existing telecommunications
infrastructure at any CWU facility simply to meet industry standards or the
requirements of this document. However, the CWU ITS Senior Director may require
infrastructure upgrades to correct a code violation, or to meet system performance
requirements.
14

INITIATING NEW PROJECTS - SPECIFIC
2.2.5 INFRASTRUCTURE TO SUPPORT OTHER AGENCIES AT CWU FACILITIES

Residence hall telephone and video service are provided on CWU property under
contract with private companies. As the owner of the property, it is normally
incumbent on CWU to provide the telecommunications infrastructure to support
other agencies at CWU facilities. The terms and conditions for reimbursement of any
expenses incurred by CWU for providing telecommunications support to other
agencies will be negotiated and documented in the contract.
2.2.6 DAMAGE TO EXISTING TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE

A.
Construction, maintenance and other activities may result in damage to

existing telecommunications infrastructure, including cabling.
B.
In the event of damage to telecommunications infrastructure, regardless of

the cause or party responsible, CWU staff shall immediately contact the CWU
ITS Telecom department, who will determine the repair or replacement
strategy for the damaged infrastructure.
C.
The CWU ITS Telecom department shall:

1. Work with CWU staff to identify any potential methods of emergency,
interim repairs.
2. Identify the steps necessary to assess whether the damaged
infrastructure can be repaired or whether it must be replaced.
D.
The party responsible for the damage to the telecommunications

infrastructure shall be responsible for the total cost of all emergency, interim
repairs and all replacement costs.
All damaged infrastructure shall be restored to within the scope of the original
design/installation parameters. This shall include, but not be limited to all repair or
replacement work performed by certified Value Added Resellers (VAR) of CWUs
choosing, all testing and recertification of the infrastructure for full compliance to
CWUs Telecommunications Standards and applicable SCS warranty.
2.3

All telecommunications infrastructure and substructure activity, regardless of the size
or scope of the project or quantity of cable involved, must either have prior written
approval from or include prior notification to the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist in
order to proceed with the design and/or installation. This includes the following
types of projects:
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
New construction
Renovation of existing structures
Upgrading telecommunications infrastructure to support new technology
Upgrading telecommunications infrastructure to meet new standards
Infrastructure to support other agencies or tenants at CWU facilities
All moves, adds and changes (MACs) at CWU facilities, including MAC work
performed by CWU personnel
Low voltage cabling to support proprietary systems that will use the
telecommunications infrastructure (pathways and spaces) as identified in
ANSI/TIA/EIA 862
15

It is recommended that the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist be consulted prior to

any planned infrastructure moves, adds, or changes, in order to determine if existing
infrastructure may be adequate, or if efforts can be coordinated with other planned
or proposed work. The following specific requirements apply:
2.3.1 UNDERGROUND PATHWAY USE

Any CWU department that is planning the installation of cabling in the
telecommunications underground pathway system shall coordinate with FP&CS to
identify available pathways and make an initial selection of individual conduits to be
used for the installation. Once conduit selection is complete, the CWU ITS
Infrastructure Specialist must be notified for review purposes. This coordination is
intended to assure efficient use of the available pathway prior to installation and
proper documentation of any new cabling.
2.3.2 OUTSIDE PLANT FIBER OPTIC CABLING

Any CWU department that is planning the installation of outside plant fiber optic
cabling in the telecommunications underground pathway system shall seek prior
written approval from the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist. The request must
include the following information:
o Purpose of Fiber (System being served)
o Type of fiber (SM or MM)
o Number of strands
o Type of Connectors
o Termination Location (Telecommunications Room or other location)
o Installation Contractor (Required)
The CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist shall be provided with both paper and
electronic copies of the fiber test results from the installation Contractor.
2.3.3 OUTSIDE PLANT COPPER CABLING VOICE/DATA

Any CWU department that is planning the installation of outside plant copper cabling
to support voice and/or data in the telecommunications underground pathway
system shall coordinate the installation with the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist.
This coordination is intended to assure efficient use of the available pathway prior to
installation and proper documentation of any new cabling.
2.3.4 OUTSIDE PLANT CABLING OTHER LOW VOLTAGE SYSTEMS

Any CWU department that is planning the installation of outside plant cabling to
support other low voltage (or proprietary) systems in the telecommunications
underground pathway system shall notify the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist prior
to the installation. This coordination is intended to assure efficient use of the
available pathway prior to installation and proper documentation of any new cabling.
2.3.5 COMPUTER CENTER

Any additional cable or equipment proposed for installation in the Computer Center
must be approved in writing by the CWU ITS Telecom and Networks department.
Please refer to the CWU Computer Center Access Policy dated March 1, 2004 for
16

PROCUREMENT AND INSTALLATION POLICY
requirements to access this space.
2.3.6 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM WORK

Any CWU department that is planning the installation of cabling or equipment in any
Telecommunications Room on campus must coordinate the installation with the CWU
ITS Infrastructure Specialist prior to commencing with work, regardless of the type
of cabling or equipment to be installed. This coordination is intended to assure
efficient use of existing space, and to ensure that resources/spaces planned for
future projects are not inadvertently lost due to other uncoordinated equipment.
2.3.7 HORIZONTAL CABLING

Any CWU department requiring changes to or additional horizontal infrastructure
shall contact the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist. No horizontal infrastructure
shall be installed in any CWU facility without the ITS Infrastructure Specialists
approval. This includes the installation of any other low voltage infrastructure using
the telecommunications pathway/media.
2.4 PROCUREMENT AND INSTALLATION POLICY

A.
The primary responsibility for the management and use of information

systems, telecommunications, and information technology equipment,
software, and services rests with each state agency head. Equipment is
defined as machines, devices, and transmission facilities used in information
processing, such as computers, telephones, and cables. This section
highlights certain procurement policies applicable to the telecommunications
infrastructure. Readers should consult the Department of Information
Services Policy and CWU Policy for the Acquisition and Disposal of Information
Technology Equipment for complete details.
B.
There are two general methods used for the procurement and installation of
the telecommunications infrastructure. In larger construction projects, the
telecommunications infrastructure installation might either be part of the
general construction contract or it could be a separate contract.
C.
Use of the DIS Master Contract is recommended whenever possible. A

competitive acquisition should be pursued with the Contractors listed on the
DIS Master Contract web site3. The procurement of telecommunications
infrastructure in large construction projects is a combined effort between the
CWU FP&CS Project Manager and the CWU ITS department.
The following policies and procedures apply to the planning and management of
telecommunications infrastructure installation as a separate (non-public works)
project:
2.4.1 PROCUREMENT POLICY FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENT

The Department of Information Services (DIS) manages the Washington State policy
for the acquisition of information technology equipment. DIS grants CWU a
delegated level of acquisition authority based on an IT portfolio style strategic plan
3
As of this publication, the web site address is: http://techmall.dis.wa.gov/master_contracts/cabling.asp
17

submitted to and approved by DIS and the Washington State Office of Financial
Management (OFM) on an ongoing basis. All IT projects with total acquisition and
five year operational costs of $200,000 or more require a written IT Acquisition Plan
that must have prior approval by CWU ITS Senior Director. Large IT projects with
total acquisition and five-year operational costs exceeding $1,000,000 require prior
approval by DIS.
2.4.1.1 CWU Information Technology Services Approval
In order to achieve consistent and competent technical design in compliance with
this document and to ensure compliance with DIS procurement requirements, CWU
acquisitions and installations of telecommunications infrastructure or substructure
must have the prior approval of CWU ITS department. Requests for approval shall
be submitted to the ITS Department and will be forwarded to the appropriate
internal division for action. Requests for approval must include a description of the
acquisition and installation and identify the following:
o Source of funding
o RCDD for design services (if appropriate)
o RCDD for construction observation services (optional)
o Structured Cabling System (SCS) cable installer
2.4.1.2 Criteria and Methods for Acquisition
A.
CWU may acquire information technology (IT) resources in one of the

following methods:
o Conducting a new competitive solicitation
o Using an existing CWU contract or DIS Master Contract
o Through strategic partnerships
o Transferring resources from one agency to another
o In limited cases, through a sole source method
B.
Typically, the most efficient, cost effective, and preferred method for
procuring telecommunications infrastructure installation services is through
the use of the pre-existing DIS Master Contracts for Cabling Equipment,
Installation and Maintenance.
C.
For additional methods of acquisition, refer to the Department of Information

Services Policy for the Acquisition and Disposal of Information Technology
Equipment.
2.4.1.3 Cabling Infrastructure Materials

Standardization on a cabling infrastructure product line permits CWU personnel to be
familiar with the installed infrastructure components at all facilities, and helps them
to be prepared to handle moves, adds, and changes to the infrastructure in an
efficient manner. Standardization also ensures that there will be performance
compatibility with the installed base when additions are made to the infrastructure,
and that spare parts and components from one facility can be used at other facilities
as needed. Finally, product standardization allows CWU to benefit from and manage
consistent warranty coverage throughout campus.
18

2.4.1.3.1 Copper Cabling

CWU has standardized on the use of AMP Netconnect Structured Cabling System
(SCS) products and currently uses Category 6 rated products for all new cabling
installations.
The majority of CWU facilities have an installed base of AMP Netconnect Structured
Cabling System (SCS) products.
A.
Where additions are made to existing facilities that currently use AMP
Netconnect SCS products (including new buildings on an existing campus)
the addition shall exclusively use AMP Netconnect products.
B.
Where additions are made to existing facilities that currently do not have an
AMP Netconnect SCS installation, products from the AMP Netconnect SCS
product line shall be used where practical with the eventual goal of
standardizing on these SCS products. Written requests for exemption from
using AMP Netconnect products in these cases must be submitted to the
CWU ITS Telecom Manager for consideration.
C.
The telecommunications infrastructure design for new facilities shall be based

upon the AMP Netconnect SCS product line.
D.
Fiber optic related materials from AMP shall not be used on CWU projects.
2.4.1.3.2 Fiber Optic Cabling

The majority of CWU facilities have an installed base of LANscape fiber optic
products from Corning Cable Systems. LANscape fiber optic products shall be used
for both outside plant and inside plant fiber optic infrastructure.
2.4.1.3.3 Other Materials
In addition to the standards listed above, CWU has selected several manufacturers of
products for telecommunications cabling systems (racks, cable tray, enclosures,
etc.). These manufacturers and their products are identified in the TCGS. The
telecommunications distribution designer shall incorporate only these manufacturers
into the design, and to design a telecommunications distribution system that can be
implemented using products from these manufacturers.
2.4.1.4 Sole Source Procurement
Standardization on the AMP Netconnect SCS product line and the Corning Cable
Systems product line does not imply that there is a sole source for procurement or
installation of these products. AMP products and Corning products can be procured
through multiple supply sources, and installation can be procured through multiple
AMP Netconnect Design and Installation (ND&I) certified cable installation contractors
and Corning Cable Systems certified contractors, using competitive solicitations and
existing contracts. Refer to Section 2.4.1.2 - Criteria and Methods for Acquisition,
above.
19

LARGE TELECOMMUNICATIONS PROJECTS
2.5 LARGE TELECOMMUNICATIONS PROJECTS

Large telecommunications infrastructure installation projects may be standalone
projects to prepare for the installation of new technology, or a separate project
concurrently run with a locally managed public works project.
2.5.1 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY

A.
An engineered telecommunications design is required for all new construction,

major full remodel or light remodeling, including technical specifications and
drawings to be used as the basis for competitive bidding for the construction
contract.
B.
CWU requires the use of Registered Telecommunications Distribution

Designers (RCDD) to design the telecommunications distribution
infrastructure for all new construction, major full remodel or light remodeling,
and major telecommunications upgrades at CWU facilities. The RCDD
designation is recognized worldwide as a design professional that has met
specific professional design experience requirements and has successfully
completed an extensive examination on the subject of telecommunications
distribution design. RCDDs are employed by architectural and engineering
firms, and also by telecommunications infrastructure installation Contractors.
C.
Telecommunications infrastructure shall be designed and installed in

accordance with applicable codes and industry standards. Due to the unique
physical characteristics of many CWU facilities, some technical design
solutions are better suited than others. This document identifies which design
solutions are appropriate for and approved for common types of buildings and
areas at CWU facilities.
D.
Telecommunications infrastructure design shall be incorporated during the

preliminary design phase of each project. This will provide CWU ITS the
opportunity to influence the design from the start and address
telecommunications requirements at appropriate points in the design process.
It is imperative that the A/E firm and their RCDD work closely with the CWU
ITS Infrastructure Specialist, the CWU ITS Telecom Manager, and the CWU
FP&CS Project Manager from the start of each project.
2.6 SMALL TELECOMMUNICATIONS PROJECTS

A.
Depending on the size and scope of a small project, the CWU ITS Telecom
Manager, working with FP&CS, will determine whether an engineering firm is
required to develop a telecommunications distribution design.
B.
For small projects or installation of additional cabling, a certified AMP

Netconnect ND&I contractor can be hired for a limited scope installation.
The AMP ND&I contractor must be currently listed as a Contractor on the DIS
Cabling Master Contracts.
The only alternative to using a certified AMP Netconnect ND&I contractor
(for copper cabling installation only) is to use AMP-trained CWU personnel
under the AMP Netconnect Corporate/Institutional program. (See section
20

REVIEWING TELECOMMUNICATIONS DESIGNS
2.8.3 for further information). There shall be no exceptions to this

requirement.
2.7 REVIEWING TELECOMMUNICATIONS DESIGNS

2.7.1 ALTERNATIVE DESIGN REQUESTS (ADR)
A.
Requests to deviate from industry standards or CWU design solutions will be

considered on a case-by-case basis. Any request to deviate from the
requirements of the National Electrical Code will not be accepted.
B.
Requests to apply alternative design solutions shall be submitted to the CWU

Telecom Manager for consideration. The ADR will follow the review process
as shown in the flow chart in Section 3.4.3 of this document. Approval will
only be granted in writing, and must be authorized by the CWU Telecom
Manager, or CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist. Approval must also be
authorized by the CWU FP&CS Project Manager if capital funding is involved.
C.
For more information, see Section 3.4.3, Alternative Design Request in this
document.
2.7.2 DESIGN REVIEW PROCESS

A.
The Design Review Process will be conducted by CWU at the following points
in the design process:
o Schematic Design
o Design Development
o Review Set (99% CD)
o Construction Documents (100% CD)
o Record Drawings
B.
The following people will participate in the Design Review Process:

o CWU Telecom Manager
o CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist
o CWU-selected RCDD Review Consultant (optional)
o Architect/Engineer (Prime Consultant)
o Designer
o CWU FP&CS Project Manager
C.
For more information, see Design Review Process in this document.
2.8 TELECOMMUNICATIONS OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE

2.8.1 CWU TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE RESPONSIBILITIES
A.
CWU is responsible for providing a cable pathway from the property line to
the Entrance Facility (EF). The cable pathway shall be underground conduit,
with telecommunications maintenance holes and handholes as necessary.
Close coordination with the different service providers is required to design
the entrance cable pathway. Some service providers are not willing to share
21

TELECOMMUNICATIONS OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
conduit or utility poles with another service provider, therefore it is important

to install one or more spare conduits in the pathway.
B.
The service providers technicians will need access to the EF and CWU is
responsible to coordinate and provide escorts as required.
C.
CWU is responsible for the installation, maintenance, and troubleshooting of

all telecommunications equipment and infrastructure from the demarcation
point throughout the facility.
2.8.2 SERVICE PROVIDER RESPONSIBILITIES

The service provider is responsible for providing and installing the entrance cable up
to the demarcation point as well as the termination hardware at the demarcation
point. In some cases, CWU contracts with the service provider to extend to the
demarcation point from the EF to another location at the facility. In such cases, the
service provider is also responsible for maintenance and troubleshooting of the
extended portion of the cabling and termination hardware. The service provider may
also be contracted (for an additional charge) to provide troubleshooting and
maintenance services for CWU-owned equipment.
2.8.3 AMP NETCONNECT DESIGN & INSTALLATION CERTIFICATION

A.
CWU copper telecommunications cabling systems are covered by a 25-year

extended warranty and application performance program. If any portion of
the warranted copper cabling system fails to perform at its original capacity,
AMP will provide both labor and materials to restore its performance.
B.
In order to obtain this warranty coverage, the contractors who perform the
installation must be certified as AMP Netconnect Design & Installation
Certification (ND&I). Contractors who are ND&I certified have met certain
requirements established by AMP, among which include the AMP-provided
training courses AMP ACT1, AMP ACT2 and AMP ACT3.
C.
In order to preserve the AMP warranty, CWU personnel who may be

modifying warranted telecommunications cabling systems must also be
certified by AMP under a similar set of requirements. This program is called
the AMP Netconnect Corporate/Institutional (C/I) Program, and has the
following requirements:
a. An application process including verification of insurance and a signed
contract.
b. A minimum of one certified staff member who has attended each of the
three AMP training courses, or a combination of staff members who have
collectively attended all three courses. The certified staff members must
participate actively in each alteration to a warranted cabling system.
i. There is no accepted substitution for AMP ACT1.
ii. AMP accepts BICSIs course TT100 in lieu of AMP ACT2.
iii. AMP accepts BICSIs RCDD certification and BICSIs course DD 102
in lieu of AMP ACT3.
D.
The AMP Netconnect manufacturer training is mandatory for CWU personnel

who install, move, or make changes to copper telecommunications cabling
because the warranty would otherwise be voided. CWU personnel who are
not certified through AMP ACT1 shall not perform moves, adds, or changes at
22

a facility that has AMP Netconnect SCS cabling installed. Cabling

installations performed by CWU personnel must be tested in accordance with
the requirements in the TCGS, and may also be inspected by an RCDD as
discussed in this document.
E.
CWU personnel who have obtained AMP ACT1 certification but fail to follow
required practices during move/add/change (MACs) activities may not be
allowed to perform future installations at CWU facilities. The CWU Telecom
Manager will notify the CWU person in writing that they are no longer allowed
to make MACs to copper telecommunications cabling at CWU facilities.
2.8.4 CORNING CABLE SYSTEMS EXTENDED WARRANTY PROGRAM

A.
CWU fiber optic telecommunications cabling systems are covered by Corning

Cable Systems (CCS) 25-year LANscape Solutions Extended Warranty
Program (EWP). If any portion of the warranted fiber optic cabling system
fails to perform at its original capacity, CCS will provide replacement
materials to restore its performance installation labor is not provided.
B.
In order to obtain this warranty coverage, the contractors who perform the
installation must be a certified EWP member. Contractors who are EWP
certified have met certain requirements established by Corning Cable
Systems, among which include taking an approved design course and an
approved installation course from CCS. EWP installers are required to update
their training at least every two years.
C.
In order to preserve the EWP warranty when CWU personnel make

modifications to existing fiber optic cabling, the following requirements must
be met:
a. The technician must have received either the TS-LAN 400 or TS-LAN 500
installation course from CCS.
b. The portion of the system that was modified shall be reviewed by the
Corning Cable Systems sales representative.
c. A warranty request form must be submitted to CCS, with the following
information: Project Name, Name of organization requesting warranty
(CWU), Contact Person (technician), Address, Phone Number, and Total
Dollar Value of Corning Cable Systems products used.
D.
The Corning Cable Systems manufacturer training is mandatory for CWU

personnel who install, move, or make changes to fiber optic
telecommunications cabling because the warranty would otherwise be voided.
CWU personnel who are not trained by CCS shall not make changes to CCS
fiber optic cabling. Cabling modifications performed by CWU personnel must
be tested in accordance with the requirements in the TCGS, and may also be
inspected by an RCDD as discussed in this document.
E.
CWU personnel who have obtained CCS certification but fail to follow required
practices during modification activities may not be allowed to perform future
fiber optic modifications at CWU facilities. The CWU Telecom Manager will
notify the CWU person in writing that they are no longer allowed to make
changes to fiber optic telecommunications cabling at CWU facilities.
23

2.8.5 MOVES, ADDS, AND CHANGES

A.
Moves, adds, and changes to the telecommunications infrastructure shall be

performed in accordance with the requirements of this document. This
includes (but is not limited to) all copper or fiber optic cables for the LAN,
telephones, workstation area outlets, patch panels, patch cords, etc. All
MACs must be coordinated with the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist.
B.
Under certain circumstances, riser fiber optic cable may be installed by

certified CWU personnel under the direct supervision of the ITS Infrastructure
Specialist.
2.8.5.1 Splitting of Cable Pairs

A.
In certain situations it may be necessary to use one or two pairs of a four (4)pair cable to support one telephone device, and to use the remaining pairs to
support a different telephone device. In these situations, the splitting of the
pairs shall be accomplished with a line-splitting device installed on the outside
of the Work Area Outlet faceplate. At the telecommunications room,
individual cross-connect wires connected to the 110 Termination Field may be
used to cross-connect the services.
B.
Under no circumstances will the splitting of data cable pairs be allowed. The
integrity of all four (4)-pair cable [all eight (8) wires] must be maintained
end-to-end for the LAN equipment.
C.
Under no circumstances will cable pairs be split or removed from the back of
a modular jack or patch panel. All four (4) pairs of each horizontal
distribution cable must be terminated to a single eight (8)-position, eight (8)conductor jack.
2.8.6 ELECTRICAL POWER IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOMS

A.
Each telecommunications room (TR) shall be equipped with orange-colored

power outlets that are dedicated for use by telecommunications equipment.
These outlets shall be used exclusively for telecommunications equipment and
shall not be used for general-purpose or utility devices such as electric drills,
vacuum cleaners, coffeepots, etc.
B.
Each TR will also be equipped with white, gray, or beige-colored power outlets
that are available for use with non-telecommunications equipment.
2.8.7 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ADMINISTRATION

A.
CWUs telecommunications administration system is based on records and

identifiers. It documents cabling, termination hardware, patching and
cross-connection facilities, conduits, other cable pathways,
telecommunications rooms, and other telecommunications spaces.
ANSI/TIA/EIA-606, the Administration Standard for the Telecommunications
Infrastructure of Commercial Buildings is the industry standard for
administering and documenting the telecommunications infrastructure. The
purpose of this industry standard is to provide a uniform administration
scheme that is independent of applications, which may change several times
throughout the life of a building. The TDDG and TCGS establish guidelines for
24

COMM TEAM MEETINGS
CWU personnel, end users, manufacturers, installers, and facilities

administrators involved in the administration of the telecommunications
infrastructure at CWU facilities.
B.
All CWU facilities shall maintain a system for documenting and administering
the telecommunications infrastructure. CWU personnel shall be responsible
for maintaining the telecommunications-related documentation and it is the
responsibility of the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist to ensure that cable
and equipment records are maintained for each facility. The administration
system shall include cable records, and equipment records for all information
technology systems. The administration system shall follow the
ANSI/TIA/EIA-606 standard.
C.
Records are a collection of information about each specific component of the

telecommunications infrastructure. Drawings, details, diagrams,
specifications, spreadsheets and databases are all examples of
telecommunications records.
D.
Records shall be maintained electronically, in their native formats including

AutoCAD, Adobe PDF and MS Visio. Paper records are encouraged, but are
optional. Record drawings (as-built drawings) are a vital component of the
telecommunications administration system, and must be kept current as
moves, adds, and changes take place. It is the responsibility of the CWU ITS
Infrastructure Specialist to ensure that telecommunications as-built drawings
are maintained for each facility.
E.
For more information about telecommunications records, see Section 5.25,

Cable Records in this document.
F.
Telecommunications records show unique identifiers for each component of

the telecommunications infrastructure. For more information about
identifiers, see Section 4.13, Telecommunications Administration in this
document and also Sections 16740 and 16741 in the TCGS.
2.9 COMM TEAM MEETINGS

CWU holds periodic meetings (approximately every six to eight weeks) to coordinate
the telecommunications and IT needs of the various departments on campus. These
Comm Team meetings are run under the direction of the Sr. Director of Facilities
Management and should be attended by the following individuals:
VP Business & Financial Affairs

Sr. Director of Facilities Management
Sr. Director of ITS
ITS Director of Networks & Operations
ITS Network Engineer
ITS Telecom Manager
ITS Telecom Project Manager
ITS Infrastructure Specialists
ITS Capital Projects Manager
Media Engineers
25
Auxiliary Services & Computing

Supervisor
IT Director of Labs and University
Centers
Director of Multimedia Technology
and Instructional Support
Facilities Management Architects,
Engineers, Project Managers and
Coordinators;
Academic Planning Officer
Environmental Systems Engineer
PROJECT PROCEDURES
DESIGNER QUALIFICATIONS
PROJECT PROCEDURES
A.
The Project Procedures section contains guidelines for architects, engineers

and telecommunications distribution designers regarding the procedures that
CWU requires for projects that include telecommunications distribution
systems. This applies both to projects that entail primarily
telecommunications distribution work (such as telecommunications
infrastructure replacement projects) as well as to architectural projects and
other work (such as a new building or campus) that involve
telecommunications design.
B.
This section is not intended to supersede the requirements in the State of

Washington Conditions of the Agreement or the Instructions for Architects
and Engineers, but rather to complement them, providing additional
requirements that apply specifically to telecommunications distribution design
projects at CWU facilities.
C.
It is intended that the requirements in this section be considered

contractually binding for design professional firms providing
telecommunications distribution design services.
3.1 DESIGNER QUALIFICATIONS

A.
For the purposes of this document, the term Designer shall mean a
Registered Telecommunications Distribution Designer (RCDD) who is currently
in good standing with BICSI. This means that the telecommunications design
shall be produced by the RCDD. CWUs telecommunications with the
telecommunications consultant shall be mainly through the RCDD. On
projects where the RCDD is not the prime consultant, the RCDD shall keep
the prime consultant (Architect/Engineer (A/E)) informed of all direct
telecommunications with CWU.
B.
In
or
o
o
o
o
C.
In addition, the RCDD shall have the following qualifications:

o The RCDD shall demonstrate a minimum of 5 years of experience in the
design of inside plant telecommunications distribution systems.
o The RCDD shall demonstrate a minimum of 5 years of experience in the
design of outside plant telecommunications distribution systems.
o Experience not directly related to the design of inside plant
telecommunications distribution systems, such as sales and/or marketing,
project management, or installation experience, is not acceptable.
addition to the RCDD certification, it is desirable that the RCDD have one
more of the following qualifications:
Professional Engineer (P.E.) in the electrical engineering field
RCDD/OSP certification from BICSI
RCDD/NTS certification from BICSI
MCSE certification from Microsoft Corporation4
Microsoft Corporation, One Microsoft Way, Redmond, WA 98052-6399, (425) 882-8080;

www.microsoft.com/mcse
26
PROJECT PROCEDURES
o
D.
The RCDD shall demonstrate that he/she has designed or has had
personal design oversight of a minimum of five projects similar in size and
construction cost to the current CWU project.
The RCDD shall be independent from and unaffiliated with any
manufacturer associated with the telecommunications distribution system
industry.
The RCDD shall be completely familiar and conversant with the standards
The RCDD shall affix his/her RCDD logo stamp (showing the registration
number and expiration date) and signature to the final Construction
Documents (drawings and specifications) pertaining to the
telecommunications distribution design.
3.2 DESIGN REVIEW PROCESS

As noted in Section 3.5 titled Procedures Related to Project Phases, the project
documents will pass through the design review process at the end of each design
phase plus follow-up reviews when necessary. These requirements are in addition to
those contained in the State of Washington Conditions of the Agreement and the
Instructions for Architects and Engineers.
The following steps correspond to the numbered activities shown on the Design
Review Process diagram below:
c Each time a review is required, the A/E shall provide copies of the complete
project documents set (drawings and specifications for all disciplines involved in the
project) for the following people:
CWU Capital FP&CS Project Manager (PM) (one set)
CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist (one set)
RCDD Review Consultant5 (two sets)
The RCDD Review Consultant will have 3, 5, or 10 days (depending on the
project phase) to review the design documents and provide written RCDD Review
Comments to the CWU FP&CS PM and the CWU ITS Telecom Manager.
A B
def The CWU FP&CS PM and the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist will have 5, 8,
or 10 days (depending on the project phase) to review the design documents and
the RCDD Review Consultants comments. The CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist will
create the CWU ITS Review Report, and incorporate the RCDD Review Comments
into the report. Following their review, they will distribute the complete set of
comments to the RCDD Review Consultant (if present on the project) and hold brief
discussions about the comments. If there is no RCDD Review Consultant assigned to
the project:
The CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist will create the CWU ITS Review Report
without RCDD Review Comments
The CWU ITS Review Report will then be sent to the CWU FP&CS PM for
review.
5
On some projects, CWU may hire an RCDD Review Consultant to act in the capacity of an independent
reviewer and consultant to CWU. The RCDD Review Consultant will be responsible to review the overall
design, paying particular attention to areas of the design that are related to the current or future operation
and maintenance of the telecommunications system, and sometimes low voltage systems other than voice
and data. The RCDD Review Consultant will identify issues that do not
appear to be compliant with the requirements in the TDDG and the requirements contained in the TCGS.
27
PROJECT PROCEDURES
gh The CWU FP&CS PM will submit the RCDD Review Report to the Designer. The
Designer will then be given five days to review the comments and respond to them
in writing. Negative responses to any comment shall include a discussion of the
reasons for non-compliance.
ij Finally, a meeting or teleconference will be held with the CWU FP&CS PM, the
CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist, the RCDD Review Consultant and the Designer to
discuss the review comments and the Designers responses. Following the meeting,
the Designer shall revise the design in accordance with the CWUs resolution for each
comment.
28
PROJECT PROCEDURES
The following diagram depicts a typical telecommunications design review process

when an RCDD Review Consultant is not involved in the review process. The number
of days listed for #3 and #6 may need to be adjusted based on the scope or depth
of the telecommunications infrastructure on a project.
Design Review Process Without an RCDD Review Consultant

Business Days: 0
Schematic
Design
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
1
1
5 Days
5 Days
Business Days: 0
Design
Development
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
8 Days
5 Days
Business Days: 0
1
Construction
Documents
2
3
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
1
1
10 Days
1
5 Days
5. CWU FP&CS PM issues the CWU ITS Review Report to the

Designer for response.
6. The Designer reviews the CWU ITS Review Report and provides
a written response for each comment to the CWU Infrastructure
Specialist, and CWU FP&CS PM.
1. Designer sends Drawings and Specifications to CWU ITS

Infrastructure Specialist, and CWU FP&CS Project Manager (PM)
2. CWU FP&CS PM reviews the drawings and the specifications.
7. FP&CS PM, CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist, and the Designer

meet to discuss the Designer's responses to the CWU ITS Review
Report and determine a course of action for each item.
3. CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist reviews the drawings and

specifications and then produces the CWU ITS Review Report.
8. The Designer shall revise the design per the direction given in
Step 7 (above). The Designer shall then submit a second written
response to the CWU ITS Review Report, indicating how each
comment was resolved.
4. CWU FP&CS PM, and the CWU Infrastructure Specialist meet to

discuss and finalize the CWU ITS Review Report.
29
PROJECT PROCEDURES
The following diagram depicts a typical telecommunications design review process,

including the RCDD Review Consultants role in the review process. The number of
days listed for #A, #3 and #6 may need to be adjusted based on the scope or depth
of the telecommunications infrastructure on a project.
Design Review Process Involving RCDD Review Consultant

Business Days: 0
1
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1
3 Days
Schematic
Design
5 Days
5 Days
Business Days: 0
1
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
5 Days
Design
Development
1
1
8 Days
5 Days
Business Days: 0
Construction
Documents
1
A
B
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1
10 Days
1
1
10 Days
5 Days
1. Designer ships Drawings and Specifications to RCDD Review

Consultant, CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist, and CWU FP&CS Project
Manager (PM )
4. CWU FP&CS PM, the RCDD Review Consultant, and the CWU ITS
Infrastructure Specialist meet to discuss and finalize the CWU ITS Review
Report.
A. RCDD Review Consultant reviews the drawings & specifications and

produces RCDD Review Comments.
5. CWU FP&CS PM issues the CWU ITS Review Report to the RCDD
Review Consultant and to the Designer for response.
B. RCDD Review Consultant ships the RCDD Review Comments to CWU

FP&CS PM, and CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist.
6. The Designer reviews the CWU ITS Review Report and provides a
written response for each comment to the RCDD Review Consultant, CWU
ITS Infrastructure Specialist and CWU FP&CS PM.
2. CWU FP&CS PM reviews the RCDD Review Comments, the drawings

and the specifications.
3. CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist reviews the RCDD Review
Comments, drawings and specifications and then produce the CWU ITS
Review Report, incorporating the RCDD Review Comments.
7. CWU FP&CS PM, CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist, the RCDD Review
Consultant and the Designer meet to discuss the Designer's responses to
the CWU ITS Review Report and determine a course of action for each
item.
8. The Designer shall revise the design per the direction given in Step 7
(above). The Designer shall then submit a second written response to the
CWU ITS Review Report, indicating how each comment was resolved.
30
PROJECT PROCEDURES
A.
The Designer shall require CWU to review the documents and respond
with written review comments to the Designer at each phase of the
design. The Designer shall not proceed with the next phase of
telecommunications design without receipt of written comments from
the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist.
B.
The Prime Consultant shall be responsible to determine that the review

process is conducted in accordance with CWUs requirements, and shall
participate in the review process to determine that the review comments are
satisfactorily addressed.
3.2.1 RCDD REVIEW CONSULTANT

For projects where CWU hires an RCDD Review Consultant, the prime consultant
(Designer or A/E) shall provide two sets of the drawings and specifications (from all
disciplines involved in the project) for the RCDD Review Consultant. The RCDD
Review Consultant will not perform any design services. The RCDD Review
Consultant could be asked to do the following:
3.2.1.1 Typical Document Review Scope
1. Review telecommunications distribution system design:
o
o
o
o
For compliance with CWU and Industry standards

To identify apparent conflicts (routing, electromagnetic interference, etc.)
with other disciplines designs
For indications of coordination with telephone service providers or other
utilities
For general document clarity
2. Review the completed needs analysis report.

3. Review the cutover plans.
The RCDD Review Consultant shall review the documents according to CWUs
requested review scope and then produce a report consistent with the format shown
in Appendix 6.1 that addresses at a minimum the following items:
31
PROJECT PROCEDURES
Pathways
Spaces
Components to be
Reviewed
Horizontal Conduit
Horizontal Innerduct
Horizontal Cable Tray
Riser Conduit
Riser Innerduct
Riser Sleeves
Outside Plant Ductbanks
Outside Plant Innerduct
Outside Plant
Maintenance Holes and
Handholes
Main Equipment Rooms
Telecommunications
Rooms
Riser Shafts
Cable Plant
Outside Plant
Horizontal
Riser
Testing & Administration
Issues to be Considered
Sizing,
Sizing
Sizing,
Sizing,
Sizing,
Sizing
Sizing,
Sizing
Sizing,
Sweep Radius
Sweep Radius
Sweep Radius
Sweep Radius
Sweep Radius
Location
Racks, Cable Protection and

Termination, Grounding &
Bonding
Racks, Cable Protection and
Termination, Grounding &
Bonding
Grounding and Bonding
Multi-pair Copper, Fiber Optic,

CATV/CCTV Coax
4-PR UTP Copper, MM Fiber
Optic, SM Fiber Optic,
CATV/CCTV Coax
4-PR UTP Copper, MM Fiber
Optic, SM Fiber Optic,
CATV/CCTV Coax
Copper, Fiber Optic, Labeling
Plan
3.2.1.2 Other Services (upon specific CWU request)

A.
On some projects, CWU may also use an RCDD Review Consultant to provide
services during the construction phase. These services may include submittal
review and big-picture construction observation services. In these
situations however, the Designer always remains responsible for submittal
review, construction observation, punchlist management, and other standard
services as indicated in the Instructions for Architects and Engineers Doing
Business with Division of Engineering and Architectural Services (published by
the Washington State Department of General Administration).
B.
In these situations, the RCDD Review Consultant shall provide written

comments to CWU and to the Designer. In turn, CWU will decide how to act
on the written comments, and then direct the A/E, Designer or Contractor
accordingly. The RCDD Review Consultant shall not, under any
circumstances, give direction to the A/E, Designer or Contractor.
32
PROJECT PROCEDURES
ARCHITECT/ENGINEER TEAMS
3.3 ARCHITECT/ENGINEER TEAMS

It is imperative that the telecommunications design be incorporated during the
preliminary architectural design phase. To accomplish this, the architects and
engineers on the design team shall work closely with the designated project RCDD,
the CWU ITS Telecom Manager, and the CWU FP&CS Project Manager beginning with
the Schematic Design phase of the project.
3.3.1 CROSS DISCIPLINE COORDINATION

Successful telecommunications projects require frequent, thorough design
coordination between the disciplines involved in the project. The Designer shall be
primarily responsible to coordinate the telecommunications requirements and design
features with the designs produced by the other Designers on the project.
At a minimum, the following aspects of the design shall be coordinated:
3.3.1.1 Outside Plant Telecommunications Infrastructure:
Ductbank routing around obstacles (trees, tunnels, buildings, existing

ductbanks, etc.)
Coordinate the locations of maintenance holes and hand holes to determine
that they are not located in areas of water concentration. Site requirements,
drainage, traffic, joint usage, utility requirements, etc.
Proximity of ductbanks to sources of EMI, including power distribution feeders
Proximity of ductbanks to steam piping
Routing of entrance conduits through buildings
Backbone cabling requirements of other disciplines (fire alarm, HVAC,
security, CATV, etc.)
3.3.1.2 Horizontal and Intra-building Backbone Telecommunications Infrastructure:
HVAC cooling requirements for telecommunications rooms (TR)

HVAC ductwork routing (avoiding TR ceiling spaces)
Plumbing routing avoiding TR spaces
Lighting requirements for TRs
Power requirements for TRs
Power requirements for work areas (receptacle locations near
telecommunications outlet locations)
Proximity of cabling to sources of EMI
Routing of telecommunications conduits through and location of
telecommunications pullboxes in congested areas (HVAC ductwork, plumbing,
electrical, etc.)
Floor treatments in TRs
More information regarding the above requirements is available in the Design Criteria
section in this document.
33
PROJECT PROCEDURES
GENERAL PROCEDURES
3.4 GENERAL PROCEDURES

3.4.1 PROCUREMENT AND INSTALLATION
A.
CWU uses several methods for the procurement and installation of the
telecommunications infrastructure:
DIS Master Contract
Competitive Bid
Existing CWU Contract
Strategic Partnerships
Inter-agency Resource Transfer
Sole Source (limited use)
B.
In larger construction projects, the telecommunications infrastructure

installation might be part of the general construction contract or it could be a
separate contract. CWU uses the Washington State DIS Master Contract6
whenever appropriate for a given project. When the DIS Master Contract is
not being used, a competitive bid shall be sought, using the Contractors listed
on the DIS Master Contract website that are approved by CWU. Generally,
the procurement and construction of telecommunications infrastructure will be
a combined effort between the CWU FP&CS Project Manager and the CWU ITS
Telecom Manager.
3.4.2 CAD FILES

The Designer shall coordinate with the A/E to determine that the electronic CAD files
used for backgrounds for the telecommunications design are consistent with the CAD
file backgrounds used by the other disciplines on the project.
3.4.3 ALTERNATIVE DESIGN REQUEST (ADR)

A.
It is not the intent of CWU to rigidly impose standards on every aspect of a

telecommunications system design. Each design is unique and special
requirements may lead to situations in which deviations from the standards
are warranted.
B.
This document identifies specific design solutions that are intended to meet
the technical requirements of CWU telecommunications and information
technology systems at most CWU facilities. Design issues that are not
consistent with the requirements in this document shall require prior approval
through the CWU Alternative Design Requests (ADR) process. Requests to
deviate from industry standards or CWU design solutions will be considered
on a case-by-case basis. Any request to deviate from applicable code
requirements or to deviate from manufacturers warranty requirements will
not be approved.
C.
If the Designer feels that deviation from a given standard is warranted, the
Designer shall submit a written deviation request to CWU. The Designer may,
upon written approval from CWU, incorporate the design deviation into the
overall design. CWU approval is required on a project-by-project basis - the
As of this writing, more information about the Washington State DIS Master Contract is available at
http://techmall.dis.wa.gov/master_contracts/MC.asp
34
PROJECT PROCEDURES
GENERAL PROCEDURES
Designer shall not assume that a deviation approval for one project means
that the deviation will necessarily be approved for a subsequent project.
The request shall include a complete description of the proposed alternative
design identifying:
1. The type of facility;
2. The conditions at the facility;
3. The approved design solution as described in this document or as
described in the standards referenced in this document;
4. The proposed alternative design;
5. A list of the guidelines and standards referenced in this document with
which the alternative design will not be in compliance, and the effect of
non-compliance, both short and long term;
6. The reason for wishing to use the alternative design;
7. The Contractor or personnel performing the construction;
Finally, the Designer shall provide written comments indicating that the
proposed alternative design will meet the applicable CWU system
performance requirements, and identifying any performance limitations,
drawbacks and benefits from using the alternative design.
D.
The Designer shall be responsible to determine that the ADR process is

properly conducted. For projects where the Designer is not the prime
consultant, the prime consultant shall also be responsible to determine that
the ADR process is properly conducted, and shall participate in the process
(review, acknowledge and address issues) to determine that CWUs
requirements are met.
35
PROJECT PROCEDURES
GENERAL PROCEDURES
Approval Process for Alternative Design Requests

Alternative Design
Request Denied
Submit Alternative
Design Request
CWU FP&CS PM with

copy to ITS Telecom Mgr
Return to
Requester
with reason
JOINT
DECISION
DENY
APPROVE
Review
with
FP&CS PM
NO
YES
CAPITAL
PROJECT?
Attach Technical Info

(if applicable)
Return to
CWU Telecom MGR
with reason
Solicit
Technical
Input/Review
CWU ITS Network

Manager
LAN
DENY
WAN
Infrastructure
DECISION
APPROVE
Attach Technical Info

(if applicable)
CWU ITS Telecom Mgr
CAPITAL
PROJECT?
YES
NO
One-time Approval for

Alternative Design Request
36
Review
Design and
Funding with
FP&CS PM
PROJECT PROCEDURES
PROCEDURES RELATED TO PROJECT PHASES
SCHEMATIC DESIGN AND FIELDWORK
3.5 PROCEDURES RELATED TO PROJECT PHASES

Telecommunications projects are typically conducted in phases. In addition to the
requirements contained in the State of Washington Conditions of the Agreement and
the Instructions for Architects and Engineers, Designers of telecommunications
distribution systems for CWU facilities have the following phase-related
responsibilities:
3.5.1 SCHEMATIC DESIGN AND FIELDWORK

A. Telecommunications projects on existing CWU campuses will require preliminary
fieldwork to document the existing cabling and infrastructure systems into
which the new cabling and infrastructure will integrate. CWU believes that
this information is vital to a successful project.
B. The Designer shall visit the project site during the Schematic Design phase to
perform the preliminary outside plant fieldwork. The Designer shall create
the following types of documentation based on information gathered while
onsite:
Take digital photographs of existing telecommunications pathways, spaces
and cabling that affect or are affected by the new project work.
Verify existing or create new butterfly diagrams of each existing
maintenance hole and handhole that is associated with the project,
identifying each cable and conduit in each maintenance hole and
handhole. A sample butterfly diagram is shown in Appendix 6.2.
Verify existing or create a new backbone schematic diagram showing the
existing outside plant cabling in the area associated with the new project
and the existing cross connection strategy. A sample backbone schematic
diagram is shown in the Appendix 6.3.
C. The Designer shall visit the project site during the Schematic Design phase to
perform preliminary field investigation of the horizontal and intra-building
backbone telecommunications infrastructure. The Designer shall create the
following types of documentation based on information gathered while onsite:
Take digital photographs of existing telecommunications rooms and work
areas that affect or are affected by the new project work.
Verify existing or create a new riser diagram showing the existing intrabuilding backbone cabling associated with the new project and the existing
cross connection strategy.
Investigate and document the routing of existing horizontal pathways and
cabling that are affected by the project.
Verify existing or create new elevation diagrams of each
telecommunications rack and each wall within each TR affected by or
affecting the new project work.
D. The Designer shall also conduct a needs analysis (involving CWU personnel) to
identify and describe the required features and functionality of the new
telecommunications infrastructure.
37
PROJECT PROCEDURES
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
E. The information gathered during the fieldwork, combined with the results of the
needs analysis shall be the starting point for Schematic Design of the
proposed new work.
F. Schematic Design documents shall show the following information:
Building and local distribution
Telecommunications Room sizes and locations
Major distribution pathways
Backboard locations
G. Upon completion of the Schematic Design documents, the standard Design
Review Process shall be conducted prior to progressing to the Design
Development phase.
3.5.2 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

A.
The Designer shall modify the design documents to address the review
comments received during the Schematic Design Phase.
B.
During the Design Development phase, the Designer shall obtain the
assistance of manufacturer product representatives to review the project
specification (adapted by the Designer from the CWU Telecommunications
Construction Guide Specification) to determine that the correct part numbers
have been included for each product in the specification.
C.
If the design will make use of existing outside plant pathway, the ducts must
be proven during the Design Development phase in order to ensure that the
selected pathway is clear and serviceable. Proving the ducts prior to
construction will not only aid the Designer in selecting the appropriate
pathway for use, it will also minimize unexpected (and costly) problems
encountered during construction. Acceptable proving methods are, in order
of preference:
Pushing/pulling a test mandrel through the duct

Blowing/pushing/pulling a ball through the duct
Pulling on a previously installed pull cord and observing free movement on
both ends
The proving method should be selected only after determining the quantity
and size of the telecommunications media to be placed in the duct and after
reviewing the condition of the duct in the field.
D.
In addition to the content shown on the Schematic Design documents, the

Design Development documents shall show the following information:
Schematic diagrams
Outlet locations and port counts for each outlet
E.
Upon completion of the Design Development documents, the standard Design

Review Process shall be conducted prior to progressing to the Construction
Document phase.
38
PROJECT PROCEDURES
CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS
3.5.3 CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS

A.
B.
The Designer shall modify the design documents to reflect the accepted
review comments received during the Design Development Phase.
In addition to the content shown on the Schematic Design and Design
Development documents, the Construction Documents shall show the
following information:
Raceway routing plans
Telecommunications room wall elevation details
Rack elevation details
Maintenance Hole/Handhole details. Ducts are to be assigned during the
course of design, not during construction. Duct assignments must be
approved by CWU prior to the release of construction documents.
Ductbank details
The Construction Documents are also expected to contain the items discussed
in the Construction Document Content section of this document.
C.
It is expected that the Designer will expend considerable effort coordinating

details between different disciplines during the design process. Noncoordinated pathway/raceway is not acceptable to CWU.
D.
Upon completion of the Construction Documents, the standard Design Review

Process shall be conducted. The Designer shall then modify the documents to
reflect the accepted review comments associated with the Construction
Documents prior to the Bidding Phase.
E.
Upon completion of the Final Construction Documents, the standard Design

Review Process shall be again conducted as described above. The Designer
shall modify the documents to address the review comments associated with
the Final Bid Documents prior to the bidding phase rather than by
addendum.
3.5.4 BIDDING
On projects where a pre-bid walkthrough is held, the Designer shall attend the
walkthrough and shall provide the bidders with a written list of materials and practice
requirements that the bidders might find peculiar and that might affect the bids if
such requirements are overlooked. Noteworthy items would typically be
requirements that are more restrictive than practices considered acceptable for other
commercial projects. The Designer shall consider the following items for inclusion on
such a list, as well as any other items applicable to the project:
The use of flex-conduit is prohibited.

The installation of conduit under-slab or in-slab is prohibited.
The requirement for no more than two 90 degree bends in any conduit run.
The fact that telecommunications standards are more stringent than electrical
installation requirements.
39
PROJECT PROCEDURES
CONSTRUCTION OBSERVATION
3.5.5 CONSTRUCTION OBSERVATION

A.
The Designer shall review the Contractors submittals that are required by the
Construction Documents. When the Contractors submittals include materials
or methods that deviate from CWU standards, the Designer shall either:
Reject the specific materials and methods that do not comply, when the
Designer believes that they constitute undesirable solutions.
Pursue the ADR process to seek separate approval for each specific
material and method that the Designer believes would constitute a better
solution.
B.
The Designer (RCDD) shall visit the construction site frequently to observe
the construction quality and status. The Designer shall confer with the CWU
FP&CS Project Manager prior to proposing services for the project to
determine an appropriate site-visit frequency for the project. On average,
one site visit per week will typically be required for building-wide projects and
one and a half site visits per week will be typically required for campus-wide
projects. The site visit frequency will likely change during the construction as
the telecommunications-related activity increases and decreases.
C.
During the site visits, the Designer shall take digital photographs of existing
and new telecommunications pathways, spaces and cabling, both intrabuilding and outside plant and that are related to the project. In particular,
the Designer shall photograph infrastructure that will later be concealed
during the course of construction.
D.
It is the responsibility of the Designer to verify that the Contractor properly

labels all outside plant cabling during construction. Inadequate or incomplete
labeling is not acceptable.
E.
Accurate record drawings are considered critical for the efficient operation of
CWU facilities. During these site visits, the Designer shall observe and report
on the Contractors progress toward staying current with the record drawings
notations.
F.
After each site visit, the Designer shall submit a written report describing the
observed construction progress. Observations shall be documented in the
report with annotated digital photographs and a written description of any
problems, a description of the requirements in the Construction Documents
and the resolution to the issues. For each item requiring corrective attention,
the report shall describe the following:
G.
A description of the issue

Applicable requirements in the Construction Documents
Applicable CWU standards, industry standards and codes
Corrective options available to CWU
Designers recommendation
The Designer shall submit the construction observation reports via email to
the CWU FP&CS PM and the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist as soon as
possible following each site visit. The reports shall also be reviewed at the
40
PROJECT PROCEDURES
POST-CONSTRUCTION
next construction meeting. A timely report submission will aid the Designer
and CWU in identifying potential problems early in the construction process.
H.
The Designer shall review the cable test reports produced by the Contractor
for each cable installed during the project. The Designer shall verify that the
following conditions are addressed in the cable test reports:
The cable test report shall be automatically produced by the test

equipment
The report shall indicate that the cable passed the test
For Fiber Optic Cabling: the cable test report shall indicate a headroom dB
value that is equal to or better than the value calculated in the link-loss
budget
For Fiber Optic Cabling: the cable test report shall indicate the correct
Nominal Velocity of Propagation (NVP) indicated on the cut sheet from the
cable manufacturer
3.5.6 POST-CONSTRUCTION
A.
The Designer shall review the Operation and Maintenance information

provided by the Contractor for the telecommunications distribution system.
The Designer shall verify that information is included for each component in
the telecommunications distribution system. Upon approval of the content in
the Operation and Maintenance information, the Designer shall submit the
information to local CWU ITS Staff with written documentation indicating that
the Designer has reviewed the information and that it appears to meet the
requirements in the Construction Documents.
B.
The Designer shall provide record drawings and record documentation to CWU
(based on documents that have been red-lined by the Contractor). Record
documents shall be provided in electronic CAD format where applicable, in
addition to requirements put forth by the Designers contract with CWU.
C.
The Designer shall verify that the cabling contractor provides the appropriate
manufacturer warranty certification documentation to CWU.
41
DESIGN CRITERIA
POST-CONSTRUCTION
DESIGN CRITERIA
A.
The CWU TDDG is not intended to be a comprehensive design guide resource

for telecommunications design at CWU facilities. The Designer shall look
primarily to the BICSI TDMM and CO-OSP for design guidance. The
Construction Documents produced for each project shall be consistent with
the installation practices described in the BICSI Telecommunications Cabling
Installation Manual (TCIM).
B.
Where ANSI/TIA/EIA standards or BICSI manuals offer multiple choices with a

preferred method identified, and where the CWU TDDG does not select one
method over another or define specific requirements precluding use of the
preferred method, the ANSI/TIA/EIA or BICSI-preferred method shall be
selected.
C.
Where ANSI/TIA/EIA Standards or BICSI manuals identify warnings regarding

potential adverse effects from certain design or installation methods, the
design or installation method used should typically be the method with the
least potential for adverse effects.
D.
Telecommunications distribution systems shall be designed for construction

using materials from the current product lines of the manufactures upon
which CWU has standardized. For copper cabling and related materials, CWU
has standardized on the AMP Netconnect Structured Cabling System (SCS)
product line. For fiber optic cabling and related materials, CWU has
standardized on the Corning Cable Systems LANscape product line.
In addition to the standards listed above, CWU has selected several
manufacturers of products for telecommunications cabling systems (cable,
connectors, termination blocks, patch panels, etc.) and telecommunications
distribution hardware (racks, cable tray, enclosures, etc.).
These manufacturers and their products are identified in the TCGS. The
Designer is required to incorporate only these manufacturers into the design
(unless otherwise directed by CWU) and to design a telecommunications
distribution system that will be suitable for the use of products from these
manufacturers. The construction documents shall require that the installation
workmanship fully comply with the current installation requirements from the
manufacturers of these products.
E.
Any request to deviate from the requirements of the National Electrical Code
or the AMP Netconnect SCS warranty will not be accepted. The Designer shall
seek approval for designs that are not consistent with CWU TDDG
requirements through the CWU Alternative Design Request (ADR) process.
Requests to deviate from industry standards or CWU design solutions will be
considered on a case-by-case basis by the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist.
Designers shall contact the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist to discuss
proposed alternatives before spending significant time researching or
42
DESIGN CRITERIA
CODES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
POST-CONSTRUCTION
preparing an ADR.
F.
Telecommunications distribution infrastructure shall fully comply with the

current CWU TDDG, the current Washington State Department of Information
Services (DIS) Computing and Telecommunications Architecture Standards
Building Wiring, the current ANSI/TIA/EIA Commercial Building
Telecommunications Standards and the National Electrical Code (NEC).
G.
The following subsections are arranged to mirror the chapter sequence of the
BICSI TDMM 10th Edition (the subsection numbers below are in the form of
4.x where x represents the chapter number in the BICSI TDMM).
Each TDDG subsection contains commentary and requirements regarding
the application of the BICSI TDMM to CWU Projects. In particular, each
section contains limitations and prohibitions on specific materials and
methods discussed in the BICSI TDMM.
Where no TDDG subsection is written (addressing comments about or
requirements for the corresponding TDMM subchapter) the Designer can
assume that the TDMM subchapter applies as written.
H.
Please refer to the Bibliography and Resources section and Glossary section of
the BICSI TDMM for definitions, abbreviations, acronyms and symbols used
for describing and documenting telecommunications infrastructure at CWU
facilities.
Other terms are defined in the Glossary located in Appendix 6.8 of this
document.
4.1 CODES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS

Please refer to the Codes, Standards and Regulations section of the BICSI TDMM for
information regarding the codes, standards and regulations required for
telecommunications infrastructure at CWU facilities.
4.2 PRINCIPLES OF TRANSMISSION

Please refer to the Principles of Transmission section of the BICSI TDMM for general
information regarding the design of telecommunications distribution infrastructure.
4.3 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY

Please refer to the Electromagnetic Compatibility section of the BICSI TDMM for
general information regarding the electromagnetic interference with and clearance
requirements for telecommunications infrastructure. The following requirements
take precedence over the BICSI TDMM guidelines for telecommunications
infrastructure at CWU facilities:
Telecommunications infrastructure shall maintain minimum separation distances
from sources of electromagnetic interference (EMI) as listed below. Where the NEC
or local codes require greater separation distances than those listed below, the
largest separation distance shall be maintained.
43
DESIGN CRITERIA
WORK AREAS
TELECOMMUNICATIONS & EQUIPMENT ROOMS
Separation distances apply equally to both copper cabling and fiber optic cabling.
Even though fiber optic cabling is impervious to EMI, once a pathway is established
for fiber it could later be used for copper cabling.
4.3.1 TELECOMMUNICATIONS & EQUIPMENT ROOMS

TRs shall not be located in or adjacent to areas containing sources of
electromagnetic interference or radio frequency interference (RFI) such as photocopy
equipment, large electric motors, power transformers, arc-welding equipment, radio
transmitting antennas, etc. This is a critical consideration, as EMI and RFI can
render data networks inoperable. No point within the TR or ER shall be closer than 3
m (10 ft) to transformers, power panels or equipment rated at greater than 480 V.
4.3.2 INSIDE PLANT PROXIMITY TO SOURCES OF EMI

Based on previously published telecommunications design guidelines, ISP
telecommunications pathways shall be designed to have the following clearances:
o 4 feet from motors or transformers
o 1 foot from conduit and cables used for electrical power distribution
o 5 inches from fluorescent lighting
4.3.3 OUTSIDE PLANT PROXIMITY TO SOURCES OF EMI

OSP telecommunications infrastructure designs shall adhere to the governing
clearance requirements of the NEC and NESC.
4.4 WORK AREAS

Please refer to the Work Areas section of the BICSI TDMM for general information
regarding the design of work area telecommunications infrastructure. The following
requirements take precedence over the BICSI TDMM guidelines for
telecommunications infrastructure at CWU facilities:
A.
Goal #6 of CWUs Strategic Plan of the Information Technology Services (ITS)

Department (April 2004) describes CWUs intent as follows:
Implement and support a reliable and capable technology
infrastructure in support of voice, video and data while allowing for
near anywhere/anytime system access via available technology and
services.
The Designer shall identify work areas pursuant to the above goal, and shall
work cooperatively with CWU ITS staff to design telecommunications
infrastructure to appropriately meet the goal.
B.
CWU considers undercarpet telecommunications cabling (UTC) solutions to be

undesirable in most cases. The Designer shall discuss any apparent
justifications for undercarpet cabling with the CWU ITS Infrastructure
Specialist prior to its inclusion in a design.
44
DESIGN CRITERIA
WORK AREAS
C.
There shall be at least one general-purpose convenience power outlet

(120VAC, 15 Ampere minimum) located within three feet of every
telecommunications outlet. The Designer shall discuss any applicationspecific needs with CWU IT staff and adjust the power outlet locations and
amperage accordingly.
In the case of new construction and full remodel projects, the power
outlet associated with each telecommunications outlet shall be a 4x4
device box (dual gang) with four power receptacles. It is the Designers
responsibility to coordinate with the electrical engineer to ensure that
power outlets are located near telecommunications devices boxes.
In the case of light remodel and telecommunications-only projects, it may

be difficult to meet this requirement. Therefore, where existing power
outlets are not located within six feet of each telecommunications outlet,
the Designer shall alert CWU IT staff and request their consideration of
the situation on a case-by-case basis.
4.4.1 DEVICE BOX CONSIDERATIONS

A.
Device boxes shall not be combo boxes (i.e. boxes used for both
telecommunications and power, CATV, etc.)
B.
Device boxes shall not be mounted in the floor (i.e. floor boxes) except
where no suitable alternative exists. If device boxes must be mounted in the
floor, each device box shall be served with its own individual conduit - floor
boxes shall not be daisy-chained together.
C.
Power outlets may be combined with CATV and telecommunications cabling in

floor boxes if the power wiring is routed to the floor boxes separately from
the other cable media and if the floor box provides for metallic barrier
segregation of the power and telecommunications cabling within the box.
D.
Providing spare ports for an outlet in a work area and providing spare outlets
in a room are encouraged within the limitations of the project budget to meet
projected future needs.
E.
CWU may wish to terminate both telecommunications cabling and CATV

coaxial cabling in a shared device box. CWU permission for this method is
required on a project-by-project basis.
F.
Device boxes for telecommunications outlets shall be mounted at the same

height as the electrical power receptacles.
4.4.1.1 For New and Full Remodel Construction

A.
A device box shall be provided for each telecommunications outlet. Device

boxes shall be 4x4x3- (where 3- is the depth of the box and extension
ring). Device boxes shall be recess-mounted.
B.
Surface mounted device boxes are not acceptable. However, for CMU walls or
45
DESIGN CRITERIA
WORK AREAS
other wall types that may obstruct cable or conduit installation, the Designer
shall request direction from the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist on a caseby-case basis.
C.
In general, two device boxes shall be provided for each work area and shall
be located (subject to design constraints) on opposing walls. Each device box
shall have two ports, unless the telecommunications outlet is intended to
serve a wall-mounted phone or other dedicated application requiring a single
port.
D.
For classrooms in academic buildings, a minimum of one device box shall be

located on each classroom wall.
E.
For Residence Halls, each dorm room shall be provided with no less than two
ports per resident, located within each residents study space. Some study
spaces may serve two students within a single space, in which case it might
be possible to install a single device box located where it would be reachable
from both workspaces within the space. For dorm rooms having a
common/living area, an additional device box with two ports shall be installed
in the common/living area. These situations shall be investigated by the
Designer and reviewed with CWU.
4.4.1.2 For Light Remodel and Telecommunications-only Projects

A.
Existing device boxes and conduits shall be reused where existing boxes are
standards-compliant or where it can be verified that the existing conduits and
boxes will permit telecommunications cabling to be installed without
negatively affecting the performance of the cabling. The bend radius of the
cabling inside each box will be considered carefully in evaluating existing
boxes. For concealed conduits that can not be verified, the CWU ITS
Infrastructure Specialist will decide whether they should be reused on a caseby-case basis.
B.
A device box shall be provided for each telecommunications outlet. Device

boxes shall be recess-mounted wherever possible and shall be 4x4 and at
least 2 deep (a 3 depth is preferable). Surface mounted device boxes
(if required) may be standard single gang (2 x 4) and at least 2 deep.
C.
In general, a minimum of or two device box shall be provided for each work
area, preferably on opposite walls. A minimum of one device box shall be
located in each classroom.
D.
For Residence Halls, a minimum of one device box shall be located in each
dorm room, with no less than one port per resident.
It may be permissible to use faceplate mounting brackets in lieu of device

boxes. CWU permission for this method is required on a project-byproject basis.
46
DESIGN CRITERIA
HORIZONTAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
4.5 HORIZONTAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

Please refer to the Horizontal Distribution Systems section of the BICSI TDMM for
general information regarding the design of horizontal distribution pathway and
cabling. The following requirements take precedence over the BICSI TDMM
guidelines for telecommunications infrastructure at CWU facilities:
4.5.1 HORIZONTAL PATHWAY SYSTEMS

CWU has standardized on the use of cable tray as the primary feeder pathway and
the use of conduit to route cabling from cable trays to outlets in its buildings. CWU
sometimes uses J-hooks for routing cabling. The process of selecting the type of
pathway for a particular project shall be a cooperative effort involving the Designer
and the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist.
4.5.1.1 General Pathway Design Considerations
A.
During the Schematic Design phase, the Designer shall discuss pathway type
and size with the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist.
1. The Designer shall discuss the relative merits of the pathway options
available and shall assist the CWU ITS staff and the project design team
to select the most appropriate pathway solution for the project.
2. The future growth anticipated for the facilities affected by the project shall
be discussed. Horizontal feeder pathways (cable trays, conduits from TRs
to distribution junction boxes) shall be sized to support the initial cabling
installation plus a minimum of 25% growth.
B.
Spare pathway shall be designed to terminate at building perimeters where

future expansion is anticipated.
C.
When considering the design of a ceiling-located cable tray or J-hook

pathway, the Designer shall verify that the pathway locations will comply with
accessibility and clearance requirements. Cable tray and J-hook pathways
routed through ceiling spaces shall be designed such that all installed cable is
conveniently accessible after construction for both cable maintenance and to
install subsequent cable additions. Conduit shall be used to span inaccessible
areas where the pathway will cross hard-lid ceilings or where ceiling tiles
are not readily removable or where accessibility is impeded.
D.
Pathway routing shall remain on the same floor as the telecommunications

room and telecommunications outlets served by the pathways. Where
project-specific conditions exist that justify other routing, the Designer shall
request CWU approval through the ADR process.
E.
Poke-thru penetrations to the ceiling space of the floor below are normally
not permitted. Permission to use poke-thru pathways in any circumstance
requires an ADR on a project-by-project basis.
1. For light remodel construction, poke-thru penetrations may be allowed
given budgetary, project size, or other limiting factors.
47
DESIGN CRITERIA
2. If no other option is available, poke-thrus may be used if there is a

suitable telecommunications room on the same floor as the
telecommunications outlet. In this case, an additional sleeve, slot, or
conduit raceway must be installed which to serve as pathway back to the
originating floor. The length of pathway through the ceiling space of the
floor below shall be minimized. Even if there is not a telecommunications
room on the originating floor, it is desirable to bring the pathway back to
the originating floor so that it may join with other pathway on the
originating floor, and thus route together to the telecommunications room.
3. For Residence Halls, using poke-thru pathway floor-to-floor and
distributing horizontally either in the bottom floor or in the attic may be
permitted.
F.
For computer lab applications, CWU has standardized on the use of 3 high
access flooring to distribute telecommunications cabling to each computer
workstation.
4.5.1.2 Pathways for New Construction and Full Remodel Projects

A.
J-hook pathway systems are not permitted.
B.
Surface raceways and surface mounted device boxes are not permitted.
4.5.1.3 Pathways for Light Remodel and Telecommunications-only Projects

A.
For light remodel construction, there may not be an existing (or suitable
space for a new) telecommunications room available on the same floor as an
outlet. While pathways shall generally be designed from the device box
serving the telecommunications outlet to the nearest telecommunications
room on the same floor as the outlet, his requirement may be waived.
B.
Existing pathways shall be reused where existing raceway is standardscompliant or where it can be verified that the existing pathway will permit
telecommunications cabling to be installed without negatively affecting the
performance of the cabling. Where a pathway is concealed or cannot
otherwise be verified, the Designer shall request direction from the CWU ITS
Infrastructure Specialist on a case-by-case basis.
C.
Where existing pathways cannot be reused, or where additional pathways are

required:
1. J-hook pathway may used. J-hook pathways shall be established through
concealed spaces. J-hook pathways shall be sized for a minimum of
100% expansion. D-ring pathways are not permitted.
2. When 40 or more cables are designed to be routed through an area, the
use of cable tray or conduit shall be considered in lieu of J-hooks.
D.
It may be permissible to use faceplate mounting brackets in lieu of device

48
DESIGN CRITERIA
boxes. In these cases, cabling is routed to the outlet location through

interstitial wall spaces. CWU permission for this method is required on a
project-by-project basis.
E.
For Residence Halls, it may be permissible to route pathway (such as soffits)

or raceway directly from room to room. Where soffit is used, the soffit lids
shall be secured with tamper resistant screws (such as Torx head) in order to
discourage vandalism. CWU permission for this method is required on a
4.5.1.4 Cable Tray Pathway Systems

A.
In general, cable tray systems shall be located in corridor or office

throughway spaces, and shall not be installed above office or classroom
space. Distances from EMI/RFI sources shall be maintained according to the
Electromagnetic Compatibility section (above), regardless of whether the
raceway is routing copper or fiber optic based media.
B.
Projects designed using cable tray shall use welded-wire type trays. Where it
is not possible, to conceal cable trays, the design shall specify aesthetically
finished aluminum or steel cable trays.
C.
Cable trays shall not be shared with power cables.
D.
Conduit used to route cabling from the cable tray to the work area outlet shall
be sized a minimum of 1.
4.5.1.5 Conduit and Junction Box Pathway Systems

A.
In slab-on-grade constructed buildings, conduits both in and under the

ground floor slab are considered wet locations where indoor-rated cabling is
not permitted. Therefore, conduit serving the main floors of such buildings
shall be routed in walls and ceilings - not in or under the slab. Intra-building
and horizontal pathways shall only be installed in dry locations where indoor
cabling can be protected from humidity levels and condensation that are
beyond the intended range of indoor-only rated cable.
B.
Where conduit runs terminate at cable trays, the conduits shall be arranged in
an organized, uniform manner to facilitate an orderly cable transition from
conduit to cable tray.
C.
Where conduit runs terminate in telecommunications rooms, the conduits

shall be arranged in an organized, uniform manner to facilitate an orderly
cable transition from conduit to backboard.
D.
Non-metallic conduit and flex conduit shall not be used for horizontal
pathways.
E.
Conduits shall not be filled beyond 40%. The Designer shall verify the outer
diameter of the cabling for a project at the time of the design to determine
the maximum number of cables that can be placed inside a conduit without
49
DESIGN CRITERIA
exceeding the 40% fill limitation.

The following table shows the quantity of cables that can be placed in a single
EMT conduit, based on the typical current outside diameter dimensions for
both CMR and CMP rated CAT3, CAT5E and CAT6 cables from AMP:
TABLE 4.1
CONDUIT FILL LIMITATIONS FOR AMP NETCONNECT CABLES
EMT Raceway
AMP Netconnect Cables, OD (in.)

CAT3-CMR
Trade
Size
1"
1 1/4"
1 1/2"
2"
2 1/2"
3"
3 1/2"
4"
0.150
I.D. (in.)
1.049
1.380
1.610
2.067
2.731
3.356
3.834
4.334
19
33
46
75
132
200
261
333
CAT3-CMP
CAT5E-CMR
CAT5E-CMP
CAT6-CMR
0.160
0.200
0.190
0.230
M ax # of Cables per Conduit ( @ 40% fill )
17
11
12
8
29
19
21
14
40
25
28
19
66
42
47
32
116
74
82
56
175
112
124
85
229
146
162
111
293
187
208
142
CAT6-CMP
0.206
10
17
24
40
70
106
138
177
F.
In new construction, all work area outlets shall have a minimum 1 conduit
routing from the device box to an accessible cable pulling location. The
conduit size shall be increased as necessary for the quantity of cables to be
installed. Where new conduit is installed in existing buildings, the Designer
shall notify CWU when existing conditions prevent the use of one-inch trade
size conduit as a minimum conduit size.
G.
Device boxes shall not be daisy-chained. Each device box shall be complete
with its own dedicated conduit to the nearest distribution point/pathway.
H.
Junction boxes and pull boxes shall be oriented for access doors to open from
the area where the cable installer will normally work. This is typically from
the bottom (floor) side of the box.
I.
Ceiling access to junction boxes and pull boxes shall be designed to allow full
access to the door and adequate working room for both the installation
personnel and proper looping of the cable during installation.
J.
Junction boxes and pull boxes shall be located in spaces that are easily
accessible during normal working hours such as hallways and common
areas. Junction boxes and pull boxes shall not be located in classrooms or
offices unless there is an overriding design reason for doing so, dependent
upon approval from CWU.
4.5.1.6 Surface Raceway

A.
Surface raceway may be permissible in areas where no suitable alternatives

exist. Surface raceway shall conform to bend radius requirements for
Category 6 and fiber optic cable.
B.
Surface raceway may be either plastic or metal. For Residence buildings,

surface plastic raceway shall not be used without permission from CWU on a
50
DESIGN CRITERIA
4.5.2 HORIZONTAL CABLING SYSTEMS

4.5.2.1
General
A.
The Designer shall work with the CWU FP&CS Project Manager and the CWU
ITS staff to identify and understand the needs and requirements for the
facility on a project-by-project basis. This includes understanding the
expected future uses of the facility. The Designer shall design the horizontal
cabling accordingly.
B.
CWU has standardized on the AMP Netconnect Structured Cabling System

product line for inside plant copper telecommunications infrastructure. CWU
has also standardized on the Corning Cable Systems LANscape fiber optic
cabling product line for all fiber optic cabling, both inside plant and outside
plant. Therefore, telecommunications infrastructure designs and
specifications shall be based upon these manufacturers products.
C.
For the purposes of this document, references to Category 6 cable shall be

interpreted as AMP Netconnect Category 6 UTP cable.
D.
In addition to the manufacturers listed above, CWU has selected several

manufacturers of products for telecommunications cabling systems (cable,
connectors, termination blocks, patch panels, etc.) and telecommunications
distribution hardware (racks, cable tray, enclosures, etc.). These
manufacturers and their products are identified in the TCGS. The Designer
shall incorporate only these manufacturers into the design, and shall design a
telecommunications distribution system that will be suitable for the use of
products from these manufacturers.
E.
Generally, the eight-position pin/pair assignment for new cabling in new

construction shall be the T568A configuration. The T568B configuration shall
only be used in the following two cases (but only after receiving written
approval from the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist):
1. For new cabling in a new building on an existing site, when the T568A
configuration does not exist anywhere on the campus.
2. For new cabling added to existing cabling in an existing building, where
the existing cabling is to remain in operation and where the T568A
configuration does not exist anywhere in that building.
In all other cases, new cabling shall be terminated using the T568A
configuration.
F.
Splitting of wire pairs degrades the performance of the split pairs and voids
the AMP Netconnect warranty.
1. Under no circumstances shall cable pairs be split or removed from the
back of a modular jack or patch panel. All four (4) pairs of each
horizontal distribution cable must be terminated to a single eight (8)position, eight (8)-conductor jack.
51
DESIGN CRITERIA
2. To support an additional telephone at a work area on existing cable, install

an external line-splitting device on the outside of the faceplate and
connect the additional cross-connect wires to the appropriate pins on the
connecting blocks in the TR.
4.5.2.2
Horizontal Cross-connect (HC)
A.
CWU has standardized on termination blocks for terminating horizontal

telecommunications media. All horizontal cabling shall be terminated on 110
termination blocks, regardless of the intended use of the horizontal cabling,
including cabling that will be used for voice, data or video.
B.
The only exception is horizontal cabling serving Computer Labs which shall be
terminated on patch panels.
4.5.2.3
Horizontal Cable to Support Data Applications
A.
At CWU facilities, horizontal distribution copper cable and components for

data applications shall be rated-for and installed to support the IEEE 802.3ab
1000Base-T Gigabit Ethernet standard.
B.
In new installations, horizontal cable supporting data applications (and all

other low voltage systems that are capable of operating with 24 AWG UTP
copper cabling) shall be AMP Netconnect 4-pair Category 6 cable.
1. Category 6 cables shall be terminated at the work area end with AMP
Netconnect modular jacks.
2. Modular jack color shall be coordinated with CWU by the Designer.
C.
In existing buildings, where additions are made to an existing Category 5 or

5E installation, the Designer shall seek direction from CWU regarding whether
to install Category 5E or Category 6 cabling. If the number of additional
cables to be installed is small compared to the installed base, CWU will likely
wish to add new Category 5E cabling. On the contrary, if the number of new
cables to be installed is relatively large, the additions shall be made using
AMP Netconnect Category 6 cable and matching components. Where
Category 6 cabling is installed among other different cable types, the color of
the Category 6 sheath shall be different from other existing cable.
1. Category 5 cable and components shall not be purchased or installed.
2. Category 5E or 6 cables shall be terminated at the work area end with an
AMP Netconnect modular jack matching the category of the cabling.
3. Modular jack color shall be coordinated with CWU by the Designer.
4.5.2.4
Horizontal Cable to Support Voice Applications
A.
Horizontal distribution cable intended to support voice services shall be the

same AMP Netconnect 4-pair Category 6 cable that is used for data
applications. This cabling shall meet the same test requirements as cabling
intended for data applications.
B.
In existing buildings with Category 3 cabling serving voice applications, where

5 or fewer voice cables are to be added to the existing horizontal cabling
52
DESIGN CRITERIA
system, AMP Netconnect 4-pair Category 3 cable or a Netconnect

approved substitute of equivalent or better performance are permissible.
1. If more than 5 voice cables are required, AMP Netconnect 4-pair
Category 5E cable or Category 6 cable shall be used. The Designer shall
request direction on this issue from the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist
on a project-by-project basis.
4.5.2.5
Horizontal Cable to Support Serial Cabling Applications
A.
CWU uses Category 6 cable for a number of applications that require serial
telecommunications, including card access, point of sale, vending machines,
laundry machines, etc. While these applications are not dependent on cabling
that complies with ANSI/TIA/EIA 568B standards (in particular regarding
cable length limits) it is desirable to comply with these standards wherever
possible to provide the greatest degree of flexibility for future uses.
B.
At the application end of the cable, the Designer shall require the Contractor
to provide a 50-foot coil for future termination by CWU, and the cable shall be
left coiled in the nearest pathway or distribution point that will accommodate
the coil.
C.
At the TR end of the cable, the Category 6 cabling serving these applications
shall be terminated at the bottom of the termination block serving the floor of
the building where the application end of the cable is located.
D.
The Designer shall discuss the serial cabling requirements with CWU on a
project-by-project basis and shall expect each building to have unique
requirements.
4.5.2.6
Horizontal Cable to Support Low Voltage and Building Automation Systems
A.
During planning for intra-building telecommunications cabling installations,

the Designer shall identify options for supporting power limited (low voltage)
and building automation systems with the common structured cabling system,
and present the options to CWU for consideration. These options shall comply
with ANSI/TIA/EIA 862 Building Automation Systems Cabling Standard for
Commercial Buildings.
B.
By providing a common cabling distribution system for the various building

automation systems, it may be possible to reduce construction costs and
operational costs while creating an intelligent building that can contribute
many other benefits (see TDMM Chapter 19 for further information). Low
voltage systems that are capable of using a common structured cabling
system (either backbone or horizontal cabling) shall be designed to use the
AMP Netconnect Structured Cabling System cable and termination hardware
wherever possible.
C.
The Designer shall request from CWU a list of systems that will require
telecommunications outlets for operations. The Designer shall then include
outlets in the design as necessary to meet the listed requirements.
53
DESIGN CRITERIA
4.5.2.7
A.
Patch Cords
Patch cords shall be AMP Netconnect factory-manufactured patch cords.
Patch cords shall be certified by the manufacturer to match the cable type
used in the horizontal distribution.
1. Category 6 patch cords shall be used with all horizontal cabling
applications, regardless of its category rating.
2. Field connectorized patch cords are not acceptable. Any existing fieldconnectorized patch cords used in areas affected by a project shall be
replaced under the project with factory assembled Category 6 patch
cords. See Table 4.2 below for information regarding the 110-block
termination of patch cords.
B.
The Designer shall quantify and specify the required patch cords in the
Contract Documents to be provided by the Contractor for each particular
project, as shown in Table 4.2, below:
TABLE 4.2
PATCH CORD REQUIREMENTS

Patch Cord
Applications
Work Area Data
Work Area Voice
Telecommunications
Room Data
All Buildings Except

Residence Halls
Do not require patch cords to be

Typically require CAT6 patch
provided by the Contractor.
cords to be provided by the
Students will provide their own
Contractor for each known
patch cords.
immediate use plus 10% spare.
This shall be confirmed with the
CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist
on a case-by-case basis.
Students will provide their own
Patch cords are typically provided
patch cords.
with telephone equipment.
Require the Contractor to provide CAT6 patch cords, at least 30 feet in
length. The Contractor shall be required to cut the patch cords in half
and terminate the cut end of each patch cord on the 110-block for each
data connection. The Contractor shall be required to connect the
modular end of the patch cord to a network switch port, and shall
route/groom the patch cords from the 110 blocks through the cable
management to the network switches.
For Residence Halls, CWU ITS
may wish to turn-up all or just a
portion of the ports. The Designer
shall contact CWU ITS for
direction. A possible formula for
calculating the number of patch
cords that the Contractor shall be
required to provide is a quantity
equal to the number of residents
(at full capacity) divided by two
(cords will be cut in half) plus 5%
spare patch cords.
Jumper wire shall be provided by the Contractor for making crossconnections. No patch cords required.
For Academic buildings, require
the Contractor to provide a
quantity equal to the number of
known immediate use
requirements divided by two
(cords will be cut in half) plus 5%
spare patch cords.
Telecommunications
Room Voice
Residence Halls
54
DESIGN CRITERIA
BACKBONE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
INTRA-BUILDING BACKBONE PATHWAYS
4.6 BACKBONE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

Please refer to the Backbone Distribution Systems section of the BICSI TDMM, the
Pathways and Spaces section and the Cabling section of the BICSI CO-OSP, and the
Installing Backbone Pathways section of the BICSI TCIM for general information
regarding the design of backbone distribution pathway and cabling. The following
requirements take precedence over the BICSI TDMM, the BICSI CO-OSP, and the
BICSI TCIM guidelines for telecommunications infrastructure at CWU facilities:
4.6.1 INTRA-BUILDING BACKBONE PATHWAYS

A.
Intra-building backbone pathway shall utilize a physical star topology.

Backbone raceway shall consist of conduit, chases or shafts, sleeves, and/or
ladder racking.
B.
In new construction and full remodel projects, all telecommunications rooms

shall have a direct pathway connection to the main telecommunications room
in the building (which typically serves as the entrance facility). Backbone
pathways between two intermediate telecommunications rooms are generally
not required.
1. For light remodel construction, it may be prudent (due to budgetary or
other project limitations) to design the intra-building backbone pathway in
an arrangement that sub-feeds an intermediate telecommunications room
from another intermediate telecommunications room.
2. Even though pathway from one telecommunications room may connect to
another telecommunications room before connecting to the main
telecommunications room, backbone cabling shall not cross-connect in the
interposing telecommunications room intra-building backbone cabling
shall be continuous (non-spliced) between the main telecommunications
room and each intermediate telecommunications room.
4.6.1.1
Backbone Raceway Size and Quantity Requirements
A.
Future growth requirements shall be considered when sizing intra-building

backbone pathways. The cost to install additional spare pathways during
initial construction is significantly less than the cost of retrofitting additional
pathway in the future.
B.
In general, for new construction and full remodel projects, CWU requires a
minimum of one 4 EMT conduit (or sleeve) and two spare 4 conduits (or
sleeves) between the main telecommunications room/entrance facility and
each intermediate telecommunications room.
4.6.1.1.1 Single-story buildings

A.
For single-story buildings with multiple telecommunications rooms, 4 conduit

pathways shall be routed through the ceiling, not in or under the floor slab.
The Designer shall determine the number of 4 conduits required to serve
initial and future backbone cabling requirements.
55
DESIGN CRITERIA
INTRA-BUILDING BACKBONE CABLING
1. In cases where it is not possible to route 4 conduits to each of the

telecommunications rooms, three 2 conduits may be substituted for each
required 4 conduit.
4.6.1.1.2 Multi-story buildings
A.
In new construction and full remodel projects, telecommunications rooms

shall be stacked wherever possible. Sleeves may be substituted for conduit
if the telecommunications rooms are stacked. Sleeved vertical pathways shall
be extended to the roof (or to an attic space with access to the roof), to
facilitate access for future roof or side-of-building mounted
telecommunications equipment.
B.
Ladder racking shall be vertically mounted in the stacked telecommunications

rooms to route and support backbone cable passing from the room below to
upper rooms.
C.
If design constraints prevent vertical stacking of telecommunications rooms, a

centrally located vertical pathway (chase) shall be provided and shall be
dedicated to the telecommunications distribution system. This pathway shall
have a minimum cross-sectional area of 2 ft2, shall be accessible at a
maximum interval length of 3 feet, and shall extend to the roof or attic space.
1. 4 conduits shall be routed between the vertical chase and the
telecommunications rooms on each floor. The Designer shall determine
the number of 4 conduits required to serve initial and future backbone
cabling requirements.
2. In cases where it is not possible to route 4 conduits to each of the
telecommunications rooms from the vertical chase, three 2 conduits may
be substituted for each required 4 conduit.
4.6.2 INTRA-BUILDING BACKBONE CABLING

4.6.2.1 Intra-building Backbone Cable Types
A.
CWU uses three types of telecommunications cabling for intra-building

backbone systems:
24 AWG UTP -- used for voice or analog applications

Multimode fiber optic, 62.5/125m, graded index, extended grade (200
Mhz @ 850nm) used for data and voice applications
Singlemode fiber optic used for data, video, and voice applications
B.
In addition, CWU occasionally uses Category 6 UTP for connections between

telecommunications rooms (or between telecommunications rooms and ERs)
that do not exceed 295 feet. This requires approval on a project-by-project
basis.
C.
CWU does not use 50/125m multimode fiber optic cabling. CWU uses
56
DESIGN CRITERIA
singlemode fiber wherever 62.5/125m fiber is unable to meet the

requirements of a particular application.
4.6.2.2 Strand and Pair Counts
A.
Each telecommunications room shall be served with multimode fiber,

singlemode fiber, and 24 AWG UTP copper intra-building backbone cables.
B.
Backbone cable sizing (pairs / strands) shall be considered with respect to

possible future requirements. The cost to add additional backbone pairs and
strands during the initial installation is significantly less than the cost of
adding another cable in the future.
C.
The minimum number of UTP backbone cable pairs to be provided shall be

equal to the number of horizontal cable ports served by the
telecommunications room in which the port is terminated, plus one hundred
percent expansion capability. At a minimum, require the Contractor to
provide each telecommunications room with a 50-pair UTP cable.
D.
The minimum number of multimode fiber optic strands to be provided shall be

equal to 2 strands per piece of equipment being hosted in the
telecommunications room plus one hundred percent expansion capability. At
a minimum, require the Contractor to provide each telecommunications room
with a 12-strand multimode fiber optic cable.
E.
The minimum number of singlemode fiber optic strands to be provided shall

be 12. Additional singlemode strands shall be considered on a project-byproject basis.
F.
CWU permits the appropriate use of hybrid singlemode/multimode fiber optic

cabling, and allows both types of fiber to be terminated on separate
bulkheads in a single fiber optic patch panel.
4.6.2.3 Cable Segregation

A.
In no case shall copper or fiber optic backbone cabling be run in the same
raceways as those used by electrical power conductors.
4.6.2.4 Innerduct
A.
Intra-building fiber optic backbone cabling shall be designed using innerduct.
B.
The practice of populating a conduit with spare innerduct for future use is not
permitted.
4.6.3 INTER-BUILDING (CAMPUS) BACKBONE PATHWAYS

4.6.3.1
A.
Telecommunications Outside Plant Pathway Master Plan

Each design for installation on the CWU campus is expected to conform to
57
DESIGN CRITERIA
and integrate with the CWU Telecommunications Outside Plant Pathway

Master Plan. This plan provides a 10-year strategy for the use and expansion
of the underground telecommunication pathways at the CWU campus.
B.
The Master Plan divides the campus into nine areas, called clusters. Each
building within a cluster is connected via OSP telecommunications pathway
(ductbank) to a building within the cluster that serves as the cluster hub.
The cluster hub buildings are in turn connected via OSP telecommunications
pathway to the Telecommunications Center, forming a standards-compliant
two-level hierarchical star topology as shown the Figure below:
TWO-LEVEL HIERARCHICAL STAR TOPOLOGY
COMM
CENTER
4.6.3.2
BUILDING
CLUSTER
HUB
BUILDING
CLUSTER
HUB
BUILDING
CLUSTER
HUB
BUILDING BUILDING BUILDING
General Design Considerations
An OSP pathway system designed with attention to CWUs standards and future
needs provides for ease of administration, maintenance, future expansion, and
replacement of cabling as technology changes.
At the start of the project, the Designer shall request direction from CWU regarding
the following aspects of an OSP pathway design:
4.6.3.3
Proposed pathway routing

Aesthetic requirements (exposed conduits on building walls, etc.)
Long range construction plans for buildings, paved areas, opens spaces, etc.
Any unique circumstances that may be specific to the project
Ductbank
4.6.3.3.1 Conduit Types

A.
CWU requires 4 Schedule 40 PVC for all outside plant pathway except ducts
serving Blue Light Emergency Telephones which shall be trade-size 1
conduit.
B.
OSP conduit shall transition from PVC to PVC-coated rigid steel conduit when
58
DESIGN CRITERIA
it enters within 10-feet of the building foundation and shall route from that
point to the building entrance facility. PVC-coated, rigid steel conduit is
intended to defend against the shearing effects of differential ground settling
around the building foundation. It also increases the protection against
future landscaping activities near the building.
C.
Transitioning back to PVC conduit after passing five feet inside the
building foundation is acceptable as long as the conduit remains in or
under the slab, otherwise it shall transition to rigid galvanized steel
conduit.
The design shall require that a slack loop be installed inside the nearest
maintenance hole or handhole (not stored in the TR). The Designer shall
require that sufficient racking hardware be provided in the maintenance
hole or handhole to support the slack loop.
The length of the loop shall be a minimum of 25 feet. The Designer shall
consider the arrangement of the telecommunications room and the
possibility of a rearrangement that might consume the cable slack. If
necessary, additional slack shall be required in the design, up to the NEC
limit of 50 feet of exposed OSP-rated cabling.
A maximum of fifty feet of outdoor-rated cable is permitted in a building

space. Therefore, rigid galvanized steel conduit shall be used to route the
cable until will be it is close enough to its termination point that fifty feet
or less outdoor-rated cable (including slack loops) will be exposed.
The use of flexible metallic conduit and flexible non-metallic conduit is

prohibited.
4.6.3.3.2 Burial Depth and Slope

A.
Campus distribution conduits shall be buried a minimum of 30 inches deep.

Where this minimum depth cannot be achieved due to physical constraints,
approval for burial at an alternative depth may be requested through the ADR
process.
As an absolute requirement, conduits shall be buried beneath the frost

line. The Kittitas County Building and Construction Code 14.04.020 lists
the frost line at 24 inches in Ellensburg. (See
http://www.co.kittitas.wa.us/boc/countycode/title14.asp for further
information.)
B.
Conduit to be used for routing entrance cables from third party service
providers to an entrance facility shall be installed per the service providers
requirements, generally 36 to 48 inches deep. The Designer shall consult
with the service providers prior to designing conduits serving an entrance
facility.
C.
A continuous drain slope should exist at all points along the ductbank to allow
drainage and prevent the accumulation of water.
A drain slope of per foot is desirable where possible.
59
DESIGN CRITERIA
Where per foot is not possible due to inadequate natural slope or long
duct runs, a drain slope of no less than 1/8 per foot is acceptable.
If no other option exists, require the Contractor to provide a center
crown drain slope by sloping the first half of the ductbank up towards the
midpoint, and then down from the midpoint to the end. Of course, the
center crown technique can not be used for conduits between a
maintenance hole and a building, because water would then drain into the
building.
4.6.3.3.3 Conduit Sweeps (Bends)

A.
B.
CWU has standardized on the use of factory-manufactured sweeps with a

minimum bend radius of 48 for all OSP ductbanks with the following
exceptions and alternatives:
Shallow curves comprised of continuous lengths of individual straight RNC

conduit are permissible with a minimum sweep radius of 40 feet.
Where cabling larger than 400-PR UTP copper is intended to be installed,

conduit bends shall have a radius larger than 48. The Designer shall
consult with the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist on a case-by-case basis
to select appropriately-sized conduit sweeps.
The Designer shall minimize the effects of sidewall pressure between the
cable and conduit at bend points where possible by designing bends with the
most tightest bend radii to be near the cable feed end of the duct section
rather than the middle or end of the duct bank.
4.6.3.3.4 Concrete Encasement

CWU has standardized on concrete encasement with full length reinforcement and
formed sides for all ductbanks except ducts serving Blue Light Emergency
Telephones which shall not be encased in concrete.
A.
Prior to concrete being poured, the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist or a

designated representative shall observe the OSP conduit installation to
identify unacceptable installations that need to be corrected prior to concrete
encasement.
B.
In general, direct-buried conduit ductbanks are not permissible, unless

extenuating circumstances warrant and approved by CWU through the ADR
process. Should the use of direct-buried conduit ductbank be warranted, the
Designer shall ensure that all bends in the ductbanks are encased in concrete.
4.6.3.3.5 Number of Ducts

A.
The OSP pathway system shall accommodate the requirements for signal and
low voltage cabling systems at CWU facilities. The Designer shall inquire with
CWU staff about the potential for future buildings or building expansions that
may adversely affect an existing or proposed distribution pathway and
accommodate those plans within the design.
60
DESIGN CRITERIA
B.
The number of ducts in a ductbank should meet the needs of the specific
application and should offer future expansion capability. The following list is a
guideline for consideration when designing a new ductbank.
Small utility buildings up to 5,000 sq. ft.: 2 ducts (approvable on a caseby-case basis)
Buildings up to 100,000 sq. ft.: 4 ducts
Buildings 100,000 sq. ft. to 300,000 sq. ft.: 6 ducts
Buildings larger than 300,000 sq. ft.: multiple redundant entrances with 6
ducts each
Building serving as a Cluster Hub Building: 6 ducts
Pathway between Cluster Hub Buildings and the Telecommunications
Center: 4 ducts
4.6.3.3.6 Ductbank Length

A.
In general, ductbank systems shall be designed with section lengths

averaging 400 feet and as straight as possible.
B.
The maximum permissible ductbank length (between maintenance holes

and/or buildings) is 600 ft. Ductbank runs that exceed this distance require
intermediate maintenance holes or handholes. This requirement may be
waived through the ADR process in rare cases having the following
conditions:
The duct run is straight.
The Designer can demonstrate that the pulling tension of several typical
OSP telecommunications cable types will not be exceeded during
installation.
4.6.3.3.7 Separation from Other Utilities

A.
In general, ductbank used as pathway for telecommunications and other low

voltage cabling should not be routed with other utilities. Budgetary
constraints, space limitations, and various obstructions can make this difficult
to achieve at times. Should shared routing be a necessity (perhaps for
overbuild construction projects), the Designer shall ensure that adequate
separation exists between ducts used for telecommunications and ducts used
for other utilities.
B.
The pathway system shall be designed such that telecommunications and

other low voltage systems do not share conduits, maintenance holes,
handholes or tunnels with the electrical power distribution system. The
telecommunications distribution pathway shall also maintain minimum
separation distances from electrical power distribution infrastructure as
required by CWU.
The vertical and horizontal separation requirements for OSP telecommunications

pathways from other underground utility infrastructure are as follows:
4.6.3.3.7.1 PROXIMITY TO POWER OR OTHER FOREIGN CONDUITS
NESC requirements state that outside plant telecommunications conduits shall not be
installed closer to power conduits or other unidentified underground conduits than:
61
DESIGN CRITERIA
o
o
o
3 where the surrounding material is concrete

4 where the surrounding material is masonry
12 where the surrounding material is well-tamped earth
The NESC requirements above are focused on safety issues, and the performance of
telecommunications systems can be negatively affected by the presence of nearby
sources of EMI, even though the NESC safety-related separation requirements are
met. Where the Designer is concerned about EMI due to the proximity of power
distribution infrastructure, the Designer shall discuss the issue with the CWU ITS
Infrastructure Specialist.
4.6.3.3.7.2 PROXIMITY TO WATER, GAS OR OIL CONDUITS
Outside plant telecommunications conduits shall not be installed closer to conduits

that can be identified as not containing electrical power distribution conductors than:
o
o
6 where the conduits cross

12 where the conduits run in parallel with each other
Telecommunications conduits running in parallel with water, gas or oil conduits shall
not be installed vertically above the other conduits, but rather to the side of the
conduits. This arrangement should contribute to decreased disruption to the
telecommunications conduits in the event of excavation maintenance activities
associated with the other nearby conduits.
4.6.3.3.7.3 PROXIMITY TO STEAM LINES AND STEAM UTILIDORS
A.
A minimum separation distance of 12 is required between a steam utilidor

and telecommunications conduits.
B.
Steam lines pose two primary risks to telecommunications cabling:
Under steady state operating conditions, objects in the vicinity of steam

lines may warm due to heat lost through the insulation of the steam line.
As the temperature of telecommunications cabling increases, its
performance can degrade. In situations where there is concern about the
risk of exposure to steady state heat, the separation distance between the
steam line and telecommunications infrastructure shall be increased.
In the event of a steam line failure in the proximity of telecommunications

infrastructure, significant damage to the conduits and cabling can result
from the high temperature steam. In situations where there is concern
about the risk of exposure to high temperatures from steam line failure
events, the design shall require telecommunications conduits shall be
encased within an insulating sleeve in the vicinity of the risk.
C.
High temperature insulation may be necessary to protect telecommunications

conduits and cabling.
D.
CWUs practice is to install steam lines in utilidors, rather than to direct-bury

the steam lines. The utilidors are typically 3 to 4 feet high, and may be
buried with 0 to 2 feet of surface cover. Therefore, the bottom of most
utilidors on campus is typically somewhere between 3 and 6 feet deep.
62
DESIGN CRITERIA
E.
The Designer shall field-investigate the actual utilidor routing in cooperation

with CWU surveying staff to identify accurate field conditions. Potholing to
confirm record drawing information is typically required.
F.
Where physical conditions appear to preclude compliance with the following

requirements, an Alternative Design Request shall be submitted
demonstrating solutions for mitigating exposure to worse-case conditions,
including steam line failure where steam vents in the direction of the
telecommunications conduits.
4.6.3.3.7.3.1 Crossing Above Steam Utilidors
A.
Due to the requirement to bury conduit beneath the frost line, a cover depth
of 43 inches is required for a topside conduit crossing. Unless a utilidor has
at least this much topside cover, it will not be possible to install a single-level
conduit ductbank over the top of the utilidor while maintaining 12 separation
from the top of the utilidor and while keeping the conduit below the frost line.
B.
It is unlikely that a circumstance permitting a topside crossing will occur

at CWU.
Telecommunications ductbanks shall not cross over the top of a steam utilidor
in a live load area where vehicle traffic passes without specific CWU approval.
4.6.3.3.7.3.2 Crossing Beneath Steam Utilidors
A.
Most commonly, where telecommunications conduits must cross a steam

utilidor, the conduits must cross underneath the utilidor. Care shall be taken
to avoid creating a dip in the conduit at this point where water will collect
the conduit slope shall be designed to permit any water entering the conduits
to drain out. The following diagram depicts this concept:
B.
The Designer shall design a utilidor crossing similar to the pre-approved

63
DESIGN CRITERIA
solution shown in the diagram above or some other solution that

accomplishes a utilidor crossing without trapped water and without risking
cable damage due to nearby steam heat. The Designer shall include details
of any steam utilidor crossings in the Construction Documents.
4.6.3.3.7.3.3 Direct Buried Steam Lines
A.
If it becomes necessary to install telecommunications conduits in the vicinity

of direct-buried steam lines, the following requirements apply:
Telecommunications conduits shall not be installed closer than 12 inches

to steam lines, and shall perpendicularly cross the steam lines.
Direct-buried steam lines within 12 to 24 inches of telecommunications
conduits shall be encased with an insulated pipe sleeve surrounding the
steam line. The sleeve shall be constructed from a material designed to
withstand steam temperatures and protect against physical/mechanical
damage from jets of steam. The insulated sleeve shall extend at least 5
feet on both sides of the crossing point of the telecommunications
conduits.
4.6.3.3.8 Innerduct
A.
While OSP innerduct for fiber optic cabling has been used on past CWU
telecommunications projects, CWU no longer installs innerduct on its projects
unless the application specifically requires it.
B.
In the event that OSP innerduct is needed, sufficient innerduct to meet the
needs shall be designed into the project. However, spare innerduct shall not
be included.
4.6.3.3.9 Coordination with Utility Service Providers

The Designer shall inquire with CWU to determine whether services from utility
service providers will be necessary. If so, the Designer shall contact the utilities to
obtain their entrance pathway, entrance facility and demarcation point requirements.
4.6.3.4
Maintenance Holes and Handholes
A.
Typically, maintenance holes are installed for main ductbanks (i.e. ductbanks
used for routing large portions of the telecommunications system backbone),
and handholes/pullholes are installed for subsidiary ductbanks (i.e. ductbanks
serving small clusters of buildings or a single building).
B.
Maintenance holes and their covers shall be appropriately sized for the
application.
Covers for maintenance holes and handholes shall be either lockable or

use bolts to prevent unauthorized access.
Diamond plate hinged covers and removable diamond plate covers are not
permitted for maintenance holes at CWU.
64
DESIGN CRITERIA
C.
Telecommunications maintenance holes and handholes shall not be shared

with electrical power distribution infrastructure. In general, powered devices
should not be located in telecommunications maintenance holes and
handholes.
D.
The number of duct entrances in a maintenance hole or handhole should be

sized for both immediate and future requirements. Also, splayed duct
entrance arrangements are preferred over center entrances.
It is desirable to have ducts enter and exit from opposite ends of a

maintenance hole or handhole. Sidewall duct entrances should be
avoided because such entrances may obstruct racking space, may cause
cable bends to exceed limits, may interfere with cable maintenance
activities, and may increase construction costs during cable installation.
CWU recognizes that sidewall duct entry may be necessary or desirable in

some circumstances. In these cases, sidewall ducts shall enter and exit at
diagonally opposite corners - ducts shall not enter and exit at the
midpoints of the endwalls or sidewalls. The Designer shall ensure that
endwall and sidewall duct entry in a maintenance hole or handhole will not
hinder the proper installation and maintenance of cabling.
E.
Ducts shall be designed to enter the maintenance holes and handholes

starting at the lowest conduit knockouts and moving upward, preserving
remaining knockouts accessible for future conduit additions. The Designer
shall design the duct entrances such that the relative position of each duct
does not change as it enters and exits the maintenance hole or handhole.
Also, the Designer shall endeavor to design ductbank arrangements so that
the conduits enter and exit a sequence of maintenance holes or handholes in
the same relative positions.
F.
Splices in backbone fiber optic cable are not allowed, and while splices in
backbone copper cable may be permitted in some rare cases (through an
approved ADR), they are discouraged. However, when sizing OSP
telecommunications maintenance holes, the design shall require the
Contractor to provide space for possible future splice closures when required
(for example, to repair cable breaks when and if possible).
G.
Some situations may require placement of maintenance holes at below-typical

depths. In such cases, the top of the maintenance hole shall be placed at
normal depth and the height of maintenance hole shall increased through the
use of intermediate riser extensions between the base and the top. CWU
wishes to avoid deep-collar entrance portals to improve lighting and
ventilation wherever possible. Where the collar will exceed 24 in height, the
Designer shall require that the collar be equipped with permanently affixed
galvanized steps (rungs).
4.6.3.5
Aerial Distribution
Aerial distribution of telecommunications cabling at CWU facilities is not authorized.

If an application requires aerial distribution, permission to use this method shall be
65
DESIGN CRITERIA
CAMPUS CABLING
requested through the Alternative Design Request process.

4.6.3.6
Bridge and Waterway Crossings
The Designer shall review the construction of bridge and waterway crossing
distribution systems for compliance with the design. The design and installation shall
also be reviewed, approved, and inspected by the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist
or designee.
4.6.3.7
Wireless and Radio System Distribution
A.
CWU facilities frequently use wireless or radio systems for

telecommunications with mobile units and personnel, both on and off of the
campus. These systems typically use one or more radio antennas connected
by cabling to radio transceiver equipment. In some cases, the radio
equipment may be interfaced into the telephone system. The outside plant
telecommunications substructure shall be designed with adequate cable
routing pathways between antenna locations, radio transceiver locations, and
the telephone backbone cabling system.
B.
Radio antenna transmission cables that connect the antenna to the radio
transceiver emit radio frequency (RF) radiation. These cables may be routed
through the common telecommunications ductbank and maintenance hole
system if necessary, but shall be routed in a separate conduit from other
telecommunications cables. Cables containing RF radiation shall be shielded
cables.
C.
Radio interconnection cables (for analog or digital signaling to remote radio

operating positions or to the telephone system) typically emit low levels of
radio frequency radiation. These interconnection cables shall be routed
through the common telecommunications ductbank and maintenance hole
system. Individual conduits may be shared for these interconnection cables
and other telecommunications services, and available cable pairs in telephone
backbone cables may be used for these interconnections, provided that the
signaling is analog or digital signaling, and is not direct radio frequency
signal.
4.6.4 CAMPUS CABLING

4.6.4.1
A.
General
CWU uses three types of telecommunications media for the campus backbone
system:
24 AWG UTP (copper) used for voice, analog signaling, and various
metering applications
Singlemode Fiber Optic used for data, video, and increasingly, voice
applications
62.5/125 um Multimode Fiber Optic used primarily for data applications
and various metering applications.
66
DESIGN CRITERIA
CAMPUS CABLING
CWU does not use 50/125m multimode fiber optic cabling on campus. CWU
uses singlemode fiber wherever the existing 62.5/125m fiber is unable to
meet the requirements of a particular application.
B.
Each building shall be provided with the above three types of

telecommunications media.
C.
As discussed in the Preface section of this document, telecommunications

distribution systems designed for CWU facilities are expected to support and
integrate all low voltage, power limited signal systems and Building
Automation Systems that convey information within and between buildings
wherever practicable.
During planning of backbone cable installations, the opportunity for these

systems to use the common structured cabling system shall be evaluated
by the Designer and discussed with CWU. The backbone cabling design
shall reflect the needs and requirements identified during these
discussions.
D.
Where cables are to be pulled through maintenance holes and handholes, the
duct selected for cable installation shall be the same as it enters and exits the
maintenance hole or handhole. Changes in duct selections, especially in
elevations, should be avoided to reduce the risk of damage to cable sheaths
and to minimize pulling tension.
E.
Ducts shall be assigned during the course of design, not during construction.
Duct assignments must be approved by CWU prior to the release of
construction documents. If a choice of ducts to use is available, the bottom
ducts should be used first in order to facilitate future cable placement.
F.
Cabling entering a building should be routed so as not to block or obstruct the

planned usage or expansion of any other facility that occupies or will occupy
the space.
G.
Telecommunications backbone cables shall be segregated by type of cable

(fiber optic, copper, coaxial, other). Segregation can be accomplished by
using different ducts (the most desirable solution), or by using separate
innerducts within the same duct. Segregation is desirable because when
maintenance work is performed on a backbone cable serving a specific
system, work on that cable will not disrupt the functionality of other backbone
cables serving other systems.
H.
OSP cable shall be installed in the lowest available conduit in a ductbank,

working up as additional cables are installed.
I.
The use of direct buried cabling and aerial cabling is not authorized. If
circumstances appear to justify either of these cable distribution methods, the
Designer shall seek approval via the Alternative Design Request process.
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DESIGN CRITERIA
CAMPUS CABLING
4.6.4.2
Copper Backbone Cabling
A.
Outside plant copper backbone cabling shall be 24 AWG UTP cabling.
B.
CWU requires that copper backbone cabling be designed and installed in an

unspliced, home-run configuration.
C.
For copper cabling, indoor dry splice enclosures shall be provided just
prior to the building entrance terminals.
For long cable runs, the longest cable reel lengths obtainable shall be
used. Splices shall not be used except where cable reel lengths are
exceeded. If splices are used, the Designer shall ensure that the splice
location will have enough space for storing cable slack loops after the
splice is completed.
The Designer shall design OSP copper backbone cabling such that it does
not exceed 2,200 feet in length. This is the length limitation for the digital
telephone sets used on campus. Where a project appears to require
lengths longer than this amount, the Designer shall alert the CWU ITS
Infrastructure Specialist to cooperatively consider other options, including
the use of fiber optic cabling with remote telephone system electronics.
Typically, CWU uses OSP copper cabling that is outdoor-only rated for its
inter-building copper needs.
At most end-use buildings, OSP copper cabling is spliced immediately

upon entrance into the building, transitioning to smaller pair-count,
indoor-rated cabling.
At the Computer Center, OSP copper cabling is spliced in maintenance

hole G11O02 (just prior to entering the building) and is transitioned to
smaller pair-count OSP-rated cabling, and then it is terminated within the
50-foot length limitation immediately inside the building. Slack loops are
stored in the maintenance hole.
D.
Inter-building copper backbone cables shall be terminated with a primary

protector panel at each cable end. The protector units shall provide sneakcurrent protection. Building entrance terminals shall be grounded to the
building electrical power ground.
E.
Twisted-pair copper cabling shall not be used for inter-building data backbone
applications.
F.
Pressurized cabling and associated pressurization systems shall not be used

at CWU facilities.
4.6.4.2.1 OSP Copper Pair Counts

A.
Copper backbone cables shall be sized to support two pairs per work area,
plus 25% growth. When calculating size, work area shall also include fax
machines and dial-up modems. Copper backbone cables shall have a
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DESIGN CRITERIA
CAMPUS CABLING
minimum of 25 pairs.
B.
4.6.4.3
Backbone cable pair sizing shall be considered with respect to possible future
requirements. The cost to add additional backbone pairs during the initial
installation is significantly less than the cost of adding another cable in the
future.
CWU uses fiber optic cabling for voice applications at some of its buildings.
The Designer shall inquire about whether fiber or copper cabling is to be
used for voice services at a facility, and shall size the copper cabling
accordingly.
Fiber Optic Backbone Cabling
A.
During the Design Development phase, the Designer shall contact Corning
Cable Systems fiber optic cable suppliers and obtain their projections of the
lead-time requirements for fiber optic cabling. This information shall be
submitted to CWU ITS to aid project-scheduling efforts and determine
whether cable should be pre-ordered.
B.
OSP fiber optic cable installed underground shall be loose tube construction
and gel-filled or be constructed of appropriate waterproofing compounds.
C.
CWU does not permit the design of any fiber optic cabling system that is
dependent on splices.
D.
Typically, CWU uses OSP fiber optic cabling that is Indoor/Outdoor rated
(Corning Cable Systems Freedm line of products) for most of its interbuilding fiber needs. The reason for this choice is that many (if not most) of
the buildings on campus do not have a continuous metallic conduit from the
point of entry to the main telecommunications room in the building and the
length of the entrance cable typically exceeds 50 feet. This solution also
preserves signal headroom that would be lost crossing a spliced Outdoor-toIndoor rated cabling transition point.
E.
Wherever appropriate, designs shall require hybrid singlemode/multimode

fiber optic cabling. Both types of fiber shall be terminated on separate
bulkheads in a single fiber optic patch panel.
F.
The Designer shall consult with the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist prior to
developing the fiber optic design to determine the performance requirements
for the network electronics. Selection of fiber optic interface modules for
network electronics will be affected by the lengths of the fiber optic cabling to
be used by the electronics.
G.
Fiber optic cabling shall be terminated in rack-mounted patch panels. On

approval from CWU ITS, fiber may alternatively be terminated in wallmountable connector housings secured to a plywood backboard.
1. Where equipment racks are installed, the rack-mountable Fiber Optic
Interconnection Units shall be used.
2. The standard fiber optic connector for CWU is the type 568SC Duplex.
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DESIGN CRITERIA
CAMPUS CABLING
When fiber additions are made to existing facilities where type 568ST
connectors are in use, new 568SC Duplex connectors and new Duplex SC
patch panels shall be used for new fiber.
3. For full remodel and light remodel to existing facilities where type 568ST
connectors are currently in use, CWU may wish to re-terminate the
existing fiber and install 568SC Duplex connectors. The Designer shall
inquire with CWU ITS for direction with this issue on a project-by-project
basis.
4. All strands of a fiber optic cable shall be terminated using fusion-spliced
pigtail connectors. The installation of dark fiber is not permitted.
H.
Fiber optic cable and components shall be rated and installed to comply with
the IEEE 802.3z 1000Mb/s (Gigabit Ethernet) standard. CWU networks
operate at Gigabit backbone speeds.
I.
In new construction and new conduit, fiber optic backbone cables shall be
installed in fiber optic innerduct that routes continuously to each
telecommunications rack or backboard location where the fiber is terminated.
Where fiber optic cable is installed into existing conduits, the use of fiber optic
innerduct is required if space is available. Design or installation of fiber optic
cabling without the use of innerduct shall require approval through the
Alternative Design Request process.
4.6.4.3.1 OSP Fiber Strand Counts

A.
In accordance with the CWU Telecommunications Outside Plant Master Plan,

the following guidelines should be considered when determining appropriate
strand counts for each type of cabling to be installed:
Between Cluster Hub Buildings and other buildings in the cluster:

Cable Type
Singlemode Fiber
Multimode Fiber
Strands
12 strands
24 strands
Usage
4 Data, 4 Video, 4 Spare
4 Data, 2 Access Control, 4 Fire Alarm, 2 HVAC
Control, 2 Power Metering, 10 Spare
Between Cluster Hub Buildings and the Computer Center:

Cable Type
Singlemode Fiber
Multimode Fiber
Strands
48 strands
24 strands
4.6.4.3.2 Fiber Optic Patch Cords

A.
Fiber optic patch cables shall be factory manufactured Corning Cable Systems
cables
Fiber optic patch cables shall interconnect with the site backbone using
Duplex SC connectors. If low voltage equipment is not available with SC
connectors, then hybrid fiber patch cables from Corning Cable Systems
shall be used.
B.
Mode-conditioning patch cords shall be used for 1000BASE-LX runs over

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DESIGN CRITERIA
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multimode fiber optic cable where the length is between 275 meters and 550
meters:
Between the work area outlet and the LANattached device.
Between the TR patch panel and the LAN switch.
4.6.4.4 Services Distributed via OSP Cabling
At CWU, the various services carried via OSP cabling are distributed differently
depending on the type of service and the type of building as described below. These
issues may affect the cabling to be installed on a project.
4.6.4.4.1 Administrative/Academic Telephone Services
A.
Telephone services are generally provided centrally at the Computer Center

and then distributed campus-wide to campus buildings via the OSP cabling
infrastructure.
B.
CWU uses Voice-over IP (VOIP) on campus where it is justified. Where VOIP

is used, it is distributed via fiber to each building rather than copper backbone
cabling.
The Designer shall inquire on a project-by-project basis whether fiber for

VOIP or whether copper-based telephone services will be provided, which
may affect the number of fiber strands and copper pairs to be installed.
4.6.4.4.2 Student Telephone Services

A.
Student telephone services are generally provided directly to each residential

building by Ellensburg Telephone. Each residential building has its own
demarc. Recently, however, CWU has provided analog voice services using
CWUs PBX to students in Kamola and Sue Lombard via copper OSP cabling.
B.
The Designer shall inquire on a project-by-project basis whether CWU will

provide telephone services for a Residence Hall or whether it will be
necessary to coordinate with Ellensburg Telephone to provide telephone
services.
At this point, CWU intends to continue using standard analog telephone for
student residences. There is no intention to use VOIP for students.
4.6.4.4.3 Administrative/Academic Cable Television Services

Cable television services are generally provided centrally at the Library building
(Media Equipment Services) and then distributed campus-wide to campus buildings
via the coaxial and fiber optic OSP cabling infrastructure.
The Designer shall inquire on a project-by-project basis whether OSP coaxial

cabling, OSP fiber optic cabling or ISP coaxial cabling will be required under the
project for television distribution to a building.
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TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOMS AND ENCLOSURES
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM LOCATION
4.6.4.4.4 Student Cable Television Services

Student cable television services are generally provided directly to each residential
building by Charter Telecommunications. Each residential building has its own
television demarc locations, and the utility provides its own OSP service cable to the
building.
The Designer shall inquire on a project-by-project basis whether coordination

with the utility is required and whether inside plant coaxial cabling will be
required under the project for cable television distribution inside the building.
4.6.4.4.5 Campus Network and Internet Services

Network and Internet services are generally provided centrally at the Computer
Center and then distributed campus-wide to campus buildings via the OSP cabling
infrastructure.
4.7 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOMS AND ENCLOSURES

Please refer to the Telecommunications Rooms and Enclosures section of the BICSI
TDMM for general information regarding the design of telecommunications rooms.
The following requirements take precedence over the BICSI TDMM guidelines for
A.
In CWU facilities, the TRs in a building may also serve as low voltage systems
equipment rooms, typically containing electronic equipment intended to serve
the building or a portion of the building. The TR shall not be shared with
electrical installations other than those necessary for telecommunications.
B.
Telecommunications rooms that contain intermediate cross-connects (ICs),

while recognized by the ANSI/TIA/EIA standards, shall not be utilized. ICs
contribute significantly to the total cost of ownership for a system and
therefore are not allowed by CWU.
4.7.1 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM LOCATION

A.
The Designer shall be responsible to inform the Architect of the sizing and
location requirements for Telecommunications Rooms during the Schematic
Design phase of the project.
B.
The most desirable location for telecommunications rooms is to be located as

centrally and as closely as possible to the area being served. In addition, for
multi-story buildings, telecommunications spaces shall be vertically aligned
wherever possible. This allows for clean, vertical pathway to be easily
provided to each space. It also reduces the number of bends and offsets that
the intra-building backbone pathway must undergo as it connects each of the
telecommunications rooms. In light remodel projects, this requirement may
be waived due to budget or space availability limitations. Please see the
discussion in the Intra-building Backbone Pathways section in this document
for further information.
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DESIGN CRITERIA
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM SIZING
C.
There shall be a minimum of one TR per building. Additional TRs shall be

added when the area to be served exceeds 10,000 square feet or where the
cable lengths will exceed 295 feet between a TR and the work area
telecommunications outlet, including allowance for cable slack loops.
Generally, each floor of a building shall be served by a TR located on that
floor.
D.
Telecommunications Rooms shall not be co-located with any type of electrical

room, mechanical room, and shall not be located directly adjacent to these
rooms. The TR location shall maintain the separation distances identified in
the Electromagnetic Compatibility subsection of this document.
4.7.1.1 TRs Serving Computer Labs

A.
Prior to starting a cabling design for a computer lab, the Designer shall meet
with CWU to determine whether to follow the CWU-standard practice of using
termination blocks for terminating horizontal cabling (see Horizontal Crossconnects (HC), below), or whether a small rack-mounted Category 6 patch
panel system is desired for terminating horizontal cabling serving the
computer lab. A patch panel system might give the Instructor more flexibility
in configuring the lab network, as well as the ability to easily disconnect the
computer lab network from the building network when required. This issue
will be addressed on a case-by-case basis.
B.
There are two options for a cabling and equipment rack serving a computer
lab. In either case, the rack shall be provided with standard intra-building
backbone cabling.
1. An enclosed, lockable cabinet (either free-standing or wall-mounted)
located within the computer lab.
2. A free-standing rack or wall-mounted swing rack located in a small
telecommunications room adjoining and dedicated to the computer lab.
4.7.2 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM SIZING

A.
Inadequately sized telecommunications spaces are generally not acceptable.

However, reach-in closets and small room designs for light remodel
construction projects may be considered through the ADR process.
B.
Telecommunications room sizing shall be increased if other low voltage

systems equipment is intended to be hosted in the TR, for example fire alarm
panels, security system equipment, etc. The Designer shall seek input from
the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist regarding room sizing.
4.7.3 ARCHITECTURAL PROVISIONING

A.
The Designer shall be responsible to inform the Architect of the architectural

provisioning requirements for Telecommunications Rooms and to do this early
in the Design Development phase of the project.
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DESIGN CRITERIA
B.
The Designer shall be responsible to review project documents and determine

that the architectural requirements for the telecommunications spaces are
met as described in this document. For projects where an architect is
involved, the Designer shall coordinate directly with the architect, and verify
that the architects design documentation meets these requirements. For
projects without an architect, the Designer shall alert CWU where additional
architectural adjustments are needed to meet the requirements.
C.
Doors shall open out from telecommunications spaces wherever possible and
shall be a minimum of 36 wide and 80 high, fitted with a lock. Coordinate
lock and key requirements with CWU. Doors shall be located in hallways or
other common areas. Telecommunications room doors shall never be located
in another building occupants designated space.
D.
Minimum clearance height within a telecommunications space shall be 8 feet.

False ceilings (t-bar ceilings, ceiling grids, etc.) shall not be installed in
telecommunications spaces. The floor, walls, and ceiling shall be sealed to
reduce dust.
E.
Finishes shall be light in color to enhance room lighting. Flooring materials

shall be light colored, fire retardant and slip resistant carpet is not
acceptable for telecommunications rooms.
F.
The walls in telecommunications rooms shall be covered with plywood

backboards. The plywood shall be painted with two coats of white, fire
retardant paint. The plywood shall not be fire retardant (fire retardant paint
tends to flake off of fire retardant plywood).
Plywood backboards shall extend from the floor to a height of eight feet
above the finished floor.
In TRs where the power conduits are retrofitted in a surface mounted

fashion, it may be convenient to mount the plywood at a height of 6
above the finished floor, extending to 86 above the finished floor. The
6 space below the backboard can then be used to route the power
conduits to the outlets without obstructing plywood backboard space.
4.7.4 ENVIRONMENTAL PROVISIONING

A.
The Designer shall be responsible to inform the Mechanical Engineer of the

environmental provisioning requirements for Telecommunications Rooms and
to do this early in the Design Development phase of the project.
B.
The Designer shall be responsible to determine that the mechanical (HVAC,

fire suppression, etc.) requirements for the telecommunications spaces are
met as described in this document. For projects where a Mechanical Engineer
is involved, the Designer shall coordinate directly with the engineer, and
verify that the engineers design documentation meets these requirements.
For projects without the involvement of a Mechanical Engineer, the Designer
shall alert CWU where adjustments to the mechanical infrastructure are
needed to meet the requirements.
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DESIGN CRITERIA
C.
The Designer shall coordinate with the Mechanical Engineer to ensure that the
HVAC requirements for the telecommunications spaces are met and also that
HVAC ductwork and motors do not conflict with cable tray or conduit routing.
D.
In addition to the requirements in the BICSI TDMM, telecommunications

rooms shall be environmentally provisioned as follows:
1. A fundamental design assumption is that all TRs will at some time contain
active electronic equipment (hubs, routers, switches, etc.) even if the
current design does not call for such devices. Network electronics require
an HVAC system capable of operating on a 24 hours-per-day, 365 daysper-year basis. If the building system cannot assure continuous cooling
operation, a stand-alone unit shall be provided for the TR. In addition, a
positive pressure differential with respect to surrounding areas is required
to help keep dust and other particles out of the room.
2. Minimum clearance height in the TR shall be eight feet without
obstructions.
3. Fire suppression system sprinklers shall be equipped with wire cages
under the sprinkler heads to prevent accidental discharge. Drainage
troughs shall be placed under sprinkler pipes to prevent leakage onto the
equipment within the room.
4.7.5 FLOOR-STANDING EQUIPMENT RACKS AND CABINETS

A.
Each telecommunications room shall be provisioned with a minimum of one

floor-standing 7 high x 19 wide ANSI/TIA/EIA standard open-frame
equipment rack, regardless of whether or not equipment is required at the
time of construction.
For light remodel construction, this requirement may be waived given

budget, project size, or other limiting factors. The use of a wall-mounted
swing rack or a wall-mounted hinged bracket may be acceptable, subject
to CWU approval via the ADR process.
B.
36 clearances are required surrounding racks, cabinets and any equipment

that may be mounted in the racks, as required by code. See the sample
telecommunications room plan drawing in the Appendix for further
information.
C.
Racks shall be sized to accommodate, at a minimum, all existing and new

equipment that is to be installed in the rack plus an additional 50% of space
for additional equipment that may be added in the future. If a rack is more
than 50% full at design time, a spare rack shall be specified.
4.7.5.1
A.
Floor-standing Equipment Racks

Floor standing racks shall be securely bolted to the floor, and shall be braced
to the wall with cable ladder racking. Multiple racks in the same TR shall be
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DESIGN CRITERIA
interconnected with cable ladder racks.

B.
To provide the required clearances, rack locations shall be designed to have

72 of clear space between the front of the rack and the wall behind the rack.
Also, a workspace access clearance of 36 is required on one side of an aisle
of racks. The Designer shall discuss with CWU the potential for future
requirements for additional racks, and identify spaces for future racks on the
plan drawings. See the sample telecommunications room plan drawing in the
Appendix for further information.
C.
Racks shall be equipped with horizontal and vertical wire management

modules both front and rear with strain relief brackets to support proper cable
bend radius and to maintain strain relief for the cabling.
D.
Some IT equipment requires an equipment rack with both front and rear
mounting rails. The Designer shall discuss with CWU the network electronics
that will be hosted in each rack in each TR and shall show this equipment on
the rack elevation details in the plan drawings.
4.7.5.2
Telecommunications Cabinets
A.
When planning the size and location of TRs in existing buildings, the Designer
shall make every reasonable effort to meet the requirements for
telecommunications rooms. In certain instances, the only viable alternative
may be the use of one or several telecommunications cabinets in lieu of TRs.
B.
In light remodel projects, some buildings may not justify a separate room as
the telecommunications room. In some circumstances, sufficient space may
not be available for a telecommunications room. In these instances, a wallmounted or floor-standing telecommunications cabinet may be used.
C.
Wall-mounted cabinets shall be double-hinged to permit access to both the

front and rear of the equipment. Care shall be taken to specify cabinets with
strong hinges that do not begin to sag over time due to the weight of the
cabinets contents. Telecommunications cabinets shall be constructed of
heavy gauge steel, and be lockable.
D.
Cabinets shall be sized to allocate space for cabling termination infrastructure,

network electronics, and UPS equipment, and shall also include space
allocated for future growth. Wall space shall be allocated to permit cabinets
to fully swing open.
E.
Cabinets shall be equipped with horizontal wire management modules with

strain relief brackets to support proper cable bend radius and to maintain
strain relief for the cabling.
F.
Power and telecommunications cables for equipment housed within the

cabinet are to be contained within the cabinet. Exposed wiring or cables are
not permitted. Power and telecommunications cables routed to or from the
cabinet shall be contained in conduit, surface mounted raceway, or concealed
within the adjacent wall.
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DESIGN CRITERIA
POWER REQUIREMENTS
G.
Each cabinet shall be vented and shall be equipped with cooling fans. Vent
filters shall be provided wherever appropriate to minimize the entrance of
dust and foreign materials.
H.
Each cabinet shall have a telecommunications main grounding busbar (TMGB)

installed inside, in accordance with the grounding requirements discussed in
Chapter 17 of the BICSI TDMM.
I.
The cabinet shall not be located in or adjacent to areas containing sources of

electromagnetic interference (EMI). See the Electromagnetic Compatibility
section (above) for further information.
4.7.6 POWER REQUIREMENTS

A.
The Designer shall be responsible to determine that the power requirements

for the telecommunications spaces are met as described in this document.
For projects where an electrical engineer is involved, the Designer shall
coordinate directly with the engineer, and verify that the engineers design
documentation meets these requirements. For projects without the
involvement of an electrical engineer, the Designer shall alert CWU where
additional power infrastructure is needed to meet the requirements.
B.
Electrical plans for new or altered electrical installations in some CWU

facilities must be reviewed by the Washington State Department of Labor and
Industries and approved prior to construction, per WAC 296-46B-010.
4.7.6.1
A.
Paragraph 14 (a) of this WAC requirement defines the applicable facility

types as follows: Educational facility refers to a building or portion of a
building used primarily for educational purposes by six or more persons at
one time for twelve hours per week or four hours in any one day.
Educational occupancy includes: Schools (preschool through grade
twelve), colleges, academies, universities, and trade schools.
Technical Power Panels

The technical power circuits in each telecommunications room shall originate
from a technical power panel, dedicated to serving the TR. In the absence of
other influencing circumstances, the panel shall be sized for 100 amp service.
The technical power panel shall not be used to supply power to sources of
electromagnetic interference such as large electric motors, arc welding, or
industrial equipment. The power panel shall be located in the TR or in close
proximity to the TR. The technical power panel shall be labeled
Telecommunications Equipment Only.
If standby generator power is available to the facility, the TR technical

power panel shall be served by the generator.
Some circumstances might not justify a dedicated technical power panel.

In these cases, an available general-purpose electrical panel may be used.
The Designer shall seek direction from CWU regarding a decision to not
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DESIGN CRITERIA
POWER REQUIREMENTS
design a dedicated technical power panel.

B.
4.7.6.2
A.
Where telecommunications cabinets are used in lieu of a TR, an available

general-purpose power panel may be used to support the telecommunications
cabinet power outlet. However, the power panel shall not be used to supply
power to sources of electromagnetic interference such as large electric
motors, arc welding, or industrial equipment. The power panel shall be
located in close proximity to the cabinet.
Technical Power Outlets
Duplex power outlets (120VAC / 20 Ampere) shall be provided for exclusive
use by telecommunications related electronic equipment and shall be supplied
by circuits that are dedicated to telecommunications uses only.
Outlets shall be colored orange, labeled as Technical Power and shall

show the panel and circuit numbers.
Technical power outlets shall be equipped for straight-blade plugs
(NEMA 5-20R), rather than twist-lock style receptacles.
Each outlet shall be equipped with a dedicated #12 AWG insulated solid
copper equipment-grounding conductor.
At least three circuits shall be provided for technical power to each
telecommunications room and up to three outlets may be combined on
any one circuit.
Alternate the outlets amongst the different circuits so that adjacent
outlets are not on the same circuit.
B.
The Designer shall obtain connection/load requirements from CWU for each
piece of equipment, and tabulate the information for review and confirmation
by CWU. This equipment may include network electronics, UPS equipment,
computers/servers, phone system equipment, voice mail systems, video
equipment and service provider equipment.
C.
The Designer shall specifically investigate the potential need for voltage or
ampere requirements other than the typical 120VAC / 20 Ampere power
outlet. Some UPS and network switch equipment requires specialized plugs
or electrical service. The Designer shall inquire with CWU ITS to determine
whether any dedicated or specialized circuit requirements exist.
4.7.6.2.1 For New Construction and Full Remodel

A.
Each telecommunications cabinet shall be equipped with a minimum of one

duplex technical power outlet installed inside, near the bottom of the cabinet.
B.
Faceplates for power receptacles and light switches in the TR shall be

mounted at the surface of the plywood backboard (as opposed to being
recessed into a cutout in the plywood backboard).
4.7.6.2.1.1 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOMS WITH ONE OR TWO FLOOR-STANDING RACKS
A.
One duplex technical power outlet per floor-standing rack shall be provided to
serve each rack. The outlet(s) shall be mounted on the side wall nearest the
racks approximately 18 inches behind the rack. Technical power outlets shall
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DESIGN CRITERIA
POWER REQUIREMENTS
be mounted at the standard mounting height above the finished floor.

B.
The rack nearest the wall is expected to host a rack-mounted UPS at the base
of the rack as well as a 72 vertical power strip attached to the vertical cable
management on the non-wall side of the rack. The UPS will plug into the
duplex power outlet, and the power strip will plug into the UPS.
C.
Electronic equipment in the second rack is typically powered by the vertical

power strip. However, if necessary another UPS can be installed in the base
of the second rack and the power cord can be routed beneath the first UPS to
the second rack-dedicated technical power outlet.
D.
Typically, the contractor is required to furnish and install the vertical power
strip, and CWU furnishes and installs the UPS equipment.
E.
For racks where CWU intends to install equipment with dual-redundant power
supplies, two duplex technical power outlets with separate circuits shall be
provided for those racks. The Designer shall inquire with CWU whether
equipment with dual power supplies will be used.
4.7.6.2.1.2 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOMS WITH MORE THAN TWO FLOOR-STANDING RACKS
A.
The first two racks are served as described above.
B.
A dedicated duplex technical power outlet (pedestal style) shall be floormounted near the vertical cable management of each additional rack.
C.
Conduit for each pedestal outlet shall be concealed in the floor where
possible. Otherwise, the conduit shall be routed exposed from the wall to the
pedestal, above the base-plates of the first and second racks. The bottom
rack spaces (reserved for UPS equipment) shall not be obstructed by the
power conduit.
4.7.6.2.1.3 OTHER TECHNICAL POWER OUTLETS
In addition to the outlets intended to serve the racks, a minimum of one duplex
technical power outlet shall be provided per wall (centered on the wall) except for
the wall adjacent to the racks. For walls more than 10 in length a minimum of 2
outlets shall be provided, and at intervals of no more than 6 feet between outlets.
4.7.6.2.2 For Light Remodel Projects
A.
The design shall include technical power outlets according to the new
construction requirements, wherever possible. However, for some projects it
may not be realistic or practical to meet those requirements. The following
two paragraphs describe an alternative arrangement of technical power
outlets that may be approved on a project-by-project basis via the ADR
process:
If it is not practical to install a new power outlet at the base of each

equipment rack, it may be acceptable to serve the racks power needs
from a wall-mounted outlet.
If power outlets are not installed at the base of each rack, the number of
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DESIGN CRITERIA
EQUIPMENT ROOMS
wall-mounted technical power outlets shall be increased to an interval of

one outlet every 4 feet. Power outlets in this arrangement shall be
located such that they are conveniently aligned with the equipment racks
to avoid inadvertent disconnection of the power cords.
B.
4.7.6.3
In light remodel projects where telecommunications backboards are applied

to existing walls with existing power outlets and light switches, the design
shall require backboards to be provided with cutouts permitting access to the
existing electrical devices.
Additional Convenience Power Outlets
A.
In addition to the technical power outlets described above, the design shall
require the Contractor to provide other duplex convenience outlets (120VAC,
15 Ampere) that would be available for use with power tools and testing
equipment. Each outlet shall be labeled with its panel identification and
circuit number.
B.
Where telecommunications cabinets are used in lieu of a TR, there shall be at

least one general-purpose convenience power outlet (120VAC, 15 Ampere)
located within six feet of each telecommunications cabinet. This outlet shall
be colored consistently with other convenience outlets in the building. The
general-purpose outlet shall not be used to power telecommunications
equipment associated with the cabinet.
4.7.7 GROUNDING, BONDING, AND ELECTRICAL PROTECTION

All equipment racks, metallic conduits and exposed non-current carrying metal parts
of telecommunications and information technology equipment in the TR shall be
bonded to the TMGB. Refer to the Grounding, Bonding and Electrical Protection
section of the BICSI TDMM and this document for more information regarding the
design of grounding, bonding and electrical protection systems.
4.8 EQUIPMENT ROOMS

Please refer to the Equipment Rooms section of the BICSI TDMM for general
information regarding the design of equipment rooms. The following requirements
take precedence over the BICSI TDMM guidelines for telecommunications
infrastructure at CWU facilities:
A.
The main telecommunications Equipment Room (ER) at CWUs Ellensburg

campus is called the Computer Center and is also known by the nickname
Wildcat. This facility is dedicated to telecommunications functions and
houses the main telecommunications cabling cross connection facilities, the
main network switch and server equipment, and the telephone system PBX
and voice mail equipment. At remote campuses where CWU has facilities,
similar main telecommunications equipment rooms also exist.
Design of a new equipment room serving an entire campus (for example

replacing the Computer Center, or at a remote campus) is considered to
be a relatively rare project and is not anticipated in the foreseeable future.
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DESIGN CRITERIA
EQUIPMENT ROOMS
EQUIPMENT ROOM LOCATION
This document may not completely describe the design guidelines for such
a significant project. If such a project is undertaken, close consultation
with CWU ITS staff is required on all aspects of the project.
Access to the Computer Center is strictly controlled for security purposes.

For project work inside the building, advance written notice shall be given
to CWU ITS and the activities shall be scheduled to coordinate with
operations in the building.
B.
Typically, CWU incorporates the building-level equipment room functions into

the main telecommunications room for the building, and does not usually
create a separate equipment room space. As a result, the size of the main
telecommunications room in a building shall be upsized to support the
equipment room functions. On a project-by-project basis, the Designer shall
seek the direction of the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist regarding the
sizing necessary to accommodate the equipment intended to be housed in the
space.
C.
The requirements in the Telecommunications Rooms and Enclosures section

(above) shall be followed for designing equipment rooms in CWU facilities.
D.
The remainder of the Equipment Room section of this document (below)

describes the additional requirements that shall be considered for applicability
to the equipment room functions within a buildings main telecommunications
room. The Designer shall seek direction from the CWU ITS Infrastructure
Specialist regarding whether specific requirements shall apply on a projectby-project basis.
4.8.1 EQUIPMENT ROOM LOCATION

A.
CWU hosts all telecommunications equipment, including voice, data, and

video, in a single equipment room. A separate room for each of these
functions is undesirable.
B.
The ER shall be located within the main telecommunications room and

entrance facility creating a single telecommunications space serving all three
functions.
If a co-located ER is not practical/possible, the ER shall be located within

close proximity to the telecommunications entrance facility and the main
telecommunications room.
C.
In new construction, the ER shall be provisioned to host the major voice,

data, and video equipment required to support the building or campus, and
the other computer based and networked low voltage systems. In a full
remodel or light remodeling project with existing facilities, every reasonable
effort shall be made to co-locate these systems in a common equipment
room.
D.
The ER shall not be located in any of the locations listed below:

1. Areas subject to water or steam infiltration, particularly basements. A
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DESIGN CRITERIA
EQUIPMENT ROOMS
EQUIPMENT ROOM SIZING
2.
3.
4.
5.
floor drain (with a trap primer) is required if there is any risk of water
entering the ER.
Areas exposed to excessive heat or direct sunlight.
Areas exposed to corrosive atmospheric or environmental conditions.
Near or adjacent to potential sources of electromagnetic interference
(EMI) or radio frequency interference (RFI) such as large electric motors,
power transformers, arc welding equipment, or high power radio
transmitting antennas.
In a shared space with electrical equipment other than equipment serving
the telecommunications system.
4.8.2 EQUIPMENT ROOM SIZING

A.
The first step in determining the size required for an ER, is to identify the
systems that will be installed into the ER. In this process, first identify the
size of the area that will be served from the ER. Next, identify the quantity,
size and variety of systems to be installed to support the area, and the space
required for each of the systems.
B.
The Designer shall consult with the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist to
determine any sizing requirements for the ER on a project-by-project basis.
C.
A model that CWU has used to create a preliminary forecast of the space
needed for an ER in a building is to design 0.75 ft2 of ER floor space for every
100-ft2 work area to be served in the building.
D.
Once the size and quantity of systems are identified, they shall be laid out in
a functionally efficient arrangement. Some equipment, such as WAN
equipment, LAN servers, tape backup equipment, hubs, switches, and patch
panels will require regular access, and shall be arranged in an easily
accessible manner.
E.
When laying out the arrangement of the ER, the following requirements and
issues shall be addressed:
1. Equipment shall be grouped together with like equipment (i.e., voice, data
for both LAN and WAN, video.)
2. Designate wall space and equipment rack space for each specific use.
Allocate specific backboard space for the service providers demarcation
areas and any associated equipment. The wall space allocated to the
service providers shall be located adjacent to each other on a common
wall and on a single aisle of equipment racks to concentrate the activities
of service technicians in areas away from CWU-owned systems in other
areas of the equipment room.
3. Allocate separate wall and equipment rack space for terminating and cross
connecting campus distribution cables (both copper and fiber optic).
These areas shall be located adjacent to the equipment providing the
services, such as the PBX, voice mail system, and data network
electronics.
4. Equipment racks and rack-mounted equipment shall have a minimum of
three feet of unrestricted clearance in front and back for technician
access. In smaller installations, wall mounted swing-out equipment racks
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DESIGN CRITERIA
EQUIPMENT ROOMS
can be used to save space, but shall have a three-foot clearance to the
front of the rack. Note that some LAN equipment may be large, or may
require clearance at both the front and back, and wall mounted swing-out
racks may not be appropriate.
F.
Once an acceptable equipment layout is developed, the size of the equipment

room can be calculated. The design shall include a minimum of 25% vacant
space for future growth.
G.
Equipment rooms shall be sized with at least 150 ft2 of usable floor space.
H.
The CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist shall approve the final space
requirements and design layout for the equipment and racks.
4.8.3 ARCHITECTURAL PROVISIONING

Equipment room floors shall be structurally designed to accommodate the heaviest
equipment intended for the space or BICSIs 250 lb/ft2 guideline, whichever is
greater.
In large equipment rooms, a raised access floor is required. The raised floor shall
have a minimum of 8 inches clearance to the base floor, and shall not be used as
an air plenum. If raised access flooring used, the ceiling height must be raised to
maintain a minimum clearance of 8 feet. The Designer shall inquire with CWU to
determine whether an access floor is desired.
4.8.4 ENVIRONMENTAL PROVISIONING

Where fire suppression sprinklers are used, sprinklers shall be equipped with wire
cages under the sprinkler heads to prevent accidental discharge. Drainage troughs
shall be placed under the sprinkler pipes to prevent leakage onto the equipment
within the room.
4.8.5 FLOOR-STANDING EQUIPMENT RACKS

Some IT equipment requires an equipment rack with both front and rear mounting
rails. The Designer shall discuss with CWU the network electronics that will be
hosted in each rack in each ER and shall show this equipment on the rack elevation
details in the plan drawings. The Designer shall also discuss with CWU the potential
for future additional racks, and identify spaces for the future racks on the plan
drawings
4.8.6 TELECOMMUNICATIONS CABINETS

A.
Other styles of equipment racks and cabinets might be used in the ER, some
of which may be proprietary to a particular system or service provider. The
Designer shall plan the ER layout to make allowances for proprietary cabinets
and racks, and allow expansion room for future equipment.
B.
Floor-standing cabinets shall have front and rear hinged doors to permit
access to both the front and rear of the equipment. Telecommunications
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DESIGN CRITERIA
EQUIPMENT ROOMS
POWER REQUIREMENTS
cabinets shall be constructed of heavy gauge steel. The side panels of the
cabinet shall be removable for maintenance accessibility.
C.
Each cabinet shall be vented and where appropriate shall be equipped with
cooling fans.
4.8.7 POWER REQUIREMENTS

4.8.7.1
Technical Power Panels
A.
A separate supply circuit serving the room shall be provided and terminated
in its own electrical panel located in the ER. This power panel shall be
designated as ER Technical Power. The ER technical power panel shall be
used exclusively for supplying power to electronics equipment in the
equipment room. Sizing of electrical power supply is dependent upon the
equipment types and equipment load, and shall be calculated on a case-bycase basis, including sufficient spare capacity for future growth.
B.
The technical power circuits in each ER shall originate from a technical power
panel, dedicated to serving the ER. The technical power panel shall not be
used to supply power to sources of electromagnetic interference such as large
electric motors, arc welding, or industrial equipment.
C.
If standby generator power is available to the facility, the ER technical power

panel shall be linked to the standby generator power supply.
D.
Power for critical network components such as servers, routers, switches, and
telephone systems shall always be provided through at least one
uninterruptible power supply (UPS).
E.
Generally speaking, CWU does not use centralized UPS equipment. However,
if CWU wishes to use a centralized UPS, the following requirements shall be
met:
Some centralized UPS vent noxious battery gasses. The UPS shall
therefore be housed in a room that is equipped to properly vent the
gasses. Centralized UPSs shall not be located within the ER itself. Rooms
housing centralized UPS systems shall have the same environmental
provisioning features as the ER.
Some battery manufacturers claim that valve-regulated lead acid batteries

do not emit gasses and therefore might not require mechanical systems
for venting battery gasses. The Designer shall evaluate such claims for
applicability on each project.
The UPS battery bank shall be sized to provide a minimum of two hours
of run time for the supported low voltage systems hardware. The
Designer shall request direction from the CWU ITS Infrastructure
Specialist regarding project specific needs for increased the run time.
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DESIGN CRITERIA
EQUIPMENT ROOMS
4.8.7.2
Upon installation, a qualified electrician shall test new centralized UPS

units for correct output voltage prior to connecting electronic equipment.
Centralized UPS equipment shall be provided with a network interface card

so that the UPS can communicate via the network with servers and other
equipment to orchestrate a coordinated safe-shutdown of the equipment
in the event of an extended power outage. The telecommunications
cabling design shall require a telecommunications outlet located in the
centralized UPS room near each UPS to support the UPS network
connection.
Technical Power Outlets
A.
Generally, the power outlet requirements that are applicable to

telecommunications rooms are also applicable to equipment rooms. Technical
power outlets shall be provided as described in the Telecommunications
Rooms and Enclosures section (above).
B.
The Designer shall obtain connection/load requirements from CWU for each
piece of equipment, and tabulate the information for review and confirmation
by CWU. This equipment may include network electronics, UPS equipment,
computers/servers, phone system equipment, voice mail systems, video
equipment and service provider equipment.
C.
Some telephone PBX equipment, UPS equipment and network switch

equipment require specialized plugs or electrical service. The Designer shall
specifically investigate the potential need for voltage or ampere requirements
other than the typical 120VAC / 20 Ampere power outlet, and shall coordinate
with the design team to design the electrical power infrastructure to serve the
needs of the equipment.
4.8.7.2.1 For Remodel Projects

If an equipment room is truly required in a remodel project, budget limitations and
other constraints should be resolved through actions that do not deviate from
meeting the requirements of this document. In particular, the electrical power
requirements of equipment in an equipment room shall not be discounted or taken
lightly.
4.8.7.3
Convenience Power Outlets
Convenience power outlets shall be provided as described (above) in the

Telecommunications Rooms and Enclosures section.
4.8.8 GROUNDING, BONDING, AND ELECTRICAL PROTECTION

All equipment racks, metallic conduits and exposed non-current carrying metal parts
of telecommunications and information technology equipment in the ER shall be
bonded to the TMGB. Please refer to the Grounding, Bonding and Electrical
Protection section of the BICSI TDMM and this document for more information
regarding the design of grounding, bonding and electrical protection systems.
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DESIGN CRITERIA
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENTRANCE FACILITIES & TERMINATION
The ER have a dedicated/isolated ground wire routed inside a metallic conduit

directly from the main electrical service-grounding electrode for PBX equipment.
This ground wire is in addition to and separate from the telecommunications
grounding system.
4.9 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENTRANCE FACILITIES & TERMINATION

Please refer to the Telecommunications Entrance Facilities & Termination section of
the BICSI TDMM for general information regarding the design of telecommunications
entrance facilities. The following requirements take precedence over the BICSI
TDMM guidelines for telecommunications infrastructure at CWU facilities:
A.
The entrance facility (EF) shall be located within the buildings equipment
room or main telecommunications room.
In light remodel projects, it is possible that the EF may already exist and
that it is expected to be reused. This may be acceptable if the size is
appropriate, if there is sufficient environmental provisioning, and if
adequate separation from sources of EMI is maintained. It may be
desirable to extend the incoming entrance conduits (using rigid galvanized
steel conduit) from a non-telecommunications space to a dedicated
telecommunications room.
B.
OSP conduits shall be extended into the entrance facility to the point that no
more than fifty feet of outdoor-rated cabling is exposed, including slack loops
and termination. Fire-rated tape wrap is not acceptable. For more
information, see the Inter-Building (Campus) Backbone Pathways section and
the Inter-Building (Campus) Backbone Cabling section, above.
C.
Ducts shall enter the entrance facility parallel to the backboard to be used perpendicular entry may cause cables to sharply bend beyond their minimum
allowable bend radius.
4.10 GROUNDING BONDING AND ELECTRICAL PROTECTION

Please refer to the Grounding, Bonding and Electrical Protection section of the BICSI
TDMM for general information regarding the design of grounding, bonding and
electrical protection systems. See also the Grounding, Bonding and Electrical
Protection section of the BICSI CO-OSP for more information. The following
requirements take precedence over the BICSI TDMM guidelines for
A.
A Telecommunications Main Grounding Busbar (TMGB) shall be installed at an

accessible and convenient location in each Entrance Facility. A
Telecommunications Grounding Busbar (TGB) shall be installed at an
accessible and convenient location in each Equipment Room and
Telecommunications Room. TMGBs and TGBs shall be sized to accommodate
30% future growth.
B.
A green-insulated copper cable (sized between a minimum of #6 AWG and a

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DESIGN CRITERIA
FIRESTOPPING
maximum of 3/0 AWG) shall be provided between each TGB and TMGB and
from the TMGB to the building main electrical service ground electrode. The
Designer shall evaluate the grounding cable size that will be appropriate for
each application.
C.
Generally, grounding and bonding infrastructure shall be installed by the

contractor. However, for light remodel construction, the Designer shall
coordinate with CWU electricians who may install and connect the ground wire
between the existing building ground and the Contractor-installed grounding
busbar in a telecommunications room.
D.
While CWU does not permit telecommunications design solutions to include

splices to fiber optic cabling and also prefers that copper backbone cabling
not be spliced, occasionally it becomes necessary to splice cables. Where any
splices are made to backbone cables, the metallic shields of those cables shall
be bonded together to maintain shield continuity and shall also be bonded to
ground at splice locations.
4.11 FIRESTOPPING
Please refer to the Firestopping section of the BICSI TDMM for general information
regarding the design of firestopping for telecommunications infrastructure. The
following requirements take precedence over the BICSI TDMM guidelines for
A.
Penetrations through fire-rated walls and floors shall be firestopped in

accordance with the requirements of the manufacturer of the firestopping
materials and satisfy local code officials.
B.
The Designer shall avoid design solutions calling for penetration of fire-rated
walls and floors when other reasonable cable-routing options exist.
4.12 FIELD TESTING

Please refer to the Field Testing section of the BICSI TDMM for general information
regarding the field-testing of telecommunications cabling. The following
requirements take precedence over the BICSI TDMM guidelines for field-testing at
CWU facilities:
A.
The Designer shall review the cable test results submitted by the Contractor.
The test results shall be the actual native machine test results downloaded
from the test equipment. In particular, the Designer shall check for the
following items on the cable test reports:
Indications that the cabling has successfully passed the testing

Indications that the cabling meets distance limitation requirements
Indications that the wire-map of the cable is correct
Indications that the cable test equipment was properly configured. For
copper cabling, the test equipments configuration parameter for Nominal
Velocity of Propagation (NVP) shall match the value stated by the cabling
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DESIGN CRITERIA
SPECIAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
manufacturer for the type of cable installed.

B.
The cabling performance characteristics shall meet or exceed the performance

guaranteed by the manufacturer, which may exceed standard industry
requirements. In other words, even though a particular cable might pass its
tests, the cable might still be rejected (requiring re-termination or
replacement) if it does not meet the higher standard of performance that the
manufacturer may list for its products.
C.
The final test results shall have been verified by the Designer to be acceptable
before submission to CWU. Test results shall be submitted to CWU in both
electronic and paper forms.
4.13 SPECIAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

Please refer to the Special Design Considerations section of the BICSI TDMM for
information regarding the design of telecommunications infrastructure in accordance
with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements at CWU facilities.
The Designer shall request guidance from CWU regarding the requirements for any
special design considerations, including:
Coin-operated and other public-use telephones within CWU facilities.
Spaces within CWU facilities intended to include Americans with Disabilities Act
(ADA) features.
4.14 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ADMINISTRATION

Please refer to the Telecommunications Administration section of the BICSI TDMM
for general information regarding the documentation and labeling of
telecommunications infrastructure. The following requirements take precedence over
the BICSI TDMM guidelines for telecommunications infrastructure at CWU facilities:
4.14.1
A.
The identifier is the unique name or description assigned to a

telecommunications infrastructure component. The Designer shall assign
identifiers to the telecommunications infrastructure components listed below
and clearly show the identifier assignments on the Construction Documents.
B.
While it is the Contractors responsibility to provide marked-up drawings to

the Designer indicating any construction-related changes to the identifiers,
the Designer shall verify that the identifiers are clearly and accurately shown
on the record drawings.
C.
Telecommunications components shall not be labeled with an applicationspecific identifier. Ports shall not be labeled with the name or function of the
device that is served by the port (server names, computer types. Also, the
use of V-# and D-# are inconsistent with the industry standard-based
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DESIGN CRITERIA
philosophy of designing cabling systems that are independent of the

application, and are therefore not permitted.
D.
The TCGS contains a comprehensive listing of the identification strategy

requirements, including some items that are not addressed below. The items
listed below shall be shown on the Construction Documents, whereas the
TCGS includes some identification and labeling requirements that do not
typically appear on the Construction Documents.
4.14.1.1 New Telecommunications Distribution Systems

The Designer shall assign the identifiers to the telecommunications components
based on the following identification strategy:
A.
Maintenance holes and handholes shall be named by CWU. The Designer

shall not assign names or numbers to maintenance holes or handholes but
instead shall contact CWUs Facility Management Department and obtain
authorized identifiers from the Campus Utility Map system. The authorized
identifiers are automatically generated according to CWUs two-tiered
alphanumeric grid system. The format for these identifiers shall be
A##B&& where A represents the letter of the alphabet associated with the
row in the major-grid (vertical axis) and ## represents a two-digit
number (leading 0 if necessary) associated with the column in the majorgrid (horizontal axis) wherein the maintenance hole or handhole is located.
The B represents the row (vertical axis) of a minor-grid within the major
grid and && represents a two-digit number (leading 0 if necessary)
associated with the column in the minor-grid (horizontal axis) wherein the
maintenance hole or handhole is located.
o For example, a maintenance hole or handhole located in the major-grid
square identified by the row G and the column 11 and within the
minor-grid square identified by the row O (the letter O) and the
column 2 shall be identified as G11O02 (always use two digits for the
column number). No distinction is made between maintenance holes and
handholes in the identifier scheme.
B.
Campus Backbone cables shall be named by CWU. The Designer shall not
assign names or numbers to maintenance holes or handholes but instead
shall contact CWUs Facility Management Department and obtain authorized
identifiers from the Campus Utility Map system. The authorized identifiers are
assigned in coordination with other existing cables. Campus backbone cables
shall have identifiers in the form of M## where M is either F (for fiber
backbone media) or C (for copper backbone media) and ## is a unique,
two-digit sequential cable number.
o For example: The first three outside plant fiber backbone cables designed
on a project shall be identified as F01, F02 and F03. The eleventh,
twelfth and thirteenth outside plant copper backbone cables designed on a
project shall be identified as C11, C12 and C13.
C.
Telecommunications rooms (and Equipment Rooms) shall have identifiers in

the form of FX, where F is the floor number on which the
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DESIGN CRITERIA
telecommunications rooms resides and X represents a sequentially assigned

letter to distinguish between multiple rooms on the floor.
o For example: A building with two telecommunications rooms on the third
floor would have rooms labeled 3A and 3B.
D.
Racks in telecommunications rooms shall have identifiers of the form R#

where R stands for Rack and # is the sequential rack number within a
given TR.
o For example: The first rack in a given telecommunications room would
have the label R1, the second R2 and so on.
E.
Patch Panels shall have identifiers sequentially numbered in the form of PP#
where PP stands for Patch Panel and # is the sequential patch panel
number terminated within a given telecommunications room, regardless of
media type (horizontal copper or horizontal fiber).
o For example: The first patch panel (terminating horizontal fiber optic
cabling in duplex SC ports) would be labeled PP1.
o For example: The second patch panel (terminating horizontal copper
cabling) would have the label PP2.
F.
Termination Blocks for Backbone Distribution shall have a single label affixed
above the entire termination block wall field which reads Backbone. Also,
label each termination block column within the termination block wall field in
the form TR, where TR is the telecommunications room where the
backbone cable originates (see the Telecommunications Rooms section
above). Use a new column for each telecommunications room. Do not
intermix cables from multiple telecommunications rooms in a single
termination block column.
o For example: If a termination block column on the fourth floor terminates
backbone cabling from the first floor telecommunications room, then the
column on the fourth floor would have the label 1A and the termination
block column on the first floor would have the label 4A.
G.
Termination Strips on Termination Blocks for Backbone Distribution shall have

a label of the form ### where ### denotes the sequential cable number
terminated.
o For example: A termination strip used to terminate a 12-pair backbone
cable would be labeled 001, 002, 003, 004, 005, 006, 007, 008, 009,
010, 011, 012 corresponding to the backbone cable pair numbers.
H.
Ports on Patch Panels for Horizontal Cabling are typically pre-labeled by the
manufacturer with sequential numbers (i.e. 1 to 48). For ports which are not
pre-labeled, label each port in the form ## where ## is the sequential
port number within the panel. The ports in each patch panel shall start at
number 01.
o For example: The ports on a patch panel terminating horizontal fiber
optic cabling in duplex SC ports would be labeled starting with 01 for the
first duplex port (one label per pair of fiber strands) and continue
sequentially through the remainder of the duplex ports.
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DESIGN CRITERIA
DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT
I.
Termination Blocks for Horizontal Cabling shall have a single label affixed
above the entire termination block column indicating the floor number on
which the outlets are located, whose cable terminates on that column.
o For example: A termination block column terminating workstation cables
from the second floor would have the label 2nd Floor.
J.
Termination Strips on Termination Blocks for Horizontal Cabling shall have a

label of the form ### where ### denotes the sequential cable number
terminated (see Cables, above).
o For example: Two termination strips are used to terminate 6 single gang
two jack outlets with sequential cable numbers 001 to 012. The top
termination strip pairs would be labeled 001, 003, 005, 007, 009, 011
and the bottom termination strip would be labeled 002, 004, 006, 008,
009, 012.
K.
Work Area Connectors (Ports) shall have identifiers in the form of FTR-###
where F is the floor of the telecommunications outlet where the horizontal
cable terminates, TR is the telecommunications room where the cable
terminates (see the Telecommunications Rooms section above), and ### is
the sequential cable number for that telecommunications room.
o For example: If an outlet on the third floor has a faceplate with two
copper cables (sequentially numbered 5 and 6) terminated in the second
telecommunications room on the fourth floor, then the connectors would
have the labels 34B-005 and 34B-006 respectively.
4.14.1.2 Moves, Adds and Changes (MAC)

The only exception to the above identification scheme is for small projects relating to
moves or changes to existing cabling, or the addition of new outlets terminated
among other existing cables in existing TRs. In such cases, the cable identification
scheme for the new cables shall be consistent with the existing identification
scheme.
4.15 DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Please refer to the Design, Construction and Project Management section of the
BICSI TDMM for information regarding design, construction and project management
of telecommunications infrastructure at CWU facilities.
4.16 POWER DISTRIBUTION

Please refer to the Power Distribution section of the BICSI TDMM for general
information regarding the design of power distribution for telecommunications
infrastructure. The following requirements take precedence over the BICSI TDMM
guidelines for telecommunications infrastructure at CWU facilities:
A.
The Designer shall be responsible to determine that the electrical power

distribution requirements supporting the telecommunications infrastructure
are met as described in this document.
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DESIGN CRITERIA
RESIDENTIAL CABLING
B.
For projects where an electrical engineer is involved, the Designer shall

coordinate directly with the engineer, and verify that the engineers design
documentation meets these requirements. For projects without the
involvement of an electrical engineer, the Designer shall alert CWU where
additional power infrastructure is needed to meet the requirements.
1. Please refer to the Work Areas section of the BICSI TDMM and also in the
Work Areas section this document for information on the power outlet
requirements for work areas.
2. Please refer to the Telecommunications Rooms section of the BICSI TDMM
and also in the Telecommunications Rooms section of this document for
information on the power outlet requirements for TRs.
3. Please refer to the Equipment Rooms section of the BICSI TDMM and also
in the Equipment Rooms section of this document for information on the
power outlet requirements for ERs.
4.17 RESIDENTIAL CABLING

Please refer to the Residential Cabling section of the BICSI TDMM for information
regarding the design of telecommunications infrastructure to support residential
facilities within CWU facilities.
Generally speaking, CWU-owned residential facilities shall be provided with the same
telecommunications infrastructure materials and methods as are used for all other
CWU facilities, except where specifically noted in this document. The Designer shall
inquire of CWU whether a residential cabling solution is required for a particular
project.
4.18 NETWORKING FUNDAMENTALS

Please refer to the Networking Fundamentals section of the BICSI TDMM for general
information regarding the design of telecommunications infrastructure for serving
local area networks. The following requirements take precedence over the BICSI
TDMM guidelines for telecommunications infrastructure at CWU facilities:
A.
All CWU facilities use the Ethernet LAN protocol. Telecommunications

infrastructure for all CWU facilities shall be designed, installed, and tested to
support the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) Ethernet
802.3 standards. CWU ITS is in the process of migrating to the 1000Base-X
Gigabit Ethernet protocol based on the IEEE 802.3z standard. All newly
installed cabling shall support this protocol. The Designer shall give careful
consideration to the multimode fiber optic distance limitations and signal loss
limitations (less than 2.5 dB end-to-end) necessary to support the IEEE
802.3z protocol.
B.
CWU networks are typically based on Cisco switches, with 1GB backbones and
100MB service to the work area. The Designer shall coordinate with the CWU
ITS Infrastructure Specialist to determine the requirements for supporting the
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DESIGN CRITERIA
BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEMS
network electronics in each space. The design shall include the infrastructure
for hosting this equipment.
4.19 BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEMS

Please refer to the Building Automation Systems section of the BICSI TDMM for
information regarding the design of telecommunications infrastructure to support
building automation systems at CWU facilities.
A.
ANSI/TIA/EIA-862 also applies to telecommunications infrastructure serving

building automation systems (BAS). The Designer shall pay particular
attention to the following BAS issues:
Verify that the voltage and current requirements of each BAS application
are satisfied by the cabling materials to be installed.
Verify that a suitable horizontal connection point (HCP) is installed for
each BAS application.
B.
Horizontal connection points are only required for BAS applications. Do not
use an HCP for typical voice/data/video applications.
4.20 PRIVATE CATV DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

Please refer to the Private CATV Distribution Systems section of the BICSI TDMM for
private CATV distribution systems at CWU facilities.
CWU has established a standard specification for use on its projects where television
distribution systems are required. The Designer, or others on the design team, shall
adapt this specification for use on CWUs projects. As of the writing of this
document, section 16810 is available on CWUs website at the following address:
http://www.cwu.edu/~ac/vnetspecs.pdf
4.20.1
Cable television services are generally provided centrally at the Library building
(Media Equipment Services) and then distributed campus-wide to campus buildings
via the coaxial and fiber optic OSP cabling infrastructure.
4.20.2
The Designer shall inquire on a project-by-project basis whether OSP coaxial

cabling, OSP fiber optic cabling or ISP coaxial cabling will be required under the
project to provide television distribution to a building.
Student cable television services are generally provided directly to each residential
building by Charter Telecommunications. Each residential building has its own
television demarc locations, and the utility provides its own OSP service cable to the
building.
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OVERHEAD PAGING SYSTEMS
The Designer shall inquire on a project-by-project basis whether coordination

with the utility is required and whether inside plant coaxial cabling will be
required under the project for cable television distribution inside the building.
If inside plant coaxial cabling is required, the Designer shall comply with the
requirements of the cable television utility in addition to CWUs requirements for
cable television cabling.
4.21 OVERHEAD PAGING SYSTEMS

Please refer to the Overhead Paging Systems section of the BICSI TDMM for
overhead paging systems at CWU facilities.
4.22 WIRELESS AND MICROWAVE SYSTEMS

Please refer to the Wireless and Microwave Systems section of the BICSI TDMM for
wireless and microwave telecommunications systems at CWU facilities.
A.
Goal #6 / Objective 1 of CWUs Strategic Plan of the Information Technology

Services (ITS) Department (April 2004) describes CWUs intent as follows:
Implement and expand wireless technologies in community and other
common areas.
The Designer shall work cooperatively with CWU ITS staff to design
telecommunications infrastructure to appropriately support wireless
technologies to meet the goal.
B.
The design shall comply with the guidelines in BICSIs Wireless Design
Reference Manual (WDRM).
C.
CWU has standardized on the use of Ciscos Aeronet wireless access point
equipment on campus. The manufacturers requirements shall be met when
designing wireless network infrastructure.
D.
The Designer shall coordinate with CWU ITS to identify the locations that
telecommunications outlets will be required to support wireless access points.
E.
Where Power-over-Ethernet (POE) is used to power this equipment, the

Designer shall accommodate the power supply equipment in the design.
94
CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENT CONTENT

PLANS AND DIAGRAMS
GENERAL

A.
This section of the TDDG describes the content requirements that the
Designer shall include when creating the Construction Documents7. This
content is in addition to the content found in some generally accepted
document sets.
B.
The documents produced by the Designer and the services provided by the
Designer shall comply with the requirements in the Conditions of the
Agreement and the Instructions for Architects and Engineers doing Business
with Division of Engineering and Architectural Services. In addition to these
requirements, the Designer shall also meet the requirements in this
document, including the Construction Document content requirements in this
section.
C.
Construction Documents shall communicate a fully detailed and coordinated

design (rather than making adjustments in the field during construction) and
are expected to result in reduced construction costs and fewer change orders.
The level of detail required to meet this objective may be substantially
greater than some telecommunications designers may be accustomed to
providing.
D.
The Designer shall include the following content in the Construction

Documents:
5.1 PLANS AND DIAGRAMS

5.1.1 GENERAL
A.
The drawing set shall include the following:

Cover Sheet
Sheet List
Site Map
Symbol Schedule
List of Abbreviations
Plan Sheets
Elevation Diagrams
Schematic Diagrams
Demolition
As of this writing, the Conditions of the Agreement and the Instructions for Architects and Engineers
Doing Business with Division of Engineering and Architectural Services (both published by the Washington
State Department of General Administration) make reference to the term Construction Documents.
However, the Manual of Practice from the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI) defines Construction
Documents as a subset of the Construction Documents and indicates that drawings, specifications and
other written documentation are contained within the Construction Document subset. The TDDG will use
the term Construction Documents according to CSIs definition.
95

PLANS AND DIAGRAMS
OUTSIDE PLANT TELECOMMUNICATIONS SITE PLAN DRAWINGS
B.
All plan sheets shall be scaled, shall indicate the scale and shall show a north
arrow. All plan sheets shall show a key plan when the building or site is too
big to fit on a single sheet.
C.
Telecommunications infrastructure identifiers shall be shown on the drawings

and diagrams.
5.1.2 OUTSIDE PLANT TELECOMMUNICATIONS SITE PLAN DRAWINGS

A.
Provide drawings showing a scaled telecommunications distribution site plan.

These drawings shall show the following:
Maintenance hole or handhole locations (labeled with their identifiers)

Complete ductbank routing, details and elevations
Conduit sizes, quantities and arrangements
Section cuts
Existing and new surface conditions
Outside plant copper telecommunications cabling, including pair counts
Outside plant fiber optic telecommunications cabling, including fiber types
and strand counts
Locations of buildings, roads, poles, existing underground utilities and
other obstructions
B.
These sheets should also identify coordination arrangements where conflicts

with site work for other disciplines could possibly arise, in particular indicating
the separation distances between telecommunications and power or steam.
The sequencing of site work also should be shown, if applicable.
C.
The site plan shall show the cabling from the service providers (cable
television, telephone, etc.) and shall indicate the requirements for ownerprovided maintenance holes or handholes and pathway to the point of
demarcation.
5.1.3 INSIDE PLANT TELECOMMUNICATIONS PLAN DRAWINGS

A.
Scaled plan drawings shall be provided for each building showing the
horizontal and intra-building backbone telecommunications infrastructure.
These drawings shall show the following:
B.
Routing of new pathway to be constructed during the project.

o The content of the drawings shall be coordinated with other disciplines
and shall be representative of the complete pathway route that the
Contractor shall use, rather than a schematic depiction.
o It is expected that the Designer will expend considerable coordination
effort during the design process. Non-coordinated pathway/raceway is
not acceptable to CWU.
Approximate locations of junction boxes and conduit bends.
The cable quantities and the raceway at any given point in the system.
Where new cabling will be pulled into existing conduits, the Construction
Documents shall show the routes of each existing conduit. Where it is not
96

PLANS AND DIAGRAMS
DEMOLITION
possible to determine the routing of existing conduits, the Designer shall

inform the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist and seek direction on whether to
use the existing conduits or design new conduits for use on the project.
Typically, the Designer is required to identify such conditions during field
investigation activities.
5.1.4 DEMOLITION
A.
Any existing OSP and ISP cabling intended to be no longer in use following
the installation of new cabling shall be removed (demolished) as a part of the
project.
B.
Existing cabling to be demolished shall be shown on the plans and schematic

diagrams. Separate demolition plan sheets and schematic diagrams shall be
provided for projects with extensive cable demolition.
5.1.5 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM PLAN DETAILS

A.
Construction documents for CWU projects shall show scaled plan drawing
details for the telecommunications spaces. The details shall show the
footprint and location of each of the major components in the room including
at least the following:
Backboards
Ladder Racking
Work Area
UPS Equipment
Backbone Cable Routing

Entrance Conduits
Space for Future Racks
Termination Blocks
Grounding Busbar
Space Reserved for Utility Demarc

Racks and Vertical Cable Mgmt
Space for other low voltage systems
Entrance Protection Equipment
PBX and Voice Mail Equipment
B.
For modifications to existing telecommunications rooms, it may be necessary

to provide a demolition plan.
C.
A sample telecommunications room plan diagram is included in the Appendix.
5.1.6 ELEVATION DIAGRAMS

A.
The Designer shall provide scaled wall elevation details for each TR and ER
affected by the project. The Designer shall consider (on a project-by-project
basis) whether the plan drawings are better suited for depicting the elevation
diagrams, in lieu of the Project Manual.
B.
For remodel projects, the Designer shall produce digital photographs of each
wall depicting the existing conditions where future TRs and ERs will be
located. These photos shall be provided with the wall elevation details in the
Construction Documents.
C.
The wall elevation details shall show the components that are mounted on the
walls in the room including at least the following:
97

PROJECT MANUAL
INTRA-BUILDING BACKBONE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS
D.
Backboards
Ladder Racking
Cable Slack Loops
Grounding Busbar
Existing Devices
Work Area
UPS
Entrance Pit
Backbone Cable Routing

Cable Management
Termination Blocks
Power Receptacles
Entrance Conduits
Space for Future Racks
PBX and Voice Mail
Wall-mounted Electronic Equipment

Wall-mounted Swing Racks & Contents
Racks and Vertical Cable Mgmt
Entrance Protection Equipment
Other low voltage systems
Space for Future Equipment
Space Reserved for Utility Demarc
Elevation details for each of the telecommunications racks in each TR and ER

shall also be provided. Rack elevation details shall show the racks and any
components that are mounted on or near the racks including at least the
following:
Patch Panels
UPS Equipment
Existing Devices
Shelves / Drawers
Termination Blocks
Power Receptacles
Space for Future Equipment

Electronic Equipment
Cable Management
E.
The details shall depict the telecommunications materials that are listed in the
specification.
F.
Where a project involves additions to existing racks, the elevation details shall
show the existing equipment in the racks and indicate which items are
existing, in addition to indicating which items are new, to be provided under
the Contract.
G.
Examples of rack and wall elevation details are included in the Appendix.
5.1.7 INTRA-BUILDING BACKBONE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS

A.
Where there are multiple TRs in a given building, a schematic diagram of the
intra-building backbone riser is required. The diagram shall depict the copper
backbone cable for voice and the fiber optic backbone cable for data.
B.
On projects where existing intra-building backbone cabling is to be removed,

it may be useful to provide a separate schematic diagram depicting cabling to
be demolished.
5.2 PROJECT MANUAL

A.
The Instructions for Architects and Engineers Doing Business with Division of
Engineering and Architectural Services (published by the Washington State
Department of General Administration) lists requirements for the Project
Manual. The State of Washington Conditions of the Agreement (also
published by the Washington State Department of General Administration)
lists additional requirements for the Designer.
B.
The Project Manual shall contain a summary of the telecommunications work

on the project, a description of the demolition requirements (if applicable),
and a discussion of the utility coordination requirements.
98

PROJECT MANUAL
SPECIFICATIONS
C.
In addition to these requirements, the Project Manual shall contain the

following items as described below:
Maintenance Hole/Handhole Butterfly Diagrams

Elevation Diagrams
Fiber Link-Loss Budget Analyses
Cutover Plans
5.2.1 SPECIFICATIONS
5.2.1.1
CWU Telecommunications Construction Guide Specification
A.
The CWU Telecommunications Construction Guide Specification (TCGS) is a

guide specification as opposed to a master specification. It does not include
an exhaustive listing of all possible products or installation methods that could
be employed in a telecommunications infrastructure project.
B.
The TCGS is an example of a specification that shall be used for an

infrastructure replacement project or for a new facility project. It has
verbiage that identifies issues that the Designer shall consider throughout the
adaptation process. The Designer shall adapt the sections in the TCGS to the
particular requirements of the given project.
C.
The Designer shall directly edit the TCGS for use on each project. The
Designer shall notify the CWU ITS Infrastructure Specialist where changes or
additions to the specifications are desired. Edits to the documents shall be
performed with the Revision Tracking features activated. At the various
project milestones when the documents are submitted to CWU for review, the
specifications shall be printed showing the revision markings.
D.
The Designer shall be responsible for adding any necessary content to the
specification that is applicable to the project and not already contained in the
TCGS.
E.
Please refer to the more detailed instructions contained in the TCGS, both in
the Preface of that document as well as in the hidden text comments
contained in the electronic files.
5.2.2 MAINTENANCE HOLE/HANDHOLE BUTTERFLY DIAGRAMS

A.
Butterfly diagrams are a combination of tabular information and a schematic

diagram used to organize and communicate information related to the
conduits and cabling in each maintenance hole and handhole. These
diagrams are CAD files intended to be plotted on 8 x 11 pages to be
included in the Project Manual.
B.
The Designer shall provide a set of butterfly diagrams depicting each

maintenance hole or handhole affected by the project and showing new
cabling as well as existing cabling to remain in the maintenance hole or
handhole.
99

RECORD DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTATION
CUTOVER PLAN
Ducts to be used for new cabling shall be assigned during the course of
design, not during construction. Duct assignments must be approved by
CWU prior to the release of construction documents.
C.
A second set of butterfly diagrams shall be provided for each maintenance

hole or handhole that contains existing cabling intended to be demolished
under the project.
D.
Typically, butterfly diagrams shall be provided on 8 x 11-sized sheets in

the Project Manual. However, it may be desirable to show this information on
large-format drawing sheets.
E.
The diagrams shall be formatted as shown in the sample butterfly diagram in

the Appendix. Upon request, CWU will provide an electronic AutoCAD file of
this diagram to be used as a template as well as electronic CAD files for each
butterfly diagram affected by a project.
5.2.3 CUTOVER PLAN

The Designer shall provide a detailed cutover plan that is coordinated with other
disciplines on the project as well as with CWU data and telephone equipment cutover
requirements. Verbiage describing the sequence of work tasks to accomplish the
cutover shall be provided in this section. Limitations on the permissible downtime
allowed and temporary service arrangements shall be discussed in the cutover plans.
5.2.4 FIBER LINK-LOSS BUDGET ANALYSIS

A.
The Designer shall provide (in the Construction Documents) a link-loss budget
analysis for each fiber optic cable.
B.
The link-loss budget analysis shall be formatted as shown in the Appendix.

Upon request, CWU will provide an electronic spreadsheet file to be used as a
template.
5.3 RECORD DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTATION

The Instructions for Architects and Engineers Doing Business with Division of
Engineering and Architectural Services (published by the Washington State
Department of General Administration) lists requirements for Record Drawings and
submittals. The following requirements related to Record Drawings and submittals
are in addition to the requirements listed in Instructions for Architects and
Engineers Doing Business with Division of Engineering and Architectural Services:
The Record Drawings shall show the identifiers for the telecommunications
infrastructure components as constructed.
One set of 8x11-sized butterfly diagrams on bond media shall be delivered
to CWU Facilities Planning and Construction.
One CDROM containing the digital photographs taken by the Designer during
the project shall be delivered to CWU Facilities Planning and Construction.
100
APPENDIX
SAMPLE REVIEW COMMENT REPORT
APPENDIX
6.1 SAMPLE REVIEW COMMENT REPORT

The table below depicts an example Review Comment Report form that will be used.
The Designer shall create a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet formatted as shown below.
The spreadsheet shall be used for any comments from the Designers review process
and the completed spreadsheet shall be submitted electronically to CWU. Upon
request, CWU will provide an electronic document for this form to be used as a
template.
Project Number
Project Name
Drawing/Spec
Reference
Reviewer
Sheet number of
drawing
Name of
reviewer
Specification
number and
paragraph
Name of
reviewer
Comment
Reviewers comment, citing the
item needing attention and any
applicable code or standard
reference.
Reviewers comment, citing the
item needing attention and any
applicable code or standard
reference.
101
Date of Review
A/E Team Response
APPENDIX
SAMPLE BUTTERFLY DIAGRAM
6.2 SAMPLE BUTTERFLY DIAGRAM

The following page shows a sample maintenance hole / handhole Butterfly Diagram.
The Designer shall follow this format and produce a butterfly diagram for each
existing maintenance hole or handhole that is affected by an outside plant
telecommunications project. The Designer shall submit the completed diagrams to
CWU in both electronic and paper forms. Upon request, CWU will provide an
electronic AutoCAD file to be used as a template.
102
APPENDIX
SAMPLE BACKBONE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
6.3 SAMPLE BACKBONE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Below is a sample Backbone Schematic Diagram. The Designer shall follow this
format and produce backbone schematic diagram for each project that includes new
outside plant telecommunications infrastructure.
104
APPENDIX
SAMPLE TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM PLAN DETAIL
6.4 SAMPLE TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM PLAN DETAIL

This page shows a sample plan detail for a telecommunications room. The Designer
shall provide similar information for each telecommunications room and equipment
room affected by the project. This information shall be provided either as a portion
of the Project Manual or on the drawings, and shall be considered part of the
Construction Documents.
The layout of this sample plan detail has been pre-approved for use at CWU. The
Designer shall use this layout wherever appropriate and shall discuss project-specific
alternatives with CWU ITS.
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INDEX
6.5 SAMPLE RACK ELEVATION DETAIL

This page shows a sample scaled rack elevation detail. The Designer shall provide
similar information for each new or existing telecommunications rack showing new
and existing equipment room affected by the project.
This information shall be provided either as a portion of the Project Manual or on the
drawings, and shall be considered part of the Construction Documents.
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INDEX
6.6 SAMPLE WALL ELEVATION DETAIL

This page shows a sample scaled wall elevation detail. The Designer shall provide
similar information for each new or existing telecommunications room wall showing
new and existing equipment room affected by the project.
This information shall be provided either as a portion of the Project Manual or on the
drawings, and shall be considered part of the Construction Documents.
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INDEX
6.7 SAMPLE FIBER OPTIC LINK-LOSS BUDGET ANALYSIS

The following page shows an example Fiber Optic Link-Loss Budget Analysis that the
Designer shall use for each new fiber optic cable designed in the project. The
Designer shall submit the completed link-loss budget analyses to CWU in both
electronic and paper forms. Upon request, CWU will provide an electronic
spreadsheet of this form to be used as a template.
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INDEX
Fiber Optic Link Loss Budget

cable identifier
Building A
To: Building B
Cable ID:
From:
MM 850
MM 1300
SM 1310
SM 1550
Passive Cable System Attenuation

Fiber Loss at Operating Wavelength
Cable Length (in kilometers)

x Attenuation per km
km
x
3.40
1.00
0.40
0.30
= Total Fiber Loss

Connector Loss
dB
Number of Connector Pairs
(Excluding Tx & Rx Connectors)
x Individual Connector Pair Loss
pairs
x
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
= Total Connector Loss

Splice Loss
Number of Splices
splices
x
0.15
0.15
0.20
0.20
= Total Splice Loss
dB/splice
dB
dB
Total Components Loss
Total Passive Cable System Attenuation
dB/pair
dB
x Individual Splice Loss
Other Components Loss
dB/km
Total Fiber Loss
dB
+ Total Connector Loss
+ Total Splice Loss
dB
dB
+ Total Components Loss
dB
= Total System Attenuation
dB
MM 850
MM 1300
SM 1310
SM 1550
-18.0
-18.0
-18.0
-18.0
dBm
-31.0
-31.0
-31.0
-31.0
dBm
Link Loss Budget

From Manufacturer's Specifications
Average Transmitter Output

9
Receiver Sensitivity (10 BER)

System Gain
Average Transmitter Power
Power Penalties
dBm
-31.0
-18.0
-
-31.0
-31.0
-31.0
dBm
= System Gain
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
dB
3.0
dB
+ Receiver Power Penalties
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
dB
+ Repair Margin
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
dB
= Total Power Penalties
2.60
2.60
3.60
3.60
dB
Operating Margin
# of Fusion Splices Loss per Splice

2
-18.0
- Receiver Sensitivity
0.3
Link Loss Budget
-18.0
2.0
System Gain
-18.0
2.0
13.00
3.0
13.00
dB
- Power Penalties
2.60
13.00
2.60
3.60
3.60
dB
= Total Link Loss Budget
10.40
10.40
9.40
9.40
dB
MM 850
13.00
MM 1300
SM 1310
SM 1550
Performance
System Performance Margin
Link Loss Budget
10.40
- Passive Cable System Attenuation
109
10.40
-
9.40
-
9.40
-
dB
dB
INDEX
6.8 GLOSSARY
ANALOG
Analog comes from the root word analogous, which means similar to.
In
telecommunications, analog is a way of sending signalsvoice, data, or videoin which the
transmitted signal is analogous to the original signal. In other words, if you spoke into a
microphone and saw your voice on an oscilloscope took the same voice as was transmitted on
the phone line and viewed that signal on an oscilloscope, the two signals would look the same.
See Digital.
AWG (AMERICAN WIRE GAUGE)

The standard measuring gauge of the diameter of copper wires in telecommunications and
electrical cables.
BACKBOARD
A plywood sheet mounted to the wall where telecommunications distribution equipment is
installed. The backboard must be three-quarter ()-inch thick A-C grade fire retardant
plywood, mounted with the A side exposed. The backboard must be coated with two coats
of light colored, non-conductive fire retardant paint.
BACKBONE CABLING
Backbone cable is defined as a major service cable that is used to interconnect various
buildings on a campus, connect equipment rooms to telecommunications rooms within a
building, or connect one telecommunications room to another within the same building.
Backbone cables are typically large capacity (high pair-count) copper cables, or fiber optic
cables.
BEND RADIUS
The maximum radius that a cable can be bent to avoid physical or electrical damage or cause
adverse transmission performance.
BONDING
The permanent joining of metallic parts to form an electrically conductive path that will assure
electrical continuity and the capacity to conduct safely to ground any current likely to be
imposed.
BUS
An electrical connection which allows two or more wires to be bonded together.
BUSBAR
A copper bar, drilled and tapped, to allow the bonding together of wires or cables.
CABLE PAIR
Each telecommunications circuit is made up of two copper wires, or a pair of wires. Traditional
analog telephone service uses one-pair of wires. Some modern digital telephone systems, and
most computer networks operate over two or four pairs of wires. The ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A
standard requires a four-pair cable to each work-area modular jack.
CABLE PLANT
A term which refers to the physical connection media such as optical fiber cable or copper
cable. See Telecommunications Infrastructure.
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INDEX
CABLE PULL TENSION

Stated by the manufacturer as the maximum limit at which the cables performance
characteristics are altered, experiencing electrical or mechanical degradation. Also known as
maximum recommended installation load (MRIL).
CABLE TENSILE STRENGTH

Is the limit point where the cable is pulled apart.
CHANGE ORDER (CO)

Change Orders document the modifications to an existing contract. The change order
procedure can be initiated by the Owner, Contractor, or the A/E. The A.E will generally start
the process using the Change Order/Change Order Proposal form.
CAMPUS
The buildings and grounds of a complex or facility.
CATV (COMMUNITY ANTENNA TELEVISION)

CATV is commonly referred to as cable TV. In the traditional sense, CATV is a master
antenna that receives television signals, and distributes the signal over cables to a limited
geographical area, such as a campus, or neighborhood (community). Some CWU facilities
(such as residence halls) receive cable TV service from a local service provider for a
subscription fee.
Other CWU facilities receive cable TV service via the campus video
distribution infrastructure.
CCTV (CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION)

CCTV is a system where one or more cameras send a television signals to television monitors
at another location in the same building or campus.
CROSS-CONNECT (XC)
A cross-connect, or cross-connection, is where individual cable pairs from two different cables
are connected together with jumper wires. An XC is intended to be easily reconfigured, as
opposed to a cable splice which is permanent.
DATA SERVICES
Data service generally refers to the computer network. For future planning purposes, data
shall be considered to be any information that is transferred in digital form. Advances in
technology are blending together traditional voice, data, and video services. Eventually, a
single telecommunications system may process all forms of telecommunications (voice, data,
and video) over a common infrastructure.
DEMARC
The point of demarcation between the service provider and the customer. The demarc is
actually a cable termination block with an orange cover where the service providers cable
terminates. The services are then cross-connected to the customers cable for distribution
throughout the facility. See Telecommunications Service Entrance Facility.
DIGITAL
In telecommunications or computing, digital is the use of a binary code to represent
information. In binary code, the information is represented by a series of on or off states
(a signal, or an absence of a signal). Analog signalslike a voiceare encoded digitally by
sampling the voice analog signal many times a second and assigning a number to each
sample. During transmission, the signals will lose strength and progressively pick up noise or
distortion. In analog transmission, the signal (along with any noise that is picked up) is
simply amplified to maintain the proper signal strength at the distant end. In digital
transmission, the signal is regenerated, cleaning off any noise, and restoring the signal to its
original form. Then the signal is amplified, and sent to the destination. At the destination,
111
INDEX
the digital signal is again regenerated, and restored to its original form for processing. See
Analog.
ELECTRO MAGNETIC INTERFERENCE (EMI)

Electro Magnetic Interference is a signal distortion directly related to a foreign signal being
imposed through coupling onto a transmission path to which the foreign signal is not
physically connected.
ENTRANCE FACILITY (EF)

See Telecommunications Service Entrance Facility (EF).
FACILITY CONTROL AND MONITORING

It is becoming increasingly common for heating, ventilation, air conditioning, power
distribution, and water distribution systems to be computer controlled. These computercontrolled systems can be networked on the same LAN, or the same telecommunications
infrastructure, as the traditional data services.
FIRE AND LIFE SAFETY

As with Facility Control and Monitoring systems, Fire and Life Safety systems such as smoke
detectors, sprinkler systems, and fire alarms are increasingly becoming computer controlled
and networked. These systems can also communicate over the common telecommunications
infrastructure. Local codes may have certain restrictions on the manner in which Fire and Life
Safety systems are networked, and shall be consulted prior to system design.
GROUND
A conducting connection, whether intentional or accidental, between an electrical circuit or
equipment and the earth, or to some conducting body that serves in place of the earth.

Proper grounding and bonding serves three very important purposes. First, from a life safety
aspect, the ground connection insures that voltages from a malfunctioning system are routed
directly to ground to prevent an electrocution hazard to people who may come in physical
contact with the system. Secondly, from a telecommunications standpoint, grounding and
bonding of telecommunications equipment and systems is an important measure for
controlling electromagnetic interference (EMI). Ungrounded systems can pick up energy that
is radiated from another electrical source, such as a large electric motor, an arc welder, or a
large copy machine. If this energy is absorbed into the telecommunications system, it can
result in annoying interference on the signal, or at worst, corruption and loss of critical data.
Thirdly, the telecommunications ground may be used as a reference voltage for electronics
equipment. The telecommunications ground potential must be consistent to insure reliable
system performance.
GROUNDING ELECTRODE
The metallic component that is placed in the earth to form the electrical connection with the
earth. A grounding electrode is usually a metal rod at least eight (8)-feet long driven into the
earth. Refer to NFPA 70, Article 250, Part H for acceptable electrical service grounding
electrodes.
HANDHOLE
A small cast concrete box placed in an outside plant conduit run as an access point to facilitate
pulling cable into the conduit.
HEAD END
In a CATV system, the head end is a term that refers to the electronics equipment that
receives the television signals from the antennas, and distributes them over the copper and/or
fiber optic cables.
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INDEX
HORIZONTAL DISTRIBUTION CABLING (HDC)

Horizontal distribution cable is defined as the cable that routes from the telecommunications
room to the work area. Generally, these cables are routed horizontally on the same floor of a
building, as opposed to a backbone or riser cable that may route vertically in a building.
Occasionally, a telecommunications room will also serve the floor above and/or below. In this
case, the cables routing from the telecommunications room to a work-area on the floor above
or below are still considered to be horizontal distribution cabling.
IDENTIFIER
A unique descriptive name or number that identifies a specific telecommunications
infrastructure component.
INFRASTRUCTURE
The ISP and OSP pathways, spaces, cable plant, and associated electronic devices comprising
the low voltage signaling systems including but not limited to voice, data, building controls,
security etc.
INSIDE PLANT (ISP)

That part of the telecommunications infrastructure that is contained within a building.
INTERMEDIATE CROSS-CONNECT (IC)

A point where a backbone cable originating from the Main Cross-connect (MC) is crossconnected to another backbone cable routing to the final destination. The IC is usually located
in a Telecommunications Room. The IC was previously referred to as the Intermediate
Distribution Frame (IDF).
INTERMEDIATE DISTRIBUTION FRAME (IDF)

An obsolete term referring to the Intermediate Cross-connect (IC).
JACK (OR OUTLET JACK)

A wiring device used to terminate horizontal distribution cable, normally housed in an outlet
box. See Modular jack.
JUMPER WIRE
A short length of wire used to route a circuit by linking two cross-connect points.
LOCAL AREA NETWORK- (LAN)

The LAN is the network that interconnects all data services for a building or campus. There
may be one or more LANs in any given building or campus.
LOCAL EXCHANGE CARRIER (LEC)

The local telephone company, usually U S WEST Telecommunications, GTE, or PTI.
MAINTENANCE HOLE (MH)

A concrete box placed in an outside plant conduit run as an access point to facilitate pulling
cable into the conduit. Maintenance holes are large enough for a service technician to enter
and work on the cabling. OSHA regulates the safety aspects of working in maintenance holes.
CWU has policies governing work in maintenance holes. Manhole is an obsolete term. See
Handhole.
MAIN CROSS-CONNECT (MC)

The Main Cross-connect is the point where all telecommunications services are crossconnected to the building or campus backbone cables for distribution to other buildings, and
ultimately, to the users work-area. The MC is usually located in the Main Telecommunications
Equipment Room (ER).
113
INDEX
MAIN DISTRIBUTION FRAME (MDF)

An obsolete term referring to the Main Cross-connect (MC).
MAIN TELECOMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT ROOM (ER)

The Main Telecommunications Equipment Room is the central location on a campus or in a
building where the major telecommunications equipment is located. The ER typically contains
the telephone switching system, and the data center with computer servers and network
equipment. At CWUs Ellensburg campus, the ER is called The Computer Center and is
nicknamed Wildcat.
MAXIMUM RECOMMENDED INSTALLATION LOAD (MRIL)

Stated by the manufacturer as the cable strength or maximum cable pull tension. It is based
on the conductor strength within the cable sheath.
MODULAR JACK , (OR PORT, OR OUTLET JACK, OR OUTLET CONNECTOR)

A female telecommunications connector that accepts a mated male modular plug. A wiring
device used to terminate horizontal distribution cable at the work-area, normally housed in an
outlet box. Commonly referred to as a port, an outlet jack, or an outlet connector. The IO
jack will accept the modular eight (8)-position, eight (8)-conductor plug that is normally
installed on the end of a patch cord or equipment cord.
MODULAR PLUG
A male telecommunications connector that is inserted into a mated female modular jack.
MPOP
Minimum-Point-of-Presence. This is a policy statement, where it is generally the service
providers policy to locate the Point-of-Presence (POP) the minimum distance possible in from
the street. The service provider usually prefers the POP to be at the street. However, the
customer usually prefers the POP to be in the Equipment Room. See POP, Demarc, and
Telecommunications Service Entrance Facility.
NEMA
National Electrical Manufacturers Association.
OUTLET BOX
An enclosure mounted in the wall, or surface mounted on a wall, floor or furniture, into which
a modular jack may be installed.
OUTLET CONNECTOR
See Modular Jack.
OUTSIDE PLANT (OSP)

The part of the telecommunications infrastructure that is outside.
underground conduit system, direct buried cable, or aerial cable.
OSP usually refers to an
PATCH CORD
A short length of telecommunications cable with modular plugs on each end used to connect
between a modular jack and a work-area device such as a telephone or computer, or to
connect between a patch panel and an electronics device in the Telecommunications Room or
Equipment Room.
PATCH PANEL
A panel mounted in an equipment rack in the Telecommunications Room or Equipment Room
containing modular jacks.
The telecommunications room or ER end of the horizontal
distribution data cable is terminated at the patch panel. Patch cords are used to connect
114
INDEX
work-area devices to network switches located in the telecommunications room or ER.
PATHWAY (OR CABLE PATHWAY)

A raceway, conduit, sleeve,
telecommunications cable.
or
reserved
location
for
the
placing
and
routing
of
PBX
Private Branch eXchange. A large, full feature telephone switching system that usually serves
a large building or campus.
POP
Point-of-Presence. The physical location where a service provider delivers telecommunications
service. See MPOP, Demarc, and Telecommunications Service Entrance Facility.
PORT
See Modular Jack.
PRIMARY PROTECTOR (OR PROTECTOR BLOCK, OR PROTECTOR PANEL)

A device interconnected to the telecommunications service providers access line, or to each
end of an outside plant campus distribution copper cable, to protect the connected equipment
and personnel from over-voltage and/or over-current conditions. Hazardous voltages and
currents are shunted to ground through the protector block.
PULLBOX
A box, located in an inside plant cable pathway, intended to serve as an access point to
facilitate pulling cable through the conduit.
REGISTERED TELECOMMUNICATIONS DISTRIBUTION DESIGNER (RCDD)

The internationally recognized professional designation of Registered Telecommunications
Distribution Designer (RCDD) is presented by BICSI a Telecommunications Association to its
members that have proven their ability through on the job experience and having passed a
thorough exam.
RFI
Radio Frequency Interference is a signal distortion directly related to a foreign radio signal
being imposed through coupling onto a transmission path that the foreign radio signal is not
physically connected to.
RACEWAY
A metal or plastic channel used for loosely holding telecommunications or electrical cables.
See Pathway.
RISER CABLE
An obsolete term referring to backbone cable.
ROUTER
A device that connects between two networks, and routes data traffic from one network to the
other.
SECURITY SYSTEMS
Security systems such as intrusion alarms, remote door locks, and magnetic strip identification
cards may be computer controlled and networked. Some new technology employs Biometric
systems that scan the retina of the eye, or make an optical image of the fingerprint, and
compare that image to a computer database as a means of identification. Many of these
systems have proprietary components, but many can be networked on the common
telecommunications infrastructure and shall be taken into consideration in any design.
115
INDEX
SERVICE PROVIDER
The company or utility that provides telecommunications services to a customer.
SNEAK CURRENT
Unwanted but steady currents that seep into a communication circuit. These low-level
currents are insufficient to trigger electrical surge protectors and therefore are able to pass
them undetected. They are usually too weak to cause immediate damage, but if unchecked
will create harmful heating effects.
Sneak currents may result from contact between
telecommunications lines and AC power circuits or from power induction, and may cause
equipment damage due to overheating.
SPLICE
A permanent joining of conductors from separate cables.
SPLICE BOX
A box, located in a pathway, intended to house a cable splice.
SPLICE CLOSURE
A device used to enclose and protect a cable splice.
STAR TOPOLOGY (OR STAR DISTRIBUTION)

A topology where all phones and computers in a given area are wired directly to a central
service location in the telecommunications room. Star topology is the standard wiring
topology for the CWU.
SUBSTRUCTURE
The ISP and OSP pathways and spaces for the low voltage signaling systems including but not
limited to voice, data, building controls, security etc.
Substructure does not include cable
plant and electronic devices (see infrastructure).
SWEEP
A conduit bend that meets ANSI/TIA/EIA-569-A bend-radius requirements forming a gentle
arc rather than a sharp bend.
SWITCH
An electronic device that interconnects networked data devices (computers) through port-toport switching.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Any transmission, emission, or reception of signs, signals, writings, images, and sounds, or
information of any nature by wire, radio, visual, or other electromagnetic systems.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS BONDING BACKBONE (TBB)

The grounding conductor (cable) that interconnects the Telecommunications Main Grounding
Busbar (TMGB), Telecommunications Grounding Busbars (TGB), various telecommunications
equipment, equipment racks, and cable shields to the buildings electrical service grounding
electrode.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM (TR)

The Telecommunications Room is a location in each building, or each floor of a building, where
backbone cables transition to horizontal distribution cables. The TR may also contain certain
items of network electronics equipment such as hubs or routers. A large building, with large
floors, may have multiple TRs on a floor. Depending on the size of the building, a TR may be
a separate room, or it may be simply be a cabinet containing telecommunications equipment.
116
INDEX
TELECOMMUNICATIONS GROUNDING BUSBAR (TGB)

In buildings with multiple Telecommunications Rooms, each telecommunications room is
equipped with a TGB. All of the TGBs in the building are bonded together, and to the
Telecommunications Main Grounding Busbar (TMGB), with the Telecommunications Bonding
Backbone (TBB).
TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE
The telecommunications infrastructure is defined as the pathways, spaces and cabling
necessary to support the signaling between telecommunications devices. The infrastructure
must be designed to support the known present, and reasonably certain future, signaling
requirements of the telecommunications systems.
With the rapid advances in
telecommunications technology, the telecommunications cabling will likely require replacement
or upgrade several times over the life of a building, with an average life expectancy of 8 to 15
years. Therefore, the design of the pathways and spaces has a major impact on the cost of
future cabling upgrades. See Telecommunications Substructure.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS MAIN GROUNDING BUSBAR (TMGB)

A busbar placed in a convenient and accessible location in the Entrance Facility (EF),
Equipment Room (ER), and all Telecommunications Rooms.
All telecommunications
equipment, equipment racks, protector blocks, metallic cable shields, and exposed noncurrentcarrying metal parts of information technology equipment are bonded to the TMGB, which is
then bonded by means of the Telecommunications Bonding Backbone (TBB) to the main
electrical service grounding electrode.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICE ENTRANCE FACILITY (EF)

The Telecommunications Service Entrance Facility is the point where the telecommunications
service enters the customers property. The EF may contain electronics equipment and line
protection equipment required by the service provider. The EF may be combined with the
Main Telecommunications Equipment Room, or the EF may be an outdoor pedestal or cabinet
near the street. Other terms that are used in conjunction with the EF include:
1.
Demarc The point of demarcation between the service provider and the customer.
This is actually a cable termination block where the service providers cable terminates, and is
cross-connected to the customers cable. It is usually located in the EF.
2.
POP Point-of-Presence. The physical location of the demarc.
3.
MPOP Minimum-Point-of-Presence. This is a policy statement, where it is generally
the service providers policy to locate the POP the minimum distance possible in from the
street. The service provider usually prefers the POP to be at the street. However, the
customer usually prefers the POP to be in the Equipment Room.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS SUBSTRUCTURE
The telecommunications substructure is defined as the equipment rooms, telecommunications
rooms, cable pathways, or other physical structures such as antenna towers, necessary to
support telecommunications. Cable pathways include aerial pole lines, underground conduit
systems, utility vaults, interior conduit systems, interior cable trays, or other methods of
routing and supporting telecommunications cable. The telecommunications substructure shall
be designed for the life of the building. ANSI/TIA/EIA-569-A provides the standards to be
applied to telecommunications substructure. See Telecommunications Infrastructure.
TERMINATION FIELD
A space on the plywood telecommunications backboard where termination hardware is
mounted. The termination field is arranged into areas where different types of cables are
terminated based on their purpose and use.
TERMINATION HARDWARE
Any device used on the end of a cable to connect or cross-connect cables to other cables, or to
telecommunications equipment.
117
INDEX
VOICE SERVICES
Voice services supported by the telecommunications infrastructure include telephone services,
either directly from the Local Exchange Carrier (LEC), or from a CWU owned telephone
system, voice mail services, intercom and paging services, and some radio systems. Fax
services and individual computer modems usually operate over the voice system.
VOICE SWITCH
An electronic device that establishes or disestablishes circuits between telecommunications
systems or devices.
WORK AREA
The work area is defined as the location where telecommunications service is provided for
people to use. This is the area where a computer, telephone, or other telecommunications
device is located and where people will use these tools to do work.
118
INDEX
INDEX
Access Control Systems .............................. 5
Access Floors .......................................... 83
Acquisition and Procurement 12, 17, 18, 19, 34
Aerial Distribution .................................... 65
Alarm Systems .......................................... 5
Alternative Design Request .. 9, 13, 21, 34, 35,
40, 42, 59, 65
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) ......... 88
AMP Netconnect ...19, 20, 22, 23, 51, 52, 53,
54
AMP Netconnect Warranty .22, 23, 34, 42, 51
ANSI/TIA/EIA Commercial Building
Telecommunications Standards. 6, 8, 10, 21,
34, 35, 39, 42, 43, 53, 110, 116, 117
Architects4, 13, 20, 26, 27, 31, 32, 33, 34, 72,
73, 74, 111
Backboards .....38, 49, 69, 74, 82, 97, 98, 110,
117
BICSI................................................. 6, 10
Customer-Owned Outside Plant Design Manual...6,
8, 9, 10, 42, 55, 86
Telecommunications Cabling Installation Manual.6,
8, 10, 42, 55
Telecommunications Distribution Methods Manual
.. 6, 8, 9, 10, 42, 43, 53, 75, 77, 80, 85, 92, 93
Bidding .............................................34, 39
Bridge and Waterway Crossing Distribution.. 66
Building Automation Systems ......5, 53, 67, 93
Butterfly Diagrams............... 37, 99, 100, 102
Cabinets for Telecommunications Equipment
................... 73, 75, 76, 77, 78, 80, 83, 84
Cable Length........................................... 73
Cable Television Distribution Systems ......... 93
Cable Test Reports ........................ 41, 87, 88
Cable Tray ........ 19, 32, 42, 47, 48, 49, 51, 75
Category 3 Cable ................................50, 53
Category 5 Cable ..................................... 52
Category 5e Cable ..............................50, 52
Category 5E Cable ................................... 53
Category 6 Cable .......................... 50, 52, 53
Closed Circuit Television Systems................. 5
Concrete............................. 60, 62, 112, 113
Conduit Bends .................. 39, 60, 76, 96, 116
Conduit Fill ............................................. 49
Construction Document Phase ................... 38
Construction Documents ...6, 8, 10, 27, 39, 40,
41, 42, 67, 88, 89, 95, 96, 97, 100, 105,
106, 107
Construction Observation .....13, 14, 18, 32, 40
Contractors ...4, 11, 16, 17, 19, 20, 22, 23, 32,
34, 40, 41, 87, 88, 96, 111
Convenience Power Outlet......... 24, 45, 80, 85
Coordination (Cross-discipline) ...4, 31, 33, 34,
74, 77, 85, 92, 95, 96, 98, 100

Cutover Plans .................................. 99, 100
CWU Staff .......... 4, 12, 13, 15, 60, 63, 81, 94
Demarcation Point ..... 22, 82, 96, 97, 111, 117
Design Development Phase .. 38, 39, 69, 73, 74
Design Review Process . 13, 16, 21, 27, 29, 30,
31, 32, 38, 39, 101
Designer Qualifications ..............................26
Direct-buried Cabling ................................67
DIS Master Contract ................ 17, 18, 20, 34
Disposal of Information Technology Equipment
.................................................... 17, 18
Doors ............................................. 74, 115
Ductbanks .... 8, 32, 33, 39, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63,
64, 66, 67, 96
Duplex SC Connectors...............................70
Electrical Engineers.................. 26, 45, 77, 92
Electrical Power.44, 49, 53, 61, 62, 67, 74, 77,
78, 82, 84, 85, 91, 92, 96, 112, 116
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) .31, 33, 43,
44, 77, 78, 82, 84, 112
Elevation Diagrams.................... 99, 106, 107
Energy Management Systems...................... 5
Engineers ................................. 4, 13, 26, 33
Enterprise Network ...................................12
Entrance Facilities .. 7, 21, 22, 33, 59, 86, 111,
112, 114, 115, 117
Environmental Control Systems ................... 5
Equipment Rooms ....7, 32, 44, 72, 80, 81, 82,
83, 84, 85, 86, 89, 92, 105, 106, 107, 113,
114, 117
Extent of Construction
Full Remodel ... 10, 14, 15, 20, 45, 48, 52, 55, 56,
70, 78, 81
Light Remodel . 10, 14, 15, 20, 45, 46, 47, 48, 55,
70, 72, 73, 75, 76, 79, 81, 86, 87
New Construction...10, 14, 15, 20, 45, 48, 50, 51,
55, 56, 70, 78, 81
Telecommunications-only ......... 10, 15, 45, 46, 48
Facilities Planning & Construction Services

(FP&CS)....................................12, 16, 20
Project Manager 13, 17, 20, 21, 27, 28, 33, 34, 40
Fiber Optic Cabling ...5, 65, 69, 70, 71, 82, 87,
90, 92, 98, 108, 110, 112
Fire Alarm Systems.................................... 5
Fire Suppression Systems ...............74, 75, 83
Firestopping.............................................87
Flex Conduit .................................39, 49, 59
Floors .................................... 33, 74, 82, 83
Generators ........................................ 77, 84
Grounding and Bonding .. 8, 32, 77, 78, 80, 85,
86, 87, 97, 98, 116, 117
Handholes .... 8, 14, 21, 32, 37, 39, 61, 64, 65,
67, 89, 96, 99, 100, 102
119
INDEX
Horizontal Telecommunications Infrastructure

................... 7, 32, 47, 52, 53, 90, 91, 113
HVAC Systems ............................... 4, 33, 75
Identifiers...... 25, 88, 89, 90, 91, 96, 100, 113
Innerduct ..........................32, 57, 64, 67, 70
Inside Plant Telecommunications Infrastructure
...........................................5, 44, 51, 96
Installers ................................................ 11
Instructions for Architects and Engineers Doing
Business with Division of Engineering and
Architectural Services.......9, 32, 95, 98, 100
ITS Department..................................17, 18
ITS Infrastructure Specialist 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
20, 21, 24, 25, 27, 28, 31, 40, 42, 66, 69,
82, 83, 84, 92, 99
ITS Telecom Manager ... 13, 19, 20, 21, 23, 25,
27, 33, 34
J-Hooks .............................................47, 48
Junction Boxes ........................................ 96
Labeling ............................78, 80, 88, 90, 96
Link-Loss Budget ....................... 99, 100, 108
Local Area Network (LAN)8, 12, 24, 71, 76, 82,
83, 92, 112, 113, 116
Loose Tube Fiber Optic Cabling .................. 69
Low Voltage Electronics Room ..................... 5
Low Voltage Systems . 4, 5, 27, 52, 53, 61, 72,
81, 84, 97, 98
Maintenance Holes ... 8, 14, 21, 32, 33, 37, 39,
60, 61, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 89, 96, 99, 100,
102, 113
Mechanical Engineers ............................... 74
Mode-Conditioning Patch Cords .................. 70
Moves/Adds/Changes (MAC)...... 11, 23, 24, 25
Multimode Fiber Optic Cabling ..............71, 92
National Electrical Code .......... 8, 9, 42, 43, 44
National Electrical Safety Code.....8, 44, 61, 62
Operation and Maintenance Manuals ........... 41
Outside Plant Telecommunications
Infrastructure . 5, 33, 37, 40, 58, 60, 61, 62,
65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 89, 96, 102, 104, 112,
113, 114, 115, 116
Paging Systems ....................................... 94
Paint ............................................... 74, 110
Patch Cords ..................................... 54, 114
Patch Panels .................... 69, 71, 82, 90, 114
PBX ................71, 80, 82, 85, 86, 97, 98, 115
Photographs ..........................37, 40, 97, 100

PLC Control Systems.................................. 5
Plumbing.................................................33
Poke-thru ................................................47
Pressurization Systems .............................68
Prime Consultant ...........................26, 31, 35
Pull Boxes ...............................................50
Racks ... 32, 75, 76, 80, 82, 83, 85, 90, 97, 98,
116, 117
Record Drawings ....................40, 41, 88, 100
Residence Halls .10, 15, 46, 48, 49, 50, 54, 71,
72, 92, 93, 111
Review Comment Report ......................... 101
RF Radiation ............................................66
Schematic Design Phase 33, 37, 38, 39, 47, 72
Security Electronics Room........................... 5
Security Systems ............................... 5, 115
Service Providers.22, 31, 59, 82, 96, 111, 114,
115, 117
Sizing of TRs......38, 72, 73, 76, 81, 82, 83, 86
Slope................................................ 59, 63
Soffit ......................................................49
Splicing.................... 65, 68, 69, 87, 111, 116
Splitting Pairs .................................... 24, 51
State of Washington Conditions of the
Agreement .......................9, 26, 27, 37, 98
Steam ........................ 33, 62, 63, 64, 81, 96
Submittals....................................... 40, 100
Technical Power Outlets............ 24, 78, 84, 85
Telecommunications Construction Guide
Specification 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 23, 24, 25, 27,
38, 89, 99
Telecommunications Rooms ..7, 12, 24, 76, 90,
105
Under Slab or In Slab Conduit .........39, 49, 55
Undercarpet Telecommunications Cabling ....44
Uninterruptible Power Supply ... 76, 78, 79, 84,
85, 97, 98
Washington State Department of Information
Services (DIS) ..................... 12, 17, 18, 43
Washington State Department of Labor and
Industries ........................................ 8, 77
Washington State Office of Financial
Management (OFM) ...............................18
Wireless or Radio System Distribution ... 66, 94
120

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Telecommunications Distribution Design Guide

Telecommunications Infrastructure Standards Revision 3

Central Washington University

CWU TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICIES..........................................................12

SHARED OSP PATHWAY

REVIEWING TELECOMMUNICATIONS DESIGNS ..........................................................21

ALTERNATIVE DESIGN REQUESTS (ADR)

PROJECT PROCEDURES ...................................................................................26

RCDD REVIEW CONSULTANT

ARCHITECT/ENGINEER TEAMS ............................................................................33

GENERAL PROCEDURES ....................................................................................34

CROSS DISCIPLINE COORDINATION

ALTERNATIVE DESIGN REQUEST (ADR)

PROCEDURES RELATED TO PROJECT PHASES............................................................37

DESIGN CRITERIA ...........................................................................................42

TELECOMMUNICATIONS & EQUIPMENT ROOMS

GROUNDING BONDING AND ELECTRICAL PROTECTION .................................................86

DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT ................................................91

WIRELESS AND MICROWAVE SYSTEMS ..................................................................94

ADMINISTRATIVE/ACADEMIC CABLE TELEVISION SERVICES

CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENT CONTENT ............................................................95

The Telecommunications Distribution Design Guide (TDDG) is written to

Telecommunications distribution systems designed for CWU are expected to

It is the responsibility of the telecommunications distribution Designer to

1.1 LOW VOLTAGE SYSTEMS

1.1.1 SHARED OSP PATHWAY

Building Automation Systems

Fire Alarm Systems

o Access Control Systems

PLC Control Systems

1.1.2 SHARED OSP MEDIA

Building Automation Systems

Fire Alarm Systems

o Access Control Systems

PLC Control Systems

1.1.3 SHARED ISP PATHWAY AND MEDIA

Building Automation Systems

Fire Alarm Systems

o Access Control Systems

PLC Control Systems

Inside plant telecommunications infrastructure intended to support Ethernet

1.2 DOCUMENT INTENT

CWU has standardized on the ANSI/TIA/EIA1 Commercial Building

Rewriting the TCGS or modifying the format structure or requirements will

In addition to the telecommunications specifications for a project, plan

The following diagram depicts the relationships between the ANSI/TIA/EIA

with the ANSI/TIA/EIA Standards as applied by and illustrated in the CWU

CWU Telecommunications Design Process

BICSI Design Guidelines

The TDDG provides guidelines for telecommunications distribution system

Outside Plant Backbone Distribution maintenance holes, handholes,

This document provides directions for making standards-compliant design

Adherence to and compliance with the codes, standards and industry

The requirements contained in the TDDG are considered to be in addition to

1.3 DOCUMENT STRUCTURE

The CWU Policies section describes internal CWU telecommunications

The Project Procedures section describes the required qualifications for

The Construction Document Content section defines the minimum level of

Projects involving minor remodeling to create

An existing building undergoing minor or cosmetic

An existing building undergoing extensive remodeling,

A new building or new utility infrastructure

1.5 CWU PERSONNEL