Course Content

Radio Resource Management Overview

Parameter Configuration
Common Channels & Power Control
Load Control
Admission Control
Packet Scheduling incl. HSPA
Handover Control
Resource Manager

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1
Nokia Siemens Networks

Presentation / Author / Date

Module Objectives

At the end of the module you will be able to:

Describe the purpose of RRM
List the RRM functional entities
Describe the purpose of each of the RRM functional entities
Identify the location of RRM entities
Identify relationships between RRM entities

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Nokia Siemens Networks

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Radio Resource Management Overview

Introduction
Load Control (LC)
Admission Control (AC)
Packet Scheduler (PS) incl. HSPA
Power Control (PC)
Handover Control (HC)
Resource Manager (RM)

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Nokia Siemens Networks

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Radio Resource Management

Target for RRM is to ensure the RAN offers:

The planned coverage for each targeted service

High capacity i.e. low blocking (new calls, handovers)
The required Quality of Service (QoS)
Optimize the use of available capacity (priorities)

By continuously monitoring/adjusting how the available resources are used in

accordance
with user requests

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RRM Tasks
RRM must be able to:
Predict the impact on interference (power) of
the admitting a new user for UL & DL
Perform appropriate actions (e.g. new call
admissions, bitrate increase/decrease etc.) in
accordance with prevailing load conditions
Provide different quality of service for real
time (RT) and non-real time (NRT) users
Take appropriate corrective action when the
different cell load thresholds are exceeded in
order to maintain cell stability (i.e. load
control)

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RRM Functional Split

RRM is made up of a number of closely interdependent functions (i.e.
algorithms)
These functions can be divided into;

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Cell Based
Load control (LC)
Admission control (AC)

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Packet scheduling (PS)

High Speed Downlink Packet Access
Resource manager (RM)

Connection Based
Handover control (HC)
Power control (PC)
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6
Nokia Siemens Networks

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Radio Resource Management Overview

Introduction
Load Control (LC)
Admission Control (AC)
Packet Scheduler (PS) incl. HSPA
Power Control (PC)
Handover Control (HC)
Resource Manager (RM)

Soc Classification level

7
Nokia Siemens Networks

Presentation / Author / Date

Load control States

The load control function within RRM can be divided:
Preventative load control (e.g. congestion)
Overload control (e.g. dropping of calls in worst case)

Preventative actions are performed before the cell is overloaded (threshold y)

Overload actions are performed after cell is overloaded (threshold x)
RNP parameters define the thresholds for the RRM functionalities
The thresholds define a stable functionality within a cell and with surrounding
cells

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8
Nokia Siemens Networks

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Load Control

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LC performs the function of load control in association with AC & PS

Updates load status using measurements & estimations provided by AC and PS
Continuously feeds cell load information to PS and AC;
Interference levels
BTS power levels
Non-controllable load
Soc Classification level
9
Nokia Siemens Networks

Presentation / Author / Date

Radio Resource Management Overview

Introduction
Load Control (LC)
Admission Control (AC)
Packet Scheduler (PS) incl. HSPA
Power Control (PC)
Handover Control (HC)
Resource Manager (RM)

Soc Classification level

10
Nokia Siemens Networks

Presentation / Author / Date

Admission Control
Responsible for maximising capacity (throughput) whilst providing the required quality of
service for RT traffic.
Checks that admitting a new user will not sacrifice planned coverage or quality of existing
connections
Determines whether RABs can be admitted to the RAN
Handles RT RABs alone by estimating the increase in non-controllable load
With PS decides whether to allocate resources to NRT RABs
In the decision UL interference & DL power measurements by BTS are used
In RAS06 also the UL throughput is considered for AC

Provides RLC parameters to PS for NRT users, for example

Bearer class
Transport Formats

AC sets quality and power parameters for the radio link, for example
UL/DL BLER, Eb/No targets, SIR target
Initial DL transmission power
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Nokia Siemens Networks

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Admission Control, RAS05.1 picture

In uplink the total received wideband interference power measured indicates the traffic
load of the radio resources .
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Marginal load area

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Planned load area

For downlink the power change caused by new RT service is obtained from the
maximum allowed DL transmission power for the service.
In the admission decision procedure new call (or modified existing call) is admitted if
both UL and DL admission decisions are passed
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12
Nokia Siemens Networks

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Admission Control, RAS06 picture, UL

Throughput thresholds are calculated from new, configurable Prx thresholds

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13
Nokia Siemens Networks

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Radio Resource Management Overview

Introduction
Load Control (LC)
Admission Control (AC)
Packet Scheduler (PS) incl. HSPA
Power Control (PC)
Handover Control (HC)
Resource Manager (RM)

Soc Classification level

14
Nokia Siemens Networks

Presentation / Author / Date

Packet Scheduler in RNC

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15
Nokia Siemens Networks

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Presentation / Author / Date

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Fast scheduling is done directly in Node-B based on feedback

information from UE and knowledge of current traffic state.
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Soc Classification level

17
Nokia Siemens Networks

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Presentation / Author / Date

Radio Resource Management Overview

Introduction
Load Control (LC)
Admission Control (AC)
Packet Scheduler (PS) incl. HSPA
Power Control (PC)
Handover Control (HC)
Resource Manager (RM)

Soc Classification level

18
Nokia Siemens Networks

Presentation / Author / Date

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Power Control
Since WCDMA system is interference limited it is beneficial to reduce
transmission power as far as possible.
Thus, the target of power control (PC) is to achieve the minimum signal-tointerference ratio (SIR) that is required to offer sufficient quality of the connection.
PC works on a per-connection basis.

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Soc Classification level
19
Nokia Siemens Networks

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Presentation / Author / Date

Radio Resource Management Overview

Introduction
Load Control (LC)
Admission Control (AC)
Packet Scheduler (PS) incl. HSPA
Power Control (PC)
Handover Control (HC)
Resource Manager (RM)

Soc Classification level

20
Nokia Siemens Networks

Presentation / Author / Date

Handover Control (HC)

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Soft(er) Handover

Intra-frequency

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Hard Handover
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21
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Inter-frequency
Hard Handover

Presentation / Author / Date

Radio Resource Management Overview

Introduction
Load Control (LC)
Admission Control (AC)
Packet Scheduler (PS) incl. HSPA
Power Control (PC)
Handover Control (HC)
Resource Manager (RM)

Soc Classification level

22
Nokia Siemens Networks

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Intra-layer
Inter-layer

Resource Manager (RM)

Responsible for managing the logical radio resources of the RNC in co-operation with AC
and PS
On request for resources, from either AC(RT) or PS(NRT), RM allocates;
DL spreading code
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Also looks after code tree management (to maintain orthogonality);

Initial code selection codes concentrated to same branch
Code de-fragmentation dynamic reallocation of codes as users enter/leave system

DL spreading code allocation for HSDPA users can be dynamic in RAS06

Soc Classification level

23
Nokia Siemens Networks

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