8.

022 - Class 3 - 9/11/2006

October 20, 2007

(z) =
E
=

1
40

L (x2 +z 2 )3/2 (xi + zj )dx

L

1
1/2
40 (x2 +z 2 ) L + ...

Dimensionless Integrals

u = x2 + z 2

du = 2xdx
x = z tan
dx = z sec2 d

8.022 Class Notes - Class 3 - 9/11/06

(z 2 +l2 )3/2

dl

L 1
L( Lz )
l
d(
)
2
2
0
L
z
l
3
3/2
(L2 2 +L2 2 )
L
L
L
Vector
- a sequence of numbers (a1, ...)
B
=B
A
=C

- magnitude and direction A

B
= |A||B| sin()
A
n
(B
+C
) = (A
B
) + (A
C
)
A
B
=
A

A
B
A
=
A
0

Class 3 - 9/11/2006

= Axx + Ay y + Az z
A
= A1e1 + A2e2 + A3e3
3
=
i
i=1 Ai e
Aiei (Einstein summation convention)

8.022 Class Notes - Class 3 - 9/11/06

+B

=
Aiei + Biei
A
i
i

=
i

i (Ai + Bi )e

a
A =
a
i
Aiei =
(aAi)ei

AB =(
Aiei) (
Bj ej ) =
i

i Ai Bi e
i

x y z

B

=
Ax Ay Az

A

Bx By Bz

ijk - antisymmetric tensor ; i = indices for A , j = indices

for
123 = 1 123, 231, 312
213 = 1 132, 321, 213
else = 0.
B
= ijk AiBj

A
(B
C
) = B
(C
A
) = C
(A
B
)

A
Prove using epsilon notation - by denition ijk = jki = kij
(B
C
) = A
(ijk BiCj )
A
= Ak ijk BiCj
= ijk BiCj Ak
= cj kij BiAk Cj
(kij Ak Bi)
= C
(A
B
)
= C
not exactly correct notation